JP6657740B2 - Sliding material, molded product thereof, and sliding member - Google Patents
Sliding material, molded product thereof, and sliding member Download PDFInfo
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- JP6657740B2 JP6657740B2 JP2015198235A JP2015198235A JP6657740B2 JP 6657740 B2 JP6657740 B2 JP 6657740B2 JP 2015198235 A JP2015198235 A JP 2015198235A JP 2015198235 A JP2015198235 A JP 2015198235A JP 6657740 B2 JP6657740 B2 JP 6657740B2
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- sliding
- mass
- sliding material
- molded body
- thermosetting resin
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 86
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006253 pitch coke Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- JUNWLZAGQLJVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium diphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O JUNWLZAGQLJVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019821 dicalcium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OMSYGYSPFZQFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-J zinc pyrophosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O OMSYGYSPFZQFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000393 dicalcium diphosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MHJAJDCZWVHCPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimagnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O MHJAJDCZWVHCPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XZTWHWHGBBCSMX-UHFFFAOYSA-J dimagnesium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XZTWHWHGBBCSMX-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004137 magnesium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucasaeureamid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GWFGDXZQZYMSMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecansaeure-heptadecylester Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC GWFGDXZQZYMSMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940063655 aluminum stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-monoglyceryl stearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001714 calcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940043256 calcium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium titanate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000395 dimagnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019791 dimagnesium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJOLCKGSXLIVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;octadecanamide Chemical compound C=C.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ZJOLCKGSXLIVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- LZXGBBYVBJFKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptatriacontanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O LZXGBBYVBJFKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000400 magnesium phosphate tribasic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWHAQEYMVUEVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium potassium Chemical compound [Mg].[K] SWHAQEYMVUEVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- RHJYKEDKMHDZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-L metaphosphoric acid (hpo3), magnesium salt Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]P(=O)=O.[O-]P(=O)=O RHJYKEDKMHDZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000401 monomagnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019785 monomagnesium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKBWPOSQERPBFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC NKBWPOSQERPBFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940037312 stearamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011271 tar pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
本発明は、摺動材料及びその成形体、並びに摺動部材に関する。 The present invention relates to a sliding material, a molded product thereof, and a sliding member.
軸受、シールリング、ブレード等の摺動部を有する部品には、種々の材料からなる摺動部材が使用されている。例えば、カーボン焼結体（例えば、特許文献１参照）及び固体潤滑材を含有する熱硬化性樹脂（例えば、特許文献２参照）は、摩擦係数が小さく、かつ耐摩耗性に優れるという性質を活かし、無潤滑環境下で使用可能な摺動部材として使用されている。 As components having a sliding portion such as a bearing, a seal ring, and a blade, sliding members made of various materials are used. For example, a carbon sintered body (for example, see Patent Literature 1) and a thermosetting resin containing a solid lubricant (for example, see Patent Literature 2) make use of the properties of a low friction coefficient and excellent wear resistance. It is used as a sliding member that can be used in a non-lubricated environment.
特許文献１に記載されているようなカーボン焼結体は、摩擦係数が低く優れた耐摩耗性を示すが、使用環境によっては強度が足りずに破損が生じるおそれがある。他方、特許文献２に記載されているような固体潤滑材を含有する熱硬化性樹脂は、カーボン焼結体に比べて強度に優れるものの、相手材の材質として一般的な鉄合金、アルミニウム合金等よりも熱膨張係数が大きく、駆動時の温度上昇により体積が膨張して摩擦係数が増大するおそれがある。 The carbon sintered body as described in Patent Literature 1 has a low coefficient of friction and excellent wear resistance, but may be damaged due to insufficient strength depending on the use environment. On the other hand, a thermosetting resin containing a solid lubricant as described in Patent Literature 2 is superior in strength as compared with a carbon sintered body, but is generally used as a material of a mating material such as an iron alloy or an aluminum alloy. The coefficient of thermal expansion is larger than that of the first embodiment, and the volume may expand due to a rise in temperature during driving, and the coefficient of friction may increase.
本発明は上記事情に鑑み、無潤滑環境下で使用可能であって、充分な強度を有し、寸法安定性に優れる摺動材料及びその成形体、並びに摺動部材を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a sliding material which can be used in a non-lubricated environment, has sufficient strength, is excellent in dimensional stability, a molded product thereof, and a sliding member. I do.
上記課題を解決するための手段には、以下の実施態様が含まれる。
＜１＞フェノール樹脂を含む熱硬化性樹脂と、炭素材料とを含み、前記熱硬化性樹脂の含有率が、前記熱硬化性樹脂及び前記炭素材料の合計質量の１５質量％〜３０質量％である、摺動材料。
＜２＞皮膜調整材をさらに含む、＜１＞に記載の摺動材料。
＜３＞前記皮膜調整材が、アルミノケイ酸塩、炭酸塩、リン酸塩、チタン酸塩及び水酸化物からなる群より選択される少なくとも１つを含む、＜２＞に記載の摺動材料。
＜４＞前記炭素材料が炭素質材料と、黒鉛質材料とを含み、前記炭素質材料と前記黒鉛質材料との質量比（炭素質材料／黒鉛質材料）が０．１〜３．０である、＜１＞〜＜３＞のいずれか１つに記載の摺動材料。
＜５＞＜１＞〜＜４＞のいずれか１つに記載の摺動材料の成形体。
＜６＞かさ密度が１７００ｋｇｆ／ｍ３〜１９００ｋｇｆ／ｍ３である、＜５＞に記載の摺動材料の成形体。
＜７＞＜５＞又は＜６＞に記載の摺動材料の成形体を含む、摺動部材。
Means for solving the above problems include the following embodiments.
<1> A thermosetting resin containing a phenol resin and a carbon material, wherein the content of the thermosetting resin is 15% by mass to 30% by mass of the total mass of the thermosetting resin and the carbon material. There is a sliding material.
<2> The sliding material according to <1>, further including a film adjusting material.
<3> The sliding material according to <2>, wherein the film adjusting material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminosilicate, carbonate, phosphate, titanate, and hydroxide.
<4> The carbon material includes a carbonaceous material and a graphite material, and the mass ratio of the carbonaceous material to the graphite material (carbonaceous material / graphite material) is 0.1 to 3.0. The sliding material according to any one of <1> to <3>.
<5> A molded article of the sliding material according to any one of <1> to <4>.
<6> The molded article of the sliding material according to <5>, wherein the bulk density is 1700 kgf / m 3 to 1900 kgf / m 3 .
<7> A sliding member including a molded article of the sliding material according to <5> or <6>.
本発明によれば、無潤滑環境下で使用可能であって、充分な強度を有し、寸法安定性に優れる摺動部材を形成可能な摺動材料及びその成形体、並びに摺動部材が提供される。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the sliding material which can be used in a lubrication-free environment, has sufficient intensity | strength, and can form a sliding member excellent in dimensional stability, its molded object, and a sliding member are provided. Is done.
以下、本発明を実施するための形態について詳細に説明する。但し、本発明は以下の実施形態に限定されるものではない。以下の実施形態において、その構成要素（要素ステップ等も含む）は、特に明示した場合を除き、必須ではない。数値及びその範囲についても同様であり、本発明を制限するものではない。
本明細書において「工程」との語には、他の工程から独立した工程に加え、他の工程と明確に区別できない場合であってもその工程の目的が達成されれば、当該工程も含まれる。
本明細書において「〜」を用いて示された数値範囲には、「〜」の前後に記載される数値がそれぞれ最小値及び最大値として含まれる。
本明細書において組成物中の各成分の含有率は、組成物中に各成分に該当する物質が複数種存在する場合、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する当該複数種の物質の合計の含有率を意味する。
本明細書において組成物中の各成分の粒子径は、組成物中に各成分に該当する粒子が複数種存在する場合、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する当該複数種の粒子の混合物についての値を意味する。
Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In the following embodiments, the components (including the element steps and the like) are not essential unless otherwise specified. The same applies to numerical values and their ranges, and does not limit the present invention.
In this specification, the term "step" includes, in addition to a step independent of other steps, even if the purpose of the step is achieved even if it cannot be clearly distinguished from the other steps, the step is also included. It is.
In the present specification, the numerical value range indicated by using “to” includes the numerical value described before and after “to” as the minimum value and the maximum value, respectively.
In the present specification, the content of each component in the composition, if there are a plurality of substances corresponding to each component in the composition, unless otherwise specified, the total of the plurality of substances present in the composition Means the content of
In the present specification, the particle diameter of each component in the composition, when there are a plurality of particles corresponding to each component in the composition, unless otherwise specified, a mixture of the plurality of particles present in the composition Means the value of
＜摺動材料及びその成形体＞
本実施の形態の摺動材料は、フェノール樹脂を含む熱硬化性樹脂と、炭素材料とを含み、前記熱硬化性樹脂の含有率が、前記熱硬化性樹脂及び前記炭素材料の合計質量の１５質量％〜３０質量％である。
<Sliding material and molded product thereof>
The sliding material of the present embodiment includes a thermosetting resin containing a phenolic resin and a carbon material, and the content of the thermosetting resin is 15% of the total mass of the thermosetting resin and the carbon material. % By mass to 30% by mass.
本実施の形態の摺動材料の成形体は、摺動部材として用いたときに、無潤滑環境下で使用可能である。すなわち、潤滑剤を使用せず、成形体の表面を相手材にそのまま接触させて使用することができる。炭素材料を含有する成形体は、摩耗した際に発生する摩耗粉が摺動材料及び相手材の接触面に付着して皮膜を形成することで、良好な耐摩耗性を発現すると考えられている。 The molded body of the sliding material of the present embodiment can be used in a non-lubricated environment when used as a sliding member. That is, the surface of the molded body can be used as it is, without using a lubricant, by directly contacting the surface of the molded body. It is considered that a molded body containing a carbon material develops good wear resistance by forming a film by abrasion powder generated when worn and attached to a contact surface of a sliding material and a mating material. .
さらに、本実施の形態の摺動材料の成形体は、炭素材料に加えてフェノール樹脂を含む熱硬化性樹脂を特定の比率で含有することで、強度に優れ、かつ寸法安定性に優れる（熱膨張係数が小さい）。
摺動材料の成形体を得る方法は特に制限されない。例えば、摺動材料に対して所望の形状となるように加熱及び加圧を行う（加熱成形）方法が挙げられる。加熱及び加圧の方法は特に制限されず、公知の方法で行うことができる。
Furthermore, the molded article of the sliding material according to the present embodiment has excellent strength and excellent dimensional stability by containing a thermosetting resin containing a phenolic resin in addition to the carbon material at a specific ratio. Low expansion coefficient).
The method for obtaining the molded body of the sliding material is not particularly limited. For example, there is a method in which heating and pressing are performed so that the sliding material has a desired shape (heat molding). The method of heating and pressurizing is not particularly limited, and can be performed by a known method.
本実施の形態の摺動材料の成形体のかさ密度は、１７００ｋｇｆ／ｍ３〜１９００ｋｇｆ／ｍ３であることが好ましく、１７５０ｋｇｆ／ｍ３〜１９００ｋｇｆ／ｍ３であることがより好ましい。摺動材料の成形体のかさ密度が１７００ｋｇｆ／ｍ３以上であると、充分な強度が得られる傾向にあり、１９００ｋｇｆ／ｍ３以下であると、摺動部材としての重さが軽くなる傾向にある。本実施の形態においてかさ密度は、１０ｍｍ×１０ｍｍ×５０ｍｍの試験片を用いてＪＩＳ Ｒ ７２１２：１９９５に準じて測定される値である。 Bulk density of the molded body of sliding material according to the present embodiment is preferably 1700kgf / m 3 ~1900kgf / m 3 , more preferably 1750kgf / m 3 ~1900kgf / m 3 . If the bulk density of the molded body of the sliding material is 1700 kgf / m 3 or more, sufficient strength tends to be obtained, and if it is 1900 kgf / m 3 or less, the weight as the sliding member tends to be light. is there. In the present embodiment, the bulk density is a value measured according to JIS R 7212: 1995 using a test piece of 10 mm × 10 mm × 50 mm.
摺動材料の成形体のかさ密度は、原材料の組成及び製造条件に依存して変化する。特に、成形温度、成形圧力等の成形条件に大きく依存する。従って、これらの条件を変更することによって所望のかさ密度を有する成形体を得ることができる。 The bulk density of the molded body of the sliding material changes depending on the composition of the raw material and the manufacturing conditions. In particular, it greatly depends on molding conditions such as molding temperature and molding pressure. Therefore, a molded body having a desired bulk density can be obtained by changing these conditions.
（Ａ）熱硬化性樹脂
本実施の形態の摺動材料は、熱硬化性樹脂としてフェノール樹脂を含む。本実施の形態の摺動材料の成形体は、摺動部材として、高温環境下で用いられる場合がある。また、高温でない使用環境でも駆動時の摩擦による摩擦熱の発生により摺動部材自体が高温になる。そのため、摺動材料の成形体には高温環境下でも耐えうる耐熱性が必要とされる。以上のことから、使用する樹脂としては耐熱性に優れる熱硬化性樹脂であることが必要である。熱硬化性樹脂の中でも、フェノール樹脂は３次元的な網目構造を持つことから、電気的、機械的特性に優れ、特に耐熱性、難燃性に優れている。従って、本実施の形態の摺動材料は熱硬化性樹脂としてフェノール樹脂を含む。
熱硬化性樹脂中のフェノール樹脂の含有率は、７０質量％以上であることが好ましく、８０質量％以上であることがより好ましく、９０質量％以上であることがさらに好ましい。摺動材料は、フェノール樹脂以外の熱硬化性樹脂を含んでもよく、このような樹脂としてはエポキシ樹脂、ユリア樹脂、メラミン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ジアリルフタレート樹脂等が挙げられる。
(A) Thermosetting resin The sliding material of the present embodiment contains a phenol resin as the thermosetting resin. The molded body of the sliding material of the present embodiment may be used as a sliding member in a high-temperature environment. Further, even in a usage environment where the temperature is not high, the sliding member itself becomes high temperature due to the generation of frictional heat due to friction during driving. Therefore, the molded body of the sliding material is required to have heat resistance that can withstand a high temperature environment. From the above, it is necessary that the resin used is a thermosetting resin having excellent heat resistance. Among thermosetting resins, phenolic resins have a three-dimensional network structure and are therefore excellent in electrical and mechanical properties, and particularly excellent in heat resistance and flame retardancy. Therefore, the sliding material of the present embodiment contains a phenol resin as the thermosetting resin.
The content of the phenol resin in the thermosetting resin is preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 80% by mass or more, and even more preferably 90% by mass or more. The sliding material may include a thermosetting resin other than the phenol resin, and examples of such a resin include an epoxy resin, a urea resin, a melamine resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, and a diallyl phthalate resin.
フェノール樹脂としては、例えば、ノボラック型フェノール樹脂及びレゾール型フェノール樹脂が挙げられ、いずれか一方のみを用いても両者を併用してもよい。 Examples of the phenol resin include a novolak-type phenol resin and a resol-type phenol resin, and either one of them may be used or both may be used in combination.
フェノール樹脂を含む熱硬化性樹脂の含有率は、摺動材料に含まれる熱硬化性樹脂及び炭素材料の合計質量の１５質量％〜３０質量％である。フェノール樹脂を含む熱硬化性樹脂の含有率が１５質量％であると、摺動材料の成形体に充分な強度を付与できる。フェノール樹脂を含む熱硬化性樹脂の含有率が３０質量％以下であると、摺動材料の成形体に充分な寸法安定性を付与できる。摺動材料の成形体の強度の観点からは、熱硬化性樹脂と炭素材料の合計質量の２３質量％〜３０質量％であることが好ましく、寸法安定性の観点からは、熱硬化性樹脂と炭素材料の合計質量の１５質量％〜２７質量％であることが好ましい。従って、摺動材料の成形体の強度の向上と寸法安定性の双方の観点からは、フェノール樹脂を含む熱硬化性樹脂の含有率は、熱硬化性樹脂と炭素材料の合計質量の２３質量％〜２７質量％であることがより好ましい。 The content of the thermosetting resin containing the phenolic resin is 15% by mass to 30% by mass of the total mass of the thermosetting resin and the carbon material contained in the sliding material. When the content of the thermosetting resin including the phenol resin is 15% by mass, a sufficient strength can be imparted to the molded body of the sliding material. When the content of the thermosetting resin including the phenol resin is 30% by mass or less, sufficient dimensional stability can be imparted to the molded body of the sliding material. From the viewpoint of the strength of the molded body of the sliding material, it is preferably from 23% by mass to 30% by mass of the total mass of the thermosetting resin and the carbon material. It is preferably 15% by mass to 27% by mass of the total mass of the carbon material. Therefore, from the viewpoint of both improvement in strength and dimensional stability of the molded body of the sliding material, the content of the thermosetting resin including the phenol resin is 23% by mass of the total mass of the thermosetting resin and the carbon material. It is more preferable that the content be 27% by mass.
（Ｂ）炭素材料
本実施の形態において炭素材料とは、有機物が炭素化した物質（炭素化物）を意味する。炭素材料は、結晶性の度合いの低い炭素質材料と、結晶性の度合いの高い黒鉛質材料とに大別される。炭素質材料として具体的には、コークス、カーボンブラック、活性炭、石炭、木炭等が挙げられる。黒鉛質材料として具体的には、黒鉛が挙げられる。黒鉛としては、天然黒鉛及び人造黒鉛のいずれも使用できる。炭素材料は１種を単独で用いても、２種以上を併用してもよい。炭素材料を２種以上併用する場合としては、炭素材料の種類、平均粒子径、粒子形状等が異なる炭素材料を２種以上併用する場合が挙げられる。
(B) Carbon material In this embodiment, the carbon material means a substance (carbonized substance) obtained by carbonizing an organic substance. Carbon materials are roughly divided into carbonaceous materials having a low degree of crystallinity and graphitic materials having a high degree of crystallinity. Specific examples of the carbonaceous material include coke, carbon black, activated carbon, coal, and charcoal. Specific examples of the graphite material include graphite. As the graphite, either natural graphite or artificial graphite can be used. One type of carbon material may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination. As a case where two or more kinds of carbon materials are used in combination, a case where two or more kinds of carbon materials having different types, average particle diameters, particle shapes and the like of the carbon materials are used in combination is exemplified.
摺動材料の成形体の寸法安定性の観点からは、炭素材料の含有率は、摺動材料に含まれる熱硬化性樹脂及び炭素材料の合計質量の７３質量％〜８５質量％であることが好ましく、強度及び成形時の流動性の観点からは、熱硬化性樹脂及び炭素材料の合計質量の７０質量％〜７７質量％であることが好ましい。従って、摺動材料の成形体の寸法安定性、強度及び成形時の流動性の観点からは、炭素材料の含有率は、熱硬化性樹脂及び炭素材料の合計質量の７３質量％〜７７質量％であることがより好ましい。 From the viewpoint of the dimensional stability of the molded body of the sliding material, the content of the carbon material may be 73% by mass to 85% by mass of the total mass of the thermosetting resin and the carbon material included in the sliding material. Preferably, from the viewpoints of strength and fluidity during molding, it is preferably 70% by mass to 77% by mass of the total mass of the thermosetting resin and the carbon material. Therefore, from the viewpoints of dimensional stability, strength and fluidity during molding of the molded body of the sliding material, the content of the carbon material is 73% by mass to 77% by mass of the total mass of the thermosetting resin and the carbon material. Is more preferable.
摺動材料の成形体の強度の観点からは、炭素材料は炭素質材料を含むことが好ましい。他方、耐摩耗性の観点からは、炭素材料は黒鉛質材料を含むことが好ましい。従って、摺動材料の成形体の強度及び耐摩耗性の観点からは、炭素材料は炭素質材料と黒鉛質材料とを含むことが好ましい。価格及び品質安定性の観点からは、炭素材料は炭素質材料としてコークスと、黒鉛質材料として人造黒鉛とを含むことが好ましい。 From the viewpoint of the strength of the molded body of the sliding material, the carbon material preferably contains a carbonaceous material. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of wear resistance, the carbon material preferably contains a graphitic material. Therefore, from the viewpoint of the strength and wear resistance of the molded body of the sliding material, the carbon material preferably includes a carbonaceous material and a graphite material. From the viewpoint of price and quality stability, the carbon material preferably contains coke as the carbonaceous material and artificial graphite as the graphite material.
炭素材料が炭素質材料と、黒鉛質材料とを含む場合、炭素質材料と黒鉛質材料との質量比（炭素質材料／黒鉛質材料）は０．１〜３．０であることが好ましい。前記比率が０．１以上であると、摺動材料の成形体の強度が充分に得られる傾向にある。また、成形体を摺動部材として用いたときに、黒鉛質材料の量が多すぎず、成形体の表面に形成される皮膜への摩耗粉の過度の付着が抑制され、皮膜の厚みが適切に維持されて優れた耐摩耗性が維持される傾向にある。前記比率が３．０以下であると、成形体の表面に充分な厚みの皮膜が形成されて優れた耐摩耗性が維持される傾向にある。以上の総合的な観点からは、炭素質材料と黒鉛質材料との質量比（炭素質材料／黒鉛質材料）は０．４〜１．５であることがより好ましく、０．６〜１．５であることがさらに好ましい。 When the carbon material includes a carbonaceous material and a graphite material, the mass ratio of the carbonaceous material and the graphite material (carbonaceous material / graphite material) is preferably 0.1 to 3.0. When the ratio is 0.1 or more, the strength of the molded body of the sliding material tends to be sufficiently obtained. In addition, when the molded body is used as a sliding member, the amount of the graphite material is not too large, and excessive adhesion of wear powder to a film formed on the surface of the molded body is suppressed, and the thickness of the film is appropriate. , And excellent abrasion resistance tends to be maintained. When the ratio is 3.0 or less, a film having a sufficient thickness is formed on the surface of the molded body, and excellent wear resistance tends to be maintained. From the above comprehensive viewpoint, the mass ratio between the carbonaceous material and the graphite material (carbonaceous material / graphite material) is more preferably 0.4 to 1.5, and 0.6 to 1. More preferably, it is 5.
炭素材料は、原材料であるときの状態が粒子状であることが好ましい。例えば、平均粒子径が５μｍ〜１００μｍであることが好ましく、１０μｍ〜５０μｍであることがより好ましく、１５μｍ〜４０μｍであることがさらに好ましい。粒子の形状は特に制限されず、球状、燐片状、塊状等が挙げられる。ここでの平均粒子径は、レーザー回折法によりＪＩＳ Ｚ ８８２５：２０１３に準じて測定される値である。 It is preferable that the state of the carbon material when it is a raw material is particulate. For example, the average particle diameter is preferably from 5 μm to 100 μm, more preferably from 10 μm to 50 μm, even more preferably from 15 μm to 40 μm. The shape of the particles is not particularly limited, and may be spherical, scaly, massive, and the like. The average particle diameter here is a value measured by a laser diffraction method according to JIS Z 8825: 2013.
（Ｃ）皮膜調整材
摺動材料は、皮膜調整材をさらに含むことが好ましい。本実施の形態において皮膜調整材とは、モース硬度が２〜６である物質（炭素材料を除く）を意味する。皮膜調整材は、摺動材料の成形体を摺動部材として用いたときに、摩耗粉によって成形体及び相手材の表面に形成される皮膜を削り、皮膜の厚みを適切に維持する役割（皮膜調整効果）を果たす。
モース硬度は、滑石、石膏、方解石、ホタル石、燐灰石、正長石、石英、黄玉、鋼玉、及びダイアモンドを標準物質として、モース硬度計を用いて調べることができる。
(C) Film adjusting material The sliding material preferably further includes a film adjusting material. In the present embodiment, the film adjusting material means a substance (excluding a carbon material) having a Mohs hardness of 2 to 6. When a molded body of a sliding material is used as a sliding member, the film adjusting material is used to cut off the film formed on the surface of the molded body and the mating material by wear powder, and to appropriately maintain the thickness of the film (film). Adjustment effect).
Mohs hardness can be determined using a Mohs hardness meter using talc, gypsum, calcite, fluorite, apatite, feldspar, quartz, jade, steel ball and diamond as standard substances.
充分な皮膜調整効果を得る観点からは、皮膜調整材の含有率は摺動材料の全質量の０．３質量％以上であることが好ましく、皮膜の過度な研磨を抑制する観点からは、皮膜調整材の含有率は摺動材料の全質量の５質量％以下であることが好ましい。従って、皮膜調整材の含有率は摺動材料の全質量の０．５質量％〜３質量％であることがより好ましく、１質量％〜２質量％であることがさらに好ましい。 From the viewpoint of obtaining a sufficient effect of adjusting the film, the content of the film adjusting material is preferably 0.3% by mass or more of the total mass of the sliding material. From the viewpoint of suppressing excessive polishing of the film, The content of the adjusting material is preferably 5% by mass or less of the total mass of the sliding material. Therefore, the content of the film adjusting material is more preferably 0.5% by mass to 3% by mass of the total mass of the sliding material, and further preferably 1% by mass to 2% by mass.
充分な皮膜調整効果を得る観点からは、皮膜調整材のモース硬度は３以上であることが好ましく、４以上であることがより好ましい。皮膜の過度な研磨を抑制する観点からは、皮膜調整材のモース硬度は５以下であることがより好ましい。 From the viewpoint of obtaining a sufficient film adjusting effect, the Mohs hardness of the film adjusting material is preferably 3 or more, more preferably 4 or more. From the viewpoint of suppressing excessive polishing of the film, the Mohs hardness of the film adjusting material is more preferably 5 or less.
皮膜調整材としては、例えば、アルミノケイ酸塩、炭酸塩、リン酸塩、チタン酸塩、及び水酸化物からなる群より選択される少なくとも１つを含むことが好ましい。具体的には、長石、沸石（ゼオライト）、粘土鉱物、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸バリウム、炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸リチウム、リン酸カルシウム、リン酸水素カルシウム、リン酸二水素カルシウム、二リン酸カルシウム（ピロリン酸カルシウム）、リン酸一マグネシウム、リン酸二マグネシウム、リン酸三マグネシウム、二リン酸マグネシウム（ピロリン酸マグネシウム）、メタリン酸マグネシウム、リン酸亜鉛、二リン酸亜鉛（ピロリン酸亜鉛）、チタン酸カリウム、チタン酸リチウムカリウム、チタン酸マグネシウム、チタン酸マグネシウムカリウム、チタン酸カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化亜鉛等が挙げられる。皮膜調整材は１種を単独で用いても、２種以上を併用してもよい。 It is preferable that the film adjusting material contains, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminosilicate, carbonate, phosphate, titanate, and hydroxide. Specifically, feldspar, zeolite (zeolite), clay mineral, calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, lithium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium diphosphate (calcium pyrophosphate), Monomagnesium phosphate, dimagnesium phosphate, trimagnesium phosphate, magnesium diphosphate (magnesium pyrophosphate), magnesium metaphosphate, zinc phosphate, zinc diphosphate (zinc pyrophosphate), potassium titanate, lithium titanate Potassium, magnesium titanate, potassium magnesium titanate, calcium titanate, calcium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc hydroxide and the like can be mentioned. One kind of the film adjusting material may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
（Ｄ）モース硬度が２未満の無機物
摺動材料は、モース硬度が２未満の無機物を含んでいてもよい。モース硬度が２未満の無機物は、固体潤滑材として作用する。モース硬度が２未満の無機物としては、タルク、二硫化モリブデン、二硫化タングステン、窒化ホウ素、雲母、セシウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、リン、リチウム、インジウム、塩化銀、カルシウム、ガリウム等が挙げられる。モース硬度が２未満の物質は１種を単独で用いても、２種以上を併用してもよい。摺動材料がモース硬度が２未満の物質を含む場合、その含有率は特に制限されない。例えば、摺動材料の全質量の０．１質量％〜１０質量％とすることができる。
(D) Inorganic substance having Mohs hardness of less than 2 The sliding material may include an inorganic substance having Mohs hardness of less than 2. An inorganic substance having a Mohs hardness of less than 2 acts as a solid lubricant. Examples of the inorganic substance having a Mohs hardness of less than 2 include talc, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride, mica, cesium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, lithium, indium, silver chloride, calcium, and gallium. One substance having a Mohs hardness of less than 2 may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When the sliding material contains a substance having a Mohs hardness of less than 2, the content is not particularly limited. For example, it can be 0.1% by mass to 10% by mass of the total mass of the sliding material.
（Ｅ）離型剤
摺動材料は、摺動材料の成形体の強度、寸法安定性及び耐摩耗性が著しく低下しない範囲で離型剤を含有してもよい。離型剤としては、流動パラフィン、パラフィンワックス、合成ポリエチレンワックス、ステアリン酸、ステアリン酸亜鉛、ステアリン酸アルミニウム、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸アミド、オレイン酸アミド、エルカ酸アミド、メチレンビスステアリン酸アミド、エチレンビスステアリン酸アミド、ステアリン酸モノグリセリド、ステアリルステアレート、硬化油等が挙げられる。離型剤は１種を単独で用いても、２種以上を併用してもよい。摺動材料が離型剤を含む場合の含有率は特に制限されず、例えば摺動材料の全質量の０．３質量％〜１．５質量％とすることができる。
(E) Release Agent The sliding material may contain a release agent as long as the strength, dimensional stability, and abrasion resistance of the molded body of the sliding material are not significantly reduced. Release agents include liquid paraffin, paraffin wax, synthetic polyethylene wax, stearic acid, zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, stearamide, oleic amide, erucamide, methylene bis stearic acid Examples include amide, ethylene bisstearic acid amide, stearic acid monoglyceride, stearyl stearate, and hydrogenated oil. One release agent may be used alone, or two or more release agents may be used in combination. When the sliding material contains a release agent, the content is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 0.3% by mass to 1.5% by mass of the total mass of the sliding material.
＜摺動部材＞
本実施の形態の摺動部材は、上述した摺動材料の成形体を含む。本実施の形態の摺動部材は、無潤滑環境下で使用可能であって、充分な強度を有し、寸法安定性に優れている。摺動部材は、摺動材料の成形体のみからなっていても、摺動材料の成形体と他の部材との組み合わせであってもよい。摺動部材として具体的には、軸受け、シールリング、ブレード、ローター、プーリー等が挙げられる。
<Sliding member>
The sliding member of the present embodiment includes a molded body of the above-described sliding material. The sliding member of the present embodiment can be used in a non-lubricated environment, has sufficient strength, and has excellent dimensional stability. The sliding member may be formed only of a molded body of the sliding material, or may be a combination of the molded body of the sliding material and another member. Specific examples of the sliding member include a bearing, a seal ring, a blade, a rotor, and a pulley.
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明の範囲はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
〔実施例１〜１０及び比較例１〕
表１に示す原材料を表１に示す配合比率で混合し、双腕型ニーダー（株式会社栗本鉄工所）に投入し、２３回転／分（ｒｐｍ）、５０℃で１時間加熱混合した。得られた混合物（摺動材料）を、平均粒子径が２５μｍとなるように粉砕した。次いで、粉砕物を１５０ｍｍ×２５０ｍｍ×５０ｍｍの金型に入れ、成形面圧０．２ＭＰａ、金型温度１８０℃、成形時間１０分の条件で成形した。得られた成形体（摺動部材）を２５０℃で１０時間熱処理した。
[Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Example 1]
The raw materials shown in Table 1 were mixed at the compounding ratio shown in Table 1, charged into a double-arm kneader (Kurimoto Iron Works, Ltd.), and heated and mixed at 50 rpm at 23 rpm for 1 hour. The obtained mixture (sliding material) was pulverized so that the average particle diameter became 25 μm. Next, the pulverized product was placed in a 150 mm × 250 mm × 50 mm mold, and molded under the conditions of a molding surface pressure of 0.2 MPa, a mold temperature of 180 ° C., and a molding time of 10 minutes. The obtained molded body (sliding member) was heat-treated at 250 ° C. for 10 hours.
表１に記載の原材料の詳細は以下の通りである。
（Ａ）熱硬化性樹脂
フェノール樹脂１：日立化成株式会社、商品名：ＨＰ−６０１ＵＰ
フェノール樹脂２：エア・ウォーター・ベルパール株式会社、商品名：Ｓ８９０
フェノール樹脂３：昭和電工株式会社、商品名：ＢＲＰ−４０６
フェノール樹脂４：昭和電工株式会社、商品名：ＢＲＰ−２４４４
The details of the raw materials described in Table 1 are as follows.
(A) Thermosetting resin Phenolic resin 1: Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: HP-601UP
Phenol resin 2: Air Water Bell Pearl Co., Ltd., trade name: S890
Phenol resin 3: Showa Denko KK, trade name: BRP-406
Phenol resin 4: Showa Denko Corporation, trade name: BRP-2444
（Ｂ）炭素材料
コークス：株式会社シーケム、商品名：ＬＰＣ−Ａ、平均粒子径１８μｍ、モース硬度４
人造黒鉛１：オリエンタル産業株式会社、商品名：ＡＴ−Ｎｏ５、平均粒子径３７μｍ、モース硬度１
人造黒鉛２：オリエンタル産業株式会社、商品名：ＡＴ−Ｎｏ１０、平均粒子径１８μｍ、モース硬度１
人造黒鉛３：ＴＩＭＣＡＬ社、商品名：Ｔ−７５、平均粒子径３０μｍ、モース硬度１
(B) Carbon material coke: Seachem Co., Ltd., trade name: LPC-A, average particle diameter 18 μm, Mohs hardness 4
Artificial graphite 1: Oriental Sangyo Co., Ltd., trade name: AT-No5, average particle diameter 37 μm, Mohs hardness 1
Artificial graphite 2: Oriental Sangyo Co., Ltd., trade name: AT-No10, average particle diameter 18 μm, Mohs hardness 1
Artificial graphite 3: TIMCAL, trade name: T-75, average particle diameter 30 μm, Mohs hardness 1
（Ｃ）皮膜調整材
皮膜調整材１：小野田化学工業株式会社、二リン酸カルシウム、モース硬度４
皮膜調整材２：大道製薬株式会社、二リン酸亜鉛、モース硬度５
(C) Film conditioner Film conditioner 1: Onoda Chemical Co., Ltd., calcium diphosphate, Mohs hardness 4
Coating conditioner 2: Daido Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., zinc diphosphate, Mohs hardness 5
（Ｄ）モース硬度が２未満の無機物
タルク：セイコー産業株式会社、商品名：ＣＴＡ−１、モース硬度１
(D) Inorganic talc having Mohs hardness of less than 2: Seiko Sangyo Co., Ltd., trade name: CTA-1, Mohs hardness 1
（Ｅ）離型剤
離型剤：堺化学工業株式会社、ステアリン酸亜鉛、商品名：ＳＺ−Ｐ
(E) Release agent Release agent: Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., zinc stearate, trade name: SZ-P
〔特性評価〕
実施例１〜１０及び比較例１で作製した熱処理後の成形体を用いて、以下の特性評価を行った。結果を表１に示す。
(Characteristic evaluation)
The following property evaluation was performed using the heat-treated molded bodies produced in Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Example 1. Table 1 shows the results.
（かさ密度測定）
かさ密度（単位：ｋｇｆ／ｍ３）は、熱処理後の成形体から切り出した１０ｍｍ×１０ｍｍ×５０ｍｍの試験片を用いて、ＪＩＳ Ｒ ７２１２：１９９５に準じて測定した。
(Bulk density measurement)
The bulk density (unit: kgf / m 3 ) was measured according to JIS R 7212: 1995 using a test piece of 10 mm × 10 mm × 50 mm cut out from the heat-treated molded body.
（曲げ強度測定）
曲げ強度（単位：ＭＰａ）は、アムスラー式万能試験機（株式会社島津製作所）を用い、成形の際に圧縮した方向に荷重を加え、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ６９１１：２００６に準じて測定した。測定は、熱処理後の成形体から切り出した１０ｍｍ×５ｍｍ×８０ｍｍの試験片を用いて行った。
(Bending strength measurement)
The bending strength (unit: MPa) was measured according to JIS K 6911: 2006 using an Amsler universal testing machine (Shimadzu Corporation) by applying a load in the direction of compression during molding. The measurement was performed using a test piece of 10 mm × 5 mm × 80 mm cut out from the heat-treated molded body.
（硬度測定）
硬度（単位：ＨｓＤ）は、Ｄ型ショア硬度計を用い、ＪＩＳ−Ｚ ２２４６：２０００に準じて測定した。
(Hardness measurement)
The hardness (unit: HsD) was measured using a D-type Shore hardness meter according to JIS-Z 2246: 2000.
（熱膨張係数）
熱膨張係数（単位：ｐｐｍ／Ｋ）は、熱処理後の成形体から切り出した５ｍｍ×５ｍｍ×１５ｍｍの試験片を用い、熱膨張計（商品名：ＤＬ−７０００ＲＨ、株式会社アルバック）を用い、昇温速度５℃／分、解析温度範囲 ＲＴから１５０℃の傾きより熱膨張係数を算出した。なお、熱膨張係数は圧縮方向に対して垂直方向（長手方向）の寸法を基準として算出した。
(Coefficient of thermal expansion)
The coefficient of thermal expansion (unit: ppm / K) was determined by using a 5 mm × 5 mm × 15 mm test piece cut out from the heat-treated molded body, using a thermal dilatometer (trade name: DL-7000RH, ULVAC, Inc.). The thermal expansion coefficient was calculated from a gradient of 150 ° C. from the temperature rate of 5 ° C./min and the analysis temperature range RT. The coefficient of thermal expansion was calculated based on the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the compression direction (longitudinal direction).
（摩擦係数及び摩耗量）
チップオンディスク型摩耗試験機（株式会社エー・アンド・ディー）を用いて摺動摩耗試験を行った。具体的には、熱処理後の成形体から切り出した１８ｍｍ×１２ｍｍ×８ｍｍの試験片に、リング（材質：ＳＵＳ３０４（ＪＩＳ Ｇ ４３０３：２００５）、外径：８５ｍｍ、内径：１５ｍｍ）を押し当て、面圧：０．１ＭＰａ、周速：１０ｍ／ｓ、雰囲気温度１００℃の条件で８時間測定した。
摩擦係数は、（回転トルク荷重（摩擦力）Ｆ（Ｎ））／（押付け荷重Ｐ（Ｎ））で算出される値とした。
摩耗量は、１時間あたりの摩耗深さ（μｍ／時間）とした。
(Friction coefficient and wear amount)
A sliding wear test was performed using a chip-on-disk type wear tester (A & D Co., Ltd.). Specifically, a ring (material: SUS304 (JIS G4303: 2005), outer diameter: 85 mm, inner diameter: 15 mm) was pressed against a test piece of 18 mm × 12 mm × 8 mm cut out of the heat-treated molded body, and the surface was pressed. The measurement was performed for 8 hours under the conditions of pressure: 0.1 MPa, peripheral speed: 10 m / s, and ambient temperature: 100 ° C.
The friction coefficient was a value calculated by (rotational torque load (frictional force) F (N)) / (pressing load P (N)).
The wear amount was defined as a wear depth per hour (μm / hour).
〔比較例２〕
人造黒鉛２を２０質量部、人造黒鉛３を２１質量部、タールピッチ５４質量部及びコールタール５質量部を混合して双腕型ニーダー（株式会社栗本鉄工所）に投入し、２３回転／分（ｒｐｍ）、２８０℃で８時間加熱混合した。得られた混合物を平均粒子径が２５μｍとなるように粉砕した。粉砕物を１５０ｍｍ×２５０ｍｍ×５０ｍｍの金型に入れ、成形面圧０．２ＭＰａ、金型温度１８０℃、成形時間１０分の条件で成形した。得られた成形体をシャトルキルン焼成炉（中外炉工業株式会社）に入れ、不活性雰囲気下で９００℃まで４００時間かけて昇温し、その後冷却することによって、炭素黒鉛質焼結材を得た。
[Comparative Example 2]
20 parts by mass of artificial graphite 2, 21 parts by mass of artificial graphite 3, 54 parts by mass of tar pitch and 5 parts by mass of coal tar were mixed and charged into a double-arm kneader (Kurimoto Iron Works Co., Ltd.) at 23 revolutions / minute. (Rpm) and mixed by heating at 280 ° C. for 8 hours. The obtained mixture was pulverized so that the average particle diameter became 25 μm. The pulverized product was placed in a 150 mm × 250 mm × 50 mm mold and molded under the conditions of a molding surface pressure of 0.2 MPa, a mold temperature of 180 ° C., and a molding time of 10 minutes. The obtained compact is placed in a shuttle kiln firing furnace (Chugai Furnace Industry Co., Ltd.), heated to 900 ° C. in an inert atmosphere over 400 hours, and then cooled to obtain a carbon-graphite sintered material. Was.
得られた炭素黒鉛質焼結材の特性評価を実施例と同様にして行った。その結果、かさ密度は１６７０ｋｇｆ／ｍ３であり、曲げ強度は４０ＭＰａであり、硬度は５５ＨｓＤであり、熱膨張係数は４ｐｐｍ／Ｋであり、摩擦係数は０．１２であり、摩耗量は３．１μｍ／時間であった。 The properties of the obtained carbon-graphite sintered material were evaluated in the same manner as in the examples. As a result, the bulk density was 1670 kgf / m 3 , the bending strength was 40 MPa, the hardness was 55 HsD, the thermal expansion coefficient was 4 ppm / K, the friction coefficient was 0.12, and the wear amount was 3. It was 1 μm / hour.
〔結果の考察〕
表１に示されるように、実施例１〜１０で作製した成形体は、フェノール樹脂を含まない比較例２に比べて強度及び耐摩耗性に優れていた。熱膨張係数は、比較例２より大きいものの、いずれも１９ｐｐｍ／Ｋ以下であった。これは摩擦相手材（ＳＵＳ３０４：熱膨張係数１６ｐｐｍ／Ｋ）に近い値であり、充分な寸法安定性を有していると判断できる。
また、実施例１〜１０で作製した成形体は、フェノール樹脂と炭素材料の合計質量におけるフェノール樹脂の割合が３６質量％である比較例１に比べて強度及び寸法安定性に優れていた。
[Consideration of results]
As shown in Table 1, the molded bodies produced in Examples 1 to 10 were superior in strength and abrasion resistance as compared with Comparative Example 2 containing no phenol resin. Although the thermal expansion coefficient was larger than Comparative Example 2, all were 19 ppm / K or less. This is a value close to the friction partner (SUS304: coefficient of thermal expansion 16 ppm / K), and it can be determined that the material has sufficient dimensional stability.
Further, the molded bodies produced in Examples 1 to 10 were superior in strength and dimensional stability as compared with Comparative Example 1 in which the ratio of the phenol resin to the total mass of the phenol resin and the carbon material was 36% by mass.
実施例１〜１０の中でも、炭素質材料／黒鉛質材料の値が０．６〜１．５の範囲内である実施例３〜９は、曲げ強度が８０ＭＰａ以上、硬度で７２以上であり、優れた強度及び硬度を有していた。さらに、摩耗量が１．９ｍｍ／時間以下であり、優れた耐摩耗性を有していた。 Among Examples 1 to 10, Examples 3 to 9 in which the value of the carbonaceous material / graphite material is in the range of 0.6 to 1.5 have a bending strength of 80 MPa or more and a hardness of 72 or more, It had excellent strength and hardness. Further, the abrasion amount was 1.9 mm / hour or less, and the abrasion resistance was excellent.
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| US11765872B2 (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2023-09-19 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd. | Electromagnetic wave shielding housing, inverter part, air conditioner part, and automotive part |
| CN116897188A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2023-10-17 | 住友电木株式会社 | Thermosetting resin composition for sliding member, cured product comprising the composition, and use thereof |
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| JP4358986B2 (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2009-11-04 | リグナイト株式会社 | Method for producing carbon / phenolic resin molding material |
| JP5251341B2 (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2013-07-31 | スターライト工業株式会社 | Heat-resistant sliding member |
| JP2012121932A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2012-06-28 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | Molding phenolic resin material |
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