JP6483968B2 - Dental X-ray equipment - Google Patents

Dental X-ray equipment

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JP6483968B2
JP6483968B2 JP2014142901A JP2014142901A JP6483968B2 JP 6483968 B2 JP6483968 B2 JP 6483968B2 JP 2014142901 A JP2014142901 A JP 2014142901A JP 2014142901 A JP2014142901 A JP 2014142901A JP 6483968 B2 JP6483968 B2 JP 6483968B2
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庸隆 関根
庸隆 関根
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Yoshida Dental Mfg Co Ltd
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Description

本発明はＸ線撮影装置、特に、歯科用断層撮影装置において患者の位置決めを容易に行うように構成配置した歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an X-ray imaging apparatus, and more particularly to a dental X-ray imaging apparatus constructed and arranged so as to easily position a patient in a dental tomography apparatus.

従来、Ｘ線撮影装置において患者の位置決めを行うには、特許文献１（特許第３８０７８３３号）および特許文献２（特開２０１０−４６３６０号）に記載されているものがある。即ち、特許文献１には、Ｘ線を照射するＸ線源と、被検者を通過したＸ線を検出するイメージセンサと、Ｘ線源およびイメージセンサを支持する支持アームと、支持アームを移動させるための移動手段とを具備する兼用Ｘ線撮影装置が記載されており、この移動手段によって、ＣＴモードの場合にＸ線源およびイメージセンサをＣＴ画像形成軌跡に沿って移動し、パノラマモードの場合にＸ線源およびイメージセンサをパノラマ画像形成軌跡に沿って移動し得るようにしており、従って、パノラマ断層撮影に加えて、部分ＣＴ断層撮影を得ることができる兼用Ｘ線撮影装置を提供すると共に部分ＣＴ断層撮影を得ることができる専用部分ＣＴＸ線撮影装置を提供するようにしている。   Conventionally, in order to position a patient in an X-ray imaging apparatus, there are those described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 3807833) and Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-46360). That is, Patent Document 1 discloses an X-ray source that irradiates X-rays, an image sensor that detects X-rays that have passed through a subject, a support arm that supports the X-ray source and the image sensor, and a movement of the support arm. A dual-purpose X-ray imaging apparatus including a moving means for moving the X-ray source and the image sensor along the CT image formation trajectory in the CT mode. The X-ray source and the image sensor can be moved along the panoramic image forming locus in some cases, and therefore a combined X-ray imaging apparatus capable of obtaining partial CT tomography in addition to panoramic tomography is provided. In addition, a dedicated partial CTX radiography apparatus capable of obtaining partial CT tomography is provided.

又、特許文献２には、Ｘ線撮影装置Ｍにおいて、表示手段は、関心領域ｒを指定するためのスカウト画像として第１のＸ線画像を表示し、指定手段は、表示手段に表示された第１のＸ線画像上で関心領域ｒを指定し、画像処理手段は、指定に基づき、関心領域ｒを観察基準方向から正視した正視Ｘ線ＣＴ画像を少なくとも含むＸ線ＣＴ画像である第２のＸ線画像を、第１のＸ線画像よりも高い解像度で生成し、スカウト画像に対して指定した関心領域を表示する際に、煩わしい操作をしなくとも、直感的に、しかも、詳細に観察し得るようにしている。   In Patent Document 2, in the X-ray imaging apparatus M, the display means displays the first X-ray image as a scout image for designating the region of interest r, and the designation means is displayed on the display means. A region of interest r is designated on the first X-ray image, and the image processing means is a second X-ray CT image including at least a normal X-ray CT image obtained by viewing the region of interest r from the observation reference direction based on the designation. The X-ray image is generated at a higher resolution than the first X-ray image, and when displaying the region of interest designated for the scout image, it is intuitive and detailed without any troublesome operations. It is possible to observe.

特許第３８０７８３３Japanese Patent No. 3807833 特開２０１０−４６３６０JP 2010-46360

（株）データ・デザイン社 カタログ ３Ｄ Ｄｅｓｉｇｎ−Ｓｃａｎｎｉｎｇ−”Ａｔｒｅｃ ３Ｄ Ｓｃａｎｎｅｒｓ”Data Design Co., Ltd. Catalog 3D Design-Scanning- "Atrec 3D Scanners"

上述したように、特許文献１においては、パノラマ断層撮影および部分ＣＴ断層撮影を行い得る兼用断層撮影を行うために著しく複雑な機構を必要としており、特許文献２においても、スカウト画像に対して指定した関心領域を表示する際に、煩わしい操作をしなくとも、直感的に、しかも、詳細に観察し得るとしているが、実際に撮影を行うＸ線撮影装置自体がきわめて複雑な機構を必要としている。
また、スカウト画像を得るためにＸ線撮影が必要となり、被験者は余分なＸ線被曝の負担を強いられることとなった。 As described above, in Patent Document 1, a remarkably complicated mechanism is required to perform combined tomography that can perform panoramic tomography and partial CT tomography. Also in Patent Document 2, a scout image is designated. When displaying a region of interest, an X-ray imaging apparatus that actually performs imaging itself requires a very complicated mechanism, although it can be intuitively observed in detail without performing any troublesome operations. .
In addition, X-ray imaging is required to obtain a scout image, and the subject is forced to bear an extra X-ray exposure.

一般に、歯科用レントゲン装置(パノラマ装置・コーンビームCT装置)においては、Ｘ線の広がり幅、フレーム画像のスキャンスピード、旋回アームの旋回速度等から既知の撮影領域が設定される。パノラマ装置の場合、その撮影領域は歯列に沿った馬蹄型となり、コーンビームＣＴ装置の場合は円柱状のＦＯＶとなる。このＸ線撮影領域に被験者の撮影患部が入るように位置付けしなければならない。しかし、撮影領域(断層域・ＦＯＶ)を目視にて把握できないため、正確な位置付けは容易ではなく、撮影失敗により無効被曝、患者への負荷が懸念されることが多々ある。   In general, in a dental X-ray apparatus (panorama apparatus / cone beam CT apparatus), a known imaging region is set based on an X-ray spread width, a frame image scan speed, a turning speed of a turning arm, and the like. In the case of a panoramic apparatus, the imaging region is a horseshoe shape along the dentition, and in the case of a cone beam CT apparatus, it is a columnar FOV. It must be positioned so that the radiographed area of the subject enters the X-ray imaging area. However, since the imaging region (tomographic region / FOV) cannot be grasped visually, accurate positioning is not easy, and there are many concerns about invalid exposure and burden on the patient due to imaging failure.

また、複数用意された撮影領域(断層域・ＦＯＶ)の中から、操作者が、被験者の所望のＸ線撮影をするために最も適した撮影領域(断層域・ＦＯＶ)を選択し、撮影前に目視にて撮影領域と被験者との位置関係を把握できる歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置はなかった。   In addition, the operator selects an imaging region (tomographic region / FOV) most suitable for performing desired X-ray imaging of the subject from a plurality of imaging regions (tomographic region / FOV), and before the imaging. There is no dental X-ray imaging apparatus that can visually grasp the positional relationship between the imaging region and the subject.

本発明の目的は、この問題を解決すべく、視覚的、直感的な位置付け方法を提供せんとするものである。   The object of the present invention is to provide a visual and intuitive positioning method to solve this problem.

本発明の他の目的は、３ＤスキャナをＸ線撮影装置に搭載することにより、極めて簡単な構成の歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置を提供せんとするものである。   Another object of the present invention is to provide a dental X-ray imaging apparatus having a very simple configuration by mounting a 3D scanner in the X-ray imaging apparatus.

上記の課題を解決するために、本発明の歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置は、被検者に向けてＸ線を照射するＸ線源と、被検者を通過したＸ線を検出するＸ線撮像手段と、被検者の周りに前記Ｘ線源およびＸ線撮像手段を一体的に有する旋回アームと、旋回アームを旋回させるための旋回駆動手段と、旋回駆動手段を支持する装置フレーム（本体）と、被検者の所望のＸ線撮影領域を表示可能な表示手段と、を有する歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置において、前記歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置に、３Ｄスキャナを搭載し、前記表示手段に、被検者位置付け時に既知のＸ線撮影領域と、前記３Ｄスキャナで被験者をスキャンした３Ｄ画像をオーバレイ表示可能にしたことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above problems, a dental X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention includes an X-ray source that emits X-rays toward a subject, and an X-ray imaging that detects X-rays that have passed through the subject. Means, a turning arm integrally having the X-ray source and the X-ray imaging means around the subject, a turning drive means for turning the turning arm, and an apparatus frame (main body) supporting the turning drive means And a display means capable of displaying a desired X-ray imaging region of a subject, and a dental X-ray imaging apparatus comprising a 3D scanner mounted on the dental X-ray imaging apparatus, A known X-ray imaging region when the subject is positioned and a 3D image obtained by scanning the subject with the 3D scanner can be displayed in an overlay manner.

又、本発明歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置によれば、前記３Ｄスキャナは、前記旋回アームに搭載し旋回アームの旋回により複数方向から取得した画像を合成することで３Ｄスキャン可能としたことを特徴とする。   In addition, according to the dental X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, the 3D scanner is mounted on the swivel arm and is capable of 3D scanning by combining images acquired from a plurality of directions by swiveling the swivel arm. To do.

更に、被験者を支持する被験者支持台と、被験者位置を調整する被験者位置調整手段と、その調整量を検知可能な調整量検知手段と、前記表示手段上の表示位置を操作する入力手段とを設け、被験者を位置付けした後に一度旋回アームを旋回させながら被験者位置の３Ｄスキャン画像を取得し、合成手段にて既知のＸ線撮影領域と重ねて前記表示手段に表示し、前記入力手段により、前記表示手段上に表示された既知のＸ線撮影領域と、スキャンした３Ｄ画像のどちらかを移動調整することでその調整量から被験者位置調整手段を駆動して被験者の所望のＸ線撮影領域を既知のＸ線撮影領域の範囲内に移動することを可能とする。   Furthermore, a subject support base for supporting the subject, a subject position adjusting means for adjusting the subject position, an adjustment amount detecting means capable of detecting the adjustment amount, and an input means for operating the display position on the display means are provided. Then, after positioning the subject, the 3D scan image of the subject position is acquired while turning the swivel arm once, and it is displayed on the display means so as to overlap with the known X-ray imaging region by the synthesizing means, and the display by the input means By moving and adjusting either the known X-ray imaging area displayed on the means or the scanned 3D image, the subject position adjustment means is driven from the adjustment amount to determine the desired X-ray imaging area of the subject. It is possible to move within the range of the X-ray imaging region.

又、本発明歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置によれば、前記３Ｄスキャナは、被験者を中心とする周囲に複数個搭載し、固定位置からの複数個のスキャン画像からリアルタイムな３Ｄスキャンを可能としたことを特徴とする。
更に、被験者位置を調整する被験者位置調整手段と、その調整量を検知可能な検知手段とを有し、前記合成手段により、前記複数個の３Ｄスキャナによりスキャンした３Ｄ画像と、既知のＸ線撮影領域とをリアルタイムに重ねて表示手段に表示し、操作者がオーバレイ表示した画像を見ながら被験者位置調整手段を操作することで被験者の所望のＸ線撮影領域を既知のＸ線撮影領域の範囲内に移動することを可能とする。 Further, according to the dental X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of the 3D scanners are mounted around the subject, and real-time 3D scanning can be performed from a plurality of scan images from a fixed position. It is characterized by.
Furthermore, the apparatus has a subject position adjusting means for adjusting the subject position and a detecting means capable of detecting the adjustment amount, and the combining means scans the 3D images scanned by the plurality of 3D scanners and a known X-ray image. The region is superimposed on the display unit in real time and displayed on the display unit. The operator operates the subject position adjustment unit while viewing the overlay display image, so that the desired X-ray imaging region of the subject is within the range of the known X-ray imaging region. It is possible to move to.

又、本発明歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置によれば、前記被験者位置調整手段が、旋回駆動手段の回転中心を水平方向に移動させる移動テーブルであって、前記旋回駆動手段の回転中心の位置を調整することで既知のＸ線撮影領域（の中心位置）を移動可能とする。   According to the dental X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, the subject position adjusting means is a moving table for moving the rotation center of the turning drive means in the horizontal direction, and adjusts the position of the rotation center of the turning drive means. By doing so, the known X-ray imaging region (the center position thereof) can be moved.

又、本発明歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置によれば、前記既知の被験者位置調整手段が、旋回アームの下方に設けられた被検者位置付け用の椅子、被検者位置付け用チンレスト（顎を載せる台）、または被検者位置決め用のヘッドサポートである。   Further, according to the dental X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, the known subject position adjusting means includes a subject positioning chair, a subject positioning chin rest (a table on which a chin is placed), which is provided below the swivel arm. Or a head support for positioning the subject.

又、本発明歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置によれば、前記歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置をパノラマＸ線撮影装置とし、前記既知のＸ線撮影領域をパノラマ断層域とする。   According to the dental X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, the dental X-ray imaging apparatus is a panoramic X-ray imaging apparatus, and the known X-ray imaging area is a panoramic tomographic area.

又、本発明歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置によれば、前記歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置を歯科用ＣＴパノラマＸ線撮影装置とし、前記既知のＸ線撮影領域がＣＴ撮影のＦＯＶ領域とする。   According to the dental X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, the dental X-ray imaging apparatus is a dental CT panoramic X-ray imaging apparatus, and the known X-ray imaging area is a CT imaging FOV area.

更に、本発明歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置によれば、前記既知の撮影領域は、予め用意された複数の断層域やＦＯＶから操作者が被験者の体格に合わせて選択可能とする。   Further, according to the dental X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, the known imaging region can be selected by the operator from a plurality of prepared tomographic regions or FOVs according to the physique of the subject.

本発明歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置によれば、前記既知の撮影領域は、予め用意された複数の断層域やＦＯＶから操作者が被験者の所望のＸ線撮影領域に合わせて選択可能とする。   According to the dental X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, the known imaging region can be selected by an operator according to a desired X-ray imaging region of a subject from a plurality of prepared tomographic regions and FOVs.

本発明によれば、歯科用レントゲン装置（パノラマ装置、コーンビームＣＴ装置）において、被検者の位置付けを行う際に、３Ｄスキャナを搭載することにより、被検者の位置と既知の撮影領域（断層域・ＦＯＶ）の相関関係が視覚的、直感的に把握可能で、正確な位置付けを行うことができる。   According to the present invention, when a subject is positioned in a dental X-ray apparatus (panorama apparatus, cone beam CT apparatus), the position of the subject and a known imaging region ( (Corresponding to fault area / FOV) can be grasped visually and intuitively and can be accurately positioned.

本発明Ｘ線撮影装置の原理の一例を示すフローチャート図；The flowchart figure which shows an example of the principle of this invention X-ray imaging apparatus; 本発明Ｘ線撮影装置の実施状態を示し、特にＣＢＣＴの場合のＦＯＶ表示を示す説明図；Explanatory drawing which shows the implementation state of this invention X-ray imaging apparatus, and shows the FOV display especially in the case of CBCT; 本発明Ｘ線撮影装置の実施状態を示し、特にパノラマの場合の断層域の表示を示す説明図；Explanatory drawing which shows the implementation state of this invention X-ray imaging apparatus and shows the display of the tomographic area especially in the case of panorama; 本発明Ｘ線撮影装置の全体の構成す斜視図；The perspective view which comprises the whole X-ray imaging apparatus of this invention; 本発明Ｘ線撮影装置の原理の他の例を示すフローチャート図である。It is a flowchart figure which shows the other example of the principle of this invention X-ray imaging apparatus.

図面を参照して以下に本発明を説明する。
先ず、図１および図４を参照して、１個の３Ｄスキャナを回転アームに搭載して使用する場合を説明する。 The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
First, a case where one 3D scanner is mounted on a rotating arm and used will be described with reference to FIGS.

この３Ｄスキャナとしては、例えばデータ・デザイン社により開発されているＡｒｔｅｃ ３Ｄ Ｓｃａｎｎｅｒを使用する。   As this 3D scanner, for example, Artec 3D Scanner developed by Data Design Inc. is used.

本発明では、被検者１の口腔に向けてＸ線を照射するＸ線源２と、被検者１の口腔を通過したＸ線を検出するＸ線撮像手段３と、被検者１の周りに前記Ｘ線源２およびＸ線撮像手段３を対向して一体的に保持する旋回アーム４ａと、該旋回アーム４ａを旋回駆動させるための旋回駆動手段４と、該旋回駆動手段４を支持する装置フレーム３５とを具備する歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置に、スキャンにより多方向から取得した画像を合成して３Ｄ画像を表示可能な３Ｄスキャナ１０を搭載する。   In the present invention, an X-ray source 2 that irradiates X-rays toward the oral cavity of the subject 1, an X-ray imaging unit 3 that detects X-rays that have passed through the oral cavity of the subject 1, and the subject 1 A swivel arm 4a that integrally holds the X-ray source 2 and the X-ray imaging unit 3 facing each other, a swivel drive unit 4 for swiveling the swivel arm 4a, and a support for the swivel drive unit 4 A 3D scanner 10 that can display a 3D image by combining images acquired from multiple directions by scanning is mounted on a dental X-ray imaging apparatus that includes an apparatus frame 35 that performs scanning.

即ち、歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置のＸ線源２を設置している個所の近辺に３Ｄスキャナ１０を搭載し、その出力側に合成手段３２を経由して、第３切換スイッチ１１または第４切換スイッチ２９を経て表示手段２０に接続する。   That is, the 3D scanner 10 is mounted in the vicinity of the place where the X-ray source 2 of the dental X-ray imaging apparatus is installed, and the third selector switch 11 or the fourth selector is connected to the output side via the synthesizing means 32. The switch 29 is connected to the display means 20.

又、本発明では、上記歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置に、被検者１を支持する支持台９（例えば椅子）に、被検者位置決め用チンレスト、即ち、顎を載せる台４１、および被検者位置決め用のヘッドサポート４０を設置し、上記被検者支持台９、チンレスト４１、ヘッドサポート４０は被検者位置調整手段２１によって被検者の位置を前後左右に調整可能としている。また被検者位置調整手段２１に組込まれている調整量検知手段２２の検知情報から被検者の位置を把握可能とする。斯様に被検者支持台９、被検者位置調整手段２１、調整量検知手段２２により被検者の位置決め手段を構成している。
なお、被検者位置調整手段２１は前後左右の調整の他、上下の移動に対しても調整可能としてもよい。 Further, in the present invention, the dental X-ray imaging apparatus includes a support base 9 (for example, a chair) that supports the subject 1, a subject positioning chin rest, that is, a base 41 on which the chin is placed, and the subject. The head support 40 for positioning is installed, and the position of the subject can be adjusted to the front, rear, left and right by the subject position adjusting means 21 on the subject support base 9, the chin rest 41, and the head support 40. Further, the position of the subject can be grasped from the detection information of the adjustment amount detection means 22 incorporated in the subject position adjustment means 21. Thus, the subject support base 9, the subject position adjusting means 21, and the adjustment amount detecting means 22 constitute a subject positioning means.
The subject position adjusting means 21 may be adjustable not only for front / rear / left / right adjustment but also for vertical movement.

図１の被検者支持台９に設けられた被検者位置調整手段２１に変えて、図５に示すように旋回駆動手段４の回転中心ａを水平方向に前後左右に移動可能な被験者位置調整手段である移動手段２１を設けることもできる。この場合も回転中心ａに対して相対的に被検者の位置を移動させることができる。また、移動手段２１は旋回アーム４ａを、回転中心ａの軸方向に沿って上下に移動可能とすることもできる。   1 instead of the subject position adjusting means 21 provided on the subject support base 9 in FIG. 1, the subject position where the rotation center a of the turning drive means 4 can be moved back and forth and right and left in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. A moving means 21 which is an adjusting means can also be provided. In this case as well, the position of the subject can be moved relative to the rotation center a. Moreover, the moving means 21 can also move the turning arm 4a up and down along the axial direction of the rotation center a.

被検者を被検者支持台９に座らせ、被検者を固定した後一度旋回アーム４ａを旋回駆動手段４の回転中心ａを回転軸として回転させ、３Ｄスキャナによる被検者位置の３Ｄ画像を取得し、合成手段３２に供給し、第３切換スイッチ１１、または、第４切換スイッチ２９を経て表示装置２０に供給し、表示可能とする。   After the subject is seated on the subject support base 9 and the subject is fixed, the turning arm 4a is rotated once about the rotation center a of the turning drive means 4 as the rotation axis, and the 3D position of the subject is determined by the 3D scanner. An image is acquired, supplied to the combining means 32, supplied to the display device 20 via the third selector switch 11 or the fourth selector switch 29, and can be displayed.

既知パノラマ撮影領域制御手段３０は、旋回駆動手段４の回転制御を行う回転制御手段３３とフレーム画像のスキャン制御を行うパノラマ画像処理手段１２から既存のパノラマ撮影領域を決定し、既存パノラマ撮影領域記憶手段２４に記憶する。
また既知のＦＯＶ撮影領域制御手段３１は、旋回駆動手段４の回転制御を行う回転制御手段３３とフレーム画像のスキャン制御を行うＣＢＣＴ用画像処理手段１６から既存部分ＣＴ撮影領域を決定し、既存部分ＣＴ撮影領域記憶手段２５に記憶する。 The known panorama shooting area control means 30 determines an existing panorama shooting area from the rotation control means 33 that controls the rotation of the turning drive means 4 and the panorama image processing means 12 that performs scan control of the frame image, and stores the existing panorama shooting area storage. Store in the means 24.
The known FOV imaging area control means 31 determines an existing partial CT imaging area from the rotation control means 33 that controls the rotation of the turning drive means 4 and the CBCT image processing means 16 that controls the scan of the frame image. Store in the CT imaging area storage means 25.

次いで、既知パノラマ撮影領域記憶手段２４又は既知部分ＣＴ撮影領域記憶手段２５に夫々記憶されている所望の既知パノラマ撮影領域又は所望の既知部分ＣＴ撮影領域を、合成手段３２に供給し３Ｄスキャナ１０からの３Ｄ画像を合成し第３切換スイッチ１１または第４切換スイッチ２９を経て表示手段２０に接続し、３Ｄ画像と既知の撮影領域との相関位置関係の変化を表示する。   Next, the desired panoramic imaging area or the desired known partial CT imaging area respectively stored in the known panoramic imaging area storage unit 24 or the known partial CT imaging area storage unit 25 is supplied to the synthesizing unit 32 from the 3D scanner 10. These 3D images are combined and connected to the display means 20 via the third change-over switch 11 or the fourth change-over switch 29, and the change in the correlation position relationship between the 3D image and the known imaging region is displayed.

医師又は撮影技師がその表示を基に表示手段２０の近傍に設けられた入力手段３４（例えばマウス等）を用いて表示画面上の既知のＸ線撮影領域をドラッグしスキャンした３Ｄ画像上の所望の関心領域が既知のＸ線撮影領域に収まるように移動してドロップする。或いはスキャンした３Ｄ画像をドラッグして既知のＸ線撮影領域の中に３Ｄ画像上の所望の関心領域が収まるようにドロップする。
表示画面上の３Ｄスキャンした被験者の位置情報は、被験者支持台９上の被験者の位置と被験者位置調整手段２１、調整量検知手段２２を経由して同期しており、上記のようにドラッグアンドドロップの操作に沿って被験者位置調整手段２１を制御して被験者支持台９を画面上で指示した位置まで移動することができる。 A desired image on a 3D image scanned by a doctor or radiographer by dragging a known X-ray imaging region on the display screen using an input unit 34 (for example, a mouse) provided near the display unit 20 based on the display. The region of interest is moved and dropped so as to be within the known X-ray imaging region. Alternatively, the scanned 3D image is dragged and dropped so that a desired region of interest on the 3D image fits within a known X-ray imaging region.
The position information of the subject subjected to 3D scanning on the display screen is synchronized with the position of the subject on the subject support base 9 via the subject position adjusting means 21 and the adjustment amount detecting means 22, and drag and drop as described above. The subject position adjusting means 21 can be controlled along with the above operation to move the subject support table 9 to the position indicated on the screen.

なお、所望の既知パノラマ撮影領域記憶手段２４および既知部分ＣＴ撮影領域記憶手段２５は旋回駆動手段４の回転中心ａを基準として得られる撮影領域であって、医師または撮影技師によって選択し得るようにしている。
例えば、既知パノラマ撮影領域の場合、大人、中人、子供用のアーチ状の撮影領域を予め何パターンか保存しておき、被検者の体格に合わせて選択可能としている。また既知部分ＣＴ撮影記憶手段２５の場合は、ＦＯＶの撮影領域を被検者の体格や撮影領域の大きさによって選択できるように予め何パターンか保存しておき、被検者の体格や撮影領域の大きさに合せて選択可能にしている。これらの選択操作は撮影の前に医師または撮影技師によって行う。
また、ヘッドレスト等に、頭部サイズの測定可能なセンサを設け、被検者の頭のサイズから体格を自動認識できるようにしておくことで、操作者の選択操作がなくとも自動で被検者の撮影領域を選択できるようにすることもできる。 The desired known panoramic imaging area storage means 24 and the known partial CT imaging area storage means 25 are imaging areas obtained on the basis of the rotation center a of the turning drive means 4 and can be selected by a doctor or an imaging technician. ing.
For example, in the case of a known panoramic imaging area, several patterns of arch-shaped imaging areas for adults, middle men, and children are stored in advance, and can be selected according to the physique of the subject. In the case of the known partial CT imaging storage means 25, some patterns are stored in advance so that the FOV imaging area can be selected according to the physique of the subject and the size of the imaging area, and the physique and imaging area of the subject. It is possible to select according to the size of. These selection operations are performed by a doctor or an imaging technician before imaging.
In addition, a sensor capable of measuring the head size is provided on the headrest, etc. so that the physique can be automatically recognized from the size of the head of the subject, so that the subject can be automatically selected without any selection operation by the operator. It is also possible to select a shooting area.

次に、複数個の３Ｄスキャナを固定して使用する場合を説明する。即ち、歯科用レントゲン装置の周辺に、リアルタイムでスキャン可能な複数個（少なくとも３個）の３Ｄスキャナ（図示せず）を例えば３角形状に固定配置する。例えば装置フレーム３５、Ｘ線源２、Ｘ線撮像手段３に３Ｄスキャナを各１個ずつ設け旋回アーム４ａは回転しない状態にして、これら３Ｄスキャナを用いて３Ｄ画像を作成し、上述したように、合成手段３２、第３切換スイッチ１１または第４切換スイッチ２９を経て表示装置２０に供給する。
次いで、上述したように、所望の既知パノラマ撮影領域又は所望の既知部分ＣＴ撮影領域を、所望に応じ、合成手段３２に供給し、表示装置２０において３Ｄ画像および所望の既知の撮像領域(断層域・ＦＯＶ)を夫々オーバレイ表示して、３Ｄ画像と既知の撮影領域との相関位置関係の変化をリアルタイムに表示し、医師又は撮影技師はその表示を基に被験者位置調整手段２１を操作する。被験者位置調整手段２１は、椅子の移動操作であっても、チンレスト４１やヘッドレスト４０の移動操作であってもよい。
また、旋回駆動手段４に設けられた移動テーブル２１（被験者位置調整手段２１）であってもよい。この操作に伴って３Ｄ画像はリアルタイムに移動し、所望の既知の撮影領域とオーバレイ表示させ、所望のＸ線撮影領域を既知のＸ線撮影領域の範囲内に移動し被検者の正確な位置決めを視覚的かつ直感的に行うことができる。
なお、複数個の３Ｄスキャナは上記例に限らず被験者周囲の固定位置からの撮影でもよく被験者支持台の周囲にアームや櫓を組んで固定してもよい。 Next, a case where a plurality of 3D scanners are fixed and used will be described. That is, a plurality of (at least three) 3D scanners (not shown) capable of scanning in real time are fixedly arranged in a triangular shape, for example, around the dental X-ray apparatus. For example, one 3D scanner is provided in each of the apparatus frame 35, the X-ray source 2, and the X-ray imaging means 3 so that the swivel arm 4a does not rotate, and a 3D image is created using these 3D scanners, as described above. Then, it is supplied to the display device 20 through the synthesizing means 32, the third changeover switch 11 or the fourth changeover switch 29.
Next, as described above, a desired known panoramic imaging region or a desired known partial CT imaging region is supplied to the synthesizing unit 32 as desired, and a 3D image and a desired known imaging region (tomographic region) are displayed on the display device 20. FOV) is displayed as an overlay, and the change in the correlation position between the 3D image and the known imaging area is displayed in real time, and the doctor or imaging technician operates the subject position adjusting means 21 based on the display. The subject position adjusting means 21 may be a chair moving operation or a chin rest 41 or headrest 40 moving operation.
Moreover, the movement table 21 (subject position adjustment means 21) provided in the turning drive means 4 may be used. As a result of this operation, the 3D image moves in real time and is displayed as an overlay with the desired known imaging region, and the desired X-ray imaging region is moved within the range of the known X-ray imaging region to accurately position the subject. Can be done visually and intuitively.
The plurality of 3D scanners are not limited to the above example, and may be taken from a fixed position around the subject, or may be fixed with an arm or a heel around the subject support base.

斯様にして、位置決めを行った際の表示装置の表示画面を図２および図３に夫々示し、図２はＣＢＣＴ撮影の場合のＦＯＶ表示を示し、図３はパノラマ撮影の場合の断層域の表示を示す。   In this way, the display screens of the display device when positioning is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. FIG. 2 shows the FOV display in the case of CBCT imaging, and FIG. 3 shows the tomographic area in the case of panoramic imaging. Show the display.

上記３Ｄスキャナ１０の代わりに、３次元座標を取得できる手段を使用することもできる。   In place of the 3D scanner 10, means capable of acquiring three-dimensional coordinates can also be used.

更に、本発明では、首尾よく被検者の正確な位置づけが行われた後の所望のパノラマ撮影領域又は所望の部分ＣＴ撮影領域に対してＸ線撮影を行う処理をも説明する。   Furthermore, in the present invention, a process of performing X-ray imaging on a desired panoramic imaging area or a desired partial CT imaging area after the subject has been positioned correctly will be described.

図１に示すように、Ｘ線を被検者１に照射するＸ線源２と、被検者１を通過したＸ線を検出するＸ線撮像手段３と、被検者１を中心に位置させてＸ線源２とＸ線撮像手段３とを旋回アーム４ａを介して一定距離に相互に対向して固着し、前記被検者１の周りを旋回駆動手段４の旋回アーム４ａによって相対的に旋回させるものとし、Ｘ線撮影は旋回駆動手段４を回転軸とし、該回転軸を回転中心ａとして旋回アーム４ａ を１回転させる。この時、前記被検者１は、前記旋回駆動手段４の真下、すなわち、回転中心ａに位置するものとする。   As shown in FIG. 1, an X-ray source 2 that irradiates a subject 1 with X-rays, an X-ray imaging means 3 that detects X-rays that have passed through the subject 1, and a position around the subject 1 Then, the X-ray source 2 and the X-ray imaging means 3 are fixed to each other at a fixed distance through the turning arm 4 a and fixed relative to each other around the subject 1 by the turning arm 4 a of the turning drive means 4. In the X-ray imaging, the turning drive unit 4 is used as a rotation axis, and the turning arm 4a is rotated once by using the rotation axis as a rotation center a. At this time, it is assumed that the subject 1 is located directly below the turning drive means 4, that is, at the rotation center a.

次に、前記Ｘ線撮像手段３のＣＣＤセンサは被検者１を透過したＸ線像をＡ／Ｄ変換手段５によって一定の面積を持つフレーム画像としてのデジタル電気信号に変換するものである。また、前記Ｘ線撮像手段３で得られた画像情報をフレーム画像として記憶する大容量フレーム画像記憶手段６は、その後段に、第１オン・オフスイッチ７を経て接続され、このフレーム画像の抽出やパノラマ画像をデジタル処理によって任意の断層面の形成を行うパノラマ用画像処理手段１２と、該画像処理を行った画像を記憶する大容量処理画像記憶手段１３と、該処理画像記憶手段１３により、各断層像を表示する全画像表示記憶手段１４とを設け、更に、その後段に該全画像表示記憶手段１４のパノラマ画像を出力する出力手段１５（例えば、ＣＲＴディスプレイ、液晶パネルのような画像表示装置や画像をプリントアウトするプリンタ等を駆動するための出力）を設ける。この出力手段１５は第３切換スイッチ１１の一方の接点を経て前記表示装置２０に接続する。又、既知パノラマ撮影領域記憶手段２４を経て合成手段３２の出力を第３切換スイッチ１１の他方の接点を経て表示手段２０に接続する。   Next, the CCD sensor of the X-ray imaging means 3 converts an X-ray image transmitted through the subject 1 into a digital electric signal as a frame image having a certain area by the A / D conversion means 5. The large-capacity frame image storage means 6 for storing the image information obtained by the X-ray imaging means 3 as a frame image is connected to the subsequent stage via the first on / off switch 7, and the extraction of the frame image is performed. Panoramic image processing means 12 for forming an arbitrary tomographic plane by digital processing, large-capacity processing image storage means 13 for storing the image subjected to the image processing, and processed image storage means 13. An all-image display storage unit 14 for displaying each tomographic image is provided, and an output unit 15 (for example, an image display such as a CRT display or a liquid crystal panel) for outputting a panoramic image of the all-image display storage unit 14 at a subsequent stage. An output for driving a device or a printer for printing out an image). The output means 15 is connected to the display device 20 through one contact of the third changeover switch 11. Further, the output of the synthesizing means 32 is connected to the display means 20 via the other contact of the third change-over switch 11 via the known panoramic photographing area storage means 24.

更に、図１に示すように、前記大容量フレーム画像記憶手段６には、その後段に、第２オン・オフスイッチ８を経て、前記大容量フレーム画像記憶手段６のフレーム画像を抽出してＣＴ画像のデジタル処理によって任意の断層面の形成を行うＣＢＣＴ用画像処理手段１６と、該画像処理を行った画像を記憶するＣＢＣＴ用画像記憶手段１７と、該ＣＢＣＴ用画像記憶手段１７の各断層像を表示するＣＢＣＴ用画像表示記憶手段１８と、該ＣＢＣＴ用画像表示記憶手段１８の表示画像を出力する出力手段１９とを設ける。これらＣＢＣＴ用画像形成要素１６，１７，１８，１９は前記パノラマ用画像形成要素１２，１３，１４，１５と夫々並列に配置する。この出力手段１９は第４切換スイッチ２９の一方の接点を経て前記表示手段２０に接続する。更に既知部分ＣＢＣＴ撮影領域記憶手段２５を経て合成手段３２の出力を第４切換スイッチ２９の他方の接点を経て前記表示手段２０に接続する。   Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the large-capacity frame image storage means 6 extracts the frame image of the large-capacity frame image storage means 6 via the second on / off switch 8 in the subsequent stage and performs CT. CBCT image processing means 16 for forming an arbitrary tomographic plane by digital processing of the image, CBCT image storage means 17 for storing the image subjected to the image processing, and tomographic images of the CBCT image storage means 17 CBCT image display storage means 18 and an output means 19 for outputting the display image of the CBCT image display storage means 18 are provided. These CBCT image forming elements 16, 17, 18, and 19 are arranged in parallel with the panoramic image forming elements 12, 13, 14, and 15, respectively. The output means 19 is connected to the display means 20 through one contact of the fourth changeover switch 29. Further, the output of the synthesizing means 32 is connected to the display means 20 via the other contact of the fourth changeover switch 29 via the known portion CBCT imaging area storage means 25.

斯様に構成配置された本発明歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置において、上述したように、被検者の位置決めが成された後、直ちに、第３切換スイッチ１１の他方の接点又は第４切換スイッチ２９の他方の接点を夫々の切換スイッチ１１，２９の一方の接点に切換えて、Ｘ線撮影を行い、Ｘ線撮像手段３で得られた画像情報をＡ／Ｄ変換手段５、大容量フレーム記憶手段６を経て、パノラマ画像の場合には、第１オン・オフスイッチ７を経て、パノラマ用画像処理手段１２、処理画像記憶手段１３、全画像表示手段１４で夫々信号処理されて出力手段１５に所望のパノラマ画像を容易に得ることができ、又、ＣＢＣＴ用画像の場合も、同様に大容量フレーム記憶手段６の映像情報を、第２オン・オフスイッチ８を経てＣＢＣＴ用画像処理手段１６、ＣＢＣＴ用画像記憶手段１７、ＣＢＣＴ用画像表示記憶手段１８で夫々信号処理されて出力手段１９に所望のＣＢＣＴ画像を容易に得ることができるものである。   In the dental X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention configured and arranged in this way, as described above, immediately after the subject is positioned, the other contact of the third selector switch 11 or the fourth selector switch 29 is provided. The other contact is switched to one contact of the respective change-over switches 11 and 29 to perform X-ray imaging, and image information obtained by the X-ray imaging means 3 is converted into A / D conversion means 5 and large capacity frame storage means. 6, in the case of a panoramic image, the signal is processed by the panoramic image processing means 12, the processed image storage means 13, and the whole image display means 14 via the first on / off switch 7, and is output to the output means 15. In the case of a CBCT image, the video information stored in the large-capacity frame storage means 6 is sent to the CBCT image processing means 16 and the CBC via the second on / off switch 8 in the same manner. Desired CBCT image output unit 19 are processed each signal in use image memory means 17, CBCT image display storage means 18 are those which can be easily obtained.

１ 被検体（被写体）
２ Ｘ線源
３ Ｘ線撮像手段
４ 旋回駆動手段
４ａ 旋回アーム
５ Ａ／Ｄ変換手段
６ 大容量フレーム画像記憶手段
７ 第１オン・オフスイッチ
８ 第２オン・オフスイッチ
９ 被検者支持台
１０ ３Ｄスキャナ
１１ 第３切換スイッチ
１２ パノラマ用画像処理手段
１３ 大容量処理画像処理手段
１４ 全画像表示記憶手段
１５ 出力手段
１６ ＣＢＣＴ用画像処理手段
１７ ＣＢＣＴ用処理画像記憶手段
１８ ＣＢＣＴ用画像表示記憶手段
１９ 出力手段
２０ 表示手段
２１ 被検者位置調整手段
２２ 調整量検知手段
２３ 移動手段
２４ 既知パノラマ撮影領域記憶手段
２５ 既知部分ＣＴ撮影領域記憶手段
ａ 回転軸
２９ 第４切換スイッチ
３０ 既知のパノラマ撮影領域制御手段
３１ 既知のＦＯＶ撮影領域制御手段
３２ 合成手段
３３ 回転制御手段
３４ 入力手段
３５ 装置フレーム
４０ ヘッドサポート
４１ チンレスト 1 Subject (subject)
2 X-ray source 3 X-ray imaging means 4 Rotation drive means 4a Rotation arm 5 A / D conversion means 6 Large capacity frame image storage means 7 First on / off switch 8 Second on / off switch 9 Subject support base 10 3D scanner 11 Third change-over switch 12 Panorama image processing means 13 Large-capacity processing image processing means 14 All image display storage means 15 Output means 16 CBCT image processing means 17 CBCT processed image storage means 18 CBCT image display storage means 19 Output means 20 Display means 21 Subject position adjusting means 22 Adjustment amount detecting means 23 Moving means 24 Known panoramic imaging area storage means 25 Known partial CT imaging area storage means a Rotating shaft 29 Fourth changeover switch 30 Known panoramic imaging area control Means 31 Known FOV imaging area control means 32 Composition means 33 Rotation control means 34 Input means 35 Device frame 40 Head support 41 Chin rest

Claims (3)

被検者に向けてＸ線を照射するＸ線源と、被検者を通過したＸ線を検出するＸ線撮像手段と、被検者の周りに前記Ｘ線源およびＸ線撮像手段を一体的に有する旋回アームと、旋回アームを旋回させるための旋回駆動手段と、旋回駆動手段を支持する装置フレーム（本体）と、被検者の所望のＸ線撮影領域を表示可能な表示手段と、を有する歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置において、前記歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置に、３Ｄスキャナを搭載し、前記表示手段に、被検者位置付け時に既知のＸ線撮影領域と、前記３Ｄスキャナで被験者をスキャンした３Ｄ画像をオーバレイ表示可能に構成するとともに、
前記３Ｄスキャナは、被験者を中心とする周囲に少なくとも３個搭載し、前記旋回アームは回転しない状態にして、固定位置からの少なくとも３個のスキャン画像からリアルタイムな３Ｄスキャンを可能に構成し、
さらに、前記歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置に被験者位置を調整する被験者位置調整手段と、その調整量を検知可能な検知手段とを有し、合成手段により、前記少なくとも３個の３Ｄスキャナによりスキャンした３Ｄ画像と、既知のＸ線撮影領域とをリアルタイムに重ねて表示手段に表示し、操作者がオーバレイ表示した画像を見ながら被験者位置調整手段を操作することで被験者の所望のＸ線撮影領域を既知のＸ線撮影領域の範囲内に移動することが可能に構成し、前記既知のＸ線撮影領域がＣＴ撮影のＦＯＶ領域であるとともに、前記既知のＸ線撮影領域は、操作者がＦＯＶの撮影領域を被検者の体格や撮影領域の大きさによって選択できるように予め何パターンか既知部分ＣＴ撮影領域記憶手段に保存しておき、被検者の体格や撮影領域の大きさに合わせて選択可能としたことを特徴とする歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置。 An X-ray source that irradiates the subject with X-rays, an X-ray imaging unit that detects X-rays that have passed through the subject, and the X-ray source and the X-ray imaging unit that are integrated around the subject A swivel arm, a swivel drive means for swiveling the swivel arm, a device frame (main body) that supports the swivel drive means, a display means capable of displaying a desired X-ray imaging region of the subject, The dental X-ray imaging apparatus includes a 3D scanner mounted on the dental X-ray imaging apparatus, and a known X-ray imaging region when the subject is positioned on the display means, and the subject is scanned with the 3D scanner. In addition to configuring the 3D image that can be displayed overlay,
At least three 3D scanners are mounted around a subject, the swivel arm is not rotated, and at least three scan images from a fixed position are configured to enable real-time 3D scanning.
Further, the dental X-ray imaging apparatus has a subject position adjusting means for adjusting the subject position and a detecting means capable of detecting the adjustment amount, and the 3D scanned by the at least three 3D scanners by the combining means. An image and a known X-ray imaging region are superimposed on the display unit in real time and displayed on the display unit, and the operator's desired X-ray imaging region is known by operating the subject position adjustment unit while viewing the overlay displayed image. The known X-ray imaging region is an FOV region for CT imaging , and the known X-ray imaging region is an FOV imaging by an operator. Several patterns are stored in advance in the known partial CT imaging area storage means so that the area can be selected according to the physique of the subject and the size of the imaging area, and the physique of the subject and the size of the imaging area Together selectable as to dental X-ray imaging apparatus characterized by a. 前記被験者位置調整手段が、旋回駆動手段の回転中心を水平方向に移動させる移動テーブルであることを特徴とする請求項１記載の歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置。   2. The dental X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the subject position adjusting means is a moving table for moving the rotation center of the turning drive means in the horizontal direction. 前記被験者位置調整手段が、旋回アームの下方に設けられた被検者位置付け用の椅子、被検者位置付け用チンレスト（顎を載せる台）、または被検者位置決め用のヘッドサポートであることを特徴とする請求項１記載の歯科用Ｘ線撮影装置。   The subject position adjusting means is a subject positioning chair, a subject positioning chin rest (a table on which a chin is placed), or a head support for positioning a subject, which is provided below the swivel arm. The dental X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1.
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