JP6436361B2 - Stair foundation structure, stairs, and stairs construction method - Google Patents

Stair foundation structure, stairs, and stairs construction method Download PDF

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JP6436361B2
JP6436361B2 JP2016146013A JP2016146013A JP6436361B2 JP 6436361 B2 JP6436361 B2 JP 6436361B2 JP 2016146013 A JP2016146013 A JP 2016146013A JP 2016146013 A JP2016146013 A JP 2016146013A JP 6436361 B2 JP6436361 B2 JP 6436361B2
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staircase
foundation
spar
receiving plate
girder
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和紀 川岸
和紀 川岸
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Sekisui House Ltd
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Description

本発明は、建築物に設置される階段下地構造、階段、及び階段の施工方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a staircase structure, a staircase, and a staircase construction method installed in a building.

住宅等の建築物の屋内に木製階段を設ける場合には、施工時の損傷や汚損を防止するため、建築物の内装工事の直前に当該木製階段を構築することが一般的である。このため、ある程度施工が進むまでは、上下階の移動には、梯子や仮設階段を別途設置する必要があり、上下階の移動の安全性が低い問題や仮設階段を設置する手間が掛かる問題があった。   When a wooden staircase is provided indoors in a building such as a house, it is common to construct the wooden staircase immediately before the interior construction of the building in order to prevent damage or contamination during construction. For this reason, it is necessary to install a ladder and a temporary staircase separately for moving up and down floors until construction is completed to some extent, which causes problems such as low safety of moving up and down floors and troublesome installation of temporary staircases. there were.

そこで、建方時に鋼製階段を設置し、この鋼製階段を仮設階段としてその後の工程に利用し、内装時に鋼製階段を覆う木製階段を設置する工法が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1)。また、左右の側桁の間に下地踏板を設置して建築物の施工中に仮設階段として利用し、その後、化粧踏板で下地踏板を完全に覆って階段を完成させる工法が提案されている(例えば、特許文献2)。   Therefore, a method has been proposed in which a steel staircase is installed at the time of construction, this steel staircase is used as a temporary staircase for the subsequent processes, and a wooden staircase is installed to cover the steel staircase at the time of interior decoration (for example, patent literature) 1). In addition, a method has been proposed in which a base step board is installed between the left and right side girders and used as a temporary staircase during construction of the building, and then the base step board is completely covered with a decorative step board to complete the staircase ( For example, Patent Document 2).

これらの工法によると、仮設階段として利用した階段を完成した建築物の階段としても利用できるので、作業手間を減らすことができる利点がある。   According to these construction methods, the staircase used as a temporary staircase can be used as a staircase of a completed building, so that there is an advantage that the labor can be reduced.

特開平6−288052号公報JP-A-6-288052 特開2015−31090号公報Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-31090

しかし、特許文献1の発明では、いったん、鋼製階段を設置し、さらに、それを覆うように木製階段を設置するものであるので、結局、コスト及び施工手間が掛かる。また、特許文献2の発明では、仮設踏板を完全に覆うために化粧踏板を複雑な形状にする必要があり、加工コストが増加する問題がある。   However, in the invention of Patent Document 1, since a steel staircase is once installed and a wooden staircase is installed so as to cover the steel staircase, cost and construction work are eventually required. Further, in the invention of Patent Document 2, it is necessary to make the decorative treadle into a complicated shape in order to completely cover the temporary tread, and there is a problem that the processing cost increases.

本発明は、木製のささら桁を用いた階段下地構造であって、建築物の施工時に仮設階段として利用することができ、建築後は意匠性がよく、設計の自由度が高い階段下地構造、当該階段下地構造を用いた階段、及び、階段の施工方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention is a staircase foundation structure using a wooden sagittal girder, which can be used as a temporary staircase during construction of a building, has a good design after construction, and has a high degree of freedom in design, It aims at providing the construction method of the staircase using the said staircase foundation structure, and a staircase.

本発明の第1の階段下地構造は、斜めに架け渡される木製の複数のささら桁と、建築物の梁と前記ささら桁の上端とを接合する上端接合部と、建築物の基礎と前記ささら桁の下端とを接合する下端接合部と、を備え、前記下端接合部は、基礎に立設されて前記下端接合部の高さ調整機構を有する立設部と、前記立設部の上端に設けられ、前記ささら桁の下端を固定する接合構造とを備え、前記接合構造は、前記ささら桁の下端に設けられたスリット溝に挿入された下端受けプレートと、前記下端受けプレートに直交するように、前記ささら桁の下部の側面から水平に設けられたピン孔と前記下端受けプレートに設けられたピン挿入孔に挿入されてなるドリフトピンと、を有することを特徴としている。 The first staircase foundation structure of the present invention comprises a plurality of wooden spar girders that are bridged diagonally, a top joint that joins a building beam and the top of the spar, a building foundation and the slab. A lower end joint that joins the lower end of the beam, and the lower end joint is provided on a foundation and has a height adjustment mechanism for the lower end joint, and an upper end of the standing part. And a joining structure for fixing the lower end of the sheathing girder , wherein the joining structure is orthogonal to the lower end receiving plate, and a lower end receiving plate inserted into a slit groove provided at the lower end of the weiring girder And a drift pin inserted into a pin insertion hole provided in the lower end receiving plate, and a pin hole provided horizontally from the side surface of the lower part of the sagittal girder .

の階段下地構造は、前記上端接合部は、前記梁に固定された梁接続部と、前記ささら桁の上端に設けられたスリット溝に挿入された上端受けプレートと、前記上端受けプレートに直交するように、前記ささら桁の上部の側面から水平に設けられたピン孔と前記上端受けプレートに設けられたピン挿入孔に挿入されてなるドリフトピンと、を有することを特徴としている。 In the second staircase foundation structure, the upper end joint portion includes a beam connecting portion fixed to the beam, an upper end receiving plate inserted in a slit groove provided at an upper end of the sagging beam, and the upper end receiving plate. It is characterized by having a pin hole provided horizontally from the side surface of the upper part of the sheathing girder and a drift pin inserted into a pin insertion hole provided in the upper end receiving plate so as to be orthogonal to each other.

の階段下地構造は、前記ささら桁が互いに平行に3本以上並べて設置されることを特徴としている。 The third staircase foundation structure is characterized in that three or more of the above-mentioned spar girders are arranged in parallel to each other.

本発明の階段は、第1から第のいずれかの階段下地構造を備えた階段であって、間仕切壁と離間した位置に設けられており、前記ささら桁に段板と蹴込板とがそれぞれ架設されてなることを特徴としている。 The staircase of the present invention is a staircase having any one of the first to third stair base structures, and is provided at a position separated from the partition wall. It is characterized by being constructed.

本発明の別の形態の階段は、第1から第のいずれかの階段下地構造を備えた階段であって、間仕切壁と離間した位置に設けられており、前記ささら桁に蹴込板が架設されずに、段板が架設されてなることを特徴としている。 A staircase according to another aspect of the present invention is a staircase having any one of the first to third stair base structures, and is provided at a position separated from the partition wall, and a kick plate is installed on the spar. Instead, it is characterized in that a corrugated board is constructed.

本発明の階段の施工方法は、少なくとも基礎及び梁を施工した後で、且つ、内装を施工する前に、請求項1から請求項のいずれかの階段下地構造を設置し、前記ささら桁に渡し板を仮設して、仮設階段として使用し、その後前記渡し板を取り外して、少なくとも段板を固定することを特徴としている。 The staircase construction method according to the present invention includes installing the staircase foundation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 at least after the foundation and the beam are constructed and before the interior is constructed. The transfer board is temporarily installed and used as a temporary staircase, and then the transfer board is removed to fix at least the step board.

本発明の第1の階段下地構造によると、木製のささら桁の上端が建築物の梁に上端接合部によって接合され、ささら桁の下端が建築物の基礎に下端接合部によって接合されて、斜めに架け渡されており、下端接合部が、基礎に立設される立設部と、立設部の上端に設けられささら桁の下端を固定する接合構造とを備えている。したがって、本階段下地構造は、基礎と柱及び梁が組み立てられた段階で設置することができ、内装や電気配線などの他の要素を施工する前から階段下地構造を設置することができる。このように、階段下地構造を他の要素の施工前に設置することができれば、ささら桁に渡し板を仮設して仮設階段として利用することができるので、上階への資材の搬入や作業者の昇降を安全に行うことができる。また、このようにささら桁が梁と基礎とに接合されて階段を支える構成であることから、階段の両側に壁を設ける必要がなく、間仕切壁などの壁から独立した階段とすることができ、階段を設置する位置の設計の自由度を高めることができる。さらに、ささら桁を木製とすることで、例えば石膏ボードを設置する際のビス打ちの下地材として用いることもできるので、階段下地構造の下面や側面に簡単に化粧材を固定することができる。また、本発明の第1の階段下地構造によると、ささら桁の下端を固定する接合構造は、ささら桁の下端に設けられたスリット溝に挿入された下端受けプレートと、下端受けプレートに直交するように、ささら桁の下部の側面から水平に設けられたピン孔と下端受けプレートに設けられたピン挿入孔に挿入されてなるドリフトピンと、を有するので、ささら桁下端の接合箇所の強度を固めることができる。 According to the first staircase foundation structure of the present invention, the upper end of the wooden spar is joined to the beam of the building by the upper joint, and the lower end of the spar is joined to the foundation of the building by the lower joint. The lower end joint portion includes a standing portion that is erected on the foundation and a joint structure that is provided at the upper end of the standing portion and fixes the lower end of the further beam. Therefore, this staircase foundation structure can be installed at the stage where the foundation, columns, and beams are assembled, and the staircase foundation structure can be installed before constructing other elements such as interiors and electrical wiring. In this way, if the staircase foundation structure can be installed before construction of other elements, it is possible to temporarily install a transfer plate on the girder and use it as a temporary staircase. Can be safely moved up and down. In addition, since the sasara girder is joined to the beam and the foundation to support the stairs in this way, there is no need to provide walls on both sides of the stairs, and the stairs can be independent from walls such as partition walls. , Can increase the degree of freedom in the design of the position to install the stairs. Further, by making the sacrificial girders wooden, for example, it can be used as a base material for screwing when installing a gypsum board, so that the decorative material can be easily fixed to the lower surface and side surfaces of the staircase base structure. Further, according to the first staircase foundation structure of the present invention, the joining structure for fixing the lower end of the counterspar is perpendicular to the lower end receiving plate inserted into the slit groove provided at the lower end of the counterspar. As described above, since there is a pin hole provided horizontally from the side surface of the lower part of the shearing girder and a drift pin inserted into the pin insertion hole provided in the lower end receiving plate, the strength of the joint portion of the lower end of the girder is solidified. be able to.

本発明の第の階段下地構造によると、上端接合部は、梁に固定された梁接続部と、ささら桁の上端に設けられたスリット溝に挿入された上端受けプレートと、上端受けプレートに直交するように、ささら桁の上部の側面から水平に設けられたピン孔と上端受けプレートに設けられたピン挿入孔に挿入されてなるドリフトピンと、を有するので、ささら桁上端の接合箇所の強度を固めることができる。 According to the second staircase foundation structure of the present invention, the upper end joint portion includes a beam connecting portion fixed to the beam, an upper end receiving plate inserted in a slit groove provided at the upper end of the spar, and the upper end receiving plate. Since it has a pin hole provided horizontally from the side surface of the upper part of the sheathing girder and a drift pin inserted into the pin insertion hole provided in the upper end receiving plate so as to be orthogonal to each other, the strength of the joint portion of the upper part of the sheathing girder Can be hardened.

本発明の第の階段下地構造によると、ささら桁が互いに平行に3本以上並べて設置されるので、幅の広い階段や観客席のようなひな壇の下地として用いることができる。そしてささら桁の上端は梁に固定され下端は基礎に固定されているので3本以上並べたとしてもささら桁の下に階段を支持する柱等の部材は必要なく、階段下の空間を自由に利用することができる。 According to the third staircase structure of the present invention, since three or more spar girders are arranged in parallel with each other, it can be used as a base for a wide staircase or a dairy platform such as a spectator seat. And since the upper end of the spar is fixed to the beam and the lower end is fixed to the foundation, even if three or more are arranged, there is no need for a member such as a pillar to support the stairs under the sag, and the space under the stairs can be freely set. Can be used.

本発明の階段によると、上述の第1から第の階段下地構造を用いた階段であり、間仕切壁と離間した位置に設けられ、ささら桁に段板と蹴込板とがそれぞれ架設されてなるので、間仕切壁から独立した階段であっても安定感のあるデザインにすることができ、また、このような独立した階段であっても下部を収納などの用途で利用することができる。 According to the staircase of the present invention, it is a staircase using the above-described first to third stair base structures, provided at a position separated from the partition wall, and a step plate and a kick plate are respectively installed on the further beams. Therefore, even if the stairs are independent of the partition wall, a stable design can be achieved, and even in such independent stairs, the lower part can be used for purposes such as storage.

本発明の別の形態の階段によると、上述の第1から第の階段下地構造を用いた階段であり、間仕切壁と離間した位置に設けられ、ささら桁に蹴込板を設けずに段板が架設されてなるので、本発明の階段下地構造を用いたシースルー階段とすることができる。 According to the staircase of another form of the present invention, it is a staircase using the first to third staircase foundation structures described above, provided at a position separated from the partition wall, and without having a kick plate on the spar Is constructed, so that a see-through staircase using the staircase foundation structure of the present invention can be obtained.

本発明の階段の施工方法は、少なくとも基礎及び梁を施工した後で、且つ、内装を施工する前に、第1から第のいずれかの階段下地構造を設置し、ささら桁に渡し板を仮設して、仮設階段として使用するので、別途仮設階段を設置する場合や梯子などを用る場合に比べて上階への資材の搬入や作業者の昇降を安全に、且つ低コストで行うことができる。 According to the staircase construction method of the present invention, after constructing at least the foundation and the beam and before constructing the interior, any one of the first to third staircase foundation structures is installed, and the transfer plate is attached to the spar. Temporary and used as a temporary staircase, so it is safer and cheaper to carry materials to the upper floor and to raise and lower workers compared to when installing a temporary staircase or using a ladder, etc. Can do.

階段下地構造の全体構成を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the whole staircase structure. 階段下地構造のささら桁の上端と梁との上端接合部を説明する一部省略拡大図。The partially abbreviated and enlarged view for explaining the upper end joint part between the upper end of the spar base structure and the beam. 上端金物の外観構成を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the external appearance structure of an upper end metal fitting. 階段下地構造のささら桁の下端と基礎との下端接合部を説明する一部省略拡大図。The partially abbreviated and enlarged view for explaining the lower end joint portion between the lower end and the foundation of the spar base structure. 下端接合部を構成する立設部及び接合構造を説明する斜視図。The perspective view explaining the standing part and joining structure which comprise a lower end junction part. ささら桁の上端側スリットに上端金物の上端受けプレートを挿入し、下端側スリットに下端受けプレートを挿入する前の状態を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the state before inserting the upper end receiving plate of an upper end metal fitting in the upper end side slit of a spar, and inserting a lower end receiving plate in a lower end side slit. ドリフトピンをささら桁の上端側ピン孔及びささら桁の下端側ピン孔に挿通させる状態を説明する斜視図。The perspective view explaining the state which inserts a drift pin in the upper end side pin hole of a sacrificial girder, and the lower end side pin hole of a sagittal girder. 階段下地構造を完成させた状態を説明する斜視図。The perspective view explaining the state which completed the staircase foundation structure. 渡し板を仮設して、仮設階段として使用する状態の階段下地構造を説明する斜視図。The perspective view explaining the stair base structure of the state which temporarily installs a transfer board and uses it as a temporary staircase. ささら桁を3本平行に架設した状態を説明する斜視図。The perspective view explaining the state which installed three further beams in parallel. 階段下地構造に段板及び蹴込板を固定して階段を完成した状態を説明する断面図。Sectional drawing explaining the state which fixed the step board and the kick board to the stair base structure, and completed the staircase. 基礎の立ち上がり部に下端接合部が固定される構成の階段下地構造の変形例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the modification of the staircase foundation structure of a structure by which a lower end junction part is fixed to the standup | rising part of a foundation. 変形例の階段下地構造のささら桁の下端と基礎との下端接合部を説明する一部省略拡大図。The partially abbreviated and enlarged view for explaining the lower end joint portion between the lower end and the foundation of the sagittal girder of the staircase structure of the modification. 変形例の下端接合部を構成する立設部及び接合構造を説明する斜視図。The perspective view explaining the standing part and junction structure which comprise the lower end junction part of a modification.

以下、本発明に係る階段下地構造1、階段2、及び階段の施工方法の最良の実施形態について、各図を参照しつつ説明する。本実施形態の階段下地構造1は、図1に示すように、斜めに架け渡されるささら桁3と、ささら桁3の上端と梁5とを接合する上端接合部4と、ささら桁3の下端と基礎6とを接合する下端接合部7とを備えている。   Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the staircase foundation structure 1, the staircase 2, and the staircase construction method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the stair base structure 1 of the present embodiment includes a saddle girder 3 that is bridged obliquely, an upper end joint portion 4 that joins the upper end of the weir girder 3 and the beam 5, and a lower end of the weir girder 3 And a lower end joint portion 7 for joining the base 6 to each other.

ささら桁3は、図1及び図6に示すように、集成材を加工して形成され、斜めに架け渡される長尺材である。ささら桁3の下側の面は傾斜する平面であり、ささら桁3の上側は、水平面と鉛直面とが交互に14段設けられた階段状に形成されている。ささら桁3の上端は、図2及び図6に示すように、鉛直な平面が形成されるとともに当該平面に沿って鉛直方向に上端側スリット溝31が形成されている。ささら桁3の上端近傍の側面には、一方の側面から他方の側面に貫通する上端側ピン孔32が上端側スリット溝31と直交するように上下に2つ設けられている。ささら桁3の下端は、図4及び図6に示すように、水平な平面が形成されるとともに当該平面に沿って水平方向に下端側スリット溝33が形成されている。ささら桁3の下端近傍の側面には、一方の側面から他方の側面に貫通する下端側ピン孔34が7つ設けられている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the sagger 3 is a long material that is formed by processing a laminated material and is slanted over. The lower surface of the spar 3 is an inclined plane, and the upper side of the spar 3 is formed in a staircase shape in which 14 horizontal and vertical planes are provided alternately. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the upper end of the spar 3 is formed with a vertical plane, and an upper end side slit groove 31 is formed in the vertical direction along the plane. Two upper end side pin holes 32 penetrating from one side surface to the other side surface are provided on the side surface near the upper end of the spar 3 so as to be perpendicular to the upper end side slit groove 31. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the lower end of the spar 3 is formed with a horizontal plane, and a lower slit groove 33 is formed in the horizontal direction along the plane. On the side surface near the lower end of the spar 3, seven lower end side pin holes 34 penetrating from one side surface to the other side surface are provided.

上端接合部4は、図2、図3及び図6に示すように、梁5に固定されるとともにささら桁3の上端を保持する鋼製の上端金物41と、ドリフトピン8とにより構成されている。上端金物41は、図3に示すように、平板状の接続プレート42と、梁5に固定される梁接続部43と、ささら桁3の上端を受ける上端受けプレート44と、を有する。また、ドリフトピン8は、図6に示すように、上端受けプレート44に直交するように、ささら桁3の上部の側面から水平に設けられた上端側ピン孔32と上端受けプレート44に設けられたピン挿入孔45に挿入される。   As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 6, the upper end joint portion 4 includes a steel upper end hardware 41 that is fixed to the beam 5 and that holds the upper end of the spar 3 and a drift pin 8. Yes. As shown in FIG. 3, the upper end hardware 41 includes a flat connection plate 42, a beam connection portion 43 fixed to the beam 5, and an upper end receiving plate 44 that receives the upper end of the spar 3. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the drift pin 8 is provided in the upper end side pin hole 32 and the upper end receiving plate 44 that are provided horizontally from the side surface of the upper portion of the weir 3 so as to be orthogonal to the upper end receiving plate 44. It is inserted into the pin insertion hole 45.

接続プレート42は梁5とささら桁3との間に挟まれる平板状のプレートである。梁接続部43は、接続プレート42の梁5側の面から突出するように固定され梁5を貫通する3本のボルト部46と、ボルト部46に螺着し、接続プレート42の反対側から梁5に当接して、梁5に上端金物41を固定するナット部47とを有している。上端受けプレート44は接続プレート42のささら桁3側の面から突出するように固定されており、ささら桁3の上端に設けられた上端側スリット溝31に挿入される平板状のプレートである。上端受けプレート44には上部に受け溝48が形成され、下部にピン挿入孔45が設けられている。   The connection plate 42 is a flat plate sandwiched between the beam 5 and the spar 3. The beam connecting portion 43 is fixed so as to protrude from the surface of the connecting plate 42 on the beam 5 side, and is screwed to the bolt portion 46 and the three bolt portions 46 passing through the beam 5, and from the opposite side of the connecting plate 42. A nut portion 47 that abuts the beam 5 and fixes the upper end hardware 41 to the beam 5 is provided. The upper end receiving plate 44 is a flat plate that is fixed so as to protrude from the surface of the connecting plate 42 on the side of the weir 3 and is inserted into the upper end slit groove 31 provided at the upper end of the weir 3. The upper end receiving plate 44 is formed with a receiving groove 48 in the upper part and a pin insertion hole 45 in the lower part.

上端接合部4は、接続プレート42と梁5を貫通する3本のボルト部46に螺着するナット部47とで梁5を挟み込んで、当該梁5に固定されており、上端受けプレート44をささら桁3の上端に設けられた上端側スリット溝31に挿入して、ドリフトピン8を上端側ピン孔32とピン挿入孔45を貫通するように挿入して、梁5にささら桁3の上端を固定している。   The upper end joint portion 4 is fixed to the beam 5 by sandwiching the beam 5 between the connection plate 42 and the nut portion 47 screwed to the three bolt portions 46 penetrating the beam 5. The drift pin 8 is inserted into the upper end side slit groove 31 provided at the upper end of the sheathing girder 3 so as to penetrate the upper end side pin hole 32 and the pin insertion hole 45, and the upper end of the sheathing girder 3 is inserted into the beam 5. Is fixed.

下端接合部7は、図4及び図5に示すように、基礎6に立設される立設部71と、立設部71の上端に設けられ、ささら桁3の下端を固定する接合構造72とを備える。立設部71は、基礎6に固定される基礎プレート73と、基礎プレート73の中央から上方に立ち上がって設けられ中間部に高さ調整機構74を有する束部75と、束部75の上端に設けられた平板状のフランジ部76と、フランジ部76に固定するベース部77と、ベース部77の中央から立ち上がって形成される角柱部78と、角柱部78の上端に形成された角柱上プレート79と、角柱上プレート79から立ち上がる水平断面が十字状の十字支持部80と、により構成されている。   As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the lower end joint portion 7 is provided on an upright portion 71 erected on the foundation 6, and a joint structure 72 that is provided at the upper end of the upright portion 71 and fixes the lower end of the spar 3 With. The standing portion 71 includes a base plate 73 that is fixed to the base 6, a bundle portion 75 that rises upward from the center of the base plate 73 and has a height adjusting mechanism 74 at an intermediate portion, and an upper end of the bundle portion 75. A flat plate-shaped flange portion 76 provided, a base portion 77 fixed to the flange portion 76, a prismatic portion 78 formed by rising from the center of the base portion 77, and a prismatic upper plate formed at the upper end of the prismatic portion 78 79 and a cross support part 80 having a cross-shaped cross section rising from the prismatic upper plate 79.

基礎プレート73は基礎6の土間コンクリート61又は基礎スラブ上に、図示しないがコンクリート釘と、コンクリート及び金属用の接着剤と、を併用して固定されている。束部75は内側にネジが切られた円筒状に形成される上筒部81及び下筒部82と、外周にネジが切られた円柱形状に形成されており、上側及び下側がそれぞれ上筒部81及び下筒部82に螺合する円柱部83と、を備えている。上筒部81と下筒部82とは、ネジの向きが互いに逆向きになっており、円柱部83も上側と下側のネジが逆向きになっている。円柱部83の高さ方向の中央はナット状の操作部84が形成されており、図示しないレンチで操作部84を周回り方向に回転させることによって円柱部83を回転させ、上筒部81及び下筒部82との螺合が締結又は弛緩することによって、上筒部81と下筒部82とが互いに接近又は離反するように移動し、束部75の高さを調整することができる。   The foundation plate 73 is fixed on the soil concrete 61 or foundation slab of the foundation 6 by using a combination of a concrete nail and an adhesive for concrete and metal (not shown). The bundle portion 75 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a cylindrical shape with a threaded inside, and a cylindrical shape with a threaded shape on the outer periphery, and the upper and lower sides are respectively an upper cylinder. And a cylindrical portion 83 that is screwed into the portion 81 and the lower cylindrical portion 82. The upper cylinder portion 81 and the lower cylinder portion 82 have opposite screw directions, and the column portion 83 has the upper and lower screws opposite to each other. A nut-shaped operation portion 84 is formed at the center of the column portion 83 in the height direction, and the column portion 83 is rotated by rotating the operation portion 84 in a circumferential direction with a wrench (not shown), and the upper cylinder portion 81 and When the screwing with the lower cylinder part 82 is fastened or relaxed, the upper cylinder part 81 and the lower cylinder part 82 move so as to approach or separate from each other, and the height of the bundle part 75 can be adjusted.

フランジ部76とベース部77とは互いに重なり合う位置に連結孔が設けられており、ボルト85及びナット86で締結して互いに固定されている。角柱部78は四角筒の鋼材であり、同じ鋼材の角柱上プレート79が上端に溶接されて、当該角柱上プレート79に十字支持部80が溶接固定されている。   The flange portion 76 and the base portion 77 are provided with connecting holes at positions where they overlap each other, and are fastened by bolts 85 and nuts 86 to be fixed to each other. The rectangular column part 78 is a steel material of a square cylinder, and a rectangular column upper plate 79 of the same steel material is welded to the upper end, and a cross support part 80 is fixed to the rectangular column upper plate 79 by welding.

また、接合構造72は、十字支持部80に支持される水平な板状で上面がささら桁3の下端に当接する当接部87と、当接部87から立ち上がる板状で、ささら桁3の下端に形成された下端側スリット溝33に挿入される下端受けプレート88と、ささら桁3の下端と下端受けプレート88とを接続するドリフトピン8とを有している。下端受けプレート88にはピン挿入孔89が7つ形成されており、下端受けプレート88をささら桁3の下端に設けられた下端側スリット溝33に挿入して、ドリフトピン8をささら桁3の下端側ピン孔34と下端受けプレート88のピン挿入孔89とを貫通するように挿入して、基礎6にささら桁3の下端を固定している。   The joining structure 72 is a horizontal plate shape supported by the cross support portion 80 and has a contact portion 87 whose upper surface is in contact with the lower end of the saddle beam 3 and a plate shape rising from the contact portion 87. The lower end receiving plate 88 is inserted into the lower end side slit groove 33 formed at the lower end, and the drift pin 8 connects the lower end of the spar 3 and the lower end receiving plate 88. Seven pin insertion holes 89 are formed in the lower end receiving plate 88, and the lower end receiving plate 88 is inserted into the lower end side slit groove 33 provided at the lower end of the counter beam 3, so that the drift pin 8 is The lower end side pin hole 34 and the pin insertion hole 89 of the lower end receiving plate 88 are inserted so as to pass through, and the lower end of the spar 3 is fixed to the foundation 6.

このように、本実施形態の階段下地構造1は、ささら桁3の上端を梁5に接合し、ささら桁3の下端を基礎6に接合してささら桁3を建築物の構造躯体に架け渡した構造である。階段下地構造1のささら桁3は間隔を開けて平行に2本以上架け渡されている。そして、階段2は図11に示すように、この階段下地構造1おけるささら桁3に段板9と蹴込板10とが架設された構成である。詳しくは後述する。   As described above, the stair base structure 1 according to the present embodiment joins the upper end of the spar 3 to the beam 5 and joins the lower end of the spar 3 to the foundation 6 to bridge the spar 3 on the structural frame of the building. This is the structure. Two or more sagittal girders 3 of the staircase foundation structure 1 are spanned in parallel with an interval. As shown in FIG. 11, the staircase 2 has a structure in which a step plate 9 and a kick plate 10 are installed on a saddle girder 3 in the stair base structure 1. Details will be described later.

階段下地構造1は、少なくとも建築物の基礎6及び梁5が施工された後で、且つ内装を施工する前に設置される。具体的には、少なくとも建築物の基礎6を打設し、柱、梁5を組み上げた後であり、例えば小屋組みを組み上げて屋根の防水を施工した後に、階段下地構造1を設置することが防水上は好ましい。また、少なくとも上階の電気配線や床板の施工、石膏ボードや壁紙の施工よりも前に階段下地構造1を設置することが、安全性や資材の上階への搬入の利便性などの観点から好ましい。   The staircase foundation structure 1 is installed after at least the foundation 6 and the beam 5 of the building are constructed and before the interior is constructed. Specifically, after at least the foundation 6 of the building is placed and the pillars and beams 5 are assembled, for example, after the roof is constructed and the roof is waterproofed, the staircase structure 1 is waterproof. The above is preferable. In addition, from the viewpoint of safety and the convenience of carrying materials to the upper floor, it is necessary to install the staircase foundation structure 1 before the installation of electrical wiring and floorboards on the upper floor, and the construction of gypsum board and wallpaper. preferable.

次に、以上のように構成される階段下地構造1を有する階段の施工方法について、図6から図12を参照しつつ説明する。上階の図示しない柱の間に梁5が架設されて建築物の構造躯体が組み立てられる際に、予め階段2の上端が配置される位置の梁5には、上端金物41が固定されている。上端金物41は、梁5の階段2を設置する側の側面に接続プレート42を当接させて、上端受けプレート44を突出させている。接続プレート42は梁5を貫通する3本のボルト部46が固定されており、このボルト部46に螺着するナット部47が接続プレート42の反対側から梁5に当接して梁5に上端金物41を固定している。   Next, the construction method of the staircase having the stair base structure 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. When the beam 5 is installed between the pillars (not shown) on the upper floor and the structural frame of the building is assembled, the upper end hardware 41 is fixed to the beam 5 at the position where the upper end of the stairs 2 is arranged in advance. . The upper end hardware 41 projects the upper end receiving plate 44 by bringing the connection plate 42 into contact with the side surface of the beam 5 on the side where the staircase 2 is installed. The connection plate 42 has three bolt portions 46 that pass through the beam 5 fixed thereto, and a nut portion 47 that is screwed to the bolt portion 46 abuts the beam 5 from the opposite side of the connection plate 42 and has an upper end on the beam 5. The hardware 41 is fixed.

一方、基礎6の土間コンクリート61には、階段2の下端を配置する位置の下方に、立設部71が位置決めされて接着剤及びコンクリート釘により固定され、束部75の高さ調整機構74によって高さ調整された下端接合部7が立設される。   On the other hand, on the soil concrete 61 of the foundation 6, a standing portion 71 is positioned and fixed by an adhesive and a concrete nail below the position where the lower end of the staircase 2 is arranged, and the height adjusting mechanism 74 of the bundle portion 75 is used. The lower end joint 7 whose height is adjusted is erected.

そして、図6に示すように、ささら桁3の上端近傍の側面に形成されている上端側ピン孔32の内、上側のピン孔32aにドリフトピン8を挿入して、上端金物41の上端受けプレート44を上端側スリット溝31に挿入させるようにささら桁3を移動させて、上側の上端側ピン孔32に挿入されているドリフトピン8を上端受けプレート44の受け溝48に引っ掛けて、ささら桁3の上端を梁5に係止する。そして、ささら桁3の下端に設けられた下端側スリット溝33に下端接合部7の下端受けプレート88を挿入させて、ささら桁3をその下端面が下端接合部7の当接部87に当接して載置された状態に配置する。   Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the drift pin 8 is inserted into the upper pin hole 32 a out of the upper end side pin holes 32 formed on the side surface near the upper end of the spar 3, and the upper end receiver of the upper end hardware 41 is received. The spar 3 is moved so that the plate 44 is inserted into the upper end slit groove 31, and the drift pin 8 inserted into the upper end side pin hole 32 is hooked on the receiving groove 48 of the upper end receiving plate 44, The upper end of the beam 3 is locked to the beam 5. Then, the lower end receiving plate 88 of the lower end joint portion 7 is inserted into the lower end side slit groove 33 provided at the lower end of the sheath beam 3, and the lower end surface of the sheath beam 3 contacts the contact portion 87 of the lower end joint portion 7. Place it in a state of being placed in contact.

その後、図7に示すように、ドリフトピン8をささら桁3の上端側ピン孔32の下側のピン孔32bと上端受けプレート44のピン挿入孔45とに挿通させて、上端接合部4を完成させ、ささら桁3の上端を梁5に接合する。そして、7つのドリフトピン8を7つの下端側ピン孔34と下端受けプレート88のピン挿入孔89とに挿通させて、下端接合部7を完成させて、ささら桁3の下端を基礎6に接合する。   After that, as shown in FIG. 7, the drift pin 8 is inserted into the pin hole 32 b below the upper end side pin hole 32 of the spar 3 and the pin insertion hole 45 of the upper end receiving plate 44. The upper end of the spar 3 is joined to the beam 5. Then, the seven drift pins 8 are inserted into the seven lower end side pin holes 34 and the pin insertion holes 89 of the lower end receiving plate 88 to complete the lower end joint 7, and the lower end of the spar 3 is joined to the foundation 6. To do.

そして、上述のような工程を繰り返して、図8に示すように、互いに平行な2本のささら桁3を梁5と基礎6との間に架け渡して、本実施形態の階段下地構造1を完成させる。この階段下地構造1には、図9に示すように、仮設の渡し板11を2本のささら桁3の水平面上にビスなどで仮固定して仮設階段として建築物の施工に利用できる。したがって、内装等を施工する前に、この階段下地構造1を設置し渡し板11を仮設して仮設階段として使用することで、上階への資材の搬入や作業者の昇降の安全性を高めることができるとともに、別途仮設階段を設置し、又は梯子を設置する必要がないので低コストで施工することができる。   Then, by repeating the above-described steps, as shown in FIG. 8, two parallel beams 3 that are parallel to each other are bridged between the beam 5 and the foundation 6, and the staircase foundation structure 1 of the present embodiment is obtained. Finalize. As shown in FIG. 9, a temporary transfer plate 11 can be temporarily fixed on the horizontal surface of the two spar girders 3 with a screw or the like in the stair base structure 1 as a temporary staircase for construction work. Therefore, before constructing the interior, etc., by installing the stair foundation structure 1 and temporarily installing the transfer plate 11 and using it as a temporary staircase, the safety of carrying materials to the upper floor and raising and lowering the operator is increased. In addition, it is not necessary to install a temporary staircase or to install a ladder.

本実施形態の階段下地構造1は、2本のささら桁3を平行に並べたものに限定されるものではない。例えば、建築物に観客席のようなひな壇を設ける場合や幅の広い階段2を設置する場合には、段板9が長尺となるので、この段板9に加わる荷重を支えるために、図10に示すように、3本以上のささら桁3を並べた階段下地構造1を用いることができる。本実施形態の階段下地構造1は、梁5及び基礎6に階段下地構造1が接合されるものであるので、3本以上並べたとしてもささら桁3の下に階段2を支持する柱等の部材は必要なく、階段2下の空間を自由に利用することができる。   The staircase foundation structure 1 of the present embodiment is not limited to a structure in which two spar 3 are arranged in parallel. For example, in the case of providing a floor like a spectator seat in a building, or when installing a wide staircase 2, the step board 9 is long, so that the load applied to the step board 9 is supported by a figure. As shown in FIG. 10, a stair base structure 1 in which three or more spar 3 are arranged can be used. Since the staircase foundation structure 1 of this embodiment is a structure in which the staircase foundation structure 1 is joined to the beam 5 and the foundation 6, even if three or more are arranged, a column or the like that supports the staircase 2 under the further girder 3 No member is required, and the space under the stairs 2 can be used freely.

図9に示したような仮設階段として、建築物の施工時の上階への資材の搬入や作業者の昇降に使用し、建築物の内装がほとんど完成すると、階段下地構造1には、段板9、蹴込板10などを固定して階段2を完成させる。階段下地構造1を設置した基礎6の上には、鋼製床束12、大引13、根太14などで床組みを形成し、その上に床板15を施工している。そして、階段下地構造1は、まず、仮設階段に用いた渡し板11を取り外し、蹴込板10と段板9とを例えば接着剤などによって順次固定する。ささら桁3の下面には、例えば強化石膏ボード16をビスで固定することが、階段2の耐火性の観点から好ましい。ささら桁3は木製であるので、下面や側面に化粧板材などをビスなどで簡単に固定することができる。   The temporary staircase as shown in FIG. 9 is used for carrying materials to the upper floor during construction of the building and for raising and lowering the workers. When the interior of the building is almost completed, the staircase foundation structure 1 has a step. The board 9 and the kick board 10 are fixed to complete the stairs 2. On the foundation 6 on which the stair base structure 1 is installed, a floor set is formed with a steel floor bundle 12, a large draw 13, a joist 14, and the floor board 15 is constructed thereon. The stair base structure 1 first removes the transfer plate 11 used for the temporary staircase, and sequentially fixes the kick plate 10 and the step plate 9 with, for example, an adhesive. It is preferable from the viewpoint of fire resistance of the stairs 2 that, for example, the reinforced gypsum board 16 is fixed to the bottom surface of the spar 3 with screws. Since the sasara girders 3 are made of wood, a decorative board material or the like can be easily fixed to the lower surface and the side surface with screws or the like.

本実施形態の階段2は、このように、梁5と基礎6とに接合されて架設される構成であるので、図示しない間仕切壁と離間した位置に設けることができ、間仕切壁とは独立した階段2であっても蹴込板10を有する構成とすることで、安定感のあるデザインにすることができ、また、このような独立した階段2であっても下部を収納などの自由な用途に利用することができる。   Since the staircase 2 of the present embodiment is constructed by being joined to the beam 5 and the foundation 6 in this way, it can be provided at a position separated from a partition wall (not shown), and is independent of the partition wall. Even if it is the stairs 2, it can be made into a design with a sense of stability by having the structure having the kick plate 10, and even in such an independent stairs 2, the lower part can be used for free use such as storage. Can be used.

なお、本実施形態における階段2は、間仕切壁から離間して設けられているが、本発明の階段2及び階段下地構造1は、一方の側面又は両方の側面が間仕切壁に隣接して設けられるものを排除するものではない。また、本実施形態における階段2は、段板9と蹴込板10とを有する構成であるが、例えば、本実施形態の階段下地構造1のささら桁3に蹴込板10が架設されずに、段板9が架設されてなる構成であってもよい   In addition, although the staircase 2 in this embodiment is provided away from the partition wall, the staircase 2 and the staircase foundation structure 1 of the present invention are provided with one side surface or both side surfaces adjacent to the partition wall. It does not exclude things. Moreover, although the staircase 2 in this embodiment is the structure which has the step board 9 and the kick board 10, for example, the kick board 10 is not constructed in the sagging girder 3 of the stair base structure 1 of this embodiment, but a step. The structure by which the board 9 is constructed may be sufficient.

この場合、本実施形態を用いた階段下地構造1を用いたシースルー階段とすることができる。なお、この場合、ささら桁3を塗装して化粧階段とすることが好ましい。   In this case, a see-through staircase using the staircase foundation structure 1 using this embodiment can be obtained. In this case, it is preferable that the spar 3 is painted to form a decorative staircase.

また、本実施形態においては、下端接合部7は、土間コンクリート61又は基礎スラブに立設される構成であるが、これに限定されるものではなく、図12に示すように、基礎6の立ち上がり部62に下端接合部7aが固定される構成であってもよい。この実施形態では下端接合部7aは、図13及び図14に示すように、ささら桁3の下端と基礎6とを接合するものであり、基礎6の立ち上がり部62に立設される立設部71aと、立設部71aの上端に設けられ、ささら桁3の下端を固定する接合構造72aとを備える。   Moreover, in this embodiment, although the lower end junction part 7 is the structure standingly arranged in the soil concrete 61 or a foundation slab, it is not limited to this, As shown in FIG. A configuration in which the lower end joint portion 7a is fixed to the portion 62 may be employed. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the lower end joint portion 7 a joins the lower end of the spar 3 and the foundation 6, and stands upright on the rising portion 62 of the foundation 6. 71 a and a joining structure 72 a that is provided at the upper end of the standing portion 71 a and fixes the lower end of the spar 3.

立設部71は、基礎6の立ち上がり部62に固定されるベース部77aと、ベース部77aの中央から上方に立ち上がる水平断面が十字状の十字支持部80aと、により構成されている。ベース部77aは基礎6の立ち上がり部62に形成された図示しないアンカーに固定されている。ベース部77aの上面中央には、十字支持部80aが溶接固定されている。また、接合構造72aは、上述の実施形態と同様の構成であるので、同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。   The standing portion 71 includes a base portion 77a fixed to the rising portion 62 of the foundation 6, and a cross support portion 80a having a cross-shaped horizontal section rising upward from the center of the base portion 77a. The base portion 77a is fixed to an anchor (not shown) formed on the rising portion 62 of the foundation 6. A cross support portion 80a is welded and fixed to the center of the upper surface of the base portion 77a. Moreover, since the joining structure 72a is the same structure as the above-mentioned embodiment, it attaches | subjects the same code | symbol and abbreviate | omits description.

このように、本実施形態の階段下地構造1は、基礎6と柱及び梁5が組み立てられた段階で設置することができ、内装や床板、電気配線などの他の要素を施工する前から階段下地構造1を設置することができるので、ささら桁3に渡し板11を仮設して仮設階段として利用することができるので、上階への資材の搬入や作業者の昇降を安全に行うことができ、また、このようにささら桁3が梁5と基礎6とに接合されて階段2を支える構成であることから、階段2の両側に壁を設ける必要がなく、間仕切壁などの壁から独立した階段2とすることができ、階段2を設置する位置の設計の自由度を高めることができる。さらに、ささら桁3を木製とすることで、例えば石膏ボードを設置する際のビス打ちの下地材として用いることもできるので、階段下地構造1の下面や側面に簡単に化粧材を固定することができる。   As described above, the stair base structure 1 of the present embodiment can be installed at the stage where the foundation 6 and the pillars and the beams 5 are assembled, and the staircase before the construction of other elements such as interiors, floor boards, and electrical wiring. Since the foundation structure 1 can be installed, the transfer plate 11 can be temporarily installed on the spar 3 and used as a temporary staircase. Therefore, it is possible to safely carry in materials to the upper floor and to move the operator up and down. In addition, since the spar 3 is joined to the beam 5 and the foundation 6 to support the stairs 2 as described above, it is not necessary to provide walls on both sides of the stairs 2 and is independent from walls such as partition walls. Thus, the degree of freedom in designing the position where the staircase 2 is installed can be increased. Further, by making the stool 3 wooden, for example, it can be used as a base material for screwing when a gypsum board is installed, so that a decorative material can be easily fixed to the lower surface and the side surface of the stair base structure 1. it can.

なお、本発明の実施の形態は上述の形態に限ることなく、本発明の思想の範囲を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更することができることは云うまでもない。   Needless to say, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the idea of the present invention.

本発明に係る階段下地構造1、階段2、及び階段の施工方法は、例えば2階建ての木造住宅を建築する際に好適に適用することができる。   The stair foundation structure 1, the staircase 2, and the staircase construction method according to the present invention can be suitably applied, for example, when building a two-story wooden house.

1 階段下地構造
2 階段
3 ささら桁
4 上端接合部
5 梁
6 基礎
7 下端接合部
8 ドリフトピン
9 段板
10 蹴込板
11 渡し板
31 上端側スリット溝
32 上端側ピン孔
33 下端側スリット溝
34 下端側ピン孔
43 梁接続部
44 上端受けプレート
45 ピン挿入孔
71 立設部
72 接合構造
88 下端受けプレート
89 ピン挿入孔
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stair base structure 2 Stairs 3 Sasara girders 4 Upper end joint 5 Beam 6 Foundation 7 Lower end joint 8 Drift pin 9 Step plate 10 Kick plate 11 Transfer plate 31 Upper end side slit groove 32 Upper end side pin hole 33 Lower end side slit groove 34 Lower end Side pin hole 43 Beam connection part 44 Upper end receiving plate 45 Pin insertion hole 71 Standing part 72 Joining structure 88 Lower end receiving plate 89 Pin insertion hole

Claims (6)

斜めに架け渡される木製の複数のささら桁と、
建築物の梁と前記ささら桁の上端とを接合する上端接合部と、
建築物の基礎と前記ささら桁の下端とを接合する下端接合部と、
を備え、
前記下端接合部は、基礎に立設されて前記下端接合部の高さ調整機構を有する立設部と、前記立設部の上端に設けられ、前記ささら桁の下端を固定する接合構造とを備え
前記接合構造は、前記ささら桁の下端に設けられたスリット溝に挿入された下端受けプレートと、前記下端受けプレートに直交するように、前記ささら桁の下部の側面から水平に設けられたピン孔と前記下端受けプレートに設けられたピン挿入孔に挿入されてなるドリフトピンと、を有することを特徴とする階段下地構造。
With several wooden spar girders spanned diagonally,
An upper end joint for joining the beam of the building and the upper end of the spar,
A lower end joint for joining the foundation of the building and the lower end of the spar, and
With
The lower end joint portion is provided on a foundation and has a height adjusting mechanism of the lower end joint portion, and a joint structure provided at the upper end of the standing portion and fixing the lower end of the spar. Prepared ,
The joint structure includes a lower end receiving plate inserted into a slit groove provided at a lower end of the sagittal girder, and a pin hole provided horizontally from a side surface of the lower portion of the sagittal girder so as to be orthogonal to the lower end receiving plate. And a drift pin inserted into a pin insertion hole provided in the lower end receiving plate .
前記上端接合部は、前記梁に固定された梁接続部と、前記ささら桁の上端に設けられたスリット溝に挿入された上端受けプレートと、前記上端受けプレートに直交するように、前記ささら桁の上部の側面から水平に設けられたピン孔と前記上端受けプレートに設けられたピン挿入孔に挿入されてなるドリフトピンと、を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の階段下地構造。 The upper end joint portion includes a beam connecting portion fixed to the beam, an upper end receiving plate inserted in a slit groove provided at an upper end of the counter beam, and the counter beam so as to be orthogonal to the upper end receiving plate. The staircase foundation structure according to claim 1, further comprising: a pin hole provided horizontally from an upper side surface of the substrate and a drift pin inserted into a pin insertion hole provided in the upper end receiving plate. 前記ささら桁が互いに平行に3本以上並べて設置されることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の階段下地構造。 Stairs underlying structure of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the sasara digits are placed side by side parallel to three or more from each other. 請求項1から請求項のいずれかの階段下地構造を備えた階段であって、
間仕切壁と離間した位置に設けられており、
前記ささら桁に段板と蹴込板とがそれぞれ架設されてなることを特徴とする階段。
A staircase comprising the staircase foundation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
It is provided at a position separated from the partition wall,
A staircase characterized in that a step board and a kick board are respectively constructed on the spar.
請求項1から請求項のいずれかの階段下地構造を備えた階段であって、
間仕切壁と離間した位置に設けられており、
前記ささら桁に蹴込板が架設されずに、段板が架設されてなることを特徴とする階段。
A staircase comprising the staircase foundation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
It is provided at a position separated from the partition wall,
The staircase is characterized in that a step board is erected without a kick plate being erected on the further girder.
少なくとも基礎及び梁を施工した後で、且つ、内装を施工する前に、請求項1から請求項のいずれかの階段下地構造を設置し、
前記ささら桁に渡し板を仮設して、仮設階段として使用し、
その後前記渡し板を取り外して、少なくとも段板を固定することを特徴とする階段の施工方法。
After constructing at least the foundation and the beam, and before constructing the interior, install the staircase foundation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
Temporarily install a transfer board on the sasara girder and use it as a temporary staircase.
Then, the said board is removed and at least the step board is fixed, The construction method of the staircase characterized by the above-mentioned.
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