JP6455246B2 - 排気浄化システム - Google Patents
排気浄化システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6455246B2 JP6455246B2 JP2015048307A JP2015048307A JP6455246B2 JP 6455246 B2 JP6455246 B2 JP 6455246B2 JP 2015048307 A JP2015048307 A JP 2015048307A JP 2015048307 A JP2015048307 A JP 2015048307A JP 6455246 B2 JP6455246 B2 JP 6455246B2
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- nox
- nox purge
- purge control
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
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- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
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Description
NOxパージ制御部60は、本発明の触媒再生手段であって、排気をリッチ状態にしてNOx吸蔵還元型触媒32に吸蔵されているNOxを還元浄化により無害化して放出することで、NOx吸蔵還元型触媒32のNOx吸蔵能力を回復させる触媒再生処理(以下、この制御をNOxパージ制御という)を実行する。
図3は、NOxパージリーン制御部60AによるMAF目標値MAFNPL_Trgtの設定処理を示すブロック図である。第1目標空気過剰率設定マップ61は、エンジン回転数Ne及びアクセル開度Qに基づいて参照されるマップであって、これらエンジン回転数Neとアクセル開度Qとに対応したNOxパージリーン制御時の空気過剰率目標値λNPL_Trgt(第1目標空気過剰率)が予め実験等に基づいて設定されている。
数式(1)において、Qfnl_corrdは後述する学習補正された筒内インジェクタ11の燃料噴射量(ポスト噴射を除く)、RoFuelは燃料比重、AFRstoは理論空燃比、Maf_corrは後述するMAF補正係数をそれぞれ示している。
図4は、NOxパージリッチ制御部60Bによる排気管噴射又はポスト噴射の目標噴射量QNPR_Trgt(単位時間当たりの噴射量)の設定処理を示すブロック図である。第2目標空気過剰率設定マップ65は、エンジン回転数Ne及びアクセル開度Qに基づいて参照されるマップであって、これらエンジン回転数Neとアクセル開度Qとに対応したNOxパージリッチ制御時の空気過剰率目標値λNPR_Trgt(第2目標空気過剰率)が予め実験等に基づいて設定されている。
数式(2)において、MAFNPL_TrgtはNOxパージリーンMAF目標値であって、前述のMAF目標値演算部62から入力される。また、Qfnl_corrdは後述する学習補正されたMAF追従制御適用前の筒内インジェクタ11の燃料噴射量(ポスト噴射を除く)、RoFuelは燃料比重、AFRstoは理論空燃比、Maf_corrは後述するMAF補正係数をそれぞれ示している。
図5は、NOxパージ禁止処理部70による禁止処理を示すブロック図である。NOxパージ禁止処理部70は、本発明の禁止手段の一例であって、以下の一般禁止条件(A1)〜(A10)の何れかが成立すると、NOxパージ禁止フラグFPro_NPをオン(FPro_NP=1)にして、NOxパージ制御の実施を禁止する。
(A1)エンジン回転数Neが所定の上限回転数閾値Ne_maxよりも高い場合。
(A2)エンジン回転数Neが所定の下限回転数閾値Ne_minよりも低い場合。
(A3)筒内インジェクタ11の燃料噴射量Qfnl_corrd(ポスト噴射除く)が所定の上限噴射量閾値Q_maxよりも多い場合。
(A4)筒内インジェクタ11の燃料噴射量Qfnl_corrd(ポスト噴射除く)が所定の下限噴射量閾値Q_minよりも少ない場合。
(A5)エンジン10が所定の高負荷運転状態となり、ブースト圧フィードバック制御(空気系オープンループ制御)が実施される場合。
(A6)NOxパージ制御の開始直後にエンジン10が燃料噴射を停止させるモータリング状態になる可能性がある場合。
(A7)排気インジェクタ34の最大限界噴射量Qexh_maxから推定される到達可能な排気空気過剰率推定値λest_maxが、上述のNOxパージリッチ制御部60Bによって設定される空気過剰率目標値λNPR_Trgt(第2目標空気過剰率)よりも高くなる場合。
(A8)NOx吸蔵還元型触媒32の触媒温度が所定の触媒活性温度未満の場合。
(A9)NOx/ラムダセンサ45などの主要なセンサに異常が生じている場合。
(A10)システムエラーが生じている場合。
このように、NOxパージ制御の開始直後にエンジン10がモータリング状態になる可能性がある場合は、NOxパージ制御の実施を禁止することにより、無駄な燃料消費を効果的に防止することができる。
NOxパージ禁止処理部70は、本発明の継続手段の一例であって、NOxパージ制御の実施中に以下の特定禁止条件(B1)〜(B5)の何れかが成立した場合は、NOxパージ禁止フラグFPro_NPをオフ(FPro_NP=0)のまま維持してNOxパージ制御の実施を継続させる。言い換えれば、禁止手段を無効化してNOxパージ制御の実施を継続させる。
(B1)エンジン回転数Neが所定の上限回転数閾値Ne_maxよりも高くなった場合。
(B2)エンジン回転数Neが所定の下限回転数閾値Ne_minよりも低くなった場合。
(B3)筒内インジェクタ11の燃料噴射量Qfnl_corrd(ポスト噴射除く)が所定の上限噴射量閾値Q_maxよりも多くなった場合。
(B4)筒内インジェクタ11の燃料噴射量Qfnl_corrd(ポスト噴射除く)が所定の下限噴射量閾値Q_minよりも少なくなった場合。
(B5)NOx吸蔵還元型触媒32の触媒温度が所定の触媒活性温度未満になった場合。
NOxパージ制御は、(1)NOxパージフラグFNPのオンから排気管噴射又はポスト噴射の噴射量を累積し、この累積噴射量が所定の上限閾値量に達した場合、(2)NOxパージ制御の開始から計時した経過時間が所定の上限閾値時間に達した場合、(3)エンジン10の運転状態やNOx/ラムダセンサ45のセンサ値等を入力信号として含む所定のモデル式に基づいて演算されるNOx吸蔵還元型触媒32のNOx吸蔵量がNOx除去成功を示す所定の閾値まで低下した場合の何れかの条件が成立すると、NOxパージフラグFNPをオフにして終了される(図2の時刻t2参照)。
MAF追従制御部80は、(1)通常運転のリーン状態からNOxパージ制御によるリッチ状態への切り替え期間及び、(2)NOxパージ制御によるリッチ状態から通常運転のリーン状態への切り替え期間に、各筒内インジェクタ11の燃料噴射タイミング及び燃料噴射量をMAF変化に応じて補正するMAF追従制御を実行する。
図7に示すように、噴射量学習補正部90は、学習補正係数演算部91と、噴射量補正部92とを有する。
MAF補正係数演算部95は、NOxパージ制御時のMAF目標値MAFNPL_Trgtや目標噴射量QNPR_Trgtの設定に用いられるMAF補正係数Maf_corrを演算する。
なお、本発明は、上述の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、適宜変形して実施することが可能である。
11 筒内インジェクタ
12 吸気通路
13 排気通路
16 吸気スロットルバルブ
24 EGRバルブ
31 酸化触媒
32 NOx吸蔵還元型触媒
33 フィルタ
34 排気インジェクタ
40 MAFセンサ
45 NOx/ラムダセンサ
50 ECU
Claims (5)
- 内燃機関の排気系に設けられ、排気リーン状態で排気中のNOxを吸蔵すると共に、排気リッチ状態で吸蔵されていたNOxを還元浄化するNOx吸蔵還元型触媒と、
排気をリッチ状態にして前記NOx吸蔵還元型触媒に吸蔵されているNOxを還元浄化するNOxパージ制御を実施する触媒再生手段と、
複数の禁止条件の少なくとも1つが成立している場合は、前記NOxパージ制御の開始要求がなされても前記触媒再生手段による前記NOxパージ制御の実施を禁止させる禁止手段と、
前記NOxパージ制御の実施中に前記複数の禁止条件の一部である特定禁止条件が成立した場合は、前記禁止手段を無効化して前記触媒再生手段による前記NOxパージ制御の実施を継続させる継続手段と、を備える排気浄化システムであって、
前記禁止手段は、前記NOx吸蔵還元型触媒の触媒温度が所定の触媒活性温度未満の場合、前記NOxパージ制御の開始要求がなされても前記触媒再生手段による前記NOxパージ制御の実施を禁止し、
前記継続手段は、前記NOxパージ制御の実施中に前記NOx吸蔵還元型触媒の触媒温度が前記触媒活性温度未満になった場合に、前記禁止手段を無効化して前記触媒再生手段による前記NOxパージ制御の実施を継続させる
前記排気浄化システム。 - 前記禁止手段は、前記内燃機関の燃料噴射量が所定の下限噴射量閾値よりも少ない場合又は所定の上限噴射量閾値よりも多い場合、前記NOxパージ制御の開始要求がなされても前記触媒再生手段による前記NOxパージ制御の実施を禁止し、
前記継続手段は、前記NOxパージ制御の実施中に前記内燃機関の燃料噴射量が前記下限噴射量閾値よりも少なくなった場合又は前記上限噴射量閾値よりも多くなった場合に、前記禁止手段を無効化して前記触媒再生手段による前記NOxパージ制御の実施を継続させる
請求項1に記載の排気浄化システム。 - 前記禁止手段は、前記内燃機関の回転数が所定の下限回転数閾値よりも低い場合又は所定の上限回転数閾値よりも高い場合、前記NOxパージ制御の開始要求がなされても前記触媒再生手段による前記NOxパージ制御の実施を禁止し、
前記継続手段は、前記NOxパージ制御の実施中に前記内燃機関の回転数が前記下限回転数閾値よりも低くなった場合又は前記上限回転数閾値よりも高くなった場合に、前記禁止手段を無効化して前記触媒再生手段による前記NOxパージ制御の実施を継続させる
請求項1又は2に記載の排気浄化システム。 - 前記禁止手段は、前記NOxパージ制御の開始直後に前記内燃機関が燃料噴射を停止させるモータリング状態になる可能性がある場合、前記NOxパージ制御の開始要求がなされても前記触媒再生手段による前記NOxパージ制御の実施を禁止する
請求項1から3の何れか1項に記載の排気浄化システム。 - 前記NOx吸蔵還元型触媒の上流側に設けられて燃料を噴射する排気インジェクタをさらに備え、前記禁止手段は、前記排気インジェクタの最大限界噴射量から推定される到達可能な排気空気過剰率推定値が、所定の空気過剰率目標値よりも高くなる場合、前記NOxパージ制御の開始要求がなされても前記触媒再生手段による前記NOxパージ制御の実施を禁止する
請求項1から4の何れか1項に記載の排気浄化システム。
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