JP6709296B2 - Assistance device - Google Patents

Assistance device Download PDF

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JP6709296B2
JP6709296B2 JP2018557503A JP2018557503A JP6709296B2 JP 6709296 B2 JP6709296 B2 JP 6709296B2 JP 2018557503 A JP2018557503 A JP 2018557503A JP 2018557503 A JP2018557503 A JP 2018557503A JP 6709296 B2 JP6709296 B2 JP 6709296B2
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support member
person
assisted
movement
swinging
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JPWO2018116473A1 (en
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丈二 五十棲
丈二 五十棲
立 高橋
立 高橋
邦靖 中根
邦靖 中根
丈弘 平岡
丈弘 平岡
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61GTRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/14Standing-up or sitting-down aids

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)

Description

本発明は、介助装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an assistance device.

特許文献1には、3つの駆動軸からなる駆動装置によって被介助者の上半身を支持する支持部材を適宜移動させて、被介助者の起立動作および着座動作を補助する介助装置が開示されている。また、特許文献2には、2つの駆動部を備える介助装置が開示されている。特許文献2の介助装置は、起立動作の動作補助において、座位姿勢にある被介助者の肘がテーブルの上に載せられた状態でテーブルを前旋回させ、その後に昇降部によりテーブルを上昇させることで被介助者を起立姿勢にするように起立動作を補助する。 Patent Document 1 discloses an assisting device that appropriately moves a support member that supports the upper half of the body of a person being assisted by a drive device including three drive shafts to assist the person being assisted in standing and sitting. .. In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses an assistance device including two drive units. In the assistance device of Patent Document 2, in assisting the standing motion, the table is rotated forward with the elbow of the person being assisted in a sitting position resting on the table, and then the table is lifted by the elevating unit. Assists the standing motion so that the person being assisted can be placed in the standing posture.

国際公開第2014/122752号International Publication No. 2014/122752 特開2012−217686号公報JP, 2012-217686, A

このような介助装置は、特許文献2のように駆動装置の構成を簡易にして、介助装置の軽量化や生産コストの低減が図られている。その一方で、介助装置には、限られた駆動装置の動作範囲において、着座動作を補助した際の被介助者の負担をより軽減することが求められている。 In such an assisting device, the structure of the driving device is simplified as in Patent Document 2 to reduce the weight of the assisting device and reduce the production cost. On the other hand, the assistance device is required to further reduce the burden on the person being assisted when assisting the sitting motion within the limited operation range of the drive device.

本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、着座動作の補助の際の被介助者の負担をより軽減することができる介助装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an assistance device that can further reduce the burden on the person being assisted when assisting the sitting motion.

本明細書は、基台と、被介助者の上半身を支持する支持部材と、前記基台に対して上下方向に直動する昇降部と、前記昇降部に設けられた中心軸周りに旋回して前記支持部材を揺動させる揺動部と、前記被介助者の着座動作を補助する動作処理において、前記昇降部の上下動および前記揺動部の旋回動を協調させて前記支持部材の移動を制御する制御装置と、を備え、前記支持部材と一体的に移動する位置に設定された基準位置の移動を前記支持部材の移動と定義し、前記着座動作の前記動作処理には、前記揺動部の後旋回に伴う前記基準位置の後方移動量よりも前記昇降部の下降による前記中心軸の下方移動量が大きくなるように前記昇降部および前記揺動部の各動作を協調させて、前記着座動作の開始位置から前記支持部材を下降させる下降工程と、前記下降工程の後に、少なくとも前記揺動部を後旋回させて、前記着座動作の終了位置まで前記支持部材を後退させる後退工程と、が含まれる第一の介助装置、を開示する。 This specification describes a base, a support member that supports the upper half of the body of a person being assisted, an elevating part that moves linearly in the vertical direction with respect to the base, and a swivel around a central axis provided in the elevating part. And a swinging part that swings the support member, and an operation process that assists the seated motion of the person being assisted, the vertical movement of the elevating part and the swinging motion of the swinging part are coordinated to move the support member. And a control device for controlling the movement of the reference member, which is set to a position that moves integrally with the support member, is defined as the movement of the support member. By coordinating each operation of the elevating part and the oscillating part such that the downward movement amount of the central axis due to the lowering of the elevating part is larger than the rearward moving amount of the reference position due to the rear turning of the moving part, A descending step of descending the support member from the start position of the seating operation, and a retreating step of revolving at least the swinging part after the descending step to retract the support member to the end position of the seating operation. , A first assistance device is included.

本明細書は、基台と、被介助者の上半身を支持する支持部材と、前記基台に対して上下方向に直動する昇降部と、前記昇降部に設けられた中心軸周りに旋回して前記支持部材を揺動させる揺動部と、前記被介助者の着座動作を補助する動作処理において、前記昇降部の上下動および前記揺動部の旋回動を協調させて前記支持部材の移動を制御する制御装置と、を備え、前記支持部材と一体的に移動する位置に設定された基準位置の移動を前記支持部材の移動と定義し、前記着座動作の前記動作処理には、前記揺動部の後旋回に伴う前記基準位置の後方への前記基準位置の移動速度よりも前記昇降部の下降による下方への前記中心軸の移動速度が大きくなるように前記昇降部および前記揺動部の各動作を協調させて、前記着座動作の開始位置から前記支持部材を下降させる下降工程と、前記下降工程の後に、少なくとも前記揺動部を後旋回させて、前記着座動作の終了位置まで前記支持部材を後退させる後退工程と、が含まれる第二の介助装置、を開示する。 This specification describes a base, a support member that supports the upper half of the body of a person being assisted, an elevating part that moves linearly in the vertical direction with respect to the base, and a swivel around a central axis provided in the elevating part. And a swinging portion that swings the supporting member, and an operation process that assists the seating movement of the person being assisted, the vertical movement of the lifting portion and the swinging movement of the swinging portion are coordinated to move the support member. And a control device for controlling the movement of the reference member, which is set to a position that moves integrally with the support member, is defined as the movement of the support member. The elevating part and the oscillating part are arranged such that the moving speed of the central shaft downward by the lowering of the elevating part is higher than the moving speed of the reference position rearward of the reference position due to the rear turning of the moving part. And a lowering step of lowering the support member from the start position of the seating operation in cooperation with each other, and after the lowering step, at least the swinging part is revolved to the end position of the seating operation. A second assisting device including a retracting step of retracting the support member is disclosed.

第一の介助装置の構成および第二の介助装置の構成によると、下降工程において揺動部の後旋回によって支持部材がある程度起こされる前に支持部材を所定高さまで下降できる。このとき、被介助者は、上半身が前傾した状態から起こされる前に、上半身が前傾したまま腰部が立位姿勢より下がった中間姿勢に移行される。よって、立位姿勢から中間姿勢に移行するまでの期間において被介助者の上半身を確実に支持でき、被介助者の負担をより軽減することができる。 According to the configuration of the first assistance device and the configuration of the second assistance device, the support member can be lowered to a predetermined height before the support member is raised to some extent by the rearward turning of the swing portion in the lowering step. At this time, the person being assisted is transitioned to an intermediate posture in which the waist is lowered from the standing posture while the upper body is tilted forward before being awakened from the state where the upper body is tilted forward. Therefore, the upper half of the body of the person being assisted can be reliably supported during the period from the standing posture to the transition to the intermediate posture, and the burden on the person being assisted can be further reduced.

実施形態の介助装置を斜め後方から見た斜視図である。It is the perspective view which looked at the assistance device of an embodiment from the slanting back. 立位姿勢の被介助者を支持する介助装置を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the assistance apparatus which supports the person being assisted in a standing position. 中間姿勢の被介助者を支持する介助装置を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the assistance apparatus which supports the person being assisted in an intermediate posture. 座位姿勢の被介助者を支持する介助装置を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the assistance apparatus which supports the person being assisted in a sitting position. 基準位置の移動軌跡、中心軸の移動軌跡、および基準位置の位置に対する支持部材の角度を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the movement locus of a reference position, the movement locus of a central axis, and the angle of a support member with respect to the position of a reference position. 後退工程の実行前後における各部位の動作を、昇降部を基準にして示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows operation|movement of each site|part before and behind execution of a retreat process on the basis of a raising/lowering part. 後退工程の実行前後における被介助者の上半身の移動を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the movement of the to-be-supported person's upper body before and after performing a retracting process. 実施形態の変形態様における図5に対応する図である。It is a figure corresponding to FIG. 5 in the modification of embodiment.

(1.実施形態)
介助装置1は、被介助者M(図2などを参照)に対して座位姿勢から立位姿勢への起立動作の介助、および立位姿勢から座位姿勢への着座動作の介助を行う。介助装置1が立位姿勢における被介助者Mの上半身を支持することで、一人の介助者が介助装置1を牽引等して、例えば介助施設における移動目標に移動させることができる。
(1. Embodiment)
The assistance device 1 assists the person being assisted M (see FIG. 2 and the like) in the standing motion from the sitting posture to the standing posture and in the sitting motion from the standing posture to the sitting posture. Since the assistance device 1 supports the upper half of the person to be assisted M in the standing posture, one assistance person can pull the assistance device 1 or the like to move it to, for example, a movement target in the assistance facility.

なお、「立位姿勢」とは、被介助者Mの下半身が立っている姿勢を意味し、上半身の姿勢を問わない。つまり、起立動作の補助とは、被介助者Mの臀部Mtを上昇させる動作の補助である。また、着座動作の補助とは、被介助者Mの臀部Mtの位置を下降させる動作の補助である。 The “standing posture” means the posture in which the lower half of the person being assisted M stands, and the posture of the upper half of the body does not matter. That is, the assistance of the standing motion is the assistance of the motion of raising the buttocks Mt of the person being assisted. Further, the assistance of the sitting motion is the assistance of the motion of lowering the position of the buttocks Mt of the person being assisted.

(1−1.介助装置1の構成)
介助装置1は、図1に示すように、基台10、駆動装置20、支持部材50、および制御ユニット70を備える。基台10は、フレーム11、支柱12(図2に示す)、固定カバー13、足載置台14、下腿当て部15、および6個の車輪16〜18などを備える。フレーム11は、床面Fの近くにほぼ水平に設けられる。
(1-1. Configuration of the assistance device 1)
As shown in FIG. 1, the assistance device 1 includes a base 10, a drive device 20, a support member 50, and a control unit 70. The base 10 includes a frame 11, columns 12 (shown in FIG. 2 ), a fixed cover 13, a foot rest 14, a lower leg rest 15, and six wheels 16-18. The frame 11 is provided near the floor surface F substantially horizontally.

支柱12は、フレーム11の前寄りの左右方向の中央から上方に延伸した状態でフレーム11に固定される。支柱12は、床面Fに対して鉛直となるように設けられてもよいし、前後方向に所定角度となるように設けられてもよい。支柱12の内部には、後述する昇降駆動部21が収容される。固定カバー13は、支柱12および後述する昇降本体31の下部の周囲を覆って保護する。 The support column 12 is fixed to the frame 11 in a state of extending upward from the center of the front side of the frame 11 in the left-right direction. The columns 12 may be provided so as to be vertical to the floor surface F, or may be provided so as to form a predetermined angle in the front-rear direction. An up-and-down drive unit 21 described later is housed inside the column 12. The fixed cover 13 covers and protects the columns 12 and the lower part of the elevating body 31 described later.

足載置台14は、フレーム11の上面後方に固定されて、ほぼ水平に設けられる。足載置台14の上面には、被介助者Mが足を乗せる位置を案内するための足形の接地マーク141が記されている。下腿当て部15は、L字状の左右一対の支持アーム151により支柱12に固定される。下腿当て部15は、接地マーク141よりも少し前側の上方に設けられる。下腿当て部15の本体は、左右の支持アーム151の直立した部分に亘って配置され、左右方向に延在するクッション材である。下腿当て部15は、被介助者Mの下腿が接触する部位である。下腿当て部15の配置高さは、調整可能である。 The foot rest 14 is fixed to the rear of the upper surface of the frame 11 and is provided substantially horizontally. A foot-shaped ground mark 141 for guiding the position at which the person being assisted M puts his/her foot is written on the upper surface of the footrest base 14. The lower leg support portion 15 is fixed to the column 12 by a pair of left and right support arms 151 having an L shape. The lower leg contact portion 15 is provided slightly above the front side of the ground mark 141. The main body of the lower leg abutment portion 15 is a cushion material that is arranged over the upright portions of the left and right support arms 151 and extends in the left and right direction. The lower leg contact portion 15 is a portion where the lower leg of the person to be assisted M contacts. The arrangement height of the lower leg contact portion 15 can be adjusted.

フレーム11の下側には、左右に3個ずつの車輪16〜18が設けられている。各車輪16〜18は、移動方向を転換する転舵機能を有する。最前の車輪16は、移動を規制するロック機能を備える。介助装置1は、6個の車輪16〜18の転舵機能により、前後方向の移動および方向転換だけでなく、横移動(真横への移動)や超信地旋回(その場旋回)が可能となっている。 On the lower side of the frame 11, three wheels 16 to 18 are provided on the left and right. Each of the wheels 16 to 18 has a steering function of changing the moving direction. The frontmost wheel 16 has a lock function for restricting movement. With the steering function of the six wheels 16 to 18, the assistance device 1 is capable of not only forward and backward movement and direction change but also lateral movement (moving to the side) and super-spinning turning (situ turning). Is becoming

駆動装置20は、被介助者Mの上半身を支持する支持部材50を基台10の上下方向および前後方向に移動可能に支持する。本実施形態において、駆動装置20は、昇降駆動部21、揺動駆動部22、昇降部30、および揺動部40を備える。駆動装置20は、制御ユニット70の制御装置71により昇降駆動部21および揺動駆動部22の動作を制御される。駆動装置20は、昇降部30の上下動および揺動部40の旋回動を協調させることにより、支持部材50を所定の移動軌跡に沿って移動可能に構成される。 The drive device 20 supports a support member 50 that supports the upper half of the person to be assisted M so as to be movable in the vertical direction and the front-back direction of the base 10. In the present embodiment, the drive device 20 includes a lift drive unit 21, a swing drive unit 22, a lift unit 30, and a swing unit 40. The drive device 20 is controlled by the control device 71 of the control unit 70 to operate the lift drive unit 21 and the swing drive unit 22. The drive device 20 is configured to move the support member 50 along a predetermined movement locus by coordinating the vertical movement of the elevating part 30 and the turning movement of the swinging part 40.

昇降部30は、基台10に対して上下方向に直動する。昇降部30は、図2に示すように、昇降本体31と、揺動支持部32と、昇降カバー33(図1を参照)とを備える。昇降本体31は、上下方向に長い長尺状に形成される。昇降本体31は、支柱12の後面のガイド(図示せず)に案内される。昇降本体31は、直動装置である昇降駆動部21の駆動によって支柱12のガイドに沿って昇降する。昇降本体31の内部には、揺動部40を旋回させる揺動駆動部22が収容される。 The elevating part 30 moves vertically with respect to the base 10. As shown in FIG. 2, the elevating part 30 includes an elevating body 31, a swing support part 32, and an elevating cover 33 (see FIG. 1). The elevating body 31 is formed in a long shape that is long in the vertical direction. The elevating body 31 is guided by a guide (not shown) on the rear surface of the column 12. The lifting/lowering body 31 is lifted/lowered along the guide of the column 12 by the driving of the lifting/lowering drive unit 21 which is a linear motion device. A swing drive unit 22 that swings the swing unit 40 is housed inside the lift main body 31.

揺動支持部32は、揺動部40を中心軸A周りに回転可能に支持する。昇降カバー33は、図1に示すように、昇降本体31および支柱12の周りおよび上方を覆って保護する。昇降カバー33は、昇降本体31に結合されており、昇降本体31とともに昇降する。昇降する昇降カバー33の下部は、常に固定カバー13の外周側に重なっている。なお、本実施形態においては、介助装置1は、1本の支柱12に対応して1個の昇降部30を有する。これに対して、介助装置1は、2本以上の支柱12を備え、また支柱12の数に対応する昇降部30を複数備える構成としてもよい。 The swing support portion 32 supports the swing portion 40 rotatably around the central axis A. As shown in FIG. 1, the raising/lowering cover 33 covers and protects the raising/lowering main body 31 and the column 12 around and above them. The elevating cover 33 is coupled to the elevating body 31 and moves up and down together with the elevating body 31. The lower part of the elevating cover 33 that moves up and down always overlaps with the outer peripheral side of the fixed cover 13. In addition, in the present embodiment, the assistance device 1 has one elevating part 30 corresponding to one column 12. On the other hand, the assistance device 1 may be configured to include two or more columns 12 and a plurality of elevating units 30 corresponding to the number of columns 12.

揺動部40は、昇降部30に設けられた中心軸A周りに旋回して支持部材50を揺動させる。揺動部40は、図2に示すように、揺動本体41、アーム42、および第一ハンドル43を備える。揺動本体41は、支持部材50を着脱される取り付け部である。アーム42は、揺動本体41に一体的に固定される。アーム42の一端は、昇降部30の揺動支持部32の中心軸A周りに回転可能に支持される。アーム42は、揺動駆動部22の駆動によって回転される。介助装置1が起立動作の補助を行う場合には、アーム42は、後方に延びた状態から主として前旋回する。一方で、介助装置1が着座動作の補助を行う場合には、アーム42は、後方に延びる状態となるように主として後旋回する。 The swinging part 40 swings around the central axis A provided on the elevating part 30 to swing the support member 50. As shown in FIG. 2, the swing unit 40 includes a swing body 41, an arm 42, and a first handle 43. The swinging body 41 is a mounting portion to which the support member 50 is attached and detached. The arm 42 is integrally fixed to the swing body 41. One end of the arm 42 is rotatably supported around the central axis A of the swing support part 32 of the elevating part 30. The arm 42 is rotated by the drive of the swing drive unit 22. When the assistance device 1 assists the standing motion, the arm 42 mainly swivels forward from the state of extending rearward. On the other hand, when the assistance device 1 assists the sitting motion, the arm 42 mainly turns backward so that the arm 42 extends rearward.

第一ハンドル43は、概ね四角形の枠形状に形成されている。第一ハンドル43は、揺動本体41から前上方向に延びるように形成されている。第一ハンドル43の側方部分は、被介助者Mの両手によって把持される。さらに、第一ハンドル43の側方部分および前方部分は、介助者によって介助装置1を移動させるために把持される。上記のような構成により、揺動部40は、基台10の左右方向に平行な水平軸(中心軸A)周りに旋回して、アーム42の先端側の揺動本体41に取り付けられた支持部材50を揺動させる。 The first handle 43 is formed in a substantially rectangular frame shape. The first handle 43 is formed so as to extend in the front upper direction from the swing body 41. The side portion of the first handle 43 is grasped by both hands of the person being assisted M. Further, the side portion and the front portion of the first handle 43 are gripped by the caregiver in order to move the assistance device 1. With the above-described configuration, the swinging unit 40 swings around a horizontal axis (central axis A) parallel to the left-right direction of the base 10 and is attached to the swinging body 41 on the tip side of the arm 42. The member 50 is swung.

支持部材50は、被介助者Mの上半身を支持する部材である。支持部材50は、胴体支持部51、一対の脇支持部52、および第二ハンドル53などを備える。胴体支持部51は、被介助者Mの胴体形状に近い面状に形成されており、柔軟な変形が可能になっている。胴体支持部51の支持面は、被介助者Mの上半身のうち胴体の前面に面接触して胴体を支持する。より詳細には、胴体支持部51の支持面は、被介助者Mにおける胸部から腹部に亘る範囲を下方から支持する。また、胴体支持部51は、揺動本体41に取り付けられている。 The support member 50 is a member that supports the upper half of the person to be assisted M. The support member 50 includes a body support portion 51, a pair of armpit support portions 52, a second handle 53, and the like. The body support portion 51 is formed in a plane shape close to the body shape of the person being assisted M, and can be flexibly deformed. The support surface of the body support portion 51 is in surface contact with the front surface of the body of the person to be assisted M to support the body. More specifically, the support surface of the body support portion 51 supports a range of the person being assisted M from the chest to the abdomen from below. Further, the body support portion 51 is attached to the swing body 41.

さらに、胴体支持部51は、揺動本体41に対して前後方向に自由傾動可能に支持されている。具体的には、胴体支持部51は、図4に示す状態から図4の時計回りに所定角度範囲を傾動可能に構成されている。上記の「自由傾動」とは、アクチュエータなどによって駆動される傾動ではなく、手動によって動かすことが可能な傾動を意味する。 Further, the body support portion 51 is supported so as to be freely tiltable in the front-rear direction with respect to the swing body 41. Specifically, the body support portion 51 is configured to be tiltable in a predetermined angle range in the clockwise direction of FIG. 4 from the state shown in FIG. The above-mentioned "free tilting" means tilting that can be manually moved, not tilting driven by an actuator or the like.

一対の脇支持部52は、胴体支持部51に支持され、被介助者Mの脇を支持する。詳細には、一対の脇支持部52は、胴体支持部51の左右に設けられている。脇支持部52は、胴体支持部51に揺動可能に支持される。脇支持部52は、棒状部材により、L字状に形成されている。脇支持部52の表面は、柔軟な変形が可能な材料により覆われている。第二ハンドル53は、胴体支持部51の前面に一体に設けられている。第二ハンドル53は、横長のU字状に形成されている。第二ハンドル53は、胴体支持部51の下部に固定され左右方向に延びる基軸部分と、基軸部分の両端から第一ハンドル43側に向かって延びる把持部分とを備える。 The pair of armpit support parts 52 are supported by the body support part 51, and support the armpits of the person being assisted M. Specifically, the pair of side support parts 52 are provided on the left and right of the body support part 51. The side support portion 52 is swingably supported by the body support portion 51. The armpit support part 52 is formed in an L shape by a rod-shaped member. The surface of the side support portion 52 is covered with a material that can be flexibly deformed. The second handle 53 is integrally provided on the front surface of the body support portion 51. The second handle 53 is formed in a horizontally long U-shape. The second handle 53 includes a base shaft portion that is fixed to the lower portion of the body support portion 51 and extends in the left-right direction, and a grip portion that extends from both ends of the base shaft portion toward the first handle 43 side.

制御ユニット70は、フレーム11の上側右寄りに設けられている。制御ユニット70は、昇降駆動部21および揺動駆動部22を制御する制御装置71などを備える。制御装置71は、被介助者Mの起立動作や着座動作を補助する動作処理において、被介助者Mまたは介助者からの指令に基づいて、昇降駆動部21および揺動駆動部22を駆動させて、昇降部30の上下動および揺動部40の旋回動を協調させて支持部材50の移動を制御する。 The control unit 70 is provided on the upper right side of the frame 11. The control unit 70 includes a control device 71 that controls the elevation drive unit 21 and the swing drive unit 22. The control device 71 drives the lift drive unit 21 and the swing drive unit 22 based on a command from the person being assisted M or the person being assisted in the operation process of assisting the person M to stand up or sit down. The vertical movement of the elevating part 30 and the turning movement of the swinging part 40 are coordinated to control the movement of the support member 50.

なお、制御装置71は、ソフトウェアで動作するコンピュータ装置を用いることができる。コンピュータ装置は、被介助者Mまたは介助者からの指令を受け付ける図略のリモコンを備えていてもよい。ソフトウェアとして、起立動作を補助する動作処理や、着座動作を補助する動作処理を実行するための補助プログラムが記憶されている。また、制御装置71の下側には、繰り返しの充放電が可能な符号略のバッテリ電源が付属されている。バッテリ電源は、フレーム11の上側左寄りにも付属されている。バッテリ電源は、昇降駆動部21および揺動駆動部22にも共用される。 As the control device 71, a computer device that operates with software can be used. The computer device may include a remote controller (not shown) that receives a command from the person being assisted M or the person being assisted. As software, an auxiliary program for executing an operation process for assisting a standing motion and an operation process for assisting a sitting motion are stored. Further, below the control device 71 is attached a battery power source, which is omitted from the reference numeral, capable of repeated charging and discharging. The battery power source is also attached to the upper left side of the frame 11. The battery power source is also shared by the lift drive unit 21 and the swing drive unit 22.

(1−2.介助装置1による着座動作の動作処理)
介助装置1による着座動作を補助する動作処理について、図2〜図7を参照して説明する。上記の着座動作の動作処理には、支持部材50を下降させる下降工程と、支持部材50を後退させる後退工程と、が含まれる。なお、上記の下降工程には、支持部材50を後退させる動作が含まれることがあり、同様に上記の後退工程には、支持部材50を昇降させる動作が含まれることがある。また、下降工程および後退工程は、実際には一連で実行され、支持部材50が滑らかな移動軌跡を辿る場合には、工程の切り替わりを体感できるとは限らない。
(1-2. Motion processing of seating motion by the assistance device 1)
An operation process for assisting the sitting operation by the assistance device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. The operation process of the seating operation includes a lowering step of lowering the supporting member 50 and a retreating step of retracting the supporting member 50. The descending step may include an operation of retracting the support member 50, and similarly, the retracting step may include an operation of elevating the support member 50. Further, the descending process and the retreating process are actually executed in a series, and when the support member 50 follows a smooth movement locus, it is not always possible to experience the process switching.

本実施形態では、被介助者Mが例えば起立動作を補助する動作処理によって予め立位姿勢とされている状態を介助装置1の初期状態とする(図2を参照)。立位姿勢の被介助者Mは、両脚部が伸びた状態にあり、且つ上半身の質量を概ね支持部材50に預けた状態にある。なお、上記の起立動作を補助する動作処理の終了時における支持部材50の高さは一定であるとは限らない。例えば、制御装置71は、介助装置1への指令が入力されなくなった場合に、起立動作の動作処理の終了とする。そのため、終了時における支持部材50の高さによっては、起立姿勢にある被介助者Mは、図2に示す姿勢の他に、例えば下腿のうち膝が下腿当て部15に接触した状態を維持されることがある。 In the present embodiment, a state in which the person being assisted M is in a standing posture in advance by an operation process that assists the standing up operation is the initial state of the assistance apparatus 1 (see FIG. 2 ). The person to be assisted M in the standing position has both legs extended and has the mass of the upper half of the body generally entrusted to the support member 50. It should be noted that the height of the support member 50 at the end of the operation process for assisting the standing operation is not always constant. For example, the control device 71 ends the operation process of the standing up operation when the instruction to the assistance device 1 is not input. Therefore, depending on the height of the support member 50 at the end, the person to be assisted M in the standing posture maintains the state in which, for example, the knee of the lower leg is in contact with the lower leg rest 15 in addition to the posture shown in FIG. Sometimes.

着座動作の動作処理において、被介助者Mの上半身を下降させるように、支持部材50を下降させる行程を下降工程と称する。このとき、被介助者Mは、図2に示す初期状態である立位姿勢から、図3に示す上半身が下降した中間姿勢に移行される。さらに、着座動作の動作処理において、被介助者Mの上半身が概ね起こされるように、支持部材50を後側に傾動させるとともに支持部材50を後退させる工程を後退工程と称する。このとき、被介助者Mは、図3に示す中間姿勢から、図4に示す終了状態である座位姿勢に移行される。座位姿勢の被介助者Mは、上半身を起こされるとともに、臀部Mtが椅子90の座面91に接触した状態にある。 In the operation process of the sitting motion, the process of lowering the support member 50 so as to lower the upper half of the person to be assisted M is referred to as a lowering process. At this time, the person being assisted M shifts from the standing posture which is the initial state shown in FIG. 2 to the intermediate posture in which the upper half of the body is lowered as shown in FIG. Further, in the seating motion processing, the step of tilting the support member 50 rearward and retracting the support member 50 so that the upper half of the person being assisted M is generally raised is referred to as a retreat step. At this time, the person being assisted M is changed from the intermediate posture shown in FIG. 3 to the sitting posture which is the end state shown in FIG. The assisted person M in the sitting position is in a state in which the upper body is raised and the buttocks Mt are in contact with the seat surface 91 of the chair 90.

ここで、昇降部30の上下動と揺動部40の旋回動が協調すると、揺動する支持部材50には、基台10に対して前進する部位と後退する部位が存在することがあり、同様に基台10に対して上昇する部位と下降する部位が存在することがある。そこで、以下では、支持部材50と一体的に移動する位置に設定された基準位置Psの移動を支持部材50の移動と定義する。 Here, when the vertical movement of the elevating part 30 and the swinging motion of the rocking part 40 cooperate, the rocking support member 50 may have a part that moves forward and a part that moves backward with respect to the base 10. Similarly, there may be an ascending portion and a descending portion with respect to the base 10. Therefore, hereinafter, the movement of the reference position Ps, which is set to the position where the support member 50 moves integrally, is defined as the movement of the support member 50.

本実施形態において、基準位置Psは、図2に示すように、胴体支持部51のうち胴体に接触する部位の上端に設定される。図2〜図5における太実線は、被介助者Mの着座動作中の基準位置Psの移動軌跡Tdを示す。つまり、制御装置71は、基準位置Psが図2〜図5に示す移動軌跡Tdに沿って移動するように、昇降部30の上下動および揺動部40の旋回動を協調させて支持部材50の移動を制御する。 In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the reference position Ps is set at the upper end of the portion of the body supporting portion 51 that contacts the body. The thick solid line in FIGS. 2 to 5 indicates the movement trajectory Td of the reference position Ps during the sitting motion of the person being assisted M. That is, the control device 71 cooperates the vertical movement of the elevating part 30 and the swinging motion of the swinging part 40 so that the reference position Ps moves along the movement trajectory Td shown in FIGS. Control the movement of.

被介助者Mまたは介助者が着座動作の補助操作を開始すると、制御装置71は、被介助者Mを立位姿勢(図2を参照)から中間姿勢(図3を参照)とする下降工程を実行する。このとき、基準位置Psは、図5に示すように、位置Ps1から位置Ps3まで移動軌跡Tdに沿って移動する。下降工程は、位置Ps1から位置Ps3まで移動する区間のうち一部の区間(図5の第一区間S1)において、揺動部40の後旋回に伴う基準位置Psの後方移動量よりも昇降部30の下降による中心軸Aの下方移動量が大きくなるように昇降部30および揺動部40の各動作を協調させて、着座動作の開始位置(Ps1)から支持部材50を下降させる。 When the person to be assisted M or the person to be assisted starts the assisting operation for the sitting motion, the control device 71 performs the descending step of moving the person to be assisted M from the standing posture (see FIG. 2) to the intermediate posture (see FIG. 3). Run. At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the reference position Ps moves from the position Ps1 to the position Ps3 along the movement trajectory Td. In the descending process, in a part of the section moving from the position Ps1 to the position Ps3 (first section S1 in FIG. 5), the elevating unit is moved more than the backward movement amount of the reference position Ps due to the rear turning of the swinging unit 40. The supporting member 50 is lowered from the seating movement start position (Ps1) by coordinating the respective operations of the elevating unit 30 and the swinging unit 40 such that the downward movement amount of the central axis A due to the lowering of 30 increases.

ここで、下降工程および後退工程における基準位置Psの移動(位置Ps1から位置Ps2,Ps3を経由して位置Ps4への移動)に対応して、中心軸Aは、図5に示すように、中心軸位置Pc1から中心軸位置Pc2,Pc3を経由して中心軸位置Pc4まで移動軌跡Tcに沿って移動する。なお、図5は、直線的な中心軸Aの移動軌跡Tcにおける中心軸位置Pc3,Pc4を、経路の重複を避けるために前後方向にずらして示している。 Here, in response to the movement of the reference position Ps (movement from the position Ps1 to the positions Ps2 and Ps3 to the position Ps4) in the descending process and the retreating process, the central axis A is centered as shown in FIG. It moves along the movement trajectory Tc from the axial position Pc1 to the central axis position Pc4 via the central axis positions Pc2 and Pc3. Note that FIG. 5 shows the center axis positions Pc3 and Pc4 on the linear movement trajectory Tc of the center axis A, which are shifted in the front-rear direction in order to avoid overlapping of the paths.

下降工程は、上記の第一区間S1において、基準位置Psが経由位置である位置Ps2に到達した時点で、揺動部40の後旋回に伴う基準位置Psの後方移動量Nbよりも昇降部30の下降による中心軸Aの下方移動量Nd1が大きくなるように(Nb<Nd1)、昇降部30および揺動部40の各動作を協調させる。つまり、下降工程の第一区間S1は、着座動作の動作処理の初期段階において、被介助者Mの上半身を起こすよりも、上半身を支持したまま所定高さH1まで支持部材50を下降させることを優先する区間である。 In the descending process, when the reference position Ps reaches the position Ps2 which is the transit position in the first section S1 described above, the lifting unit 30 is moved more than the backward movement amount Nb of the reference position Ps due to the rearward turning of the swinging unit 40. The respective movements of the elevating unit 30 and the swinging unit 40 are coordinated so that the downward movement amount Nd1 of the central axis A due to the lowering of is increased (Nb<Nd1). That is, in the first section S1 of the descending process, in the initial stage of the motion processing of the sitting motion, the support member 50 is lowered to the predetermined height H1 while supporting the upper half of the person being assisted rather than raising the upper half of the person being assisted. This is a priority section.

より具体的には、下降工程は、支持部材50の初期の角度(θmax)から着座動作の終了位置(Ps4)における支持部材50の角度(θmin)までの1/4以下の範囲に支持部材50の角度θを維持した状態で、着座動作の開始位置Ps1から所定高さH1まで支持部材50を下降させる動作を含む。ここで、図5の下段は、支持部材50の前後位置に応じた支持部材50の角度θを示す。支持部材50の角度θは、図2〜図4に示すように、鉛直軸に対して胴体支持部51の支持面がなす角度である。 More specifically, the descending step is performed within a range of ¼ or less from the initial angle (θmax) of the support member 50 to the angle (θmin) of the support member 50 at the seating operation end position (Ps4). The operation includes lowering the support member 50 from the seating start position Ps1 to the predetermined height H1 while maintaining the angle θ. Here, the lower part of FIG. 5 shows the angle θ of the support member 50 according to the front-back position of the support member 50. The angle θ of the support member 50 is an angle formed by the support surface of the body support portion 51 with respect to the vertical axis, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4.

支持部材50の角度θは、介助装置1の初期状態(図2を参照)において最大(θmax)であり、着座動作の動作処理の実行に伴い単調に減少し、介助装置1の終了状態(図4を参照)において最小(θmin)となる。そして、上記の支持部材50の所定高さH1は、支持部材50の初期の高さHsから着座動作の終了位置(Ps4)における支持部材50の高さHeまでの2/3下降したときの支持部材50の高さである。つまり、所定高さH1は、初期の高さHsと最終の高さHeの差分の約67%、初期の高さHsから下方の高さである。 The angle θ of the support member 50 is maximum (θmax) in the initial state of the assistance device 1 (see FIG. 2 ), monotonically decreases with the execution of the seating motion processing, and the assistance device 1 ends (see FIG. 2). 4), the minimum (θmin) is obtained. The predetermined height H1 of the support member 50 is 2/3 from the initial height Hs of the support member 50 to the height He of the support member 50 at the seating operation end position (Ps4). The height of the member 50. That is, the predetermined height H1 is about 67% of the difference between the initial height Hs and the final height He, which is the height below the initial height Hs.

上記のような構成によると、下降工程の初期段階において、支持部材50は、全旋回量の25%の後旋回する前に(即ち、第一区間S1だけ後退する前に)、全下降量の約67%以上下降するように移動される。さらに、本実施形態において、下降工程は、着座動作の開始位置Ps1から第二の所定高さH2まで支持部材50を下降させる動作を含む。第二の所定高さH2は、初期の高さHsと最終の高さHeの差分だけ初期の高さHsから下方の高さ、即ち、着座動作の終了位置(Ps4)における支持部材50の最終の高さHeに設定されている(H2=He)。下降工程は、その後に支持部材50の最終の高さHeよりもさらに下降した最下の高さHwまで昇降部30を下降させつつ、全旋回量の30%程度まで揺動部40を後旋回させる。 According to the above-described configuration, in the initial stage of the descending process, the support member 50 has a total descending amount of 25% of the total swiveling amount before the swiveling after the swiveling (that is, before the backward movement of the first section S1). It is moved to descend about 67% or more. Further, in the present embodiment, the lowering step includes an operation of lowering the support member 50 from the seating operation start position Ps1 to the second predetermined height H2. The second predetermined height H2 is a height below the initial height Hs by the difference between the initial height Hs and the final height He, that is, the final position of the support member 50 at the end position (Ps4) of the sitting motion. Is set to the height He (H2=He). In the descending process, the elevating unit 30 is then lowered to the lowest height Hw, which is further lowered from the final height He of the support member 50, and the swinging unit 40 is post-turned to about 30% of the total turning amount. Let

下降工程が終了して基準位置Psが位置Ps3に到達すると、被介助者Mは、図3に示す上半身が下降した中間姿勢に移行される。このとき、被介助者Mの臀部Mtは、椅子90の座面91に接触した状態となる。但し、被介助者Mの体格や座面91の高さ、支持部材50への被介助者Mの上半身の体重の預け度合いによっては、中間姿勢において被介助者Mの臀部Mtが座面91に接触するとは限らない。なお、中間姿勢において被介助者Mの重心の前後方向位置は、被介助者Mの足が足載置台14に接触する前後方向範囲の内部にある。よって、中間姿勢の被介助者Mは、自身の足により自身を安定して支え易い姿勢にある。なお、下降工程の一部または全部には、揺動部40の旋回動が含まれず、所定の高さH1まで昇降部30の下降させる動作のみを下降工程としてもよい。 When the reference position Ps reaches the position Ps3 after the lowering process is completed, the person being assisted M is moved to the intermediate posture in which the upper half of the body is lowered as shown in FIG. At this time, the buttocks Mt of the person being assisted M are in contact with the seat surface 91 of the chair 90. However, depending on the physique of the person being assisted M, the height of the seat surface 91, and the degree of depositing the weight of the upper half of the person being assisted by the support member 50, the buttocks Mt of the person being assisted M may be placed on the seat surface 91 in the intermediate posture. It does not always come into contact. In the intermediate posture, the position of the center of gravity of the person being assisted in the front-rear direction is inside the range in the front-rear direction in which the foot of the person being assisted M contacts the footrest 14. Therefore, the person M to be assisted in the intermediate posture is in a posture in which he/she can easily support himself/herself with his/her feet. It should be noted that part or all of the lowering process does not include the swinging motion of the swinging unit 40, and only the operation of lowering the elevating unit 30 to the predetermined height H1 may be the lowering process.

続いて、着座動作の動作処理が継続されて下降工程の後に、制御装置71は、被介助者Mを中間姿勢(図3を参照)から、被介助者Mの上半身が起こされた座位姿勢(図4を参照)とする後退工程を実行する。このとき、後退工程は、支持部材50が後退するように、揺動部40を後旋回させるとともに、揺動部40の後旋回に伴う中心軸Aに対する支持部材50の下方移動量Nd2(図6を参照)を消すように昇降部30を上昇させる。これにより、後退工程は、支持部材50に支持された被介助者Mを中間姿勢から上半身が起きた座位姿勢とする。 Subsequently, after the sitting process is continued and the descending step is performed, the control device 71 moves the person M to be assisted from the intermediate posture (see FIG. 3) to the sitting posture (up to the upper half of the person M). (See FIG. 4) is performed. At this time, in the retreating step, the swinging part 40 is pivoted rearward so that the support member 50 is retracted, and the downward movement amount Nd2 of the support member 50 with respect to the central axis A associated with the rearward pivoting of the swinging part 40 (FIG. 6). (See above), and the ascending/descending portion 30 is raised. As a result, in the retracting step, the person M to be assisted supported by the support member 50 is changed from the intermediate posture to the sitting posture in which the upper body is awake.

ここで、図6は、後退工程を実行の前後における介助装置1の各部位を、昇降部30を基準に示す。基準位置Psは、揺動部40が昇降部30の上部に設けられた中心軸A周りに旋回可能に設けられていることから、揺動部40の後旋回に伴って後退するとともに、下方移動量Nd2だけ下方へ移動する。これに対して、後退工程は、この基準位置Psの下方移動量Nd2の一部または全部を消すように昇降部30を上昇させる。本実施形態では、基準位置Psの下方移動量Nd2よりも上昇量Nuが大きくなるように昇降部30を上昇させる(Nd2<Nu)。これにより、基準位置Psは、下方移動量Nd2が相殺されて、さらに差分(Nu−Nd2)だけ全体として上昇する。 Here, FIG. 6 shows each part of the assistance device 1 before and after performing the retreat step with the elevating part 30 as a reference. Since the swinging portion 40 is swingably provided around the central axis A provided at the upper portion of the elevating portion 30, the reference position Ps moves backward and moves downward as the swinging portion 40 turns back. Move downward by the amount Nd2. On the other hand, in the retreating step, the elevating part 30 is raised so as to erase a part or all of the downward movement amount Nd2 of the reference position Ps. In the present embodiment, the elevation unit 30 is raised so that the amount of increase Nu is greater than the amount of downward movement Nd2 of the reference position Ps (Nd2<Nu). As a result, the reference position Ps rises as a whole by the difference (Nu-Nd2) because the downward movement amount Nd2 is offset.

結果として、後退工程は、図7に示すように、支持部材50に支持された被介助者Mを中間姿勢(図7の点線にて示す)から上半身が起きた座位姿勢(図7の実線にて示す)とする。このとき、基準位置Psは、図5に示すように、位置Ps3から位置Ps4まで移動軌跡Tdに沿って移動する。図5は、参考例として、昇降部30を下降させながら揺動部40を後旋回させた場合の支持部材50の移動軌跡Trを一点鎖線にて示す。 As a result, in the retreating step, as shown in FIG. 7, the person being assisted M supported by the support member 50 moves from the intermediate posture (shown by the dotted line in FIG. 7) to the sitting posture in which the upper half of the body rises (see the solid line in FIG. 7). Indicated)). At this time, the reference position Ps moves from the position Ps3 to the position Ps4 along the movement trajectory Td as shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows, as a reference example, the movement locus Tr of the support member 50 when the swinging part 40 is swung backward while lowering the elevating part 30, and is indicated by a chain line.

ところで、後退工程における基準位置Psの上下方向の移動量は、種々の値を設定することが可能である。本実施形態において、後退工程は、図7に示すように、支持部材50に支持された被介助者Mの肩Msおよび胸部Mbが後退しながら上昇するように支持部材50を移動させる。つまり、後退工程における基準位置Psの上昇量(Nu−Nd2)は、被介助者Mの肩Msよりも低い位置にある胸部Mbも上昇する程度の量に設定される。なお、被介助者Mの上半身は、胸部Mbよりも下方に向かうに従って後退工程における上昇量が小さくなる。 By the way, it is possible to set various values for the vertical movement amount of the reference position Ps in the backward movement process. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, in the retreating step, the support member 50 is moved so that the shoulder Ms and the chest Mb of the person being assisted M supported by the support member 50 rise while retreating. That is, the amount of increase (Nu-Nd2) of the reference position Ps in the retreat step is set to an amount such that the chest Mb located at a position lower than the shoulder Ms of the person being assisted M also rises. The upper body of the person being assisted M has a smaller amount of rise in the retracting step as it goes below the chest Mb.

なお、上記のように支持部材50を揺動させる後退工程において、基準位置Psよりも下方に位置する胴体支持部51の下端511は、下方へ単調に移動する。具体的には、後退工程における基準位置Psの移動(位置Ps3から位置Ps4への移動)に対応して、胴体支持部51の下端511は、図5に示すように、下端位置Pw3から下端位置Pw4まで下降する。これにより、被介助者Mの臀部Mtが座面91に確実に接触し、被介助者Mの体重が座面91に乗る状態となる。 In the retracting step of swinging the support member 50 as described above, the lower end 511 of the body support portion 51 located below the reference position Ps moves monotonically downward. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the lower end 511 of the body support portion 51 corresponds to the movement of the reference position Ps (movement from the position Ps3 to the position Ps4) in the backward movement process, as shown in FIG. It descends to Pw4. As a result, the buttocks Mt of the person being assisted M reliably contacts the seat surface 91, and the weight of the person being assisted M rides on the seat surface 91.

また、このとき、胴体支持部51の下端511は、基準位置Psの移動量(位置Ps3とPs4の距離)と比べて移動量(下端位置Pw3と下端位置Pw4の距離)が少なく、且つ僅かに前進しながら下降する。これにより、支持部材50に預けられていた被介助者Mの上半身の体重が徐々に抜けて、被介助者Mが自ら上半身を支えることが可能な座位姿勢に移行される。このような着座動作の終期において、座面91に臀部Mtが接触した状態で最終的に上半身を起こす動作は、健常者が着座動作する際の動作に近く、自然な動作である。また、後退工程の終了時に基準位置Psが到達する位置は、移動軌跡Td上において適宜変動し得る。例えば、制御装置71は、介助装置1への指令が入力されなくなった場合に、着座動作の動作処理の終了とする。 Further, at this time, the lower end 511 of the body support portion 51 has a smaller movement amount (distance between the lower end position Pw3 and the lower end position Pw4) compared to the movement amount at the reference position Ps (distance between the positions Ps3 and Ps4), and slightly. It descends while moving forward. As a result, the weight of the upper half of the person being assisted, who has been entrusted to the support member 50, gradually falls, and the person being assisted M shifts to a sitting posture in which he/she can support his/her upper body. At the end of such a sitting motion, the motion of finally raising the upper body with the buttocks Mt in contact with the seat surface 91 is a natural motion close to the motion when a healthy person is sitting. Further, the position reached by the reference position Ps at the end of the retreat step may appropriately change on the movement trajectory Td. For example, the control device 71 ends the operation process of the sitting motion when the instruction to the assistance device 1 is not input.

なお、本実施形態においては、下降工程および後退工程には、図5の下段に示すように、揺動部40を後旋回させる動作が含まれ、揺動部40を前旋回させる動作が含まれない。具体的には、図5の上段に示すように、基準位置Psの移動軌跡Tdは、前側から後側に単調に後退する。また、下降工程には、昇降部30を下降させる動作が含まれ、昇降部30を上昇させる動作が含まれない。一方で、後退工程には、昇降部30を上昇させる動作が含まれ、昇降部30を下降させる動作が含まれない。 In the present embodiment, the lowering process and the retreating process include an operation of turning the swinging unit 40 backward, and an operation of turning the swinging unit 40 forward, as shown in the lower part of FIG. Absent. Specifically, as shown in the upper part of FIG. 5, the movement trajectory Td of the reference position Ps monotonously retreats from the front side to the rear side. Further, the descending step includes an operation of lowering the elevating unit 30, but does not include an operation of elevating the elevating unit 30. On the other hand, the retreating step includes an operation of raising the elevating unit 30, but does not include an operation of lowering the elevating unit 30.

上記のように、着座動作の動作処理において下降工程および後退工程が一連で実行されると、図5に示すように、支持部材50は、後側に第一区間S1および第二区間S2を通過するように後退する。第一区間S1において、制御装置71は、支持部材50の上下方向の移動量が前後方向の移動量よりも常時大きくなるように、支持部材50の移動を制御する。また、第二区間S2において、制御装置71は、支持部材50の上下方向の移動量が前後方向の移動量よりも常時小さくなるように、支持部材50の移動を制御する。 As described above, when the descending process and the retracting process are performed in series in the seating operation process, the support member 50 passes the first section S1 and the second section S2 on the rear side, as shown in FIG. Retreat to do. In the first section S1, the control device 71 controls the movement of the support member 50 so that the vertical movement amount of the support member 50 is always larger than the frontward/rearward movement amount. Further, in the second section S2, the control device 71 controls the movement of the support member 50 so that the vertical movement amount of the support member 50 is always smaller than the frontward/rearward movement amount.

(2.実施形態の構成による効果)
介助装置1は、基台10と、被介助者Mの上半身を支持する支持部材50と、基台10に対して上下方向に直動する昇降部30と、昇降部30に設けられた中心軸A周りに旋回して支持部材50を揺動させる揺動部40と、被介助者Mの着座動作を補助する動作処理において、昇降部30の上下動および揺動部40の旋回動を協調させて支持部材50の移動を制御する制御装置71と、を備える。支持部材50と一体的に移動する位置に設定された基準位置Psの移動を支持部材50の移動と定義する。着座動作の動作処理には、揺動部40の後旋回に伴う基準位置Psの後方移動量Nbよりも昇降部30の下降による中心軸Aの下方移動量Nd1が大きくなるように昇降部30および揺動部40の各動作を協調させて、着座動作の開始位置から支持部材50を下降させる下降工程と、下降工程の後に、少なくとも揺動部40を後旋回させて、着座動作の終了位置まで支持部材50を後退させる後退工程と、が含まれる。
(2. Effect of the configuration of the embodiment)
The assistance device 1 includes a base 10, a support member 50 that supports the upper half of the person to be assisted M, an elevating part 30 that moves directly in the up-down direction with respect to the base 10, and a central shaft provided in the elevating part 30. In the operation processing for assisting the seating operation of the person being assisted M by the swinging portion 40 that swings around the A and swings the support member 50, the vertical movement of the lifting portion 30 and the swinging movement of the swinging portion 40 are coordinated. And a control device 71 that controls the movement of the support member 50. The movement of the reference position Ps, which is set to the position where the support member 50 moves integrally, is defined as the movement of the support member 50. In the operation processing of the seating motion, the elevating unit 30 and the lowering unit 30 are moved so that the downward moving amount Nd1 of the central axis A due to the lowering of the elevating unit 30 is larger than the backward moving amount Nb of the reference position Ps accompanying the rearward turning of the swinging unit 40. The lowering step of lowering the support member 50 from the start position of the seating operation by coordinating each operation of the swinging section 40, and after the lowering step, at least the swinging section 40 is swiveled rearward to the end position of the sitting operation. And a retreating step of retracting the support member 50.

ここで、揺動部40が後旋回すると、支持部材50は、後退するとともに角度θが小さくなる。そうすると、支持部材50に支持されたし介助者の上半身は、前傾した状態から起こされた状態に移行する。このとき、図5に示す参考例の移動軌跡Trのように支持部材50を移動させた場合に、被介助者Mの上半身が起きているのに臀部Mtが座面91に接触していないと、被介助者Mの負担が大きくなるおそれがある。 Here, when the rocking|swiveling part 40 turns back, the support member 50 retreats and the angle (theta) becomes small. Then, the upper half of the body of the caregiver supported by the support member 50 shifts from the forward leaning state to the awake state. At this time, when the support member 50 is moved along the movement trajectory Tr of the reference example shown in FIG. 5, the upper body of the person being assisted M is awake but the buttocks Mt are not in contact with the seat surface 91. The burden on the person being assisted M may increase.

これに対して、介助装置1は、着座動作の動作処理の下降工程において、基準位置Psの後方移動量Nbよりも中心軸Aの下方移動量Nd1が大きくなるように(Nb<Nd1)、昇降部30の上下動と揺動部40の旋回動を協調させて支持部材50の移動を制御する。これにより、下降工程において揺動部40の後旋回によって支持部材50がある程度起こされる前に支持部材50を所定高さH1まで下降できる。このとき、被介助者Mは、上半身が前傾した状態から起こされる前に、上半身が前傾したまま腰部Mmが立位姿勢より下がった中間姿勢に移行される。よって、立位姿勢から中間姿勢に移行するまでの期間において被介助者Mの上半身を確実に支持でき、被介助者Mの負担をより軽減することができる。 On the other hand, the assistance device 1 moves up and down so that the downward movement amount Nd1 of the central axis A is larger than the backward movement amount Nb of the reference position Ps (Nb<Nd1) in the descending step of the sitting operation process. The movement of the support member 50 is controlled by coordinating the vertical movement of the portion 30 and the turning movement of the swinging portion 40. Thereby, the support member 50 can be lowered to the predetermined height H1 before the support member 50 is raised to some extent by the rearward turning of the swinging portion 40 in the lowering step. At this time, the person being assisted M is moved to an intermediate posture in which the waist Mm is lowered from the standing posture while the upper body is tilted forward before being awakened from the state where the upper body is tilted forward. Therefore, the upper half of the person to be assisted M can be reliably supported during the period from the standing posture to the intermediate posture, and the burden on the person to be assisted M can be further reduced.

そして、その後に実行される後退工程において揺動部40が後旋回されることで、被介助者Mの上半身は前傾した状態から起こされた状態に移行する。同時に、被介助者Mの臀部Mtは、揺動部40の後旋回に伴って徐々に下降し、座面91にゆっくりと接触する。このように支持部材50を移動させることによって、被介助者Mの上半身を確実に支持しつつ座位姿勢に移行できるので、着座動作の補助の際の被介助者Mの負担をより軽減することができる。 Then, the swinging portion 40 is swung backward in the retreat step performed thereafter, whereby the upper half of the person to be assisted M transitions from the forward leaning state to the raised state. At the same time, the buttocks Mt of the person being assisted M gradually descends with the rearward turning of the swinging unit 40, and slowly contacts the seat surface 91. By moving the support member 50 in this way, it is possible to shift to the sitting posture while surely supporting the upper half of the person being assisted, and thus the burden on the person being assisted M in assisting the sitting motion can be further reduced. it can.

また、支持部材50は、面状に形成され、被介助者Mの上半身のうち胴体の前面に面接触して胴体を支持する胴体支持部51を有する。基準位置Psは、胴体支持部51のうち胴体に接触する部位の上端に設定される。 In addition, the support member 50 has a body support portion 51 that is formed in a planar shape and that is in surface contact with the front surface of the body of the person to be assisted M to support the body. The reference position Ps is set at the upper end of the portion of the body supporting portion 51 that contacts the body.

このような構成によると、被介助者Mは胴体支持部51に上半身が面接触して支持される。下降工程は、胴体支持部51のうち胴体に接触する部位の上端に設定された基準位置Psと、中心軸Aとが適宜移動するように昇降部30の上下動と揺動部40の旋回動を協調させる。これにより、下降工程において被介助者Mの胴体は、上半身が前傾したまま腰部Mmが立位姿勢より下がった中間姿勢に移行される。よって、前傾する被介助者Mの上半身が自然な動作で支持され、被介助者Mの負担をより軽減することができる。 According to such a configuration, the person M to be assisted is supported by the upper body of the torso supporter 51 in surface contact therewith. In the lowering step, the reference position Ps set at the upper end of the body contact portion of the body support portion 51 and the center axis A are moved appropriately so that the vertical movement of the elevating portion 30 and the swing movement of the swinging portion 40. To coordinate. As a result, in the descending step, the body of the person being assisted M is transitioned to the intermediate posture in which the waist portion Mm is lowered from the standing posture while the upper body is tilted forward. Therefore, the upper half of the person M to lean forward is supported by a natural motion, and the burden on the person M to be assisted can be further reduced.

また、下降工程は、昇降部30および揺動部40の各動作を協調させて、支持部材50の初期の角度(θmax)から着座動作の終了位置における支持部材50の角度(θmin)までの1/4以下の範囲に支持部材50の角度θを維持した状態で、着座動作の開始位置から所定高さH1まで支持部材50を下降させる動作を含む。所定高さH1は、支持部材50の初期の高さから着座動作の終了位置における支持部材50の高さまでの2/3下降したときの支持部材50の高さである。 Further, in the descending step, the respective operations of the elevating part 30 and the swinging part 40 are coordinated, and 1 operation from the initial angle (θmax) of the support member 50 to the angle (θmin) of the support member 50 at the end position of the seating operation is performed. In the state where the angle θ of the support member 50 is maintained within a range of /4 or less, the operation of lowering the support member 50 from the seating start position to the predetermined height H1 is included. The predetermined height H1 is the height of the support member 50 when it is lowered by 2/3 from the initial height of the support member 50 to the height of the support member 50 at the end position of the seating operation.

中心軸A周りに旋回する揺動部40を備える介助装置1において、揺動部40が支持部材50を後方移動させるために後旋回すると、当該後旋回に伴って支持部材50の角度θが小さくなり被介助者Mの上半身が起こされる。被介助者Mの臀部Mtが座面91に接触する前に被介助者Mの上半身がある程度まで起こされると、上半身が支持部材50からずり落ちるような状態となり被介助者Mの負担が大きくなるおそれがある。 In the assistance device 1 including the swinging portion 40 that swings around the central axis A, when the swinging portion 40 makes a rearward turn to move the support member 50 backward, the angle θ of the support member 50 becomes smaller along with the rearward turn. The upper half of the person being assisted M is awakened. If the upper half of the person to be assisted M is raised to a certain extent before the buttocks Mt of the person to be assisted M come into contact with the seat surface 91, the state of the upper body to slip off the support member 50 may increase the burden on the person to be assisted M. There is.

そこで、下降工程は、揺動部40が後旋回すべき角度の25%を後旋回する前に、下降すべき高さの約67%を下降するように、昇降部30の上下動と揺動部40の旋回動を協調させる。これにより、被介助者Mの上半身が起こされる前に被介助者Mの腰部Mmや上半身を十分に下降させることができる。よって、下降工程において、被介助者Mの上半身を確実に支持することができる。また、その後に、被介助者Mの上半身の重心が低い状態で起こされることになり、被介助者Mの負担を軽減することができる。 Therefore, in the lowering process, the vertical movement and the swinging of the elevating part 30 are performed so as to lower about 67% of the height to be lowered before the swinging part 40 is turned to 25% of the angle to be turned backward. The turning movement of the part 40 is coordinated. As a result, the waist Mm and the upper half of the person to be assisted M can be sufficiently lowered before the upper half of the person to be assisted M is raised. Therefore, in the descending step, the upper half of the person to be assisted M can be reliably supported. In addition, after that, the upper half of the body of the person being assisted M is raised in a state where the center of gravity of the person being assisted is low, and the burden on the person being assisted M can be reduced.

また、下降工程および後退工程には、揺動部40を後旋回させる動作が含まれ、揺動部40を前旋回させる動作が含まれない。
このような構成によると、着座動作の動作処理において、被介助者Mの胴体の角度は、起こされる方向のみに変化することになる。健常者であれば、着座動作における胴体は、傾動方向が途中で反転する。これに対して、下降工程および後退工程を上記のような構成とすることで、被介助者Mの下半身のみを屈曲させて立位姿勢から座位姿勢とする着座動作の補助を目的とする動作処理により対応でき、本発明の適用は特に有用である。
Further, the descending step and the retreating step include an operation of turning the swinging portion 40 backward, and do not include an operation of turning the swinging portion 40 forward.
According to such a configuration, in the seating motion processing, the angle of the body of the person being assisted M changes only in the rising direction. If the person is a normal person, the tilting direction of the body in the sitting motion is reversed halfway. On the other hand, by configuring the descending step and the retracting step as described above, an operation process for the purpose of assisting the sitting operation in which only the lower half of the person M to be assisted is bent to change from the standing posture to the sitting posture. The application of the present invention is particularly useful.

(3.実施形態の変形態様)
(3−1.支持部材50の移動について)
実施形態において、着座動作の動作処理における下降工程は、位置Ps1から位置Ps3まで移動する区間のうち一部の区間(図5および図8の第一区間S1)において、揺動部40の後旋回に伴う基準位置Psの後方移動量Nbよりも昇降部30の下降による中心軸Aの下方移動量Nd1が大きくなるように昇降部30および揺動部40の各動作を協調させて、着座動作の開始位置(Ps1)から支持部材50を下降させる構成とした。
(3. Modification of Embodiment)
(3-1. Movement of the support member 50)
In the embodiment, the lowering step in the operation process of the seating operation includes the rearward turning of the swinging unit 40 in a part of the section moving from the position Ps1 to the position Ps3 (first section S1 in FIGS. 5 and 8). The lowering movement amount Nd1 of the central axis A due to the lowering of the raising and lowering portion 30 becomes larger than the backward movement amount Nb of the reference position Ps associated with the movement of the raising and lowering portion 30 and the swinging portion 40 in cooperation with each other. The support member 50 is lowered from the start position (Ps1).

このとき、制御装置71は、第一区間S1における基準位置Psの後方移動量Nbと中心軸Aの下方移動量Nd1に基づいて支持部材50の移動を制御する他に、基準位置Psと中心軸Aの移動速度に基づいて支持部材50の移動を制御してもよい。つまり、着座動作の動作処理には、揺動部40の後旋回に伴う基準位置Psの後方への移動速度よりも昇降部30の下降による下方への中心軸Aの移動速度が大きくなるように昇降部30および揺動部40の各動作を協調させて、着座動作の開始位置から支持部材50を下降させる下降工程が含まれる。 At this time, the control device 71 controls the movement of the support member 50 based on the backward movement amount Nb of the reference position Ps and the downward movement amount Nd1 of the central axis A in the first section S1, and also controls the reference position Ps and the central axis. The movement of the support member 50 may be controlled based on the moving speed of A. That is, in the operation processing of the seating operation, the downward movement speed of the central axis A due to the lowering of the elevating portion 30 is higher than the rearward movement speed of the reference position Ps accompanying the rearward turning of the swinging portion 40. The lowering step of lowering the support member 50 from the seating operation start position by coordinating the respective operations of the elevating unit 30 and the swinging unit 40 is included.

具体的には、下降工程は、図8に示すように、上記の第一区間S1において基準位置Psが経由位置である位置Ps2に到達した時点で、揺動部40の後旋回に伴う基準位置Psの後方への移動速度Vrよりも中心軸Aの下方への移動速度Vwが大きくなるように(Vr<Vw)、昇降部30の上下動と揺動部40の旋回動を協調させる。つまり、下降工程の第一区間S1は、着座動作の動作処理の初期段階において、被介助者Mの上半身を後退させるよりも、上半身を支持したまま所定高さH1まで支持部材50を下降させることを優先させる区間である。これにより、実施形態と同様の効果を奏する。 Specifically, in the descending step, as shown in FIG. 8, when the reference position Ps reaches the position Ps2 which is the transit position in the first section S1 described above, the reference position associated with the rearward turning of the swing unit 40 is used. The vertical movement of the elevation unit 30 and the swing movement of the swinging unit 40 are coordinated so that the downward movement speed Vw of the central axis A is higher than the backward movement speed Vr of Ps (Vr<Vw). That is, in the first section S1 of the descending step, the support member 50 is lowered to the predetermined height H1 while supporting the upper body of the person being assisted M rather than retracting the upper body of the person being assisted in the initial stage of the operation processing of the sitting motion. Is a section where priority is given to. Thereby, the same effect as that of the embodiment is achieved.

また、実施形態において、基準位置Psは、胴体支持部51のうち被介助者Mの胴体に接触する部位の上端に設定されるものとした。これに対して、基準位置Psは、支持部材50と一体的に移動する位置に設定されたものであればよい。例えば、基準位置Psは、支持部材50が実施形態にて例示したように脇支持部52を備える構成において、被介助者Mの脇の位置に設定される構成としてもよい。 Further, in the embodiment, the reference position Ps is set to the upper end of the part of the body support portion 51 that comes into contact with the body of the person being assisted M. On the other hand, the reference position Ps may be set to a position that moves integrally with the support member 50. For example, the reference position Ps may be set to a position on the armpit of the person being assisted M in the structure in which the support member 50 includes the armpit support portion 52 as illustrated in the embodiment.

ここで、被介助者Mは脇支持部52によって支持されると、支持部材50に対する被介助者Mの脇の位置が決定する。そのため、被介助者Mの体格が異なっていても、被介助者Mの脇の位置は概ね一定となる。そこで、脇支持部52の位置に対応する被介助者Mの脇の位置に設定された基準位置Psと、中心軸Aとが適宜移動するように昇降部30の上下動と揺動部40の旋回動を協調させる。これにより、下降工程において被介助者Mは、上半身が前傾したまま腰部Mmが立位姿勢より下がった中間姿勢に移行される。よって、前傾する被介助者Mの上半身が自然な動作で支持され、被介助者Mの負担をより軽減することができる。 Here, when the person M to be assisted is supported by the armpit support portion 52, the position of the person M to be assisted on the side with respect to the support member 50 is determined. Therefore, even if the person M to be assisted has a different physique, the position beside the person M to be assisted is substantially constant. Therefore, the reference position Ps set at the armpit position of the person being assisted M corresponding to the position of the armpit support part 52 and the vertical movement of the elevating part 30 and the swinging part 40 are appropriately moved. Coordinate the turning motion. As a result, in the descending step, the person being assisted M is transitioned to an intermediate posture in which the waist Mm is lowered from the standing posture while the upper body is tilted forward. Therefore, the upper half of the person M to lean forward is supported by a natural motion, and the burden on the person M to be assisted can be further reduced.

また、基準位置Psは、胴体支持部51に支持された被介助者Mの胴体と胴体支持部51の接触点を3点以上含む仮想平面と中心軸Aから仮想平面に垂らした垂線との交点に設定される構成としてもよい。ここで、支持部材50は、面状に形成され、被介助者Mの上半身のうち胴体の前面に面接触して胴体を支持する胴体支持部51を有する。そのため、被介助者Mの体格が異なっていても、胴体支持部51の角度を被介助者Mの上半身の角度とみなすことができる。 Further, the reference position Ps is an intersection of a virtual plane including three or more contact points between the body of the person being assisted M supported by the body support portion 51 and the body support portion 51 and a perpendicular line hung from the central axis A to the virtual plane. The configuration may be set to. Here, the support member 50 has a body support portion 51 that is formed in a planar shape and is in surface contact with the front surface of the body of the person to be assisted M to support the body. Therefore, even if the person to be assisted M has a different physique, the angle of the body support portion 51 can be regarded as the angle of the upper half of the person to be assisted M.

そこで、下降工程は、胴体と胴体支持部51の接触点を3以上含む仮想平面に直交し且つ中心軸Aを通る垂線上に設定された基準位置Psが後方移動量よりも下方移動量が大きくなるように、昇降部30の上下動と揺動部40の旋回動を協調させる。これにより、下降工程において被介助者Mの胴体は、支持部材50の移動に伴って前後方向の位置を概ね維持されたまま下降することになる。よって、下降する被介助者Mの上半身が自然な動作で支持され、被介助者Mの負担をより軽減することができる。 Therefore, in the descending step, the reference position Ps set on the perpendicular line that is orthogonal to the virtual plane including the contact points of the body and the body support portion 51 of 3 or more and that passes through the central axis A has a larger downward movement amount than the backward movement amount. Thus, the vertical movement of the elevating part 30 and the turning movement of the swinging part 40 are coordinated. As a result, in the descending step, the body of the person being assisted M descends while the position in the front-rear direction is generally maintained as the support member 50 moves. Therefore, the upper half of the descending person to be assisted M is supported by a natural motion, and the burden on the person to be assisted M can be further reduced.

その他に、基準位置Psは、被介助者Mの身体の一部であって、例えば肩Msや胸部Mbに設定してもよい。また、基準位置Psは、中心軸Aから伸びるアーム42の延長線上であって、当該延長線と胴体支持部51の支持面との交点としてもよい。このような構成においても実施形態と同様の効果を奏する。 In addition, the reference position Ps may be a part of the body of the person being assisted M, and may be set, for example, on the shoulder Ms or the chest Mb. The reference position Ps may be on the extension line of the arm 42 extending from the central axis A, and may be the intersection of the extension line and the support surface of the body support portion 51. Even in such a configuration, the same effect as that of the embodiment can be obtained.

(3−2.下降工程における所定高さH1,H2について)
実施形態において、下降工程が支持部材50を下降させる所定高さH1は、支持部材50の初期の高さHsから着座動作の終了位置(Ps4)における支持部材50の高さHeまでの2/3下降したときの支持部材50の高さである構成とした。また、実施形態において、下降工程は、着座動作の開始位置Ps1から第二の所定高さH2まで支持部材50を下降させる動作を含む。この他に、上記の所定高さH1,H2は、被介助者Mの上半身を起こすよりも、上半身を支持したまま十分に下降させることを優先できる高さであれば種々の高さを採用し得る。
(3-2. Predetermined heights H1 and H2 in the descending step)
In the embodiment, the predetermined height H1 at which the supporting member 50 is lowered in the lowering step is 2/3 from the initial height Hs of the supporting member 50 to the height He of the supporting member 50 at the end position (Ps4) of the seating operation. The height of the support member 50 when lowered is set. In the embodiment, the lowering step includes an operation of lowering the support member 50 from the seating operation start position Ps1 to the second predetermined height H2. In addition to the above, the predetermined heights H1 and H2 are set to various heights as long as it is possible to give priority to lowering the upper half of the person being assisted M sufficiently while supporting the upper half of the person being assisted. obtain.

例えば、第三の所定高さH3は、揺動部40の可動範囲の全域で旋回させたときに当該旋回に伴う中心軸Aに対する支持部材50の上下方向の移動量を、着座動作の終了位置(Ps4)における支持部材50の高さ(He)に加えた高さである構成としてもよい。揺動部40の可動範囲が鉛直方向から角度αであり、中心軸Aと基準位置Psとの距離が半径Rであると仮定すると(図8を参照)、上記の上下方向の移動量は、R(1−COSα)となる。よって、第三の所定の高さH3は、H3=He+R(1−COSα)で表される。 For example, the third predetermined height H3 is the vertical movement amount of the support member 50 with respect to the central axis A associated with the turning when the swinging portion 40 is swung in the entire movable range. The height may be added to the height (He) of the support member 50 at (Ps4). Assuming that the movable range of the oscillating portion 40 is an angle α from the vertical direction and the distance between the central axis A and the reference position Ps is a radius R (see FIG. 8), the above vertical movement amount is It becomes R(1-COSα). Therefore, the third predetermined height H3 is represented by H3=He+R(1-COSα).

このような構成によると、下降工程は、下降工程の実行後の後退工程において少なくとも揺動部40の後旋回のみで着座動作を終了可能な高さまで支持部材50を下降可能な状態にできる。これにより、被介助者Mの上半身が起こされる前に被介助者Mの腰部Mmや上半身を十分に下降させることができる。よって、下降工程において、被介助者Mの上半身を確実に支持することができる。また、その後に、被介助者Mの上半身の重心が低い状態で起こされることになり、被介助者Mの負担を軽減することができる。 With such a configuration, in the descending step, the supporting member 50 can be lowered to a height at which the seating operation can be completed at least only by the rearward turning of the swinging portion 40 in the retreating step after the descending step is executed. As a result, the waist Mm and the upper half of the person to be assisted M can be sufficiently lowered before the upper half of the person to be assisted M is raised. Therefore, in the descending step, the upper half of the person to be assisted M can be reliably supported. In addition, after that, the upper half of the person to be assisted M is awakened in a state where the center of gravity of the upper body is low, and the burden on the person to be assisted M can be reduced.

また、下降工程は、着座動作の開始位置から終了位置までの支持部材50の移動に伴って後旋回する揺動部40の角度範囲(θmax−θmin=α)の1/4以下に揺動部40の後旋回の角度を維持した状態で、着座動作の終了位置(Ps4)における中心軸Aの高さHeまで中心軸Aを下方移動させる動作を含んでもよい。つまり、下降工程は、揺動部40がα/4だけ後旋回する前に、中心軸Aを初期の中心軸位置Pc1の高さから、最終の中心軸位置Pc4の高さに等しい高さの中心軸位置Pc1−2まで下方移動させる。 In the lowering process, the swinging portion is moved to ¼ or less of the angular range (θmax−θmin=α) of the swinging portion 40 which is swung backward with the movement of the support member 50 from the start position to the end position of the seating operation. An operation of moving the central axis A downward to the height He of the central axis A at the seating operation end position (Ps4) may be included while maintaining the angle of the rearward turning of 40. That is, in the descending step, the central axis A is moved from the height of the initial central axis position Pc1 to the height of the final central axis position Pc4 before the swinging portion 40 is turned backward by α/4. It is moved downward to the central axis position Pc1-2.

なお、本変形態様においては、図8に示すように、下降工程は、揺動部40がα/10だけ後旋回する前に、中心軸Aを中心軸位置Pc1−2まで下方移動させる。このとき、支持部材50の基準位置Psは、図8の上段に示すように、経由位置である位置Ps1−2を通過する。このような構成によると、下降工程の初期段階において、被介助者Mの上半身が起こされる前に被介助者Mの腰部Mmや上半身を十分に下降させることができる。よって、下降工程において、被介助者Mの上半身を確実に支持することができる。また、その後に、被介助者Mの上半身の重心が低い状態で起こされることになり、被介助者Mの負担を軽減することができる。 In the present modification, as shown in FIG. 8, in the lowering step, the central axis A is moved downward to the central axis position Pc1-2 before the swinging portion 40 turns back by α/10. At this time, the reference position Ps of the support member 50 passes through the position Ps1-2 which is the transit position, as shown in the upper part of FIG. With such a configuration, in the initial stage of the descending process, the waist Mm and the upper body of the person being assisted M can be sufficiently lowered before the upper body of the person being assisted M is raised. Therefore, in the descending step, the upper half of the person to be assisted M can be reliably supported. In addition, after that, the upper half of the person to be assisted M is awakened in a state where the center of gravity of the upper body is low, and the burden on the person to be assisted M can be reduced.

(3−3.協調動作について)
実施形態において、制御装置71は、基準位置Psが図5および図8に示す移動軌跡Tdに沿って移動するように、昇降部30の上下動および揺動部40の旋回動を協調させて支持部材50の移動を制御する。ここで、後退工程は、図6に示すように、基準位置Psの下方移動量Nd2よりも上昇量Nuが大きくなるように昇降部30を上昇させる(Nd2<Nu)。これにより、移動軌跡Tdは、図5および図8に示すように、終了位置(Ps4)よりも低い経由位置(Ps3)を有する下方凸状の曲線に形成される。
(3-3. About cooperative operation)
In the embodiment, the control device 71 supports the vertical movement of the elevating part 30 and the swinging motion of the swinging part 40 in a coordinated manner so that the reference position Ps moves along the movement trajectory Td shown in FIGS. 5 and 8. The movement of the member 50 is controlled. Here, in the retreating step, as shown in FIG. 6, the elevating part 30 is raised so that the amount of increase Nu is greater than the amount of downward movement Nd2 of the reference position Ps (Nd2<Nu). As a result, the movement trajectory Td is formed into a downward convex curve having a transit position (Ps3) lower than the end position (Ps4), as shown in FIGS. 5 and 8.

これに対して、制御装置71は、下降工程における諸条件の範囲(Nb<Nd1、または、Vr<Vw)であれば、昇降部30および揺動部40の各動作の協調によって基準位置Psを種々の移動軌跡に沿って移動させることができる。例えば、制御装置71は、図8の破線で示す第二の移動軌跡Td2に沿って基準位置Psを移動させてもよい。この第二の移動軌跡Td2は、基準位置Psが開始位置(Ps1)から終了位置(Ps4)に向かって高さが単調に減少する軌跡であって、終了位置(Ps4)よりも低い経由位置を有しない曲線に形成される。このような構成においても実施形態と同様の効果を奏する。 On the other hand, if the control device 71 is in the range of various conditions (Nb<Nd1 or Vr<Vw) in the lowering process, the control device 71 determines the reference position Ps by the cooperation of the respective operations of the elevating unit 30 and the swinging unit 40. It can be moved along various trajectories. For example, the control device 71 may move the reference position Ps along the second movement trajectory Td2 indicated by the broken line in FIG. The second movement locus Td2 is a locus in which the height of the reference position Ps decreases monotonically from the start position (Ps1) to the end position (Ps4), and is defined as a transit position lower than the end position (Ps4). It is formed into a curve that does not have. Even in such a configuration, the same effect as that of the embodiment can be obtained.

実施形態において、着座動作を補助する動作処理において、下降工程および後退工程のそれぞれには、揺動部40を後旋回させる動作が含まれ、揺動部40を前旋回させる動作が含まれないものとした。これに対して、例えば介助水準の相違により立位姿勢において被介助者Mの上半身をある程度起こす必要がある場合には、少なくとも一方の工程に揺動部40の前旋回が含まれるように、昇降部30の上下動と揺動部40の旋回動を協調させて支持部材50の移動を制御する構成としてもよい。 In the embodiment, in the operation process for assisting the sitting motion, each of the lowering process and the retreating process includes an operation of turning the swinging unit 40 backward, and does not include an operation of turning the swinging unit 40 forward. And On the other hand, for example, when it is necessary to raise the upper half of the person to be assisted M to some extent in the standing posture due to the difference in the assistance level, at least one of the steps includes raising and lowering the swinging portion 40 so as to move up and down. The vertical movement of the portion 30 and the turning movement of the swinging portion 40 may be coordinated to control the movement of the support member 50.

また、着座動作の動作処理は、一連で実行される下降工程と後退工程との2工程により構成されるものとした。これに対して、着座動作の動作処理には、別の工程が適宜含まれるようにしてもよい。例えば、動作処理には、介助装置1を現在状態から初期状態とするための準備工程や、一端実行された各工程を中止した後に再開した場合の復旧工程などが含まれ得る。制御装置71は、これらの介助装置1の状態と入力される指令に基づいて、各種工程を組み合わせて、昇降部30の上下動と揺動部40の旋回動を協調させて支持部材50の移動を制御する構成としてもよい。 In addition, the operation process of the seating motion is configured to include two steps of a descending step and a retreating step that are executed in series. On the other hand, another process may be appropriately included in the operation process of the sitting motion. For example, the operation process may include a preparatory process for setting the assistance device 1 from the current state to the initial state, a recovery process when the temporarily executed processes are restarted after being stopped, and the like. The control device 71 combines various processes based on the state of the assistance device 1 and an input command, and moves the support member 50 by coordinating the vertical movement of the elevating part 30 and the pivoting motion of the swinging part 40. May be controlled.

また、着座動作の動作処理に含まれる下降工程は、上記のように、支持部材50を傾動させるとともに下降させる工程である。具体的には、下降工程の始点は、介助装置1の初期状態である。また、下降工程の終点、および後退工程の始点は、実施形態にて例示したように、一連で動作処理が実行された場合に昇降部30が最も下降したときの状態とすることができる。そして、後退工程の終点は、被介助者Mが座位姿勢となるように、支持部材50が所定の位置に到達したときの状態である。 Further, the lowering step included in the operation processing of the seating operation is a step of tilting and lowering the support member 50 as described above. Specifically, the starting point of the descending process is the initial state of the assistance device 1. Further, the end point of the descending process and the start point of the retreating process can be set to the state when the elevating unit 30 is most lowered when a series of operation processes are executed, as illustrated in the embodiment. Then, the end point of the retracting step is a state when the support member 50 reaches a predetermined position so that the person being assisted M assumes a sitting posture.

実施形態では上記のように下降工程および後退工程を定義したが、その他に昇降部30の高さや揺動部40の角度、移動軌跡Tdにおける支持部材50の位置や角度、被介助者Mの姿勢などによって工程を区分してもよい。何れの区分においても、立位姿勢から中間姿勢まで移行させる下降工程において、実施形態にて例示したように、基準位置Psの後方移動と中心軸Aの下方移動を適宜制御することによって、被介助者Mの負担を軽減することができる。 In the embodiment, the descending process and the retracting process are defined as described above, but in addition, the height of the elevating unit 30, the angle of the swinging unit 40, the position and angle of the support member 50 on the movement trajectory Td, and the posture of the person being assisted M. You may classify a process by the etc. In any of the divisions, in the descending step of shifting from the standing posture to the intermediate posture, as described in the embodiment, the rearward movement of the reference position Ps and the downward movement of the central axis A are appropriately controlled to assist the assistance. The burden on the person M can be reduced.

1:介助装置
10:基台
11:フレーム、 12:支柱、 13:固定カバー
14:足載置台、 141:接地マーク
15:下腿当て部、 151:支持アーム
16:前車輪、 17,18:車輪
20:駆動装置、 21:昇降駆動部、 22:揺動駆動部
30:昇降部
31:昇降本体、 32:揺動支持部、 33:昇降カバー
40:揺動部
41:揺動本体、 42:アーム、 43:第一ハンドル
50:支持部材
51:胴体支持部、 511:下端
52:脇支持部、 53:第二ハンドル
70:制御ユニット、 71:制御装置
90:椅子、 91:座面
A:中心軸、 F:床面
M:被介助者
Ms:肩、 Mb:胸部、 Mm:腰部、 Mt:臀部
Ps:基準位置
Td,Tr:(基準位置の)移動軌跡、 Tc:(中心軸の)移動軌跡
Nd1:(下降工程における中心軸の)下方移動量
Nd2:(後退工程における基準位置の)下方移動量
Nu:上昇量、 Nb:後方移動量
H1:所定高さ、 Hs:初期の高さ、 He:最終の高さ
1: Assistance device 10: Base 11: Frame, 12: Strut, 13: Fixed cover 14: Foot rest, 141: Ground mark 15: Lower leg rest, 151: Support arm 16: Front wheel, 17, 18: Wheel 20: Drive device, 21: Lifting drive part, 22: Swinging drive part 30: Lifting part 31: Lifting body, 32: Swinging support part, 33: Lifting cover 40: Swinging part 41: Swinging body, 42: Arm, 43: First handle 50: Support member 51: Body support part, 511: Lower end 52: Side support part, 53: Second handle 70: Control unit, 71: Control device 90: Chair, 91: Seat surface A: Central axis, F: Floor surface M: Assisted person Ms: Shoulder, Mb: Chest, Mm: Waist, Mt: Hip Ps: Reference position Td, Tr: (reference position) movement locus, Tc: (center axis) Movement locus Nd1: downward movement amount (of the central axis in the lowering process) Nd2: downward movement amount (of the reference position in the backward movement process) Nu: rising amount, Nb: backward moving amount H1: predetermined height, Hs: initial height , He: final height

Claims (10)

基台と、
被介助者の上半身を支持する支持部材と、
前記基台に対して上下方向に直動する昇降部と、
前記昇降部に設けられた中心軸周りに旋回して前記支持部材を揺動させる揺動部と、
前記被介助者の着座動作を補助する動作処理において、前記昇降部の上下動および前記揺動部の旋回動を協調させて前記支持部材の移動を制御する制御装置と、を備え、
前記支持部材と一体的に移動する位置に設定された基準位置の移動を前記支持部材の移動と定義し、
前記着座動作の前記動作処理には、
前記揺動部の後旋回に伴う前記基準位置の後方移動量よりも前記昇降部の下降による前記中心軸の下方移動量が大きくなるように前記昇降部および前記揺動部の各動作を協調させて、前記着座動作の開始位置から前記支持部材を下降させる下降工程と、
前記下降工程の後に、少なくとも前記揺動部を後旋回させて、前記着座動作の終了位置まで前記支持部材を後退させる後退工程と、が含まれる介助装置。
Base
A support member for supporting the upper body of the person being assisted,
An elevating section that moves vertically with respect to the base,
A swinging unit that swings around the central axis provided in the elevating unit to swing the support member;
A control device that controls the movement of the support member by coordinating the vertical movement of the elevating portion and the swing movement of the swinging portion in the operation process for assisting the seated movement of the person being assisted;
The movement of the reference position set to a position that moves integrally with the support member is defined as the movement of the support member,
The operation processing of the sitting motion,
The respective operations of the elevating part and the oscillating part are coordinated so that the amount of downward movement of the central axis due to the lowering of the elevating part is larger than the amount of rearward movement of the reference position accompanying the rearward turning of the oscillating part. A descending step of descending the supporting member from the starting position of the seating operation,
After the lowering step, a retreating step of revolving at least the swinging section to retreat the support member to the end position of the seating operation is included.
基台と、
被介助者の上半身を支持する支持部材と、
前記基台に対して上下方向に直動する昇降部と、
前記昇降部に設けられた中心軸周りに旋回して前記支持部材を揺動させる揺動部と、
前記被介助者の着座動作を補助する動作処理において、前記昇降部の上下動および前記揺動部の旋回動を協調させて前記支持部材の移動を制御する制御装置と、を備え、
前記支持部材と一体的に移動する位置に設定された基準位置の移動を前記支持部材の移動と定義し、
前記着座動作の前記動作処理には、
前記揺動部の後旋回に伴う前記基準位置の後方への前記基準位置の移動速度よりも前記昇降部の下降による下方への前記中心軸の移動速度が大きくなるように前記昇降部および前記揺動部の各動作を協調させて、前記着座動作の開始位置から前記支持部材を下降させる下降工程と、
前記下降工程の後に、少なくとも前記揺動部を後旋回させて、前記着座動作の終了位置まで前記支持部材を後退させる後退工程と、が含まれる介助装置。
Base
A support member for supporting the upper body of the person being assisted,
An elevating section that moves vertically with respect to the base,
A swinging unit that swings around the central axis provided in the elevating unit to swing the support member;
A control device that controls the movement of the support member by coordinating the vertical movement of the elevating portion and the swing movement of the swinging portion in the operation process for assisting the seated movement of the person being assisted;
The movement of the reference position set to a position that moves integrally with the support member is defined as the movement of the support member,
The operation processing of the sitting motion,
The elevating part and the oscillating part are arranged so that the moving speed of the central axis downward due to the lowering of the elevating part is higher than the moving speed of the reference position to the rear of the reference position due to the rear turning of the oscillating part. A lowering step of lowering the support member from the starting position of the seating operation in cooperation with each operation of the moving part,
After the lowering step, a retreating step of revolving at least the swinging section to retreat the support member to the end position of the seating operation is included.
前記支持部材は、面状に形成され、前記被介助者の前記上半身のうち胴体の前面に面接触して前記胴体を支持する胴体支持部を有し、
前記基準位置は、前記胴体支持部のうち前記胴体に接触する部位の上端に設定される、請求項1または2に記載の介助装置。
The support member is formed in a planar shape, and has a body supporting portion that supports the body by making surface contact with the front surface of the body of the upper half of the person being assisted,
The assisting device according to claim 1, wherein the reference position is set at an upper end of a portion of the body supporting portion that comes into contact with the body.
前記支持部材は、
面状に形成され、前記被介助者の前記上半身のうち胴体の前面に面接触して前記胴体を支持する胴体支持部と、
前記胴体支持部に支持され、前記被介助者の脇を支持する脇支持部と、を有し、
前記基準位置は、前記被介助者の脇の位置に設定される、請求項1または2に記載の介助装置。
The support member is
A torso support portion formed in a planar shape and supporting the torso by making surface contact with the front surface of the torso of the upper half of the person being assisted,
A side support part supported by the body support part and supporting a side of the person being assisted,
The assistance device according to claim 1, wherein the reference position is set to a position beside the person being assisted.
前記支持部材は、面状に形成され、前記被介助者の前記上半身のうち胴体の前面に面接触して前記胴体を支持する胴体支持部を有し、
前記基準位置は、前記胴体支持部に支持された前記胴体と前記胴体支持部の接触点を3以上含む仮想平面と前記中心軸から前記仮想平面に垂らした垂線との交点に設定される、請求項1または2に記載の介助装置。
The support member is formed in a planar shape, and has a body supporting portion that supports the body by making surface contact with the front surface of the body of the upper half of the person being assisted,
The reference position is set to an intersection of a virtual plane including three or more contact points between the body supported by the body support section and the body support section and a perpendicular line hung from the central axis to the virtual plane. The assistance device according to Item 1 or 2.
前記下降工程は、前記昇降部および前記揺動部の各動作を協調させて、前記支持部材の初期の角度から前記着座動作の前記終了位置における前記支持部材の角度までの1/4以下の範囲に前記支持部材の角度を維持した状態で、前記着座動作の前記開始位置から所定高さまで前記支持部材を下降させる動作を含み、
前記所定高さは、前記支持部材の初期の高さから前記着座動作の前記終了位置における前記支持部材の高さまでの2/3下降したときの前記支持部材の高さである、請求項1−5の何れか一項に記載の介助装置。
The lowering step is a range of ¼ or less from the initial angle of the support member to the angle of the support member at the end position of the seating operation by coordinating each operation of the elevating unit and the swinging unit. In the state of maintaining the angle of the support member, including the operation of lowering the support member from the start position of the seating operation to a predetermined height,
The predetermined height is a height of the support member when it is lowered by ⅔ from an initial height of the support member to a height of the support member at the ending position of the sitting motion. The assistance device according to claim 5.
前記下降工程は、前記昇降部および前記揺動部の各動作を協調させて、前記着座動作の前記開始位置から所定高さまで前記支持部材を下降させる動作を含み、
前記所定高さは、前記揺動部を可動範囲の全域で旋回させたときに当該旋回に伴う前記中心軸に対する前記支持部材の上下方向の移動量を、前記着座動作の前記終了位置における前記支持部材の高さに加えた高さである、請求項1−5の何れか一項に記載の介助装置。
The descending step includes an operation of coordinating each operation of the elevating unit and the swinging unit to descend the support member from the start position of the seating operation to a predetermined height.
The predetermined height is the amount of vertical movement of the support member with respect to the central axis that accompanies the turning when the swinging part is swung in the entire movable range. The assistance device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which has a height added to the height of the member.
前記下降工程は、前記昇降部および前記揺動部の各動作を協調させて、前記着座動作の前記開始位置から所定高さまで前記支持部材を下降させる動作を含み、
前記所定高さは、前記着座動作の前記終了位置における前記支持部材の高さである、請求項1−5の何れか一項に記載の介助装置。
The descending step includes an operation of coordinating each operation of the elevating unit and the swinging unit to descend the support member from the start position of the seating operation to a predetermined height.
The assistance device according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined height is a height of the support member at the ending position of the sitting motion.
前記下降工程は、前記着座動作の前記開始位置から前記終了位置までの前記支持部材の移動に伴って後旋回する前記揺動部の角度範囲の1/4以下に前記揺動部の後旋回の角度を維持した状態で、前記着座動作の前記終了位置における前記中心軸の高さまで前記中心軸を下方移動させる動作を含む、請求項1−8の何れか一項に記載の介助装置。 In the lowering step, the rear swing of the swing portion is set to 1/4 or less of the angular range of the swing portion that swings backward with the movement of the support member from the start position to the end position of the seating operation. The assistance device according to claim 1, further comprising an operation of moving the central axis downward to a height of the central axis at the end position of the seating operation while maintaining the angle. 前記下降工程および前記後退工程には、前記揺動部を後旋回させる動作が含まれ、前記揺動部を前旋回させる動作が含まれない、請求項1−9の何れか一項に記載の介助装置。 10. The descending step and the retreating step include an operation of turning the swinging portion rearward, and does not include an operation of turning the swinging portion forward. 10. Assistance device.
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