JP6554862B2 - Cooling water filtration method - Google Patents

Cooling water filtration method Download PDF

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JP6554862B2
JP6554862B2 JP2015066980A JP2015066980A JP6554862B2 JP 6554862 B2 JP6554862 B2 JP 6554862B2 JP 2015066980 A JP2015066980 A JP 2015066980A JP 2015066980 A JP2015066980 A JP 2015066980A JP 6554862 B2 JP6554862 B2 JP 6554862B2
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cooling water
water
filter
filtration
tower
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JP2016185517A (en
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武司 兼田
武司 兼田
元己 矢田
元己 矢田
裕介 丸山
裕介 丸山
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Kurita Water Industries Ltd
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Description

本発明は、空調や内陸市場の食品・飲料・製薬工場等における比較的小規模(例えば50〜100RT程度)の開放循環冷却水系のスラッジ、濁質、SS等を除去する濾過器として好適な冷却水用濾過器に関し、特に装置構成が簡易で省エネルギーに適した冷却水用濾過器と、この冷却水用濾過器を用いた冷却水の濾過処理方法に関する。   The present invention is a cooling suitable as a filter for removing sludge, turbidity, SS, etc. of a relatively small (for example, about 50 to 100 RT) open circulating cooling water system in air-conditioning and inland market food, beverage and pharmaceutical factories. The present invention relates to a water filter, and more particularly, to a cooling water filter that has a simple apparatus configuration and is suitable for energy saving, and a cooling water filtering method using the cooling water filter.

冷却塔の下部水槽に貯留された冷却水を濾過処理する濾過器において、濾材を洗浄する方法としては、従来、濾過処理を停止し、濾過器内に設置した撹拌機で濾材を撹拌して洗浄を行い、続いて静置状態にすることによって重い懸濁物(SS)を沈殿させ、排水弁を開いてSSを排出する方法が取られてきた(例えば特許文献1)。   In the filter that filters the cooling water stored in the lower water tank of the cooling tower, as a method of washing the filter medium, conventionally, the filtration process is stopped and the filter medium is stirred and washed with a stirrer installed in the filter Next, a method has been used in which a heavy suspension (SS) is precipitated by allowing the suspension to stand, and the SS is discharged by opening a drain valve (for example, Patent Document 1).

特開平7−218186号公報JP-A-7-218186

従来の濾材の洗浄方法は、撹拌機による撹拌流を利用して濾材を洗浄するため、摩耗によって濾材が劣化し、濾過器の外へ流出してしまうという問題があった。
また、小規模の冷却水系に用いられる冷却塔は比較的小型のものが用いられるため、冷却水系の保有水量もそれほど多くない。従って、このような冷却水を濾過処理するための濾過器も小さくて済む。そのため、濾過器内に撹拌機のように複雑な構造のものを設置するのは容易ではない。
このようなことから、小規模の冷却水系で用いられる小型の濾過器としても好適な、よりコンパクトかつ低コストで省エネルギーに対応した仕組みを採用した冷却水用濾過器が望まれていた。
Since the conventional filter medium cleaning method uses a stirring flow by a stirrer to clean the filter medium, the filter medium deteriorates due to wear and flows out of the filter.
Moreover, since the cooling tower used for a small-scale cooling water system is relatively small, the amount of water held in the cooling water system is not so large. Therefore, the filter for filtering such cooling water can be small. Therefore, it is not easy to install a complicated structure such as a stirrer in the filter.
For this reason, there has been a demand for a cooling water filter that employs a more compact, low-cost and energy-saving mechanism suitable for a small-sized filter used in a small-scale cooling water system.

本発明は、空調や内陸市場の食品・飲料・製薬工場等における比較的小規模(例えば50〜100RT程度)の開放循環冷却水系のスラッジ、濁質、SS等を除去する濾過器として好適な、装置構成が簡易かつコンパクトで低コストであり、省エネルギーに適した冷却水用濾過器と、この冷却水用濾過器を用いた冷却水の濾過処理方法を提供することを課題とする。   The present invention is suitable as a filter for removing sludge, turbidity, SS, etc. of a relatively small scale (for example, about 50 to 100 RT) open circulation cooling water system in air-conditioning and inland market food, beverage, pharmaceutical factories, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cooling water filter that is simple, compact, and low in cost and suitable for energy saving, and a cooling water filtration method using the cooling water filter.

本発明者らは、上記の課題を鑑みて鋭意研究した結果、粒状濾材を袋状物に収容して濾過塔内に装填することにより、また、この濾過器の洗浄に当たり、サイフォン形式で冷却塔の下部水槽内の冷却水を取り込むことにより、上記課題を解決することができることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。   As a result of diligent research in view of the above problems, the present inventors have found that a granular filter medium is accommodated in a bag-like material and loaded into a filtration tower, and when the filter is washed, a siphon type cooling tower is used. The present inventors have found that the above problem can be solved by taking in the cooling water in the lower water tank.

本発明の冷却水用濾過器は、循環冷却水を濾過塔の内部に通水して濾過処理する冷却水用濾過器であって、該濾過器が、該濾過塔の下部に被処理水を取り入れるための流入口と、該濾過塔の上部から処理水を取り出すための流出口を有し、該濾過塔内に、通水性の袋状物に収容された粒状濾材を有することを特徴とする。
前記粒状濾材の嵩比重は0.012〜0.05g/cmであることが好ましい。
前記粒状濾材の粒径は0.5〜3mmであることが好ましい。
前記粒状濾材は発泡ポリスチレンであることが好ましい。
前記粒状濾材が収容された袋状物の空間部の高さは、該袋状物の高さの20〜50%であることが好ましい。
前記濾過塔の側面部の少なくとも一部は透明材料で構成され、該濾過塔の内部が視認可能となっていることが好ましい。
The cooling water filter of the present invention is a cooling water filter that performs filtration by circulating circulating cooling water through the inside of the filtration tower, and the filter supplies treated water to the lower part of the filtration tower. It has an inflow port for taking in and an outflow port for taking out treated water from the upper part of the filtration tower, and has a particulate filter medium accommodated in a water-permeable bag-like material in the filtration tower. .
The granular filter medium preferably has a bulk specific gravity of 0.012 to 0.05 g / cm 3 .
The granular filter medium preferably has a particle size of 0.5 to 3 mm.
The granular filter medium is preferably foamed polystyrene.
It is preferable that the height of the space portion of the bag-like material in which the granular filter medium is accommodated is 20 to 50% of the height of the bag-like material.
It is preferable that at least a part of the side surface of the filtration tower is made of a transparent material so that the inside of the filtration tower is visible.

本発明の冷却水の濾過処理方法は、かかる本発明の冷却水用濾過器を用いた冷却水の濾過処理方法であって、冷却塔の下部水槽内の冷却水を該濾過器に上向流で通水して濾過処理して該下部水槽へ戻すことを特徴とする。
本発明の冷却水の濾過処理方法では、前記濾過器の流出口から濾過処理水を取り出して前記下部水槽へ戻すための戻り配管の先端を該下部水槽内の冷却水中に水没させておき、該濾過器の逆洗が必要な際にサイフォン形式で該下部水槽内の冷却水を該記戻り配管の先端から前記濾過塔内に逆洗水として取り込み、該濾過器の下部に設けられた逆洗排水管から逆洗排水を排出することが好ましい。
この場合において、前記下部水槽内の冷却水水位と前記逆洗排水管の排出部との水頭差は800mm以上であることが好ましい。
The cooling water filtering method of the present invention is a cooling water filtering method using the cooling water filter of the present invention, and the cooling water in the lower water tank of the cooling tower flows upward to the filter. It is characterized by returning to the lower water tank after passing water through and filtering.
In the cooling water filtration method of the present invention, the tip of the return pipe for taking out the filtered water from the outlet of the filter and returning it to the lower water tank is submerged in the cooling water in the lower water tank, When backwashing of the filter is necessary, the cooling water in the lower water tank is taken as backwashing water into the filtration tower from the tip of the return pipe in a siphon form, and backwashing is provided at the bottom of the filter. It is preferable to discharge the backwash waste water from the drain pipe.
In this case, it is preferable that the water head difference between the cooling water level in the lower water tank and the discharge part of the backwash drain pipe is 800 mm or more.

本発明の冷却水用濾過器及び冷却水の濾過処理方法を採用することにより、濾材洗浄のための撹拌機を不要とすることができ、濾過器を低コストかつコンパクトで簡易なものとすることができる。また、サイフォン方式を利用した洗浄(逆洗)を行うことによって、濾材の摩耗、劣化を防止することができ、また、濾材を袋状物に収容することで濾材の流出を防止することができる。さらに、無駄な電力を使用せずに洗浄を行えることから、省エネルギーで低コストな濾過器及び濾過処理方法を提供できる。   By employing the cooling water filter and the cooling water filtration method of the present invention, a stirrer for cleaning the filter medium can be eliminated, and the filter should be low-cost, compact and simple. Can do. Further, by performing washing (back washing) using a siphon system, it is possible to prevent wear and deterioration of the filter medium, and it is possible to prevent the filter medium from flowing out by storing the filter medium in a bag-like material. . Furthermore, since washing can be performed without using wasteful electric power, it is possible to provide an energy saving and low cost filter and filtration method.

本発明の冷却水用濾過器を適用した循環冷却水系の一例を示すフロー図である。It is a flowchart which shows an example of the circulating cooling water system to which the filter for cooling water of this invention is applied. 本発明の冷却水用濾過器の実施の形態の一例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows an example of embodiment of the filter for cooling water of this invention. 本発明の冷却水用濾過器の実施の形態の一例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of embodiment of the filter for cooling water of this invention.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を用いて説明する。
図1は、本発明の冷却水用濾過器を適用した循環冷却水系の一例を示すフロー図である。
図1において、1は冷却塔、2は循環ポンプ、3は熱交換器であり、循環水路4により連結して循環冷却水系を構成している。冷却塔1では、散水管1aから散水された冷却水が充填材層1bを流下する間にルーバ1cから導入される空気と接触して冷却されて、下部水槽(ピット)1dに貯留され、蒸気を含む空気はファン1fにより大気中に排気される。
冷却塔1は架台8上に設置されている。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of a circulating cooling water system to which the cooling water filter of the present invention is applied.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a cooling tower, 2 is a circulation pump, and 3 is a heat exchanger, which are connected by a circulation water channel 4 to constitute a circulation cooling water system. In the cooling tower 1, the cooling water sprayed from the sprinkling pipe 1a is cooled in contact with the air introduced from the louver 1c while flowing down the filler layer 1b, and is stored in the lower water tank (pit) 1d. The air containing is exhausted into the atmosphere by the fan 1f.
The cooling tower 1 is installed on a gantry 8.

この循環冷却水系においては、循環ポンプ2を駆動して冷却塔1の下部水槽1dから冷却水を熱交換器3に供給して負荷の冷却を行う。熱交換器3において高温となった冷却水は、冷却塔1において一部が蒸発することにより冷却されて下部水槽1dに流下し、再び循環する。冷却水の蒸発飛散による損失分を補うため補給水路5からボールタップ6を介して補給水が供給され、下部水槽1dの水位を一定に保つ。   In this circulating cooling water system, the circulating pump 2 is driven to supply cooling water from the lower water tank 1d of the cooling tower 1 to the heat exchanger 3 to cool the load. The cooling water having a high temperature in the heat exchanger 3 is cooled by partially evaporating in the cooling tower 1, flows down into the lower water tank 1d, and circulates again. In order to compensate for the loss due to the evaporation and scattering of the cooling water, the makeup water is supplied from the makeup water channel 5 through the ball tap 6 to keep the water level of the lower water tank 1d constant.

冷却塔1では冷却水の一部が蒸発することにより循環冷却水は濃縮されて、塩分濃度が上昇する。また大気中からゴミ等の異物が混入したり、循環冷却水系のスケールやスライムが剥離して混入したりすることで、循環冷却水系には濁質が含まれるようになる。このような循環冷却水中の濁質を濾過器20で濾過して除去する。   In the cooling tower 1, the circulating cooling water is concentrated by evaporating a part of the cooling water, and the salinity concentration is increased. Further, foreign matters such as dust are mixed in from the atmosphere, and scales and slimes of the circulating cooling water system are peeled off and mixed, so that the circulating cooling water system contains turbidity. Such turbidity in the circulating cooling water is removed by filtering with the filter 20.

冷却塔1の下部水槽1d内に貯留された冷却水は、下部水槽1dと濾過器20との間を濾過器20への供給配管12と濾過器20から出た濾過処理水の戻り配管15とで循環するように接続されている。供給配管12の一端には水中ポンプ11が設けられており、下部水槽1d内の冷却水を供給配管12及び三方弁14を介して濾過器20へ供給するようになっている。戻り配管15の一端15eは下部水槽1d内の冷却水中に水没した状態となっている。   The cooling water stored in the lower water tank 1d of the cooling tower 1 includes a supply pipe 12 to the filter 20 between the lower water tank 1d and the filter 20, and a return pipe 15 of filtered water discharged from the filter 20. Connected to circulate in. A submersible pump 11 is provided at one end of the supply pipe 12, and the cooling water in the lower water tank 1 d is supplied to the filter 20 through the supply pipe 12 and the three-way valve 14. One end 15e of the return pipe 15 is submerged in the cooling water in the lower water tank 1d.

三方弁14には、供給配管12、流入口22、逆洗排水管19が接続されている。供給配管12と逆洗排水管19には開度を調節できる弁(例えば、ボールバルブ)13,18が設けられている。供給配管12に設けられた開度調節弁13の手前には、分岐配管17が接続されている。この分岐配管17の他端17eは冷却塔1の下部水槽1dの上部に位置するように設置されている。この分岐配管17の途中に開度調節弁16が設けられている。   A supply pipe 12, an inlet 22, and a backwash drain pipe 19 are connected to the three-way valve 14. The supply pipe 12 and the backwash drain pipe 19 are provided with valves (for example, ball valves) 13 and 18 whose opening degree can be adjusted. A branch pipe 17 is connected in front of the opening degree adjusting valve 13 provided in the supply pipe 12. The other end 17 e of the branch pipe 17 is installed so as to be positioned above the lower water tank 1 d of the cooling tower 1. An opening degree adjusting valve 16 is provided in the middle of the branch pipe 17.

三方弁14を切り替えることにより、濾過処理時は冷却塔下部1の水槽1d内の冷却水を供給配管12を通じて濾過器20内に導入し、濾過処理を行い、逆洗排水管19には冷却水が通じないようになっている。また、濾材の逆洗時には三方弁14の切り替えにより、濾過器20と逆洗排水管19とが通じるようになり、供給配管12とは通じないようになる。   By switching the three-way valve 14, during the filtration process, the cooling water in the water tank 1 d at the cooling tower lower part 1 is introduced into the filter 20 through the supply pipe 12, the filtration process is performed, and the backwash drain pipe 19 has a cooling water. Is not connected. In addition, when the filter medium is backwashed, the filter 20 and the backwash drain pipe 19 are communicated with each other by switching the three-way valve 14, and the supply pipe 12 is not communicated.

次に濾過器20の構成について図2,3を参照して説明する。
濾過器20の円筒状ケーシング(濾過塔)21の下部には、冷却塔1の下部水槽1dに貯留された冷却水が被処理水として送水されて取り入れるための流入口22が設けられている。ケーシング21の上部には濾過処理水を取り出すための流出口23が設けられている。流入口22及び流出口23にはそれぞれパンチングプレート24,25が設置されている。ケーシング21内には、軽比重の粒状濾材26を収容した通水性の袋状物27が配置されている。粒状濾材26は、軽比重であるため、袋状物27は濾過器20内の上部に浮上状態にて配置されている。
Next, the configuration of the filter 20 will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the lower part of the cylindrical casing (filter tower) 21 of the filter 20, an inlet 22 is provided for the cooling water stored in the lower water tank 1 d of the cooling tower 1 to be fed as water to be treated. An outlet 23 for taking out the filtered water is provided at the upper part of the casing 21. Punching plates 24 and 25 are installed at the inlet 22 and the outlet 23, respectively. In the casing 21, a water-permeable bag 27 containing a granular filter medium 26 having a light specific gravity is disposed. Since the granular filter medium 26 has a light specific gravity, the bag-like object 27 is arranged in a floating state in the upper part of the filter 20.

被処理水である冷却水は、流入口22から濾過器20内に取り込まれ、濾材26で濾過処理されて流出口23から処理水として取り出される。また、逆洗時には流出口23から洗浄水(冷却水)が流入し、濾材26を逆洗した後、流入口22から逆洗排水が流出する仕組みとなっている。   Cooling water, which is water to be treated, is taken into the filter 20 from the inlet 22, filtered by the filter medium 26, and taken out as treated water from the outlet 23. Further, at the time of backwashing, washing water (cooling water) flows from the outlet 23, and after the filter medium 26 is backwashed, the backwash drainage flows out from the inlet 22.

袋状物27は、水は通すが粒状濾材26は通さない大きさの目が開いた材料で形成されており、また、ケーシング21の内径と同じ大きさと形状を有している。このようにケーシング21と同じ大きさ及び形状の袋状物27を使用することにより、ケーシング21の内周面と袋状物27とを密着させ、隙間から被処理水(冷却水)がすり抜けることを防止し、濾過効率を高くすることができる。   The bag-like material 27 is formed of an open material having a size that allows water to pass but not the granular filter material 26, and has the same size and shape as the inner diameter of the casing 21. Thus, by using the bag-like object 27 having the same size and shape as the casing 21, the inner peripheral surface of the casing 21 and the bag-like object 27 are brought into close contact with each other, and the water to be treated (cooling water) slips through the gap. Can be prevented and the filtration efficiency can be increased.

この袋状物27に収容される粒状濾材26の嵩比重は、0.012〜0.05g/cmであることが好ましく、0.02〜0.04g/cmであることがより好ましい。このような嵩比重の粒状濾材26を使用することにより、濾過処理時の濾材26による濾過効率が良く、また逆洗時には適度に濾材26が展開されることによって濾材26の洗浄効率が良くなる。 Bulk specific gravity of the granular filter materials 26 to the accommodated in a bag-like object 27 is preferably 0.012~0.05g / cm 3, more preferably 0.02~0.04g / cm 3. By using the granular filter medium 26 having such a bulk specific gravity, the filtration efficiency by the filter medium 26 at the time of filtration treatment is good, and the filter medium 26 is appropriately developed at the time of backwashing, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency of the filter medium 26.

袋状物27内の粒状濾材26の収容量は、逆洗時に粒状濾材26が効率良く洗浄されるように、袋状物27に展開できるスペースを形成するために、袋状物27の容積の半分以下とすることが好ましい。具体的には、粒状濾材26を入れた袋状物27の空間部の高さが、袋状物27の高さの20〜50%であることが好ましく、30〜40%であることがより好ましい(以下、袋状物の高さに対する袋状物の空間部の高さの割合を「空間部率」と称す。)。空間部率が20%より小さいと逆洗時の粒状濾材26の展開率が悪くなり、効率良く濾材26の洗浄が行えず、50%より大きいと濾材26の量が不足する場合があり、効率良く濾過処理を行うことができなくなる虞がある。   The capacity of the granular filter medium 26 in the bag 27 is such that the volume of the bag 27 is formed so as to form a space that can be developed in the bag 27 so that the granular filter 26 is efficiently washed during backwashing. It is preferable to make it half or less. Specifically, the height of the space portion of the bag-like material 27 containing the granular filter medium 26 is preferably 20 to 50% of the height of the bag-like material 27, and more preferably 30 to 40%. It is preferable (hereinafter, the ratio of the height of the space portion of the bag-like material to the height of the bag-like material is referred to as “space portion ratio”). If the space ratio is less than 20%, the development rate of the granular filter medium 26 at the time of backwashing deteriorates, and the filter medium 26 cannot be efficiently washed. If it exceeds 50%, the amount of the filter medium 26 may be insufficient. There is a possibility that the filtration process cannot be performed well.

粒状濾材26を入れる袋状物27はケーシング21内の容積と同じにすることも可能であるが、逆洗時に袋状物27がケーシング21内を上下に移動できるようにする方が、粒状濾材26が適度に展開するのと相まって効率の良い濾材26の洗浄が行えるため、好ましい。
このため、例えば、袋状物27は、直径については、ケーシング21の内径とほぼ同等で、高さはケーシング21の筒状部の高さの1/2〜2/3程度の高さであることが好ましい。
The bag-like material 27 into which the granular filter medium 26 is placed can have the same volume as the inside of the casing 21. However, it is preferable to allow the bag-like material 27 to move up and down in the casing 21 during backwashing. It is preferable because the filter medium 26 can be efficiently washed in combination with the moderate expansion of the H. 26.
For this reason, for example, the bag-like object 27 is approximately the same in diameter as the inner diameter of the casing 21, and the height is about 1/2 to 2/3 of the height of the cylindrical portion of the casing 21. It is preferable.

本発明で使用する粒状濾材26の粒径(平均粒径)は、0.5〜3mmであることが好ましく、1〜1.5mmであることがより好ましい。粒径が0.5mmより小さいと濾過処理時の圧損が生じやすくなるとともに、取り扱い難くなる。また、粒径が3mmより大きいと被処理水との接触効率が悪くなり、効率良く濾過処理を行うことができなくなる虞がある。   The particle size (average particle size) of the particulate filter medium 26 used in the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 3 mm, and more preferably 1 to 1.5 mm. If the particle size is smaller than 0.5 mm, pressure loss during the filtration process is likely to occur, and handling becomes difficult. On the other hand, if the particle size is larger than 3 mm, the contact efficiency with the water to be treated is deteriorated, and there is a possibility that the filtration treatment cannot be performed efficiently.

粒状濾材26の材質としては、上記の条件を満たすような材料で濾過処理と逆洗処理を行っても劣化や摩耗しにくいものであれば良く、特に制限はないが、発泡ポリスチレンを使用するのが好適である。   The material of the particulate filter medium 26 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that satisfies the above-described conditions and is resistant to deterioration or wear even if the filtration process and the backwash process are performed. Is preferred.

粒状濾材26を入れる袋状物27の材質としては、耐久性に優れ柔軟性があるものであれば良く、特に制限はないが特にポリプロピレン製の袋状物を好適に使用することができる。   The material of the bag-like material 27 into which the particulate filter medium 26 is placed is not particularly limited as long as it is excellent in durability and has flexibility, and a polypropylene bag-like material can be particularly preferably used.

ケーシング21の流入口22と流出口23にパンチングプレート24,25を設置することによって、濾材26と袋状物27が流出することが防止される。   By installing the punching plates 24 and 25 at the inlet 22 and the outlet 23 of the casing 21, it is possible to prevent the filter medium 26 and the bag 27 from flowing out.

ケーシング21の材質としては、ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)を好適に用いることができ、特にケーシング21の側面部の少なくとも一部を透明PVCとすることで、濾過器20の内部を観察することができるようになり、濾過処理状況及び逆洗時の逆洗効果を視覚的に確認することができるため、好ましい。   As the material of the casing 21, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) can be suitably used. In particular, the inside of the filter 20 can be observed by making at least a part of the side surface of the casing 21 transparent PVC. Thus, it is preferable because the state of filtration treatment and the backwashing effect during backwashing can be visually confirmed.

この実施の形態では、ケーシング21は、透明PVC製の円筒体21aと、該円筒体21aの上部及び下部にそれぞれ取り付けられたテーパ体21b,21cとで構成されている。
このケーシング21はスタンド30に取り付けられている。スタンド30は、脚部31と、該脚部31から立ち上がるポール32,33とポール32,33の上端同士をつなぐトップ部34と、ポール32,33の上下方向の途中同士に架け渡されたプレート35とを有する。
濾過器20のケーシング21は、筒軸心方向を上下方向にしてプレート36に当てがわれ、U字形バンド部材36によってスタンド30に固定されている。
In this embodiment, the casing 21 includes a cylindrical body 21a made of transparent PVC, and tapered bodies 21b and 21c attached to the upper and lower parts of the cylindrical body 21a, respectively.
The casing 21 is attached to the stand 30. The stand 30 includes a leg 31, poles 32 and 33 rising from the leg 31, a top part 34 that connects the upper ends of the poles 32 and 33, and a plate that extends between the poles 32 and 33 in the vertical direction. 35.
The casing 21 of the filter 20 is applied to the plate 36 with the cylinder axis direction being the vertical direction, and is fixed to the stand 30 by a U-shaped band member 36.

以下に、この濾過器20を用いた冷却水の濾過処理方法の操作手順の一例を示す。   Below, an example of the operation procedure of the filtration process method of the cooling water using this filter 20 is shown.

(1)濾過処理工程
三方弁14を切り替えて冷却塔1の下部水槽1d内の冷却水を濾過器20に導き、冷却塔下部水槽1dの底部に堆積したスラッジ及び冷却水中の濁質やSSを捕捉する。この際、三方弁14手前の供給配管12に設けられた開度調整弁13と、分岐配管17に設けられた開度調整弁16を調整して濾過器20への通水量を、0.3〜1.8m/hr、例えば1m/hr程度に調整する。濾過継続時間は好ましくは15分〜3時間とする。濾過器20内の濾材26で濾過処理された処理水は、戻り配管15を通じて下部水槽1d内の冷却水中に循環される。
(1) Filtration processing step The three-way valve 14 is switched to guide the cooling water in the lower water tank 1d of the cooling tower 1 to the filter 20, and the sludge accumulated in the bottom of the cooling tower lower water tank 1d and turbidity and SS in the cooling water are removed. To capture. At this time, the opening adjustment valve 13 provided in the supply pipe 12 before the three-way valve 14 and the opening adjustment valve 16 provided in the branch pipe 17 are adjusted so that the amount of water flow to the filter 20 is 0.3. It is adjusted to ˜1.8 m 3 / hr, for example, about 1 m 3 / hr. The filtration duration is preferably 15 minutes to 3 hours. The treated water filtered by the filter medium 26 in the filter 20 is circulated through the return pipe 15 into the cooling water in the lower water tank 1d.

供給配管12から分岐した分岐配管17の先端17eは、下部水槽1d内の水面よりも上方に配置させるのが好ましい。このように構成すると、分岐配管17の先端17eから流出した水が落下することによって下部水槽1d内の水が撹拌され、下部水槽1d内のスラッジ、濁質及びSS成分が巻き上げられ、効率よく水中ポンプ11で吸い込ませて供給配管12に送水されるようになる。   The tip 17e of the branch pipe 17 branched from the supply pipe 12 is preferably arranged above the water surface in the lower water tank 1d. If comprised in this way, the water which flowed out from the front-end | tip 17e of the branch piping 17 will fall, the water in the lower tank 1d will be stirred, the sludge, turbidity, and SS component in the lower tank 1d will be rolled up, and it will be efficiently submerged in water. The water is sucked by the pump 11 and fed to the supply pipe 12.

(2)逆洗工程
タイマー設定により、前記濾過処理後、三方弁14を切り替えるとともに水中ポンプ11をOFFにする。サイフォン作用により、下部水槽1d内の冷却水が戻り配管15を経由して濾過器20内に導入され、粒状濾材26が洗浄される。粒状濾材26は逆洗水によって袋状物27内で展開され、濾材26に捕捉された汚れが逆洗排水管19から排出される。逆洗流量を調整するために逆洗排水管19に設けた開度調整弁18の開度を調整する。
(2) Backwashing step By the timer setting, after the filtration process, the three-way valve 14 is switched and the submersible pump 11 is turned off. By the siphon action, the cooling water in the lower water tank 1d is introduced into the filter 20 via the return pipe 15, and the granular filter medium 26 is washed. The particulate filter medium 26 is developed in the bag 27 by backwash water, and the dirt trapped in the filter medium 26 is discharged from the backwash drain pipe 19. In order to adjust the backwash flow rate, the opening degree of the opening degree adjustment valve 18 provided in the backwash drain pipe 19 is adjusted.

逆洗時間は、概ね濾過処理工程15分〜3時間に対して逆洗工程15秒〜2分とするのが良い。十分な逆洗効果を得るためには、逆洗工程1回当たりの逆洗水量は15L/min以上、例えば15〜25L/minとするのが好ましい。そのため、冷却塔下部水槽1d内の冷却水水位と逆洗排水管19の排水先の水頭差ΔHは800mm以上、例えば800〜1,200mmであることが好ましい。   The backwashing time is preferably about 15 seconds to 2 minutes for the backwashing process with respect to 15 minutes to 3 hours for the filtration process. In order to obtain a sufficient backwashing effect, the amount of backwashing water per backwashing process is preferably 15 L / min or more, for example, 15 to 25 L / min. Therefore, the water head difference ΔH between the cooling water level in the cooling tower lower water tank 1d and the drainage destination of the backwash drain pipe 19 is preferably 800 mm or more, for example, 800 to 1,200 mm.

逆洗時には、逆洗効果を高めるために粒状濾材26が通水性の袋状物27の中で十分に展開される必要がある。そのため、前述の通り、粒状濾材26を入れた袋状物27の空間部の高さが、袋状物27の高さの20〜50%であることが好ましく、30〜40%であることが好ましい。   At the time of backwashing, the granular filter medium 26 needs to be sufficiently developed in the water-permeable bag 27 in order to enhance the backwashing effect. Therefore, as described above, the height of the space portion of the bag-like material 27 containing the granular filter medium 26 is preferably 20 to 50%, and preferably 30 to 40% of the height of the bag-like material 27. preferable.

この逆洗方法は、サイフォン方式を採用しているため、濾過処理水の戻り配管15の先端15eが冷却塔下部水槽1dの冷却水中に水没している必要がある。また、逆洗排水管19の先端19eは、逆洗排水がそのまま排水槽に入るようになっていれば大気中にあっても排水タンク中の排水中に水没させても良いが、冷却塔下部水槽1d内の冷却水水位と逆洗排水管19の排水先の水頭差ΔHを一定に保つためには、逆洗排水管19の先端19eを排水溝の排水W中に水没させた方が水頭差ΔHが安定するため好ましい。   Since this backwashing method employs a siphon system, the tip 15e of the return pipe 15 of the filtered water needs to be submerged in the cooling water of the cooling tower lower water tank 1d. The tip 19e of the backwash drain pipe 19 may be submerged in the drainage of the drainage tank or in the air if the backwash drainage enters the drainage tank as it is. In order to keep the cooling water level in the water tank 1d and the head difference ΔH of the drainage destination of the backwash drain pipe 19 constant, it is better to submerge the tip 19e of the backwash drain pipe 19 in the drainage W of the drain. This is preferable because the difference ΔH is stable.

逆洗終了後は、三方弁14を切り替えるとともに水中ポンプ11をONとし、濾過処理工程に移行する。   After the backwashing is completed, the three-way valve 14 is switched and the submersible pump 11 is turned on, and the process proceeds to the filtration process.

本発明は、比較的小規模の冷却水系に適用するのが好ましく、空調や内陸市場の食品・飲料・製薬工場等における、概ね50RT〜100RT程度の比較的小規模な開放循環冷却水系において好適に使用される。   The present invention is preferably applied to a relatively small-scale cooling water system, and is suitably used in a relatively small open circulation cooling water system of about 50 RT to 100 RT in air-conditioning and inland food, beverage and pharmaceutical factories. used.

以下に実施例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.

以下の実施例は、図2,3に示す冷却水用濾過器を用いて試験を行った。この濾過器の仕様は次の通りである。
[濾過器仕様]
ケーシング:PVC製、内径100mm、筒状部高さ460mm
袋状物:ポリプロピレン製、直径100mm、高さ230mmの円筒形状
粒状濾材:発泡ポリスチレン製
粒径(平均粒径)1.1mm
嵩比重0.03g/cm
充填高さ150mm(袋状物内の空間部の高さ80mm、空間部率35%)
濾材表面積0.009m
The following examples were tested using the cooling water filter shown in FIGS. The specifications of this filter are as follows.
[Filter specifications]
Casing: Made of PVC, inner diameter 100 mm, cylindrical part height 460 mm
Bag-like material: made of polypropylene, cylindrical shape with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 230 mm Granular filter medium: made of expanded polystyrene
Particle size (average particle size) 1.1mm
Bulk specific gravity 0.03 g / cm 3
Filling height 150mm (space part height 80mm, space part rate 35%)
Filter medium surface area 0.009m 2

[実施例1]
<対象水系>
食品工場の開放循環冷却水系
<実施条件>
冷却塔能力:78RT(角型冷却塔)
保有水量:約4m
濾過器への通水量:1m/hr
冷却塔下部水槽の水位と逆洗排水先の水頭差ΔH:1,000mm
逆洗水量:20L/min
[Example 1]
<Target water system>
Open circulation cooling water system of food factory
Cooling tower capacity: 78RT (Square cooling tower)
Retained water volume: about 4m 3
Water flow rate to the filter: 1 m 3 / hr
Difference in water level between the water level in the lower cooling tank and the backwash drainage ΔH: 1,000 mm
Backwash water amount: 20 L / min

<試験方法>
上記仕様の濾過器を用いて、1時間、2時間、3時間と冷却水の濾過時間を変化させて濾過処理を行い、それぞれ、濾過処理後の冷却塔下部水槽内の冷却水の濁度とSS濃度を測定した。
また、各時間の濾過処理後に、濾材の逆洗を2分間行い、逆洗排水管から排出された逆洗排水の濁度とSS濃度を測定した。
<Test method>
Using the filter of the above specification, the filtration process is performed by changing the cooling time of the cooling water for 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, and the turbidity of the cooling water in the cooling tank lower water tank after the filtration process, respectively. The SS concentration was measured.
Further, after the filtration treatment for each time, the filter medium was backwashed for 2 minutes, and the turbidity and SS concentration of the backwash drainage discharged from the backwash drain pipe were measured.

<試験結果>
各濾過時間毎の冷却水と逆洗排水の濁度及びSS濃度の測定結果を表1に示す。
<Test results>
Table 1 shows the measurement results of the turbidity and SS concentration of the cooling water and backwash drainage for each filtration time.

Figure 0006554862
Figure 0006554862

冷却水中の濁度及びSS濃度には変化がないものの、逆洗排水中の濁度及びSS濃度は、濾過時間が長くなると高くなる傾向が見られ、濾過処理により、冷却塔下部水槽内の濁度及びSSが濾過器に捕捉除去され、かつ逆洗によりこれらが洗浄除去されていることが確認された。   Although there is no change in the turbidity and SS concentration in the cooling water, the turbidity and SS concentration in the backwash wastewater tend to increase as the filtration time becomes longer. It was confirmed that the temperature and SS were trapped and removed by the filter, and they were washed and removed by backwashing.

[実施例2]
<対象水系>
医療機器工場の開放循環冷却水系
<実施条件>
冷却塔能力:60RT(角型冷却塔)
保有水量:約0.5m
濾過器への通水量:1m/hr
冷却塔下部水槽の水位と逆洗排水先の水頭差ΔH:800mm
逆洗水量:15L/min
[Example 2]
<Target water system>
Open circulation cooling water system of medical equipment factory <Conditions for implementation>
Cooling tower capacity: 60RT (Square cooling tower)
Retained water volume: Approximately 0.5m 3
Water flow rate to the filter: 1 m 3 / hr
Difference in water level between the water level in the cooling tank lower tank and the backwash drainage ΔH: 800 mm
Backwash water amount: 15 L / min

<試験方法>
上記仕様の濾過器を用いて、1時間、3時間と冷却水の濾過時間を変化させて濾過処理を行い、それぞれ、濾過処理後の冷却塔下部水槽内の冷却水の濁度とSS濃度を測定した。
また、各時間の濾過処理後に、濾材の逆洗を2分間行い、逆洗排水管から排出された逆洗排水の濁度とSS濃度を測定した。
<Test method>
Using the filter of the above specification, the filtration process is performed by changing the filtration time of the cooling water for 1 hour and 3 hours, and the turbidity and SS concentration of the cooling water in the cooling tank lower water tank after the filtration process are respectively determined. It was measured.
Further, after the filtration treatment for each time, the filter medium was backwashed for 2 minutes, and the turbidity and SS concentration of the backwash drainage discharged from the backwash drain pipe were measured.

<試験結果>
各濾過時間毎の冷却水と逆洗排水の濁度及びSS濃度の測定結果を表2に示す。
<Test results>
Table 2 shows the measurement results of the turbidity and SS concentration of the cooling water and backwash waste water for each filtration time.

Figure 0006554862
Figure 0006554862

冷却水の濁度及びSS濃度は、濾過時間が長くなるほど、いずれの値も低くなる傾向が見られた。また、逆洗排水中の濁度は濾過処理時間が長いほど高くなる傾向が見られた。一方、逆洗排水中のSS濃度は、濾過時間が長くなっても高くなる傾向が見られなかった。この理由としては、冷却水中に含まれる汚れ成分が、スラッジ等の沈降性の高いものよりも水中に浮遊している濁度成分が多かったためと考えられる。
この実施例2においても、十分に冷却水中の汚れ成分が濾過器に捕捉除去され、かつ逆洗によりこれらが洗浄除去されていることが確認された。
The turbidity and SS concentration of the cooling water tended to be lower as the filtration time was longer. Moreover, the tendency for the turbidity in backwash wastewater to become high was shown, so that filtration processing time was long. On the other hand, the SS concentration in the backwash wastewater did not tend to increase even when the filtration time was increased. The reason for this is considered that the dirt component contained in the cooling water has more turbidity components floating in the water than those having high sedimentation properties such as sludge.
Also in Example 2, it was confirmed that dirt components in the cooling water were sufficiently captured and removed by the filter, and that these were washed away by backwashing.

1 冷却塔
3 熱交換器
20 濾過器
21 円筒状ケーシング
22 流入口
23 流出口
26 粒状濾材
27 袋状物
30 スタンド
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cooling tower 3 Heat exchanger 20 Filter 21 Cylindrical casing 22 Inlet 23 Outlet 26 Granular filter medium 27 Bag-like material 30 Stand

Claims (7)

冷却水を濾過塔の内部に通水して濾過処理する冷却水用濾過器であって、該濾過器が、該濾過塔の下部に被処理水を取り入れるための流入口と、該濾過塔の上部から処理水を取り出すための流出口を有し、該濾過塔内に、通水性の袋状物に収容された粒状濾材を有する冷却水用濾過器を用いて、冷却塔の下部水槽内の冷却水を該濾過器に上向流で通水して濾過処理して該下部水槽へ戻す冷却水の濾過処理方法であって、
前記濾過器の流出口から濾過処理水を取り出して前記下部水槽へ戻すための戻り配管の先端を該下部水槽内の冷却水中に水没させておき、該濾過器の逆洗が必要な際にサイフォン形式で該下部水槽内の冷却水を該戻り配管の先端から前記濾過塔内に逆洗水として取り込み、該濾過器の下部に設けられた逆洗排水管から逆洗排水を排出するようにしたことを特徴とする冷却水の濾過処理方法。
A cooling water filter that performs filtration treatment by passing cooling water through the inside of the filtration tower, wherein the filter includes an inlet for taking water to be treated into a lower portion of the filtration tower, An outlet for removing treated water from the upper part , and using a cooling water filter having a granular filter medium contained in a water-permeable bag-like material in the filtration tower, in the lower water tank of the cooling tower A cooling water filtration method in which cooling water is passed through the filter in an upward flow to be filtered and returned to the lower water tank,
The tip of the return pipe for taking out the filtered water from the outlet of the filter and returning it to the lower water tank is submerged in the cooling water in the lower water tank, and siphon when the filter needs to be backwashed The cooling water in the lower water tank is taken as backwash water into the filter tower from the tip of the return pipe in a form, and the backwash drainage is discharged from the backwash drain pipe provided at the lower part of the filter. A cooling water filtration method characterized by the above.
前記粒状濾材の嵩比重が0.012〜0.05g/cmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の冷却水の濾過処理方法2. The cooling water filtration method according to claim 1, wherein a bulk specific gravity of the granular filter medium is 0.012 to 0.05 g / cm 3 . 前記粒状濾材の粒径が0.5〜3mmであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の冷却水の濾過処理方法The cooling water filtration method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the granular filter medium has a particle size of 0.5 to 3 mm. 前記粒状濾材が発泡ポリスチレンであることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の冷却水の濾過処理方法The said granular filter medium is a foamed polystyrene, The filtration processing method of the cooling water in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記粒状濾材が収容された袋状物の空間部の高さが、該袋状物の高さの20〜50%であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の冷却水の濾過処理方法The cooling water according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the height of the space portion of the bag-like material in which the granular filter medium is accommodated is 20 to 50% of the height of the bag-like material. Filtration treatment method . 前記濾過塔の側面部の少なくとも一部が透明材料で構成されており、該濾過塔の内部が視認可能となっていることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の冷却水の濾過処理方法The cooling water according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least a part of a side surface portion of the filtration tower is made of a transparent material, and the inside of the filtration tower is visible . Filtration treatment method . 記下部水槽内の冷却水水位と前記逆洗排水管の排出部との水頭差が800mm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の冷却水の濾過処理方法。 Filtration method of the coolant according to claim 1, wherein the water head difference between the ejection portion of the front Symbol the backwash drain pipe and the cooling water level in the lower water tank is 800mm or more.
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