JP6663426B2 - 第1の物体を第2の物体に固定する方法 - Google Patents
第1の物体を第2の物体に固定する方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6663426B2 JP6663426B2 JP2017518796A JP2017518796A JP6663426B2 JP 6663426 B2 JP6663426 B2 JP 6663426B2 JP 2017518796 A JP2017518796 A JP 2017518796A JP 2017518796 A JP2017518796 A JP 2017518796A JP 6663426 B2 JP6663426 B2 JP 6663426B2
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Images
Classifications
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- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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- B29C66/30223—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined said melt initiators being rib-like
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
- B29C66/81429—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth comprising a single tooth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
- B29C66/843—Machines for making separate joints at the same time in different planes; Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
- B29C66/8432—Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/87—Auxiliary operations or devices
- B29C66/872—Starting or stopping procedures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/922—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/9231—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the displacement of the joining tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/9261—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7316—Surface properties
- B29C66/73161—Roughness or rugosity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
- B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
Description
本発明は、機械工学および構造の分野であり、2つの物体を接合するための方法に関する。物体うちの第1の物体は挿入部分を含み、他方の物体は開口部を含む。2つの物体を接合させるために、挿入部分は開口部に固定される。物体のうち一方の物体は、熱可塑性を有する固体材料を含み、他方の物体は、熱可塑性を有する材料が液化されたときに当該材料が浸透可能となる固体材料を含む。
たとえば、公報WO96/01377(Createc)、WO98/042988(Woodwelding)、およびWO2006/002569(Woodwelding)またはWO2008/080238(Woodwelding)から、熱可塑性を有する材料を含むインサートをたとえばチップボードまたは木材などの繊維質材料または多孔質材料に固定するための第1のアプローチが公知である。このような固定のために、インサートは、開口部に対して相対的に位置決めされ、次いで、機械的振動、特に超音波振動と、開口部にインサートを押込むために向けられる力とが同時にインサートに加えられる。インサートを位置決めするステップにおいては、相対的な力は用いられない。すなわち、振動エネルギが加えられると、位置決めされたインサートが自由に振動することとなるか、または、指定の力でこのインサートが繊維質材料もしくは多孔質材料に対して押当てられることにより、繊維質材料もしくは多孔質材料に振動エネルギが伝達することとなる。振動および力を加えるステップにおいては、少なくとも、熱可塑性材料が繊維質材料または多孔質材料に接している場合、熱可塑性を有する材料が摩擦熱により液化され、次いで、開口部の壁を通って繊維質材料または多孔質材料に浸透し、再凝固したときに多孔質材料または繊維質材料との接続をもたらす。
本発明の目的は、上述の第1または第2のアプローチに基づいて2つの物体を接合するための方法を提供することである。この場合、挿入部分がわずかに大きな断面を有する場合に第2の物体の開口部に挿入部分を挿入することによってもたらされる第2の物体への損傷のリスクが最小限にされる。
第1の材料を含む第1の物体を設け、第2の材料を含む第2の物体を設けるステップを含み、第1の材料は固体であり、熱可塑性を有する。第2の材料は固体であり、第1の材料が液化されたときに当該第1の材料が第2の材料に浸透可能となる。
第2の物体は、挿入面において口部を有する開口部を含み、開口部は開口軸を有する。
第1の物体はさらに挿入部分を含む。当該方法はさらに、
挿入部分が開口部内に達するかまたはその口部のまわりに配置されるように、第1の物体を第2の物体に対して相対的に配置するステップと、
第1の材料を少なくとも部分的に液化させて第1の材料と第2の材料とを上記対向する表面領域の付近において相互浸透させるのに十分な量および時間だけ、第1の材料を液化させるのに適したエネルギを第1の物体に伝えることによって、第1の物体の挿入部分を開口部に固定するステップと、
固定するステップ中に液化される第1の材料が再凝固するのに十分な時間だけエネルギの伝達を停止するステップとを含む。
第1の例に従うと、挿入部分は、挿入部分に沿って軸方向に延びる少なくとも1つの溝を含む。
本発明およびその実施形態は、すべてが概略的である添付の図面に関連付けてさらに詳細に説明される。同じ参照番号は同じまたは同様の要素を指している。
図1は、第1の物体の一例として継手要素1を示す。継手要素は頭部分11および挿入部分12を有する。頭部分11は側方外面を有する。側方外面は、さらに別の物体の雌部分の対応する構造に係合するように形作られており、このため、継手要素が固定される第2の物体と、さらに別の物体とが互いに組立てられ得る。特に、側方外面は、軸方向への力が、押込み嵌合された頭部分11と雌部分との間で伝達され得るような態様で、雌部分との押込み式嵌合接続を可能にする構造を有する(押込み嵌合接続においては、接続力は、摩擦嵌合とは対照的に、表面に対して垂直な構成要素を有し、接合された物体同士は互いの行く手を遮っている)。特に、この実施形態、およびこの明細書に記載される他のいずれかの実施形態においては、頭部分はWO2013/104422の教示に従って形作られてもよく、この明細書中に記載される接合部の雄型部分としての役割を果たす機能を有してもよい。
溝または軸方向に延在する穴を含む設計のさらなる利点は、固体部分の厚さが円形断面の設計と比べてほぼ均一になるために、より均一性の高い材料強度が得られる点である。これが射出成形の場合には有利であることが判明した。特に嵩高な部分を射出成形する際には、空隙の形成が問題になる可能性がある。しかしながら、空隙は、射出成型された部分の断面が軸方向位置に応じてだけでなく断面においても均質である場合には防止される傾向がある。このことは、特に、対向する成型壁同士の間の距離が同程度に均一である場合、射出成形プロセスに有利になり得る。
Claims (38)
- 第2の物体に第1の物体を固定する方法であって、前記方法は、
第1の材料を含む前記第1の物体(1)を設け、第2の材料を含む前記第2の物体(2)を設けるステップを含み、前記第1の材料は固体であり、熱可塑性を有し、前記第2の材料は固体であり、前記第1の材料が液化状態であるときに前記第1の材料が前記第2の材料に浸透可能となり、
前記第2の物体(2)は挿入面(22)を有し、
前記第2の物体は、前記挿入面(22)に口部を有する開口部(23)を含み、前記開口部は開口軸(25)を有し、
前記第2の物体(2)は、前記開口部(23)のまわりに、前記開口軸(25)に対して垂直な力に対して異方性の強度を有し、
前記第1の物体はさらに挿入部分(12)を含み、前記方法はさらに、
前記挿入部分(12)が前記開口部(23)内に達するかまたは前記口部のまわりに配置されるように、前記第1の物体を前記第2の物体に対して相対的に配置するステップと、
前記第1の材料を少なくとも部分的に液化させ、前記第1の材料と前記第2の材料とを対向する表面領域の付近において相互浸透させるのに十分な量および時間だけ、前記第1の材料を液化させるのに適したエネルギを前記第1の物体に伝えることによって、前記第1の物体の前記挿入部分(12)を前記開口部(23)に固定するステップと、
固定するステップ中に液化される前記第1の材料が再凝固するのに十分な時間だけエネルギの伝達を停止するステップとを含み、
前記開口軸(25)に対して垂直な前記開口部(23)の断面と前記挿入部分(12)の断面および向きとが互いに適合されており、このため、前記開口部(23)に前記挿入部分(12)が挿入されると、前記挿入部分および前記開口部の前記対向する表面領域同士が、前記開口部(23)の円周のまわりで変化する押圧力によって互いに対して押合わされることとなり、前記第2の物体(2)の強度がより小さい方向(y)に作用する前記対向する表面領域間の前記押圧力は、強度がより大きい方向(x)に作用する前記押圧力よりも小さく、
前記挿入部分(12)は、挿入軸を中心とした90°の回転に対して非対称的であり、これにより、前記挿入部分(12)は、前記挿入軸(25)に対して垂直な面において長軸(45)および短軸(46)を有する、方法。 - 前記第2の物体(2)は幅広い表面(21)を規定する区域を有し、前記挿入面(22)は前記幅広い表面(21)に対して角度をなしており、前記幅広い表面(21)に対して平行な方向(x、z)は強度がより大きい方向であり、前記幅広い表面(21)に対して垂直な方向(y)は強度がより小さい方向である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記開口部(23)は、前記幅広い表面および前記挿入面(22)の両方に対して角度をなしているいずれかの側面(24)よりも、前記幅広い表面(21)により近接している、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の物体(2)の前記区域は、2つの幅広い表面(21)を規定する板状区域であり、前記挿入面(22)は前記幅広い表面間における狭い側面である、請求項2または3に記載の方法。
- 前記挿入部分(12)は、前記短軸(46)に沿ってよりも、前記長軸(45)に沿って、より大きい延在部を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記挿入部分(12)は、前記短軸に沿ってよりも、前記長軸に沿って、より高い剛性を有する、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記挿入部分(12)は、前記挿入部分(12)に沿って軸方向に延びる少なくとも1つの溝(37)を含む、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記挿入部分は分割スリット(32)を含み、前記分割スリット(32)は、その遠位端から延在し、前記挿入部分(12)を少なくとも2つの部分に分割する、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溝(37)またはスリット(32)によって初めに分離された区域同士を溶接させるステップを含む、請求項7または8に記載の方法。
- 前記溶接させるステップは、前記第1の材料の液化に適したエネルギを伝えることによって、前記開口部(23)に前記挿入部分(12)を固定するステップ中に行われる、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記挿入部分は非円形の穴(36)を有し、前記非円形の穴(36)は、その遠位端から、前記挿入部分(12)の中心軸に沿って延在する、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記エネルギを伝えるステップよりも前に、前記挿入部分(12)の前記長軸(45)を前記第2の物体(2)の強度がより大きい前記方向(x)と位置合わせするステップを含む、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記開口部(23)に前記挿入部分(12)を挿入するよりも前に、前記長軸(45)を前記第2の物体(2)の強度がより大きい前記方向(x)と位置合わせするステップを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記開口部(23)は円形の断面を有する、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第2の物体に第1の物体を固定する方法であって、前記方法は、
第1の材料を含む前記第1の物体(1)を設け、第2の材料を含む前記第2の物体(2)を設けるステップを含み、前記第1の材料は固体であり、熱可塑性を有し、前記第2の材料は固体であり、前記第1の材料が液化状態であるときに前記第1の材料が前記第2の材料に浸透可能となり、
前記第2の物体(2)は挿入面(22)を有し、
前記第2の物体は、前記挿入面(22)に口部を有する開口部(23)を含み、前記開口部は開口軸(25)を有し、
前記第2の物体(2)は、前記開口部(23)のまわりに、前記開口軸(25)に対して垂直な力に対して異方性の強度を有し、
前記第1の物体はさらに挿入部分(12)を含み、前記方法はさらに、
前記挿入部分(12)が前記開口部(23)内に達するかまたは前記口部のまわりに配置されるように、前記第1の物体を前記第2の物体に対して相対的に配置するステップと、
前記第1の材料を少なくとも部分的に液化させ、前記第1の材料と前記第2の材料とを対向する表面領域の付近において相互浸透させるのに十分な量および時間だけ、前記第1の材料を液化させるのに適したエネルギを前記第1の物体に伝えることによって、前記第1の物体の前記挿入部分(12)を前記開口部(23)に固定するステップと、
固定するステップ中に液化される前記第1の材料が再凝固するのに十分な時間だけエネルギの伝達を停止するステップとを含み、
前記開口軸(25)に対して垂直な前記開口部(23)の断面と前記挿入部分(12)の断面および向きとが互いに適合されており、このため、前記開口部(23)に前記挿入部分(12)が挿入されると、前記挿入部分および前記開口部の前記対向する表面領域同士が、前記開口部(23)の円周のまわりで変化する押圧力によって互いに対して押合わされることとなり、前記第2の物体(2)の強度がより小さい方向(y)に作用する前記対向する表面領域間の前記押圧力は、強度がより大きい方向(x)に作用する前記押圧力よりも小さく、
前記開口部(23)は非円形の断面を有し、前記開口軸(25)に対して垂直な面において、強度がより大きい方向(x)に沿ってよりも、前記第2の物体(2)の強度がより小さい方向(y)に沿って、より大きい延在部を有する、方法。 - 前記開口部(23)および前記挿入部分(12)は、前記挿入部分を、前記開口部(23)の円周の少なくとも一部分に沿って締り嵌めで前記開口部に位置決めするように、互いに適合されている、請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記エネルギは機械的エネルギである、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記エネルギは機械振動エネルギである、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記エネルギを伝えるステップは、前記挿入部分(12)が前記開口部(23)内に延在している状態で、振動するソノトロードを前記第1の物体(1)の近位端面に対して押当てるステップを含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記挿入部分(12)が前記開口部(23)に少なくとも部分的に挿入されている間に、前記第2の物体(2)にクランプ力を加えるステップを含み、前記クランプ力は、前記第2の物体(2)の強度がより小さい方向(y)に沿って作用し、前記クランプ力は、前記開口軸(25)に対して非平行な方向に作用する、請求項1から19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の物体は複数の開口部(23)を有し、前記第1の物体(1)を設けるステップは、対応する数の第1の物体(1)を設けるステップを含み、前記挿入部分を固定するステップは、異なる複数の第1の物体(1)のために同時にまたは連続して実行される、請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の材料は、浸透可能な表面構造を含む繊維質および多孔質のうちの1つであり、圧力を加えたときに十分に浸透に抵抗することができない、請求項1から21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の材料は、チップボード、木材、繊維板、合板、パーティクルボードおよび厚紙のうちの1つである、請求項1から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の材料は、少なくとも0.5GPaの弾性係数を有する熱可塑性ポリマーを含む、請求項1から23のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から24のいずれか一項に記載の前記方法を実行するための機械であって、前記挿入部分(12)を前記開口部(23)に少なくとも部分的に挿入することができる挿入機構と、前記固定するステップのために、前記第1の材料の液化に適した前記エネルギを前記第1の物体(1)もしくは前記第2の物体(2)または前記第1の物体(1)および前記第2の物体(2)の両方に伝えることができる固定工具(3)とを含み、
前記挿入機構は、前記エネルギを伝えるステップよりも前に、前記挿入部分(12)の長軸を、前記第2の物体(2)の強度がより大きい方向(x)と位置合わせするための手段(54,56,91)を含む、機械。 - 熱可塑性材料および機械的振動を利用して、液化された前記熱可塑性材料が浸透可能な材料からなる物体(2)に固定されるための接合要素(1)であって、前記接合要素は、前記物体(2)に深く固定するための挿入部分(12)と、前記挿入部分(12)の近位側に頭部分(11)とを含み、前記頭部分(11)は、遠位側に面する肩部(18)、または前記頭部分(11)と前記挿入部分(12)との間における境界線を備え、前記接合要素は、前記挿入部分(12)の少なくとも表面上に熱可塑性材料を含み、前記挿入部分(12)は、短軸(46)に沿ってよりも、長軸(45)に沿って、より高い剛性を有する、接合要素(1)。
- 前記挿入部分(12)は、軸方向に延びる少なくとも1つの溝(37)を含み、前記溝は、前記挿入部分の直径の平均の少なくとも15%の深さを有する、請求項26に記載の接合要素(1)。
- 前記溝は、前記挿入部分の直径の平均の少なくとも50%の深さを有する、請求項27に記載の接合要素(1)。
- 固定部分(12)は、シャフトの対向する側面上に、互い違いに配列された複数の溝(37)を含む、請求項27または28に記載の接合要素。
- 前記挿入部分は、中心から外周に向かう挿入部分軸に対して垂直な区域において、本質的にS字状の断面を有する、請求項29に記載の接合要素。
- スリット(32)を含み、前記スリット(32)は、その遠位端から延在し、前記挿入部分(12)を少なくとも2つの部分(31)に分割する、請求項26から30のいずれか一項に記載の接合要素。
- 前記挿入部分は非円形の穴(36)を有し、前記非円形の穴(36)は、その遠位端から前記挿入部分(12)の中心軸に沿って延在する、請求項26から31のいずれか一項に記載の接合要素。
- 前記挿入部分(12)は、非円形の断面を有する本体を有する、請求項26から32のいずれか一項に記載の接合要素。
- 前記本体から外向きに延在する複数のエネルギディレクタ(19)を含む、請求項33に記載の接合要素。
- 前記挿入部分(12)は、本体と、前記本体から外向きに延在する複数のエネルギディレクタ(19)とを有し、前記エネルギディレクタ(19)は、不均等に分散されている、および/または、大きさが不均等である、請求項26から34のいずれか一項に記載の接合要素。
- 前記挿入部分(12)は近位部分(81)および遠位部分(82)を有し、前記挿入部分が短軸(46)に沿ってよりも長軸(45)に沿って、より高い剛性を有するという条件が、少なくとも前記近位部分(81)について成立する、請求項26から35のいずれか一項に記載の接合要素。
- 前記挿入部分(12)は挿入部分位置合わせ構造(34)を含む、請求項26から36のいずれか一項に記載の接合要素。
- 前記挿入部分位置合わせ構造(34)は、前記挿入部分(12)を第2の物体(2)に対して所望の位置に向けるために前記頭部分(11)に隣接して配置される、請求項37に記載の接合要素。
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