JP6540876B2 - 電池用包装材料、電池、及び電池用包装材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
電池用包装材料、電池、及び電池用包装材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6540876B2 JP6540876B2 JP2018500226A JP2018500226A JP6540876B2 JP 6540876 B2 JP6540876 B2 JP 6540876B2 JP 2018500226 A JP2018500226 A JP 2018500226A JP 2018500226 A JP2018500226 A JP 2018500226A JP 6540876 B2 JP6540876 B2 JP 6540876B2
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Description
このような状況下、本発明は、表面の耐電解液性及びインキの印刷特性に優れた電池用包装材料を提供することを主な目的とする。さらに、本発明は、当該電池用包装材料の製造方法、及び当該電池用包装材料用いた電池を提供することも目的とする。
項1. 少なくとも、保護層と、基材層と、バリア層と、熱融着性樹脂層とをこの順に有する積層体からなり、
前記保護層の最表面側からフーリエ変換赤外線分光分析法の減衰全反射で測定した場合に、赤外線の波数が2800cm−1から3000cm−1の範囲に検出される吸光度の最大値Aと、2200cm−1から2300cm−1の範囲に検出される吸光度の最大値Bとが、0.05≦B/A≦0.75の関係を充足している、電池用包装材料。
項2. 前記保護層が、イソシアネート基を有する化合物を含む、項1に記載の電池用包装材料。
項3. 前記保護層が、水酸基を有する基を側鎖に有するポリエステルポリオール及びアクリルポリオールからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種のポリオールと、イソシアネート基を有する化合物とにより形成されたウレタン樹脂を含む、項1又は2に記載の電池用包装材料。
項4. 前記保護層の表面の少なくとも一部に、インキを印刷して使用される、項1〜3のいずれかに記載の電池用包装材料。
項5. 前記保護層の表面の少なくとも一部に、インキから構成される情報担持部を備える、項1〜4のいずれかに記載の電池用包装材料。
項6. 前記基材層と前記バリア層との間に接着層を有する、項1〜5のいずれかに記載の電池用包装材料。
項7. 前記バリア層と前記熱融着性樹脂層との間に接着層を有する、項1〜6のいずれかに記載の電池用包装材料。
項8. 前記バリア層が、アルミニウム箔である、項1〜7のいずれかに記載の電池用包装材料。
項9. 少なくとも正極、負極、及び電解質を備えた電池素子が、項1〜8のいずれかに記載の電池用包装材料により形成された包装体中に収容されている、電池。
項10. 少なくとも、保護層と、基材層と、バリア層と、熱融着性樹脂層とを積層して積層体を得る積層工程と、
前記保護層を硬化させる硬化工程と、
を備えており、
前記硬化工程において、前記保護層の最表面側からフーリエ変換赤外線分光分析法の減衰全反射で測定した場合に、赤外線の波数が2800cm−1から3000cm−1の範囲に検出される吸光度の最大値Aと、赤外線の波数が2200cm−1から2300cm−1の範囲に検出される吸光度の最大値Bとが、0.05≦B/A≦0.75の関係を充足するように、保護層を硬化させる、電池用包装材料の製造方法。
本発明の電池用包装材料は、図1に示すように、少なくとも、保護層6、基材層1、バリア層3、及び熱融着性樹脂層4をこの順に有する積層体からなる。本発明の電池用包装材料において、保護層6が最外層になり、熱融着性樹脂層4は最内層になる。即ち、電池の組み立て時に、電池素子の周縁に位置する熱融着性樹脂層4同士が熱溶着して電池素子を密封することにより、電池素子が封止される。
[保護層6]
本発明の電池用包装材料においては、耐電解液性及びインキの印刷特性の向上などを目的として、保護層6が設けられている。保護層6は、電池を組み立てた時に、最外層(熱融着性樹脂層とは反対側)に位置する層である。
プリズム:ゲルマニウム
波数分解能:4cm−1
積算回数:32回
吸光度の最大値A:波数2750〜3100cm−1間を直線で結んでベースラインをとり、ベースラインと波数2800〜3000cm−1の範囲における吸光度の最大値までの強度
吸光度の最大値B:波数2000〜2500cm−1間を直線で結んでベースラインをとり、ベースラインと波数2200〜2300cm−1の範囲における吸光度の最大値までの強度
本発明の電池用包装材料において、基材層1は、保護層6とバリア層3との間に位置する層である。
本発明の電池用包装材料において、接着層2は、基材層1とバリア層3とを接着させるために、必要に応じて設けられる層である。
電池用包装材料において、バリア層3は、電池用包装材料の強度向上の他、電池内部に水蒸気、酸素、光などが侵入することを防止する機能を有する層である。バリア層3を構成する金属としては、具体的には、アルミニウム、ステンレス、チタンなどが挙げられ、好ましくはアルミニウムが挙げられる。バリア層3は、例えば、金属箔や金属蒸着膜、無機酸化物蒸着膜、炭素含有無機酸化物蒸着膜、これらの蒸着膜を設けたフィルムなどにより形成することができ、金属箔により形成することが好ましく、アルミニウム合金箔により形成することがさらに好ましい。電池用包装材料の製造時に、バリア層3にしわやピンホールが発生することを防止する観点からは、バリア層は、例えば、焼きなまし処理済みのアルミニウム(JIS H4160:1994 A8021H−O、JIS H4160:1994 A8079H−O、JIS H4000:2014 A8021P−O、JIS H4000:2014 A8079P−O)など軟質アルミニウム合金箔により形成することがより好ましい。
本発明の電池用包装材料において、熱融着性樹脂層4は、最内層に該当し、電池の組み立て時に熱融着性樹脂層同士が熱溶着して電池素子を密封する層である。
本発明の電池用包装材料において、接着層5は、バリア層3と熱融着性樹脂層4を強固に接着させるために、これらの間に必要に応じて設けられる層である。
本発明の電池用包装材料の製造方法については、所定の組成の各層を積層させた積層体が得られる限り、特に制限されない。すなわち、本発明の電池用包装材料は、少なくとも、保護層と、基材層と、バリア層と、熱融着性樹脂層とを積層して積層体を得る積層工程と、保護層を硬化させる硬化工程とを備えており、硬化工程において、保護層の最表面側からフーリエ変換赤外線分光分析法の減衰全反射で測定した場合に、赤外線の波数が2800cm−1から3000cm−1の範囲に検出される吸光度の最大値Aと、赤外線の波数が2200cm−1から2300cm−1の範囲に検出される吸光度の最大値Bとが、0.05≦B/A≦0.75の関係を充足するように、保護層を硬化させる方法が例示される。具体的には、例えば次のようにして製造することができる。
本発明の電池用包装材料は、正極、負極、電解質などの電池素子を密封して収容するための包装体とするために使用される。すなわち、本発明の電池用包装材料により形成された包装体中に、電池素子を収容することができる。
<電池用包装材料の製造>
延伸ナイロンフィルム(厚さ25μm)からなる基材層1の上に、両面に化成処理を施したアルミニウム箔(厚さ40μm)からなるバリア層3をドライラミネート法により積層させた。具体的には、アルミニウム箔の一方面に、2液型ウレタン接着剤(ポリオール化合物と芳香族イソシアネート系化合物)を塗布し、バリア層3上に接着層2(厚さ4μm)を形成した。次いで、バリア層3上の接着層2と基材層1を加圧加熱貼合した後、エージング処理を実施することにより、基材層1/接着層2/バリア層3の積層体を調製した。なお、バリア層3として使用したアルミニウム箔の化成処理は、フェノール樹脂、フッ化クロム化合物、及びリン酸からなる処理液をクロムの塗布量が10mg/m2(乾燥重量)となるように、ロールコート法によりアルミニウム箔の両面に塗布し、皮膜温度が180℃以上となる条件で焼付けすることにより行った。
実施例4,5,6においては、保護層6を形成する樹脂組成物中における割合が10質量%となるようにフィラー(平均粒子径1.0μmのシリカ粒子)を加えたこと以外は、それぞれ、実施例1,2,3と同様にして、電池用包装材料を作製した。また、比較例3,4においては、保護層6を形成する樹脂組成物中における割合が10質量%となるようにフィラー(平均粒子径1.0μmのシリカ粒子)を加えたこと以外は、それぞれ、比較例1,2と同様にして、電池用包装材料を作製した。実施例4、5、6及び比較例3、4の電池用包装材料においては、各層を積層した後に、それぞれ、表1に記載の条件でエージングを行った。
Thermo Scientific社製のNicolet380を用いて、上記で得られた電池用包装材料の保護層の最表面側からフーリエ変換赤外線分光分析法の減衰全反射を測定した。得られた測定結果から、赤外線の波数が2800cm−1から3000cm−1の範囲に検出される吸光度の最大値Aと、赤外線の波数が2200cm−1から2300cm−1範囲に検出される吸光度の最大値Bに基づいて、B/Aの値を算出した。結果を表1に示す。なお、本発明における吸光度の最大値は、フーリエ変換赤外線分光分析法の減衰全反射で測定された吸光度の最大値であり、積算回数32回、波数分解能4cm−1として測定したものである。フーリエ変換赤外線分光分析法の減衰全反射の具体的な測定条件は、以下の通りである。
プリズム:ゲルマニウム
波数分解能:4cm−1
積算回数:32回
吸光度の最大値A:波数2750〜3100cm−1間を直線で結んでベースラインをとり、ベースラインと波数2800〜3000cm−1の範囲における吸光度の最大値までの強度
吸光度の最大値B:波数2000〜2500cm−1間を直線で結んでベースラインをとり、ベースラインと波数2200〜2300cm−1の範囲における吸光度の最大値までの強度
上記で得られた電池用包装材料から、幅100mm長さ100mmの大きさの試験片を切り取った。次に、保護層の表面に、電解液(1MのLiPF6と、エチレンカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート及びジメチルカーボネート(容量比1:1:1)の混合液とからなる)を垂らし、24℃、相対湿度50%の環境下で6時間放置した後、エタノールで電解液を拭き取り、表面の変化を観察した。このとき、全く変化が無かったものをA、変色していたものをCとした。結果を表1に示す。
上記で得られた電池用包装材料の保護層の表面にパッド印刷を施して、インキの印刷特性を評価した。パッド印刷機は、ミシマ株式会社製SPACE PAD 6GXを使用した。また、インキは、ナビタス株式会社製のUVインキPJU−A黒色を使用した。保護層の表面に印刷したインキは、アズワン製のハンディーUVランプ SUV−4で紫外線波長:254nmにて10cmの距離からUVを30秒間照射して硬化させた。印刷面の面積は100mm2とした。硬化後の印刷面を光学顕微鏡で観察し、以下の基準に従ってインキの印刷特性を評価した。なお、インキの印刷は、温度24℃、相対湿度50%の環境下に行った。結果を表1に示す。
A:印刷の抜けが印刷柄全体の5%よりも少ない
C:印刷の抜けが印刷柄全体の10%よりも多い
JIS P 8136の規定された方法に準拠して、上記で得られた電池用包装材料の保護層に対して、30ストロークの条件で耐摩耗性試験を行い、目視にて傷の有無を確認した。試験後の保護層に傷がなかった場合はA、傷があったものはCと評価した。結果を表1に示す。
図3,4に示すように、上記で得られた各電池用包装材料10を幅15mm、長さ175mmのサイズで切出し、保護層の表面に、幅5mm、長さ125mmの両面粘着テープ20(TesaSE社製 tesa(登録商標)70415)を貼った。その上から幅15mm、長さ300mmで切出した電池用包装材料の保護層10の表面を重ね、JIS−Z0237:2009 粘着テープ・粘着シート試験方法の10.2.4に記載された圧着装置を用いて電池用包装材料と粘着テープの圧着を行った。なお、温度24℃、相対湿度50%の環境において、圧着装置のローラーの質量は2kg、10mm/secの速度で2往復している。ローラーで圧着して温度24℃、相対湿度50%RHで1時間保管した後、幅15mm、長さ300mmで切出した電池用包装材料を両面粘着テープの端で180°に折返し、上述した電池用包装材料を引張試験機の上下で固定して、180°の剥離角、50mm/minの速度で温度24℃、相対湿度50%の環境で引張試験を行いテープの密着性を評価した。なお、得られた剥離強度は、測定の最初の25mmと最後の20mmを除いた平均値として算出したものであり、以下に示す基準でテープ密着性を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
A: 剥離強度 5N/5mm以上
B: 剥離強度 3N/5mm以上、5N/5mmより小さい
C: 剥離強度 3N/5mmより小さい
2 接着層
3 バリア層
4 熱融着性樹脂層
5 接着層
6 保護層
Claims (10)
- 少なくとも、保護層と、基材層と、バリア層と、熱融着性樹脂層とをこの順に有する積層体からなり、
前記保護層の最表面側からフーリエ変換赤外線分光分析法の減衰全反射で測定した場合に、赤外線の波数が2800cm−1から3000cm−1の範囲に検出される吸光度の最大値Aと、2200cm−1から2300cm−1の範囲に検出される吸光度の最大値Bとが、0.05≦B/A≦0.75の関係を充足している、電池用包装材料。 - 前記保護層が、イソシアネート基を有する化合物を含む、請求項1に記載の電池用包装材料。
- 前記保護層が、水酸基を有する基を側鎖に有するポリエステルポリオール及びアクリルポリオールからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種のポリオールと、イソシアネート基を有する化合物とにより形成されたウレタン樹脂を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の電池用包装材料。
- 前記保護層の表面の少なくとも一部に、インキを印刷して使用される、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の電池用包装材料。
- 前記保護層の表面の少なくとも一部に、インキから構成される情報担持部を備える、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の電池用包装材料。
- 前記基材層と前記バリア層との間に接着層を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の電池用包装材料。
- 前記バリア層と前記熱融着性樹脂層との間に接着層を有する、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の電池用包装材料。
- 前記バリア層が、アルミニウム箔である、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の電池用包装材料。
- 少なくとも正極、負極、及び電解質を備えた電池素子が、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の電池用包装材料により形成された包装体中に収容されている、電池。
- 少なくとも、保護層と、基材層と、バリア層と、熱融着性樹脂層とを積層して積層体を得る積層工程と、
前記保護層を硬化させる硬化工程と、
を備えており、
前記硬化工程において、前記保護層の最表面側からフーリエ変換赤外線分光分析法の減衰全反射で測定した場合に、赤外線の波数が2800cm−1から3000cm−1の範囲に検出される吸光度の最大値Aと、赤外線の波数が2200cm−1から2300cm−1の範囲に検出される吸光度の最大値Bとが、0.05≦B/A≦0.75の関係を充足するように、前記保護層を硬化させる、電池用包装材料の製造方法。
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