JP6467317B2 - Metal processing apparatus and processing method - Google Patents
Metal processing apparatus and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- JP6467317B2 JP6467317B2 JP2015159599A JP2015159599A JP6467317B2 JP 6467317 B2 JP6467317 B2 JP 6467317B2 JP 2015159599 A JP2015159599 A JP 2015159599A JP 2015159599 A JP2015159599 A JP 2015159599A JP 6467317 B2 JP6467317 B2 JP 6467317B2
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000013004 three-dimensional hot bending Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013003 hot bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Description
本発明は、金属材の加工装置および加工方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a metal material processing apparatus and a processing method.
特許文献１には、被加工材である中空かつ閉じた断面の金属材をその軸方向に送りながら、この金属材における送り方向の先端を、その内部に挿設されるチャック（以降、「先端チャック」という）により把持するとともに、金属材における送り方向の後端をその内部に挿設されるチャック（以降、「後端チャック」という）により把持し、鋼管を移動自在に支持する支持ガイドの送り方向の下流に配置された高周波誘導加熱装置および水冷装置によって鋼管の一部に部分的な高温部を形成し、先端チャックあるいは可動ローラダイスを所定の軌道で移動させることにより、焼入れされた曲げ部材（例えば自動車のドアーインパクトビームやシートクロスメンバー等）を製造する発明が開示されている。以下、本明細書ではこの加工法を３次元熱間曲げ焼入れ（3DQ:3 Dimensional Hot Bending and Quench）ともいう。なお、支持ガイドは、鋼管を高周波誘導加熱装置および水冷装置の近傍で位置決めしながら、先端チャックあるいは可動ローラダイスと協働して前記高温部に曲げモーメントまたはせん断力を与える。 Patent Document 1 discloses a chuck (hereinafter referred to as “tip”) in which a metal material having a hollow and closed cross-section, which is a workpiece, is fed in the axial direction, and the leading end in the feeding direction of the metal material is inserted therein. Of the support guide that supports the steel pipe in a movable manner by holding the rear end of the metal material in the feed direction with a chuck inserted therein (hereinafter referred to as “rear end chuck”). A high-frequency induction heating device and a water cooling device arranged downstream in the feed direction form a partially hot part in the steel pipe, and the tip chuck or movable roller die is moved along a predetermined track to quench the bending. An invention for manufacturing a member (for example, an automobile door impact beam or a seat cross member) is disclosed. Hereinafter, in this specification, this processing method is also referred to as three-dimensional hot bending and quenching (3DQ). The support guide gives a bending moment or a shearing force to the high temperature portion in cooperation with the tip chuck or the movable roller die while positioning the steel pipe in the vicinity of the high frequency induction heating device and the water cooling device.
図１５は、４つのチャック爪２ａ〜２ｄを有する角管１の後端チャック２が、角管１の後端部を把持しながら、対向配置される４つのロール３ａ〜３ｄからなる支持ガイド３を通過する状況を想定して示す断面図である。図１５を参照しながら行う以降の説明では、３ＤＱにおける素材である金属材が角管1である場合を例にとる。 FIG. 15 shows a support guide 3 composed of four rolls 3a to 3d arranged opposite to each other while a rear end chuck 2 of the square tube 1 having four chuck claws 2a to 2d grips the rear end portion of the square tube 1. It is sectional drawing shown supposing the condition which passes through. In the following description with reference to FIG. 15, a case where the metal material that is a material in 3DQ is the square tube 1 is taken as an example.
３次元熱間曲げ焼入れには、歩留まりを向上させるべく、素材である角管１の切り捨て部分をできるだけ少なくして曲げ部材を製造することが求められている。この方策として、後端チャック２が把持している角管１の後端部まで加工することや、特許文献１の図６にあるように先端チャックを可動ローラダイスに挿入した状態から加工を開始することが挙げられる。このためには、角管１の後端部を把持する後端チャック２が支持ガイド３のロール３ａ〜３ｄを通過するまで加工を続けること、あるいは先端チャックが可動ローラダイスを通過することになる。 In the three-dimensional hot bending quenching, in order to improve the yield, it is required to produce a bending member with as few portions as possible of the rectangular tube 1 as a material. As this measure, the processing is started from the state in which the rear end portion of the square tube 1 gripped by the rear end chuck 2 is processed or the front end chuck is inserted into the movable roller die as shown in FIG. To do. For this purpose, the processing is continued until the rear end chuck 2 that holds the rear end portion of the square tube 1 passes through the rolls 3a to 3d of the support guide 3, or the front end chuck passes through the movable roller die. .
図１５に示すように、後端チャック２の４つのチャック爪２ａ〜２ｄは、図示しない適当な加圧機構により角管１の４つの辺１ａ〜１ｄの内面に適当な荷重で当接することにより、角管１の後端部を把持する。 As shown in FIG. 15, the four chuck claws 2a to 2d of the rear end chuck 2 are brought into contact with the inner surfaces of the four sides 1a to 1d of the square tube 1 with an appropriate load by an appropriate pressure mechanism (not shown). The rear end of the square tube 1 is gripped.
後端チャック２がこのようにして角管１の後端部を把持しながら支持ガイド３を通過する際には、角管１の４つの辺１ａ〜１ｄは、後端チャック２のチャック爪２ａ〜２ｄと、支持ガイド３のロール３ａ〜３ｄとにより強く押圧される。同様に、角管１の先端部においても先端チャックのチャック爪と可動ローラダイスに挟まれる箇所は強く押圧される。 When the rear end chuck 2 passes the support guide 3 while gripping the rear end portion of the square tube 1 in this way, the four sides 1a to 1d of the square tube 1 are connected to the chuck claws 2a of the rear end chuck 2. To 2d and the rolls 3a to 3d of the support guide 3 are strongly pressed. Similarly, at the tip of the square tube 1, the portion sandwiched between the chuck claw of the tip chuck and the movable roller die is strongly pressed.
しかし、本発明者らが鋭意検討したところ、後端チャック２のチャック爪２ａ〜２ｄが角管１の４つの辺１ａ〜１ｄの内面に当接することによる荷重に起因して、角管１の４つの辺１ａ〜１ｄは断面外側へ微小（０．０５ｍｍ〜０．５ｍｍ程度）ながらも膨出変形するため、後端チャック２が支持ガイド３を通過すると、以下に列記の新規な課題１、２があることが判明した。 However, as a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, due to the load caused by the chuck claws 2a to 2d of the rear end chuck 2 coming into contact with the inner surfaces of the four sides 1a to 1d of the square tube 1, the square tube 1 Since the four sides 1a to 1d bulge and deform to the outside of the cross section while being minute (about 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm), when the rear end chuck 2 passes through the support guide 3, the following new problem 1 listed below, 2 was found.
（１）課題１
チャックの爪２ａ〜２ｄが角管１に当接して生じた角管１の膨出部と支持ガイド３のロール３ａ〜３ｄが接触した結果、支持ガイド３のロール３ａ〜３ｄと角管１の膨出部に疵が付くことに起因して、（ａ）角管１の膨出部の品質不良（疵）、（ｂ）支持ガイド３のロール３ａ〜３ｄに生じた疵が後続の角管に転写される品質不良（疵）、（ｃ）角管１の膨出部が支持ガイド３のロール３ａ〜３ｄに接触しないように角管１の移送範囲を制限することによって生じる未加工部の増大による歩留り低下、（ｄ）支持ガイド３のロール３ａ〜３ｄの疵の確認や手入、ロール交換といった作業負荷の増加、これらの作業に伴う設備停止やロール交換費用上昇が発生する。
(1) Problem 1
As a result of the contact between the bulging portion of the square tube 1 generated by the chuck claws 2a to 2d coming into contact with the square tube 1 and the rolls 3a to 3d of the support guide 3, the rolls 3a to 3d of the support guide 3 and the square tube 1 Due to the wrinkles on the bulging portion, (a) poor quality of the bulging portion of the square tube 1 (疵), (b) wrinkles generated on the rolls 3a to 3d of the support guide 3 are the following square tubes. (C) The unprocessed part produced by limiting the transfer range of the square tube 1 so that the bulging part of the square tube 1 does not contact the rolls 3a to 3d of the support guide 3 A decrease in yield due to the increase, (d) an increase in work load such as confirmation and care of rolls 3a to 3d of the support guide 3, and a roll replacement, and a stoppage of equipment and an increase in roll replacement costs associated with these operations occur.
（２）課題２
チャックの爪２ａ〜２ｄが角管１に当接することにより生じた角管１の膨出部が支持ガイド３のロール３ａ〜３ｄを通り抜けて送り込むために生じる角管１の軸芯ずれや軸芯振れが引き起こす品質不良（加工精度低下）が発生する。支持ガイド３のロール３ａ〜３ｄを通り抜けて角管１の膨出部を送り込む場合に膨出部がロール３ａ〜３ｄに引っ掛かることを防ぐためには、（ｅ）ロール３ａ〜３ｄと角管３との間の遊び（隙間）を多く設定したり、（ｆ）ロール３ａ〜３ｄに作用する負荷に応じてロール３ａ〜３ｄを変位（後退）させたり、（ｇ）チャックがロール３ａ〜３ｄを通過するタイミングでロール３ａ〜３ｄを後退させる等の対策を講じざるを得ないが、これにより、支持ガイド３のロール３ａ〜３ｄによる角管１の位置決め精度が低下し、角管１の軸芯ずれや軸芯振れが誘発され、加工精度が低下する。
(2) Problem 2
The shaft tube misalignment or the shaft center of the square tube 1 caused by the swollen portion of the square tube 1 generated by the chuck claws 2a to 2d coming into contact with the square tube 1 passing through the rolls 3a to 3d of the support guide 3 is fed. A quality defect (deterioration of processing accuracy) caused by runout occurs. In order to prevent the bulging portion from being caught by the rolls 3a to 3d when the bulging portion of the square tube 1 is fed through the rolls 3a to 3d of the support guide 3, (e) the rolls 3a to 3d and the square tube 3 (F) The rolls 3a to 3d are displaced (retracted) according to the load acting on the rolls 3a to 3d, or (g) the chuck passes through the rolls 3a to 3d. Measures such as retreating the rolls 3a to 3d at the timing of the rotation are unavoidable, but as a result, the positioning accuracy of the square tube 1 by the rolls 3a to 3d of the support guide 3 is reduced, and the shaft center of the square tube 1 is displaced And shaft center runout is induced, and machining accuracy decreases.
上記課題１、２は、先端チャックと可動ローラダイスにおいても同様に存在する。また、図１５の説明では金属材が角管１である場合を例にとった。しかし、課題１、２は金属材が角管１以外の他の断面形状（丸管、楕円管、異形管等）を有する場合においても、同様に存在する。 The above problems 1 and 2 also exist in the tip chuck and the movable roller die. Further, in the description of FIG. 15, the case where the metal material is the square tube 1 is taken as an example. However, the problems 1 and 2 exist similarly even when the metal material has a cross-sectional shape other than the square tube 1 (round tube, elliptical tube, deformed tube, etc.).
図１１は、本発明者らが完成した本発明における後端チャック１０が角管１の後端部を把持しながら、対向配置される４つのロール３ａ〜３ｄからなる支持ガイド３を通過する状況を想定して示す断面図である。 FIG. 11 shows a situation in which the rear end chuck 10 in the present invention completed by the present inventors passes through the support guide 3 composed of four rolls 3a to 3d arranged to face each other while gripping the rear end portion of the square tube 1. FIG.
本発明者らは、上記課題１、２を解決するために鋭意検討を重ねた結果、例えば図１１に例示するように、後端チャック１０の４つのチャック爪１０ａ〜１０ｄを、支持ガイド３のロール３ａ〜３ｄが当接する角管１の辺１ａ〜１ｄを除いた部分（図１１に示す例では角管１の４つの頂点１ｅ〜１ｈの近傍）に当接させることにより、チャック爪１０ａ〜１０ｄに負荷される角管断面外向きの加圧力がロール３ａ〜３ｄに直接負荷されることを防ぐとともに、チャック爪１０ａ〜１０ｄとロール３ａ〜３ｄとの接触域を低減し、これにより、角管１の断面変形に起因した支持ガイド３への影響を低減できることを知見し、さらに検討を重ねて本発明を完成した。本発明は以下に列記の通りである。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems 1 and 2, the present inventors, as illustrated in FIG. 11, for example, attach the four chuck claws 10 a to 10 d of the rear end chuck 10 to the support guide 3. The chuck claws 10a to 10a are brought into contact with the portions excluding the sides 1a to 1d of the square tube 1 with which the rolls 3a to 3d abut (in the example shown in FIG. 11, in the vicinity of the four apexes 1e to 1h of the square tube 1). In addition to preventing the outward pressure applied to the cross section of the square tube applied to 10d from being applied directly to the rolls 3a to 3d, the contact area between the chuck claws 10a to 10d and the rolls 3a to 3d is reduced, thereby It was found that the influence on the support guide 3 due to the cross-sectional deformation of the tube 1 could be reduced, and further studies were made to complete the present invention. The present invention is listed below.
本発明は、図１１に例示するように、閉じた断面を有する中空の金属材１の端部の内部に挿設されて、金属材１の内面の一部にチャック爪１０ａ〜１０ｄを加圧状態で当接させることにより金属材１を把持する後端チャック１０と、金属材１の外面の一部１ａ〜１ｄを支持して位置決めする支持機構３ａ〜３ｄとを備える金属材１の加工装置において、支持機構３ａ〜３ｄにおける金属材の進行方向と交差する断面において、後端チャック１０のチャック爪１０ａ〜１０ｄは、支持機構３ａ〜３ｄが当接する金属材１の外面１ａ〜１ｄを除いた部位１ｅ〜１ｈの内面に当接することを特徴とする金属材１の加工装置である。 As illustrated in FIG. 11, the present invention is inserted into the end of a hollow metal material 1 having a closed cross section, and presses the chuck claws 10 a to 10 d on a part of the inner surface of the metal material 1. Processing device for metal material 1 comprising rear end chuck 10 for gripping metal material 1 by being brought into contact with each other and support mechanisms 3a to 3d for supporting and positioning portions 1a to 1d of the outer surface of metal material 1 2, the chuck claws 10 a to 10 d of the rear end chuck 10 exclude the outer surfaces 1 a to 1 d of the metal material 1 with which the support mechanisms 3 a to 3 d abut in the cross section that intersects the traveling direction of the metal material in the support mechanisms 3 a to 3 d. It is a processing apparatus of the metal material 1 which contacts the inner surface of the site | parts 1e-1h.
別の観点からは、本発明は、図１１に例示するように、閉じた断面を有する中空の金属材１の端部の内部に、金属材１の内面の一部にチャック爪１０ａ〜１０ｄを加圧状態で当接させることにより金属材１を後端チャック１０で把持し、金属材１の外面の一部を支持機構３ａ〜３ｄにより支持して位置決めしながら金属材１に加工を行う際に、支持機構３ａ〜３ｄにおける金属材１の軸方向と交差する断面において、後端チャック１０のチャック爪１０ａ〜１０ｄを、支持機構３ａ〜３ｄが当接する金属材１の外面１ａ〜１ｄを除いた部位１ｅ〜１ｈの内面に当接させることを特徴とする金属材１の加工方法である。 From another viewpoint, as illustrated in FIG. 11, the present invention provides chuck claws 10 a to 10 d on the inside of the end portion of the hollow metal material 1 having a closed cross section and on a part of the inner surface of the metal material 1. When the metal material 1 is gripped by the rear end chuck 10 by being brought into contact in a pressurized state, and a part of the outer surface of the metal material 1 is supported and positioned by the support mechanisms 3a to 3d, and the metal material 1 is processed. Furthermore, in the cross section intersecting with the axial direction of the metal material 1 in the support mechanisms 3a to 3d, the chuck claws 10a to 10d of the rear end chuck 10 are excluded from the outer surfaces 1a to 1d of the metal material 1 with which the support mechanisms 3a to 3d abut. It is the processing method of the metal material 1 characterized by making it contact | abut to the inner surface of the other site | parts 1e-1h.
先端チャックと可動ローラダイスの場合においても、同様に先端チャックの爪を可動ローラダイスのロールが当接する金属材の外面を除いた部位の内面に当接させることにより、上記課題を解決できる。 In the case of the tip chuck and the movable roller die, similarly, the above problem can be solved by bringing the claw of the tip chuck into contact with the inner surface of the portion excluding the outer surface of the metal material with which the roll of the movable roller die contacts.
本発明によれば、チャックのチャック爪が金属材の断面内側から外向きに加圧力を付与する箇所と、支持ガイドや可動ローラダイスが金属材の断面外側を支持する箇所とを金属材断面上でずらすことにより、チャック爪と支持ガイドまたは可動ローラダイスとが金属材を挟んで変形させることを防止でき、これにより、金属材、支持ガイドや可動ローラダイスへの疵の発生を防止するとともに、金属材の端部の加工精度の低下を防ぐことができる。 According to the present invention, the location where the chuck claw of the chuck applies pressure outward from the inside of the cross section of the metal material and the location where the support guide or the movable roller die supports the outside of the cross section of the metal material are shown on the cross section of the metal material. By shifting, the chuck claw and the support guide or the movable roller die can be prevented from being deformed by sandwiching the metal material, thereby preventing the occurrence of wrinkles on the metal material, the support guide and the movable roller die, It is possible to prevent a decrease in processing accuracy of the end portion of the metal material.
このため、本発明によれば、金属材の端部（チャックにより把持される部分あるいはその近傍）まで加工を行うことができ、高い歩留まりを実現できる。 For this reason, according to this invention, it can process to the edge part (part gripped by the chuck | zipper, or its vicinity), and can implement | achieve a high yield.
以降の説明では、金属材が焼入れ可能な化学組成を有する断面略円形の鋼管１−１である場合を例にとるが、図１１にも示すように角管といった中空の閉じた断面を有する金属材にも等しく適用される。 In the following description, the case where the metal material is a steel tube 1-1 having a substantially circular cross section having a quenchable chemical composition will be taken as an example, but a metal having a hollow closed cross section such as a square tube as shown in FIG. The same applies to the material.
図１，２は、いずれも、本発明に係る加工装置１１，１２の全体構成を模式的に示す説明図である。また、図３，４は、後端チャック１０−１の動作を示す説明図であり、図３は鋼管１−１の把持前を示し、図４は鋼管１−１の把持中を示す。 1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams schematically showing the overall configuration of the processing apparatuses 11 and 12 according to the present invention. 3 and 4 are explanatory views showing the operation of the rear end chuck 10-1, FIG. 3 shows a state before gripping the steel pipe 1-1, and FIG. 4 shows that the steel pipe 1-1 is being gripped.
本発明に係る加工装置１１，１２は、図１，２に示すように、後端チャック１０−１と、支持機構３−１，３−２を備える。 The processing apparatuses 11 and 12 according to the present invention include a rear end chuck 10-1 and support mechanisms 3-1 and 3-2 as shown in FIGS.
後端チャック１０−１は、図３，４に示すように、鋼管１−１の後端部１−１ａの内部に挿設され、チャック爪２２ａ〜２２ｄ，２２ａ〜２２ｃを適当な加圧機構により鋼管１−１の内面へ向けて押圧することにより、鋼管１−１の内面の一部にチャック爪２２ａ〜２２ｄ，２２ａ〜２２ｃを当接させて鋼管１−１を掴む。 The rear end chuck 10-1 is inserted into the rear end portion 1-1a of the steel pipe 1-1 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the chuck claws 22a to 22d and 22a to 22c are connected to an appropriate pressurizing mechanism. By pressing toward the inner surface of the steel pipe 1-1, the chuck claws 22a to 22d and 22a to 22c are brought into contact with a part of the inner surface of the steel pipe 1-1 to grip the steel pipe 1-1.
後端チャック１０−１は、鋼管１，１−１の軸方向へ送る。後端チャック１０−１を送る機構としては、特定の機構には限定されず、例えば、ボールねじを用いた送り機構や、産業用ロボットを用いることが例示される
加工装置１１，１２の相違点は、支持機構３−１，３−２の相違であり、支持機構３−１は鋼管１−１の外周面に回転しながら当接するロールを用いるロール式支持ガイドである場合を示し、支持機構３−２は鋼管１−１の外周面に対して摺動しながら当接する摺動式支持ガイドである場合を示す。
The rear end chuck 10-1 is fed in the axial direction of the steel pipes 1-1. The mechanism for feeding the rear end chuck 10-1 is not limited to a specific mechanism. For example, a feeding mechanism using a ball screw or an industrial robot is exemplified. Is a difference between the support mechanisms 3-1 and 3-2, and the support mechanism 3-1 is a roll-type support guide that uses a roll that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe 1-1. 3-2 shows the case where it is a sliding support guide which contacts with the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe 1-1 while sliding.
支持機構３−１，３−２は、いずれも、鋼管１−１の外面の一部を支持して位置決めしながら鋼管１−１を後端部１−１ａから先端部１−１ｂへ向かう方向へ送る。 Each of the support mechanisms 3-1 and 3-2 supports the part of the outer surface of the steel pipe 1-1 and positions the steel pipe 1-1 from the rear end 1-1a to the front end 1-1b. Send to.
加工装置１１，１２は、さらに、支持機構３−１，３−２よりも鋼管１−１の送り方向の下流に配置されて鋼管１−１を焼入れ可能温度域に加熱する高周波誘導加熱機構（コイル）１４と、高周波誘導加熱コイル１４よりも送り方向の下流に配置されて高周波加熱コイル１４により加熱された鋼管１−１を冷却してマルテンサイト変態させる冷却装置１５と、鋼管１−１における焼入れ可能温度域に加熱された部分に支持機構３−１，３−２とともに曲げモーメントまたはせん断力を与えることにより、焼入れされた曲げ部材を製造する外力負荷機構１６とを備える。 Further, the processing apparatuses 11 and 12 are arranged downstream of the support mechanisms 3-1 and 3-2 in the feed direction of the steel pipe 1-1 to heat the steel pipe 1-1 to a quenchable temperature range ( Coil) 14, a cooling device 15 disposed downstream of the high-frequency induction heating coil 14 in the feed direction and cooled by the high-frequency heating coil 14 for martensitic transformation, and in the steel pipe 1-1 An external force load mechanism 16 for producing a quenched bending member is provided by applying a bending moment or a shearing force together with the support mechanisms 3-1 and 3-2 to a portion heated to a quenchable temperature range.
外力負荷機構１６は、鋼管１−１の先端部１−１ｂの内部に挿設されて鋼管１−１の内面の一部にチャック爪を当接させることにより鋼管１−１を掴む先端チャック１７と、先端チャック１７を保持しながら所望の方向へ移動するマニピュレータ１８を有する産業用ロボットとにより構成されることが例示される。しかし、この態様に限定される物ではなく、図１３のように鋼管１−１をその軸方向へ移動自在に位置決めできる可動ローラダイスを冷却装置１５の下流に配置し、この可動ローラダイスを例えば産業用ロボットや移動装置により支持するようにしてもよい。 The external force load mechanism 16 is inserted into the front end 1-1b of the steel pipe 1-1, and a tip chuck 17 that grips the steel pipe 1-1 by bringing a chuck claw into contact with a part of the inner surface of the steel pipe 1-1. And an industrial robot having a manipulator 18 that moves in a desired direction while holding the tip chuck 17. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 13, a movable roller die capable of positioning the steel pipe 1-1 so as to be movable in the axial direction is disposed downstream of the cooling device 15, and the movable roller die is, for example, You may make it support by an industrial robot and a moving apparatus.
加工装置１１，１２は、後端チャック１０−１、支持機構３−１，３−２、高周波誘導加熱コイル１４、冷却装置１５および外力負荷機構１６を用いることにより、鋼管１−１に３次元熱間曲げ焼入れを行って、焼入れされた曲げ部材を製造する。 The processing devices 11 and 12 use a rear end chuck 10-1, support mechanisms 3-1 and 3-2, a high-frequency induction heating coil 14, a cooling device 15 and an external force load mechanism 16 to form a three-dimensional steel pipe 1-1. Hot bending quenching is performed to produce a quenched bending member.
本例では、外力負荷機構１６により３次元熱間曲げ焼入れを行うが、これには限定されず、加工の種類は例えば、単一曲率の曲げ加工や金属材の熱処理といった他のものでもよい。 In this example, three-dimensional hot bending and quenching is performed by the external force load mechanism 16, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of processing such as bending with a single curvature or heat treatment of a metal material may be used.
図５は、チャック爪１９ａ〜１９ｄを有する後端チャック１９と、ロール２０ａ，２０ｂを用いるロール式支持ガイド２０とによる鋼管１−１の従来の把持状態を示す説明図であり、図６は、チャック爪１９ａ〜１９ｄを有する従来の後端チャック１９と、ガイドシュー２１ａ，２１ｂを有する摺動式支持ガイド２１とによる鋼管１−１の従来の把持状態を示す説明図である。 FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a conventional gripping state of the steel pipe 1-1 by the rear end chuck 19 having the chuck claws 19a to 19d and the roll-type support guide 20 using the rolls 20a and 20b. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional holding | grip state of the steel pipe 1-1 by the conventional rear end chuck | zipper 19 which has the chuck | zipper claws 19a-19d, and the sliding support guide 21 which has guide shoes 21a and 21b.
図５，６に示すように、従来は、後端チャック１９のチャック爪１９ａ〜１９ｄと、支持機構３−１，３−２のロール２０ａ，２０ｂ，ガイドシュー２１ａ，２１ｂとにより、鋼管１−１は強く挟まれて加工を行われていたため、ロール２０ａ，２０ｂ，ガイドシュー２１ａ，２１ｂの表面に疵が付き、その寿命が低下したり鋼管に疵をつけたりしていた。 As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, conventionally, a steel pipe 1-1 is formed by chuck claws 19 a to 19 d of the rear end chuck 19, rolls 20 a and 20 b and guide shoes 21 a and 21 b of the support mechanisms 3-1 and 3-2. Since 1 was strongly sandwiched and processed, the surfaces of the rolls 20a and 20b and the guide shoes 21a and 21b were wrinkled, and the life thereof was reduced or the steel pipe was wrinkled.
また、鋼管１−１の断面変形による膨出部がロール２０ａ，２０ｂ，ガイドシュー２１ａ，２１ｂに強く当接し、後端チャック１９がロール２０ａ，２０ｂ，ガイドシュー２１ａ，２１ｂを通過することができず、後端チャック１９がロール２０ａ，２０ｂ，ガイドシュー２１ａ，２１ｂに到達する直前で、鋼管１−１の送りを止めて加工を終了せざるを得なかったため、鋼管１−１の後端部１−１ａ（後端チャック１９により把持される部分）まで加工を行えず、高い歩留りを実現できなかった。 Moreover, the bulging part by the cross-sectional deformation | transformation of the steel pipe 1-1 can contact | abut strongly to roll 20a, 20b, guide shoe 21a, 21b, and the rear end chuck | zipper 19 can pass roll 20a, 20b, guide shoe 21a, 21b. Since the rear end chuck 19 had to stop the feed by stopping the feed of the steel pipe 1-1 immediately before reaching the rolls 20a, 20b and the guide shoes 21a, 21b, the rear end of the steel pipe 1-1 Processing could not be performed up to 1-1a (portion gripped by the rear end chuck 19), and high yield could not be realized.
これに対し、膨出部の膨出高さの分ロール２０ａ，２０ｂ，ガイドシュー２１ａ，２１ｂを広げ、遊びを設ける等の対策をとったところ、設けた遊びに起因する鋼管の軸心ずれや軸心振れが発生し、加工精度の低下を引き起こしてしまった。 On the other hand, when measures such as widening the rolls 20a and 20b and the guide shoes 21a and 21b and providing play for the bulge height of the bulge part are taken, the axial misalignment of the steel pipe caused by the provided play and Axial runout occurred, causing a reduction in machining accuracy.
図７は、本発明における後端チャック１０−１とロール式支持ガイド３−１による鋼管１−１の把持状態を示す説明図であり、図８は、本発明における後端チャック１０−１と摺動式支持ガイド３−２による鋼管１−１の把持状態を示す説明図である。 FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a gripping state of the steel pipe 1-1 by the rear end chuck 10-1 and the roll-type support guide 3-1 in the present invention, and FIG. 8 shows the rear end chuck 10-1 in the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the holding state of the steel pipe 1-1 by the sliding support guide 3-2.
図７，８に示すように、本発明では、支持機構３−１，３−２における鋼管１−１の送り方向と交差する断面において、後端チャック１０−１のチャック爪２２ａ〜２２ｄは、支持機構３−１の断面Ｖ型のロール２３ａ，２３ｂ，支持機構３−２の断面Ｖ型のガイドシュー２４ａ，２４ｂが当接する鋼管１−１の外面２５を除いた部位２６の内面に当接する。 As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in the present invention, the chuck claws 22 a to 22 d of the rear end chuck 10-1 in the cross section intersecting with the feed direction of the steel pipe 1-1 in the support mechanisms 3-1 and 3-2 are as follows. The rolls 23a and 23b having a V-shaped cross section of the support mechanism 3-1 and the guide shoes 24a and 24b having a V-shaped cross section of the support mechanism 3-2 are in contact with the inner surface of the portion 26 excluding the outer surface 25 of the steel pipe 1-1. .
これにより、支持機構３−１のロール２３ａ，２３ｂ，支持機構３−２のガイドシュー２４ａ，２４ｂの表面に疵が付くことによるこれらの寿命低下と鋼管への疵発生を防止できるとともに、鋼管１−１の断面変形による膨出部が支持機構３−１のロール２３ａ，２３ｂ，支持機構３−２のガイドシュー２４ａ，２４ｂと干渉しないため、特に支持機構３−１、３−２と鋼管１−１の間に膨出部の高さに応じた遊びを設けなくても後端チャック１０−１が、持機構３−１のロール２３ａ，２３ｂ，支持機構３−２のガイドシュー２４ａ，２４ｂを通過でき、鋼管１−１の後端部１−１ａ(後端チャック１０−１による把持部近傍)までの加工できるようになるので、加工精度を維持したまま歩留りが向上する。 As a result, it is possible to prevent the life of the rolls 23a and 23b of the support mechanism 3-1 and the guide shoes 24a and 24b of the support mechanism 3-2 from being wrinkled and to prevent the steel pipe 1 from generating wrinkles. -1 is not interfered with the rolls 23a and 23b of the support mechanism 3-1, and the guide shoes 24a and 24b of the support mechanism 3-2. -1, the rear end chuck 10-1 does not have any play depending on the height of the bulging portion, and the rear end chuck 10-1 can move the rolls 23a and 23b of the holding mechanism 3-1 and the guide shoes 24a and 24b of the support mechanism 3-2. Can be processed up to the rear end portion 1-1a of the steel pipe 1-1 (in the vicinity of the grip portion by the rear end chuck 10-1), so that the yield is improved while maintaining the processing accuracy.
以上説明したように、鋼管１−１に対しては、４つのチャック爪２２ａ〜２２ｄを有する後端チャック１０−１と、断面Ｖ型のロール２３ａ，２３ｂ，支持機構３−２の断面Ｖ型のガイドシュー２４ａ，２４ｂを有する支持機構３−１を用いることが望ましい。 As described above, for the steel pipe 1-1, the rear end chuck 10-1 having the four chuck claws 22a to 22d, the rolls 23a and 23b having the V-shaped section, and the V-shaped section of the support mechanism 3-2. It is desirable to use the support mechanism 3-1 having the guide shoes 24a and 24b.
図９は、本発明における後端チャック１０−１とロール式支持ガイド３−１による鋼管１−１の他の把持状態を示す説明図であり、図１０は、本発明における後端チャック１０−１と摺動式支持ガイド３−２による鋼管１−１の他の把持状態を示す説明図である。 FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing another gripping state of the steel pipe 1-1 by the rear end chuck 10-1 and the roll-type support guide 3-1 in the present invention, and FIG. 10 shows the rear end chuck 10- in the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other holding state of the steel pipe 1-1 by 1 and the sliding support guide 3-2.
図９，１０は、後端チャック１０−１のチャック爪２２ａ〜２２ｃの数が、図７，８に示す４個ではなく、３個の場合を示す。 9 and 10 show a case where the number of chuck claws 22a to 22c of the rear end chuck 10-1 is three instead of the four shown in FIGS.
３個のチャック爪２２ａ〜２２ｃを有する後端チャック１０−１を用いる場合には、図９，１０に示すように、Ｖ型のロール２７と扇型のロール２９とを併用したり、あるいは、Ｖ型のガイドシュー２８と扇型のガイドシュー３０とを併用することが、後端チャックのチャック爪に負荷される金属材断面外向きの加圧力が支持ガイドに直接負荷されることを防ぐとともに後端チャックのチャックと支持ガイドとの接触域を低減するためには、望ましい。 When the rear end chuck 10-1 having three chuck claws 22a to 22c is used, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a V-shaped roll 27 and a fan-shaped roll 29 may be used in combination, or The combined use of the V-shaped guide shoe 28 and the fan-shaped guide shoe 30 prevents the metal member cross-section outward pressure applied to the chuck claws of the rear end chuck from being directly applied to the support guide. It is desirable to reduce the contact area between the chuck of the rear end chuck and the support guide.
図１２（ａ）および図１２（ｂ）は、いずれも、本発明における後端チャック１０−１とロール式支持ガイド３−１による鋼管１−１の他の把持状態を示す説明図である。 12 (a) and 12 (b) are explanatory views showing other gripping states of the steel pipe 1-1 by the rear end chuck 10-1 and the roll-type support guide 3-1.
支持ガイド（ロール式支持ガイド３−１）におけるロール２３の設置数は、図７，８に示すように２つには限定されず、図１２（ａ），図１２（ｂ）に示すように、３つ以上であってもよい。図１２（ａ）に示す場合には３つのチャック爪２２ａ〜２２ｃを用い、図１２（ｂ）に示す場合には４つのチャック爪２２ａ〜２２ｄを用いることが例示される。 The number of rolls 23 installed in the support guide (roll-type support guide 3-1) is not limited to two as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, but as shown in FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b). Three or more may be sufficient. In the case shown in FIG. 12A, three chuck claws 22a to 22c are used, and in the case shown in FIG. 12B, four chuck claws 22a to 22d are used.
図８〜１２を参照しながら説明したように、本発明によれば、後端チャック１０，１０−１のチャック爪１０ａ〜１０ｄ，２２ａおよび２２ｂ（または２２ａ〜２２ｃ，２２ａ〜２２ｄ）により負荷される鋼管断面外向きの加圧力が支持ガイド３,３−１，３−２に直接負荷されることを防ぐことできるとともに、後端チャック１０，１０−１のチャック爪１０ａ〜１０ｄ，２２ａおよび２２ｂ（または２２ａ〜２２ｃ，２２ａ〜２２ｄ）と支持ガイド３,３−１，３−２との接触域を低減でき、これにより、支持ガイド３,３−１，３−２に疵が付くことに起因した設備メンテナンス費の上昇、設備稼働率の低下および鋼管への疵の転写の発生と、後端チャック１０，１０−１による把持に起因して鋼管１，１−１の断面変形による支持ガイド３,３−１，３−２の損傷および曲げ部材の寸法精度の低下とを防止でき、これにより、鋼管１，１−１の後端部（後端チャック１０，１０−１により把持される部分）まで加工を行うことが可能になり、例えば３次元熱間曲げ焼入れにおける製品歩留りを向上することができるようになる。 As described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 12, according to the present invention, the load is applied by the chuck claws 10a to 10d, 22a and 22b (or 22a to 22c, 22a to 22d) of the rear end chucks 10 and 10-1. It is possible to prevent the outward pressure applied to the steel pipe cross section from being directly applied to the support guides 3, 3-1, 3-2, and the chuck claws 10a to 10d, 22a and 22b of the rear end chucks 10, 10-1. (Or 22a to 22c, 22a to 22d) and the contact area between the support guides 3, 3-1, and 3-2 can be reduced, whereby the support guides 3, 3-1, and 3-2 are wrinkled. Support guides due to cross-sectional deformation of the steel pipes 1, 1-1 due to an increase in equipment maintenance costs, a reduction in equipment operation rate, occurrence of transfer of wrinkles to the steel pipes, and gripping by the rear end chucks 10, 10-1 , 3-1, 3-2 and a reduction in the dimensional accuracy of the bending member can be prevented, whereby the rear ends of the steel pipes 1, 1-1 (parts gripped by the rear end chucks 10, 10-1 For example, the product yield in three-dimensional hot bending and quenching can be improved.
本発明は、先端チャックと可動ローラダイスを使用する場合にも適用できる。図１３，１４は、鋼管１−１の先端部１−１ｂに先端チャック１７を入れ、先端チャックの爪を広げることにより鋼管１−１の先端部１−１ｂを掴み、かつロール式支持ガイド３−１の代わりに可動ローラダイス４０を用いた加工装置１１−１により加工を行う状況を経時的に示す説明図である。 The present invention can also be applied when using a tip chuck and a movable roller die. 13 and 14, the tip chuck 17 is inserted into the tip 1-1b of the steel pipe 1-1, the tip 1-1b of the steel pipe 1-1 is gripped by widening the claw of the tip chuck, and the roll type support guide 3 is used. It is explanatory drawing which shows the condition which processes with the processing apparatus 11-1 using the movable roller die | dye 40 instead of -1 with time.
図１３，１４に示すように、鋼管１−１の先端部１−１ｂを先端チャック１７により掴み、かつ冷却装置１５より鋼管送り方向下流側において可動ローラダイス４０を用いて鋼管１−１を挟持することにより鋼管１−１の位置決めをし、鋼管１−１に対する加工が進行する際に、先端チャック１７に把持された状態で鋼管１−１の先端部１−１ｂが可動ローラダイス４０を通り抜ける。先端チャック１７の爪が鋼管１−１の先端部１−１ｂに当接して生じた鋼管１−１の先端部１−１ｂの膨出部と可動ローラダイス４０が接触した結果、先端チャック１７と可動ローラダイス４０との間に上述の課題１が存在する。また、先端チャック１７の爪が鋼管１−１の先端部１−１ｂに当接することにより生じた鋼管１−１の先端部１−１ｂの膨出部が可動ローラダイス４０を通り抜けて送り込むために生じる鋼管の軸芯ずれや軸芯振れが引き起こす品質不良、すなわち上述の課題２も存在する。 As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the tip 1-1b of the steel pipe 1-1 is gripped by the tip chuck 17, and the steel pipe 1-1 is sandwiched by using the movable roller die 40 on the downstream side in the steel pipe feed direction from the cooling device 15. By doing so, the steel pipe 1-1 is positioned, and when the processing on the steel pipe 1-1 proceeds, the tip 1-1b of the steel pipe 1-1 passes through the movable roller die 40 while being gripped by the tip chuck 17. . As a result of the contact between the bulging portion of the distal end portion 1-1b of the steel pipe 1-1 and the movable roller die 40, which is generated when the claw of the distal end chuck 17 abuts on the distal end portion 1-1b of the steel pipe 1-1, The above-described problem 1 exists between the movable roller die 40 and the movable roller die 40. Further, the bulging portion of the tip portion 1-1b of the steel pipe 1-1 generated by the claw of the tip chuck 17 coming into contact with the tip portion 1-1b of the steel pipe 1-1 passes through the movable roller die 40 and feeds it. There is also a quality defect caused by the misalignment of the steel pipe and the shaft runout, that is, the above-described problem 2.
図１３，１４に示すように、鋼管１−１の先端部１−１ｂをその内部から把持する先端チャック１７の爪の位置と、鋼管１−１の外側を支持する可動ローラダイス４０の位置を、後端チャック１０−１と支持ガイド３−１を参照しながら上述したのと同様に、ずらすことにより、課題１，２を解決することができる。 As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the position of the claw of the tip chuck 17 that grips the tip portion 1-1b of the steel pipe 1-1 from the inside, and the position of the movable roller die 40 that supports the outside of the steel pipe 1-1. In the same manner as described above with reference to the rear end chuck 10-1 and the support guide 3-1, the problems 1 and 2 can be solved.
以上の説明では、本発明を３次元熱間曲げ焼入れに適用した場合を例にとったが、本発明は、３次元熱間曲げ焼入れに限定されるものではなく、金属材の端部まで加工して高い歩留りを実現する方策として、３次元熱間曲げ焼入れ以外の他の加工方法にも適用可能である。 In the above description, the case where the present invention is applied to three-dimensional hot bending and quenching has been taken as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to three-dimensional hot bending and quenching, and is processed up to the end of a metal material. Thus, as a measure for realizing a high yield, it can be applied to other processing methods other than the three-dimensional hot bending quenching.
１−１ 鋼管
１−１ａ 後端部
１−１ｂ 先端部
３−１または３−２ 支持機構
１０−１ 後端チャック
１７ 先端チャック
２２ａ〜２２ｄ チャック爪
２５ 支持機構が当接する鋼管の外面
２６ 外面２５を除いた部位
1-1 Steel pipe 1-1a Rear end part 1-1b Front end part 3-1 or 3-2 Support mechanism 10-1 Rear end chuck 17 Front end chucks 22a to 22d Chuck claw 25 Outer surface 26 of steel pipe with which the support mechanism abuts Outer surface 25 Parts excluding
Claims (6)
前記支持機構における前記金属材の進行方向と交差する断面において、前記チャックの前記チャック爪は、前記支持機構が当接する前記金属材の外面を除いた部位の内面に当接すること
を特徴とする金属材の加工装置。 A chuck that is inserted into an end of a hollow metal material having a closed cross section, and grips the metal material by bringing a chuck claw into contact with a part of the inner surface of the metal material in a pressurized state; In a metal material processing apparatus comprising a support mechanism for supporting and positioning a part of the outer surface of the metal material,
In the cross section intersecting the traveling direction of the metal material in the support mechanism, the chuck claw of the chuck is in contact with an inner surface of a portion excluding an outer surface of the metal material with which the support mechanism is in contact. Material processing equipment.
前記支持機構における前記金属材の軸方向と交差する断面において、前記チャックの前記チャック爪を、前記支持機構が当接する前記金属材の外面を除いた部位の内面に当接させること
を特徴とする金属材の加工方法。 The metal material is gripped by the chuck by bringing the inside of the end of the hollow metal material having a closed cross section into contact with a part of the inner surface of the metal material in a pressurized state, and the outer surface of the metal material When processing the metal material while positioning and supporting a part of the support mechanism,
The chuck claw of the chuck is brought into contact with the inner surface of the portion excluding the outer surface of the metal material with which the support mechanism abuts in a cross section that intersects the axial direction of the metal material in the support mechanism. Metal material processing method.
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| WO2002094470A1 (en) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-11-28 | Trumpf Pulzer Gmbh + Co. Kg | Device for bending closed hollow profiles in peripheral direction |
| JP2005186143A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-14 | Jfe Steel Kk | Mandrel for rotating, drawing and bending tube, and device and method for rotary draw-bending |
| MX2011012244A (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2012-02-28 | Sumitomo Pipe & Tube Co Ltd | Bending device. |
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