JP6535911B1 - Vertical chisel, crushing apparatus and crushing method - Google Patents

Vertical chisel, crushing apparatus and crushing method Download PDF

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JP6535911B1
JP6535911B1 JP2018189692A JP2018189692A JP6535911B1 JP 6535911 B1 JP6535911 B1 JP 6535911B1 JP 2018189692 A JP2018189692 A JP 2018189692A JP 2018189692 A JP2018189692 A JP 2018189692A JP 6535911 B1 JP6535911 B1 JP 6535911B1
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chisel
crushed
wedge
wall surface
shaped chisel
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JP2020059977A (en
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神島 昭男
昭男 神島
充子 神島
充子 神島
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株式会社神島組
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Abstract

【課題】先端部を削孔に押し込むことによって被破砕物に対して多様な方向に亀裂を発生させて被破砕物を効率的に破砕する。
【解決手段】第1当接部は、第1壁面部位に沿って湾曲しながら第1壁面部位に対向して設けられる第1対向面と、第1対向面から第1壁面部位に向けて突設される第1突起部とを有し、軸線方向において互いに異なる複数の軸線方向位置では第1対向面の周方向における第1突起部の突起位置は互いに異なっており、第1方向における第1壁面部位の各部では、第1突起部により押圧される第1壁面部位の周方向における周方向位置は削孔への先端部の押込に対応して変化する。
【選択図】図2
An object of the present invention is to generate a crack in various directions with respect to an object to be crushed by pushing a tip portion into a hole to efficiently break the object to be crushed.
A first contact portion projects from a first opposing surface toward a first wall surface region, and a first opposing surface provided opposite to the first wall surface region while curving along the first wall surface region. At a plurality of axial positions different from each other in the axial direction, the projection positions of the first projections in the circumferential direction of the first opposing surface are different from each other, and the first projection in the first direction is different. At each portion of the wall surface portion, the circumferential position in the circumferential direction of the first wall surface portion pressed by the first projection changes in response to the pressing of the tip end portion into the drilling.
[Selected figure] Figure 2

Description

この発明は、岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの被破砕物に形成される削孔に対して先細り形状を有する楔型チゼルの先端部を押し込んで削孔から被破砕物の自由面に向けて亀裂を発生させて破砕する技術、特に被破砕物の破砕に適した楔型チゼル、ならびに当該楔型チゼルを用いる破砕装置および破砕方法に関するものである。   According to the present invention, the tip portion of a wedge-shaped chisel having a tapered shape is pressed against a hole to be formed in an object to be crushed such as a rock, a rock, a concrete structure, etc. The present invention relates to a technique for generating and breaking a crack, in particular a vertical chisel suitable for crushing an object to be crushed, and a crushing apparatus and a crushing method using the vertical chisel.

岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの被破砕物を破砕するために、楔型チゼルの先端部を削孔に挿入した状態で、削孔が形成される第1方向と平行に楔型チゼルの後端部に打撃または振動を加えながら楔型チゼルを第1方向に押し込んで削孔から被破砕物の自由面に向けて亀裂を発生させて割岩する技術が提案されている(特許文献1〜3等)。   In order to crush an object to be crushed such as rock, rock, concrete structure, etc., with the tip of the vertical chisel inserted in the drilling, the back of the vertical chisel parallel to the first direction in which the drilling is formed There has been proposed a technology for breaking the rock by pushing the wedge-shaped chisel in the first direction while striking or vibrating the end portion to generate a crack from the drilling toward the free surface of the object to be crushed (patent documents 1 to 3) etc).

特許第4636294号Patent No. 4636294 特許第5145503号Patent No. 5145503 特許第5617140号Patent No. 5617140

ところで、上記のように先細り形状の楔型チゼルの先端部が削孔に押し込まれることにより、楔型チゼルに設けられる複数の傾斜面(本願発明の「第1当接部」や「第2当接部」に相当)が削孔の内壁面を径方向外側に押圧する。このとき、いずれの傾斜面についても、傾斜面が削孔の内壁面を押圧する位置(本願発明の「周方向位置」に相当)は楔型チゼルの先端部の押込中においてほぼ一定である。つまり、削孔の内壁面を押圧する方向はほぼ一定である。そのため、被破砕物で発生する亀裂の方向が大きく変化することはない。そこで、従来においては、例えば特許文献1に記載されているように楔型チゼルによる割岩作業を行った後に、当該楔型チゼルを軸線方向まわりに例えば45゜だけ回転させて再度上記した一連の亀裂導入工程を行って別方向に亀裂を発生させて破砕領域を広げている。   By the way, when the tip of the tapered chisel is pushed into the hole as described above, a plurality of inclined surfaces provided on the chisel (the “first contact portion” or the “second (Corresponding to the contact portion) presses the inner wall surface of the drilled hole radially outward. At this time, the position at which the inclined surface presses the inner wall surface of the drilled hole (corresponding to the “circumferential position” in the present invention) is substantially constant during the pressing of the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel. That is, the direction in which the inner wall surface of the drilled hole is pressed is substantially constant. Therefore, the direction of the crack generated in the object to be crushed does not change significantly. Therefore, in the prior art, after performing rock split work with a wedge-shaped chisel as described in, for example, Patent Document 1, the wedge-shaped chisel is rotated by, for example, 45 ° around the axial direction to repeat the series of cracks described above again The introduction step is performed to generate a crack in another direction to widen the fracture region.

このように被破砕物に対して多方向に亀裂を発生させて被破砕物を細かく破砕するためには上記亀裂導入工程を繰り返す必要があり、破砕作業の効率の向上が望まれている。   As described above, in order to generate cracks in multiple directions with respect to the object to be crushed and finely break the object to be crushed, it is necessary to repeat the above-mentioned crack introducing step, and improvement of the efficiency of the crushing operation is desired.

この発明は上記課題に鑑みなされたものであり、先端部を削孔に押し込むことによって被破砕物に対して多様な方向に亀裂を発生させて被破砕物を効率的に破砕することができる楔型チゼルの提供および当該楔型チゼルを用いて破砕作業の効率を高めることができる破砕装置および破砕方法の提供を目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to generate a crack in various directions with respect to an object to be crushed by pushing the tip into a hole to efficiently break the object to be crushed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a type chisel and a crushing apparatus and a crushing method capable of enhancing the efficiency of crushing operation using the wedge type chisel.

この発明の第1の態様は、被破砕物に対して削孔が形成される第1方向と平行な軸線方向に延設されるとともに先端に向かって先細りした先端部を設けた軸体構造を有し、削孔の内壁面のうち被破砕物の自由面側の第1壁面部位に対して先端部の第1当接部を当接させるとともに反自由面側の第2壁面部位に対して先端部の第2当接部を当接させ、かつ軸線まわりに回転させない状態で削孔に先端部が第1方向に沿って押し込まれることで第1当接部および第2当接部により削孔の内壁面を押圧して削孔から被破砕物の自由面に向けて亀裂を発生させる楔型チゼルであって、第1当接部は、第1壁面部位に沿って湾曲しながら第1壁面部位に対向して設けられる第1対向面と、第1対向面から第1壁面部位に向けて突設される第1突起部とを有し、軸線方向において互いに異なる複数の軸線方向位置では第1対向面の周方向における第1突起部の突起位置は互いに異なっており、
第1方向における第1壁面部位の各部では、第1突起部により押圧される第1壁面部位の周方向における周方向位置は削孔への先端部の押込に対応して変化することを特徴としている。
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shaft structure which extends in an axial direction parallel to a first direction in which a hole is formed in an object to be crushed and which has a tip portion tapered toward the tip. The first contact portion of the tip is brought into contact with the first wall surface portion on the free surface side of the object to be crushed among the inner wall surfaces of the drilling and the second wall surface portion on the opposite free surface side The tip end portion is pushed along the first direction into the drilling hole in a state in which the second contact portion at the tip end portion abuts and is not rotated around the axis line, thereby cutting by the first contact portion and the second contact portion A wedge-shaped chisel for pressing an inner wall surface of a hole to generate a crack from a drilling toward a free surface of an object to be crushed, wherein the first contact portion is curved along a first wall portion while the first contact portion is curved A first opposing surface provided facing the wall surface portion, and a first projection portion provided protruding from the first opposing surface toward the first wall surface portion; And, the plurality of different axial positions in the axial direction and protruding position of the first projecting portion in the circumferential direction of the first facing surface different from each other,
In each portion of the first wall surface portion in the first direction, the circumferential position in the circumferential direction of the first wall surface portion pressed by the first projection changes in response to the pressing of the tip end portion into the hole There is.

また、この発明の第2の態様は、岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの被破砕物に形成された削孔から被破砕物の自由面に向けて亀裂を与えて被破砕物を破砕する破砕装置であって、上記楔型チゼルと、楔型チゼルの後端を打撃するピストンとを備え、ピストンにより楔型チゼルに打撃を加えながら楔型チゼルの先端部を削孔に押し込んで被破砕物を破砕することを特徴としている。   Further, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fracture in which a crack is provided from a hole formed in an object to be crushed such as a rock, rock or concrete structure toward a free surface of the object to be crushed to break the object to be crushed. An apparatus comprising: the wedge-shaped chisel and a piston for striking the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel; the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel is pushed into a hole while striking the wedge-shaped chisel with the piston; It is characterized by crushing.

また、この発明の第3の態様は、岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの被破砕物に形成された削孔から被破砕物の自由面に向けて亀裂を与えて被破砕物を破砕する破砕装置であって、上記楔型チゼルと、作業機械により保持される本体部と、本体部の被破砕物側で削孔が形成された第1方向と平行な振動方向に振動する振動部と、本体部に対して振動部を振動方向に振動自在に支持する支持部と、振動部に取り付けられて楔型チゼルの後端部を保持するチゼル保持部とを備え、楔型チゼルの先端部を削孔に挿入した状態で楔型チゼルの後端部をチゼル保持部で保持したまま振動部で発生する振動方向の振動を楔型チゼルに与えながら自重または作業機械から与えられる押圧力により楔型チゼルの先端部を押し込んで被破砕物を破砕することを特徴としている。   Further, according to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fracture in which a crack is provided from a hole formed in an object to be crushed such as a rock, rock or concrete structure toward a free surface of the object to be crushed to break the object to be crushed. An apparatus, comprising: the wedge-shaped chisel, a main body portion held by a working machine, and a vibrating portion vibrating in a vibration direction parallel to a first direction in which a hole is formed on the object side to be crushed of the main body portion. The tip portion of the wedge-shaped chisel includes: a support portion for supporting the vibrating portion in a vibrating direction in a vibrating direction with respect to the main body portion; and a chisel holding portion attached to the vibration portion to hold the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel With the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel held by the chisel holding part while inserted into the drilling hole, the wedge in the vibration direction generated by the vibrating part is given to the wedge-shaped chisel while self-weight or pressing force applied from a working machine Pushing the tip of the chisel to crush the material to be crushed It is characterized.

さらに、この発明の第4の態様は、岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの被破砕物に形成された削孔から被破砕物の自由面に向けて亀裂を与えて被破砕物を破砕する破砕方法であって、上記楔型チゼルを準備する工程と、楔型チゼルの先端を削孔に挿入する工程と、削孔が形成される第1方向と平行に楔型チゼルの後端部に打撃または振動を加えながら楔型チゼルを第1方向に押し込んで削孔の周囲を割岩する工程とを備えることを特徴としている。   Furthermore, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fracture in which a crack is provided from a hole formed in an object to be crushed such as a rock, rock or concrete structure toward a free surface of the object to be crushed to break the object to be crushed. The method includes the steps of preparing the wedge-shaped chisel, inserting the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel into the borehole, and striking the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel in parallel with the first direction in which the borehole is formed. Or pushing the wedge-shaped chisel in the first direction while applying vibration to split the periphery of the drilling.

以上のように、本発明によれば、楔型チゼルの先端部が削孔に押し込まれると、第1当接部および第2当接部により削孔の内壁面が押圧されるが、特に第1当接部では第1突起部が設けられ、上記内壁面の第1壁面部位を押圧する。しかも第1方向における第1壁面部位の各部では、第1突起部により押圧される第1壁面部位の周方向における周方向位置が削孔への先端部の押込に対応して変化する。例えば図3に示すように、削孔の開口付近では周方向位置が上記押込の進行に伴って第1壁面部位の周方向に変化し、押圧方向(図3中の白抜き矢印)が変動して亀裂方向も変化する。このため、多様な亀裂が被破砕物に数多く発生して被破砕物を効率的に破砕することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, when the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel is pushed into the hole, the inner wall surface of the hole is pressed by the first contact portion and the second contact portion. A first protrusion is provided at the first contact portion, and presses the first wall surface portion of the inner wall surface. Moreover, in each portion of the first wall surface portion in the first direction, the circumferential position in the circumferential direction of the first wall surface portion pressed by the first projection changes in response to the pressing of the tip end portion into the hole. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, in the vicinity of the opening of the drilling, the circumferential position changes in the circumferential direction of the first wall portion along with the progress of the pressing, and the pressing direction (open arrow in FIG. 3) changes. Crack direction also changes. For this reason, many various cracks generate | occur | produce in a material to be crushed and a material to be crushed can be efficiently crushed.

本発明に係る楔型チゼルの第1実施形態を装備する破砕装置の一例である油圧ブレーカーの使用態様を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the use aspect of the hydraulic breaker which is an example of the crushing apparatus equipped with 1st Embodiment of the cage | basket type chisel which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る楔型チゼルの第1実施形態を示す図である。It is a figure showing a 1st embodiment of a bowl shaped chisel concerning the present invention. 図1の破砕装置により岩盤を破砕する破砕方法を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the crushing method which crushes a rock mass by the crushing apparatus of FIG. 本発明に係る楔型チゼルの第2実施形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of the bowl-shaped chisel which concerns on this invention. 図4の楔型チゼルを装備する破砕装置の一例である油圧ブレーカーの使用態様を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the use aspect of the hydraulic breaker which is an example of a crushing apparatus equipped with the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. 図2の楔型チゼルを装備する破砕装置の使用態様を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the use aspect of the crushing apparatus equipped with the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. 本発明に係る楔型チゼルの第3実施形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows 3rd Embodiment of the bowl-shaped chisel which concerns on this invention.

図1は本発明に係る楔型チゼルの第1実施形態を装備する破砕装置の一例である油圧ブレーカーの使用態様を示す図である。油圧ブレーカー1に装着された楔型チゼル(以下、単に「チゼル」と称する)2の先端部を岩盤3に形成された削孔4に押し込むことで削孔4の周囲が破砕される。この明細書では、後の説明のために、図1に示すようにXYZ座標軸を設定する。ここでは、削孔4の形成方向を「−Z」とし、削孔形成方向(−Z)と直交する方向のうち削孔4から岩盤3の自由面31に向かう方向を「+Y」とし、方向Zおよび方向Yに直交する方向を「X」とする。   FIG. 1 is a view showing a usage mode of a hydraulic breaker which is an example of a crushing apparatus equipped with a first embodiment of a vertical chisel according to the present invention. By pushing the tip of a wedge-shaped chisel (hereinafter simply referred to as "chisel") 2 mounted on the hydraulic breaker 1 into the drilling 4 formed in the rock 3, the periphery of the drilling 4 is broken. In this specification, XYZ coordinate axes are set as shown in FIG. 1 for later explanation. Here, the formation direction of the drilling 4 is “−Z”, and in the direction orthogonal to the drilling direction (−Z), the direction from the drilling 4 to the free surface 31 of the rock 3 is “+ Y”. Let the direction orthogonal to Z and the direction Y be "X".

油圧ブレーカー1は図1に示すようにバックホウ等の建設車両5のアーム51にブラケット52を介して取り付けられている。この油圧ブレーカー1はブラケット52に支持されるブレーカー本体(図示省略)を備えている。また、このブレーカー本体は、中央部にシリンダ11を有している。そして、不図示の油圧供給源から切換弁を介してシリンダ11へ圧油を供給することにより、シリンダ11内に摺嵌されるピストン12が軸方向に前後進可能になっている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the hydraulic breaker 1 is attached to an arm 51 of a construction vehicle 5 such as a backhoe via a bracket 52. The hydraulic breaker 1 includes a breaker main body (not shown) supported by the bracket 52. The breaker body also has a cylinder 11 at its center. Then, by supplying pressure oil to the cylinder 11 from a hydraulic pressure supply source (not shown) via the switching valve, the piston 12 slidably fitted in the cylinder 11 can move forward and backward in the axial direction.

ブレーカー本体の先端部(図1の下方側端部)には、チゼル2の軸線AX(図2)がピストン12の往復軸と同軸線上となるようにチゼル2の後端部21が挿着され、このチゼル2の後端面とピストン12との間に打撃室が形成されている。そして、ブレーカー本体の先端部内では、上記ピストン12の打撃によってチゼル2が軸線AXの方向に所定距離の往復移動が可能になっている。なお、図1中の符号53は、ピストン12の打撃時に発生する作動音が騒音として周囲に伝播するのを抑制する防音カバーである。   The rear end 21 of the chisel 2 is inserted into the tip of the breaker body (lower end in FIG. 1) so that the axis AX (FIG. 2) of the chisel 2 is coaxial with the reciprocating axis of the piston 12 A striking chamber is formed between the rear end face of the chisel 2 and the piston 12. And in the front-end | tip part of a breaker main body, the chisel 2 can reciprocate by predetermined distance in the direction of the axis line AX by striking of the said piston 12. FIG. In addition, the code | symbol 53 in FIG. 1 is a soundproof cover which suppresses that the action | operation noise generate | occur | produced at the time of striking of piston 12 propagates to the periphery as a noise.

図2は本発明に係る楔型チゼルの第1実施形態を示す図である。同図(a)はチゼル2を(+X)方向から見た側面図であり、同図(b)はチゼル2を(+Y)方向から見た側面図であり、同図(c−1)〜(c−4)はそれぞれチゼル2の軸線方向Zにおいて互いに異なる軸線方向位置Z1〜Z4でのXY断面図である。   FIG. 2 is a view showing a first embodiment of a bowl-shaped chisel according to the present invention. The figure (a) is the side view which looked at the chisel 2 from (+ X) direction, the figure (b) is the side view which looked at the chisel 2 from (+ Y) direction, and the figure (c-1)-. (C-4) is XY sectional drawing in the axial direction position Z1-Z4 mutually different in the axial direction Z of the chisel 2, respectively.

楔型チゼル2は、削孔4の形成方向(−Z)と平行な軸線AXを有する軸体構造を有しており、後端部21が油圧ブレーカー1に装着可能となっている。一方、楔型チゼル2の先端部22は先端側、(−Z)方向側に進むにしたがって外径が減少する、いわゆる先細り形状を有している。より詳しくは、先端部22の後端位置Prは削孔4の内径dよりも大きな外径を有する一方、先端位置Pfでは削孔4の内径dよりも小さな外径を有する。このように先端部22の側面のうち自由面側(図2(a)の右手側)および反自由面側(図2(a)の左手側)がそれぞれ傾斜面23、24となっている。   The wedge-shaped chisel 2 has a shaft structure having an axis AX parallel to the forming direction (−Z) of the drilling 4, and the rear end 21 can be attached to the hydraulic breaker 1. On the other hand, the tip end portion 22 of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 has a so-called tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases toward the tip end side in the (−Z) direction side. More specifically, the rear end position Pr of the distal end portion 22 has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter d of the drilling 4, while having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter d of the drilling 4 at the tip position Pf. Thus, among the side surfaces of the tip portion 22, the free surface side (right hand side in FIG. 2A) and the non-free surface side (left hand side in FIG. 2A) are respectively inclined surfaces 23 and 24.

自由面側の傾斜面23は、削孔4の内壁面のうち自由面側の第1壁面部位(図3の符号41)に沿って湾曲しながら第1壁面部位に対向して設けられており、本発明の「第1対向面」に相当している。また、傾斜面23から(+Y)方向に、つまり第1壁面部位に向けて突起部25が一定の高さで突設されている。この突起部25は、図2に示すように、傾斜面23に対して螺旋状に設けられており、先端部22の有効割岩範囲Rでは次のような特徴を有している。すなわち、軸線方向Zにおいて互いに異なる複数の軸線方向位置(同図では、4つの軸線方向位置Z1〜Z4が図示されている)では傾斜面(第1対向面)23の周方向における突起部25の突起位置(同図では、4つの突起位置251〜254が図示されている)は互いに異なっている。なお、XY平面における軸線AXから突起部25の頂部(同図では、4つの頂部231〜234が図示されている)までの距離Lは軸線AXから傾斜面23までの距離よりも長く、しかもチゼル2の先端に向かって漸次減少する。このため、後述するように削孔4にチゼル2の先端部22を押し込むと、傾斜面23は削孔4の第1壁面部位と接触せず、突起部25のみが第1壁面部位と当接して押圧する。しかも、突起部25は傾斜面23に巻き付くような螺旋形状を有している。このため、各軸線方向位置Z1〜Z4では傾斜面23の周方向における突起部25の突起位置は図2(c−1)〜(c−4)に示すように相互に相違している。   The inclined surface 23 on the free surface side is provided so as to face the first wall surface region while curving along the first wall surface region (reference numeral 41 in FIG. 3) of the inner wall surface of the drilling 4 on the free surface side. , Corresponds to the "first opposing surface" of the present invention. In addition, a projection 25 is projected at a constant height from the inclined surface 23 in the (+ Y) direction, that is, toward the first wall surface portion. As shown in FIG. 2, the protrusion 25 is provided in a spiral shape with respect to the inclined surface 23, and has the following features in the effective split rock range R of the tip 22. That is, at a plurality of axial positions different from each other in the axial direction Z (in the figure, four axial positions Z1 to Z4 are shown), the protrusions 25 in the circumferential direction of the inclined surface (first opposing surface) 23 The projection positions (in the drawing, four projection positions 251 to 254 are shown) are different from one another. The distance L from the axis AX in the XY plane to the top of the projection 25 (in the figure, four tops 231 to 234 are shown) is longer than the distance from the axis AX to the inclined surface 23, and the chisel Gradually decrease toward the tip of 2. Therefore, when the tip 22 of the chisel 2 is pushed into the drilling 4 as described later, the inclined surface 23 does not contact the first wall surface of the drilling 4 and only the protrusion 25 contacts the first wall surface. Press. In addition, the protrusion 25 has a spiral shape so as to be wound around the inclined surface 23. For this reason, in each axial direction position Z1-Z4, the projection position of the projection part 25 in the circumferential direction of the inclined surface 23 mutually differs, as shown to FIG. 2 (c-1)-(c-4).

一方、反自由面側の傾斜面24は削孔4の内壁面のうち反自由面側の第2壁面部位(図3の符号42)に沿って湾曲しながら第2壁面部位に対向して設けられており、本発明の「第2対向面」に相当している。また、反自由面側では、図2に示すように傾斜面24から後端部21にわたって空気抜きとして機能する溝部26が設けられている。   On the other hand, the inclined surface 24 on the opposite free surface side is provided to face the second wall surface region while curving along the second wall surface region (reference numeral 42 in FIG. 3) of the inner wall surface of the drilling 4 on the opposite free surface side. And corresponds to the "second opposing surface" of the present invention. Further, on the opposite free surface side, as shown in FIG. 2, a groove portion 26 which functions as an air vent from the inclined surface 24 to the rear end portion 21 is provided.

このように構成されたチゼル2の先端部22を削孔4に押し込むと、反自由面側では傾斜面24が削孔4の内壁面の第2壁面部位に当接して押圧するとともに自由面側では突起部25が選択的に削孔4の内壁面の第1壁面部位に当接して押圧する。これによって、削孔4から自由面31に向けて亀裂を発生させることができる。このように、本実施形態では、傾斜面23と突起部25とで本発明の「第1当接部」が構成される一方、傾斜面24で本発明の「第2当接部」が構成されており、次のようにして破砕作業が実行される。   When the tip 22 of the chisel 2 configured in this way is pushed into the drilling 4, the inclined surface 24 abuts against the second wall portion of the inner wall surface of the drilling 4 on the opposite free surface side and presses the free surface Then, the projection 25 selectively abuts against the first wall surface portion of the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 4 and presses it. Thereby, a crack can be generated from the drilling 4 toward the free surface 31. As described above, in the present embodiment, the "first contact portion" of the present invention is configured by the inclined surface 23 and the projection 25, while the "second contact portion" of the present invention is configured by the inclined surface 24. The crushing operation is performed as follows.

図3は図1の破砕装置により岩盤を破砕する破砕方法を模式的に示す図である。図2に示すチゼル2の先端部22を削孔4に挿入すると、図3(a)に示すように、削孔4の内壁面のうち自由面側の第1壁面部位41に第1当接部の突起部25が係止されるとともに反自由面側の第2壁面部位42に第2当接部の傾斜面24が係止される。   FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing a crushing method of crushing a rock mass by the crushing apparatus of FIG. When the tip end portion 22 of the chisel 2 shown in FIG. 2 is inserted into the drilled hole 4, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first wall surface portion 41 of the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 4 abuts on the first wall surface portion 41 The projection 25 of the part is locked and the inclined surface 24 of the second contact part is locked to the second wall surface part 42 on the opposite free surface side.

そして、油圧ブレーカー1のピストン12を軸線AXと略平行に往復動させてチゼル2の後端部21(図2)を直接打撃すると、チゼル2の先端部22が削孔4に押し込まれる。このとき、削孔4の開口近傍位置(深さHa)では、第1壁面部位41に対して突起部25の先端突起部位(突起部25のうち軸線方向位置Z4に位置する部位)254が第1壁面部位41に当接して図中の白抜き矢印で示すように(+Y)方向から45゜程度だけ(+X)方向に傾いた方向に押圧力F14を第1壁面部位41に与える。一方、第2壁面部位42に対して傾斜面24が第2壁面部位42に当接して図中の白抜き矢印で示すように(−Y)方向に押圧力F2を第2壁面部位42に与える。このため、これらの押圧力F14、F2によって、チゼル2の押込量と傾斜面23、24の傾斜角とで決まる距離だけ先端部22が削孔4の内壁の自由面側、つまり(+Y)方向側を押し遣り、削孔4から自由面31に向けて亀裂が発生する。   Then, when the piston 12 of the hydraulic breaker 1 is reciprocated substantially parallel to the axis AX and the rear end 21 (FIG. 2) of the chisel 2 is directly hit, the front end 22 of the chisel 2 is pushed into the drilling 4. At this time, at the opening vicinity position (depth Ha) of the drilling 4, the tip protruding portion (portion located at the axial direction position Z4 of the protruding portion 25) 254 of the protruding portion 25 with respect to the first wall surface portion 41 is 1) The pressing force F14 is applied to the first wall surface portion 41 in a direction inclined in the (+ X) direction by about 45 ° from the (+ Y) direction as shown by the white arrow in the drawing while in contact with the wall surface portion 41. On the other hand, the inclined surface 24 abuts against the second wall surface portion 42 with respect to the second wall surface portion 42 and applies a pressing force F2 to the second wall surface portion 42 in the (-Y) direction as shown by the white arrow in the figure. . Therefore, the tip 22 is the free surface side of the inner wall of the drilling 4 by the distance determined by the pressing amount of the chisel 2 and the inclination angle of the inclined surfaces 23 and 24 by these pressing forces F14 and F2, that is, the (+ Y) direction The side is pushed and a crack is generated from the drilling 4 toward the free surface 31.

また、ピストン12による打撃を継続しながらチゼル2の先端部22を削孔4にさらに押し込んでいくと、同図(b)に示すように、第2壁面部位42に対する傾斜面24の当接状態は変化せず、(−Y)方向に押圧力F2が第2壁面部位42に与えている。この点に関しては、チゼル2の押込量にかかわらず同一である。これに対し、第2壁面部位42に対する突起部25の当接状態はチゼル2の先端部22の押込に応じて変化する。例えば同図(b)に示すように、先端部22が押し込まれた分だけ突起部25の先端突起部位254は削孔4の開口近傍位置(深さHa)よりも深い位置(深さHb)で第1壁面部位41に当接して図中の白抜き矢印で示すように(+Y)方向から45゜程度だけ(+X)方向に傾いた方向に押圧力F14を第1壁面部位41に与える。これによって押込初期(同図(a))と同様にして亀裂が深さHbで第1壁面部位41から自由面31に向けて発生する。また同時に、削孔4の開口近傍位置(深さHa)では、新たに突起部25の中間突起部位(突起部25のうち軸線方向位置Z3に位置する部位)253が第1壁面部位41に当接して図中の白抜き矢印で示すように(+Y)方向から22.5゜程度だけ(+X)方向に傾いた方向に押圧力F13を第1壁面部位41に与える。このため、削孔4の開口近傍位置では上記とは異なる方向に亀裂が発生する。   Further, when the tip end portion 22 of the chisel 2 is further pushed into the drilling hole 4 while continuing the striking by the piston 12, as shown in FIG. 6B, the contact state of the inclined surface 24 with the second wall surface portion 42. Does not change, and the pressing force F2 is given to the second wall portion 42 in the (−Y) direction. In this regard, the same is true regardless of the amount of depression of the chisel 2. On the other hand, the contact state of the protrusion 25 with respect to the second wall surface portion 42 changes in accordance with the pressing of the tip end portion 22 of the chisel 2. For example, as shown in FIG. 6B, the position (depth Hb) of the tip protrusion portion 254 of the protrusion 25 is deeper than the position (depth Ha) of the opening 4 by the amount that the tip 22 is pushed. The pressing force F14 is applied to the first wall surface portion 41 in a direction inclined in the (+ X) direction by about 45 ° from the (+ Y) direction as shown by the white arrow in the drawing while in contact with the first wall surface portion 41. As a result, in the same manner as in the initial stage of indentation (the same figure (a)), a crack is generated from the first wall surface portion 41 toward the free surface 31 at the depth Hb. At the same time, at the opening vicinity position (depth Ha) of the drilling 4, the intermediate projection portion (portion located at the axial position Z3 of the projections 25) 253 newly abuts the first wall surface portion 41. A pressing force F13 is applied to the first wall surface portion 41 in a direction inclined in the (+ X) direction by about 22.5 ° from the (+ Y) direction as shown by the white arrow in the drawing. For this reason, a crack occurs in a direction different from the above at a position near the opening of the drilling 4.

このような動作を継続させることで、削孔4から自由面31に向けて種々の方向に多様な亀裂が数多く岩盤(被破砕物)3に入って岩盤3が割岩される。その結果、従来技術に比べ、岩盤3からの破砕除去がより容易なものとなっている。   By continuing such an operation, a number of various cracks enter the bedrock (object to be crushed) 3 in various directions from the drilling 4 toward the free surface 31 and the bedrock 3 is split. As a result, crushing and removal from the bedrock 3 is easier than in the prior art.

図4は本発明に係る楔型チゼルの第2実施形態を示す図である。図5は図4の楔型チゼルを装備する破砕装置の一例である油圧ブレーカーの使用態様を示す図である。図4に示すチゼル2は単独でも第1実施形態と同様にして岩盤3の破砕に有効であるが、チゼル2を複数本用意し、それらを例えば特許文献2に記載された破砕方法、いわゆるユニット破砕工法に用いることができる。   FIG. 4 is a view showing a second embodiment of a bowl-shaped chisel according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a view showing a usage mode of a hydraulic breaker which is an example of a crushing apparatus equipped with the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. 4. The chisel 2 shown in FIG. 4 is effective for crushing the rock 3 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, but a plurality of the chisels 2 are prepared, and the crushing method described in Patent Document 2 is a so-called unit It can be used for the crushing method.

チゼル2は第1実施形態と同様に突起部25を有しており、チゼル2の先端部22を削孔4に押し込むことによって削孔4から自由面31に向けて多様な方向に数多くの亀裂を発生させる点で共通する一方、次の2点で相違している。したがって、相違点を中心に構成説明する一方、同一または相当する構成については同一符号を付して説明を省略する。   The chisel 2 has the projection 25 as in the first embodiment, and by pushing the tip 22 of the chisel 2 into the drilling 4, many cracks are generated in various directions from the drilling 4 to the free surface 31. While they are common in that they generate the following two differences. Therefore, while the configuration will be described focusing on the differences, the same or corresponding components will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.

第1の相違点はチゼル先端側(−Z方向側)にさらに先細り形状の支持部27が設けられている点である。すなわち、支持部27の後端径は削孔4の内径dよりもさらに細く仕上げられており、先端側に進むにしたがって外径が小さくなっている。このため、支持部27は削孔4にすっぽり挿入可能となっており、また挿入後において支持部27は、チゼル2が傾いた際に削孔4の内壁に係合して支持し、チゼル2の転倒を防止する機能を有している。   The first difference is that a tapered support portion 27 is further provided on the chisel tip side (−Z direction side). That is, the rear end diameter of the support portion 27 is finished to be smaller than the inner diameter d of the drilled hole 4 and the outer diameter becomes smaller as it goes to the front end side. For this reason, the support portion 27 can be fully inserted into the hole 4, and after insertion, the support portion 27 engages with and supports the inner wall of the hole 4 when the chisel 2 is inclined. Have a function to prevent

また、第2の相違点はチゼル2の後端部21の形状であり、後端部21は油圧ブレーカー1と分離した形でピストン12からの打撃を受ける構造を有している。すなわち、油圧ブレーカー1は図5に示すようにバックホウ等の建設車両5のアーム51にブラケット52を介して取り付けられるブレーカー本体13と、ブレーカー本体13に取り付けられるアタッチメント14と、岩盤3に形成された削孔4に上記支持部27が予め挿入されて自立しているチゼル2とを備えて構成される。   The second difference is the shape of the rear end 21 of the chisel 2, and the rear end 21 has a structure separated from the hydraulic breaker 1 to receive an impact from the piston 12. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the hydraulic breaker 1 is formed on the breaker main body 13 attached to the arm 51 of the construction vehicle 5 such as a backhoe via the bracket 52, the attachment 14 attached to the breaker main body 13, and the bedrock 3 The support portion 27 is inserted in advance into the drilled hole 4 and is configured to include a self-supporting chisel 2.

図5に示すように、ブレーカー本体13は軸方向(図5の上下方向)に延びるハウジング(図示省略)を有しており、その内部に軸方向に沿って延びる円筒状のシリンダ空間15が形成されている。また、ブレーカー本体13はシリンダ空間15に収容されたピストン12を有しており、このピストン12は不図示の油圧供給源から切換弁を介して圧油が供給されることにより軸方向に往復動する。さらに、シリンダ空間15の先端側(図5の下側)には当該シリンダ空間15と連通する筒状空間16が形成されており、筒状空間16の先端面は開口面となっている。   As shown in FIG. 5, the breaker main body 13 has a housing (not shown) extending in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 5), and a cylindrical cylinder space 15 extending in the axial direction is formed therein. It is done. The breaker body 13 also has a piston 12 accommodated in the cylinder space 15. The piston 12 is axially reciprocated by being supplied with pressure oil from a hydraulic pressure supply source (not shown) via a switching valve. Do. Further, a cylindrical space 16 communicating with the cylinder space 15 is formed on the front end side (lower side in FIG. 5) of the cylinder space 15, and the front end surface of the cylindrical space 16 is an opening surface.

アタッチメント14はピストン12とチゼル2との間に配置されて、ピストン12の往復動による打撃力をチゼル2に伝達する役割を有する。アタッチメント14の後端部は筒状空間16の開口面から当該筒状空間16に挿入されてブレーカー本体13に装着される。この装着状態において、アタッチメント14の先端部は筒状空間16から突出する。また、アタッチメント14の先端部には円筒状のガイド部17が形成されている。ガイド部17の内部に形成される挿入空間18の先端面は開口面となっており、この開口面から挿入空間18にチゼル2の後端部21を収容可能となっている。また、開口面と対向する面がチゼル2の後端端面を打撃する打撃面として構成されている。   The attachment 14 is disposed between the piston 12 and the chisel 2 and has a role of transmitting the striking force due to the reciprocating motion of the piston 12 to the chisel 2. The rear end portion of the attachment 14 is inserted into the cylindrical space 16 from the opening surface of the cylindrical space 16 and mounted on the breaker main body 13. In this mounted state, the tip of the attachment 14 projects from the cylindrical space 16. Further, a cylindrical guide portion 17 is formed at the tip of the attachment 14. The tip end face of the insertion space 18 formed inside the guide portion 17 is an opening face, and the rear end 21 of the chisel 2 can be accommodated in the insertion space 18 from this opening face. Further, the surface facing the opening surface is configured as a striking surface for striking the rear end surface of the chisel 2.

チゼル2の後端部21は、次のように構成されてガイド部17の内側の挿入空間18に挿入可能となっている。すなわち、チゼル2の後端部21は、アタッチメント14によって打撃される後端端面を有する第1後端部21aと、第1後端部21aの先端側(−Z方向側)に延設され第1後端部21aよりも大きな外径を有する第2後端部21bとを有しており、第1後端部21aと第2後端部21bとの境界部では径が大きく変化して段部11cが形成されている。そして、チゼル2の後端部21はアタッチメント14の挿入空間18に対して軸方向に出し入れ可能、すなわちガイド部17に対して係脱自在に構成されている。   The rear end portion 21 of the chisel 2 is configured as follows and can be inserted into the insertion space 18 inside the guide portion 17. That is, the rear end 21 of the chisel 2 is extended to a first rear end 21a having a rear end face hit by the attachment 14 and a front end side (-Z direction side) of the first rear end 21a. The second rear end 21b has an outer diameter larger than that of the first rear end 21a, and the diameter is greatly changed at the boundary between the first rear end 21a and the second rear end 21b. A portion 11c is formed. The rear end 21 of the chisel 2 is axially insertable into and out of the insertion space 18 of the attachment 14, that is, configured so as to be engageable with and disengageable from the guide portion 17.

上記のように構成されたチゼル2を用いて(+Y)方向側に自由面31を有する岩盤3を破砕する破砕作業については、特許文献2に記載されたと同様にして行うことができる。しかも、第2実施形態においてもチゼル2に突起部25が設けられていることから、第1実施形態と同様に、チゼル2の先端部22を削孔4に押し込むことによって削孔4から自由面31に向けて多様な方向に数多くの亀裂を発生させることができ、上記破砕作業を効率的に行うことができる。   The crushing operation of crushing the bedrock 3 having the free surface 31 on the (+ Y) direction side using the chisel 2 configured as described above can be performed in the same manner as described in Patent Document 2. Moreover, since the projection 25 is provided on the chisel 2 in the second embodiment as well, by pushing the tip 22 of the chisel 2 into the drilling 4 as in the first embodiment, the free surface can be obtained from the drilling 4 A large number of cracks can be generated in various directions toward 31 and the above-mentioned crushing operation can be performed efficiently.

なお、本発明は上記した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない限りにおいて上述したもの以外に種々の変更を行うことが可能である。例えば、上記実施形態では、ピストン12の往復動による打撃力を直接またはアタッチメント14を介して間接的にチゼル2に与えて破砕処理を行う油圧ブレーカー1に対して本発明を適用しているが、例えば特許文献3に記載された破砕装置に図2に示すチゼル2を装着して破砕処理を行ってもよい(第3実施形態)。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made other than the above without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to the hydraulic breaker 1 that applies crushing force to the chisel 2 directly or indirectly via the attachment 14 by means of the reciprocating motion of the piston 12. For example, the chisel 2 shown in FIG. 2 may be attached to the crushing apparatus described in Patent Document 3 to perform the crushing process (third embodiment).

図6は図2の楔型チゼルを装備する他の破砕装置の使用態様を示す図である。この破砕装置は、作業機械の一例であるクレーン車6と、破砕機構7と、図2に示すチゼルとを用い、第1実施形態や第2実施形態と同様に、岩盤3に対して予め(−Z)方向に形成しておいた削孔4の周囲のうち自由面側(同図の右手側)を破砕するものである。クレーン車6は、同図に示すように、削孔4が形成された現場に隣接した位置で駐車され、当該位置から削孔4の上方空間に向けてアーム61を伸ばしている。そして、アーム61の先端からワイヤー62が垂下し、その先端に破砕機構7が取り付けられている。   FIG. 6 is a view showing the use of another crushing apparatus equipped with the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. This crushing apparatus uses a crane 6 which is an example of a working machine, a crushing mechanism 7 and a chisel shown in FIG. 2 and, in advance, applies to the rock 3 in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments. Among the peripheries of the drilling 4 formed in the -Z) direction, the free surface side (the right side in the same figure) is crushed. The crane car 6 is parked at a position adjacent to the site where the drilling 4 is formed, as shown in the figure, and extends the arm 61 from the position to the space above the drilling 4. Then, the wire 62 hangs down from the tip of the arm 61, and the crushing mechanism 7 is attached to the tip.

破砕機構7は、ワイヤー62によってクレーン車6に保持される本体部71と、本体部71の岩盤3側で削孔4の形成方向と平行な振動方向Zに振動する振動部72と、本体部71に対して振動部72を振動方向Zに振動自在に支持する4本の支持部73と、振動部72に取り付けられてチゼル2の後端部21を保持するチゼル保持部74とを備えている。なお、破砕機構7の構成は特許文献3に詳しく記載されているため、ここでは構成説明を省略する。   The crushing mechanism 7 includes a main body 71 held by the crane 6 by a wire 62, a vibrating portion 72 vibrating in a vibration direction Z parallel to the formation direction of the drilling 4 on the rock 3 side of the main body 71, and the main body 71 includes four supporting portions 73 for supporting the vibrating portion 72 in the vibration direction Z in a vibrating direction Z, and a chisel holding portion 74 attached to the vibrating portion 72 and holding the rear end 21 of the chisel 2 There is. In addition, since the structure of the crushing mechanism 7 is described in detail in patent document 3, description of a structure is abbreviate | omitted here.

図2に示すチゼル2はチゼル保持部74に保持されており、第1当接部(=傾斜面23+突起部25)を自由面31に向けた状態でチゼル2の先端部22が削孔4に挿入される。これによって、削孔4の内壁面のうち自由面側の第1壁面部位41に第1当接部の突起部25が係止されるとともに反自由面側の第2壁面部位42に第2当接部の傾斜面24が係止される。そして、破砕機構7の油圧モータ(図示省略)を作動させることで、チゼル保持部74によってチゼル2を保持したまま振動部72を削孔形成方向(−Z)と平行な方向Zに振動させる。これにより、チゼル2に対して削孔形成方向(−Z)に押し込む力(チゼル2および破砕機構7の自重を含む)と削孔4から引き抜く力とが交互に与えられる。このとき、チゼル2に押し込む力が作用することでチゼル2の先端部が削孔4に押し込まれる。このとき、第1実施形態と同様にして削孔4から自由面31に向けて種々の方向に多くの亀裂が発生する。また、押し込む力を作用させた後で直ちに引き抜く力が作用し、チゼル2の先端部22が削孔4の内壁と噛み込むのを防止する。この振動動作中、振動部72で発生する振動に対する反力は本体部71で受け止められ、安定して破砕処理を行うことができる。なお、特許文献3に記載されているように、作業機械によりチゼル2を強制的に削孔4に押し込むように構成してもよい。   The chisel 2 shown in FIG. 2 is held by the chisel holding part 74, and the tip 22 of the chisel 2 is drilled 4 with the first contact part (= inclined surface 23 + protrusion 25) facing the free surface 31. Inserted into As a result, the projection 25 of the first contact portion is locked to the first wall surface portion 41 on the free surface side of the inner wall surface of the drilling 4 and the second wall surface portion 42 on the opposite free surface side The inclined surface 24 of the contact portion is locked. Then, the hydraulic motor (not shown) of the crushing mechanism 7 is operated to vibrate the vibrating portion 72 in the direction Z parallel to the drilling direction (−Z) while holding the chisel 2 by the chisel holding portion 74. Thereby, a force (including the self weight of the chisel 2 and the crushing mechanism 7) and a force for drawing out from the drilling 4 are alternately given to the chisel 2 in the drilling direction (-Z). At this time, the tip end of the chisel 2 is pushed into the drilling 4 by the application of a force for pushing the chisel 2 into the chisel 2. At this time, many cracks are generated in various directions from the drilling 4 toward the free surface 31 as in the first embodiment. In addition, the pull-out force acts immediately after the push-in force is applied, and the tip end portion 22 of the chisel 2 is prevented from being engaged with the inner wall of the drilling 4. During this vibration operation, the reaction force against the vibration generated by the vibration unit 72 is received by the main body unit 71, and the crushing process can be stably performed. As described in Patent Document 3, the chisel 2 may be forcibly pushed into the drilling 4 by a working machine.

また、上記実施形態では、反自由面側にのみ溝部26を設けているが、例えば図7に示すように溝部26を設けてもよい。なお、この場合、溝部26の追加により自由面側の傾斜面23には2つの突起部25a、25bが設けられる。また、突起部の形成は第1当接部に限定されるものではなく、例えば図7に示すように、自由面側の傾斜面23に加えて反自由面側の傾斜面24に、軸線AXに対して突起部25a、25bと線対称な形状を有する突起部28a、28bを追加してもよい。つまり、第2当接部を傾斜面24と突起部28a、28bとで構成してもよい。また、突起部の個数は上記した「1」や「2」に限定されるものではなく、3以上であってもよい。これらの構成については、第2実施形態に係る楔型チゼルに対しても同様である。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the groove part 26 is provided only in the non-free surface side, you may provide the groove part 26 as shown, for example in FIG. In this case, two projections 25a and 25b are provided on the inclined surface 23 on the free surface side by the addition of the groove 26. Further, the formation of the protrusion is not limited to the first contact portion. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, in addition to the inclined surface 23 on the free surface side, the inclined surface 24 on the opposite free surface side has an axis AX On the other hand, protrusions 28a and 28b having a shape symmetrical to the protrusions 25a and 25b may be added. That is, the second contact portion may be configured by the inclined surface 24 and the protrusions 28a and 28b. Moreover, the number of protrusions is not limited to “1” or “2” described above, and may be three or more. The same applies to the wedge-shaped chisel according to the second embodiment.

また上記実施形態では、空気抜きの溝部26を第1当接部や第2当接部に設けているが、これらは必須ではなく、第1当接部および第2当接部以外に空気抜き構造を別途設けてもよい。   In the above embodiment, the air vent groove 26 is provided in the first contact portion and the second contact portion, but these are not essential, and an air vent structure is provided other than the first contact portion and the second contact portion. You may provide separately.

さらに、第1実施形態および第2実施形態では油圧によりピストンを往復動させているが、ピストンの駆動源は油圧に限定されるものでなく、破砕装置全般で使用される駆動源、例えばエアーなどを用いる破砕装置にも本発明を適用することができることが言うまでもない。   Furthermore, in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the piston is reciprocated by hydraulic pressure, but the drive source of the piston is not limited to hydraulic pressure, and a drive source used in general crushing devices, such as air It goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to a crushing apparatus using

また、第1実施形態および第2実施形態では、図1や図5に示すようにチゼル2の後端部21が打撃される際に発生する作動音が騒音として周囲に伝播するのを抑制するために、防音カバー53を設けているが、作動音のさらなる抑制を図るために、特許第5824713号に記載されている技術を用いてもよい。すなわち、シリンダの先端部に挿入空間を形成し、当該挿入空間に対してチゼル2の後端部21を遊挿可能に構成することで上記作動音が周囲に伝播するのをさらに効果的に抑制することができる。   In the first and second embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, the operation noise generated when the rear end 21 of the chisel 2 is struck is suppressed from propagating as noise to the surroundings. Although the soundproof cover 53 is provided for this purpose, the technique described in Japanese Patent No. 5824713 may be used to further suppress the operation noise. That is, an insertion space is formed at the tip of the cylinder, and the rear end 21 of the chisel 2 can be loosely inserted into the insertion space, thereby more effectively suppressing the propagation of the operation noise to the surroundings. can do.

上記した実施形態では、岩盤3が本発明の「被破砕物」の一例に相当している。また、(−Z)方向が本発明の「第1方向」に相当し、これと平行に延びる軸線AXの延伸方向が本発明の「軸線方向」に相当している。また、突起部25、25a、25bが本発明の「第1突起部」に相当し、突起部28a、28bが本発明の「第2突起部」に相当している。また、例えば図3に示すように突起部25の突起部位253、254が第1壁面部位41に当接して押圧する位置が本発明の「第1壁面部位の周方向における周方向位置」の一例に相当している。   In the above-described embodiment, the rock mass 3 corresponds to an example of the “object to be crushed” of the present invention. Further, the (−Z) direction corresponds to the “first direction” in the present invention, and the extending direction of the axis AX extending in parallel to this corresponds to the “axial direction” in the present invention. The protrusions 25, 25a, 25b correspond to the "first protrusions" of the present invention, and the protrusions 28a, 28b correspond to the "second protrusions" of the present invention. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the position at which the protruding portions 253 and 254 of the protruding portion 25 contact and press the first wall surface portion 41 is an example of “the circumferential position in the circumferential direction of the first wall surface portion” of the present invention. Is equivalent to

この発明は、岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの被破砕物に形成される削孔に対して先細り形状を有する楔型チゼルの先端を押し込んで削孔から自由面に向けて亀裂を発生させて破砕する技術全般に適用することができる。   According to the present invention, a tip of a wedge-shaped chisel having a tapered shape is pressed against a hole to be formed in an object to be crushed such as a rock, rock, concrete structure or the like to generate a crack from the hole to the free surface It can be applied to all techniques for crushing.

1…油圧ブレーカー(破砕装置)
2…楔型チゼル
3…岩盤(被破砕物)
4…削孔
7…破砕機構
12…ピストン
21…(チゼルの)後端部
31…(被破砕物の)自由面
23…傾斜面(第1対向面、第1当接部)
24…傾斜面(第2対向面、第2当接部)
25,25a,25b,28a,28b…突起部
41…第1壁面部位
42…第2壁面部位
Z1〜Z4…軸線方向位置
1 ... Hydraulic breaker (shredding device)
2 ... Chisel type chisel 3 ... Bedrock (object to be crushed)
4 ... drilling 7 ... crushing mechanism 12 ... piston 21 ... (the chisel) rear end part 31 ... (the object to be crushed) free surface 23 ... inclined surface (the first opposite surface, the first contact portion)
24 ... inclined surface (second opposing surface, second contact portion)
25, 25a, 25b, 28a, 28b: projection 41: first wall portion 42: second wall portion Z1 to Z4: axial position

Claims (7)

被破砕物に対して削孔が形成される第1方向と平行な軸線方向に延設されるとともに先端に向かって先細りした先端部を設けた軸体構造を有し、前記削孔の内壁面のうち前記被破砕物の自由面側の第1壁面部位に対して前記先端部の第1当接部を当接させるとともに反自由面側の第2壁面部位に対して前記先端部の第2当接部を当接させ、かつ軸線まわりに回転させない状態で前記削孔に前記先端部が前記第1方向に沿って押し込まれることで前記第1当接部および前記第2当接部により前記削孔の内壁面を押圧して前記削孔から前記被破砕物の自由面に向けて亀裂を発生させる楔型チゼルであって、
前記第1当接部は、前記第1壁面部位に沿って湾曲しながら前記第1壁面部位に対向して設けられる第1対向面と、前記第1対向面から前記第1壁面部位に向けて突設される第1突起部とを有し、
前記軸線方向において互いに異なる複数の軸線方向位置では前記第1対向面の周方向における前記第1突起部の突起位置は互いに異なっており、
前記第1方向における前記第1壁面部位の各部では、前記第1突起部により押圧される前記第1壁面部位の周方向における周方向位置は前記削孔への前記先端部の押込に対応して変化する
ことを特徴とする楔型チゼル。
It has a shaft structure that extends in an axial direction parallel to a first direction in which a hole is to be formed in an object to be crushed and has a tip end tapered toward the tip, the inner wall surface of the hole being bored the second of the tip portion relative to the second wall portion of the anti-free surface is brought into contact with the first contact portion of the tip with respect to the first wall portion of the free surface of the object to be crushed out of The distal end portion is pushed along the first direction into the drill hole in a state where the abutting portion abuts and is not rotated about the axis , the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion A wedge-shaped chisel that presses an inner wall surface of a hole to generate a crack from the hole toward a free surface of the object to be crushed,
The first contact portion is a curved surface along the first wall surface portion and a first opposing surface provided opposite to the first wall surface portion, and from the first opposing surface toward the first wall surface portion And a first protrusion projecting from the
At a plurality of axial positions different from each other in the axial direction, the projection positions of the first protrusions in the circumferential direction of the first opposing surface are different from each other,
In each portion of the first wall surface portion in the first direction, the circumferential position in the circumferential direction of the first wall surface portion pressed by the first projection corresponds to the pressing of the distal end portion into the drilling. A bowl-shaped chisel characterized by changing.
請求項1に記載の楔型チゼルであって、
前記第1突起部が前記第1対向面に対して螺旋状に設けられる楔型チゼル。
It is a bowl-shaped chisel of Claim 1, Comprising:
A wedge-shaped chisel in which the first protrusion is provided in a spiral shape with respect to the first facing surface.
請求項1または2に記載の楔型チゼルであって、
前記第2当接部は前記第2壁面部位に沿って湾曲しながら前記第2壁面部位に対向して設けられる第2対向面を有し、前記削孔への前記先端部の押込に応じて前記第2対向面を前記第2壁面部位に当接させて押圧する楔型チゼル。
It is a bowl-shaped chisel of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising:
The second contact portion has a second facing surface which is provided to be opposed to the second wall surface portion while being curved along the second wall surface portion, and in accordance with the pressing of the tip portion into the drilling. The wedge-shaped chisel which makes the said 2nd opposing surface contact | abut and press the said 2nd wall surface site | part.
請求項1または2に記載の楔型チゼルであって、
前記第2当接部は、前記第2壁面部位に沿って湾曲しながら前記第2壁面部位に対向して設けられる第2対向面と、前記第2対向面から前記第2壁面部位に向けて突設される第2突起部とを有し、
前記第2突起部は前記軸体構造の軸線に対して前記第1突起部と線対称に設けられる楔型チゼル。
It is a bowl-shaped chisel of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising:
The second contact portion is curved toward the second wall surface portion, and a second opposing surface provided opposite to the second wall surface portion and curved from the second opposing surface toward the second wall surface portion. And a second protruding portion provided in a protruding manner,
The wedge-shaped chisel wherein the second projection is provided in line symmetry with the first projection with respect to the axis of the shaft structure.
岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの被破砕物に形成された削孔から前記被破砕物の自由面に向けて亀裂を与えて前記被破砕物を破砕する破砕装置であって、
請求項1ないし4のいずれか一項に記載の楔型チゼルと、
前記楔型チゼルの後端を打撃するピストンとを備え、
前記ピストンにより前記楔型チゼルに打撃を加えながら前記楔型チゼルの先端部を削孔に押し込んで前記被破砕物を破砕することを特徴とする破砕装置。
A crushing apparatus for forming a crack from a hole formed in an object to be crushed such as a rock, rock or concrete structure toward a free surface of the object to be crushed to break the object to be crushed,
5. A bowl-shaped chisel according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
And a piston for striking the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel.
A crushing apparatus characterized in that a tip end portion of the wedge-shaped chisel is pushed into a drilling hole and the material to be crushed is crushed while being struck by the piston with the wedge-shaped chisel.
岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの被破砕物に形成された削孔から前記被破砕物の自由面に向けて亀裂を与えて前記被破砕物を破砕する破砕装置であって、
請求項1ないし4のいずれか一項に記載の楔型チゼルと、
作業機械により保持される本体部と、
前記本体部の前記被破砕物側で前記削孔が形成された第1方向と平行な振動方向に振動する振動部と、
前記本体部に対して前記振動部を前記振動方向に振動自在に支持する支持部と、
前記振動部に取り付けられて前記楔型チゼルの後端部を保持するチゼル保持部とを備え、
前記楔型チゼルの先端部を前記削孔に挿入した状態で前記楔型チゼルの後端部を前記チゼル保持部で保持したまま前記振動部で発生する前記振動方向の振動を前記楔型チゼルに与えながら自重または前記作業機械から与えられる押圧力により前記楔型チゼルの先端部を押し込んで前記被破砕物を破砕することを特徴とする破砕装置。
A crushing apparatus for forming a crack from a hole formed in an object to be crushed such as a rock, rock or concrete structure toward a free surface of the object to be crushed to break the object to be crushed,
5. A bowl-shaped chisel according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
A main unit held by a work machine;
A vibrating portion that vibrates in a vibration direction parallel to a first direction in which the drilling is formed on the side of the object to be crushed of the main body portion;
A supporting portion that supports the vibrating portion so as to be capable of vibrating in the vibrating direction with respect to the main body portion;
And a chisel holding portion attached to the vibrating portion to hold the rear end portion of the wedge-shaped chisel.
In the wedge-shaped chisel, the vibration in the vibration direction generated in the vibrating portion is held in the vibrating portion while the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel is held by the chisel holding portion in a state where the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel is inserted into the drilling. A crushing apparatus characterized in that while being fed, the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel is pushed in by its own weight or a pressing force applied from the work machine to crush the material to be crushed.
岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの被破砕物に形成された削孔から前記被破砕物の自由面に向けて亀裂を与えて前記被破砕物を破砕する破砕方法であって、
請求項1ないし4のいずれか一項に記載の楔型チゼルを準備する工程と、
前記楔型チゼルの先端を前記削孔に挿入する工程と、
前記削孔が形成される第1方向と平行に前記楔型チゼルの後端部に打撃または振動を加えながら前記楔型チゼルを前記第1方向に押し込んで前記削孔の周囲を割岩する工程と
を備えることを特徴とする破砕方法。
A crushing method for forming a crack from a hole formed in an object to be crushed such as a rock, a rock, a concrete structure or the like toward a free surface of the object to be crushed and crushing the object to be crushed,
Providing the wedge-shaped chisel according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
Inserting the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel into the drilling;
And pushing the wedge-shaped chisel in the first direction while hitting or vibrating the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel in parallel with the first direction in which the hole-piercing is formed to split the periphery of the hole. A crushing method comprising:
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