JP6497119B2 - Control device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Control device for internal combustion engine Download PDF

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JP6497119B2
JP6497119B2 JP2015033685A JP2015033685A JP6497119B2 JP 6497119 B2 JP6497119 B2 JP 6497119B2 JP 2015033685 A JP2015033685 A JP 2015033685A JP 2015033685 A JP2015033685 A JP 2015033685A JP 6497119 B2 JP6497119 B2 JP 6497119B2
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益廣 森本
益廣 森本
徹 水城
徹 水城
智之 上條
智之 上條
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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Description

本発明は、内燃機関の制御装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a control device for an internal combustion engine.

従来、例えば、特許文献1に開示されているように、エンジンから排出される排気ガス中のNOx量(以下、エンジン排出NOx量)を、吸入空気量、吸気温度、吸気圧力、空燃比、EGR率等に基づいて推定する技術が知られている。   Conventionally, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the amount of NOx in exhaust gas exhausted from the engine (hereinafter referred to as engine exhaust NOx amount) is calculated as intake air amount, intake air temperature, intake air pressure, air-fuel ratio, EGR. A technique for estimating based on a rate or the like is known.

エンジン排出NOx量を高精度に推定することができれば、大気に放出されるNOx量が規制値等の許容を超えないようにエンジンの燃焼を制御することが可能となる。このため、上述の技術等を用いてエンジン排出NOx量を推定することは、排気エミッション性能を向上するうえで有効と考えられる。   If the engine exhaust NOx amount can be estimated with high accuracy, it is possible to control the combustion of the engine so that the NOx amount released to the atmosphere does not exceed the allowable value such as a regulation value. For this reason, it is considered that estimating the engine exhaust NOx amount by using the above-described technique or the like is effective in improving the exhaust emission performance.

特開2002−195071号公報JP 2002-195071 A

ところで、一般的に、エンジンの燃料噴射量や燃料噴射タイミングは、NOx触媒が未活性状態の触媒低温時を基準に、大気に放出されるNOx量が規制値等の許容範囲内に収まるようにコントロールされている。   By the way, in general, the fuel injection amount and fuel injection timing of the engine are set so that the NOx amount released to the atmosphere falls within an allowable range such as a regulation value with reference to the low temperature of the catalyst when the NOx catalyst is in an inactive state. Controlled.

このような触媒低温時を基準にした燃焼制御を、NOx触媒が活性状態の場合も継続して実施すると、触媒のNOx浄化能力に余力があるにも関わらず、触媒に対する燃料噴射量が少ないままとなり、触媒効率が悪いものとなる。一方、触媒効率を上げるため単に燃料噴射量を増加したのみでは、排気エミッションが増加するとともに、燃料噴射量の増加によって燃費の悪化を招く課題がある。 If such combustion control based on the low temperature of the catalyst is continuously performed even when the NOx catalyst is in an active state, the fuel injection amount to the catalyst remains small despite the remaining capacity of the catalyst for NOx purification. Thus, the catalyst efficiency is poor. On the other hand, merely increasing the fuel injection amount in order to increase the catalyst efficiency increases the exhaust emission, and there is a problem in that the fuel consumption deteriorates due to the increase in the fuel injection amount.

開示の制御装置は、排気エミッション性能を効果的に維持しつつ、エンジンの燃費性能を確実に向上せることを目的とする。   It is an object of the disclosed control device to reliably improve the fuel efficiency of the engine while effectively maintaining the exhaust emission performance.

開示の制御装置は、排気通路に排気中のNOxを浄化するNOx触媒を備える内燃機関の制御装置であって、前記NOx触媒の温度を取得する触媒温度取得手段と、前記触媒温度取得手段から入力される前記NOx触媒の温度に基づいて、前記NOx触媒が活性状態にあるか否かを判定する触媒活性判定手段と、前記触媒活性判定手段によって前記NOx触媒が活性状態にあると判定された場合に、前記内燃機関のインジェクタのメイン噴射タイミングを所定量リタードさせるリタード噴射制御手段と、を備える。   The disclosed control device is a control device for an internal combustion engine including a NOx catalyst for purifying NOx in exhaust gas in an exhaust passage, and is input from a catalyst temperature acquisition unit that acquires the temperature of the NOx catalyst, and the catalyst temperature acquisition unit A catalyst activity determining means for determining whether or not the NOx catalyst is in an active state based on a temperature of the NOx catalyst to be determined, and a case in which the NOx catalyst is determined to be in an active state by the catalyst activity determining means And a retard injection control means for retarding the main injection timing of the injector of the internal combustion engine by a predetermined amount.

また、前記内燃機関の運転状態に基づいて当該内燃機関から排出されるNOx量を推定するNOx排出量推定手段と、前記触媒活性判定手段によって前記NOx触媒が活性状態にあると判定された場合に、前記触媒温度取得手段から入力される前記NOx触媒の温度と、前記NOx排出量推定手段から入力されるNOx量とに基づいて、前記NOx触媒のNOx浄化余力を推定するNOx浄化余力推定手段と、をさらに備え、前記リタード噴射制御手段は、前記NOx触媒から大気に放出される排気中の所定の目標NOx排出量と、前記NO浄化余力推定手段から入力される前記NOx触媒のNOx浄化余力とに基づいて、前記インジェクタのメイン噴射タイミングのリタード量を設定するものでもよい。   Further, when the NOx emission amount estimating means for estimating the NOx amount discharged from the internal combustion engine based on the operating state of the internal combustion engine and the catalyst activity determining means are determined to be in the active state. NOx purification remaining capacity estimating means for estimating the NOx purification remaining capacity of the NOx catalyst based on the temperature of the NOx catalyst inputted from the catalyst temperature acquisition means and the NOx amount inputted from the NOx emission amount estimating means; The retard injection control means includes a predetermined target NOx emission amount in the exhaust discharged from the NOx catalyst to the atmosphere, and a NOx purification surplus capacity of the NOx catalyst input from the NO purification surplus capacity estimation means. The retard amount of the main injection timing of the injector may be set based on the above.

開示の制御装置によれば、排気エミッション性能を効果的に維持しつつ、エンジンの燃費性能を確実に向上せることができる。   According to the disclosed control device, it is possible to reliably improve the fuel consumption performance of the engine while effectively maintaining the exhaust emission performance.

本発明の一実施形態に係る内燃機関及び、排気系の一部を示す模式的な全体構成図である。1 is a schematic overall configuration diagram showing a part of an internal combustion engine and an exhaust system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る電子制御ユニットを示す機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram which shows the electronic control unit which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係るリタード噴射制御の処理内容を説明するフローチャート図である。It is a flowchart figure explaining the processing content of retard injection control concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係るリタード噴射制御によるメイン噴射時期のリタード量を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the retard amount of the main injection timing by the retard injection control which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

以下、添付図面に基づいて、本発明の一実施形態に係る内燃機関の制御装置を説明する。同一の部品には同一の符号を付してあり、それらの名称および機能も同じである。したがって、それらについての詳細な説明は繰返さない。   Hereinafter, a control device for an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

図1は、本実施形態のディーゼルエンジン(以下、単にエンジンという)10及び、その排気系の一部を示す全体構成図である。   FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a diesel engine (hereinafter simply referred to as an engine) 10 of this embodiment and a part of its exhaust system.

エンジン10の各気筒には、図示しない燃料ポンプによって加圧されてコモンレール11内に蓄圧された高圧燃料を各気筒内に直接噴射する筒内インジェクタ12がそれぞれ設けられている。筒内インジェクタ12の燃料噴射量や噴射タイミングは、電子制御ユニット(以下、ECU)40によってコントロールされる。   Each cylinder of the engine 10 is provided with an in-cylinder injector 12 that directly injects high-pressure fuel pressurized by a fuel pump (not shown) and accumulated in the common rail 11 into each cylinder. The fuel injection amount and injection timing of the in-cylinder injector 12 are controlled by an electronic control unit (hereinafter, ECU) 40.

エンジン10の排気マニホールド13には、排気通路14が接続されている。この排気通路14には、排気上流側から順に、排気温度センサ15、排気中の窒素酸化物(NOx)を無害な物質に還元浄化するNOx触媒16等が設けられている。   An exhaust passage 14 is connected to the exhaust manifold 13 of the engine 10. In this exhaust passage 14, an exhaust temperature sensor 15, a NOx catalyst 16 that reduces and purifies nitrogen oxide (NOx) in the exhaust to a harmless substance, and the like are provided in order from the exhaust upstream side.

ECU40は、エンジン10の各種制御を行うもので、公知のCPUやROM、RAM、入力ポート、出力ポート等を備え構成されている。この各種制御を行うために、ECU40には、エンジン回転数センサ17、アクセル開度センサ18、排気温度センサ15、外気温度センサ19等の各種センサ値が入力される。   The ECU 40 performs various controls of the engine 10 and includes a known CPU, ROM, RAM, input port, output port, and the like. In order to perform these various controls, various sensor values such as the engine speed sensor 17, the accelerator opening sensor 18, the exhaust temperature sensor 15, and the outside air temperature sensor 19 are input to the ECU 40.

また、ECU40は、図2に示すように、NOx触媒温度推定部41と、エンジン排出NOx量推定部42と、NOx触媒活性判定部43と、リタード噴射制御部44とを一部の機能要素として有する。これらの各機能要素は、本実施形態では一体のハードウェアであるECU40に含まれるものとして説明するが、これらのいずれか一部を別体のハードウェアに設けることもできる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the ECU 40 includes a NOx catalyst temperature estimation unit 41, an engine exhaust NOx amount estimation unit 42, a NOx catalyst activity determination unit 43, and a retard injection control unit 44 as some functional elements. Have. In the present embodiment, each of these functional elements is described as being included in the ECU 40, which is an integral piece of hardware. However, any one of these functional elements may be provided in separate hardware.

NOx触媒温度推定部41は、排気温度センサ15から入力されるNOx触媒16の入り口温度、外気への放熱量等に基づいて、NOx触媒16の触媒温度Tを推定する。 NOx catalyst temperature estimating unit 41, the inlet temperature of the NOx catalyst 16 is input from the exhaust temperature sensor 15, based on the heat radiation amount of the outside air, to estimate the catalyst temperature T C of the NOx catalyst 16.

エンジン排出NOx量推定部42は、エンジン10の運転状態に基づいて、エンジン10から排出される排気ガス中のNOx量(以下、エンジン排出NOx量ENOx_OUTという)を推定する。より詳しくは、ECU40のメモリには、予め作成したエンジン回転数Ne及び、燃料噴射量Qに基づいて参照されるエンジン排出NOx量マップ(不図示)が記憶されている。エンジン排出NOx量ENOx_OUTは、このエンジン排出NOx量マップから、エンジン回転数センサ17及びアクセル開度センサ18のセンサ値に応じた値を読み取ることで推定される。 The engine exhaust NOx amount estimation unit 42 estimates the NOx amount in the exhaust gas exhausted from the engine 10 (hereinafter referred to as engine exhaust NOx amount E NOx_OUT ) based on the operating state of the engine 10. More specifically, a memory of the ECU 40 stores an engine exhaust NOx amount map (not shown) that is referred to based on the engine speed Ne and the fuel injection amount Q created in advance. The engine exhaust NOx amount E NOx_OUT is estimated by reading values corresponding to the sensor values of the engine speed sensor 17 and the accelerator opening sensor 18 from the engine exhaust NOx amount map.

NOx触媒活性判定部43は、NOx触媒16が活性状態にあるか否かを判定する。NOx触媒16が活性状態にあるか否かは、例えば、NOx触媒温度推定部41から入力される触媒温度TやNOx触媒16への還元剤の供給状態等に基づいて判定すればよい。 The NOx catalyst activity determination unit 43 determines whether or not the NOx catalyst 16 is in an active state. Whether the NOx catalyst 16 is in the activated state, for example, it may be determined on the basis of the catalyst temperature T C and the supply state of the reducing agent to the NOx catalyst 16 or the like inputted from the NOx catalyst temperature estimating unit 41.

リタード噴射制御部44は、NOx触媒活性判定部42によってNOx触媒16が活性状態と判定された場合に、筒内インジェクタ12のメイン噴射タイミングを圧縮上死点近傍から所定量ほどリタード(遅角)させるリタード噴射制御を実施する。   The retard injection control unit 44 retards the main injection timing of the in-cylinder injector 12 by a predetermined amount from the vicinity of the compression top dead center when the NOx catalyst activation determination unit 42 determines that the NOx catalyst 16 is in the active state. The retard injection control is performed.

より詳しくは、ECU40には、NOx触媒16から流れ出て大気に放出される排気ガス中に含まれる目標NOx排出量TNOx_OUTが予め記憶されている。この目標NOx排出量TNOx_OUTは、例えば、排気ガス規制値等を基準に設定されている。 More specifically, the ECU 40 stores in advance the target NOx emission amount TNOx_OUT contained in the exhaust gas flowing out from the NOx catalyst 16 and released into the atmosphere. The target NOx emission amount TNOx_OUT is set based on, for example, an exhaust gas regulation value.

リタード噴射制御部44は、図3のステップS100に示すように、NOx触媒16がNOx触媒活性判定部43によって活性状態と判定されると、エンジン排出NOx量推定部42から入力されるエンジン排出NOx量ENOx_OUT及び、NOx触媒温度推定部41から入力される触媒温度Tに基づいて、目標NOx量TNOx_OUTに対するNOx触媒16の現在のNOx浄化余力PurNOx_CAPを推定する(ステップS110参照)。 When the NOx catalyst 16 is determined to be in the active state by the NOx catalyst activation determining unit 43 as shown in step S100 of FIG. 3, the retard injection control unit 44 receives the engine exhaust NOx input from the engine exhaust NOx amount estimating unit 42. the amount E NOx_OUT and, based on the catalyst temperature T C which is input from the NOx catalyst temperature estimating unit 41 estimates the current NOx purification available capacity Pur NOx_CAP the NOx catalyst 16 to the target NOx quantity T NOx_OUT (see step S110).

さらに、予め実験等により作成したNOx浄化余力PurNOx_CAPと、メイン噴射タイミングのリタード量との関係を規定するリタード量設定マップ(不図示)から目標リタード量QTag_Retを設定する(ステップS120参照)。 Furthermore, a target retard amount Q Tag_Ret is set from a retard amount setting map (not shown) that defines the relationship between the NOx purification remaining power Pur NOx_CAP created in advance through experiments or the like and the retard amount at the main injection timing (see step S120).

そして、設定した目標リタード量QTag_Retに応じて、筒内インジェクタ16のメイン噴射タイミングをリタードさせることで(図4参照)、エンジン10の燃焼を緩慢にさせる。 Then, by retarding the main injection timing of the in-cylinder injector 16 according to the set target retard amount Q Tag_Ret (see FIG. 4), the combustion of the engine 10 is made slow.

すなわち、NOx触媒16が活性状態にあれば、大気に放出されるNOx量を目標NOx排出量TNOx_OUTに維持しつつ、NOx浄化余力PurNOx_CAPに応じてメイン噴射タイミングをリタードさせるようになっている。 That is, if the NOx catalyst 16 is in the active state, the main injection timing is retarded according to the NOx purification remaining capacity Pur NOx_CAP while maintaining the NOx amount released to the atmosphere at the target NOx emission amount TNOx_OUT . .

これにより、NOx触媒16のNOx浄化能力に余力がある活性状態の時は、燃料噴射量を増大した場合であっても、NOx浄化余力に応じてメイン噴射タイミングリタードさせることによって燃焼を緩慢にすることで、排気エミッションを低下でき、かつその低下分をNOx触媒16の浄化余力で効果的に吸収しつつ、燃料噴射量の減少によって燃費性能を確実に向上することが可能になる。 Thus, when in the active state in which there is a margin in the NOx purifying ability of the NOx catalyst 16, even when the increased amount of fuel injection, the main injection timing in accordance with the NOx purification available capacity slowly combustion by retarding by, can reduce exhaust emissions, while effectively absorbing the decrease amount of Katsuso in purification available capacity of the NOx catalyst 16, it is possible to reliably improve fuel efficiency by reducing the fuel injection amount.

なお、本発明は、上述の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、適宜変形して実施することが可能である。   In addition, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention, it can change suitably and can implement.

例えば、エンジン10はディーゼルエンジンに限定されず、ガソリンエンジン等の他のエンジンにも適用することが可能である。   For example, the engine 10 is not limited to a diesel engine, but can be applied to other engines such as a gasoline engine.

10 エンジン、11 コモンレール、12 筒内インジェクタ、13 排気マニホールド、14 排気通路、15 排気温度センサ、16 NOx触媒、17 エンジン回転数センサ、18 アクセル開度センサ、40 ECU、41 NOx触媒温度推定部、42 エンジン排出NOx量推定部、43 NOx触媒活性判定部、44 リタード噴射制御部   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Engine, 11 Common rail, 12 In-cylinder injector, 13 Exhaust manifold, 14 Exhaust passage, 15 Exhaust temperature sensor, 16 NOx catalyst, 17 Engine speed sensor, 18 Accelerator opening sensor, 40 ECU, 41 NOx catalyst temperature estimation part, 42 engine exhaust NOx amount estimation unit, 43 NOx catalyst activity determination unit, 44 retard injection control unit

Claims (1)

排気通路に排気中のNOxを浄化するNOx触媒を備える内燃機関の制御装置であって、
前記NOx触媒の温度を取得する触媒温度取得手段と、
前記触媒温度取得手段から入力される前記NOx触媒の温度に基づいて、前記NOx触媒が活性状態にあるか否かを判定する触媒活性判定手段と、
前記内燃機関の運転状態に基づいて当該内燃機関から排出されるNOx量を推定するNOx排出量推定手段と、
前記触媒活性判定手段によって前記NOx触媒が活性状態にあると判定された場合に、前記触媒温度取得手段から入力される前記NOx触媒の温度と、前記NOx排出量推定手段から入力されるNOx量とに基づいて、排気ガス規制値を基準とした前記NOx触媒から大気に放出される排気中に含まれる目標NOx排出量に対する前記NOx触媒の現在のNOx浄化余力を推定するNOx浄化余力推定手段と、
前記触媒活性判定手段によって前記NOx触媒が活性状態にあると判定された場合に、推定される前記NOx浄化余力と前記内燃機関の筒内インジェクタのメイン噴射タイミングのリタード量との関係に基づいて、前記筒内インジェクタのメイン噴射タイミングを圧縮上死点から該圧縮上死点と膨張下死点との間までリタードさせるリタード噴射制御手段と、を備える
内燃機関の制御装置。
An internal combustion engine control device comprising a NOx catalyst for purifying NOx in exhaust gas in an exhaust passage,
Catalyst temperature acquisition means for acquiring the temperature of the NOx catalyst;
Catalyst activity determination means for determining whether or not the NOx catalyst is in an active state based on the temperature of the NOx catalyst input from the catalyst temperature acquisition means;
NOx emission amount estimating means for estimating the NOx amount discharged from the internal combustion engine based on the operating state of the internal combustion engine;
When it is determined by the catalyst activity determining means that the NOx catalyst is in an active state, the temperature of the NOx catalyst input from the catalyst temperature acquisition means, and the NOx amount input from the NOx emission amount estimating means NOx purification remaining capacity estimating means for estimating a current NOx purification remaining capacity of the NOx catalyst with respect to a target NOx emission amount contained in exhaust discharged from the NOx catalyst to the atmosphere based on the exhaust gas regulation value based on
Based on the relationship between the estimated NOx purification surplus and the retard amount of the main injection timing of the in-cylinder injector of the internal combustion engine when the catalyst activity determining means determines that the NOx catalyst is in an active state , A control device for an internal combustion engine, comprising: retard injection control means for retarding a main injection timing of the in- cylinder injector from a compression top dead center to a position between the compression top dead center and an expansion bottom dead center .
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