JP6634325B2 - Plant virus control agent - Google Patents
Plant virus control agent Download PDFInfo
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- JP6634325B2 JP6634325B2 JP2016067546A JP2016067546A JP6634325B2 JP 6634325 B2 JP6634325 B2 JP 6634325B2 JP 2016067546 A JP2016067546 A JP 2016067546A JP 2016067546 A JP2016067546 A JP 2016067546A JP 6634325 B2 JP6634325 B2 JP 6634325B2
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- plant
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- control agent
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- plant virus
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- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 title claims description 66
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 35
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 35
- WHMDKBIGKVEYHS-IYEMJOQQSA-L Zinc gluconate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O WHMDKBIGKVEYHS-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 229960000306 zinc gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011670 zinc gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000011478 zinc gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L Copper gluconate Chemical compound [Cu+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940108925 copper gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 65
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 26
- 241000723873 Tobacco mosaic virus Species 0.000 description 20
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 19
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 15
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N Gluconic acid Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000674 Phytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 241001135901 Plantago asiatica mosaic virus Species 0.000 description 5
- 244000134552 Plantago ovata Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000003421 Plantago ovata Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000009223 Psyllium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 4
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VRIVJOXICYMTAG-IYEMJOQQSA-L iron(ii) gluconate Chemical compound [Fe+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O VRIVJOXICYMTAG-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VKZRWSNIWNFCIQ-WDSKDSINSA-N (2s)-2-[2-[[(1s)-1,2-dicarboxyethyl]amino]ethylamino]butanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NCCN[C@H](C(O)=O)CC(O)=O VKZRWSNIWNFCIQ-WDSKDSINSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VKZRWSNIWNFCIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(1,2-dicarboxyethylamino)ethylamino]butanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)NCCNC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O VKZRWSNIWNFCIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000005254 Allium ampeloprasum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000714212 Melon necrotic spot virus Species 0.000 description 2
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000710007 Potexvirus Species 0.000 description 2
- WDLRUFUQRNWCPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraxetan Chemical compound OC(=O)CN1CCN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC1 WDLRUFUQRNWCPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000723848 Tobamovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003753 real-time PCR Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000291564 Allium cepa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241001517197 Cattleya Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000724253 Cucumovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004244 Cucurbita moschata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000732800 Cymbidium Species 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBJKKFFYIZUCET-JLAZNSOCSA-N Dehydro-L-ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(=O)C1=O SBJKKFFYIZUCET-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBJKKFFYIZUCET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dehydroascorbic acid Natural products OCC(O)C1OC(=O)C(=O)C1=O SBJKKFFYIZUCET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000006497 Dianthus caryophyllus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009355 Dianthus caryophyllus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000160656 Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 244000010375 Talinum crassifolium Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000895 acaricidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDXBEDXBWNPQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate;hydron Chemical compound [Cu+2].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O BDXBEDXBWNPQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
本発明は、金属のキレートまたは塩を有効成分とする植物ウイルスの防除剤、グルコン酸またはその塩を有効成分とする植物ウイルスの防除剤、並びに当該防除剤を植物に施用することを含む植物ウイルスの防除方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a plant virus control agent comprising a metal chelate or salt as an active ingredient, a plant virus control agent comprising gluconic acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient, and a plant virus comprising applying the control agent to a plant. For controlling pests.
世界の作物生産額の15%は植物病害により失われており、そのうち植物ウイルス病による作物生産量の損失額は年間6兆円を超えると予想されている。しかし、植物ウイルスは軽微な病徴もしくは無病徴で感染範囲を拡大させるため、植物ウイルス病による被害は生産量の減少だけでなく、多くの場合、品質の低下を伴うという特徴をもつ。従って、植物ウイルス病による実際の被害は、試算は困難であるものの、損失額を大きく上回ると予想される。 15% of the world's crop production is lost due to plant diseases, of which crop virus losses are projected to exceed 6 trillion yen annually. However, plant viruses have a slight symptom or no symptom, and the range of infection is expanded. Therefore, the damage caused by plant viruses is not only a decrease in production but also in many cases, a decrease in quality. Therefore, the actual damage due to plant virus disease is expected to greatly exceed the amount of loss, although it is difficult to estimate.
植物ウイルス病の防除剤としては、日本においてレンテミンが農薬登録されているものの、特効薬となる化学農薬は存在しない（レンテミンは、野田食菌工業（株）の登録商標。農薬登録第15584号、第17774号、第19439号、第19440号）。そこで、媒介生物の防除や弱毒ウイルスの接種など時間と手間をかけた耕種的防除を行って、植物ウイルス病の被害を軽減させているのが実情である。 As a plant virus control agent, lentemin is registered as an agricultural chemical in Japan, but there is no chemical pesticide that is a specific medicine (lentemin is a registered trademark of Noda Shokubai Kogyo Co., Ltd. 17774, 19439 and 19440). Therefore, it is a fact that the time-consuming and time-consuming cultivated pest control, such as vector control and attenuated virus inoculation, is carried out to reduce the damage of plant virus diseases.
このため、植物ウイルス病に対して優れた効果を示す防除剤の開発が切望されている。 For this reason, development of a controlling agent exhibiting an excellent effect on plant virus diseases is eagerly desired.
なお、植物ウイルス病の防除剤に関しては、例えば、アミノ酸発酵副生物、デヒドロアスコルビン酸、アスコルビン酸（ビタミンＣ）などが有効であるとの報告がある（特許文献１〜３）。 As a control agent for plant virus disease, for example, there are reports that amino acid fermentation by-products, dehydroascorbic acid, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and the like are effective (Patent Documents 1 to 3).
本発明は、このような状況に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、植物ウイルス病に対して優れた防除効果を有する化合物を同定し、当該化合物を利用した植物ウイルス病の防除剤および防除方法を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, an object of the present invention is to identify a compound having an excellent control effect on plant virus disease, a plant virus disease control agent using the compound, and It is to provide a control method.
本発明者は、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討を行った結果、種々の金属のキレートまたは塩が植物ウイルスに対して優れた防除効果を有することを見出した。この防除効果は、それら薬剤を直接散布した葉のみならず、その上位葉にも認められたことから、植物の免疫力（病原に対する抵抗性）の向上がこの防除効果に寄与していることが考えられた。また、特定の金属のキレートを用いた場合には、極めて優れた防除効果に加えて、高濃度で投与した場合でも植物への薬害が生じないことを見出した。さらに、グルコン酸も、同様の防除効果を示すことを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, have found that various metal chelates or salts have an excellent control effect on plant viruses. This control effect was observed not only on the leaves to which the chemicals were directly sprayed but also on the upper leaves, indicating that the improvement of plant immunity (resistance to pathogens) contributed to the control effect. it was thought. In addition, it has been found that when a chelate of a specific metal is used, in addition to an extremely excellent controlling effect, no phytotoxicity to plants occurs even when administered at a high concentration. Furthermore, gluconic acid was found to exhibit the same control effect, and the present invention was completed.
すなわち、本発明は、金属のキレートまたは塩を有効成分とする植物ウイルスの防除剤、グルコン酸またはその塩を有効成分とする植物ウイルスの防除剤、並びに当該防除剤を植物に施用することを含む植物ウイルス病の防除方法に関し、より詳しくは、以下の発明を提供するものである。 That is, the present invention includes a plant virus control agent containing a metal chelate or salt as an active ingredient, a plant virus control agent containing gluconic acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient, and applying the control agent to plants. More specifically, the present invention provides the following invention with respect to a method for controlling plant virus diseases.
（１）金属のキレートまたは塩を有効成分とする、植物ウイルス病の防除剤。 (1) A plant virus disease controlling agent comprising a metal chelate or salt as an active ingredient.
（２）金属が亜鉛である、（１）に記載の防除剤。 (2) The control agent according to (1), wherein the metal is zinc.
（３）金属のキレートがグルコン酸のキレートである、（１）に記載の防除剤。 (3) The controlling agent according to (1), wherein the metal chelate is a gluconic acid chelate.
（４）金属のキレートがグルコン酸亜鉛である、（１）に記載の防除剤。 (4) The control agent according to (1), wherein the metal chelate is zinc gluconate.
（５）植物ウイルス病がモザイク病である、（１）〜（４）のいずれかに記載の防除剤。 (5) The control agent according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the plant virus disease is mosaic disease.
（６）（１）〜（４）のいずれかに記載の防除剤を植物に施用することを含む、植物ウイルス病の防除方法。 (6) A method for controlling plant virus diseases, which comprises applying the control agent according to any one of (1) to (4) to plants.
（７）植物ウイルス病がモザイク病である、（６）に記載の防除方法。 (7) The control method according to (6), wherein the plant virus disease is mosaic disease.
（８） グルコン酸またはその塩を有効成分とする、植物ウイルス病の防除剤。 (8) A plant virus disease controlling agent comprising gluconic acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.
（９） 植物ウイルス病がモザイク病である、（８）に記載の防除剤。 (9) The control agent according to (8), wherein the plant virus disease is mosaic disease.
（１０） （８）〜（９）のいずれかに記載の防除剤を植物に施用することを含む、植物ウイルス病の防除方法。 (10) A method for controlling a plant virus disease, comprising applying the control agent according to any one of (8) to (9) to a plant.
本発明の防除剤を用いれば、葉の萎縮や斑点の発生などの薬害を生じることなく、効果的に植物ウイルスを防除することが可能である。また、本発明の防除剤によれば、植物体において、それを施用した部位のみならず、その周辺部位においても防除効果をもたらすことが可能である。 By using the controlling agent of the present invention, it is possible to effectively control plant viruses without causing phytotoxicity such as leaf atrophy and spots. Further, according to the controlling agent of the present invention, it is possible to exert a controlling effect not only on the site where the plant is applied, but also on the surrounding site in the plant.
本発明の防除剤に用いる金属のキレートまたは塩としては、植物ウイルス病の防除効果を有するものであれば特に制限はない。 The metal chelate or salt used in the control agent of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a plant virus disease controlling effect.
本発明に用いる金属としては、例えば、亜鉛、鉄、銅、マンガン、モリブデン、マグネシウム、ケイ素、ホウ素、カルシウム、コバルト、ニッケルなどが挙げられるが、植物に対する毒性が低いことから、好ましくは亜鉛である。 Examples of the metal used in the present invention include zinc, iron, copper, manganese, molybdenum, magnesium, silicon, boron, calcium, cobalt, nickel, and the like.Because of low toxicity to plants, zinc is preferable. .
金属イオンをそのまま（無機のまま）土壌に与えた場合、その金属イオンは土壌中のリン酸などと化合して不溶性の沈殿を形成し、所望の効果を十分に得ることができない場合がある。そこで、予めキレート剤と化合させてキレートを作製し、それを施肥することにより他の成分との化合を防止して本来の肥効を発揮させることができる。また、金属のキレートは植物に吸収され易いという性質を持つ。このような観点から、本発明ではキレートされた金属をより好適に用いることができる。 When a metal ion is provided to soil as it is (inorganic), the metal ion combines with phosphoric acid or the like in the soil to form an insoluble precipitate, and the desired effect may not be sufficiently obtained. Thus, a chelate is prepared in advance by compounding with a chelating agent, and by applying the fertilizer, compounding with other components can be prevented and the original fertilizing effect can be exhibited. In addition, metal chelates have the property of being easily absorbed by plants. From such a viewpoint, a chelated metal can be more preferably used in the present invention.
なお、本発明においては、キレート化合物またはキレート塩を一般的にキレートと称する。 In the present invention, a chelate compound or a chelate salt is generally called a chelate.
金属のキレート剤としては、例えば、グルコン酸、EDTA（エチレンジアミン四酢酸、Ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid）、DTPA（ジエチレントリアミンペンタアセテート酸、Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid）、NTA（ニトリロ三酢酸、Nitrilotriacetic acid）、EDDS（エチレンジアミン-N,N'-ジコハク酸、Ethylenediamine-N,N’-disuccinic acid）、DOTA（1,4,7,10-テトラアザシクロドデカン-1,4,7,10-テトラ酢酸）、クエン酸、蟻酸、フィチン酸、エチレンジアミン、ビピリジン、フェナントロリンなどが挙げられるが、植物に対する毒性が低いことから、好ましくはグルコン酸である。グルコン酸亜鉛は、優れた防除効果と毒性の低さを兼ね備えていることから、本発明の防除剤の有効成分として最も好適に用いることができる。なお、汎用性の観点からは、EDTA系キレート剤を好適に用いることができ、自然分解性の観点からはEDDSなどを好適に用いることができる。 Examples of metal chelating agents include gluconic acid, EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetate acid), NTA (nitrilotriacetic acid), EDDS (ethylenediamine-N, N'-disuccinic acid, Ethylenediamine-N, N'-disuccinic acid), DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid), citric acid, formic acid, phytin Examples thereof include acid, ethylenediamine, bipyridine, and phenanthroline, and gluconic acid is preferable because of low toxicity to plants. Since zinc gluconate has both an excellent control effect and low toxicity, it can be most suitably used as an active ingredient of the control agent of the present invention. From the viewpoint of versatility, an EDTA-based chelating agent can be suitably used, and from the viewpoint of spontaneous degradability, EDDS or the like can be suitably used.
金属の塩としては、例えば、硫酸塩、リン酸塩、硝酸塩、塩化物、炭酸塩などが挙げられるが、金属塩であれば特に限定されない。 Examples of the metal salt include a sulfate, a phosphate, a nitrate, a chloride, and a carbonate, but are not particularly limited as long as they are metal salts.
本発明の防除剤においては、グルコン酸やその塩を有効成分とすることもできる。 In the control agent of the present invention, gluconic acid or a salt thereof can be used as an active ingredient.
本発明の防除剤においては、上記有効成分を1種単独でまたは2種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。 In the control agent of the present invention, the above active ingredients can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
また、本発明の防除剤は、植物ウイルス病の防除効果が阻害されない限り、他の任意の成分を含有していてもよい。他の任意成分としては、例えば、充填剤、増量剤、結合剤、付湿剤、崩壊剤、滑沢剤、稀釈剤、賦形剤、展着剤等を挙げることができる。 In addition, the control agent of the present invention may contain other optional components as long as the control effect of the plant virus disease is not inhibited. Other optional components include, for example, fillers, extenders, binders, humectants, disintegrants, lubricants, diluents, excipients, spreading agents and the like.
植物ウイルス病に対する防除効果をさらに高めるため、あるいは、適用対象とする植物ウイルス病の範囲を広げるため、本発明の防除剤は、植物ウイルスの防除に寄与するレンテミンなどの既知の薬剤と組み合わせて用いることができる。また植物ウイルスは、虫媒感染する例もあることから、既知の殺虫剤、殺ダニ剤、抗菌剤などと組み合わせて用いることもできる。 To further enhance the control effect against plant virus diseases, or to broaden the range of plant virus diseases to be applied, the control agent of the present invention is used in combination with a known drug such as lentemin which contributes to control of plant viruses. be able to. In addition, plant viruses can be used in combination with known insecticides, acaricides, antibacterial agents, and the like, because there are cases in which they are transmitted by insect vectors.
本発明の防除剤の植物への施用方法は特に制限されず、例えば、散布、塗布、土壌潅注、土壌混和などが挙げられる。本発明の防除剤が施用されている領域では非常に高い感染防除効果が認められることから、施用方法としては、散布や塗布などによる植物体の全体や葉への施用、あるいは土壌潅注や土壌混和などによる根への施用が好ましい。本発明の防除剤は、施用された部位の周辺部位においても、ウイルス病に対する防除効果を示すことができる点で有利である。 The method of applying the control agent of the present invention to plants is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include spraying, application, soil irrigation, and soil admixture. Since a very high infection control effect is observed in the area where the control agent of the present invention is applied, application methods include application to the whole plant or leaves by spraying or application, or soil irrigation or soil mixing. Application to the roots is preferred. The controlling agent of the present invention is advantageous in that it can exhibit a controlling effect against a viral disease even at a site around the applied site.
本発明の防除剤の剤型は、上記施用方法などに応じて各種の形態を採ることができ、例えば、乳剤、油剤、エアゾール、フロアブル剤などの液剤の他、水和剤、水溶剤、粉剤、粒剤などが挙げられる。散布などにより植物体へ施用する場合には、施用時に液状にすることができる剤型が好ましい。 The dosage form of the control agent of the present invention can take various forms depending on the application method and the like. For example, in addition to liquids such as emulsions, oils, aerosols, and flowables, wettable powders, water solvents, and powders And granules. When applied to a plant by spraying or the like, a dosage form that can be made liquid at the time of application is preferable.
施用時における各薬剤の濃度は、植物ウイルス病に対して防除効果を有し、かつ、植物体への薬害が生じない濃度であれば特に制限はない。通常0.1〜50mMの範囲内であるが、例えば、グルコン酸亜鉛であれば、1〜40mMが好ましく、硫酸亜鉛であれば、0.1〜1mMが好ましく、グルコン酸鉄であれば、0.5〜10mMが好ましく、エチレンジアミン四酢酸銅であれば、0.1〜1mMが好ましく、グルコン酸銅であれば、0.1〜1mMが好ましい。 The concentration of each drug at the time of application is not particularly limited as long as it has a controlling effect on plant virus diseases and does not cause phytotoxicity to plants. Usually within the range of 0.1 to 50 mM, for example, for zinc gluconate, 1 to 40 mM is preferable, for zinc sulfate, 0.1 to 1 mM is preferable, and for iron gluconate, 0.5 to 10 mM is preferable. For copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.1 to 1 mM is preferable, and for copper gluconate, 0.1 to 1 mM is preferable.
本発明の防除剤の植物への施用時期は特に制限されないが、予防的な防除が最も有効である。具体的には、育苗期から収穫前にかけての施用が有効である。また、防除剤の施用回数に制限はないが、2回程度までに抑えることが好ましい。 The application time of the control agent of the present invention to plants is not particularly limited, but preventive control is most effective. Specifically, application from the seedling raising stage to before harvest is effective. The number of application of the control agent is not limited, but is preferably suppressed to about two times.
本発明の防除剤を適用する植物ウイルス病としては、例えば、トバモウイルス属ウイルス、ポテックスウイルス属ウイルス、カルラウイルス属ウイルス、ククモウイルス属ウイルス、またはカルモウイルス属ウイルスの感染により発症する病気が挙げられる。 Plant virus diseases to which the control agent of the present invention is applied include, for example, diseases caused by infection with a tobamovirus, a potexvirus, a carlavirus, a cucumovirus, or a carmovirus. Can be
トバモウイルス属ウイルスとしては、例えば、タバコモザイクウイルス（TMV）、トマトモザイクウイルス（ToMV）、キュウリ緑斑モザイクウイルス（KGMMV）、トウガラシマイルドモットルウイルス（PMMoV）、スイカ緑斑モザイクウイルス（CGMMV）などが挙げられ、ポテックスウイルス属ウイルスとしては、例えば、オオバコモザイクウイルス（PlAMV）、ジャガイモXウイルス（PVX）などが挙げられ、カルラウイルス属ウイルスとしては、例えば、ジャガイモモザイクウイルス（PVM）が挙げられ、ククモウイルス属ウイルスとしては、例えば、キュウリモザイクウイルス（CMV）などが挙げられ、カルモウイルス属ウイルスとしては、例えば、メロンえそ斑点ウイルス（MNSV）などが挙げられるが、これらに制限されない。 Examples of tobamoviruses include tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (KGMMV), capsicum mild mottle virus (PMMoV), watermelon green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), and the like. Examples of the virus of the genus Potex virus include psyllium mosaic virus (PlAMV) and potato X virus (PVX), and examples of the virus of the genus Carlavirus include potato mosaic virus (PVM), Examples of the cucumber virus genus virus include cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and examples of the carmovirus genus virus include, but are not limited to, melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV).
本発明の防除剤の対象とする植物ウイルス病は、好ましくは、各種モザイクウイルスやジャガイモXウイルスなどの感染により発症するモザイク病である。 The plant virus disease targeted by the control agent of the present invention is preferably a mosaic disease caused by infection with various mosaic viruses or potato X virus.
本発明の防除剤を施用する植物は、植物ウイルスが感染するものであれば特に制限はないが、例えば、タバコ、トマト、トウガラシ、キュウリ、メロン、スイカ、リンゴ、ネギ、タマネギ、ニラ、ピーマン、ジャガイモ、イネ、オオムギ、かぼちゃ、ハクサイ、キャベツ、レタス、花卉類（キク、バラ、カーネーション、チューリップ、カトレア、シンビジウム、トルコギキョウ、スターチス、ガーベラなど）等が挙げられる。このように本発明の防除剤は、ナス科植物、ウリ科植物、アブラナ科植物、イネ科植物など広範囲に適用することができる。植物ウイルスと宿主植物との関係については、日本植物病名データベース（農業生物資源ジーンバンク）を参照のこと。 The plant to which the control agent of the present invention is applied is not particularly limited as long as it is infected with a plant virus.For example, tobacco, tomato, capsicum, cucumber, melon, watermelon, apple, leek, onion, leek, pepper, Potato, rice, barley, pumpkin, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, lettuce, flowers (chrysanthemum, rose, carnation, tulip, cattleya, cymbidium, eustoma, starch, gerbera, etc.) and the like. As described above, the control agent of the present invention can be widely applied to solanaceous plants, cucurbitaceous plants, cruciferous plants, and gramineous plants. For the relationship between plant viruses and host plants, refer to the Japanese Plant Disease Database (Agricultural Biological Resources Genebank).
以下、実施例に基づいて本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
[実施例１] タバコにおけるトマトモザイクウイルスに対する防除効果
（１）葉における斑点による評価
播種後3週齢のベンサミアーナタバコに各薬剤を茎葉散布した。薬剤にはグルコン酸亜鉛、硫酸亜鉛、グルコン酸鉄、CuEDTAまたはグルコン酸銅を用い、展着剤としてマイリノーを終濃度0.01%になるよう混合した。
[Example 1] Control effect of tobacco on tomato mosaic virus in tobacco (1) Evaluation by spots on leaves Each drug was sprayed on foliage of Bensamiana tobacco 3 weeks old after sowing. As a drug, zinc gluconate, zinc sulfate, iron gluconate, CuEDTA or copper gluconate was used, and mylinol was mixed as a spreading agent to a final concentration of 0.01%.
2μgのGFPを発現するように改変したToMVのプラスミド（pTLBN.G3）について、AmpliCap-MaxTM T7 High Yield Message Maker Kits（cap analogue:GTP=4:1）を用いてRNAを転写合成した。各薬剤処理の3日後、RNA転写物を20倍に希釈し10μlをカーボランダムを用いてベンサミアーナタバコ葉に塗布（機械接種）した。接種3日後に接種葉におけるGFPの蛍光斑点（ToMVの感染、増殖部位に一致する）をカウントし、各薬剤による感染防除効果を評価した。対照に対する感染抑制率を算出し、その平均値を示した（図１）。1処理あたり、ベンサミアーナタバコを3個体以上を用いた。 With respect to the ToMV plasmid (pTLBN.G3) modified to express 2 μg of GFP, RNA was transcribed and synthesized using AmpliCap-Max ™ T7 High Yield Message Maker Kits (cap analogue: GTP = 4: 1). Three days after each drug treatment, the RNA transcript was diluted 20-fold and 10 μl was applied (mechanically inoculated) to Bensamiana tobacco leaves using carborundum. Three days after the inoculation, fluorescent spots of GFP in the inoculated leaves (corresponding to the ToMV infection and growth site) were counted, and the infection control effect of each drug was evaluated. The infection inhibition rate with respect to the control was calculated, and the average value was shown (FIG. 1). Per treatment, three or more Bensamiana tobacco plants were used.
その結果、各薬剤によりトマトモザイクウイルスの感染抑制を行うことができた。グルコン酸亜鉛については高濃度で施用した場合でも薬害が生じず、最も効果的に感染抑制を行うことができた。 As a result, infection of tomato mosaic virus could be suppressed by each drug. With regard to zinc gluconate, even when applied at a high concentration, no phytotoxicity occurred and infection could be controlled most effectively.
なお、グルコン酸について同様に検証を行った結果、ウイルスに対する感染抑制効果が認められた（図２）。アスコルビン酸は、ウイルス防除に効果のあることが知られており、対照として用いている。
（２）ウイルスRNA量による評価
播種後3週齢のベンサミアーナタバコに各薬剤を茎葉散布した。薬剤にはグルコン酸亜鉛、硫酸亜鉛、グルコン酸鉄またはグルコン酸銅を用い、展着剤としてマイリノーを終濃度0.01%になるよう混合した。
In addition, as a result of similarly verifying gluconic acid, an effect of suppressing infection with a virus was observed (FIG. 2). Ascorbic acid is known to be effective in controlling viruses and is used as a control.
(2) Evaluation by viral RNA content Each drug was sprayed on foliage of Bensamiana tobacco 3 weeks old after seeding. As a drug, zinc gluconate, zinc sulfate, iron gluconate or copper gluconate was used, and mylinol was mixed as a spreading agent to a final concentration of 0.01%.
2μgのGFP発現ToMVのプラスミド（pTLBN.G3）について、AmpliCap-MaxTM T7 High Yield Message Maker Kits（cap analogue:GTP=4:1）を用いてRNAを転写合成した。RNA転写物を20倍に希釈し、10μlをカーボランダムを用いて、各薬剤処理3日後にベンサミアーナタバコ葉に塗布（機械接種）した。接種3日後にRNA転写物を塗布した葉（接種葉）および、その上位第三葉（接種葉から3つ上の葉）において、感染したToMVのRNAをリアルタイムPCRを用いて定量した。1処理あたり、ベンサミアーナタバコ3個体を用い、平均値および標準誤差を図示した（図３）。 For 2 μg of GFP-expressing ToMV plasmid (pTLBN.G3), RNA was transcribed and synthesized using AmpliCap-Max ™ T7 High Yield Message Maker Kits (cap analogue: GTP = 4: 1). The RNA transcript was diluted 20-fold and 10 μl was applied (mechanically inoculated) to Bensamiana tobacco leaves 3 days after each drug treatment using carborundum. Three days after the inoculation, the RNA of the infected ToMV was quantified using real-time PCR in the leaves to which the RNA transcript was applied (inoculated leaves) and in the upper third leaf (leaves three above the inoculated leaves). The average value and the standard error were shown using three Bensamiana tobacco plants per treatment (FIG. 3).
その結果、各薬剤によりトマトモザイクウイルスの感染抑制を行うことができることが、ウイルスのRNA量からも裏付けられた。これら薬剤を用いた場合には、接種葉のみならず、上位第3葉においても感染したウイルス量の顕著な減少が認められた。この結果は、これらの薬剤処理がウイルスへの抵抗性を植物全体で誘導することを示唆している。 As a result, the ability of each drug to suppress infection of tomato mosaic virus was supported by the amount of RNA of the virus. When these agents were used, a marked decrease in the amount of infected virus was observed not only in the inoculated leaves but also in the upper third leaves. This result suggests that treatment with these drugs induces resistance to the virus in the whole plant.
[実施例２] タバコにおけるオオバコモザイクウイルスに対する防除効果
（１）葉における斑点による評価
播種後3週齢のベンサミアーナタバコに20mMのグルコン酸亜鉛またはグルコン酸銅を茎葉散布した（展着剤としてマイリノーを終濃度0.01%になるよう混合した）。
[Example 2] Pest control effect on psyllium mosaic virus in tobacco (1) Evaluation by spots on leaves Bamsiana tobacco 3 weeks old after sowing was sprayed with foliage of 20 mM zinc gluconate or copper gluconate (as a spreading agent) Mylinol was mixed to a final concentration of 0.01%).
茎葉散布の3日後にGFPを発現するように改変したオオバコモザイクウイルス（Plantago asiatica mosaic virus, PlAMV）をベンサミアーナタバコに塗布（機械接種）した。接種4日後および7日後に接種葉におけるGFPの蛍光斑点（PlAMVの感染、増殖部位に一致する）を写真撮影した（図４）。図４上段は実験に供した植物の写真である。図４下段は上段と同じ植物に近紫外光を照射し、GFP蛍光を光学フィルターを通して撮影したものあり、ウイルスの増殖部位が蛍光斑点となって示されている。右図は接種7日後の葉を並べて比較したものである。 Three days after foliar application, plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV) modified to express GFP was applied (mechanically inoculated) to Bensamiana tobacco. Four and seven days after the inoculation, fluorescent spots of GFP in the inoculated leaves (corresponding to the site of PlAMV infection and growth) were photographed (FIG. 4). The upper part of FIG. 4 is a photograph of the plant used for the experiment. In the lower part of FIG. 4, the same plant as in the upper part was irradiated with near-ultraviolet light, and GFP fluorescence was photographed through an optical filter. The virus growth site is shown as fluorescent spots. The figure on the right shows side-by-side comparison of leaves 7 days after inoculation.
その結果、これら薬剤を施用した葉において、オオバコモザイクウイルスに対する感染抑制効果が認められた。 As a result, the effect of suppressing the infection with psyllium mosaic virus was observed in leaves to which these agents were applied.
[実施例３] トマトにおけるトマトモザイクウイルスに対する防除効果
（１）ウイルスRNAによる評価
14日齢トマト（品種レジナ、品種スイートハート）に20mM グルコン酸亜鉛を茎葉散布した。2μgのGFP発現ToMVのプラスミド（pTLBN.G3）について、AmpliCap-MaxTM T7 High Yield Message Maker Kits（cap analogue:GTP=4:1）を用いてRNAを転写合成した。RNA転写物を5倍に希釈し、カーボランダムを用いて、グルコン酸亜鉛処理3日後にトマト葉に10μlを塗布（機械接種）した。接種6日後に接種葉およびその上位葉をサンプリングし、リアルタムPCR（qRT-PCR）法により感染したToMVのRNA量を定量した。1処理あたり、トマト3個体を用い、平均値および標準誤差を図示した（図５）。
[Example 3] Control effect on tomato mosaic virus in tomato (1) Evaluation by viral RNA
Fourteen day old tomatoes (variety Regina, variety sweetheart) were sprayed with foliage with 20 mM zinc gluconate. For 2 μg of GFP-expressing ToMV plasmid (pTLBN.G3), RNA was transcribed and synthesized using AmpliCap-Max ™ T7 High Yield Message Maker Kits (cap analogue: GTP = 4: 1). The RNA transcript was diluted 5-fold, and 10 μl of the tomato leaves were applied (mechanical inoculation) 3 days after the zinc gluconate treatment using carborundum. Six days after inoculation, the inoculated leaves and their upper leaves were sampled, and the amount of infected ToMV RNA was quantified by real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The average value and standard error were illustrated using three tomatoes per treatment (FIG. 5).
その結果、各トマト品種において、トマトモザイクウイルスに対するグルコン酸亜鉛の感染抑制効果が認められた。 As a result, in each tomato variety, the effect of suppressing the infection of zinc gluconate against tomato mosaic virus was observed.
実施例１〜３において使用したToMVやPlAMVは様々な植物に感染する非常に感染力の強いウイルスであり、本発明は様々なウイルスに対して有効に機能することが期待される。 ToMV and PlAMV used in Examples 1 to 3 are very infectious viruses that infect various plants, and the present invention is expected to function effectively against various viruses.
上記の通り、本発明の防除剤は、葉の萎縮や斑点の発生などの薬害を生じることなく、植物ウイルスに対して優れた防除効果を示すことができる。このため、安全性と効果を兼ね備えた農薬として、農業分野において大きく貢献しうるものである。 As described above, the control agent of the present invention can exhibit an excellent control effect on plant viruses without causing phytotoxicity such as leaf atrophy and spots. For this reason, it can greatly contribute to the agricultural field as an agricultural chemical having both safety and effect.
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