JP6482781B2 - Disc permeameter and automatic permeability measurement method using the same - Google Patents
Disc permeameter and automatic permeability measurement method using the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6482781B2 JP6482781B2 JP2014147602A JP2014147602A JP6482781B2 JP 6482781 B2 JP6482781 B2 JP 6482781B2 JP 2014147602 A JP2014147602 A JP 2014147602A JP 2014147602 A JP2014147602 A JP 2014147602A JP 6482781 B2 JP6482781 B2 JP 6482781B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- pressure
- pressure adjusting
- water supply
- disk
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 144
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Description
本発明は、ディスクパーミアメーター及びこれを用いた透水係数自動測定方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a disk permeameter and a method for automatically measuring a water permeability coefficient using the same.
近年、土壌浸透手法を用いた雨水流出抑制施設が提案されている。この雨水流出抑制施設を設計するためには、その設置場所における土壌の透水係数を求めるための現地透水測定試験を行う必要がある。 In recent years, rainwater outflow control facilities using soil infiltration techniques have been proposed. In order to design this stormwater runoff control facility, it is necessary to conduct an on-site permeability measurement test to determine the soil permeability coefficient at the installation site.
現在の透水測定試験は、ボアホール法が主流である。しかしながら、ボアホール法は、所定の径を有する孔を地面に掘った上で測定を行わなければならず、土壌構造を破壊することとなり、実際の土壌構造を対象とする精度の高い測定とはいえないといった課題がある。 The borehole method is the mainstream of current permeability measurement tests. However, the borehole method must be measured after digging a hole with a predetermined diameter in the ground, which destroys the soil structure and is a highly accurate measurement for the actual soil structure. There is a problem that there is no.
これに対し、土壌構造を破壊することなく精度の高い値を得ることができるディスクパーミアメーターを用いた測定方法が提案されている。このディスクパーミアメーターに関する公知の技術としては、例えば、下記非特許文献１に記載がある。 On the other hand, a measurement method using a disk permeometer that can obtain a highly accurate value without destroying the soil structure has been proposed. As a known technique related to this disk permeameter, for example, there is a description in Non-Patent Document 1 below.
しかしながら、上記ディスクパーミアメーターは、現場で３種類の異なる負圧状態での測定値を得るために、その都度、圧力調整管を精密に調整しなければならず、そのためには熟練した技能者と時計係、水位変化読み取り係、記録係等、少なくとも４名が必要となるといった課題がある。 However, the above-mentioned disk permeameter requires precise adjustment of the pressure adjustment tube each time in order to obtain measurements in three different negative pressure conditions on the site. There is a problem that at least four people are required, such as a clock staff, a water level change reading staff, and a recording staff.
そこで、本発明は、上記課題に鑑み、より容易に、精度の高い透水係数測定を可能とするディスクパーミアメーター及び透水係数自動測定方法を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a disk permeameter and a water permeability coefficient automatic measurement method that can more easily measure a water permeability coefficient with higher accuracy.
上記課題を解決する本発明の一観点に係るディスクパーミアメーターは、地表面に設置し水を浸透させるための給水ディスクと、ディスクに接続され、水を収容するとともに水位計を備えた空間が形成された給水タンクと、給水タンクに接続され、水を収容するとともに少なくとも三本以上の圧力調整管を備える圧力調整タンクと、を有することを特徴とする。 A disk permeameter according to one aspect of the present invention that solves the above problems is a water supply disk that is installed on the ground surface and infiltrated with water, and a space that is connected to the disk and contains water and includes a water level gauge. A water supply tank formed, and a pressure adjustment tank connected to the water supply tank and containing water and having at least three pressure adjustment pipes.
また、本発明の他の一観点に係る透水係数測定方法は、地表面に設置し水を浸透させるための給水ディスクと、ディスクに接続され、水を収容するとともに水位計を備えた空間が形成された給水タンクと、給水タンクに接続され、水を収容するとともに少なくとも三本以上の圧力調整管を備える圧力調整タンクと、を有するディスクパーミアメーターを用いる透水係数自動測定方法であって、三本以上の圧力調整管を順次操作することで順次圧力を調整して前記水位計の変化を計測するものである。 In addition, a method for measuring a permeability coefficient according to another aspect of the present invention includes a water supply disk that is installed on the ground surface and allows water to penetrate, and a space that is connected to the disk and accommodates water and includes a water level gauge is formed. A water permeability coefficient automatic measurement method using a disk permeameter having a water supply tank, a pressure adjustment tank connected to the water supply tank and containing water and having at least three pressure adjustment pipes, By sequentially operating more than one pressure adjusting tube, the pressure is adjusted in order to measure the change in the water level gauge.
以上、本発明によって、より容易に、精度の高い透水係数測定を可能とするディスクパーミアメーター及び透水係数自動測定方法を提供することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a disk permeameter and a method for automatically measuring a water permeability coefficient that enable a highly accurate water permeability coefficient measurement more easily.
以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を用いて説明する。ただし、本発明は多くの異なる形態による実施が可能であり、以下に示す実施形態の具体的な例示にのみ限定して解釈されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms, and should not be construed as being limited to specific examples of the embodiments shown below.
図１は、本実施形態に係るディスクパーミアメーター（以下「本メーター」という。） １の概略を示す図である。本図で示すように、本メーター１は、地表面Ｇに設置し水を浸透させるための給水ディスク２と、ディスク２に接続され、水を収容するとともに水位計３１を備えた空間が形成された給水タンク３と、給水タンク３に接続され、水を収容するとともに少なくとも三本以上の圧力調整管４１を備える圧力調整タンク４と、を有することを特徴とする。 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a disc permeator (hereinafter referred to as “main meter”) 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the meter 1 is installed on the ground surface G and has a water supply disk 2 for infiltrating water, and is connected to the disk 2 to contain water and a space provided with a water level gauge 31 is formed. The water supply tank 3 and the pressure adjustment tank 4 connected to the water supply tank 3 and containing water and having at least three pressure adjustment pipes 41 are provided.
また、本メーター１の給水タンク３の水位計３１には、水位データを取得する水位データ取得装置３２が備えられており、また、圧力調整タンク４内には圧力データを取得する圧力データ取得装置４が備えられている。更に、本メーター１は、水位データ取得装置３２及び圧力データ取得装置４２に接続され、水位データ及び前記データを記録する記録装置５と、を有する。 The water level meter 31 of the water supply tank 3 of the meter 1 is provided with a water level data acquisition device 32 for acquiring water level data, and the pressure data acquisition device for acquiring pressure data in the pressure adjustment tank 4. 4 is provided. The meter 1 further includes a water level data acquisition device 32 and a pressure data acquisition device 42, and includes a water level data and a recording device 5 for recording the data.
本メーター１において、給水ディスク２は、上記のとおり、地表面Ｇに設置し水を浸透させるものである。より具体的に説明すると、給水ディスク２は水を収容する空間が形成された中空のディスクであって、一方の面には多数の孔が形成されたフィルター２１を配置し、さらにはナイロンメッシュ２２によって覆われている。そして他方の面は給水タンク３と接続されており、本実施形態に係るメーター１は、いわゆる一体型のディスクパーミアメーターとなっている。 In this meter 1, the water supply disk 2 is installed on the ground surface G as described above and allows water to penetrate. More specifically, the water supply disk 2 is a hollow disk in which a space for containing water is formed, and a filter 21 having a large number of holes is arranged on one surface, and further a nylon mesh 22 is arranged. Covered by. The other surface is connected to the water supply tank 3, and the meter 1 according to this embodiment is a so-called integrated disc permeator meter.
また本メーター１において、給水タンク３は、水を収容する空間を備えているとともに、組み立てられた際に、給水ディスク２内の水を収容する空間と給水タンク３の水を収容する空間とが接続される構造となっており、この空間内には水位計３１を備えている。給水タンクと給水ディスク２の接続については、限定されるわけではないが、給水ディスク２にネジ溝を有する開口部を設け、このネジ溝に対応するネジ溝が形成された給水タンクの接続部を組み合わせて接続することが好ましい一形態である。また、給水タンク３には、給水タンク３内の空間を閉じたものとするための蓋３３及び栓３４が備えられている。 Further, in the meter 1, the water supply tank 3 has a space for storing water, and when assembled, there is a space for storing water in the water supply disk 2 and a space for storing water in the water supply tank 3. It has a connected structure, and a water level gauge 31 is provided in this space. The connection between the water supply tank and the water supply disk 2 is not limited, but the water supply disk 2 is provided with an opening having a screw groove, and the connection portion of the water supply tank in which the screw groove corresponding to the screw groove is formed. It is a preferable form to connect in combination. In addition, the water supply tank 3 is provided with a lid 33 and a stopper 34 for closing the space in the water supply tank 3.
本メーター１において、水位計３１は、給水タンク３内に水を入れた場合にその水面の高さを測定することができるものである。水位計３１の構成としては、給水タンク３に収納可能であり、給水タンク内の水位範囲に広く対応できるものであれば特に限定されるものではない。 In the meter 1, the water level gauge 31 can measure the height of the water surface when water is put into the water supply tank 3. The configuration of the water level meter 31 is not particularly limited as long as it can be accommodated in the water supply tank 3 and can correspond widely to the water level range in the water supply tank.
また本メーターにおいて、水位計３１には、水位データを取得する水位データ取得装置３２が接続されており、記録装置５に当該データが出力される。 In this meter, a water level data acquisition device 32 for acquiring water level data is connected to the water level gauge 31, and the data is output to the recording device 5.
また本メーター１において、圧力調整タンク４は、給水タンク３に管Ｐ１及びこれに備えられたバルブＶ１を介して接続され、水を収容するとともに少なくとも三本以上の圧力調整管４１を備える空間が形成されている。なお管Ｐ１の給水タンク３に対する接続位置は、給水タンク３の下端に近い位置において接続されており、管Ｐ１の圧力調整タンクに対する接続位置は、圧力調整タンクの上端に近い位置において接続されている。また、圧力調整タンク４の下端部近傍には、圧力調整タンク４内に収納された水を排出するための排水管Ｐ２及びこれに設けられたバルブＶ２が備えられており、この中の水位を調整することができる。 Further, in the present meter 1, the pressure adjustment tank 4 is connected to the water supply tank 3 via a pipe P1 and a valve V1 provided therein, and accommodates water and has a space including at least three pressure adjustment pipes 41. Is formed. The connection position of the pipe P1 to the water supply tank 3 is connected at a position near the lower end of the water supply tank 3, and the connection position of the pipe P1 to the pressure adjustment tank is connected at a position near the upper end of the pressure adjustment tank. . In addition, a drain pipe P2 for discharging water stored in the pressure adjustment tank 4 and a valve V2 provided therein are provided in the vicinity of the lower end of the pressure adjustment tank 4, and the water level in the drain pipe P2 is provided. Can be adjusted.
本メーター１において、圧力調整管４１は、圧力調整タンク４内の圧力を調整するために用いられるものであり、少なくとも三本備えられている。 In the meter 1, the pressure adjusting pipe 41 is used for adjusting the pressure in the pressure adjusting tank 4, and is provided with at least three.
本メーター１において、各圧力調整管４１は、所定の長さを持つ棒状かつ中空の管であって、一方の端部に圧力調整バルブ４３を備えている。圧力調整バルブ４３を開閉することで、管内の空間を外気に接続した状態又は外気と遮断した状態を選択、制御することができる。 In the meter 1, each pressure adjusting tube 41 is a rod-like and hollow tube having a predetermined length, and includes a pressure adjusting valve 43 at one end. By opening and closing the pressure adjustment valve 43, it is possible to select and control a state where the space in the pipe is connected to the outside air or a state where the space is shut off from the outside air.
また本メーター１において、複数の圧力調整管４１は、圧力調整管保持部材４４によって一体に固定及びシールされている。また各圧力調整管４１の下端の位置は、各圧力調整管４１で異なっており、必要とする設定負圧を得るため一定の間隔で深くなるよう構成されている。複数の圧力調整管４１は、圧力調整管保持部材４４によって一体に保持されていることで、圧力調整管４１による負圧調整を簡便かつ安定的に確保することができるとともに、圧力調整管保持部材４４との接続を固定することで、従来のように圧力調整管の下端位置調整のため圧力調整管とその保持対象との間の隙間を比較的大きく設けておく必要がなく、この隙間を確実にシールすることが可能となり、圧力の調整精度を向上させることができる。なお複数の圧力調整管保持部材４４は、圧力調整タンクの上部の蓋として機能させておくことが好ましい。 In the meter 1, the plurality of pressure adjustment tubes 41 are integrally fixed and sealed by a pressure adjustment tube holding member 44. Further, the position of the lower end of each pressure adjusting pipe 41 is different in each pressure adjusting pipe 41, and is configured to be deep at a constant interval in order to obtain a required set negative pressure. The plurality of pressure adjusting pipes 41 are integrally held by the pressure adjusting pipe holding member 44, so that negative pressure adjustment by the pressure adjusting pipe 41 can be ensured easily and stably, and the pressure adjusting pipe holding member By fixing the connection to 44, there is no need to provide a relatively large gap between the pressure adjusting pipe and the object to be held for adjusting the lower end position of the pressure adjusting pipe as in the prior art. It is possible to improve the pressure adjustment accuracy. In addition, it is preferable that the plurality of pressure adjusting pipe holding members 44 function as an upper lid of the pressure adjusting tank.
また、上記のとおり圧力調整タンク４内の上端部近傍には、圧力データを取得する圧力データ取得装置４２を備えている。この圧力データ取得装置４２は上記のとおり記録装置５に接続されており、記録装置５に取得した圧力データを出力することができる。 Further, as described above, a pressure data acquisition device 42 that acquires pressure data is provided in the vicinity of the upper end portion in the pressure adjustment tank 4. The pressure data acquisition device 42 is connected to the recording device 5 as described above, and can output the acquired pressure data to the recording device 5.
また本メーター１において、記録装置５は、水位データ取得装置３２及び圧力データ取得装置４２に接続され、水位データ及び圧力データを記録することができるものである。また記録装置５には時刻データを取得することのできる計時機能が備えられており、水位データ及び圧力データをこの時刻データとともに記録することができる。なお、この記録された各データは外部に出力可能であり、使用者は、このデータに基づき、他の情報処理装置を用いて透水係数を求める処理を行うことができる。この処理については後述する。 Moreover, in this meter 1, the recording device 5 is connected to the water level data acquisition device 32 and the pressure data acquisition device 42, and can record water level data and pressure data. Further, the recording device 5 is provided with a time measuring function capable of acquiring time data, and water level data and pressure data can be recorded together with the time data. In addition, each recorded data can be output to the outside, and the user can perform a process of obtaining a hydraulic conductivity using another information processing apparatus based on this data. This process will be described later.
また本メーター１において、記録装置５は、上記計時機能の計時データ及び圧力データの少なくともいずれかに基づき圧力調整管４１に備えられる圧力調整バルブを開閉するバルブ開閉装置５１に接続されていることも好ましい。この結果、一定の時間経過、又は一定の圧力状態になった場合に、圧力調整バルブを開閉させ、より多くの機能が自動化された測定を可能とすることができる。より具体的には、浅い位置にある圧力調整管の圧力調整バルブを最初に開かせ、一定時間経過又は一定の圧力状態となった場合に、当該圧力調整管の圧力調整バルブを閉じ、次に浅い位置にある圧力調整バルブを開かせ、一定時間経過又は一定の圧力状態となった場合に、当該圧力調整管の圧力調整バルブを閉じ、次に浅い位置にある圧力調整バルブを開かせ、測定を以後順次行うことができるようになる。 In the meter 1, the recording device 5 may be connected to a valve opening / closing device 51 that opens and closes a pressure adjustment valve provided in the pressure adjustment pipe 41 based on at least one of the time measurement data and the pressure data of the time measurement function. preferable. As a result, when a certain time elapses or a certain pressure state is reached, the pressure adjustment valve can be opened and closed to enable measurement with more functions automated. More specifically, the pressure adjustment valve of the pressure adjustment pipe located in the shallow position is first opened, and when a certain time has passed or a certain pressure state is reached, the pressure adjustment valve of the pressure adjustment pipe is closed, and then When the pressure adjustment valve in the shallow position is opened and a certain time has elapsed or when a certain pressure state is reached, the pressure adjustment valve of the pressure adjustment pipe is closed, and then the pressure adjustment valve in the shallow position is opened and measured. Can be performed sequentially thereafter.
以上の構成の結果、本メーター１は、容易に精度の高い透水係数測定が可能となる。 As a result of the above configuration, the meter 1 can easily measure the water permeability coefficient with high accuracy.
ここで、本メーター１を用いて土壌の透水係数を測定する方法について具体的に説明する。 Here, the method of measuring the hydraulic conductivity of soil using the meter 1 will be specifically described.
（設置面の設定）
まず、透水係数を測定したい設置面を決定する。設置面を決定したら、給水ディスクを設置する面を均平に整形をする。ただし、この際設置面の土壌を必要以上に乱したり削ったりしてはならない。
(Installation surface setting)
First, determine the installation surface for which the hydraulic conductivity is to be measured. Once the installation surface is determined, the surface on which the water supply disk is installed is shaped evenly. However, the soil on the installation surface must not be disturbed or scraped more than necessary.
次に、この設置面の表面に若干湿らせた豊浦砂又は珪砂の層を配置し、直線の辺を有する部材（例えば「へら」等）を用いてその表面を均平にする。このようにすることで、給水ディスクを設置する平坦面を確保することができる。 Next, a layer of Toyoura sand or silica sand slightly moistened is disposed on the surface of the installation surface, and the surface is leveled using a member having a straight side (for example, “spa”). By doing in this way, the flat surface which installs a water supply disk is securable.
（給水ディスク、給水タンク、圧力調整タンクの準備）
一方、給水ディスクを準備し、給水ディスク内に水を供給する。なお、給水ディスク内からは給水の際、空気を追い出しておくことが必要である。またこの作業は、水を張った水槽内で行っておくことが好ましい。
(Preparation of water supply disk, water supply tank, pressure adjustment tank)
Meanwhile, a water supply disk is prepared and water is supplied into the water supply disk. In addition, it is necessary to expel air from the inside of the water supply disk when water is supplied. This operation is preferably performed in a water tank filled with water.
そして、給水ディスク、給水タンク、圧力調整タンクをそれぞれ接続させる（管がある場合は管を介して接続させる）。なおこの際、給水ディスクには空気が入らないよう注意する。接続後、各バルブは閉じ、タンク及びディスク内は閉じた状態としておくことが好ましい。 Then, the water supply disk, the water supply tank, and the pressure adjustment tank are connected to each other (if there is a pipe, they are connected via the pipe). At this time, be careful not to let air enter the water supply disk. After the connection, each valve is preferably closed, and the tank and the disk are preferably closed.
そして、給水タンクの蓋をあけ、給水タンクに所定の高さになるまで水を供給する。給水タンクには水を供給した後水位計を設置し、蓋及び栓をして密封する。 Then, the lid of the water supply tank is opened, and water is supplied to the water supply tank until it reaches a predetermined height. After supplying water to the water tank, install a water level gauge and seal it with a lid and stopper.
そして、圧力調整タンクにも上記給水タンクと同様、所定の高さに貯まるまで水を供給する。ただし、複数の圧力調整管に関しては、圧力調整バルブを開き、管内に水が入っていない状態（空にした状態）を確認してこの圧力調整バルブを閉めた後、圧力調整タンク内に水を充填し、複数の圧力調整タンクの下部分が水に浸るよう所定の高さになるまで水を貯める。なお、圧力調整タンクに水を供給する際、圧力調整タンク内の空気を逃がして水を貯める必要があるため、上記圧力調整管のいずれかを開放しておくことも好ましい一例である。ただし、水を供給した後は、圧力調整管内に水が残らないよう、排水管、バルブ、圧力調整バルブの開閉を適宜調整して行う。 Then, water is also supplied to the pressure adjustment tank until it is stored at a predetermined height, like the water supply tank. However, for multiple pressure adjustment pipes, open the pressure adjustment valve, check that there is no water in the pipe (empty state), close the pressure adjustment valve, and then supply water into the pressure adjustment tank. Fill and store water until the lower part of the pressure regulating tanks is at a predetermined height so that it can be immersed in water. Note that when water is supplied to the pressure adjustment tank, it is necessary to escape the air in the pressure adjustment tank and store the water, so that one of the pressure adjustment pipes is preferably opened. However, after the water is supplied, the drain pipe, valve, and pressure adjustment valve are appropriately opened and closed so that no water remains in the pressure adjustment pipe.
そして、給水タンクと圧力調整タンクの間のバルブを解放し、水を管内に導入する。なおこの作業は水の現象を抑えるためにできる限り短時間で行うことが好ましい。また、上記作業の後、給水タンクと圧力調整タンクの間のバルブは閉じ、圧力調整タンクの水量を、圧力調整管の水面への挿入量を見ながら調整する。 And the valve | bulb between a water supply tank and a pressure adjustment tank is open | released, and water is introduce | transduced in a pipe | tube. This operation is preferably performed in as short a time as possible to suppress the water phenomenon. Further, after the above operation, the valve between the water supply tank and the pressure adjustment tank is closed, and the amount of water in the pressure adjustment tank is adjusted while watching the amount of insertion of the pressure adjustment pipe into the water surface.
なおこの調整において、限定されるわけではないが、圧力調整管の水面への挿入量は、１ｃｍ以上５ｃｍ以下、３ｃｍ以上８ｃｍ以下、６ｃｍ以上１５ｃｍ以下のいずれかであって、異なる挿入量であることが好ましい。この範囲とすることで、より精密な測定を行うことができる。 In this adjustment, although not limited, the amount of insertion of the pressure adjusting tube into the water surface is any one of 1 cm to 5 cm, 3 cm to 8 cm, 6 cm to 15 cm, and different insertion amounts. It is preferable. By setting it within this range, more precise measurement can be performed.
（測定の開始）
次に、給水ディスクを設置面に設置するとともに、複数の圧力調整管のうち、もっとも浅く水に挿入されている圧力調整管（以下「第一の圧力調整管」という。）の圧力調整バルブを開放し、測定を開始する。この場合において、第一の圧力調整管の内部に水が浸入することとなるが、この水の浸入分、より具体的には圧力調整管の挿入量ｚ０から、設置面と給水タンクに接続される管Ｖ１の高さｚ１を引いた高さｈ（ｈ＝ｚ０−ｚ１）だけ給水タンク内の水には負圧が生じることとなるため、負圧を与えた状態で、設置面以下の地盤に水を浸透させていくことができる。
(Start of measurement)
Next, the water supply disk is installed on the installation surface, and the pressure adjustment valve of the pressure adjustment pipe (hereinafter referred to as the “first pressure adjustment pipe”), which is the shallowest of the plurality of pressure adjustment pipes, is inserted into the water. Open and start measurement. In this case, water enters the inside of the first pressure adjusting pipe, and this water intrusion, more specifically, the insertion amount z 0 of the pressure adjusting pipe is connected to the installation surface and the water supply tank. Since the negative pressure is generated in the water in the water supply tank only by the height h (h = z 0 -z 1 ) obtained by subtracting the height z 1 of the pipe V 1 to be installed, it is installed in a state where the negative pressure is applied. Water can penetrate into the ground below the surface.
そして、記録装置５は、水位データ取得装置及び圧力データ取得装置からの出力を随時自動で取得し、その取得時における時刻データとともに記録する。 And the recording apparatus 5 acquires automatically the output from a water level data acquisition apparatus and a pressure data acquisition apparatus at any time, and records it with the time data at the time of the acquisition.
そしてさらに、ある程度時間が経過し、給水速度が一定になった後、第一の圧力調整管のバルブを閉じ、その後速やかに次に挿入量の少ない圧力調整管（以下「第二の圧力調整管」という。）を開き、負圧量を変化させて、同様の測定を行い、さらにある程度時間が経過し、給水速度が一定になった後、第二の圧力調整管の圧力調整バルブを閉じ、次に挿入量の少ない圧力調整管（以下「第三の圧力調整管」という。）を開放する。 Furthermore, after a certain amount of time has passed and the water supply speed has become constant, the valve of the first pressure adjustment pipe is closed, and then the pressure adjustment pipe (hereinafter referred to as the “second pressure adjustment pipe” with the next smallest insertion amount) )), And the same measurement is performed by changing the amount of negative pressure. After a certain amount of time has passed and the water supply speed has become constant, the pressure adjustment valve of the second pressure adjustment pipe is closed, Next, the pressure adjusting tube with a small insertion amount (hereinafter referred to as “third pressure adjusting tube”) is opened.
この結果、記録装置は、第一の圧力調整管が開いた状態、第二の圧力調整管が開いた状態、第三の圧力調整管が開いた状態それぞれにおける圧力データ、水位データを時刻データとともに取得することができるため、これに基づき透水係数データを算出することができる。透水係数データは、種々の方法によって取得することができるが、例えば、“宮崎毅、西村拓，土壌物理実験法，東京大学出版会”に基づき算出することができる。 As a result, the recording apparatus records the pressure data and the water level data together with time data in the state in which the first pressure adjustment pipe is open, the second pressure adjustment pipe is open, and the third pressure adjustment pipe is open. Since it can be acquired, the hydraulic conductivity data can be calculated based on this. The hydraulic conductivity data can be acquired by various methods, and can be calculated based on, for example, “Miyazaki Hayao, Nishimura Taku, Soil Physics Experiment Method, University of Tokyo Press”.
以上、本発明によって、より容易に、精度の高い透水係数自動測定を可能とするディスクパーミアメーター及び透水係数測定方法を提供することができる。なお、この効果をより具体的に説明すると、本メーター１では、少なくとも三本以上の圧力調整管を設け、事前に各圧力調整管の挿入深度を上記した範囲にすることで異なる負圧による測定値を得ることができ、一つの管で圧力調整を行う必要がなくなるため、熟練した技能を有する場合でなくても、安定的に圧力調整を行うことができるとともに、圧力調整管を圧力調整タンクに対して摺動させる必要がなくなるため、より実験の精度を向上させることができるといった利点がある。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a disk permeometer and a method for measuring a water permeability coefficient that enable easy and highly accurate water permeability coefficient automatic measurement. This effect will be described more specifically. In this meter 1, at least three or more pressure adjusting tubes are provided, and the measurement is performed with different negative pressures by setting the insertion depth of each pressure adjusting tube in the above range in advance. The value can be obtained, and it is not necessary to adjust the pressure with a single pipe. Therefore, the pressure can be adjusted stably even without skilled skills. Therefore, there is an advantage that the accuracy of the experiment can be improved.
また、本実施形態では、測定の観点から一体型のディスクパーミアメーターを用いた例について説明しているが、一体型ではなく分離型のディスクパーミアメーターに適用させることもできる。 In the present embodiment, an example using an integrated disk permeameter is described from the viewpoint of measurement, but the present invention can also be applied to a separate disk permeameter instead of an integrated disk permeameter.
更に、本実施形態では、圧力調整管を圧力調整タンクの蓋に一体に固定する構成としているが、測定時において一体に固定することができる限り、測定時以外は深さを適宜調整できるよう解放、固定できる部材、具体的には圧力調整タンクの蓋に固定され、圧力調整管を貫通させることのできる第一の中空のねじ部材と、この第一の中空のねじ部材の周囲に配置され、圧力調整管及び中空のねじ部材を締め固めることのできる中空の第二のねじ部材と、を有するものとすることもできる。このようにすれば、その場での調整も可能となるといった利点がある。 Furthermore, in this embodiment, the pressure adjustment pipe is integrally fixed to the lid of the pressure adjustment tank. However, as long as the pressure adjustment pipe can be fixed integrally at the time of measurement, it is released so that the depth can be adjusted appropriately except during measurement. A member that can be fixed, specifically, a first hollow screw member that is fixed to the lid of the pressure adjustment tank and can pass through the pressure adjustment pipe, and is disposed around the first hollow screw member; And a hollow second screw member capable of compacting the pressure adjusting tube and the hollow screw member. In this way, there is an advantage that adjustment on the spot becomes possible.
本発明は、ディスクパーミアメーターとして産業上の利用可能性がある。 The present invention has industrial applicability as a disk permeometer.
Claims (3)
前記ディスクに接続され、水を収容するとともに水位計を備える空間が形成された給水タンクと、
前記給水タンクに接続され、水を収容するとともに、それぞれにおいて圧力調整バルブが備えられた少なくとも三本の圧力調整管を備える空間が形成された圧力調整タンクと、
前記圧力調整バルブの開閉を順次制御するバルブ開閉装置と、を有するディスクパーミアメーター。 A water supply disk to install on the ground surface and infiltrate the water,
A water supply tank connected to the disk and containing water and having a water level gauge formed therein,
A pressure adjusting tank connected to the water supply tank, containing water and having a space including at least three pressure adjusting pipes each having a pressure adjusting valve ;
A disk permeator having a valve opening and closing device for sequentially controlling the opening and closing of the pressure regulating valve ;
前記圧力調整タンク内の圧力データを取得する圧力データ取得装置と、
前記水位データ取得装置及び前記圧力データ取得装置に接続され、前記水位データ及び前記圧力データを記録する記録装置と、を有する請求項１記載のディスクパーミアメーター。 A water level data acquisition device for acquiring water level data of the water level meter;
A pressure data acquisition device for acquiring pressure data in the pressure adjustment tank;
The disk permeometer according to claim 1, further comprising: a recording device connected to the water level data acquisition device and the pressure data acquisition device and recording the water level data and the pressure data.
前記圧力調整タンク内の前記三本の圧力調整管の高さはそれぞれ異ならせて配置されており、
前記バルブ装置によって前記圧力調整バルブの開閉を制御することによって、前記圧力調整タンク内の圧力を順次調整して前記水位計の変化を計測する透水係数測定方法。
A water supply disk installed on the ground surface for infiltrating water, a water supply tank connected to the disk for containing water and having a space with a water level gauge, and connected to the water supply tank for containing water And at least three pressure adjusting pipes, a pressure adjusting tank provided with a pressure adjusting valve provided in each of the three pressure adjusting pipes, and a valve opening / closing device for controlling opening and closing of the pressure adjusting valves, respectively. A permeability measurement method using a permeameter,
The three pressure adjusting pipes in the pressure adjusting tank are arranged at different heights, respectively.
A hydraulic conductivity measuring method for measuring changes in the water level gauge by sequentially adjusting the pressure in the pressure adjusting tank by controlling opening and closing of the pressure adjusting valve by the valve device .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014147602A JP6482781B2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2014-07-18 | Disc permeameter and automatic permeability measurement method using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014147602A JP6482781B2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2014-07-18 | Disc permeameter and automatic permeability measurement method using the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2016024012A JP2016024012A (en) | 2016-02-08 |
| JP6482781B2 true JP6482781B2 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
Family
ID=55270892
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014147602A Active JP6482781B2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2014-07-18 | Disc permeameter and automatic permeability measurement method using the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6482781B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106483055A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-03-08 | 绍兴文理学院 | A kind of measurement capillary barrier material air-entry value and the integrated apparatus of infiltration coefficient |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3409233C1 (en) * | 1984-03-14 | 1985-10-10 | Palitex Project-Company Gmbh, 4150 Krefeld | Thread wetting device, in particular for a double wire twist spindle |
| JPH095226A (en) * | 1995-06-21 | 1997-01-10 | Masatoshi Aoki | Soil moisture sensor |
| JP2000352042A (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2000-12-19 | Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd | In-situ permeability test method and permeability coefficient measuring device |
| JP4844924B2 (en) * | 2006-01-27 | 2011-12-28 | 日本国土開発株式会社 | In-situ permeability test method |
| JP2013228384A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-11-07 | Daiki Rika Kogyo Kk | Infiltration measuring device |
-
2014
- 2014-07-18 JP JP2014147602A patent/JP6482781B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2016024012A (en) | 2016-02-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9453829B2 (en) | Soil property test device | |
| JP4844924B2 (en) | In-situ permeability test method | |
| AU2010291862B2 (en) | A method of determining surface level, and a soil moisture sensor | |
| CN106018740A (en) | Piezocone penetration test calibration tank system | |
| US9442001B2 (en) | Liquid level monitoring for reservoirs | |
| US9322142B2 (en) | In-situ scour testing device | |
| JP2007263658A (en) | Method for in-situ water sealing test on borehole filler, system for in-situ water sealing test on the borehole filler, method for permeability coefficient analysis of borehole filler top part, method for intensity analysis of the borehole filler top part, and experimental device for borehole filler in water-sealed chamber | |
| CN203758882U (en) | Coarse particle soil penetration test device eliminating boundary effect | |
| US20060042356A1 (en) | Measuring soil permeability in situ | |
| CN108120663B (en) | Device for measuring soil permeability coefficient and construction method thereof | |
| JP6482781B2 (en) | Disc permeameter and automatic permeability measurement method using the same | |
| JP5270650B2 (en) | Permeability test equipment | |
| Angulo-Jaramillo et al. | Saturated soil hydraulic conductivity | |
| US9551214B2 (en) | Method for determining the complex response of a permeable stratum | |
| CN206583772U (en) | A kind of device that infiltration coefficient is quickly measured based on variable water level method | |
| JP2019011608A (en) | Method and device for measuring saturation degree of subsoil | |
| JP2017194356A (en) | Expansive coefficient measurement method of expansive mortar | |
| Alaoui et al. | Dual-porosity modeling of groundwater recharge: testing a quick calibration using in situ moisture measurements, Areuse River Delta, Switzerland | |
| Yan et al. | Primary imbibition curve measurement using large soil column test | |
| CN109900615A (en) | Soil permeability coefficient test device and its test method | |
| CN112326525A (en) | Double-ring water seepage experiment device and method | |
| US4348897A (en) | Method and device for determining the transmissibility of a fluid-conducting borehole layer | |
| Ke et al. | Characterizing the hydraulic properties of unsaturated sand considering various porosities and drying‐wetting paths of the retention curve | |
| Moret‐Fernández et al. | An automated disc infiltrometer for infiltration rate measurements using a microflowmeter | |
| Skinner et al. | A null-buoyancy thermal flow meter with potential application to the measurement of the hydraulic conductivity of soils |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20170714 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20180413 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20180507 |
|
| A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20180706 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20180905 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20190129 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20190213 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6482781 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |