JP6693599B2 - Structure of joining part for panel parts and joining method - Google Patents

Structure of joining part for panel parts and joining method Download PDF

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JP6693599B2
JP6693599B2 JP2019513243A JP2019513243A JP6693599B2 JP 6693599 B2 JP6693599 B2 JP 6693599B2 JP 2019513243 A JP2019513243 A JP 2019513243A JP 2019513243 A JP2019513243 A JP 2019513243A JP 6693599 B2 JP6693599 B2 JP 6693599B2
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panel
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panel component
mastic adhesive
shape
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JPWO2018193706A1 (en
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岩間　隆史
隆史 岩間
健太郎 佐藤
健太郎 佐藤
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JFE Steel Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J201/00—Adhesives based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
  • Superstructure Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

本発明は、自動車用パネル部品等の金属製のパネル部品の裏面を、補強部品に対しマスチック接着剤によって接着して接合する技術に関する。特に、パネル部品をマスチック接着剤で接合する際における外観不良の一つである面ヒケ（マスチック接着剤の収縮に伴うパネル部品の局所的な面外変形）を、より簡便に回避するための技術に関する。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a technique for adhering and bonding a back surface of a metal panel component such as an automobile panel component to a reinforcing component with a mastic adhesive. In particular, a technique for more easily avoiding a surface sink mark (local out-of-plane deformation of a panel component due to shrinkage of the mastic adhesive), which is one of the poor appearances when the panel components are joined with the mastic adhesive. Regarding

パネル部品とは、例えば自動車のアウターパネルと呼ばれる外板部品や、フロアやダッシュロアなどの内板部品などである。このようなパネル部品は投影面積が広い部品群である。そして、パネル部品は、板厚低減による軽量化の貢献度が、他の骨格系部品と比較して格段に大きい。
このようなパネル部品は、例えば緩く広い曲面を持つ板形状となっていて、相対的に面外方向への剛性が低くなる傾向にある。このために、パネル部品を補強する補強部品が裏側に配置される場合がある。このとき、パネル部品の裏面と補強部品との間の隙間にマスチック接着剤を介在させ、当該マスチック接着剤で、パネル部品と補強部品との間を接合し、その接合によって、パネル部品は補強部品に拘束される。The panel parts are, for example, an outer plate part called an outer panel of an automobile, an inner plate part such as a floor or a dash lower. Such a panel component is a component group having a wide projected area. Further, the panel component contributes significantly to the weight reduction by reducing the plate thickness as compared with other skeletal components.
Such a panel component has, for example, a plate shape having a loose and wide curved surface, and tends to have relatively low rigidity in the out-of-plane direction. For this reason, a reinforcing component that reinforces the panel component may be arranged on the back side. At this time, a mastic adhesive is interposed in the gap between the back surface of the panel component and the reinforcing component, and the panel component and the reinforcing component are joined by the mastic adhesive, and the panel component is reinforced by the joining. Be bound by.

ここで、マスチック接着剤は半凝固状の物質である。このマスチック接着剤は、パネル塗装の焼付熱などの加熱処理が施されると、その熱によって発泡（膨張）し、その後の冷却により硬化（収縮）することで、最終的にはゴム状の性質を持つ。そして、設けたマスチック接着剤は、パネル部品が外力を受けた時に、マスチック配置位置がその外力に対する支持点になったり、パネル部品の振動を抑制したりするなどの重要な役割を持っている。   Here, the mastic adhesive is a semi-solidified substance. When this mastic adhesive is subjected to heat treatment such as baking heat of panel coating, it foams (expands) by the heat and hardens (shrinks) by subsequent cooling, and finally has a rubber-like property. have. When the panel component receives an external force, the provided mastic adhesive has an important role such that the position where the mastic is arranged becomes a support point for the external force and the vibration of the panel component is suppressed.

また、パネル部品が使用者の目にさらされる外板部品の場合、表面の外観品質に高いレベルが要求されることも多い。しかしながら、製品の軽量化のためにパネル部品を薄板化するほど、張り剛性と呼ばれるパネル部品の面剛性が低下する。そして、塗装後の冷却過程で発生するマスチック接着剤の収縮力に負けて、パネル部品の面が面外変形を起こすことがある。その変形箇所は、周りの緩曲面と比較し急峻な面変化となるため、人の目につきやすい。このような面外変形による外観不良は、一般に面ヒケと呼ばれており、外板部品の薄板化における課題の一つとなっている。   In addition, when the panel component is an outer panel component that is exposed to the eyes of the user, a high level of surface appearance quality is often required. However, the thinner the panel component is made to reduce the weight of the product, the lower the surface rigidity of the panel component, which is called the tensile rigidity. Then, the surface of the panel component may be out-of-plane deformed due to the contracting force of the mastic adhesive generated in the cooling process after coating. The deformed portion has a steep surface change as compared with the surrounding gentle curved surface, and is therefore easily noticeable to humans. Such poor appearance due to out-of-plane deformation is generally called surface sink mark, and is one of the problems in thinning outer panel components.

このようなパネル部品に発生する面ヒケについて、特許文献１には、収縮率の異なる２つの接着剤を並列に配することで、パネル部品の面に対する収縮を緩和する方法が開示されている。また、特許文献２には、マスチック接着剤の中に樹脂製の中空粒を含有させ、その中空粒がマスチック自体の収縮を吸収することで面ヒケを抑制する方法が開示されている。さらに、特許文献３には、アウターパネルと補強部品との間隔を調節可能な構造を持たせることで、塗装焼付工程における熱で発生する歪を調節可能な方法について開示されている。   Regarding the surface sink mark generated in such a panel component, Patent Literature 1 discloses a method of arranging two adhesives having different shrinkage rates in parallel to alleviate the shrinkage of the panel component on the surface. Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a method in which hollow particles made of a resin are contained in a mastic adhesive, and the hollow particles absorb shrinkage of the mastic itself to suppress surface sink marks. Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a method capable of adjusting a strain generated by heat in a paint baking process by providing a structure capable of adjusting a distance between an outer panel and a reinforcing component.

特開平６−７３３４２号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-73342 特許第５７０７０７７号公報Japanese Patent No. 5707077 特開２００８−６２６９６号公報JP, 2008-62696, A

しかし、特許文献１に記載の方法では、種類の異なるマスチック接着剤を個別に用意して配置する必要があるため、コストやリードタイムが掛かるおそれがある。
また、特許文献２に記載の方法では、マスチック接着剤の材料とは別に、樹脂製球体を作製しマスチック接着剤に混合する必要がある。このため、特許文献２に記載の方法では、材料のコストアップに繋がる。また、特許文献２に記載の方法では、マスチック接着剤の材質と球体を構成する樹脂の物性バランスが変化すると、安定した効果が得られないため、混合の調整が難しくなるおそれがある。However, in the method described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to separately prepare and arrange different types of mastic adhesives, which may result in cost and lead time.
Further, in the method described in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to prepare resin spheres separately from the material of the mastic adhesive and mix them with the mastic adhesive. Therefore, the method described in Patent Document 2 leads to an increase in material cost. Further, in the method described in Patent Document 2, when the material balance of the mastic adhesive and the physical property balance of the resin forming the sphere are changed, a stable effect cannot be obtained, which may make it difficult to adjust the mixing.

更に、特許文献３に記載の方法は、内部部品の構造が複雑となり、また、採用するパネル部品の形状や、パネル部品と補強部品との関係が変わる度に、対策用の部品設計が必要となることから、対策として汎用性が低い。
本発明は、上記のような点に鑑みてなされたもので、簡便に、パネル部品をマスチック接着剤で接着することによる面ヒケの発生を抑えることを目的としている。Further, the method described in Patent Document 3 complicates the structure of internal parts, and requires design of parts for countermeasures whenever the shape of panel parts to be adopted or the relationship between panel parts and reinforcing parts changes. Therefore, the versatility is low as a countermeasure.
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to easily suppress the occurrence of surface sink marks caused by adhering panel components with a mastic adhesive.

課題を解決するために、本発明の一態様は、間隔を開けて対向する補強部品と金属製のパネル部品の裏面とをマスチック接着剤で接着する際に、介在するマスチック接着剤について、パネル部品の裏面への接着面の外周輪郭形状を円弧の連続で形成し、且つマスチック接着剤の中央部位置に空洞を形成しておく。
ここで、円弧の連続で形成される輪郭形状とは、円形状や楕円形状など、途中に角などの曲率が急峻する部分が存在しない輪郭形状を言う。In order to solve the problem, one embodiment of the present invention relates to a mastic adhesive that intervenes when a reinforcing component and a back surface of a metal panel component that are opposed to each other with a gap are bonded to each other with respect to the mastic adhesive. The outer peripheral contour shape of the adhesive surface to the back surface of is formed by continuous arcs, and a cavity is formed at the central position of the mastic adhesive.
Here, the contour shape formed by continuous arcs refers to a contour shape such as a circular shape or an elliptical shape in which there is no portion having a sharp curvature such as a corner.

本発明の一態様によれば、介在させるマスチック接着剤（パネル部品用接合部）の形状を工夫することで、マスチック接着剤が収縮するときにパネル部品の面に負荷される応力を緩和することが出来る。この結果、本発明の一態様によれば、簡便に、パネル部品をマスチック接着剤で接着することによる面ヒケの発生を抑制することが可能となる。   According to one aspect of the present invention, the shape of the interposing mastic adhesive (joint part for panel parts) is devised to relieve the stress applied to the surface of the panel part when the mastic adhesive contracts. Can be done. As a result, according to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to easily suppress the occurrence of surface sink due to the panel component being bonded with the mastic adhesive.

本発明に基づく実施形態に係るパネル部品用接合部の構造を説明する図で、（ａ）は側方から見た断面図で、（ｂ）は接合部を上方から見た図である。It is a figure explaining the structure of the joint part for panel components which concerns on embodiment based on this invention, (a) is sectional drawing seen from the side, (b) is the figure which looked at the joint part from above. 本発明に基づく実施形態に係る他のパネル部品用接合部の構造を説明する図で、（ａ）は側方から見た断面図で、（ｂ）は接合部を上方から見た図である。It is a figure explaining the structure of the joint part for other panel components which concerns on embodiment based on this invention, (a) is sectional drawing seen from the side, (b) is the figure which looked at the joint part from above. .. 実施例で使用する解析モデルを説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the analysis model used in an Example. 解析モデル（側面視）を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining an analysis model (side view). 解析モデル（メッシュ細分化）を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining an analysis model (mesh subdivision). 比較例としての中実タイプのマスチックモデルを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the solid type mastic model as a comparative example. 中空タイプのマスチックモデルを示す図で、（ａ）は斜視図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＸ−Ｘ′断面図である。It is a figure which shows a hollow type mastic model, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a XX 'sectional view of (a). ドーナツ形状タイプのマスチックモデルを示す図である。It is a figure which shows a donut shape type mastic model. 中空タイプにおける、パネル板厚と空洞の内径をパラメータとした面外変形の発生状態を示す図である。It is a figure in a hollow type which shows a generation state of out-of-plane deformation which made a panel board thickness and an inside diameter of a cavity into a parameter. 中空タイプについて、空洞率をパラメータとして最大二次微分値で整理した図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram in which the hollow type is arranged by the maximum second derivative with the void ratio as a parameter. ドーナツ形状タイプ（上下が開口した中空タイプ）における、パネル板厚と空洞の内径をパラメータとした面外変形の発生状態を示す図である。It is a figure in a donut shape type (hollow type with which the upper and lower sides are opened) showing the generation state of the out-of-plane deformation with the panel plate thickness and the inner diameter of the cavity as parameters. ドーナツ形状タイプについて、空洞率をパラメータとして最大二次微分値で整理した図である。It is the figure which arranged by the maximum second derivative with a void ratio as a parameter about a donut shape type.

次に、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。
本実施形態のパネル部品用接合部の構造は、図１に示すように、間隔を開けて対向配置する補強部品１と金属板からなるパネル部品２の裏面２ａとを接合する接合部３の構造であって、マスチック接着剤からなるパネル部品用接合部の構造である。
ここで、本実施形態は、自動車のアウターパネルと呼ばれる外板部品（ドアパネルやルーフパネルなど）や、フロアやダッシュロアなどの内板部品などの自動車用パネル部品と、補強部品との間を、マスチック接着剤による接合に好適な技術である。但し、本実施形態のパネル部品用接合部の構造は、他の用途のパネル部品をマスチック接着剤で接合する場合であっても適用可能である。Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the structure of the joint part for a panel component of the present embodiment is a structure of the joint part 3 for joining the reinforcing component 1 and the back surface 2a of the panel component 2 made of a metal plate, which are opposed to each other with a space therebetween. That is, the structure of the joint part for a panel component made of a mastic adhesive.
Here, in the present embodiment, an outer panel component called an outer panel of a vehicle (such as a door panel or a roof panel), a panel component for an automobile such as an inner panel component such as a floor or a dash lower, and a reinforcing component, This technique is suitable for joining with a mastic adhesive. However, the structure of the panel component joint portion of the present embodiment can be applied even when panel components for other applications are joined by a mastic adhesive.

このようなパネル部品２は、緩く広い曲率の曲面を持つ板形状に形成される場合が多く、相対的に面外方向への剛性が低くなる傾向にある。このため、パネル部品２を補強する補強部品１がパネル部品２の裏側に配置され、当該補強部材をパネル部品２の周辺部に連結するなどして、パネル部品２を補強する。
このとき、図１のように、パネル部品２の裏面２ａと補強部品１との間に隙間が形成されるため、その隙間に対し部分的にマスチック接着剤を介在させ、当該マスチック接着剤で、パネル部品２と補強部品１との間を接合する。そして、そのマスチック接着剤による接合部３によって、パネル部品２は補強部品１に拘束される。Such a panel component 2 is often formed in a plate shape having a curved surface with a gentle and wide curvature, and tends to have relatively low rigidity in the out-of-plane direction. Therefore, the reinforcing component 1 for reinforcing the panel component 2 is arranged on the back side of the panel component 2 and the panel component 2 is reinforced by connecting the reinforcing member to the peripheral portion of the panel component 2.
At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, since a gap is formed between the back surface 2a of the panel component 2 and the reinforcing component 1, a mastic adhesive is partially interposed in the gap, and the mastic adhesive is used. The panel component 2 and the reinforcement component 1 are joined together. The panel component 2 is constrained to the reinforcing component 1 by the joint portion 3 made of the mastic adhesive.

一般に、マスチック接着剤によるパネル部品と補強部品との接合は、マスチック接着剤の点付けによって実施されることが多い。
これに対し、本実施形態では、パネル部品２と補強部品１との間に介在させるマスチック接着剤からなる接合部３について、その形状（構造）を、次の２つの要件を満足する形状に設定する。
（要件１）パネル部品２の裏面２ａへの接着面３Ａの外周輪郭形状Ｒ１を、円弧の連続で形成する。
（要件２）マスチック接着剤からなる接合部３の中央部位置に、空洞４を形成する。
各要件について説明する。Generally, the joining of the panel component and the reinforcing component with the mastic adhesive is often carried out by spotting the mastic adhesive.
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the shape (structure) of the joint portion 3 made of the mastic adhesive interposed between the panel component 2 and the reinforcing component 1 is set to a shape that satisfies the following two requirements. To do.
(Requirement 1) The outer peripheral contour shape R1 of the bonding surface 3A to the back surface 2a of the panel component 2 is formed by continuous arcs.
(Requirement 2) A cavity 4 is formed at the central position of the joint 3 made of a mastic adhesive.
Each requirement is explained.

＜要件１について＞
要件１は、マスチック接着剤からなる接合部構造における、パネル部品２の裏面２ａと対向する面（パネル接着面３Ａ）の外周輪郭形状Ｒ１を、図１（ｂ）のように、曲率急峻部を有しない曲線形状からなる輪郭に設定することで達成される。例えば連続する円弧形状からなる円形状や楕円形状などの輪郭形状にパネル接着面３Ａの輪郭を設定する。尚、曲率急峻部とは、曲率が急に変化して、例えば角を形成する部分である。<About Requirement 1>
Requirement 1 is that the outer peripheral contour shape R1 of the surface (panel bonding surface 3A) that faces the back surface 2a of the panel component 2 in the joint structure made of a mastic adhesive has a sharp curvature portion as shown in FIG. 1 (b). This is achieved by setting a contour having a curved shape that does not have. For example, the contour of the panel bonding surface 3A is set to a contour shape such as a circular shape or an elliptical shape having a continuous arc shape. The steep curvature portion is a portion where the curvature suddenly changes and forms, for example, a corner.

マスチック接着剤の収縮による面外変形はパネル部品２側で発生する。このため、パネル部品２側での収縮を抑制するために、パネル接着面３Ａの外周輪郭形状Ｒ１を規定しているが、マスチック接着剤における補強部品１への接着面３Ｂの外周輪郭形状も、曲率急峻部を有しない曲線形状の輪郭に設定することが好ましい。
ここで、パネル接着面３Ａの輪郭形状Ｒ１を円弧形状の連続から構成させたのは、例えば輪郭形状Ｒ１が矩形形状の場合は、収縮した場合に角部の引込みが局所的に厳しくなり、実際とは異なる挙動を示すことが考えられるためである。その結果、目視による官能確認において、実験での結果と整合がつかないことがありうる。Out-of-plane deformation due to contraction of the mastic adhesive occurs on the panel component 2 side. Therefore, the outer peripheral contour shape R1 of the panel adhesive surface 3A is defined in order to suppress the contraction on the panel component 2 side, but the outer peripheral contour shape of the adhesive surface 3B of the mastic adhesive to the reinforcing component 1 is also: It is preferable to set a curved contour having no sharp curvature portion.
Here, the contour shape R1 of the panel bonding surface 3A is configured by a continuous arc shape. For example, when the contour shape R1 is a rectangular shape, the contraction of the corner becomes locally severe when contracted, and This is because it may behave differently from. As a result, the sensory confirmation by visual inspection may not match the result of the experiment.

例えば、マスチック接着剤からなる接合部３の形状を、円柱形状、半球状、円錐台状、ドーナツ形状などに設定する。このような横断面円形状の場合、簡易な接合部３の形状で上記要件１を満足させることが出来る。
なお、パネル部品２から補強部品１に向かう線に直交する方向（パネル部品の面と平行な方向）で切断した各横断面形状が、必ずしも同一寸法同一形状である必要はない。例えば、マスチック接着剤の形状は、図２に示すようなドーナツ形状であっても良いし、徐々に横断面が小さくなっていく山状の形状などであっても良い。図２は、空洞４が、パネル部品２側に開口した一例である。For example, the shape of the joint portion 3 made of a mastic adhesive is set to a cylindrical shape, a hemispherical shape, a truncated cone shape, a donut shape, or the like. In the case of such a circular cross section, the above requirement 1 can be satisfied with a simple shape of the joint portion 3.
The cross-sectional shapes cut in the direction orthogonal to the line extending from the panel component 2 to the reinforcing component 1 (direction parallel to the surface of the panel component) do not necessarily have to have the same size and shape. For example, the shape of the mastic adhesive may be a donut shape as shown in FIG. 2 or may be a mountain shape whose cross section is gradually reduced. FIG. 2 is an example in which the cavity 4 is opened to the panel component 2 side.

ただし、パネル部品２から補強部品１に向かう面に対し対称な形状が好ましい。マスチック接着剤からなる接合部３の形状のパネル接着面３Ａの外周輪郭形状Ｒ１は、ダルマ状でも良い。この場合、２つのマスチック接着剤からなる接合部がくっついてダルマ状になったとみなすことが出来る。
以下、介在させるマスチック接着剤からなる接合部３の形状が略円柱形状（図１参照）やドーナツ形状（図２参照）の構造体を想定して例示する。However, it is preferable that the shape is symmetrical with respect to the surface from the panel component 2 toward the reinforcing component 1. The outer peripheral contour shape R1 of the panel bonding surface 3A in the shape of the joint portion 3 made of a mastic adhesive may be dulma-shaped. In this case, it can be considered that the joint made up of the two mastic adhesives sticks to each other to form a dharma shape.
In the following, the structure of the joining portion 3 made of the mastic adhesive to be interposed is assumed to be a structure having a substantially columnar shape (see FIG. 1) or a donut shape (see FIG. 2).

＜要件２について＞
要件２は、図１や図２に示すように、介在させるマスチック接着剤からなる接合部３の中央部位置に空洞４を形成することである。上記の中央部位置は、パネル部品２の板厚方向からみた、つまりパネル部品２の表面側から見た、中央部位置とすればよい。
空洞４の空洞率は、介在させるマスチック接着剤からなる接合部３が中実の場合の当該接合部の体積の５％以上であれば、マスチック接着剤が中実の場合と比較して確実に面ヒケ抑制効果を発揮する。より好ましくは空洞率は１０％以上である。<Requirement 2>
Requirement 2 is to form a cavity 4 at the central position of the joint portion 3 made of an intervening mastic adhesive as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The center position may be the center position as viewed from the thickness direction of the panel component 2, that is, as viewed from the front surface side of the panel component 2.
The void ratio of the voids 4 is sure to be 5% or more of the volume of the joint portion 3 made of the mastic adhesive to be interposed and solid, as compared with the case where the mastic adhesive is solid. Demonstrates the effect of suppressing face sinking. More preferably, the porosity is 10% or more.

なお、マスチック接着剤は、初期の状態に対し、加熱・冷却によって体積が変化する場合もあるが、上記の空洞率は加熱・冷却後の状態での空洞率とする。
但し、空洞率が所定以上大きくなると、介在させたマスチック接着剤によるパネル部品２の振動抑制、張り剛性向上効果が低くなるため、空洞率は８０％未満に抑えることが好ましい。より好ましくは空洞率の上限値は６０％未満である。The volume of the mastic adhesive may change due to heating / cooling in the initial state, but the above-mentioned void ratio is the void ratio after heating / cooling.
However, if the porosity becomes larger than a predetermined value, the effect of suppressing the vibration of the panel component 2 by the intervening mastic adhesive and the effect of improving the tensile rigidity become low, so the porosity is preferably suppressed to less than 80%. More preferably, the upper limit of the void ratio is less than 60%.

空洞４の横断面形状も、曲率急峻部を有しない曲線形状からなる輪郭形状であることが好ましい。また、空洞４の横断面形状は、マスチック接着剤からなる接合部３の横断面形状と相似形若しくは相似形に近い形状が好ましい。
また、同一空洞率であれば、空洞４の高さ方向の形成位置は、パネル部品２側に近づけて形成することが好ましい。その方が、パネル接着面３Ａでの応力を緩和しやすいためである。The cross-sectional shape of the cavity 4 is also preferably a contour shape having a curved shape without a steep curvature portion. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the cavity 4 is preferably similar to or close to the cross-sectional shape of the joint portion 3 made of a mastic adhesive.
Further, if the void ratio is the same, it is preferable that the formation position of the cavity 4 in the height direction is close to the panel component 2 side. This is because it is easier to relieve the stress on the panel bonding surface 3A.

更には、上記空洞４は、図２のように、少なくとも、面ヒケが起きやすいパネル部品２側に開口していることが好ましい。このとき、開口の輪郭形状Ｒ２も円弧の連続で形成されていることが好ましい（図２参照）。これに併せて、補強部品１側にも開口していても構わない。なお、空洞４が上記のように開口している場合には、接合部の中空位置での体積が、空洞４の体積となる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable that the cavity 4 be opened at least on the panel component 2 side where surface sinkage is likely to occur. At this time, it is preferable that the contour shape R2 of the opening is also formed by continuous arcs (see FIG. 2). In addition to this, the reinforcing component 1 side may be opened. When the cavity 4 is open as described above, the volume of the cavity at the hollow position of the joint becomes the volume of the cavity 4.

上記のような２つの要件を満足するマスチック接着剤からなる接合部３の形成方法は、例えば、マスチック接着剤を部品に塗布する際に使用する、塗布用の充填ノズルの先端部の開口形状（接着剤が吹き出す部分）が、リング形状（Ｏ形状）またはＣ形状のものを使用して塗布する。この形成方法の場合、従来と同様のタクトタイムで接合処理が可能となる。充填ノズル先端部の開口形状がＣ形状の場合は、加熱工程での膨張によって断面ドーナツ形状となるように、Ｃの切れ込みの隙間を設定すればよい。
また、マスチック接着剤の内部に空洞４を形成する方法としては、例えば、部品に所定量塗布したマスチック接着剤に対し、注射針を刺して、内部に空気や不活性ガスを充填することで形成する。The method for forming the joint portion 3 made of a mastic adhesive that satisfies the above two requirements is, for example, the shape of the opening of the tip portion of the filling nozzle for application, which is used when the mastic adhesive is applied to a component ( The portion where the adhesive is blown out) is applied using a ring-shaped (O-shaped) or C-shaped one. In the case of this forming method, the joining process can be performed with the same takt time as the conventional one. When the opening shape at the tip of the filling nozzle is C-shaped, the gap of C cut may be set so that the cross-section has a donut shape due to expansion in the heating step.
Further, as a method of forming the cavity 4 inside the mastic adhesive, for example, the mastic adhesive applied to a part in a predetermined amount is pierced with an injection needle and filled with air or an inert gas. To do.

＜作用その他＞
本実施形態の形状を有するマスチック接着剤を採用した場合には、加熱されたマスチック接着剤が冷却によって収縮する際に、パネル接着面３Ａではなく、主に空洞４の部分に変形が生じる。このため、パネル接着面３Ａに発生する、パネル部品２を引き込む力が小さくなる。<Action and others>
When the mastic adhesive having the shape of the present embodiment is adopted, when the heated mastic adhesive contracts by cooling, not the panel bonding surface 3A but mainly the cavity 4 is deformed. Therefore, the force of pulling in the panel component 2 generated on the panel bonding surface 3A becomes small.

また、本実施形態では、パネル接着面３Ａの外周輪郭形状Ｒ１に角部がない。このため、一部に角部が存在する場合のような外周輪郭形状で発生する、冷却時における部分的な応力集中の発生を抑制できる。
このように、本実施形態では、マスチック接着剤からなる接合部３の形状を工夫することで、コストをかけずに且つ簡便に、マスチック接着剤が収縮する時に、パネル部品２の面に負荷される応力を緩和することが出来る。この結果、簡便に、パネル部品２をマスチック接着剤で接着することによる面ヒケの発生を抑制することが可能となる。Further, in the present embodiment, the outer peripheral contour shape R1 of the panel bonding surface 3A has no corner portion. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of partial stress concentration at the time of cooling, which is generated in the outer peripheral contour shape such as when there is a corner part.
As described above, in the present embodiment, by devising the shape of the joint portion 3 made of the mastic adhesive, the surface of the panel component 2 is loaded at a low cost and easily when the mastic adhesive shrinks. Stress can be relaxed. As a result, it is possible to easily suppress the occurrence of surface sink due to the panel component 2 being bonded with the mastic adhesive.

後述の実施例の通り、同じ板厚のパネル部品２であれば、中実タイプのマスチック接着剤からなる接合部３の場合よりも、中空タイプのマスチック接着剤からなる接合部３を採用することで、より面ヒケを抑制出来る。すなわち、中実タイプのマスチック接着剤からなる接合部と同品質に設計する場合には、パネル部品２の薄板化を行うことが可能となる。   As will be described later in the embodiment, if the panel component 2 has the same plate thickness, the joint portion 3 made of a hollow type mastic adhesive is adopted rather than the joint portion 3 made of a solid type mastic adhesive. Therefore, the sink mark can be suppressed more. That is, in the case of designing with the same quality as the joint portion made of the solid type mastic adhesive, it becomes possible to thin the panel component 2.

そして、例えば、自動車用パネル部品に適用した場合には、自動車の製造ラインを変えることなく、マスチック接着剤の接着方法を変えることでパネル部品の面ヒケを抑制し、安定した品質による生産が可能になること、また、パネル薄板化による面ヒケ発生の課題解決にもつながり、自動車車体軽量化への貢献が可能となる。   For example, when applied to automotive panel parts, by controlling the adhesive method of the mastic adhesive without changing the automobile manufacturing line, it is possible to suppress the surface sink of the panel parts and achieve stable quality production. In addition, it also leads to the solution of the problem of surface sinkage caused by thinning the panel, which can contribute to the weight reduction of the automobile body.

次に、本発明の基づく実施例について説明する。
＜解析条件＞
解析モデルとして、図３に示すような、投影で一辺が２８６ｍｍ角の矩形形状で且つ上側に凸の曲面形状のアウターパネルを模擬したパネル部品モデルａと、これを支持する枠ｂと、外板部品の補強部品１を模擬したモデルｃとを設定した。中央部に柱状のマスチック接着剤のモデルｄを設けることで、パネル部品モデルａは上方に湾曲したかまぼこ状の曲面形状が支持される。Next, examples based on the present invention will be described.
<Analysis conditions>
As an analysis model, as shown in FIG. 3, a panel part model a simulating an outer panel having a rectangular shape of which one side is 286 mm square in projection and a convex shape curved upward, a frame b supporting the same, and an outer plate. A model c simulating the reinforcing component 1 of the component was set. By providing the columnar mastic adhesive model d in the central portion, the panel component model a is supported in a curved shape of a semi-cylindrical shape that is curved upward.

パネル部品モデルａは、図４に示すように、自動車のルーフパネルを想定したＲ５０００の湾曲を一方向に向けてつけたもので、その湾曲に対する直交方向の面形状は平坦に設定する。パネル部品モデルａの板厚を０．５０ｍｍ、０．６０ｍｍ、０．７０ｍｍおよび１．０ｍｍとし、それぞれのケースにおけるパネル部品２のｚ方向（パネル部品２の板厚方向）の変位分布のコンター図を解析して出力した。   As shown in FIG. 4, the panel part model a is a curve of R5000, which is assumed to be a roof panel of an automobile, directed in one direction, and the surface shape in a direction orthogonal to the curve is set to be flat. The plate thickness of the panel part model a is set to 0.50 mm, 0.60 mm, 0.70 mm and 1.0 mm, and the contour diagram of the displacement distribution of the panel part 2 in the z direction (the plate thickness direction of the panel part 2) in each case. Was parsed and output.

なお、枠ｂは剛体に設定し、パネル部品モデルａ、補強部品１のモデルｃおよびマスチック接着剤のモデルｄは、それぞれの材料物性を下記のように入力した。
モデルａ、ｃは、鉄を想定して密度７．８ｇ／ｃｍ３且つヤング率２１０ＧＰａを入力し、モデルｄはマスチック接着剤の物性値を入力した。本実施例ではマスチックの物性値として、熱弾性のＦＥＭモデルを使用し、膨張時の熱膨張係数を０．８５０×１０−３ ／℃・ｍ、ヤング率を１５０ＭＰａ、収縮時の熱膨張係数を０．９０５×１０−３ ／℃・ｍ、ヤング率を２１０ＭＰａとした。The frame b was set to a rigid body, and the material properties of the panel part model a, the model c of the reinforcing part 1 and the model d of the mastic adhesive were input as follows.
As for the models a and c, the density of 7.8 g / cm 3 and the Young's modulus of 210 GPa were input assuming iron, and for the model d, the physical property values of the mastic adhesive were input. In this example, as a physical property value of a mastic, a thermoelastic FEM model is used, a thermal expansion coefficient at expansion is 0.850 × 10 −3 / ° C. · m, a Young's modulus is 150 MPa, and a thermal expansion coefficient at contraction is 0.905 × 10 −3 / ° C. · m, Young's modulus was 210 MPa.

このとき、図５に示すように、枠ｂやパネル部品モデルａをメッシュに分割し、マスチック接着剤のモデルｄは、図６に示すように、ソリッド要素に分割した。
設定するマスチック接着剤の外形形状を、全て直径２０ｍｍφの円柱に設定した。ここで、図６は中実タイプを、図７は中空タイプを、図８はドーナツ形状タイプ（上下に開口した中空形状のタイプ）の設定例である。中空タイプ及びドーナツ形状タイプの場合には、空洞４の径として５ｍｍ、１０ｍｍ及び１５ｍｍを設定した。At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the frame b and the panel component model a were divided into meshes, and the mastic adhesive model d was divided into solid elements as shown in FIG.
The external shape of the mastic adhesive to be set was set to a cylinder having a diameter of 20 mmφ. Here, FIG. 6 is a solid type, FIG. 7 is a hollow type, and FIG. 8 is a donut-shaped type (a hollow-shaped type having an opening at the top and bottom). In the case of the hollow type and the donut shape type, the diameter of the cavity 4 was set to 5 mm, 10 mm and 15 mm.

図８のようなドーナツ形状タイプの場合、内径５ｍｍφで空洞率６％、内径１０ｍｍφで空洞率２５％、内径１５ｍｍφで空洞率５６％となる。
また、図７のような中空タイプの場合、内径５ｍｍφで空洞率２％、内径１０ｍｍφで空洞率８％、内径１５ｍｍφで空洞率１９％となる。
なお、解析は、ソルバーにＬＳ−ＤＹＮＡ ｖｅｒ９．７１を使用し、静的陰解法を用いて行った。In the case of the doughnut-shaped type as shown in FIG. 8, the cavity ratio is 6% when the inner diameter is 5 mmφ, the cavity rate is 25% when the inner diameter is 10 mmφ, and the cavity rate is 56% when the inner diameter is 15 mmφ.
In the case of the hollow type as shown in FIG. 7, the void ratio is 2% when the inner diameter is 5 mmφ, the void ratio is 8% when the inner diameter is 10 mmφ, and the void ratio is 19% when the inner diameter is 15 mmφ.
The analysis was performed using a static implicit method using LS-DYNA ver9.71 as a solver.

このとき、加熱条件としては、自動車の塗装焼付温度の１７０℃を想定し、マスチック接着剤のソリッド要素において、２０℃から１７０℃へ昇温後、１７０℃から２０℃へ降温する解析を行った。なお昇温から降温への切替えは、パネル形状と応力分布を引き継ぐ連成解析にて行った。   At this time, assuming that the coating baking temperature of the automobile is 170 ° C. as the heating condition, the solid element of the mastic adhesive was analyzed to raise the temperature from 20 ° C. to 170 ° C. and then to 170 ° C. .. Switching from temperature increase to temperature decrease was performed by a coupled analysis that inherits the panel shape and stress distribution.

＜評価＞
面ヒケの評価は、マスチック接着剤接着部（パネル中央）のＺ変位量および横断面の形状から面の傾きの変化を表す二次微分値の分布を算出し、その最大値で行った。二次微分値が大きくなると人の目に見えやすくなるとされており、数字が大きい方が、面ヒケが大きいと判断される。<Evaluation>
The evaluation of the surface sink mark was performed by calculating the distribution of the secondary differential value representing the change in the inclination of the surface from the Z displacement amount of the mastic adhesive adhesive portion (center of the panel) and the shape of the cross section, and using the maximum value thereof. It is said that the larger the second derivative value, the more visible it is to the human eye, and the larger the number, the larger the sink mark.

（中空タイプの評価）
まず図９に中空タイプの結果を示す。
パネル部品２の板厚の増加により、マスチック接着剤の接着部の面ヒケが緩和するが、同じ板厚で比較すると、実施例で内径が大きいほど面ヒケは改善していることが分かる。
更に、図１０に、中空タイプにおける最大二次微分値で整理した結果を示す。(Evaluation of hollow type)
First, FIG. 9 shows the results of the hollow type.
The increase in the plate thickness of the panel component 2 alleviates the surface sink marks at the bonded portion of the mastic adhesive. However, comparing the same plate thickness, it can be seen that the surface sink marks improve as the inner diameter increases in the examples.
Further, FIG. 10 shows the results arranged by the maximum second derivative value in the hollow type.

図１０から分かるように、中実タイプのマスチック接着剤からなる接合部３について板厚０．７０ｍｍｔを基準とした場合、空洞率が５％あれば板厚０．６０ｍｍｔと同等になり、パネル部品２を薄板化しても、従来の中実タイプと同レベルの品質が確保できると認められる。ここで、自動車においては、板厚０．７０ｍｍｔ前後のパネル部品２が適用されることが多い。   As can be seen from FIG. 10, when the plate thickness 0.70 mmt is used as a reference for the joint portion 3 made of a solid type mastic adhesive, if the void ratio is 5%, the plate thickness becomes 0.60 mmt, which is equivalent to the panel component. It is recognized that even if 2 is thinned, the same level of quality as the conventional solid type can be secured. Here, in automobiles, the panel component 2 having a plate thickness of about 0.70 mmt is often applied.

（ドーナツ形状タイプの評価）
図１１にドーナツ形状タイプ（上下に開口した中空タイプ）の結果を示す。
パネル部品２の板厚の増加により、マスチック接着剤の接着部の面ヒケが緩和するが、同じ板厚で比較すると、実施例で内径が大きいほど面ヒケは改善していることが分かる。
さらに、図１２に、ドーナツ形状タイプにおける最大二次微分値で整理した結果を示す。(Evaluation of donut shape type)
FIG. 11 shows the result of the donut shape type (hollow type having openings at the top and bottom).
The increase in the plate thickness of the panel component 2 alleviates the surface sink marks at the bonded portion of the mastic adhesive. However, comparing the same plate thickness, it can be seen that the surface sink marks improve as the inner diameter increases in the examples.
Further, FIG. 12 shows the results arranged by the maximum second derivative value in the donut shape type.

図１２から分かるように、中実タイプのマスチック接着剤からなる接合部３について板厚０．７０ｍｍｔを基準とした場合、空洞率が５％あれば板厚０．６０ｍｍｔと同等になり、パネル部品２を薄板化しても、従来の中実タイプと同レベルの品質が確保できると認められる。
以上のように、本発明によれば、パネル板厚を薄くしても現行の中実タイプのマスチック接着剤よりも面ヒケを抑制することが可能であり、車体の軽量化に寄与することが分かる。As can be seen from FIG. 12, when the plate thickness 0.70 mmt is used as a reference for the joint portion 3 made of the solid type mastic adhesive, if the void ratio is 5%, the plate thickness becomes equal to 0.60 mmt, and the panel component It is recognized that even if 2 is thinned, the same level of quality as the conventional solid type can be secured.
As described above, according to the present invention, even if the panel thickness is thin, it is possible to suppress the sink mark more than the current solid type mastic adhesive, and it is possible to contribute to the weight reduction of the vehicle body. I understand.

以上、本願が優先権を主張する、日本国特許出願２０１７−０８４６２９（２０１７年４月２１日出願）の全内容は、参照により本開示の一部をなす。
ここでは、限られた数の実施形態を参照しながら説明したが、権利範囲はそれらに限定されるものではなく、上記の開示に基づく各実施形態の改変は当業者にとって自明なことである。As described above, the entire contents of Japanese Patent Application 2017-084629 (filed on April 21, 2017) to which the present application claims priority are made a part of the present disclosure by reference.
Although the description has been made herein with reference to a limited number of embodiments, the scope of rights is not limited thereto, and modifications of the embodiments based on the above disclosure will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

１ 補強部品
２ パネル部品
２ａ 裏面
３ 接合部
３Ａ パネル接着面
４ 空洞
Ｒ１ 外周輪郭形状
Ｒ２ 開口の輪郭形状DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reinforcement component 2 Panel component 2a Back surface 3 Joined portion 3A Panel bonding surface 4 Cavity R1 Outer peripheral contour shape R2 Opening contour shape

Claims (4)

間隔を開けて対向する補強部品と金属製のパネル部品の裏面とを接合する、マスチック接着剤からなるパネル部品用接合部の構造であって、
上記パネル部品の裏面に接着する接着面の外周輪郭形状が、円弧の連続で形成され、
上記パネル部品の板厚方向からみて、上記マスチック接着剤からなるパネル部品用接合部の中央部位置に空洞が形成され、
上記パネル部品用接合部に形成された上記空洞は、上記パネル部品用接合部における、上記補強部品及び上記パネル部品と対向する面に開口していない、ことを特徴とするパネル部品用接合部の構造。 A structure of a panel part joint part made of a mastic adhesive for joining a reinforcing part and a rear surface of a metal panel part, which are opposed to each other with a gap,
The outer peripheral contour shape of the bonding surface to be bonded to the back surface of the panel component is formed by a continuous arc,
Seen from the thickness direction of the panel component, a cavity is formed at the central position of the panel component joining part made of the mastic adhesive ,
The cavity formed in the panel component joint, in the panel component joint, does not open in the surface facing the reinforcing component and the panel component , the panel component joint, characterized in that Construction. 上記空洞の体積は、上記マスチック接着剤からなるパネル部品用接合部を中実とした場合における当該接合部の体積の５％以上に設定したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載したパネル部品用接合部の構造。 The volume of the cavity is set to 5% or more of the volume of the joint part for the panel part made of the mastic adhesive when the joint part is solid, and the panel part according to claim 1 . Structure of the joint. 上記パネル部品は、車両用パネル部品であることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２のいずれか１項に記載したパネル部品用接合部の構造。 The said panel component is a panel component for vehicles, The structure of the junction part for panel components described in any one of Claim 1 or Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. 補強部品に対し金属製のパネル部品の裏面をマスチック接着剤で接着することで、マスチック接着剤によって上記補強部品にパネル部品を接合する接合方法であって、
上記補強部品と上記パネル部品との間に介在させるマスチック接着剤の形状を、上記パネル部品の裏面への接着面の外周輪郭形状を円弧の連続で形成されるように設定し、且つそのマスチック接着剤の中央部に空洞を形成し、その空洞が、上記補強部品及び上記パネル部品に向けて開口していない、ことを特徴とする接合方法。 A bonding method for bonding the panel component to the reinforcing component by the mastic adhesive by bonding the back surface of the metal panel component to the reinforcing component with a mastic adhesive,
The shape of the mastic adhesive to be interposed between the reinforcing component and the panel component is set so that the outer peripheral contour of the bonding surface to the back surface of the panel component is formed by continuous arcs, and the mastic bonding is performed. A joining method, wherein a cavity is formed in a central portion of the agent, and the cavity is not opened toward the reinforcing component and the panel component .
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