JP6636022B2 - コンクリートを疎水化するための方法 - Google Patents
コンクリートを疎水化するための方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6636022B2 JP6636022B2 JP2017522044A JP2017522044A JP6636022B2 JP 6636022 B2 JP6636022 B2 JP 6636022B2 JP 2017522044 A JP2017522044 A JP 2017522044A JP 2017522044 A JP2017522044 A JP 2017522044A JP 6636022 B2 JP6636022 B2 JP 6636022B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- dispersion
- ketene dimer
- alkyl ketene
- concrete
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/04—Carboxylic acids; Salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C04B24/045—Esters, e.g. lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/008—Aldehydes, ketones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2652—Nitrogen containing polymers, e.g. polyacrylamides, polyacrylonitriles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/30—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
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Description
1.疎水化コンクリートまたは疎水化モルタルを製造するための方法であって、以下:
(A)コンクリートまたはモルタルの製造に適したセメントスラリーを準備するステップ;
(B1)以下:
(a)式(I)
R1およびR2は、10個から24個までの炭素原子を含む同一かまたは異なる炭化水素基である]
のアルキルケテンダイマー;
(b)1質量%以下の窒素含有率を有する少なくとも1種の乳化剤、ここで、前記乳化剤は、デンプン、セルロース、デンプン誘導体またはセルロース誘導体からなる群から選択されるものとする;
(c)フェノールスルホン酸とホルムアルデヒドとの、ナフタレンスルホン酸とホルムアルデヒドとの、またはナフタレンスルホン酸とフェノールとホルムアルデヒドと尿素との、縮合生成物、ここで、スルホン酸基は任意に、プロトン化された形態で、または脱プロトン化された形態で、または部分的にプロトン化されかつ部分的に脱プロトン化された形態で、存在することができる;
を含むアルキルケテンダイマー水性分散液(AKD分散液)を添加し、
ここで、前記分散液は、−5μeq/gから−150μeq/gまでの範囲内の電荷密度を有するものとし、
そして前記セメントスラリーを硬化させるステップ;
または
(B2)ステップ(A)の前記セメントスラリーを硬化させ、そして前記硬化されたセメントの表面に前記アルキルケテン水性分散液を施与するステップ
を含む、前記方法。
Aは、1つ以上のヒドロキシル基またはフェニル基で置換されていてもよい分岐鎖状または非分岐鎖状のC1〜C4−アルキレンであるか;または
Aは、1つ以上のヒドロキシル基で置換されていてもよい、C1〜C3−アルキレン−フェニレン、フェニレン−C1〜C3−アルキレンまたはC1〜C3−アルキレン−フェニレン−C1〜C3−アルキレンであり;かつ、
R3、R4およびR5は、互いに独立して、分岐鎖状または非分岐鎖状のC1〜C4−アルキルまたはC2〜C4−ヒドロキシアルキルであり、R5はHであってもよい]
に一致する。
[式中、
Aは、−CH2−CHOH−CH2−、−CH2−CH(CH2OH)−または−CH2−CH2−であり;かつ
R3、R4およびR5は、互いに独立して、メチルまたはエチルである]
に一致するアンモニウム構造単位である。
(a)硫酸アルミニウムを、0.1質量%から10質量%まで、および/または
(b)成分(b)を、1質量%から15質量%まで、および/または
(c)成分(c)を、0.1質量%から5質量%まで、および/または
(d)1個から10個までの炭素原子を有する少なくとも1種の飽和カルボン酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、p−トルエンスルホン酸および/または鉱酸(H2SO4、H3PO4)を、0.5質量%から5質量%まで
含む。
4つのコンクリート混合物を製造した:対照標準混合物を1つと、AKDエマルションで変性させた混合物を3つ。(対照標準混合物と比較して)さらにAKD(アルキルケテンダイマー)エマルションの固形分を加えた。その際、混合物中の0.5%AKDの活性分を一定に保った。打込んで厚さ40mmのコンクリートスラブとし、これを24時間後に脱型し、23℃/50%RHで貯蔵した。吸水率を、”Karsten Roehrchen”、Ludwig Mohren KG(アーヘン)により測定した。異なる試験材齢で、すなわち打込みの1日後、7日後および35日後に、開始した。その目的は、コンクリート中でのAKD分散液の全体的な疎水化の効果を実証することであった。全体的な疎水化は、吸水率の低下によって示される。
2つの異なる種類のAKD分散液(上記で定義したAKD IおよびIII)を、コンクリート材料の表面疎水化について試験した。これらのAKDを、水で1:4および1:99に希釈した。この混合物を、乾燥したコンクリート板(Antoniazziプレート)上に刷毛でコーティングした。乾燥(24時間)後、このコーティングされた表面上に水滴を置き、撥水挙動を観察した。
1.以下のさらなるAKD分散液を準備した:
AKD分散液IV(比較):
C16/C18(50:50)のアルキルケテンダイマー水性分散液(式IおよびIIにおいて:R1およびR2はそれぞれ、C14およびC16アルキルである)であって、高カチオン性の変性された低粘性デンプン(BASFより市販されているBasoplast 88)3質量%、およびナフタレンスルホン酸縮合生成物のナトリウム塩(Tamol NN 7718;BASF SEより市販)1質量%を分散させたもの。平均粒径は、約1000nmである。分散液の電荷密度は、約+77μeq/gである。全固形分は、約24%である。
C16/C18(50:50)のアルキルケテンダイマー水性分散液(式IおよびIIにおいて:R1およびR2はそれぞれ、C14およびC16アルキルである)であって、高カチオン性の変性された低粘性デンプン2質量%、およびナフタレンスルホン酸とホルムアルデヒドとの縮合生成物のナトリウム塩(Tamol NN 7718)2質量%を分散させたもの。平均粒径は、約1000nmである。粘度は、約10mPa・s(方法:ブルックフィールド、RVDV−II+PX、スピンドル01、6rpm、20℃)である。分散液の電荷密度は、約−80μeq/gである。全固形分は,約20%である。AKD 16質量%、デンプン2質量%、縮合生成物2質量%および水80質量%。
Claims (15)
- 疎水化コンクリートまたは疎水化モルタルを製造するための方法であって、以下:
(A)コンクリートまたはモルタルの製造に適したセメントスラリーを準備するステップ;
(B1)以下:
(a)式(I)
R1およびR2は、10個から24個までの炭素原子を含む同一かまたは異なる炭化水素基である]
のアルキルケテンダイマー、または固体の形態のアルキルケテンダイマー;
(b)1質量%以下の窒素含有率を有する少なくとも1種の乳化剤、ここで、前記乳化剤は、デンプン、セルロース、デンプン誘導体またはセルロース誘導体からなる群から選択されるものとする;
(c)フェノールスルホン酸とホルムアルデヒドとの、ナフタレンスルホン酸とホルムアルデヒドとの、またはナフタレンスルホン酸とフェノールとホルムアルデヒドと尿素との、縮合生成物、ここで、スルホン酸基は任意に、プロトン化された形態で、または脱プロトン化された形態で、または部分的にプロトン化されかつ部分的に脱プロトン化された形態で、存在することができる;
を含むアルキルケテンダイマー水性分散液を添加し、
ここで、前記分散液は、−5μeq/gから−150μeq/gまでの範囲内の電荷密度を有するものとし、
そして前記セメントスラリーを硬化させるステップ
または
(B2)ステップ(A)の前記セメントスラリーを硬化させ、そして前記硬化されたセメントの表面に前記アルキルケテンダイマー水性分散液を施与するステップ
を含む、前記方法。 - 前記乳化剤が、デンプン、セルロース、変性デンプンおよび変性セルロースから選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アルキルケテンダイマー水性分散液が、−10μeq/gから−120μeq/gまでの範囲内の電荷密度を有する、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種の乳化剤が、0.05質量%から1質量%までの範囲内の窒素含有率を有する、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 式IまたはIIにおける炭化水素基が、分岐鎖状および非分岐鎖状のC12〜C24−アルキルまたは分岐鎖状および非分岐鎖状のC12〜C24−アルケニルから選択される、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記アルキルケテンダイマー水性分散液が、前記分散液の全質量の5質量%から40質量%までのアルキルケテンダイマーを含む、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記乳化剤が、約3mPa・sから約200mPa・sまでの範囲内の、10%w/w水溶液中でのブルックフィールド粘度(RVDV−II+PX、スピンドル01、6rpm、20℃)を有する、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記セメントスラリーを、セメント、細骨材および粗骨材を含むセメント混合物に水を添加することによって準備する、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記アルキルケテンダイマー水性分散液を、前記セメント混合物の全質量の0.1質量%から10質量%までの量で使用する、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記セメントスラリーが、前記縮合生成物(c)以外の合成樹脂を実質的に含まない、請求項7または8に記載の方法。
- 前記アルキルケテンダイマー水性分散液が、ワックスまたは(メタ)アクリレート分散液をさらに含む、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から11までのいずれか1項により得ることができる、疎水化コンクリートまたは疎水化モルタル。
- コンクリートまたはモルタルを疎水化するための、請求項1から6までまたは10のいずれか1項に定義されたアルキルケテンダイマー水性分散液の使用。
- 前記アルキルケテンダイマー水性分散液を、コンクリートまたはモルタルの全体的な疎水化に使用する、請求項13に記載の使用。
- 前記アルキルケテンダイマー水性分散液を、コンクリートの表面疎水化に使用する、請求項13に記載の使用。
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CN107074658B (zh) | 2019-09-27 |
RU2017117607A3 (ja) | 2019-05-24 |
EP3209627B1 (en) | 2021-08-04 |
WO2016062866A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
RU2017117607A (ru) | 2018-11-27 |
US10144671B2 (en) | 2018-12-04 |
EP3209627A1 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
RU2713003C2 (ru) | 2020-02-03 |
US20170240468A1 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
CN107074658A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
JP2017537863A (ja) | 2017-12-21 |
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