JP6640175B2 - Construction method of excavated blade-mounted steel pipe and cast-in-place concrete pile for construction of cast-in-place concrete pile - Google Patents

Construction method of excavated blade-mounted steel pipe and cast-in-place concrete pile for construction of cast-in-place concrete pile Download PDF

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JP6640175B2
JP6640175B2 JP2017220583A JP2017220583A JP6640175B2 JP 6640175 B2 JP6640175 B2 JP 6640175B2 JP 2017220583 A JP2017220583 A JP 2017220583A JP 2017220583 A JP2017220583 A JP 2017220583A JP 6640175 B2 JP6640175 B2 JP 6640175B2
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仁志 市村
仁志 市村
高橋　秀一
秀一 高橋
浩史 川上
浩史 川上
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Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd
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この発明は、建物の基礎を支えるために地中に現場打ちで築造されるコンクリート系杭の築造に用いる現場打ちコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管、および現場打ちコンクリート系杭の築造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a steel pipe for mounting an excavation blade for the construction of a cast-in-place concrete pile used for the construction of a concrete pile built in place in the ground to support the foundation of a building, and a method of constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile. .

軟弱な地盤の上に建物を建てる場合、柱状改良工法、小口径鋼管杭を埋設する工法等により地盤を補強することが行われている。柱状改良工法は、地盤に杭孔を掘削しながら、掘削した土に固化材を混入して撹拌することにより、土を固化材で固めた柱状改良杭を築造する工法である。   When a building is built on soft ground, the ground is reinforced by a columnar improvement method, a method of burying small-diameter steel pipe piles, or the like. The columnar improvement method is a method of constructing a columnar improvement pile in which the soil is solidified with the solidified material by mixing the solidified material into the excavated soil and stirring while excavating a pile hole in the ground.

上記柱状改良工法に代わるものとして、特許文献１に、先端に掘削爪を有する掘削オーガにより地盤に杭孔を掘削し、その杭孔にセメント等からなる水硬性固化材液を充填しつつ、掘削オーガを地盤から引き上げることにより、水硬性固化材液が固化した置換コラムを築造する工法が提案されている。   As an alternative to the columnar improvement method, Patent Literature 1 discloses that a pile hole is excavated in the ground by an excavation auger having an excavation claw at the tip, and excavation is performed while filling the pile hole with a hydraulic hardening material liquid such as cement. A construction method has been proposed in which an auger is lifted from the ground to build a displacement column in which a hydraulic hardening material liquid has solidified.

また、特許文献２には、鋼管等からなる筒状のケーシングの下端に掘削刃を有する先端ヘッドを着脱可能に装着し、前記ケーシングおよび先端ヘッドを回転させつつ地中に貫入し、ケーシング内にセメントミルク等を充填し、その後、ケーシングから先端ヘッドを切り離してケーシングのみを地中から引き抜くことにより、コンクリート系杭を築造する工法が提案されている。   Further, in Patent Document 2, a tip head having an excavation blade is detachably attached to a lower end of a cylindrical casing made of a steel pipe or the like, and penetrates into the ground while rotating the casing and the tip head, and enters the casing. There has been proposed a construction method of constructing a concrete pile by filling cement milk or the like, separating the tip head from the casing, and then extracting only the casing from the ground.

特開２０１１−１０６２５３号公報JP 2011-106253 A 特開２００６−７７３８８号公報JP 2006-77388 A 特開２０１０−５９６０３号公報JP 2010-59603 A 特開２００４−１２４３９８号公報JP-A-2004-124398

前記従来の柱状改良工法は、次のような問題がある。
・現場の土と固化材を現場で混合撹拌するため、現場の土質、攪拌方法等により、築造された柱状改良杭の品質にばらつきが生じる。
・固化不良や撹拌不良による強度不足を回避するために、多量の固化材スラリーを注入する必要がある場合があり、環境への負荷が大きい。
・土質によっては、六価クロム等の有害な物質が溶出する可能性がある。事前に六価クロム等が溶出するか否かを試験して、溶出が無いことを確認することは可能であるが、それには費用と期間を要する。 The conventional columnar improvement method has the following problems.
・ Since the on-site soil and the solidified material are mixed and agitated on-site, the quality of the built pillar-shaped improved pile varies depending on the on-site soil quality and agitation method.
-In order to avoid insufficient strength due to poor solidification or poor stirring, it may be necessary to inject a large amount of solidifying material slurry, which imposes a heavy burden on the environment.
・ Depending on soil properties, harmful substances such as hexavalent chromium may elute. It is possible to test in advance whether hexavalent chromium or the like is eluted and confirm that there is no elution, but this requires cost and time.

小口径鋼管杭を埋設する工法は、次のような問題がある。
・小口径鋼管杭の先端を比較的硬い地盤（一般的にＮ値＞１０）に支持させる必要があるため、地盤によっては適用できない場合がある。
・小口径鋼管杭の腐食による劣化が懸念される。そのため、予め腐食しろを見込んで設計している。 The method of burying small diameter steel pipe piles has the following problems.
・ Because it is necessary to support the tip of the small-diameter steel pipe pile on relatively hard ground (generally, N value> 10), it may not be applicable depending on the ground.
・ Small-diameter steel pipe piles are likely to deteriorate due to corrosion. Therefore, the design is made in consideration of corrosion margins in advance.

特許文献１の工法は、現場の土を固化材と混合させないので、従来の柱状改良工法の各問題が生じない。しかし、特許文献１の方法は、掘削オーガを地盤から引き上げるときに杭孔の内周面の一部が崩落して、水硬性固化材液に土が混じり込み、良好な置換コラムが形成されない可能性がある。   The method of Patent Literature 1 does not mix the soil at the site with the solidifying material, and thus does not cause the problems of the conventional columnar improvement method. However, in the method of Patent Document 1, when the drilling auger is lifted from the ground, a part of the inner peripheral surface of the pile hole collapses, and the soil mixes with the hydraulic hardening material liquid, and a good replacement column may not be formed. There is.

特許文献２の工法は、筒状のケーシング内にセメントミルク等を充填した後、ケーシングを地中から引き抜くため、杭孔の内周面が崩落する心配がない。この工法では、ケーシングに対して先端ヘッドが着脱可能に装着され、ケーシングを地中から引き抜く際にケーシングから先端ヘッドが切り離されて、先端ヘッドは杭孔の底に残される。そのため、ケーシングへの先端ヘッドの装着が容易で、かつケーシングから先端ヘッドが確実に分離されることが求められる。   In the method disclosed in Patent Document 2, the casing is pulled out from the ground after filling the cylindrical casing with the cement milk or the like, and there is no fear that the inner peripheral surface of the pile hole collapses. In this method, the tip head is detachably attached to the casing, and when the casing is pulled out from the ground, the tip head is separated from the casing, and the tip head is left at the bottom of the pile hole. Therefore, it is required that the tip head can be easily attached to the casing and that the tip head is reliably separated from the casing.

特許文献２には、ケーシングに対する先端ヘッドの着脱構造の具体例が、同文献の段落００３２〜００３６、および図１〜図３に示されている。すなわち、ケーシングの下端内周面に形成された切欠部に、先端ヘッドの本体周壁部に設けられた凸部を挿入・脱出させることで、ケーシングに対して先端ヘッドを着脱する。切欠部に凸部が挿入された状態でケーシングを所定方向に回転させると、切欠部に凸部が係止して、ケーシングに先端ヘッドがつれ回りする。ケーシングの回転を停止しても、切欠部のフック部により凸部が下から受けられるため、ケーシングから先端ヘッドが分離しない。ケーシングを逆方向に回転させると、上記切欠部のフック部から凸部が外れるため、ケーシングから先端ヘッドを分離することが可能となる。   Patent Literature 2 discloses a specific example of a structure for attaching and detaching a distal end head to and from a casing, in paragraphs 0032 to 0036 of the literature and FIGS. 1 to 3. That is, the tip head is attached to and detached from the casing by inserting and removing a protrusion provided on the peripheral wall of the tip head into and out of the notch formed in the inner peripheral surface of the lower end of the casing. When the casing is rotated in a predetermined direction in a state where the protrusion is inserted into the notch, the protrusion is locked in the notch and the tip head hangs around the casing. Even when the rotation of the casing is stopped, the protrusions are received from below by the hooks of the cutouts, so that the tip head does not separate from the casing. When the casing is rotated in the opposite direction, the protruding portion comes off from the hook portion of the notch, so that the distal end head can be separated from the casing.

上記例の着脱構造は、ケーシングに先端ヘッドを装着する際、ケーシングと先端ヘッドの軸心を揃え、かつ切欠部と凸部の円周方向位相を揃えた状態で、ケーシングに対して先端ヘッドを軸方向に相対移動させなければならないため、先端ヘッドの装着が面倒である。また、ケーシング内への土の侵入を防ぐために、ケーシングに先端ヘッドを装着した状態において、ケーシングの内周に先端ヘッドの本体周壁部の外周全体が嵌る構成であるので、ケーシングを前記逆方向に回転させても、ケーシングの内周面と先端ヘッドの本体周壁部の外周面との摩擦抵抗によりケーシングに対して先端ヘッドがつれ回りして、切欠部のフック部から凸部が外れなかったり、外れてもケーシングの内周面から先端ヘッドの本体周壁部が抜けなかったりして、先端ヘッドが分離しない可能性がある。先端ヘッドが分離しないと、ケーシング内に充填されたセメントミルク等がケーシングと共に持ち上がってしまう。   The attachment / detachment structure of the above example, when the tip head is mounted on the casing, aligns the axis of the casing and the tip head, and aligns the tip of the notch with the casing in a state in which the circumferential phase of the notch and the projection are aligned. Since the head must be relatively moved in the axial direction, the mounting of the tip head is troublesome. In addition, in order to prevent the intrusion of soil into the casing, in a state where the tip head is mounted on the casing, the entire outer periphery of the main body peripheral wall portion of the tip head fits on the inner periphery of the casing. Even when rotated, the tip head hangs around the casing due to frictional resistance between the inner peripheral surface of the casing and the outer peripheral surface of the main body peripheral wall of the tip head, and the protrusion does not come off from the hook portion of the notch, Even if it comes off, there is a possibility that the distal end head does not separate because the main body peripheral wall of the distal end head does not come off from the inner peripheral surface of the casing. If the tip head is not separated, the cement milk or the like filled in the casing will be lifted together with the casing.

この発明の目的は、現場の土の状態に影響されることなく品質の安定した地盤補強用のコンクリート系杭を築造することができ、かつ先端掘削刃の取付時における位相合わせ等が不要であり、現場での施工が容易で確実にコンクリート系杭を築造することができる現場打ちコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管を提供することである。
この発明の他の目的は、現場の土の状態に影響されることなく品質の安定した地盤補強用のコンクリート系杭を築造することができ、かつ先端掘削刃の取付時における位相合わせ等が不要であり、現場での施工が容易で確実にコンクリート系杭を築造することができる現場打ちコンクリート系杭の築造方法を提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to be able to build a concrete pile for ground reinforcement with a stable quality without being affected by the condition of the soil at the site, and it is not necessary to adjust the phase at the time of mounting the tip excavation blade. Another object of the present invention is to provide an excavating blade-attached steel pipe for in-situ cast-in-place concrete piles, which can be easily constructed on site and can reliably build concrete piles.
Another object of the present invention is to be able to build a concrete pile for reinforcing the ground with stable quality without being affected by the condition of the soil at the site, and it is not necessary to perform phase matching at the time of mounting the tip excavation blade. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile that can be easily and reliably constructed on site.

この発明の現場打ちコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管は、鋼管と、この鋼管の先端に着脱可能に取り付けられて先端面に掘削用刃体を有する先端掘削刃とでなり、前記鋼管の先端の内周面の円周方向複数個所に内径側へ突出する突起が設けられると共に、前記先端掘削刃に、前記鋼管が地盤に貫入する回転方向に回転するとき前記突起に当接して前記先端掘削刃を前記鋼管と一体に回転させる回転受け部が、前記鋼管側へ軸方向に突出して設けられ、この回転受け部が前記鋼管の内周面から鋼管中心側に離れており、前記突起から前記回転受け部が離れる方向に前記鋼管を回転させつつ引き上げて、前記鋼管から前記先端掘削刃を分離させた後、前記鋼管のみを地盤から引き抜くことが可能に、前記複数個所の突起の間に前記円周方法に間隔が空いていて、前記先端掘削刃の前記回転受け部が、前記鋼管の前記突起に対して上下に引っ掛かり可能な部位を持たない形状であることを特徴とする。
この発明において、前記先端掘削刃に、前記鋼管に前記先端掘削刃が取り付けられた状態において前記鋼管の内部に挿入されて前記鋼管と前記先端掘削刃との隙間を塞ぐ立ち上がり部が設けられ、前記回転受け部は前記立ち上がり部よりも内側に位置して前記立ち上がり部よりも前記軸方向に突出する突出部分の全体からなるようにしてもよい。 An excavating blade-attached steel pipe for the construction of a cast-in-place concrete pile of the present invention comprises a steel pipe, and a tip excavating blade detachably attached to a tip of the steel pipe and having a cutting body at a tip end face. A plurality of projections are provided on the inner circumferential surface of the tip in the circumferential direction at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and the tip excavation blade abuts on the projection when the steel pipe rotates in a rotational direction in which the steel pipe penetrates the ground. A rotation receiving portion for rotating the excavating blade integrally with the steel pipe is provided so as to protrude in the axial direction toward the steel pipe side, and the rotation receiving portion is separated from the inner peripheral surface of the steel pipe to the steel pipe center side, from the projection. The steel pipe is pulled up while rotating the steel pipe in a direction in which the rotation receiving part is separated, and after the tip excavation blade is separated from the steel pipe, it is possible to pull out only the steel pipe from the ground. The circumference Law to have spaced, the rotation receiving portion of the tip digging edge, wherein the shape der Rukoto having no site capable caught up and down relative to the projection of the steel pipe.
In the present invention, the tip excavation blade is provided with a rising portion that is inserted into the steel pipe in a state where the tip excavation blade is attached to the steel pipe and closes a gap between the steel pipe and the tip excavation blade, The rotation receiving portion may be formed entirely of the protruding portion located inside the rising portion and projecting in the axial direction from the rising portion.

この構成の現場打ちコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管を使用した現場打ちコンクリート系杭の築造は、以下のように行う。
まず、鋼管の先端に先端掘削刃を着脱可能に取り付けて、掘削刃取付け鋼管を準備する。鋼管への先端掘削刃の取付けは、鋼管と先端掘削刃の軸心を揃えた状態で、鋼管内に先端掘削刃を進入させることで行う。鋼管と先端掘削刃の円周方向位置を合わせる必要はない。このため、従来のように、ケーシングと先端ヘッドの軸心を揃え、かつ切欠部と凸部の円周方向位相を揃えた状態で、ケーシングに対して先端ヘッドを軸方向に相対移動させるのに比べて、位相合わせの必要がなく、取付けが容易である。 The construction of the cast-in-place concrete pile using the steel pipe attached to the excavating blade for the construction of the cast-in-place concrete pile is performed as follows.
First, a tip cutting blade is detachably attached to the tip of a steel pipe to prepare a cutting pipe to which the cutting pipe is attached. The tip excavation blade is attached to the steel pipe by making the tip excavation blade enter the steel pipe with the axes of the steel pipe and the tip excavation blade aligned. There is no need to align the circumferential position of the steel pipe with the tip drilling edge. For this reason, as in the conventional case, it is necessary to move the tip head relative to the casing in the axial direction in a state where the axis of the casing and the tip head are aligned and the phase of the notch and the projection are aligned in the circumferential direction. In comparison, there is no need for phase matching, and mounting is easy.

このようにして準備された掘削刃取付け鋼管を、先端掘削刃が下側となるように支持する。そして、掘削刃取付け鋼管を、突起に対して回転受け部が当接する方向に回転させつつ押し下げることによって、先端掘削刃により下方に掘削しながら地盤に貫入する。次いで、地盤に貫入された掘削刃取付け鋼管の鋼管内にモルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクを充填する。   The prepared steel pipe with the drilling blade attached in this way is supported so that the tip drilling blade is on the lower side. Then, the steel pipe attached with the excavation blade is pushed down while being rotated in a direction in which the rotation receiving portion comes into contact with the projection, so that the steel pipe penetrates into the ground while being excavated downward by the tip excavation blade. Next, the mortar, the ready-mixed concrete, or the cement milk is filled into the steel pipe of the steel pipe attached with the drilling blade penetrated into the ground.

その後、突起から回転受け部が離れる方向に鋼管を回転させつつ引き上げて、鋼管から先端掘削刃を分離させる。杭孔の掘削が完了した時点では鋼管と、後で説明する固定手段または分離規制部による先端掘削刃の固定が解除されているため、鋼管から先端掘削刃が確実に分離可能である。そして、鋼管のみを地盤から引き抜くことによって、鋼管の抜き跡となる杭孔に鋼管内のモルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクを流し込む。モルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクが硬化することで、コンクリート系杭が現場打ちで築造される。   Thereafter, the steel pipe is pulled up while being rotated in a direction in which the rotation receiving portion is separated from the projection, and the tip excavation blade is separated from the steel pipe. At the time when the excavation of the pile hole is completed, the fixing of the tip excavation blade by the fixing means or the separation restricting unit described later is released, so that the tip excavation blade can be reliably separated from the steel pipe. Then, by pulling only the steel pipe from the ground, the mortar, the ready-mixed concrete, or the cement milk in the steel pipe is poured into a pile hole which is a trace of the steel pipe. As the mortar, ready-mixed concrete or cement milk hardens, concrete-based piles are built in place.

この掘削刃取付け鋼管を使用して現場打ちコンクリート系杭を築造すると、従来の柱状改良工法のように、現場の土と固化材を混合撹拌することがないので、現場の土の状態に影響されることなく、常に品質の安定した地盤補強用のコンクリート系杭を築造することができる。また、土質によって六価クロム等の有害な物質が溶出する心配がない。さらに、杭孔の周囲の土が鋼管によって周囲に押しやられて地盤が締め固められる。このため、コンクリート系杭の杭周面抵抗力が大きくとれる。
なお、先端掘削刃が地盤に接するまでは、鋼管から先端掘削刃が外れることがあるため、鋼管と先端掘削刃を仮の固定手段により固定しておくか、または次のよう分離規制部で先端掘削刃が外れることを規制する。 When a cast-in-place concrete pile is built using this excavated blade-mounted steel pipe, unlike the conventional columnar improvement method, the soil and solidified material are not mixed and agitated, so they are affected by the soil condition at the site. It is possible to build a concrete pile for ground reinforcement with stable quality at all times. In addition, there is no fear that harmful substances such as hexavalent chromium are eluted depending on the soil properties. Further, the soil around the pile hole is pushed to the periphery by the steel pipe, and the ground is compacted. Therefore, the pile peripheral resistance of the concrete pile can be increased.
Until the tip excavation blade comes into contact with the ground, the tip excavation blade may come off from the steel pipe, so fix the steel pipe and the tip excavation blade by temporary fixing means, or Restricts the excavation blade from coming off.

参考提案例として示すと、前記先端掘削刃に、前記回転受け部が前記突起と当接した状態にあるとき、前記突起の鋼管反先端側の面に係止して前記鋼管と前記先端掘削刃とが軸方向に分離することを規制する分離規制部が設けられていても良い。
この構成であると、先端掘削刃の回転受け部が鋼管の突起と当接した状態にあるときは、突起の鋼管反先端側の面に先端掘削刃の分離規制部が係止して、鋼管と先端掘削刃とが軸方向に分離することを規制する。突起から回転受け部が離れると、突起に対する分離規制部の係止が解除され、鋼管から先端掘削刃が分離可能となる。よって、先端掘削刃が分離規制部を有していると、鋼管と先端掘削刃とを固定する固定手段を別途設けなくてもよく、構成が簡単になると共に、鋼管から先端掘削刃を取り外す手間が不要となる。 As a reference proposal example, when the rotation receiving portion is in contact with the projection on the tip excavation blade, the projection is engaged with a surface of the projection on the side opposite to the steel pipe, and the steel pipe and the tip excavation blade are engaged. A separation restricting portion may be provided for restricting the axial separation from the axis.
With this configuration, when the rotation receiving portion of the tip excavation blade is in contact with the protrusion of the steel pipe, the separation restricting portion of the tip excavation blade is engaged with the surface of the protrusion on the side opposite to the steel tube, and the steel pipe And the tip excavation blade are prevented from separating in the axial direction. When the rotation receiving portion is separated from the projection, the engagement of the separation restricting portion with the projection is released, and the tip excavation blade can be separated from the steel pipe. Therefore, when the tip excavation blade has the separation restricting portion, it is not necessary to separately provide a fixing means for fixing the steel pipe and the tip excavation blade, and the configuration is simplified, and the time for removing the tip excavation blade from the steel pipe is reduced. Becomes unnecessary.

前記先端掘削刃が前記分離規制部を有する場合、前記回転受け部の前記突起に対向する面は、前記鋼管に前記先端掘削刃が取り付けられた状態における前記先端掘削刃の回転軸心と平行であり、かつ前記分離規制部の前記突起に対向する面は、前記回転受け部の前記突起に対向する面に対して鈍角を成しているのが良い。
回転受け部の突起に対向する面が先端掘削刃の回転軸心と平行であると、鋼管の回転が先端掘削刃に円滑に伝達される。また、分離規制部の突起に対向する面が回転受け部の突起に対向する面に対して鈍角を成していると、鋼管の突起から先端掘削刃の回転受け部が離れる方向に鋼管を回転させることによって、突起の鋼管反先端側の面に対する分離規制部の係止が簡単に外れる。そのため、鋼管に対する先端掘削刃の分離が確実に行われる。 When the tip excavation blade has the separation restricting portion, the surface of the rotation receiving portion facing the projection is parallel to the rotation axis of the tip excavation blade in a state where the tip excavation blade is attached to the steel pipe. Preferably, the surface of the separation restricting portion facing the projection forms an obtuse angle with the surface of the rotation receiving portion facing the projection.
When the surface of the rotation receiving portion facing the projection is parallel to the rotation axis of the tip excavation blade, the rotation of the steel pipe is smoothly transmitted to the tip excavation blade. In addition, if the surface of the separation regulating portion facing the projection forms an obtuse angle with the surface of the rotation receiving portion facing the projection, the steel pipe rotates in a direction in which the rotation receiving portion of the tip excavation blade moves away from the projection of the steel pipe. By doing so, the locking of the separation restricting portion on the surface of the protrusion on the side opposite to the steel pipe is easily released. For this reason, the tip excavation blade is separated from the steel pipe reliably.

この発明の掘削刃取付け鋼管は、前述のように前記先端掘削刃に、前記鋼管に前記先端掘削刃が取り付けられた状態において前記鋼管の内部に挿入されて前記鋼管と前記先端掘削刃との隙間を塞ぐ立ち上がり部が設けられている。
立ち上がり部が設けられていると、鋼管内に土が侵入することを防止でき、良好な現場打ちコンクリート系杭を築造することができる。 The excavating blade-attached steel pipe according to the present invention, as described above, is inserted into the steel pipe in a state where the tip excavating blade is attached to the steel pipe, and a gap between the steel pipe and the tip excavating blade is provided. There is provided a rising portion for closing the opening.
When the rising portion is provided, soil can be prevented from entering the steel pipe, and a good cast-in-place concrete pile can be built.

この発明において、前記鋼管の下端に、この鋼管の外周面よりも外周側に突出した螺旋状溝形成用刃体を設けても良い。
螺旋状溝形成用刃体が設けられていると、掘削刃取付け鋼管を用いて杭孔を掘削することにより、杭孔の外周に螺旋状の溝が形成される。鋼管内にモルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクを充填して鋼管のみを地盤から引き抜くことによって、杭孔だけでなく螺旋状の溝にもモルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクが流し込まれて、螺旋状の節付きコンクリート系杭が築造される。コンクリート系杭が螺旋状の節付きであると、杭周面のせん断抵抗が大きい。そのため、コンクリート系杭の杭周面抵抗力がより一層大きくとれる。杭周面抵抗力が大きいと、以下の利点がある。
・杭径を小さくすることが可能となり、材料費の削減を図ることができる。
・コンクリート系杭の材料が少なくて済み、環境負荷を低減することができる。
・杭先端をＮ値が比較的小さな地盤に支持させることができるため、杭長を短くすることができる。 In the present invention, a blade for forming a spiral groove may be provided at a lower end of the steel pipe so as to protrude outward from an outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe.
When the spiral groove forming blade body is provided, a spiral groove is formed on the outer periphery of the pile hole by excavating the pile hole using the steel pipe attached to the drill blade. By filling the steel pipe with mortar or ready-mixed concrete or cement milk and pulling out only the steel pipe from the ground, the mortar or ready-mixed concrete or cement milk is poured not only into the pile hole but also into the spiral groove, and the spiral joint is formed. A concrete pile is built. If the concrete pile has a spiral knot, the shear resistance of the pile peripheral surface will be large. Therefore, the pile peripheral resistance of the concrete pile can be further increased. The following advantages are obtained when the pile surface resistance is large.
-The pile diameter can be reduced, and material costs can be reduced.
・ Concrete piles require less material, reducing environmental impact.
-Since the tip of a pile can be supported on the ground with a relatively small N value, the pile length can be shortened.

この発明の現場打ちコンクリート系杭の築造方法は、前記掘削刃取付け鋼管を、前記先端掘削刃が下側となるように支持した状態で、前記突起に対して前記回転受け部が当接する方向に回転させつつ押し下げることによって、前記先端掘削刃により下方に掘削しながら地盤に挿入する過程と、前記鋼管内にモルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクを充填する過程と、前記突起から前記回転受け部が離れる方向に前記鋼管を回転させつつ引き上げて、前記鋼管から前記先端掘削刃を分離させた後、前記鋼管のみを地盤から引き抜くことによって、前記鋼管の抜き跡となる杭孔に前記鋼管内のモルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクを流し込む過程とを含む。
このように、地盤に挿入された掘削刃取付け鋼管の鋼管内にモルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクを充填した後、鋼管のみを地盤から引き抜くことによって、鋼管の抜き跡となる杭孔に鋼管内のモルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクを流し込む。モルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクが硬化することで、コンクリート系杭が現場打ちで築造される。 The method for constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile according to the present invention is characterized in that, in a state in which the excavating blade-attached steel pipe is supported such that the tip excavating blade is on the lower side, the rotation receiving portion abuts on the projection. By pushing down while rotating, the step of inserting into the ground while excavating downward by the tip excavation blade, the step of filling mortar or ready-mixed concrete or cement milk in the steel pipe, and the rotation receiving part is separated from the projection The steel pipe is pulled up while being rotated in the direction, and after separating the tip excavation blade from the steel pipe, by pulling only the steel pipe from the ground, a mortar or a mortar in the steel pipe is formed in a pile hole serving as a trace of the steel pipe. Pouring ready-mixed concrete or cement milk.
In this way, after filling the mortar or ready-mixed concrete or cement milk into the steel pipe of the steel pipe with the drilling blade attached to the ground, by pulling only the steel pipe from the ground, Pour mortar or ready-mixed concrete or cement milk. As the mortar, ready-mixed concrete or cement milk hardens, concrete-based piles are built in place.

この発明の節付き現場打ちコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管は、鋼管と、この鋼管の先端に着脱可能に取り付けられて先端面に掘削用刃体を有する先端掘削刃とでなり、前記鋼管の先端の内周面の円周方向複数個所に内径側へ突出する突起が設けられると共に、前記先端掘削刃に、前記鋼管が地盤に貫入する回転方向に回転するとき前記突起に当接して前記先端掘削刃を前記鋼管と一体に回転させる回転受け部が、前記鋼管側へ軸方向に突出して設けられ、この回転受け部が前記鋼管の内周面から鋼管中心側に離れており、前記突起から前記回転受け部が離れる方向に前記鋼管を回転させつつ引き上げて、前記鋼管から前記先端掘削刃を分離させた後、前記鋼管のみを地盤から引き抜くことが可能に、前記複数個所の突起の間に前記円周方法に間隔が空いていて、前記先端掘削刃の前記回転受け部が、前記鋼管の前記突起に対して上下に引っ掛かり可能な部位を持たない形状であるため、現場の土の状態に影響されることなく品質の安定した地盤補強用のコンクリート系杭を築造することができ、かつ先端掘削刃の取付時における位相合わせ等が不要であり、現場での施工が容易で確実にコンクリート系杭を築造することができる。 An excavating blade-attached steel pipe for constructing a knotted cast-in-place concrete pile of the present invention comprises a steel pipe and a tip excavating blade having a cutting body for excavating on a tip surface detachably attached to a tip of the steel pipe. Protrusions projecting toward the inner diameter side are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface of the tip of the steel pipe, and the tip excavation blade abuts on the projections when the steel pipe rotates in a rotational direction in which the steel pipe penetrates the ground. A rotation receiving portion for rotating the tip excavation blade integrally with the steel pipe is provided so as to protrude in the axial direction toward the steel pipe side, and the rotation receiving portion is separated from an inner peripheral surface of the steel pipe to the steel pipe center side; The steel pipe is pulled up while rotating the steel pipe in a direction in which the rotation receiving portion is separated from the projection, and after separating the tip excavation blade from the steel pipe, it is possible to pull out only the steel pipe from the ground. Before Have spaced circumferentially method, the rotation receiving portion of the tip excavating blade, since a shape having no site capable caught up and down relative to the projection of the steel pipe, the influence on the state of the field soil It is possible to build a concrete pile for ground reinforcement with stable quality without the need for installation, and it is not necessary to adjust the phase at the time of mounting the tip excavation blade. Can be built.

この発明の現場打ちコンクリート系杭の築造方法は、前記掘削刃取付け鋼管を、前記先端掘削刃が下側となるように支持した状態で、前記突起に対して前記回転受け部が当接す
る方向に回転させつつ押し下げることによって、前記先端掘削刃により下方に掘削しながら地盤に挿入する過程と、前記鋼管内にモルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクを充填する過程と、前記突起から前記回転受け部が離れる方向に前記鋼管を回転させつつ引き上げて、前記鋼管から前記先端掘削刃を分離させた後、前記鋼管のみを地盤から引き抜くことによって、前記鋼管の抜き跡となる杭孔に前記鋼管内のモルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクを流し込む過程とを含むため、現場の土の状態に影響されることなく品質の安定した地盤補強用のコンクリート系杭を築造することができ、かつ先端掘削刃の取付時における位相合わせ等が不要であり、現場での施工が容易で確実にコンクリート系杭を築造することができる The method for constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile according to the present invention is characterized in that, in a state in which the excavating blade-attached steel pipe is supported such that the tip excavating blade is on the lower side, the rotation receiving portion abuts on the projection. By pushing down while rotating, the step of inserting into the ground while excavating downward by the tip excavation blade, the step of filling mortar or ready-mixed concrete or cement milk in the steel pipe, and the rotation receiving part is separated from the projection The steel pipe is pulled up while being rotated in the direction, and after separating the tip excavation blade from the steel pipe, by pulling only the steel pipe from the ground, a mortar or a mortar in the steel pipe is formed in a pile hole serving as a trace of the steel pipe. It includes a process of pouring ready-mixed concrete or cement milk, so that the quality of the ground is stable regardless of the soil conditions at the site. The Concrete piles for reinforcement can be construction, and does not need a phase adjustment or the like during mounting of the tip digging edge can construction site in to construction easily and reliably Concrete piles

この発明の一実施形態にかかる現場打ちコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管の正面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a front view of the excavation-blade attachment steel pipe for construction of cast-in-place concrete type pile concerning one Embodiment of this invention. （Ａ）は同掘削刃取付け鋼管の先端部の断面図、（Ｂ）はその側面図である。(A) is sectional drawing of the front-end | tip part of the same steel pipe attached with a cutting blade, (B) is the side view. （Ａ）は参考提案例に係る掘削刃取付け鋼管の先端掘削刃の平面図、（Ｂ）はその正面図、（Ｃ）はその底面図である。(A) is a plan view of a tip excavation blade of the excavating blade-attached steel pipe according to the reference proposal example, (B) is a front view thereof, and (C) is a bottom view thereof. 同先端掘削刃の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the same tip excavation blade. （Ａ）は図１のＶＡ−ＶＡ断面図、（Ｂ）は図５（Ａ）のＶＢ−ＶＢ断面図である。5A is a sectional view taken along line VA-VA of FIG. 1 and FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along line VB-VB of FIG. 図１ないし図５に示す掘削刃取付け鋼管を用いて行う現場打ちコンクリート系杭の築造方法の各過程の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of each process of the construction method of the cast-in-place concrete type pile performed using the steel pipe attached to the drilling blade shown in FIGS. 1-5. 同掘削刃取付け鋼管を地盤に回転貫入するときの初期段階の各過程を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows each process of the initial stage at the time of rotating penetration of the steel pipe attached with the cutting blade into the ground. 同実施形態にかかる掘削刃取付け鋼管における先端掘削刃の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the tip cutting edge in the cutting edge mounting steel pipe concerning the embodiment. （Ａ）は同先端掘削刃と取り付けた掘削刃取付け鋼管の水平断面図、（Ｂ）はそのIXＢ−IXＢ断面図である。(A) is a horizontal sectional view of the steel pipe attached with the excavating blade attached to the tip excavating blade, and (B) is an IXB-IXB sectional view thereof.

この発明の一実施形態にかかる現場打ちコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管
および参考提案例となる掘削刃取付け鋼管について図面と共に説明する。特に説明する事項の他は、この実施形態に係る掘削刃取付け鋼管と参考提案例に係る掘削刃取付け鋼管とは同じである。図１に示すように、この掘削刃取付け鋼管１は、鋼管１０と、この鋼管１０の先端（図１では下端）に着脱可能に取り付けられる先端掘削刃２０とでなる。 An excavating blade-attached steel pipe for constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile according to an embodiment of the present invention and an excavating blade-attached steel pipe as a reference proposal will be described with reference to the drawings. Except for the items to be particularly described, the excavation blade-attached steel pipe according to this embodiment is the same as the excavation blade-attached steel pipe according to the reference proposal example. As shown in FIG. 1, the excavating blade-attached steel pipe 1 includes a steel pipe 10 and a distal excavating blade 20 that is detachably attached to a distal end (a lower end in FIG. 1) of the steel pipe 10.

図２に示すように、鋼管１０の先端には、この鋼管１０の外周面よりも外周側に突出した複数個（例えば２個）の螺旋状溝形成用刃体１１が設けられている。螺旋状溝形成用刃１１は、鋼管１０が軸心Ｏ１回りに所定の掘削回転方向（Ａ方向）に回転するとき先端側が先行するように傾斜角度が付けられている。掘削回転方向は、掘削刃取付け鋼管１を地盤に貫入する過程における鋼管１０の回転方向である。この例の場合、掘削回転方向は、上から見て右回転方向である。鋼管１０の先端内周面の円周方向複数箇所（例えば２箇所）に、内径側へ突出するブロック状の突起１３が設けられている。図示の例では、ブロック状の突起１３の軸方向位置は、前記螺旋状溝形成用刃体１１とほぼ同じとされている。   As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of (for example, two) blades 11 for spiral groove formation are provided at the tip of the steel pipe 10 so as to protrude outward from the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe 10. The helical groove forming blade 11 is provided with an inclination angle such that when the steel pipe 10 rotates around the axis O1 in a predetermined excavation rotation direction (A direction), the leading end side precedes. The excavation rotation direction is a rotation direction of the steel pipe 10 in the process of penetrating the excavation blade-attached steel pipe 1 into the ground. In this example, the excavation rotation direction is the right rotation direction when viewed from above. Block-shaped projections 13 protruding toward the inner diameter side are provided at a plurality of locations (for example, two locations) in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the distal end of the steel pipe 10. In the illustrated example, the axial position of the block-shaped projection 13 is substantially the same as that of the spiral groove forming blade body 11.

図３、図４に示すように、先端掘削刃２０は、全体が鋳造または鍛造による鋼製の一体成形品からなる。先端掘削刃２０は、外径寸法が鋼管１０とほぼ同じで、反先端側に鋼管１０の先端部に嵌り込み可能な円筒状の立ち上がり部２１ａが形成された掘削刃本体２１を有する。立ち上がり部２１ａの高さは、例えば１ｃｍ程度である。鋼管１０の先端部に立ち上がり部２１ａが嵌り込んだ状態では、図５（Ｂ）のように、鋼管１０の先端面１４が掘削刃本体２１の立ち上がり部２１ａに隣接する段面２１ｂに当接する。このように、鋼管１０の中に先端掘削刃２０の立ち上がり部２１ａが入り込んで連結され、鋼管１０と
と立ち上がり部２１ａの外周面との間にほとんど隙間が生じない。 As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the tip excavation blade 20 is entirely made of a cast or forged steel integrally molded product. The distal excavation blade 20 has an outer diameter dimension substantially the same as that of the steel pipe 10, and has an excavation blade main body 21 having a cylindrical rising portion 21 a formed on the opposite distal end side so as to be fitted to the distal end of the steel pipe 10. The height of the rising portion 21a is, for example, about 1 cm. In a state where the rising portion 21a is fitted into the tip portion of the steel pipe 10, the tip surface 14 of the steel pipe 10 comes into contact with the step surface 21b adjacent to the rising portion 21a of the excavating blade main body 21, as shown in FIG. As described above, the rising portion 21a of the tip excavation blade 20 enters and is connected to the steel pipe 10, so that almost no gap is generated between the steel pipe 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the rising portion 21a.

図３（Ｂ），（Ｃ）において、掘削刃本体２１の先端面は円すい状面２１ｃとされ、この円すい状面２１ｃに２条の掘削用刃体２２が設けられている。２条の掘削用刃体２２は、それぞれ先端掘削刃２０の軸心Ｏ２を通る直径線Ｌを挟む両側に隣接して同直径線Ｌと平行に設けられている。詳しくは、一方の掘削用刃体２２は、直径線方向の一方の外周側の位置から、軸心Ｏ２を越えて、軸心Ｏ２ともう一方の外周側の位置との間の中間位置まで延びている。もう一方の掘削用刃体２２は、直径線方向のもう一方の外周側の位置から、軸心Ｏ２を越えて、軸心Ｏ２と前記一方の外周側の位置との間の中間位置まで延びている。   3 (B) and 3 (C), the distal end surface of the excavating blade main body 21 is a conical surface 21c, and two excavating blades 22 are provided on the conical surface 21c. The two excavating blades 22 are provided adjacent to and on both sides of the diameter line L passing through the axis O2 of the tip excavation blade 20, and are parallel to the diameter line L. Specifically, the one excavating blade body 22 extends from the position on one outer peripheral side in the diametrical line direction to the intermediate position between the axis O2 and the other outer peripheral position beyond the axis O2. ing. The other excavating blade body 22 extends from the position on the other outer peripheral side in the diametrical direction, beyond the axis O2, to an intermediate position between the axis O2 and the position on the one outer peripheral side. I have.

各掘削用刃体２２の直径線方向外周側端は、先端側に突出した外刃部２２ａとされ、他端は外刃部２２ａよりも先端側に突出した内刃部２２ｂとされている。外刃部２２ａの直径線方向外側面２２ａａおよび内刃部２２ｂの直径線方向外側面２２ｂａは、いずれも軸心Ｏ２に沿う面である。よって、外刃部２２ａおよび内刃部２２ｂの先端は正面視で鋭角に形成され、地中に食い込み易くなっている。各掘削用刃体２２は、直径線Ｌと直交する方向に一定の幅を有し、直径線Ｌと直交する方向のどの箇所でも掘削刃本体２０に対する高さは同じである。   The outer peripheral side end in the diameter line direction of each excavating blade body 22 is an outer blade part 22a protruding toward the distal end side, and the other end is an inner blade part 22b protruding more distally than the outer blade part 22a. The diametrically outer surface 22aa of the outer cutter 22a and the diametrically outer surface 22ba of the inner cutter 22b are both surfaces along the axis O2. Therefore, the tips of the outer cutter 22a and the inner cutter 22b are formed at an acute angle when viewed from the front, so that they can easily penetrate into the ground. Each excavating blade body 22 has a certain width in a direction orthogonal to the diameter line L, and has the same height with respect to the excavating blade body 20 at any position in the direction orthogonal to the diameter line L.

また、図３（Ａ），（Ｂ）、図４に示すように、参考提案例となる掘削刃取付け鋼管では、掘削刃本体２１には、前記立ち上がり部２１ａよりも反先端側に突出した複数（例えば２つ）のフック状体２３が設けられている。フック状体２３は、掘削刃本体２１の立ち上がり部２１ａよりも内周側の位置から立ち上がり部２１ａよりも反先端側、すなわち鋼管１０に先端掘削刃２０を取り付けたときに鋼管側へ突出する回転受け部２３ａと、この回転受け部２３ａの反先端側端から円周方向に屈曲した分離規制部２３ｂとからなる。回転受け部２３ａの円周方向一方の面Ｆ１は、鋼管１０に先端掘削刃２０を取り付けた状態において鋼管１０の前記突起１３の側面に対向する面であって、この面Ｆ１は、先端掘削刃２０の軸心Ｏ２と平行である。また、分離規制部２３ｂの先端側の面Ｆ２は、鋼管１０に先端掘削刃２０を取り付けた状態において鋼管１０の前記突起１３の反先端面に対向する面であって、この面Ｆ２は、前記面Ｆ１に対して鈍角を成す。軸心Ｏ２と垂直な面に対する面Ｆ２の仰角αは、例えば５°程度とする。   In addition, as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 4, in the excavating blade-attached steel pipe according to the reference proposal example, the excavating blade main body 21 has a plurality of protruding portions that protrude further away from the rising portion 21 a than the leading end side. (For example, two) hook-shaped members 23 are provided. The hook-like body 23 rotates from the position on the inner peripheral side of the rising portion 21a of the excavating blade body 21 to the tip end side of the rising portion 21a, that is, the projection protruding toward the steel pipe when the tip excavating blade 20 is attached to the steel pipe 10. It comprises a receiving portion 23a and a separation restricting portion 23b which is bent in a circumferential direction from an end of the rotation receiving portion 23a opposite to the distal end. One surface F1 in the circumferential direction of the rotation receiving portion 23a is a surface facing the side surface of the protrusion 13 of the steel pipe 10 in a state where the tip excavation blade 20 is attached to the steel pipe 10, and this face F1 is a tip excavation blade. 20 is parallel to the axis O2. Further, a surface F2 on the distal end side of the separation restricting portion 23b is a surface facing the opposite distal end surface of the projection 13 of the steel pipe 10 in a state where the distal excavation blade 20 is attached to the steel pipe 10, and this surface F2 is It forms an obtuse angle with respect to the plane F1. The elevation angle α of the plane F2 with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis O2 is, for example, about 5 °.

図５は、鋼管１０と先端掘削刃２０の取付部の断面図である。鋼管１０への先端掘削刃２０の取付けは、次のように行う。すなわち、鋼管１０の先端側に先端掘削刃２０を配置し、かつ鋼管１０と先端掘削刃２０の各軸心Ｏ１，Ｏ２を揃えた状態で、先端掘削刃２０を鋼管１０の側へ相対移動させて、鋼管１０の先端部に先端掘削刃２０の立ち上がり部２１ａを嵌め込む。このとき、鋼管１０の突起１３と、先端掘削刃２０のフック状体２３の回転受け部２３ａとは、互いに軸方向位置が合っている。この状態で、鋼管１０に対して先端掘削刃２０を反掘削回転方向（反Ａ方向）に回転させることで、突起１３の側面に回転受け部２３ａの面Ｆ１が当接すると共に、突起１３の反先端面に分離規制部２３ｂの面Ｆ２が係止する。これで取付け完了である。鋼管１０の先端部に先端掘削刃２０の立ち上がり部２１ａを嵌め込まれているので、先端掘削刃２０をぐらつくことなく安定して取り付けることができる。この取付け作業は、鋼管１０の先端部に先端掘削刃２０の掘削刃本体立ち上がり部２１ａを嵌め込む際に、突起１３とフック状体２３の円周方向位相を揃える必要がないので、容易に行うことができる。   FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a mounting portion between the steel pipe 10 and the tip excavation blade 20. Attachment of the tip excavation blade 20 to the steel pipe 10 is performed as follows. That is, the distal excavation blade 20 is disposed on the distal end side of the steel pipe 10, and the distal excavation blade 20 is relatively moved toward the steel pipe 10 in a state where the axes O1 and O2 of the steel pipe 10 and the distal excavation blade 20 are aligned. Then, the rising portion 21 a of the tip excavation blade 20 is fitted into the tip of the steel pipe 10. At this time, the projection 13 of the steel pipe 10 and the rotation receiving portion 23a of the hook-shaped body 23 of the tip excavation blade 20 are axially aligned with each other. In this state, by rotating the tip excavation blade 20 in the anti-excavation rotation direction (anti-A direction) with respect to the steel pipe 10, the surface F1 of the rotation receiving portion 23a contacts the side surface of the projection 13 and The surface F2 of the separation restricting portion 23b is engaged with the distal end surface. This completes the installation. Since the rising portion 21a of the tip excavation blade 20 is fitted into the tip of the steel pipe 10, the tip excavation blade 20 can be stably attached without shaking. This fitting operation is easily performed because it is not necessary to align the circumferential phases of the projection 13 and the hook-shaped body 23 when fitting the excavating blade main body rising portion 21a of the distal excavating blade 20 to the distal end of the steel pipe 10. be able to.

この構成の現場打ちコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管を使用した現場打ちコンクリート系杭の築造方法を、図６、図７と共に説明する。   A method of constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile using a steel pipe with an excavating blade for constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile having this configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

まず、図６（Ａ）のように、自走可能な作業車両２等に搭載された回転機構付きの杭打
ち装置３に、掘削刃取付け鋼管１を先端掘削刃２０が下側となるように支持させる。掘削刃取付け鋼管１の鋼管１０は、上端を杭打ち装置３の昇降ヘッド４に固定して取り付けておいても良い。その場合、現場打ちコンクリート系杭を築造するごとに、杭打ち装置３により吊り上げた状態の鋼管１０の先端に、前記取付け作業により先端掘削刃２０を取り付ける。 First, as shown in FIG. 6 (A), the excavating blade-attached steel pipe 1 is placed on the pile driving device 3 equipped with a rotating mechanism mounted on the self-propelled work vehicle 2 or the like so that the distal excavating blade 20 is on the lower side. Let them support you. The steel pipe 10 of the excavating blade-attached steel pipe 1 may be fixedly attached at its upper end to the lifting head 4 of the pile driving device 3. In that case, every time a cast-in-place concrete pile is built, the tip excavation blade 20 is attached to the tip of the steel pipe 10 in a state of being lifted by the pile driving device 3 by the above-described attachment work.

次いで、図６（Ｂ）のように、鋼管１０を掘削回転方向（Ａ方向）、すなわち突起１３（図５）に対してフック状体２３（図５）の回転受け部２３ａが当接する方向に回転させつつ押し下げる。これにより、先端掘削刃２０の各掘削用刃体２２により地盤３０を下方に掘削し、かつ鋼管１０に設けられた螺旋状溝形成用刃１１により鋼管１０の外周の土に螺旋状の溝３１を形成しながら、掘削刃取付け鋼管１を地盤３０に貫入する。鋼管１０から先端掘削刃２０へ突起１３およびフック状体２３を介して回転力が伝達されるが、フック状体２３の回転受け部２３ａの突起１３に対向する面Ｆ１が鋼管１０および先端掘削刃２０の回転軸心Ｏ１，Ｏ２と平行であるため、鋼管１０の回転が先端掘削刃２０に円滑に伝達される。鋼管１０の先端部に先端掘削刃２０の立ち上がり部２１ａを嵌め込まれて、鋼管１０と先端掘削刃２０の隙間を塞いでいるので、鋼管１０の中に土が入り込まない。   Next, as shown in FIG. 6B, the steel pipe 10 is moved in the excavation rotation direction (A direction), that is, in the direction in which the rotation receiving portion 23a of the hook-like body 23 (FIG. 5) comes into contact with the projection 13 (FIG. 5). Press down while rotating. Thus, the ground 30 is excavated downward by the respective excavating blade bodies 22 of the tip excavating blade 20, and the spiral groove 31 is formed in the soil on the outer periphery of the steel pipe 10 by the spiral groove forming blade 11 provided on the steel pipe 10. While the excavating blade-attached steel pipe 1 penetrates into the ground 30. Rotational force is transmitted from the steel pipe 10 to the tip excavation blade 20 via the protrusion 13 and the hook-shaped body 23, and the surface F <b> 1 of the hook-shaped body 23 facing the projection 13 of the rotation receiving portion 23 a is the steel pipe 10 and the tip excavation blade 20. Since the rotation of the steel pipe 10 is parallel to the rotation axes O1 and O2, the rotation of the steel pipe 10 is smoothly transmitted to the tip cutting edge 20. Since the rising portion 21a of the tip excavation blade 20 is fitted into the tip of the steel pipe 10 to close the gap between the steel pipe 10 and the tip excavation blade 20, no soil enters the steel pipe 10.

各掘削用刃体２２により地盤３０を掘削する際、図７（Ａ），（Ｂ）のように、先に内刃部２２ｂが地盤３０に食い込み、その後で、図７（Ｃ）のように、外刃部２２ａが地盤３０に食い込む。このように先端掘削刃２０の軸心Ｏ２に近い内刃部２２ｂが先に地盤３０に食い込むため、掘削刃取付け鋼管１の先端部を側方に振れ動かす力が小さい。外刃部２２ａが地盤３０に食い込むときに、掘削刃取付け鋼管１の先端部を側方に振れ動かす力が作用するが、内刃部２２ｂの軸心Ｏ２に沿う直径線方向外側面２２ｂａが地盤３０の掘削済み周面Ｈ１と水平方向においてしっかりと係合し、この係合作用によって、掘削刃取付け鋼管１の先端部の振れ動きが防がれる。また、外刃部２２ａの直径線方向外側面２２ａａも軸心Ｏ２に沿う面であるので、図７（Ｄ）のように、外刃面２２ａが一旦地盤に食い込んでしまえば、外刃部２２ａの直径線方向外側面２２ａａが掘削済み周面Ｈ２と係合して、掘削刃取付け鋼管１の先端部が側方に振れ動くのが防がれる。こうして、掘削刃取付け鋼管１の回転貫入初期段階において、掘削刃取付け鋼管１の先端部が側方に振れ動くことが防がれ、掘削刃取付け鋼管１を安定して地盤３０に貫入させることができる。   When the ground 30 is excavated by the respective excavating blades 22, the inner blade portion 22b bites into the ground 30 first as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, and then as shown in FIG. 7C. Then, the outer blade portion 22a cuts into the ground 30. As described above, since the inner blade portion 22b close to the axis O2 of the distal excavation blade 20 bites into the ground 30 first, the force for swinging the distal end portion of the excavation blade attached steel pipe 1 to the side is small. When the outer blade portion 22a cuts into the ground 30, a force is exerted to swing the tip of the excavating blade-attached steel pipe 1 to the side, but the diametrical outer surface 22ba along the axis O2 of the inner blade portion 22b is ground. 30 is firmly engaged with the excavated peripheral surface H1 in the horizontal direction, and this engaging action prevents the tip of the excavating blade-attached steel pipe 1 from swinging. Also, since the outer surface 22aa in the diameter line direction of the outer blade portion 22a is also a surface along the axis O2, as shown in FIG. 7D, once the outer blade surface 22a bites into the ground, the outer blade portion 22a Is engaged with the excavated peripheral surface H2 to prevent the distal end portion of the excavating blade-attached steel pipe 1 from swinging sideways. In this way, in the initial stage of the rotation penetration of the steel pipe 1 mounted with the cutting blade, the tip of the steel pipe 1 mounted with the cutting blade is prevented from swinging laterally, and the steel pipe 1 mounted with the cutting blade can be stably penetrated into the ground 30. it can.

また、螺旋状溝形成用刃１１に前記傾斜角度が付けられているため、螺旋状溝形成用刃１１が回転することにより、掘削刃取付け鋼管１全体に対して下向きへの推進力が働く。このため、間隔が一定した規則的な形状の螺旋状の溝３１が形成され易い。   In addition, since the spiral groove forming blade 11 is provided with the above-described inclination angle, the spiral groove forming blade 11 rotates, so that a downward propulsive force acts on the entire excavating blade-attached steel pipe 1. For this reason, it is easy to form the spiral groove 31 having a regular interval and a regular shape.

さらに、この参考提案例では、掘削刃本体２１の先端面が円すい状面２１ｃとされているため、掘削された土が円すい状面２１ｃに沿って先端掘削刃２０の外周側へ案内される。これにより、掘削刃取付け鋼管１が回転貫入により地盤３０にスムーズに貫入されてゆく。しかも、掘削用刃体２２で掘削された土が先端掘削刃２０の外周側へ案内されることで、掘削刃付き鋼管１の外周側の土が掘削刃付き鋼管１の外周部で密に圧縮されて、地盤３０が締め固められる。   Furthermore, in this reference proposal example, since the distal end surface of the excavating blade main body 21 is the conical surface 21c, the excavated soil is guided to the outer peripheral side of the distal excavating blade 20 along the conical surface 21c. As a result, the excavating blade-attached steel pipe 1 is smoothly penetrated into the ground 30 by rotational penetration. Moreover, the soil excavated by the excavating blade body 22 is guided to the outer peripheral side of the tip excavating blade 20, so that the soil on the outer peripheral side of the steel pipe 1 with the excavating blade is densely compressed at the outer peripheral portion of the steel pipe 1 with the excavating blade. Then, the ground 30 is compacted.

次いで、図６（Ｃ）のように、地盤３０に貫入された掘削刃取付け鋼管１の鋼管１０内に、セメントミルクＳを充填する。セメントミルクＳの代わりに、モルタルまたは生コンクリートを充填しても良い。   Next, as shown in FIG. 6 (C), the cement milk S is filled into the steel pipe 10 of the steel pipe 1 attached to the excavating blade that has penetrated into the ground 30. In place of the cement milk S, mortar or ready-mixed concrete may be filled.

セメントミルクＳの充填が完了したら、鋼管１０を反掘削回転方向（反Ａ方向）、すなわち突起１３（図５）からフック状体２３（図５）の回転受け部２３ａが離れる方向に回転させつつ引き上げて、鋼管１０から先端掘削刃２０を分離させる。フック状体２３の分離規制部２３ｂの前記面Ｆ２が回転受け部２３ａの前記面Ｆ１に対して鈍角を成している
ため、鋼管１０を反掘削回転方向に回転させることによって、突起１３に対するフック状体２３の分離規制部２３ｂの係止が簡単に外れる。突起１３の鋼管反先端側の面にフック状体２３の分離規制部２３ｂが互いに係止することによってのみ鋼管１０と先端掘削刃２０とが軸方向に分離しないようになっているため、前記係止が外れれば、鋼管１０から先端掘削刃２０が確実に分離可能となる。 When the filling of the cement milk S is completed, while rotating the steel pipe 10 in the anti-digging rotation direction (anti-A direction), that is, in the direction in which the rotation receiving portion 23a of the hook-like body 23 (FIG. 5) is separated from the projection 13 (FIG. 5). By pulling up, the tip excavation blade 20 is separated from the steel pipe 10. Since the surface F2 of the separation restricting portion 23b of the hook-shaped body 23 forms an obtuse angle with respect to the surface F1 of the rotation receiving portion 23a, the steel tube 10 is rotated in the anti-excavation rotation direction, so that the hook to the projection 13 is formed. The locking of the separation regulating portion 23b of the body 23 is easily released. The steel pipe 10 and the tip excavation blade 20 are not separated in the axial direction only by the locking of the separation restricting portions 23b of the hook-like body 23 on the surface of the projection 13 on the side opposite to the tip of the steel pipe. If the stop comes off, the tip drilling blade 20 can be reliably separated from the steel pipe 10.

そして、鋼管１０を反掘削回転方向に回転させながら鋼管１０のみを地盤３０から引き抜くことによって、図６（Ｄ）のように、鋼管１０の抜き跡となる杭孔３２および螺旋状の溝３１に鋼管１０内のセメントミルクＳを流し込む。鋼管１０から分離された先端掘削刃２０は、杭孔３２の底に残される。杭孔３２内のセメントミルクＳを、バイブレーター等を用いて締め固めても良い。鋼管１０を完全に引き抜いたなら、セメントミルクＳの杭頭部Ｓａを平滑に均す。これにより施工が完了する。セメントミルクＳが硬化することで、現場打ちコンクリート系杭３３となる。   Then, by pulling out only the steel pipe 10 from the ground 30 while rotating the steel pipe 10 in the anti-digging rotation direction, as shown in FIG. The cement milk S in the steel pipe 10 is poured. The tip excavation blade 20 separated from the steel pipe 10 is left at the bottom of the pile hole 32. The cement milk S in the pile hole 32 may be compacted using a vibrator or the like. When the steel pipe 10 is completely pulled out, the pile head Sa of the cement milk S is leveled smoothly. This completes the construction. The hardening of the cement milk S results in the cast-in-place concrete pile 33.

この現場打ちコンクリート系杭３３は、円柱状の杭本体の外周に螺旋状の節を有し、この螺旋状の節が地盤３０に食い込んでいる。また、掘削刃取付け鋼管１を地盤３０に貫入する過程において、杭孔４３となる部分の土が鋼管１０によって周囲に押しやられて地盤１５が締め固められる。そのため、杭周面のせん断抵抗が大きい。   The cast-in-place concrete pile 33 has a spiral node on the outer periphery of a columnar pile main body, and the spiral node cuts into the ground 30. Further, in the process of penetrating the excavating blade-attached steel pipe 1 into the ground 30, the soil at the portion serving as the pile hole 43 is pushed to the periphery by the steel pipe 10, and the ground 15 is compacted. Therefore, the shear resistance of the pile peripheral surface is large.

現場打ちコンクリート系杭３３の杭周面抵抗力が大きいと、以下の利点がある。
・杭径を小さくすることが可能となり、材料費の削減を図ることができる。
・現場打ちコンクリート系杭３３の材料が少なくて済み、環境負荷を低減することができる。
・杭先端をＮ値が比較的小さな地盤に支持させることができるため、杭長を短くすることができる。 If the pile peripheral resistance of the cast-in-place concrete pile 33 is large, there are the following advantages.
-The pile diameter can be reduced, and material costs can be reduced.
-The material of the cast-in-place concrete pile 33 can be reduced, and the environmental load can be reduced.
-Since the pile tip can be supported on the ground with a relatively small N value, the pile length can be shortened.

この掘削刃取付け鋼管１を使用した現場打ちコンクリート系杭の築造方法は、従来の柱状改良工法のように、現場の土と固化材を混合撹拌することがないので、現場の土の状態に影響されることなく、常に品質の安定した地盤補強用のコンクリート系杭を築造することができる。また、土質によって六価クロム等の有害な物質が溶出する心配がない。さらに、杭孔の周囲の土が鋼管によって周囲に押しやられて地盤が締め固められるため、コンクリート系杭の杭周面抵抗力が大きくとれる。   The method of constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile using the excavating blade-attached steel pipe 1 does not mix and agitate the soil at the site and the solidified material unlike the conventional columnar improvement method, and thus affects the condition of the soil at the site. It is possible to build a concrete pile for ground reinforcement with stable quality at all times. In addition, there is no fear that harmful substances such as hexavalent chromium are eluted depending on the soil properties. Furthermore, since the soil around the pile hole is pushed to the periphery by the steel pipe and the ground is compacted, the pile peripheral resistance of the concrete pile can be increased.

まとめると、この掘削刃取付け鋼管１は、鋼管１０の先端に上記構成の先端掘削刃２０を着脱可能に取り付けたことにより、以下の効果が得られる。
・先端掘削刃２０により、所定の杭径を確保することができる。
・先端掘削刃２０により、先端支持力を確保できる。
・フック状体２３の分離規制部２３ｂの角度を工夫したことで、鋼管１０に対して先端掘削刃２０をスムーズに脱着することができる。
・鋼管１０の先端に嵌め込まれる立ち上がり部２１ａを先端掘削刃２０に設けたことにより、回転貫入時における鋼管１０内への土の侵入を防止できる。
・上記立ち上がり部２１ａを設けたことにより、鋼管１０に対して先端掘削刃２０を安定して取り付けることができる。 In summary, in the excavating blade-attached steel pipe 1, the following effects are obtained by detachably attaching the distal excavating blade 20 having the above-described configuration to the distal end of the steel pipe 10.
A predetermined pile diameter can be secured by the tip excavation blade 20.
The tip excavation blade 20 can secure tip support force.
The tip excavation blade 20 can be smoothly attached to and detached from the steel pipe 10 by devising the angle of the separation restricting portion 23b of the hook 23.
-By providing the rising portion 21a fitted to the tip of the steel pipe 10 on the tip excavation blade 20, it is possible to prevent the intrusion of soil into the steel pipe 10 at the time of rotation penetration.
The provision of the rising portion 21 a allows the tip excavation blade 20 to be stably attached to the steel pipe 10.

前記参考提案例の先端掘削刃２０は、回転受け部２３ａと分離規制部２３ｂとからなるフック状体２３が設けられているが、実施形態に係る掘削刃取付け鋼管では、前記フック状体２３に代えて、図８、図９に示すように、分離規制部２３ｂは有さず回転受け部２３ａのみからなるものを設ける。これ以外の構成は、前記参考提案例と同じである。この構成の場合も、前記参考提案例と同様に、鋼管１０への先端掘削刃２０の取付けが容易で、かつ鋼管引き抜き時に鋼管１０から先端掘削刃２０を確実に分離することができる。   The tip excavation blade 20 of the reference proposal example is provided with a hook-shaped body 23 including a rotation receiving portion 23a and a separation regulating portion 23b, but in the excavation blade-attached steel pipe according to the embodiment, the hook-shaped body 23 is Instead, as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, one provided only with the rotation receiving portion 23 a without the separation regulating portion 23 b is provided. Other configurations are the same as those of the reference proposal example. In the case of this configuration as well, the tip excavation blade 20 can be easily attached to the steel pipe 10 and the tip excavation blade 20 can be reliably separated from the steel pipe 10 when the steel pipe is pulled out, as in the case of the aforementioned reference proposal.

ただし、図８、図９のように分離規制部２３ｂを有しない場合、杭打ち装置３（図６）に掘削刃取付け鋼管１を設置してから、施工時に先端掘削刃２０が接地するまでの間、鋼管１０から先端掘削刃２０が抜けないように両者を固定しておく固定手段（図示せず）を設ける必要がある。固定手段は、鋼管１０と先端掘削刃２０を一時的に固定するものであり、鋼管１０が地盤へ進入すると次のように外されていて、地盤への進入の邪魔にならないため、鋼管１０の外周に大きく突出するものであっても良く、例えば磁石、ピン、ベルト等を用いた簡易な構成とすることができる。また、固定手段は、その固定および解除操作を人手等により容易に行えることが望ましい。コンクリート系杭の築造時に、掘削刃取付け鋼管１を下降させて先端掘削刃２０が地表に当接したなら、鋼管１０から先端掘削刃２０が抜けることがなくなるので、固定手段による鋼管１０と先端掘削刃２０の固定を解除する。   However, in the case where the separation restricting portion 23b is not provided as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, after the excavating blade-attached steel pipe 1 is installed in the pile driving device 3 (FIG. 6), the tip excavating blade 20 is grounded during construction. During this time, it is necessary to provide a fixing means (not shown) for fixing the tip excavation blade 20 so that the tip excavation blade 20 does not come off from the steel pipe 10. The fixing means is to temporarily fix the steel pipe 10 and the tip excavation blade 20. When the steel pipe 10 enters the ground, the fixing means is removed as follows and does not hinder the entry into the ground. It may be one that protrudes largely to the outer periphery, and can be a simple configuration using a magnet, a pin, a belt, or the like, for example. It is desirable that the fixing means can be easily fixed and released by hand or the like. When the steel pipe 1 with the drilling blade is lowered and the tip drilling blade 20 comes into contact with the ground surface during the construction of the concrete pile, the tip drilling blade 20 does not fall out of the steel pipe 10, so that the steel pipe 10 and the tip drilling by the fixing means are prevented. Release the fixing of the blade 20.

１…掘削刃取付け鋼管
１０…鋼管
１１…螺旋状溝形成用刃体
１３…突起
２０…先端掘削刃
２１ａ…立ち上がり部
２２…掘削用刃体
２３…フック状体
２３ａ…回転受け部
２３ｂ…分離規制部
３０…地盤
３１…螺旋状の溝
３２…杭孔
３３…現場打ちコンクリート系杭
Ｆ１…回転受け部の突起に対向する面
Ｆ２…分離規制部の突起に対向する面
Ｏ１…鋼管の軸心
Ｏ２…先端掘削刃の軸心
Ｓ…セメントミルク DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Drilling blade mounting steel pipe 10 ... Steel pipe 11 ... Helical groove forming blade 13 ... Protrusion 20 ... Tip drilling blade 21a ... Rising part 22 ... Drilling blade 23 ... Hook-shaped body 23a ... Rotation receiving part 23b ... Separation regulation Part 30 ... Ground 31 ... Spiral groove 32 ... Pile hole 33 ... Cast-in-place concrete pile F1 ... Surface F2 opposed to the projection of the rotation receiving part F2 ... Surface opposed to the projection of the separation control part O1 ... The axis O2 of the steel pipe … Axis of tip drilling blade S… cement milk

Claims (4)

鋼管と、この鋼管の先端に着脱可能に取り付けられて先端面に掘削用刃体を有する先端掘削刃とでなり、前記鋼管の先端の内周面の円周方向複数個所に内径側へ突出する突起が設けられると共に、前記先端掘削刃に、前記鋼管が地盤に貫入する回転方向に回転するとき前記突起に当接して前記先端掘削刃を前記鋼管と一体に回転させる回転受け部が、前記鋼管側へ軸方向に突出して設けられ、この回転受け部が前記鋼管の内周面から鋼管中心側に離れており、前記突起から前記回転受け部が離れる方向に前記鋼管を回転させつつ引き上げて、前記鋼管から前記先端掘削刃を分離させた後、前記鋼管のみを地盤から引き抜くことが可能に、前記複数個所の突起の間に前記円周方法に間隔が空いていて、前記先端掘削刃の前記回転受け部が、前記鋼管の前記突起に対して上下に引っ掛かり可能な部位を持たない形状である、
ことを特徴とする現場打ちコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管。 A steel pipe and a tip drilling blade detachably attached to the tip of the steel pipe and having a drilling blade body at the tip face, and projecting to the inner diameter side at a plurality of circumferential locations on the inner circumferential surface of the tip of the steel pipe. A projection is provided, and the tip excavation blade has a rotation receiving portion that abuts on the projection to rotate the tip excavation blade integrally with the steel pipe when the steel pipe rotates in a rotation direction in which the steel pipe penetrates the ground, Side is provided to protrude in the axial direction, the rotation receiving portion is separated from the inner peripheral surface of the steel pipe to the steel pipe center side, and the steel pipe is pulled up while rotating the steel pipe in a direction in which the rotation receiving portion is separated from the projection, After separating the tip excavation blade from the steel pipe, it is possible to pull out only the steel pipe from the ground, there is an interval in the circumferential method between the plurality of projections, and the tip excavation blade The rotation receiving part is A shape having no site capable caught up and down relative to the projection of the tube,
A steel pipe with an excavating blade for the construction of cast-in-place concrete piles, characterized in that: 請求項１に記載の現場打ちコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管において、前記先端掘削刃に、前記鋼管に前記先端掘削刃が取り付けられた状態において前記鋼管の内部に挿入されて前記鋼管と前記先端掘削刃との隙間を塞ぐ立ち上がり部が設けられ、前記回転受け部は前記立ち上がり部よりも内側に位置して前記立ち上がり部よりも前記軸方向に突出する突出部分の全体からなることを特徴とする現場打ちコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管。   The excavating blade-mounted steel pipe for the construction of a cast-in-place concrete pile according to claim 1, wherein the tip excavating blade is inserted into the steel pipe in a state where the tip excavating blade is attached to the steel pipe. A rising portion that closes a gap with the tip excavation blade is provided, and the rotation receiving portion includes an entire projecting portion that is located inside the rising portion and protrudes in the axial direction from the rising portion. A steel pipe with a drilling blade for the construction of cast-in-place concrete piles. 請求項１または請求項２に記載の現場打ちコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管において、前記鋼管の下端に、この鋼管の外周面よりも外周側に突出した螺旋状溝形成用刃体が設けられたコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管。   The excavating blade-mounted steel pipe for the construction of a cast-in-place concrete pile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a lower end of the steel pipe is provided with a spiral groove forming blade projecting outward from an outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe. A steel pipe attached to a drilling blade for the construction of concrete piles. 請求項１ないし請求項３のいずれか１項に記載のコンクリート系杭築造用の掘削刃取付け鋼管を使用する現場打ちコンクリート系杭の築造方法であって、
前記掘削刃取付け鋼管を、前記先端掘削刃が下側となるように支持した状態で、前記突起に対して前記回転受け部が当接する方向に回転させつつ押し下げることによって、前記先端掘削刃により下方に掘削しながら地盤に挿入する過程と、
前記鋼管内にモルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクを充填する過程と、 前記突起から前記回転受け部が離れる方向に前記鋼管を回転させつつ引き上げて、前記鋼管から前記先端掘削刃を分離させた後、前記鋼管のみを地盤から引き抜くことによって、前記鋼管の抜き跡となる杭孔に前記鋼管内のモルタルまたは生コンクリートまたはセメントミルクを流し込む過程と、
を含む現場打ちコンクリート系杭の築造方法。 A method for constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile using the excavation blade-attached steel pipe for constructing a concrete pile according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
In a state where the excavation blade-attached steel pipe is supported such that the tip excavation blade is on the lower side, by pushing down while rotating in a direction in which the rotation receiving portion abuts on the projection, the tip excavation blade lowers. Excavating the ground and inserting it into the ground,
A step of filling the steel pipe with mortar or ready-mixed concrete or cement milk, after pulling up while rotating the steel pipe in a direction in which the rotation receiving portion is separated from the protrusion, and separating the tip cutting edge from the steel pipe, By pulling out only the steel pipe from the ground, a process of pouring mortar or ready-mixed concrete or cement milk in the steel pipe into a pile hole serving as a trace of the steel pipe,
Construction method of cast-in-place concrete piles.
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