JP6612783B2 - 重炭酸ナトリウムをベースとする反応性組成物およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
重炭酸ナトリウムをベースとする反応性組成物およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6612783B2 JP6612783B2 JP2016568126A JP2016568126A JP6612783B2 JP 6612783 B2 JP6612783 B2 JP 6612783B2 JP 2016568126 A JP2016568126 A JP 2016568126A JP 2016568126 A JP2016568126 A JP 2016568126A JP 6612783 B2 JP6612783 B2 JP 6612783B2
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 146
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 62
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 43
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 189
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 114
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 93
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 46
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 44
- -1 fatty acid salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229940001593 sodium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 18
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFDFYCRDUBAKHD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;carbamate Chemical compound [Na+].NC([O-])=O KFDFYCRDUBAKHD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1O NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009621 Solvay process Methods 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003918 potentiometric titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VQBIMXHWYSRDLF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;azane;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O VQBIMXHWYSRDLF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- IQUPABOKLQSFBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O IQUPABOKLQSFBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQWQAPHZHYBDNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M N.C(N)([O-])=O.[Na+] Chemical compound N.C(N)([O-])=O.[Na+] OQWQAPHZHYBDNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012911 assay medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;carbonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M methyl orange Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940012189 methyl orange Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005385 peroxodisulfate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007793 ph indicator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011802 pulverized particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940076133 sodium carbonate monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/40—Acidic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
- B01D53/685—Halogens or halogen compounds by treating the gases with solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
- B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
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Description
項目1。80重量%〜98重量%の重炭酸ナトリウム、1重量%〜12重量%の炭酸ナトリウムおよびアンモニウムイオンNH4 +の形態で表される、0.02重量%〜2.0重量%のアンモニアを含む反応性組成物であって、1.0重量%未満、好ましくは0.9重量%未満、より好ましくは0.8重量%未満の水を含むことを特徴とする組成物。
・ アンモニア−ソーダプラントからの粗重炭酸塩粒子から生じた粒子が、粒子を満載したガス流を形成するために、空気を含む30℃超の温度のガス流中へ導入され;
・ 粒子を満載したガス流が、レーザー回折法によって測定される50μm未満の直径D90および35μm未満の直径D50、好ましくは35μm未満の直径D90および20μm未満の直径D50、より好ましくは30μm未満の直径D90および15μm未満の直径D50を有する粉砕粒子を含むガス流を形成するためにミル中へ導入される
方法。
項目1’。60重量%〜98重量%の重炭酸ナトリウム、1重量%〜40重量%の炭酸ナトリウムおよびアンモニウムイオンNH4 +の形態で表される、0.02重量%〜2.0重量%のアンモニアを含む反応性組成物であって、1.0重量%未満、好ましくは0.9重量%未満、より好ましくは0.8重量%未満の水を含むことを特徴とする組成物。
・ アンモニア−ソーダプラントからの粗重炭酸塩粒子から生じた粒子が、粒子を満載したガス流を形成するために、空気を含む30℃超の温度のガス流中へ導入され;
・ 粒子を満載したガス流が、レーザー回折法によって測定される100μm未満の直径D90および75μm未満の直径D50、好ましくは50μm未満の直径D90および35μm未満の直径D50、より好ましくは35μm未満の直径D90および20μm未満の直径D50、さらに一層好ましくは30μm未満の直径D90および15μm未満の直径D50を有する粉砕粒子を含むガス流を形成するためにミル中へ導入される
方法。
項目1’’。60重量%〜98重量%の重炭酸ナトリウム、1重量%〜40重量%の炭酸ナトリウムおよびアンモニウムイオンNH4 +の形態で表される、0.02重量%〜2.0重量%のアンモニアを含む反応性組成物であって、1.0重量%未満、好ましくは0.9重量%未満、より好ましくは0.8重量%未満の水を含むことを特徴とする組成物。
・ アンモニア−ソーダプラントからの粗重炭酸塩粒子から生じた粒子が、粒子を満載したガス流を形成するために、空気を含む30℃超の温度のガス流中へ導入され;
・ 粒子を満載したガス流が、レーザー回折法によって測定される100μm未満の直径D90および75μm未満の直径D50、好ましくは50μm未満の直径D90および35μm未満の直径D50、より好ましくは35μm未満の直径D90および20μm未満の直径D50、さらに一層好ましくは30μm未満の直径D90および15μm未満の直径D50を有する粉砕粒子を含むガス流を形成するためにミル中へ導入される
方法。
2NH4 ++NaClO→NaCl+2H++3H2O+N2
に従って重炭酸塩アッセイ媒体中でNaClOでのNH4 +の電位差滴定によって行われる。
によって定義される。
本発明では、反応性組成物は、1重量%未満の水を含む。一般に、反応性組成物は、最大0.9重量%、有利には最大0.8重量%、より有利には最大0.7重量%、さらに一層有利には最大0.5重量%の水を含む。本組成物が貯蔵中のアンモニアの減少した放出の減少を提供するために非常に低い量の水を有する必要性はまったくない。さらに、重炭酸ナトリウムの乾燥技術のほとんどが、重炭酸ナトリウムの損失をおよび炭酸ナトリウム含有率の増加をもたらすので、非常に低い量の水が反応性組成物の品質に害を及ぼす。反応性組成物は一般に、少なくとも0.01重量%、または少なくとも0.05重量%、または少なくとも0.1重量%、または少なくとも0.2重量%の水を含む。水の量は、約3gの組成物を時計皿に、そして24時間の間、約50ミリバール絶対圧の減圧下にシリカゲルの存在下でのデシケーター中に入れて25℃の温度での減量によって測定される。本説明において、(例えば炭酸ナトリウム一水和物結晶などの炭酸ナトリウムの結晶への結合水と区別されるべき)組成物上に吸収された液体水による「遊離水」は、30℃で加熱される換気実験室オーブンに入れられた試料の16時間の間の減量によって測定される。
・ アンモニア−ソーダプラントからの粗重炭酸塩粒子から生じた粒子は、粒子で満載したガス流を形成するために、空気を一般に含むガス流中へ導入され;
・ 粒子を満載したガス流は、レーザー回折法によって測定される100μm未満の直径D90および75μm未満の直径D50、好ましくは50μm未満の直径D90および35μm未満の直径D50、より好ましくは35μm未満の直径D90および20μm未満の直径D50、さらに一層好ましくは30μm未満の直径D90および15μm未満の直径D50を有する粉砕粒子を含むガス流を形成するためにミル中へ導入される。
74重量%の重炭酸ナトリウム、9重量%の炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸塩アンモニウム、炭酸アンモニウム、カルバミン酸アンモニウム、カルバミン酸ナトリウムの形態での、アンモニウムイオンNH4 +として表される0.8重量%のアンモニア、15重量%の水の含有率を有する、そして直径D50が80μmの値を有し、直径D90が150μmの値を有するような粒度分布を有する、アンモニア−ソーダプラントからの粗重炭酸塩の粒子を、30℃で空気下に処理する。
実施例1のものに類似の化学組成を有する、直径D50が80μmの値を有し、直径D90が150μmの値を有するような粒度分布を有する、アンモニア−ソーダプラントからの粗重炭酸塩の粒子を、洗浄液を構成する、水を連続的に供給される回転濾過装置で洗浄する。アンモニアを含む、水溶液を、回転濾過装置から抜き出す。粒子をその後、乾燥機へ導入する。2%未満の含水率を有する、粒子を、選別機付きのハンマーミルにそれ自体入る空気の流れ(7)中へ導入する。重炭酸ナトリウムの粉砕粒子、両方とも粉砕中に粒子から放出された、ガス状アンモニアおよび水蒸気を含む空気の流れを、最後にスリーブフィルターへ導入する。次のもの:一方では、水蒸気およびアンモニアを含む空気の流れ、他方では、表1に示される特性を有する重炭酸ナトリウム粒子をそれから抜き出す。
たった一つ添付図に関連して、下に記載される実施例は、本発明の具体的な実施形態を例示する。
13.7%水を含む炭酸化塔(Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Sodium carbonate,page Vol.33 page 307に記載されるなどの)後の回転フィルターから出てくる、Solvay法からの120kgのアンモニア性重炭酸ナトリウムを、約23℃で一晩ポリエチレンフィルム上で乾燥させて約6%の水の含水率の脱水したアンモニア性重炭酸ナトリウムを得る。脱水したアンモニア性重炭酸ナトリウムを次に、80℃での熱風と共にピンミルUPZ100 Hozokawa Alpineへ導入する。得られた組成物を次に、バグフィルターでガスから分離する。バグフィルターから出るガスの温度は55℃である。得られた組成物は、(重量百分率で):89.8%NaHCO3、7.4%Na2CO3、アルカリ性蒸留法によって測定されるNH4 +として表される0.8%総アンモニア、0.06%水を含む。測定されるレーザーD90は25μmである。
異なるアンモニア含有率を含む、そして実施例3でのように得られる反応性組成物の200グラムの類似の試料(1%未満の水の)を、異なる温度および相対湿度(RH)条件:
− 25℃および40%RH
− 25℃および75%RH
− 50℃および75%RH
で、40分間、1.5±0.5cmの粉末厚さでステンレス鋼板上で気候室において順化させる。
低い粒度の生成物の貯蔵およびロジスティック取扱い中のアンモニア放出を減らすために反応性組成物に関して低い含水率(1重量%未満)および粒度(100μm未満のD90および75μm未満のD50)の重要性を示す、実施例5と類似の試験を実現した。アンモニアSolvay法から得られる粗重炭酸ナトリウムからのバッチ(約0.6%NH4 +を含む)を3ロットに分け、それぞれを、それぞれ12%、5%よりもわずかに上のおよび1%未満の含水率で周囲温度にて部分乾燥させる。
Claims (13)
- 80重量%〜98重量%の重炭酸ナトリウム、1重量%〜20重量%の炭酸ナトリウムおよびアンモニウムイオンNH4 +の形態で表される、0.02重量%〜2.0重量%のアンモニアを含む反応性組成物であって、少なくとも0.01重量%から0.9重量%未満の水を含むことを特徴とし、レーザー回折法によって測定される50μm未満の直径D 90 および35μm未満の直径D 50 を有する粒子の形態である、組成物。
- レーザー回折法によって測定される35μm未満の直径D90および20μm未満の直径D50 、好ましくは30μm未満の直径D90および15μm未満の直径D50を有する粒子の形態である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 1〜12重量%の炭酸ナトリウムを含む、請求項1または2に記載の組成物。
- 2重量%〜12重量%の炭酸ナトリウムを含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 85重量%〜95重量%の重炭酸ナトリウムを含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- アンモニウムイオンNH4 +の形態で表される、0.02重量%〜0.17重量%のアンモニアを含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- アンモニウムイオンNH4 +の形態で表される、0.2重量%〜0.7重量%のアンモニアを含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- アンモニウムイオンNH4 +の形態で表される、0.7重量%超および2.0重量%未満のアンモニアを含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- ゼオライト、ドロマイト、水酸化マグネシウム、(塩基性)炭酸マグネシウム、石灰、炭酸カルシウム、塩化ナトリウム、塩化亜鉛、硫酸ナトリウム、フッ化カルシウム、炭化水素、タルク、亜炭コークス、活性炭素もしくは活性炭、脂肪酸および脂肪酸塩から選択される0.01重量%〜5重量%の添加剤を含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の組成物の製造方法であって:
・ アンモニア−ソーダプラントからの粗重炭酸塩粒子から生じた粒子が、粒子を満載したガス流を形成するために、空気を含む30℃超の温度のガス流中へ導入され;
・ 粒子を満載した前記ガス流が、レーザー回折法によって測定される50μm未満のD90および35μm未満の直径D50 、好ましくは35μm未満の直径D90および20μm未満の直径D50、より好ましくは30μm未満の直径D90および15μm未満の直径D50を有する粉砕粒子を含むガス流を形成するためにミル中へ導入される
方法。 - アンモニア−ソーダプラントからの前記粗重炭酸塩粒子が、前記ガス流中へ導入される前に重量で最大15%、重量で好ましくは最大12%、より好ましくは最大10%、さらに一層好ましくは最大8%の水の含水率を有する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 塩化水素または硫黄酸化物などの、酸性不純物を含む煙道ガスの精製方法であって、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の反応性組成物が、100〜600℃の温度で、前記煙道ガス中へ導入され、前記煙道ガスがその後濾過または除塵にかけられる方法。
- 濾過にかけられた前記煙道ガスが、濾過に引き続き、窒素酸化物の選択的接触還元(SCR DeNOx)にかけられる請求項12に記載の方法。
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