JP6520017B2 - Charge rate calculation device - Google Patents

Charge rate calculation device Download PDF

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JP6520017B2
JP6520017B2 JP2014167964A JP2014167964A JP6520017B2 JP 6520017 B2 JP6520017 B2 JP 6520017B2 JP 2014167964 A JP2014167964 A JP 2014167964A JP 2014167964 A JP2014167964 A JP 2014167964A JP 6520017 B2 JP6520017 B2 JP 6520017B2
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power supply
supply system
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charge
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JP2016045025A (en
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山本　康平
康平 山本
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Denso Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Description

本発明は、バッテリの充電率を算出するバッテリの充電率算出装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a battery charging rate calculation device that calculates a charging rate of a battery.

バッテリを適正な充電率の範囲で使用するために、現在の充電率を精度よく算出することが求められる。例えば特許文献１では、電源システムのオン状態でバッテリの充放電の開始前に取得したバッテリの電圧測定値を開放電圧（ＯＣＶ）とみなして、開放電圧と充電率との相関関係から充電率（第１の充電率）を算出する。また、電源システムの停止時点における充電率の最終値を第２の充電率として取得する。更には、電源システムの停止後に、所定の期間バッテリ電圧を測定して得られたバッテリ電圧から、開放電圧を予測計算し、開放電圧の予測値と充電率との相関関係から算出した第３の充電率を取得する。   In order to use the battery within the proper charging rate range, it is required to accurately calculate the current charging rate. For example, in Patent Document 1, the voltage measurement value of the battery acquired before the start of charging and discharging of the battery in the ON state of the power supply system is regarded as the open circuit voltage (OCV), and the charge ratio is Calculate the first charging rate). In addition, the final value of the charging rate at the time of stopping the power supply system is acquired as a second charging rate. Furthermore, after stopping the power supply system, the open circuit voltage is predicted and calculated from the battery voltage obtained by measuring the battery voltage for a predetermined period, and the third calculated from the correlation between the predicted value of the open circuit voltage and the charging rate. Get the charge rate.

そして、電源システムの停止時間に応じて、第１〜第３の充電率のうちで最も誤差の少なくなる充電率の算出値を、現在の充電率として選択している。すなわち、電源システムの停止時間が比較的に長い場合には第１の充電率が選択され、電源システムの停止時間が比較的に短い場合には第２又は第３の充電率が選択されるようにしている。   Then, according to the stop time of the power supply system, the calculated value of the charging rate with the smallest error among the first to third charging rates is selected as the current charging rate. That is, the first charging rate is selected when the power supply system stop time is relatively long, and the second or third charge rate is selected when the power supply system stop time is relatively short. I have to.

特開２００８−２２０８０号公報JP 2008-22080 A

第２及び第３の充電率は、第１の充電率に比べて算出精度が劣るため、電源システムの停止時間が短い場合においても第１の充電率を用いて充電率の初期値が算出されることが好ましい。しかし、第１の充電率は電源システムの停止期間が短い場合に誤差が多くなる課題がある。   Since the second and third charging rates are lower in calculation accuracy than the first charging rate, the initial charging rate is calculated using the first charging rate even when the stop time of the power supply system is short. Is preferred. However, there is a problem that the first charging rate has a large error when the power supply system stop period is short.

本発明は上記実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、電源システムの起動時点における充電率の初期値の算出精度を向上できる充電率算出装置を提供することを主たる目的とするものである。   The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and has as its main object to provide a charging rate calculation device capable of improving the calculation accuracy of the initial value of the charging rate at the start of the power supply system.

本発明の充電率算出装置は、複数の単位電池（Ｖ）の直列接続体として構成されたバッテリ（１０）を含む電源システム（１００）において前記バッテリの充電率を算出する充電率算出装置であって、前記電源システムのオン状態で、前記バッテリの充放電の開始前に該バッテリの開放電圧を検出し、当該開放電圧と充電率との相関から充電率の初期値を算出する初期値算出手段（４２）と、前記単位電池を放電させて前記複数の単位電池の電圧を均等化する均等化手段（４１）と、前記電源システムの停止前のオン状態で前記バッテリが充電過多の状態であった場合に、前記電源システムの停止後に、前記均等化手段により前記複数の単位電池のうち少なくともいずれかの放電を一定時間実施する放電手段（４０）と、を備えることを特徴とする。   The charging rate calculation device of the present invention is a charging rate calculation device that calculates the charging rate of the battery in a power supply system (100) including a battery (10) configured as a series connection of a plurality of unit cells (V). Initial value calculation means for detecting an open circuit voltage of the battery before starting charging and discharging of the battery in the on state of the power supply system and calculating an initial value of the charging rate from the correlation between the open circuit voltage and the charging rate (42), equalization means (41) for discharging the unit cells to equalize the voltages of the plurality of unit cells, and the battery being in an overcharged state in the on state before the power supply system is stopped. And discharging means (40) for discharging the at least one of the plurality of unit cells for a certain period of time by the equalizing means after stopping the power supply system. To.

電源システムの停止前のオン状態でバッテリが充電過多の状態である場合に、電源システムの停止後に、均等化手段を用いてバッテリを構成する複数の単位電池の放電を実施するようにした。この場合、バッテリ内部（各単位電池）の分極電圧を早期に解消することができ、次回電源システムが起動されるまでの停止時間が短い場合においても、開放電圧を用いた充電率初期値の算出精度を向上できる。   When the battery is overcharged in the on state before the stop of the power supply system, the equalizing means is used to discharge a plurality of unit cells constituting the battery after the stop of the power supply system. In this case, the polarization voltage inside the battery (each unit cell) can be eliminated early, and the charge ratio initial value is calculated using the open circuit voltage even when the stop time until the power supply system is activated next time is short. Accuracy can be improved.

電源システムの概略構成図。The schematic block diagram of a power supply system. 充電率算出処理のフローチャート。The flowchart of a charge rate calculation process. 充電率算出処理のタイミングチャート。The timing chart of a charge rate calculation process. バッテリの分極電圧の解消についての説明図。Explanatory drawing about cancellation of the polarization voltage of a battery. 充電率算出処理の変容例のフローチャート。The flowchart of the example of change of charge rate calculation processing.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。本実施形態は、電源システムのバッテリの充電率を算出する充電率算出装置に関し、特に、車両走行用の電動機（走行用モータ）等の負荷に電力を供給するバッテリ１０の充電率を算出する充電率算出装置について説明する。なお、以下の各実施形態相互において、互いに同一もしくは均等である部分には、図中、同一符号を付してある。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. The present embodiment relates to a charging rate calculation device that calculates a charging rate of a battery of a power supply system, and in particular, charging that calculates a charging rate of a battery 10 that supplies power to a load such as a motor for traveling a vehicle (traveling motor). The rate calculation device will be described. In the following embodiments, parts identical or equivalent to each other are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings.

（第１実施形態）
図１に示すように、本実施形態の電源システム１００は、バッテリ１０、充電回路２０、負荷１１、充電率算出装置３０を備えている。 First Embodiment
As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply system 100 of the present embodiment includes a battery 10, a charging circuit 20, a load 11, and a charging rate calculating device 30.

バッテリ１０は、ｎ個の単位電池Ｖの直列接続体として構成されている。各単位電池Ｖは、充放電の最小単位である電池セル、またはその電池セルの複数個の直列接続体として構成されている。電池セルは、充放電可能なリチウムイオン電池や鉛蓄電池などである。バッテリ１０は、充電回路２０を介して供給された電力で充電されるとともに、バッテリ１０に接続された負荷１１へ電力を供給して放電される。   The battery 10 is configured as a series connection of n unit cells V. Each unit battery V is configured as a battery cell, which is the minimum unit of charge and discharge, or a plurality of series-connected bodies of the battery cells. The battery cell is a chargeable / dischargeable lithium ion battery, a lead storage battery, or the like. The battery 10 is charged by the power supplied through the charging circuit 20 and supplied with power to the load 11 connected to the battery 10 to be discharged.

充電回路２０は、電流センサ２１を介してバッテリ１０と接続されており、バッテリ１０に電力を供給する。例えば、充電回路２０は、車両に搭載されたオルタネータ、外部電源等と接続され、これらから供給される電力をバッテリ１０に供給する。電流センサ２１は、バッテリ１０の充放電に伴って流れる充放電電流を検出する。負荷１１は、例えば走行用のモータ等、バッテリ１０の電力で駆動されるものであり、システムメインリレーＳＭＲ２３を介してバッテリ１０と接続される。   The charging circuit 20 is connected to the battery 10 via the current sensor 21 and supplies power to the battery 10. For example, the charging circuit 20 is connected to an alternator mounted on a vehicle, an external power source, and the like, and supplies power supplied from these to the battery 10. The current sensor 21 detects a charge / discharge current flowing along with the charge / discharge of the battery 10. The load 11 is driven by the power of the battery 10, for example, a motor for traveling, and is connected to the battery 10 via the system main relay SMR23.

充電率算出装置３０は、電圧検出回路３２、均等化回路３４、記憶装置３８、制御装置４０を備えており、バッテリ１０と複数の検出ラインＬで接続されている。各検出ラインＬは、各単位電池Ｖの両端側（正極側及び負極側）に接続されている。検出ラインＬの各々には抵抗Ｒが設けられており、隣接する検出ラインＬ間にはキャパシタＣが接続されており、検出ラインＬごとにローパスフィルタ（ＲＣ回路）が設けられている。   The charging rate calculation device 30 includes a voltage detection circuit 32, an equalization circuit 34, a storage device 38, and a control device 40, and is connected to the battery 10 by a plurality of detection lines L. Each detection line L is connected to both end sides (positive electrode side and negative electrode side) of each unit battery V. Each of the detection lines L is provided with a resistor R, a capacitor C is connected between adjacent detection lines L, and a low pass filter (RC circuit) is provided for each detection line L.

電圧検出回路３２は、各単位電池Ｖの両側（正極側及び負極側）の検出ラインＬの電圧差から、単位電池Ｖごとの電圧を検出する。この際、抵抗Ｒはフィルタ用抵抗として用いられる。   The voltage detection circuit 32 detects a voltage for each unit battery V from the voltage difference between the detection lines L on both sides (positive and negative sides) of each unit battery V. At this time, the resistor R is used as a filter resistor.

均等化回路３４は、単位電池Ｖの各々に並列接続された複数のスイッチＳＷを備えており、スイッチＳＷがオンに切り替えられることで、当該スイッチＳＷに接続された単位電池Ｖを放電する。この際、抵抗Ｒは、電流制限用抵抗として用いられる。スイッチＳＷには、例えばＭＯＳＦＥＴ等の周知のスイッチング素子が用いられる。   The equalization circuit 34 includes a plurality of switches SW connected in parallel to each of the unit cells V, and discharges the unit cells V connected to the switch SW when the switch SW is switched on. At this time, the resistor R is used as a current limiting resistor. For the switch SW, for example, a known switching element such as a MOSFET is used.

記憶装置３８には、電圧検出回路３２により検出された電圧及び電流センサ２１により検出された電流、検出電流値に基づき算出した電流積算値、充電率（ＳＯＣ：State of Charge）等が記憶される。   The storage device 38 stores the voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit 32, the current detected by the current sensor 21, the current integration value calculated based on the detected current value, the state of charge (SOC), and the like. .

制御装置４０は、ＣＰＵ、ＲＯＭ、ＲＡＭ、書き換え可能なフラッシュメモリ等からなるマイクロコンピュータであって、各単位電池Ｖの検出電圧のばらつきを解消する均等化処理を行う均等化処理部４１、バッテリ１０のＳＯＣを算出するＳＯＣ算出部４２を備えている。   The control device 40 is a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a rewritable flash memory, and the like, and performs equalization processing to perform equalization processing for eliminating variations in detection voltage of each unit battery V, and the battery 10 An SOC calculation unit 42 that calculates the SOC of

制御装置４０は、ＲＯＭに記憶されたプログラムに従って、均等化処理、ＳＯＣ算出処理等の各処理を実施する他、電圧検出回路３２で検出された単位電池Ｖごとの検出電圧値からバッテリ１０の電圧を求める。また、電流センサ２１による検出電流値を用いて、電源システム１００のオン状態において、停止時を含む所定期間での充放電電流の積算値を算出する。   Control device 40 performs each processing such as equalization processing and SOC calculation processing according to the program stored in ROM, and also detects the voltage value of battery 10 from the detected voltage value for each unit battery V detected by voltage detection circuit 32. Ask for Further, using the current value detected by the current sensor 21, in the ON state of the power supply system 100, the integrated value of the charge and discharge current in a predetermined period including the stop time is calculated.

均等化処理部４１は、各単位電池Ｖの検出電圧に差がある場合に、スイッチＳＷのオンオフを切り替えるための指令信号を出力する。これにより、電圧の高い単位電池Ｖに並列接続されたスイッチＳＷをオンに切り替えることで、当該単位電池Ｖを放電させることで、単位電池Ｖごとの電圧のばらつきを解消し、バッテリ１０のセルバランスを整える。   The equalization processing unit 41 outputs a command signal for switching the on / off of the switch SW when there is a difference in the detection voltage of each unit battery V. Thereby, the switch SW connected in parallel to the unit battery V having a high voltage is turned on to discharge the unit battery V, thereby eliminating the variation in voltage among the unit batteries V, and the cell balance of the battery 10 Prepare the

ＳＯＣ算出部４２は、電源システム１００の起動時であってバッテリ１０の充放電の開始前にＳＯＣの初期値を算出する。バッテリ１０の充放電の開始後は、バッテリ１０の充放電電流に基づいて、ＳＯＣを逐次更新する。   The SOC calculation unit 42 calculates an initial value of the SOC at the start of the power supply system 100 and before the start of charging and discharging of the battery 10. After the start of charge and discharge of the battery 10, the SOC is successively updated based on the charge and discharge current of the battery 10.

詳しくは、ＳＯＣ算出部４２は、ＳＯＣの初期値の算出に際して、バッテリ１０の充放電の開始前に検出したバッテリ１０の電圧を、開放電圧（ＯＣＶ：Open Circuit Voltage）とみなす。なお、開放電圧とは、バッテリ１０に電流が流れていない状態での電圧である。そして、ＯＣＶとＳＯＣとの相関から、バッテリ１０の充放電の開始前におけるＳＯＣの初期値を算出する。   Specifically, when calculating the initial value of SOC, the SOC calculating unit 42 regards the voltage of the battery 10 detected before the start of charging / discharging of the battery 10 as an open circuit voltage (OCV: Open Circuit Voltage). The open circuit voltage is a voltage in a state where no current flows in the battery 10. Then, from the correlation between the OCV and the SOC, an initial value of the SOC before the start of charging and discharging of the battery 10 is calculated.

ところで電源システム１００の停止時を含む所定時間において、バッテリ１０の充電量（充電電流の積算値）が放電量（放電電流の積算値）を上回る充電過多の状態となると、バッテリ１０内部には正負極の活性物質内のＬｉ拡散、電解液中のＬｉ拡散に伴う分極が発生する。バッテリ１０内の分極は、バッテリ１０の充放電が行われない間に（電源システム１００の停止状態の間に）、時間の経過とともに緩和され、解消される。しかし電源システム１００の停止前の充電の状態によっては、分極電圧が解消されるまでに、数十時間から数日といった長時間を要する場合がある。   By the way, if the charge amount of battery 10 (the integrated value of charge current) exceeds the discharge amount (the integrated value of discharge current) in a predetermined time including the stop of power supply system 100, battery 10 is positively charged inside. Diffusion of Li in the active material of the negative electrode and polarization accompanied by diffusion of Li in the electrolytic solution occur. The polarization in the battery 10 is alleviated and eliminated with the passage of time while charging and discharging of the battery 10 are not performed (during the stop state of the power supply system 100). However, depending on the state of charge before the stop of the power supply system 100, it may take a long time, such as several tens of hours to several days, until the polarization voltage is eliminated.

電源システム１００の起動時点でバッテリ１０の分極が解消されていれば、電源システム１００の起動時点で検出されたバッテリ１０の電圧はＯＣＶに一致する。電源システム１００の起動時点でバッテリ１０の分極が解消されていなければ、起動時点で検出されたバッテリ１０の電圧は、ＯＣＶに分極電圧が重畳された値となる。この場合、バッテリ１０の電圧をＯＣＶとみなして算出されたＳＯＣの初期値に含まれる誤差が多くなる懸念がある。   If the polarization of the battery 10 is eliminated at the start of the power supply system 100, the voltage of the battery 10 detected at the start of the power supply system 100 matches the OCV. If the polarization of the battery 10 is not eliminated at the start of the power supply system 100, the voltage of the battery 10 detected at the start is a value in which the polarization voltage is superimposed on the OCV. In this case, there is a concern that the error included in the initial value of the SOC calculated by regarding the voltage of the battery 10 as the OCV may increase.

そこで、本実施形態の制御装置４０は、電源システム１００の停止時を含む所定時間においてバッテリ１０が充電過多の状態である際に、バッテリ１０の分極電圧を解消するための処理を実施する。すなわち、電源システム１００の停止後において、均等化処理部４１を用いて各単位電池Ｖの放電を所定時間実施する。詳しくは、各単位電池Ｖに並列接続された各スイッチＳＷをオンに切り替えて、各単位電池Ｖの放電を実施する。これにより、バッテリ１０（単位電池Ｖ）内の分極（分極電圧）の解消が早められるようにする。   Therefore, when the battery 10 is in a state of excessive charge in a predetermined time including the stop of the power supply system 100, the control device 40 of the present embodiment performs a process for eliminating the polarization voltage of the battery 10. That is, after the power supply system 100 is stopped, discharge of each unit cell V is performed for a predetermined time using the equalization processing unit 41. In detail, each switch SW connected in parallel to each unit battery V is switched on, and discharge of each unit battery V is implemented. Thereby, the cancellation of the polarization (polarization voltage) in the battery 10 (unit battery V) can be accelerated.

ここで、バッテリ１０の分極の解消に要する時間は、電源システム１００の停止前における充放電電流の積算値に応じて異なる。そこで、本実施形態では、電源システム１００の停止前に前記バッテリが充電過多の状態である場合に、充放電電流の積算値に基づいて、バッテリ１０を構成する各単位電池Ｖの放電を実施する際の電流値及び放電期間を決定する。   Here, the time required to eliminate the polarization of the battery 10 differs depending on the integrated value of the charge and discharge current before the power supply system 100 is stopped. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the battery is in a state of excessive charge before the stop of the power supply system 100, discharge of each unit battery V constituting the battery 10 is performed based on the integrated value of the charge and discharge current. Current value and discharge period.

詳しくは、電源システム１００の停止前の所定時間において、バッテリ１０の充電量が放電量を上回る充電過多の度合が高くなるほど、バッテリ１０の分極電圧が大きくなる傾向があるので、分極の解消に要する時間は長くなる。そこで、制御装置４０は、電源システム１００の停止前の所定時間における充放電電流の積算値に基づいて、充電過多の度合いが大きくなるほど、分極解消のための放電期間を長くするか、放電電流の大きさを増加させる、または、放電期間及び放電電流の両方を増加させる。例えば、電流値を十数ｍＡ、放電期間は数秒間〜数分間のオーダーで設定する。   More specifically, the polarization voltage of the battery 10 tends to increase as the degree of charge overcharging increases with the amount of charge of the battery 10 exceeding the amount of discharge during a predetermined time before the power supply system 100 is stopped. The time will be longer. Therefore, based on the integrated value of the charge and discharge current in the predetermined time before the power supply system 100 is stopped, the control device 40 lengthens the discharge period for polarization elimination or increases the degree of the discharge current as the degree of excessive charge increases. Increase the magnitude or increase both the discharge period and the discharge current. For example, the current value is set to a few tens of mA, and the discharge period is set in the order of several seconds to several minutes.

次に、制御装置４０が実施するＳＯＣ初期値の算出処理の手順について図２を用いて説明する。以下の処理は、図示を略す上位ＥＣＵが電源システム１００のオンオフを制御可能な状態で、所定周期で実施するものであり、図２では、処理手順の流れを時系列で示している。   Next, the procedure of the calculation process of the SOC initial value which the control apparatus 40 implements is demonstrated using FIG. The following processing is performed in a predetermined cycle in a state in which a host ECU (not shown) can control on / off of the power supply system 100, and FIG. 2 shows the flow of the processing procedure in time series.

なお、電源システム１００のオンオフは、充放電要求の有無に応じて切り替えられるとする。例えば、バッテリ１０と外部電源との接続状態で、外部電源の電力でバッテリ１０を充電するプラグイン充電が行われる際、バッテリ１０と外部電源との接続状態でバッテリ１０の充電が可能となる際（例えばバッテリ１０が満充電状態ではない場合）に、充電要求があるとして電源システム１００がオンとなる。一方、バッテリ１０の充電が不可の場合（例えばバッテリ１０が満充電状態の場合）には、充電要求がないとして電源システム１００はオフとなる。   The on / off of the power supply system 100 is assumed to be switched according to the presence or absence of the charge / discharge request. For example, when plug-in charging is performed to charge the battery 10 with power from the external power supply while the battery 10 is connected to the external power supply, charging of the battery 10 becomes possible with the battery 10 connected to the external power supply. If (for example, the battery 10 is not fully charged), the power supply system 100 is turned on, assuming that a charge request is made. On the other hand, when charging of the battery 10 is not possible (for example, when the battery 10 is fully charged), the power supply system 100 is turned off because there is no charge request.

また、電源システム１００が停止状態の際、電源システム１００が停止状態となってからの経過時間が図示を略すタイマ等で計測される。また、以下の処理に際して、電源システム１００の停止時におけるＳＯＣの最終値が第２ＳＯＣとして記憶される。更に、電源システム１００の停止後に、バッテリ１０の電圧を所定期間測定して得られたバッテリ電圧から開放端電圧を予測計算し、その開放電圧の予測値とＳＯＣとの相関関係から算出されたＳＯＣが第３ＳＯＣとして記憶される。   Further, when the power supply system 100 is in the stop state, the elapsed time after the power supply system 100 is in the stop state is measured by a timer or the like (not shown). Further, in the following processing, the final value of the SOC when the power supply system 100 is stopped is stored as a second SOC. Furthermore, after the power supply system 100 is stopped, the open end voltage is predicted and calculated from the battery voltage obtained by measuring the voltage of the battery 10 for a predetermined period, and the SOC calculated from the correlation between the predicted value of the open circuit voltage and the SOC. Is stored as the third SOC.

図２において、電源システム１００が停止状態（オフ）であるかを判定する（Ｓ１１）。否定判定した場合には、電源システム１００がオフと判定されるまでＳ１１の処理を繰り返す。Ｓ１１で電源システム１００がオフであると判定すると、電源システム１００の停止前が充電過多の状態であったか否かを判定する（Ｓ１２）。充電過多の状態であるか否かは記憶装置３８に記憶した電流積算値に基づき判定する。   In FIG. 2, it is determined whether the power supply system 100 is in the stop state (off) (S 11). If a negative determination is made, the process of S11 is repeated until it is determined that the power supply system 100 is off. If it is determined in S11 that the power supply system 100 is off, it is determined whether or not the state of the power supply system 100 was overcharged before the stop (S12). It is determined based on the current integration value stored in the storage device 38 whether or not the charging state is excessive.

Ｓ１２で充電過多であると判定した場合には、バッテリ１０の分極電圧を解消するための放電処理が未実施であるか否かを判定する（Ｓ１３）。Ｓ１３で放電処理が未実施であると判定した場合には、均等化回路３４によるバッテリ１０の放電処理を実施する（Ｓ１４）。この際、本実施形態では電源システム１００の停止時を含む所定時間での充電過多の度合いに応じて、スイッチＳＷをオンとする時間及び電流値を制御して、各単位電池Ｖの放電量を調整する。また本実施形態では、複数のスイッチＳＷの全てを一度にオンに切り替えることで、複数の単位電池Ｖの放電を一度に実施するとしている。Ｓ１４の実施後はＳ１５に進む。なおＳ１２及びＳ１３で否定判定した場合もＳ１５に進む。   If it is determined in S12 that the charge is excessive, it is determined whether the discharge process for eliminating the polarization voltage of the battery 10 has not been performed (S13). If it is determined in S13 that the discharging process has not been performed, the discharging process of the battery 10 by the equalizing circuit 34 is performed (S14). At this time, in the present embodiment, the amount of discharge of each unit battery V is controlled by controlling the time and current value for turning on the switch SW in accordance with the degree of overcharging in a predetermined time including the stop of the power supply system 100. adjust. Further, in the present embodiment, the plurality of unit cells V are discharged at one time by switching on all of the plurality of switches SW at one time. After the implementation of S14, the process proceeds to S15. If the negative determination is made in S12 and S13, the process also proceeds to S15.

Ｓ１５では、電源システム１００がオン状態（運転状態、稼働状態）であるか否かを判定する。すなわち、プラグイン充電が実施される際にバッテリ１０の充電が可能な状態の場合に、電源システム１００がオン状態であると判定される。Ｓ１５で否定判定した場合には、電源システム１００がオン状態であると判定されるまで、Ｓ１５の処理を繰り返す。Ｓ１５で電源システム１００がオン状態であると判定されると、ＯＣＶを取得する（Ｓ１６）。詳しくは、電圧検出回路３２で取得した単位電池Ｖの検出電圧値を用いてバッテリ１０の端子間電圧を算出し、その端子間電圧をＯＣＶとして取得する。   In S15, it is determined whether the power supply system 100 is in the on state (the operating state or the operating state). That is, it is determined that the power supply system 100 is in the on state when the battery 10 can be charged when the plug-in charge is performed. If a negative determination is made in S15, the process of S15 is repeated until it is determined that the power supply system 100 is in the on state. If it is determined in S15 that the power supply system 100 is in the on state, the OCV is acquired (S16). Specifically, the terminal voltage of the battery 10 is calculated using the detection voltage value of the unit battery V acquired by the voltage detection circuit 32, and the terminal voltage is acquired as the OCV.

そして、ＯＣＶとＳＯＣの相関関係を用いて、ＳＯＣ初期値を算出する（Ｓ１７）。次に、電源システム１００がオフとなってからの経過時間（ＯＦＦ時間）が所定時間よりも長いか否かを判定する（Ｓ１８）。なお所定時間は、ＯＣＶに基づき算出したＳＯＣが、第２ＳＯＣ及び第３ＳＯＣよりも小さくなる際の時間の閾値として予め設定されている。本実施形態では、バッテリ１０の開放電圧を早期にＯＣＶとすることができるため、所定時間はできるだけ短く設定することができ、ひいては、ＯＣＶに基づき算出したＳＯＣがＳＯＣ初期値として使用される機会を増やすことができる。   Then, the SOC initial value is calculated using the correlation between the OCV and the SOC (S17). Next, it is determined whether an elapsed time (OFF time) after the power supply system 100 is turned off is longer than a predetermined time (S18). In addition, predetermined time is preset as a threshold value of time when SOC calculated based on OCV becomes smaller than 2nd SOC and 3rd SOC. In the present embodiment, since the open circuit voltage of the battery 10 can be set to the OCV early, the predetermined time can be set as short as possible, and consequently, the opportunity for the SOC calculated based on the OCV to be used as the SOC initial value. It can be increased.

Ｓ１８で電源システム１００のＯＦＦ時間が所定時間よりも長いと判定した場合には、ＯＣＶに基づき算出したＳＯＣ初期値を、電源システム１００の起動時におけるＳＯＣの初期値として更新する（Ｓ１９）。Ｓ１８で電源システム１００のＯＦＦ時間が所定時間よりも短いと判定した場合には、第２ＳＯＣ又は第３ＳＯＣを、電源システム１００の起動時におけるＳＯＣの初期値として更新する（Ｓ２０）。   When it is determined in S18 that the OFF time of the power supply system 100 is longer than the predetermined time, the SOC initial value calculated based on the OCV is updated as the initial value of the SOC at the start of the power supply system 100 (S19). If it is determined in S18 that the OFF time of the power supply system 100 is shorter than the predetermined time, the second SOC or the third SOC is updated as an initial value of the SOC at the time of activation of the power supply system 100 (S20).

次に上記処理の実行例を図３を用いて説明する。なお以下では、バッテリ１０と外部電源とが接続された状態でプラグイン充電が実施されることにより、電源システム１００の停止前の所定時間Ｔにおいて、バッテリ１０が充電過多となっており、また電源システム１００のＯＦＦ時間が所定時間も長いと判定されることにより、ＯＣＶに基づき算出したＳＯＣの初期値が使用される例を説明する。   Next, an execution example of the above process will be described with reference to FIG. In the following, the plug-in charge is performed in a state where the battery 10 and the external power supply are connected, so that the battery 10 is overcharged in a predetermined time T before the power supply system 100 is stopped. An example will be described in which the initial value of SOC calculated based on the OCV is used by determining that the OFF time of the system 100 is also long for the predetermined time.

図３において、時刻ｔ１以前、充電回路２０を介してバッテリ１０と外部電源とが接続されることで、電源システム１００がオン状態となり、外部電源による充電でバッテリ１０が充電過多の状態となっている。   In FIG. 3, before time t1, battery 10 and the external power supply are connected via charging circuit 20, whereby power supply system 100 is turned on, and battery 10 is overcharged due to charging by the external power supply. There is.

時刻ｔ１でバッテリ１０の充電が終了し、電源システム１００が停止状態に移行すると、電源システム１００の停止時を含む所定時間Ｔにおいてバッテリ１０が充電過多の状態であると判定されることにより、バッテリ１０の分極電圧を解消するための放電処理が実施される。ここでは、各単位電池Ｖに接続された全スイッチＳＷがオンに切り替えられて、全単位電池Ｖの放電が所定時間実施される。これによりバッテリ１０内の分極電圧の解消が早められる。時刻ｔ２で放電処理が完了すると、全スイッチＳＷがオフに戻される。   When charging of battery 10 ends at time t1 and power supply system 100 shifts to a stop state, battery 10 is determined to be in a state of excessive charge for a predetermined time T including the time of stop of power supply system 100. A discharge process is performed to eliminate the polarization voltage of 10. Here, all switches SW connected to each unit cell V are switched on, and discharging of all unit cells V is performed for a predetermined time. Thereby, the elimination of the polarization voltage in the battery 10 can be accelerated. When the discharge process is completed at time t2, all the switches SW are turned back off.

その後、時刻ｔ３で、電源システム１００が停止状態からオン状態に切り替えられると、電源システム１００の停止前に取得されたＳＯＣがリセットされるとともに、バッテリ１０の端子間電圧をＯＣＶとみなして、ＯＣＶ−ＳＯＣの関係を用いて、ＯＣＶから求めたＳＯＣ初期値が算出される。この際、時刻ｔ１〜ｔ２でバッテリ１０を構成する各単位電池Ｖが放電されていることにより、バッテリ１０の分極電圧が解消する速度が早められている。そのため、ＯＣＶを用いてＳＯＣを精度よく算出できる。   Thereafter, when the power supply system 100 is switched from the stop state to the on state at time t3, the SOC acquired before the stop of the power supply system 100 is reset, and the voltage between terminals of the battery 10 is regarded as an OCV. The SOC initial value obtained from the OCV is calculated using the relationship of -SOC. At this time, since the unit cells V constituting the battery 10 are discharged at time t1 to t2, the speed at which the polarization voltage of the battery 10 disappears is accelerated. Therefore, the SOC can be accurately calculated using the OCV.

すなわち、図４において、バッテリ１０の放電を実施しない場合の端子間電圧の電圧波形Ａ、バッテリ１０の放電を実施した場合の端子間電圧の電圧波形Ｂとした場合、電源システム１００の停止後に、バッテリ１０を構成する単位電池Ｖの各々の放電を実施した場合の電圧波形Ｂの方が、バッテリ１０の分極電圧が早期に解消されることで、早期にＯＣＶに近づけられる。そのため、電源システム１００の停止後、次に電源システム１００が起動されるまでの停止時間が短い場合においても、バッテリ１０の端子間電圧をＯＣＶとして、ＳＯＣの初期値を精度よく算出できる。   That is, in FIG. 4, when the voltage waveform A of the voltage between terminals when the battery 10 is not discharged and the voltage waveform B of the voltage between terminals when the battery 10 is discharged, after the power supply system 100 is stopped, The voltage waveform B in the case where each of the unit cells V constituting the battery 10 is discharged can be brought closer to the OCV earlier because the polarization voltage of the battery 10 is eliminated earlier. Therefore, even when the stop time until the power supply system 100 is started next is short after the power supply system 100 is stopped, the initial value of the SOC can be accurately calculated with the inter-terminal voltage of the battery 10 as the OCV.

本発明によれば以下の優れた効果を奏することができる。   According to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be achieved.

・バッテリ１０を適正なＳＯＣの範囲で使用するためには現在のＳＯＣを精度よく算出することが求められる。現在のＳＯＣを精度よく算出するためには、電源システム１００の起動時に取得するＳＯＣ初期値の算出精度が高いことが求められる。ＳＯＣの算出方法として電源システム１００の起動時にバッテリ１０のＯＣＶからＳＯＣを算出する方法の精度が高いことが知られている。しかし、電源システム１００の停止直前において、バッテリ１０の充電量（充電電流）が放電量（放電電流）を上回る充電過多となる場合には、バッテリ１０内部に生じた分極の影響で、バッテリ電圧とＯＣＶとが不一致となり、このことがＳＯＣ初期値の算出精度に影響する場合がある。なおバッテリ１０の分極電圧が解消されるまでには時間を要し、電源システム１００が停止されてから、次回、電源システム１００が起動されるまでの時間（停止時間）が短くなるほど、バッテリ電圧とＯＣＶとが不一致となることによるＳＯＣ初期値の算出精度への影響が大きくなる。   In order to use the battery 10 in the appropriate SOC range, it is required to calculate the current SOC with high accuracy. In order to calculate the current SOC accurately, it is required that the calculation accuracy of the SOC initial value acquired when the power supply system 100 is started be high. It is known that the accuracy of the method of calculating the SOC from the OCV of the battery 10 when the power supply system 100 is started is high as a method of calculating the SOC. However, when the charge amount (charge current) of the battery 10 exceeds the discharge amount (discharge current) immediately before the power supply system 100 is stopped, the battery voltage may be increased due to the polarization generated in the battery 10. Mismatch with OCV may affect the calculation accuracy of the SOC initial value. Note that it takes time until the polarization voltage of battery 10 is eliminated, and as the time (stop time) from when power supply system 100 is stopped to when power supply system 100 is activated next time is shorter, The influence on the calculation accuracy of the SOC initial value due to the mismatch with the OCV becomes large.

そこで電源システム１００の停止前のオン状態でバッテリ１０が充電過多の状態である場合に、電源システム１００の停止後に、バッテリ１０を構成する複数の単位電池Ｖの放電を実施するようにした。この場合、バッテリ内部（各単位電池Ｖ）の分極電圧を早期に解消することができ、次回電源システムが起動されるまでの停止時間が短い場合においても、開放電圧を用いた充電率初期値の算出精度を向上できる。特に、分極解消が遅いオリビン型結晶構造の電極材料では、ＯＣＶからＳＯＣを算出できる機会が増えるため、より顕著な効果を奏することができる。   Therefore, when the battery 10 is in an overcharged state in the ON state before the power supply system 100 is stopped, the plurality of unit cells V constituting the battery 10 are discharged after the power supply system 100 is stopped. In this case, the polarization voltage inside the battery (each unit cell V) can be eliminated early, and the charge ratio initial value using the open circuit voltage can be obtained even when the stop time until the power supply system is started next is short. Calculation accuracy can be improved. In particular, in the electrode material of the olivine type crystal structure in which the depolarization is slow, the opportunity to calculate the SOC from the OCV is increased, so that a more remarkable effect can be exhibited.

・バッテリ１０内部の分極電圧は、バッテリ１０の充放電電流の積算値と相関がある。そこで電源システム１００の停止直前にバッテリ１０が充電過多である場合に、電源システム１００の停止直前におけるバッテリ１０の充放電電流の積算値に基づいて、電源システム１００の停止後に単位電池Ｖを放電する際の放電電流の大きさ又は放電期間が設定されるようにした。充放電電流の積算値に基づいて、電源システム１００の停止後に実施する放電の放電電流の大きさ又は放電期間を設定することで、バッテリ１０内部の分極電圧を解消する効果を高めることができる。   The polarization voltage inside the battery 10 is correlated with the integrated value of the charge and discharge current of the battery 10. Therefore, when the battery 10 is overcharged immediately before the stop of the power supply system 100, the unit battery V is discharged after the stop of the power supply system 100 based on the integrated value of the charge / discharge current of the battery 10 immediately before the stop of the power supply system 100. The magnitude of the discharge current or the discharge period was set. By setting the magnitude or discharge period of the discharge current to be performed after the power supply system 100 is stopped based on the integrated value of the charge and discharge current, the effect of eliminating the polarization voltage inside the battery 10 can be enhanced.

・バッテリ１０内部の分極は、電源システム１００の停止時を含む所定期間での充放電電流の積算値による影響が大きい。そこで電源システム１００の停止時を含む所定期間でバッテリ１０が充電過多の状態となる場合、当該所定期間におけるバッテリ１０の充放電電流の積算値に基づいて、電源システム１００の停止後に実施する放電電流の大きさ及び放電期間の少なくとも一方を設定するようにした。この場合、バッテリ１０の分極電圧への影響が大きい電源システム１００の停止直前における充放電電流に基づき放電処理を実施できる。また、均等化回路３４により放電処理を実施することで、任意の単位電池Ｖに対して、低電流の放電が可能である。また、システムメインリレーＳＭＲ２３をＯＮ、すなわち、負荷１１側に電流を流すことなく放電処理を実施でき、電源システム１００内で処置可能である。   The polarization in the battery 10 is largely influenced by the integrated value of the charge and discharge current in a predetermined period including the time of stopping the power supply system 100. Therefore, when battery 10 is in a state of excessive charge in a predetermined period including the stop of power supply system 100, a discharge current to be performed after stop of power supply system 100 based on the integrated value of the charge / discharge current of battery 10 in the predetermined period. At least one of the size and the discharge period. In this case, the discharge process can be performed based on the charge / discharge current immediately before the stop of the power supply system 100 that has a large influence on the polarization voltage of the battery 10. In addition, by performing the discharge process by the equalizing circuit 34, it is possible to discharge a low current to any unit cell V. In addition, the system main relay SMR 23 can be turned on, that is, the discharge process can be performed without flowing a current to the load 11 side, and the process can be performed in the power supply system 100.

・分極電圧を解消するために、電源システム１００の停止後に全単位電池Ｖの放電を一度に実施する場合、複数の単位電池Ｖの各々における分極電圧を一度に解消することができる。   In the case where discharge of all unit cells V is performed at one time after the power supply system 100 is stopped in order to eliminate the polarization voltage, the polarization voltage in each of the plurality of unit cells V can be eliminated at one time.

・電源システム１００のオン状態でバッテリ１０を外部電源で充電するプラグイン充電が実施された際に、均等化回路３４を用いた単位電池Ｖの放電を実施するようにした。この場合、プラグイン充電によりバッテリ１０が充電過多の状態となった場合におけるバッテリ１０の分極電圧の解消を促すことができ、ひいてはＯＣＶを用いたＳＯＣ期値の算出精度を向上できる。   -When the plug-in charge which charges the battery 10 with an external power supply is implemented in the ON state of the power supply system 100, discharge of the unit battery V using the equalization circuit 34 is performed. In this case, it is possible to urge cancellation of the polarization voltage of the battery 10 when the battery 10 is in the overcharged state by plug-in charging, and in turn, the calculation accuracy of the SOC term value using the OCV can be improved.

・電源システム１００のオン状態で回生充電が実施されることによって、電源システム１００の停止前にバッテリ１０が充電過多の状態となった際に、均等化回路３４を用いた単位電池Ｖの放電を実施するようにした。この場合、回生充電の実施で生じたバッテリ１０の分極電圧の解消を促すことができ、ひいては開放端電圧を用いた充電率初期値の算出精度を向上できる。   The discharge of the unit battery V using the equalization circuit 34 is performed when the battery 10 becomes overcharged before the power supply system 100 is stopped by performing regenerative charging while the power supply system 100 is on. It was made to carry out. In this case, it is possible to promote the elimination of the polarization voltage of the battery 10 generated by the implementation of the regenerative charging, and consequently, it is possible to improve the calculation accuracy of the charging rate initial value using the open end voltage.

本発明は、上記実施形態の記載内容に限定されず、次のように実施されてもよい。   The present invention is not limited to the contents described in the above embodiment, and may be implemented as follows.

・上記では、Ｓ１２で前回電源システム１００の停止前の所定期間が充電過多である場合には、Ｓ１４で充電過多の度合いに応じて単位電池Ｖの放電時間を決定している。これ以外にも、Ｓ１４における単位電池Ｖの放電時間は、充電過多の度合いに関わらず一定（固定値）であってもよい。   In the above, when the predetermined period before the stop of the power supply system 100 in the previous time in S12 is overcharged, the discharge time of the unit battery V is determined in accordance with the degree of overcharging in S14. Besides this, the discharge time of the unit battery V in S14 may be constant (fixed value) regardless of the degree of overcharge.

・上記のＳ１４において、放電処理は、全単位電池Ｖに対して一括で実施する他、複数の単位電池Ｖの各々に対して個別に実施してもよい。なお、複数の単位電池Ｖの各々の放電を個別に実施する場合、１トリップにおいて全単位電池Ｖの放電が個別に実施されるようにする。   In the above-described S14, the discharge process may be performed collectively for all unit cells V, or separately for each of a plurality of unit cells V. When the discharge of each of the plurality of unit cells V is performed individually, the discharge of all the unit cells V is performed separately in one trip.

・前回の電源システム１００の停止時における第２ＳＯＣに応じて、バッテリ１０の活物質内のリチウム濃度が異なり、活物質内の導電率が異なる。そのため、バッテリ１０の分極の解消に要する時間は、前回の電源システム１００の停止時における第２ＳＯＣに応じて異なる。そこで前回の電源システム１００の停止時におけるＳＯＣに応じて、バッテリ１０の分極解消のための放電の実施期間等を変化させてもよい。   The lithium concentration in the active material of the battery 10 differs according to the second SOC at the time of the previous stop of the power supply system 100, and the conductivity in the active material differs. Therefore, the time required to eliminate the polarization of the battery 10 differs depending on the second SOC at the time of the previous stop of the power supply system 100. Therefore, the implementation period or the like of the discharge for eliminating the polarization of the battery 10 may be changed according to the SOC at the time of the previous stop of the power supply system 100.

・上記のＳ１６でＯＣＶを算出する前に、バッテリ１０の電圧がＯＣＶであるか否かを判定してもよい。例えば、ＯＣＶを算出する際におけるバッテリ１０の電圧の変化量（減少量）が所定未満に小さい場合に、バッテリ１０の電圧がＯＣＶであるとして、Ｓ１６でＯＣＶを取得して、Ｓ１７でＯＣＶ−ＳＯＣ特性に基づき、ＳＯＣ初期値を算出する。なおこの場合にも、電源システム１００の停止時におけるＳＯＣの最終値を第２ＳＯＣとして取得する。また電源システム１００の停止後に、所定の期間、バッテリ１０の電圧を測定した得られたバッテリ電圧から開放電圧を予測計算して第３ＳＯＣとして算出する。そして、Ｓ１６でＯＣＶを算出する前に、バッテリ１０の開放端電圧がＯＣＶではないと判定した場合には、第２，第３のＳＯＣのうちのいずれかをＳＯＣの初期値として選択する。   Before the OCV is calculated in S16, it may be determined whether the voltage of the battery 10 is the OCV. For example, when the amount of change (decrease) in the voltage of the battery 10 at the time of calculating the OCV is smaller than a predetermined value, the OCV is acquired in S16 assuming that the voltage of the battery 10 is OCV, and OCV-SOC in S17. Based on the characteristics, the SOC initial value is calculated. Also in this case, the final value of the SOC when the power supply system 100 is stopped is acquired as the second SOC. Further, after the power supply system 100 is stopped, the open circuit voltage is predicted and calculated as the third SOC from the obtained battery voltage obtained by measuring the voltage of the battery 10 for a predetermined period. Then, if it is determined that the open end voltage of the battery 10 is not OCV before calculating the OCV in S16, one of the second and third SOCs is selected as the initial value of the SOC.

・上記において、電源システム１００のＯＦＦ時間と所定時間との比較の処理と、ＯＣＶ取得及びＳＯＣ初期値演算の処理の順番は逆であってもよい。すなわち図５の変容例のフローチャートに示されるように、ＯＣＶの算出（Ｓ１６）及びＳＯＣ初期値算出（Ｓ１７）の処理を実施する前に、電源システム１００のＯＦＦ時間が所定時間よりも大きいか否か（Ｓ１８）の判定処理を実施してもよい。なお、図５において、Ｓ１８以前の処理は、図２のＳ１１〜Ｓ１５の処理と同じである。   In the above, the order of the process of comparing the OFF time of the power supply system 100 with the predetermined time and the process of OCV acquisition and SOC initial value calculation may be reversed. That is, as shown in the flowchart of the modified example of FIG. 5, before performing the processing of calculation of OCV (S16) and SOC initial value calculation (S17), whether or not the OFF time of the power supply system 100 is larger than a predetermined time The determination process of (S18) may be performed. In addition, in FIG. 5, the process before S18 is the same as the process of S11-S15 of FIG.

・上記では、分極電圧を解消するために、電源システム１００の停止直後に放電を実施しているが、電源システム１００の停止時から所定時間経過後に放電を実施してもよい。また、分極電圧を解消するための放電は、１トリップにおいて、単位電池毎に少なくとも１回実施されればよく、単位電池毎に複数回実施されてもよい。また、単位電池毎の充電状態に応じて単位電池毎の放電回数が異なる回数に設定されてもよい。これらの場合、放電処理によって逆極性の分極が生じないように各単位電池Ｖの放電量が調整されればよい。   In the above description, the discharge is performed immediately after the power supply system 100 is stopped in order to eliminate the polarization voltage. However, the discharge may be performed after a predetermined time has elapsed since the power supply system 100 was stopped. Further, the discharge for eliminating the polarization voltage may be performed at least once for each unit cell in one trip, and may be performed a plurality of times for each unit cell. Further, the number of times of discharge for each unit battery may be set to a different number according to the charge state of each unit battery. In these cases, the discharge amount of each unit cell V may be adjusted so that the reverse polarity polarization does not occur by the discharge process.

１０…バッテリ、３４…均等化回路、４０…制御装置、４１…均等化処理部、４２…ＳＯＣ算出部、１００…電源システム。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Battery, 34 ... Equalization circuit, 40 ... Control apparatus, 41 ... Equalization process part, 42 ... SOC calculation part, 100 ... Power supply system.

Claims (8)

複数の単位電池（Ｖ）の直列接続体として構成されたバッテリ（１０）を含む電源システム（１００）において前記バッテリの充電率を算出する充電率算出装置であって、
前記電源システムのオン状態で、前記バッテリの充放電の開始前に該バッテリの開放電圧を検出し、当該開放電圧と充電率との相関から充電率の初期値を算出する初期値算出手段（４２）と、
前記単位電池を放電させて前記複数の単位電池の電圧を均等化する均等化手段（３４、４１）と、
前記電源システムの停止前のオン状態で前記バッテリが充電過多の状態であった場合に、前記電源システムの停止後に、前記均等化手段により全ての前記単位電池の放電を実施する放電手段（４０）と、
を備えることを特徴とする充電率算出装置。 A charging rate calculation device for calculating a charging rate of a battery (10) in a power supply system (100) including a battery (10) configured as a series connection of a plurality of unit cells (V),
Initial value calculation means for detecting the open voltage of the battery before the start of charging and discharging of the battery in the on state of the power supply system, and calculating the initial value of the charging rate from the correlation between the open voltage and the charging rate )When,
Equalization means (34, 41) for discharging the unit cells to equalize the voltages of the plurality of unit cells;
Discharge means (40) for performing discharge of all the unit cells by the equalizing means after stopping the power supply system when the battery is overcharged in the on state before stopping the power supply system. When,
A charge rate calculation device comprising: 前記放電手段は、前記電源システムの停止前に前記バッテリが充電過多の状態である場合に、前記電源システムの停止時を含む所定期間での前記バッテリの充放電電流の積算値に基づいて、前記均等化手段により前記単位電池を放電する際の放電電流の大きさ及び放電期間のうち少なくとも一方を設定する請求項１に記載の充電率算出装置。 Said discharging means, when the battery before stop of the power supply system is in a state of charge excess, based on the integrated value of the charge and discharge current of the battery at a predetermined period including a time stop of the power supply system, The charge ratio calculation device according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the magnitude of the discharge current and the discharge period at the time of discharging the unit cell is set by the equalizing means. 前記放電手段は、前記電源システムの停止前に充電電流が放電電流を上回る場合に、前記均等化手段による前記単位電池の放電を実施する請求項１又は２に記載の充電率算出装置。 Said discharge means, wherein when the charging current before stopping the power supply system is above the discharge current, the charging rate calculating apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 carried the discharge of the unit cell by the equalizing means. 前記放電手段は、前記電源システムのオン状態で前記バッテリを外部電源で充電するプラグイン充電が実施された際に、前記均等化手段を用いた前記単位電池の放電を実施する請求項１乃至３のいずれか１項に記載の充電率算出装置。 It said discharge means, when the plug-in charge to charge the battery with an external power supply in the on state of the power supply system is implemented, according to claim 1 to 3, implementing discharge of the unit cell using the equalizing means The charging rate calculation device according to any one of the above. 前記放電手段は、前記電源システムのオン状態で実施された回生充電によって、前記電源システムの停止前に前記バッテリが充電過多の状態となった場合に、前記均等化手段を用いた放電を実施する請求項１乃至４のいずれか１項に記載の充電率算出装置。 The discharging means performs discharging using the equalizing means when the battery becomes overcharged before the power supply system is stopped by regenerative charging performed in the on state of the power supply system. The charging rate calculation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . 前記電源システムは、充放電要求の有無に応じてオン状態と停止状態とが切り替えられる請求項１乃至５のいずれか１項に記載の充電率算出装置。 The charge ratio calculation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the power supply system is switched between an on state and a stop state according to the presence or absence of a charge / discharge request. 前記放電手段は、前記均等化手段による全ての前記単位電池の放電を、一度に実施する請求項１乃至６のいずれか１項に記載の充電率算出装置。 The charging rate calculation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the discharging means performs discharging of all the unit cells by the equalizing means at one time . 前記放電手段は、前記均等化手段による全ての前記単位電池の放電を、前記単位電池毎に少なくとも一回実施する請求項１乃至６のいずれか１項に記載の充電率算出装置。 The charging rate calculation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the discharging unit discharges all the unit cells by the equalizing unit at least once for each unit cell .
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