JP6391285B2 - Oral model and method for manufacturing oral model - Google Patents
Oral model and method for manufacturing oral model Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、歯科又は口腔外科において、歯科インプラント治療又は口腔外科手術等の、事前検討に供せられる、口腔模型、及び口腔模型の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an oral model and a method for manufacturing the oral model, which are subjected to prior examination such as dental implant treatment or oral surgery in dentistry or oral surgery.
口腔外科手術のひとつに歯科インプラント治療がある。インプラント治療とは、齲蝕や歯周病、外傷等によって歯を失ってしまったところに、インプラント体（人工の歯根）を埋め込み、その上にアバットメントと義歯を被せる治療法のことで、インプラント体を顎骨に埋入することによって、義歯がしっかり固定され、咬合力と、審美性に優れるという利点がある。インプラント治療では、天然歯のような噛み心地を取り戻すために、上顎、下顎の骨の3次元的構造を把握し、術前計画を綿密に立案しなければならない。ところが、従来のパノラマ Ｘ線撮影法は、人体を透過したＸ線をそのまま印画紙に投影するだけであるから、立体的な位置関係を正しく把握できず、顎骨の厚みなどは測定できなかった。コンピュータ断層撮影（ＣＴ）は、上顎、下顎の骨の3次元的構造のみならず、骨の内部にある神経や血管の走行状況などの立体情報も、正確に把握できるため、歯科でも用いられる。しかし、ＣＴによって取得した情報は、液晶モニタや写真などのように２次元平面に画像として出力するよりも、３次元の実体模型を作製したほうが、実感が湧き、深みのある術前検討が期待できる。例えば、実体模型であれば、ドリルで孔をあけ、インプラントの埋入位置や埋入方向、埋入深さについて、実地的に検討することができる。 One type of oral surgery is dental implant treatment. Implant treatment is a treatment method in which an implant body (artificial root) is embedded where a tooth has been lost due to caries, periodontal disease, trauma, etc., and an abutment and denture are placed on the implant body. By embedding in the jawbone, the denture is firmly fixed, and there is an advantage that the occlusal force and the aesthetics are excellent. In implant treatment, in order to regain the chewing feeling of natural teeth, it is necessary to grasp the three-dimensional structure of the maxillary and mandibular bones and to make a detailed preoperative plan. However, since the conventional panoramic X-ray imaging method simply projects the X-rays that have passed through the human body onto the photographic paper as it is, it cannot correctly grasp the three-dimensional positional relationship and cannot measure the thickness of the jawbone. Computed tomography (CT) is used not only in the three-dimensional structure of the maxillary and mandibular bones but also in dentistry because it can accurately grasp three-dimensional information such as the running conditions of nerves and blood vessels inside the bone. However, it is more promising to create a three-dimensional solid model than to output the information acquired by CT as an image on a two-dimensional plane, such as a liquid crystal monitor or a photograph. it can. For example, in the case of a solid model, a hole can be drilled with a drill, and the implantation position, implantation direction, and implantation depth of the implant can be examined practically.
特許文献１には、光学スキャナーによって電子データ化された口腔印象の外部形状と、コンピュータ断層撮影装置によって電子データ化された歯および顎骨からなる口腔の内部形状を、コンピュータ上で合成し、合成された３次元データに基づき、３Ｄプリンターで実体模型を作製する、発明が開示されている。 In Patent Document 1, an external shape of an oral impression converted into electronic data by an optical scanner and an internal shape of an oral cavity composed of teeth and jawbone converted into electronic data by a computer tomography apparatus are synthesized on a computer and synthesized. An invention is disclosed in which a solid model is produced by a 3D printer based on the three-dimensional data.
また、特許文献２には、患者の石膏歯型模型のＣＴ画像データと、患者顎部のＣＴ画像データを、合成して得られた電子データに基づき、３Ｄプリンターによって実体模型を作製する、発明が開示されている。 Patent Document 2 discloses an invention in which a solid model is produced by a 3D printer based on electronic data obtained by combining CT image data of a patient's plaster model and CT image data of a patient's jaw. Is disclosed.
特許文献３には、石膏印象模型から取得した口腔形状のデータと、患者のＣＴスキャンから取得した顎骨形状のデータを、コンピュータ上で仮想的に位置合せし、インプラント挿入位置を決定し、口腔形状からドリル用導入口の形状とドリルガイド部品の形状を差し引いたデータを作製し、そのデータに基づくステント作製用の実体模型を３Ｄプリンターによって作製する、発明が開示されている。 In Patent Document 3, the oral shape data acquired from the gypsum impression model and the jaw bone shape data acquired from the CT scan of the patient are virtually aligned on a computer, the implant insertion position is determined, and the oral shape is determined. An invention is disclosed in which data obtained by subtracting the shape of a drill introduction port and the shape of a drill guide part from is prepared, and a solid model for stent production based on the data is produced by a 3D printer.
特許文献１〜３に開示された技術は、いずれも、歯型印象として取得される口腔の外部形状と、コンピュータ断層撮影によって取得される歯及び顎骨などの口腔の内部形状を、コンピュータ上で合成し、然る後に３Ｄプリンターで、口腔模型を作製している。 Each of the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 synthesizes the external shape of the oral cavity acquired as a dental impression and the internal shape of the oral cavity such as teeth and jawbone acquired by computer tomography on a computer. Then, after that, the oral model is made with a 3D printer.
しかし、上記特許文献１〜３に記載された方法では、軟組織と硬組織とを別々の部材で作って、両者を接合し、軟組織をめくって、内部の硬組織を見れるような模型を作ることが難しかった。 However, in the methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, a soft tissue and a hard tissue are made of separate members, and both are joined, and the soft tissue is turned over to make a model that allows the internal hard tissue to be seen. It was difficult.
本発明の目的は、患者の歯及び顎骨の形状から型取られた立体形状の硬組織模型部に、同じ患者の粘膜の形状から型取られた立体形状の軟組織模型部が接合されており、必要に応じて軟組織模型部をめくり、下層にある硬組織の形状を確認することができる口腔模型及びその製造方法を提供することにある。 The object of the present invention is to join a three-dimensional hard tissue model part modeled from the shape of the patient's teeth and jawbone with a three-dimensional soft tissue model part modeled from the same patient's mucosa shape, An object of the present invention is to provide an oral model capable of turning a soft tissue model part as necessary and confirming the shape of a hard tissue in a lower layer and a manufacturing method thereof.
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の口腔模型は、患者の歯及び顎骨の形状から型取られた立体形状の硬組織模型部に、同じ患者の粘膜の形状から型取られた立体形状の軟組織模型部が接合されており、前記軟組織模型部は、前記硬組織模型部に対してめくることが可能な柔軟な樹脂材料で構成されていることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the oral model of the present invention is a three-dimensional soft tissue modeled from the shape of the same patient's mucous membrane in a three-dimensional hard tissue model modeled from the shape of the patient's teeth and jawbone. The model part is joined, The soft tissue model part is comprised with the flexible resin material which can be turned with respect to the said hard tissue model part, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
本発明の口腔模型において、硬組織模型部は、ＡＢＳ樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリ乳酸樹脂、光硬化性エポキシ樹脂、光硬化性アクリル樹脂、ナイロン、ポリプロピレン、銅、青銅、チタン、ニッケル、石膏から選ばれた材料からなり、前記軟組織模型部は、縮合重合型シリコーン樹脂、付加重合型シリコーン樹脂、ポリエーテルゴム樹脂、ポリサルファイドゴム樹脂から選ばれた材料であることが好ましい。 In the oral model of the present invention, the hard tissue model part is selected from ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, polylactic acid resin, photocurable epoxy resin, photocurable acrylic resin, nylon, polypropylene, copper, bronze, titanium, nickel, and gypsum. The soft tissue model portion is preferably a material selected from a condensation polymerization type silicone resin, an addition polymerization type silicone resin, a polyether rubber resin, and a polysulfide rubber resin.
本発明の口腔模型の製造方法は、コンピュータ断層撮影によって取得された患者の歯及び顎骨の３次元形状データに基づいて、３Ｄプリンターによって歯及び顎骨の形状を型取った硬組織模型部を作製する硬組織模型部作製工程と、同じ患者の顎部に印象材を押し付けて形成された印象の凹部に、前記硬組織模型部を適合させて挿入し、前記印象の凹部内周と前記硬組織模型部との隙間に樹脂材料を充填して固化させる軟組織模型部作製工程と、前記硬組織模型部及び前記軟組織模型部を前記印象から取り外す取外し工程とを含み、前記樹脂材料は、固化後に前記硬組織模型部に対してめくることが可能な柔軟性を有していることを特徴とする。 According to the method for manufacturing an oral model of the present invention, a hard tissue model part obtained by shaping a shape of a tooth and a jawbone with a 3D printer is prepared based on the three-dimensional shape data of the patient's teeth and jawbone obtained by computer tomography. The hard tissue model portion is produced, and the hard tissue model portion is inserted into the concave portion of the impression formed by pressing an impression material against the jaw of the same patient, and the inner periphery of the impression concave portion and the hard tissue model are inserted. A soft tissue model part manufacturing step of filling a resin material in a gap between the part and solidifying, and a removing step of removing the hard tissue model part and the soft tissue model part from the impression, wherein the resin material is hardened after solidification. It has the flexibility which can be turned with respect to a tissue model part.
もしくは、本発明の口腔模型の製造方法は、コンピュータ断層撮影によって取得された患者の歯及び顎骨の３次元形状データに基づいて、３Ｄプリンターによって歯及び顎骨の形状を型取った硬組織模型部を作製する硬組織模型部作製工程と、同じ患者の顎部に印象材を押し付けて形成された印象の凹部に樹脂材料を充填し、前記印象の凹部に前記硬組織模型部を適合させて挿入し、前記樹脂材料を前記印象の凹部と前記硬組織模型部との隙間に流動させて固化させる軟組織模型部作製工程と、前記硬組織模型部及び前記軟組織模型部を前記印象から取り外す取外し工程とを含み、前記樹脂材料は、硬化後に前記硬組織模型部に対してめくることが可能な柔軟性を有していることを特徴とする。 Alternatively, in the method for manufacturing an oral model of the present invention, a hard tissue model portion obtained by shaping the shape of a tooth and jawbone with a 3D printer based on the three-dimensional shape data of the patient's teeth and jawbone obtained by computed tomography. The hard tissue model part manufacturing step to be prepared and the impression material formed by pressing an impression material against the jaw of the same patient are filled with a resin material, and the hard tissue model part is fitted and inserted into the recess part of the impression. A soft tissue model part manufacturing step for causing the resin material to flow into a gap between the impression recess and the hard tissue model part to solidify, and a removing step for removing the hard tissue model part and the soft tissue model part from the impression. In addition, the resin material has a flexibility that can be turned with respect to the hard tissue model portion after curing.
本発明の口腔模型の製造方法において、軟組織模型部作製工程の際に、前記印象の所定箇所に空気抜きのための排出口を開けておくことが好ましい。 In the method for manufacturing an oral model of the present invention, it is preferable to open an air outlet for venting air at a predetermined location of the impression during the soft tissue model part manufacturing step.
本発明の口腔模型の製造方法において、前記硬組織模型部は、ＡＢＳ樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリ乳酸樹脂、光硬化性エポキシ樹脂、光硬化性アクリル樹脂、ナイロン、ポリプロピレン、銅、青銅、チタン、ニッケル、石膏から選ばれた材料で形成し、前記軟組織模型部は、縮合重合型シリコーン樹脂、付加重合型シリコーン樹脂、ポリエーテルゴム樹脂、ポリサルファイドゴム樹脂から選ばれた材料で形成することが好ましい。 In the method for manufacturing an oral model of the present invention, the hard tissue model portion is made of ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, polylactic acid resin, photocurable epoxy resin, photocurable acrylic resin, nylon, polypropylene, copper, bronze, titanium, nickel. Preferably, the soft tissue model part is formed of a material selected from a condensation polymerization type silicone resin, an addition polymerization type silicone resin, a polyether rubber resin, and a polysulfide rubber resin.
本発明の口腔模型の製造方法において、取外し工程の後、前記印象の凹部からはみ出た前記樹脂材料をトリミングするトリミング工程を含むことが好ましい。 The method for manufacturing an oral model of the present invention preferably includes a trimming step of trimming the resin material protruding from the concave portion of the impression after the removing step.
本発明の口腔模型によれば、患者の歯及び顎骨の形状から型取られた立体形状の硬組織模型部に、同じ患者の粘膜の形状から型取られた立体形状の軟組織模型部が接合されており、前記軟組織模型部は、柔軟な樹脂で構成されているために、前記硬組織模型部に対してめくることができる。このため、軟組織の内部の状況を模型によって確認し、治療方法などを的確に検討することができる。 According to the oral model of the present invention, a three-dimensional hard tissue model part modeled from the shape of the patient's teeth and jawbone is joined to a three-dimensional soft tissue model part modeled from the same patient's mucosa shape. In addition, since the soft tissue model portion is made of a flexible resin, it can be turned with respect to the hard tissue model portion. For this reason, the condition inside the soft tissue can be confirmed by a model, and a treatment method and the like can be accurately examined.
本発明の口腔模型は、硬組織模型部と軟組織模型部からなり、硬組織模型部は少なくとも歯及び上顎骨、下顎骨、口蓋骨のうちから選ばれる１つ以上の形状を有し、軟組織模型部は少なくとも歯肉、及び／又は、口蓋粘膜の形状を有する。 The oral model of the present invention comprises a hard tissue model part and a soft tissue model part, and the hard tissue model part has at least one shape selected from teeth, maxilla, mandible and palate, The part has at least the shape of gingiva and / or palatal mucosa.
まず、硬組織模型部を作製する方法について説明すると、本発明では、硬組織形状データの取得に、コンピュータ断層撮影（ＣＴ）を用いることができる。ＣＴは、人体組織のＸ線吸収量の違いによって硬組織と軟組織を識別し、硬組織の形状データを取得することに適している。ＣＴは、Ｘ線を利用する断層撮影法であるため、空間分解能に優れており、硬組織の形状を高精度で把握することができる。硬組織と、血管又は神経との位置関係を正確に把握するために、造影剤を用いて、ＣＴ撮影してもよい。 First, a method for producing a hard tissue model part will be described. In the present invention, computed tomography (CT) can be used for acquiring hard tissue shape data. CT is suitable for identifying hard tissue and soft tissue based on the difference in the amount of X-ray absorption of human tissue and acquiring shape data of the hard tissue. Since CT is a tomographic method using X-rays, it has excellent spatial resolution and can grasp the shape of a hard tissue with high accuracy. In order to accurately grasp the positional relationship between the hard tissue and the blood vessel or nerve, CT imaging may be performed using a contrast agent.
ＣＴによって取得した口腔部のＸ線吸収データは、コンピュータ処理され、ＳＴＬ（ＳｔｅｒｏＬｉｔｈｏｇｒａｐｈｙ）形式のデータに変換することができる。そして、このＳＴＬデータから、コンピュータソフトウェアによって、歯、顎骨及び口蓋骨の形状データを抽出することができる。本明細書では、このようにして抽出した歯、顎骨及び口蓋骨の形状に係るＳＴＬデータを、硬組織の形状データと呼ぶことにする。 X-ray absorption data of the oral cavity acquired by CT can be computer-processed and converted to data in STL (Sterolithography) format. From the STL data, the shape data of the teeth, jawbone and palate can be extracted by computer software. In this specification, the STL data relating to the shapes of the teeth, jawbones, and palate bones extracted in this way will be referred to as shape data of hard tissue.
本発明において、硬組織形状データを取得するために、核磁気共鳴画像法（ＭＲＩ）を用いてもよい。ＭＲＩは、核磁気共鳴を利用する断層撮影法で、空間分解能においてＣＴには及ばないが、生体組織の違いをコントラストで識別することができる。例えば、ＣＴには映らない軟骨や靭帯、筋肉、血管、神経、腫瘍の形状を読み取ることができる。 In the present invention, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used to acquire hard tissue shape data. MRI is a tomographic method using nuclear magnetic resonance, and does not reach CT in spatial resolution, but can distinguish differences in living tissue by contrast. For example, the shapes of cartilage, ligaments, muscles, blood vessels, nerves, and tumors that are not reflected in CT can be read.
術前検討の目的に応じて、ＣＴもしくはＭＲＩによって取得した硬組織の形状データは、ソフトウェアによって、原型のトリミング、及び／又は、変形に相当する、データ加工を施してもよい。あるいは、硬組織の形状データに、軟骨、靭帯、筋肉、血管、神経、腫瘍、生体に埋め込まれた人工物の形状データを、部分的に付加してもよい。本明細書では、便宜上これらも硬組織に含めて、硬組織の形状データと呼ぶことにする。 Depending on the purpose of preoperative examination, the shape data of hard tissue acquired by CT or MRI may be subjected to data processing corresponding to original trimming and / or deformation by software. Alternatively, cartilage, ligament, muscle, blood vessel, nerve, tumor, and shape data of an artificial object embedded in the living body may be partially added to the shape data of the hard tissue. In the present specification, for convenience, these are also included in the hard tissue and referred to as shape data of the hard tissue.
本発明における硬組織の模型は３Ｄプリンターを用いて作製することができる。本発明では、熱溶解積層法、光造形法、インクジェット法、粉末焼結式積層法又は粉末固着式積層法を用いることができる。これらの造形法は、それぞれ下記に記載した特徴を備える。 The hard tissue model in the present invention can be prepared using a 3D printer. In the present invention, a hot melt laminating method, an optical modeling method, an ink jet method, a powder sintering laminating method, or a powder fixing laminating method can be used. Each of these modeling methods has the characteristics described below.
熱溶解積層法は、ＡＢＳ樹脂やポリ乳酸樹脂（ＰＬＡ）樹脂、ポリカーボネート（ＰＣ）樹脂などの、熱可塑性樹脂を1層ずつ積層していく方法である。ＡＢＳ樹脂は、機械的強度が高く、８０〜１００℃の耐熱性を有する。ＡＢＳ樹脂の基本色は乳白色であるが、塗料を混ぜて着色することができる。一般的に、熱溶解積層法は、光造形法よりも精度や表面仕上がり面でやや劣る。 The hot melt lamination method is a method in which thermoplastic resins such as ABS resin, polylactic acid resin (PLA) resin, and polycarbonate (PC) resin are laminated one by one. ABS resin has high mechanical strength and heat resistance of 80 to 100 ° C. The basic color of ABS resin is milky white, but it can be colored by mixing paint. In general, the hot melt lamination method is slightly inferior in accuracy and surface finish than the optical modeling method.
光造形法は、レーザー照射によってエポキシ樹脂を硬化させる方法であり、複雑な形状でも高精度で加工できる。透明エポキシ樹脂を積層材料として用いれば、透明の模型が作製できる。エポキシ樹脂をＡＢＳ樹脂と比較すると、エポキシ樹脂は、引張強度と曲げ強度でＡＢＳ樹脂と同等であるものの、衝撃靱性（ＡＢＳ樹脂の１／４）と耐熱性（ガラス転移温度５０〜６０℃）では劣る。本発明において、硬組織模型をエポキシ樹脂で作製する場合、軟組織模型の作製工程の上限温度は５０℃以下に制限される。 The stereolithography method is a method of curing an epoxy resin by laser irradiation, and can process a complicated shape with high accuracy. If a transparent epoxy resin is used as a laminated material, a transparent model can be produced. Comparing the epoxy resin with the ABS resin, the epoxy resin is equivalent to the ABS resin in tensile strength and bending strength, but in impact toughness (1/4 of the ABS resin) and heat resistance (glass transition temperature 50 to 60 ° C.). Inferior. In the present invention, when the hard tissue model is manufactured with an epoxy resin, the upper limit temperature of the soft tissue model manufacturing process is limited to 50 ° C. or less.
インクジェット法は、紫外線硬化性のアクリル樹脂液を噴射し、紫外線で固めながら積層させる方法であり、複雑な形状でも高精度で加工できる。耐熱性は５０℃程度である。 The inkjet method is a method in which an ultraviolet curable acrylic resin liquid is jetted and laminated while being cured with ultraviolet rays, and even a complicated shape can be processed with high accuracy. The heat resistance is about 50 ° C.
粉末焼結式積層法は、粉末状の材料に高出力のレーザー光線をあて焼結させて、積層する方法である。積層材料として、ナイロンやポリプロピレンなどの耐熱樹脂、銅・青銅・チタン・ニッケルなどの金属材料が適する。粉末焼結式積層法による模型は、耐熱性と強度に優れるが、表面仕上がりは粗いことが、短所になっている。 The powder sintering type laminating method is a method of laminating by applying a high-power laser beam to a powdery material and sintering. As the laminated material, heat-resistant resins such as nylon and polypropylene, and metal materials such as copper, bronze, titanium, and nickel are suitable. The model by the powder sintering type laminating method is excellent in heat resistance and strength, but the surface finish is rough.
粉末固着式積層法は、石膏粉末の薄い層の上に、インクジェットヘッドによる微小水滴を噴射して、固形化する方法である。石膏を積層するため、耐熱性に優れるが、脆いために薄くできないこと、粉っぽい表面になることが、短所になっている。 The powder fixing type laminating method is a method of solidifying a fine layer of gypsum powder by ejecting fine water droplets by an ink jet head. Laminating gypsum is excellent in heat resistance, but it is weak because it is brittle and cannot be thinned, and it has a powdery surface.
本発明では、目的に応じて、造形方式を、下記のように使い分けることができる。高精度模型が欲しい場合は、エポキシ樹脂を積層材料とする光造形法、もしくは、アクリル樹脂を積層材料とするインクジェット法を用いることができる。完成した立体模型に機械加工を加え術前検討したい場合は、ＡＢＳ樹脂、ＰＬＡ樹脂又はＰＣ樹脂を積層材料とする熱溶解積層法を用いることができる。 In the present invention, depending on the purpose, the modeling method can be properly used as follows. When a high-precision model is desired, an optical modeling method using an epoxy resin as a laminate material or an ink jet method using an acrylic resin as a laminate material can be used. When it is desired to perform a pre-study by adding machining to the completed three-dimensional model, a hot melt lamination method using ABS resin, PLA resin or PC resin as a laminate material can be used.
なお、３Ｄプリンターで造形した時に、表面に積層段差が残ることもあるが、模型の精度が損なわれない程度に、表面研磨して滑らかにしてもよい。また、見易くするために、硬組織部模型に表面塗装又はマーキングしてもよい。 In addition, although a lamination | stacking level | step difference may remain on the surface when modeling with a 3D printer, you may make it surface-polished and smooth to such an extent that the precision of a model is not impaired. Further, for easy viewing, the hard tissue model may be surface-coated or marked.
次に、上記で得られた硬組織部模型部上に、軟組織模型部を作製する方法について説明すると、本発明によれば、患者の顎部に、歯科印象トレーに盛られた印象材を押し付けて、歯肉及び口蓋粘膜からなる軟組織の形状と、歯の表面形状を、凹型の口腔印象として写し取ることができる。印象材として、アルジネート印象材、寒天印象材、縮合重合型シリコーン樹脂印象材、付加重合型シリコーン樹脂印象材、ポリサルファイド樹脂印象材、ポリエーテル樹脂印象材、酸化亜鉛ユージノール印象材、モデリングコンパウンド、もしくはこれらの印象材を２つ以上混合した連合印象材を用いることができる。このうち、アルジネート印象材及び寒天印象材、縮合重合型シリコーン樹脂印象材、付加重合型シリコーン樹脂印象材、ポリサルファイド樹脂印象材には弾性があり、口腔内のアンダーカットした個所であっても、形状を取得することができる。このうち、シリコーン樹脂印象材は、口腔表面の凹凸を精度よく写し取ることができ、適度な硬さの弾性を有しているため、特に好ましく用いることができる。 Next, a method for producing a soft tissue model part on the hard tissue part model part obtained above will be described. According to the present invention, the impression material placed on the dental impression tray is pressed against the patient's jaw part. Thus, the shape of the soft tissue composed of the gingiva and the palatal mucosa and the surface shape of the tooth can be copied as a concave oral impression. As an impression material, an alginate impression material, an agar impression material, a condensation polymerization type silicone resin impression material, an addition polymerization type silicone resin impression material, a polysulfide resin impression material, a polyether resin impression material, a zinc oxide Eugenol impression material, a modeling compound, or these A combined impression material obtained by mixing two or more impression materials can be used. Among these, alginate impression material and agar impression material, condensation polymerization type silicone resin impression material, addition polymerization type silicone resin impression material, polysulfide resin impression material are elastic, even in the undercut part of the oral cavity, the shape Can be obtained. Among these, the silicone resin impression material can be particularly preferably used because it can accurately copy the unevenness of the oral cavity surface and has elasticity of appropriate hardness.
図１を用いて、患者の上顎から印象を取得する工程を説明する。 The process of acquiring an impression from the patient's upper jaw will be described with reference to FIG.
同図（ａ）において、上方には患者の上顎が示されている。上顎は、歯１、上顎骨２、口蓋骨３、歯肉４、口蓋粘膜５、及び、***６からなる。この内、歯１、上顎骨２、及び、口蓋骨３を硬組織と呼び、歯肉４、及び、口蓋粘膜５を軟組織と呼ぶ。同図（ａ）の下方には、印象材１１を盛った印象トレー１０が示されている。 In FIG. 4A, the upper jaw of the patient is shown above. The maxilla consists of a tooth 1, maxilla 2, palatal bone 3, gingiva 4, palatal mucosa 5, and lip 6. Of these, the tooth 1, the maxilla 2 and the palatal bone 3 are called hard tissues, and the gingiva 4 and the palatal mucosa 5 are called soft tissues. Below the figure (a), the impression tray 10 which piled up the impression material 11 is shown.
同図（ｂ）は、印象トレー１０を介して、印象材１１を患者の上顎に押し付けた状態を示す。印象材１１は、歯１、歯肉４、口蓋粘膜５等の外周に沿って流動し、それらの外形を型取った凹状に成形される。 FIG. 2B shows a state in which the impression material 11 is pressed against the patient's upper jaw through the impression tray 10. The impression material 11 flows along the outer circumferences of the teeth 1, gums 4, palatal mucosa 5, and the like, and is formed into a concave shape whose outer shape is shaped.
同図（ｃ）は、印象材１１が凝固した後、患者の上顎から印象トレー１０及び印象材１１を取り外した状態を示す。 FIG. 3C shows a state where the impression tray 10 and the impression material 11 are removed from the upper jaw of the patient after the impression material 11 is solidified.
上記の作業によって、印象材１１に、歯１と、歯肉４と、口蓋粘膜５等の外表面の形状が、凹部となって写し取られ、印象１２が形成される。 As a result of the above operation, the shape of the outer surface of the impression material 11 such as the teeth 1, the gingiva 4, the palatal mucosa 5, etc. is copied as a recess to form an impression 12.
本発明の一実施形態によれば、前記の印象の凹部に、前記硬組織模型部を適合させて挿入し、前記印象の凹部内周と前記硬組織模型部との隙間に樹脂材料を充填して固化させ、軟組織模型部を作製することができる。また、別の実施形態によれば、前記の印象の凹部に樹脂材料を充填し、前記印象の凹部に前記硬組織模型部を適合させて挿入し、前記樹脂材料を前記印象の凹部と前記硬組織模型部との隙間に流動させて固化させることにより、軟組織模型部を作製することができる。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hard tissue model portion is fitted and inserted into the impression recess, and a resin material is filled in a gap between the impression recess inner periphery and the hard tissue model portion. And softened to produce a soft tissue model part. According to another embodiment, the impression recess is filled with a resin material, the hard tissue model portion is fitted and inserted into the impression recess, and the resin material is inserted into the impression recess and the hard portion. A soft tissue model part can be produced by allowing it to flow into a gap with the tissue model part and solidifying it.
軟組織模型部の材料は、固化する前は流動性に富む、液状樹脂材料であることが好ましい。そして、固化した樹脂は、印象と強力に接着していないこと（印象を容易に取り外せること）、取外しの際に力を加えても引き千切れないこと、アンダーカット部があっても容易に引き抜ける柔軟性を有していることが、好ましい。さらに、本発明の完成した模型において、軟組織模型部をめくり、下層にある硬組織模型部を観察できることが、好ましい。 The material of the soft tissue model portion is preferably a liquid resin material that is rich in fluidity before solidifying. The solidified resin does not adhere strongly to the impression (the impression can be easily removed), it cannot be torn off even if force is applied during removal, and it can easily be pulled out even if there is an undercut. It is preferable to have flexibility. Furthermore, in the completed model of the present invention, it is preferable that the soft tissue model part can be turned and the hard tissue model part in the lower layer can be observed.
軟組織模型部に用いる前記の液状樹脂材料として、弾性を有する歯科印象材を用いることができる。例えば、縮合重合型シリコーン樹脂、付加重合型シリコーン樹脂、ポリエーテルゴム樹脂、ポリサルファイドゴム樹脂が好ましく、特に付加重合型シリコーン樹脂印象材が好ましい。 As the liquid resin material used for the soft tissue model portion, a dental impression material having elasticity can be used. For example, a condensation polymerization type silicone resin, an addition polymerization type silicone resin, a polyether rubber resin, and a polysulfide rubber resin are preferable, and an addition polymerization type silicone resin impression material is particularly preferable.
歯科用のシリコーン樹脂印象材は、歯科術前検討における機械工作に耐えうる、十分な強度を有し、乾燥によって劣化することもない。歯科用のシリコーン樹脂印象材は４０℃以下でも比較的速く固化するため、硬組織模型部が熱に弱いエポキシ樹脂もしくはアクリル樹脂であっても適用できる。また、シリコーン樹脂印象材は撥水性が良いため、印象材にアルジネート又は寒天を選択すると、シリコーン樹脂製の軟組織模型部を、アルジネートもしくは寒天からなる印象から、簡単に剥がすことができる。逆に、印象材をシリコーン樹脂とし、軟組織模型部をアルジネート又は寒天とする選択肢もあるが、アルジネートや寒天は乾燥に弱く、保存が難しいという短所がある。印象材と、軟組織模型材の両方にシリコーン樹脂を用いる場合は、両者が剥がれやすいように、印象の表面に薄く剥離剤を塗布しておくとよい。剥離剤は、歯科印象材の付属品として市販されている、剥離剤を用いることができる。 The silicone resin impression material for dentistry has sufficient strength to withstand machining in pre-dental examination, and does not deteriorate by drying. Since the dental silicone resin impression material solidifies relatively quickly even at 40 ° C. or lower, it can be applied even if the hard tissue model portion is an epoxy resin or acrylic resin that is weak against heat. Moreover, since the silicone resin impression material has good water repellency, when an alginate or agar is selected as the impression material, the soft tissue model part made of silicone resin can be easily peeled off from the impression made of alginate or agar. On the contrary, there is an option that the impression material is made of silicone resin and the soft tissue model part is alginate or agar, but alginate and agar are weak in drying and have a disadvantage that it is difficult to preserve. When a silicone resin is used for both the impression material and the soft tissue model material, it is preferable to apply a thin release agent to the surface of the impression so that the two easily peel off. As the release agent, a release agent that is commercially available as an accessory of a dental impression material can be used.
硬組織模型部をＡＢＳ樹脂で作製した場合は、９０℃までは熱変形しないので、加熱して液状樹脂の固化を速めることができる。このため、市販のシリコーン樹脂で常温では固化の遅いものも、加温によって、本発明でも好ましく使用することができる。 When the hard tissue model part is made of ABS resin, it is not thermally deformed up to 90 ° C., so that the solidification of the liquid resin can be accelerated by heating. For this reason, commercially available silicone resins that are slowly solidified at room temperature can also be preferably used in the present invention by heating.
粉末焼結式積層法や粉末固着式積層法で用いる材料は、２００℃以上の加熱に耐えるので、これらの材料で硬質模型部を作製した場合は、１５０℃〜１８０℃に加熱する天然ゴムや合成ゴムの射出成型によって、軟組織模型部を作製することができる。ただし、通常の歯科印象は耐熱性がないので、凹型の印象を一旦、凸型印象に反転し、これを高耐熱性の凹型に印象に反転して用いなければならない。高耐熱性の凹型印象の材料として、石膏が適する。 The materials used in the powder sintering type lamination method and the powder fixing type lamination method can withstand heating at 200 ° C. or higher. Therefore, when a hard model part is produced with these materials, natural rubber heated to 150 ° C. to 180 ° C. A soft tissue model part can be produced by injection molding of synthetic rubber. However, since a normal dental impression does not have heat resistance, it is necessary to reverse a concave impression to a convex impression, and then reverse it to a high heat resistant concave mold. Gypsum is suitable as a material for concave impression with high heat resistance.
本発明による口腔模型作製の一実施形態を図２及び図３を用いて説明する。図２は、本実施形態で使用する上顎印象１２の平面図である。上顎印象１２には、液状樹脂注入孔１３と空気排出孔１４が穿孔されている。印象と硬組織模型部に囲まれた空間に、液状樹脂を加圧注入して隅々まで行き亘らせるために、空気排出孔１４を設けることが好ましい。液状樹脂注入孔１３と空気排出孔１４の穿孔位置及び個数は、死角が生じないように、液状樹脂の流れを考えて適宜決定することができる。一般的には、空気排出孔１４を液状樹脂注入孔１３から遠い所、印象と硬組織模型部に囲まれた隙間の狭い所に置くほうが、死角が生じ難い。上顎から抜けた歯がない場合は、歯によって***側と口蓋側に分離されるため、***側と口蓋側の両方に、空気排出孔１４を穿孔することが好ましい。空気排出孔１４はできるだけ、歯頸部に近づけた方が、軟組織部模型の細部再現性はよい。 One embodiment of oral model preparation according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the upper jaw impression 12 used in the present embodiment. The upper jaw impression 12 is provided with a liquid resin injection hole 13 and an air discharge hole 14. An air discharge hole 14 is preferably provided in a space surrounded by the impression and the hard tissue model portion in order to pressurize and inject liquid resin to every corner. The perforation positions and the number of the liquid resin injection holes 13 and the air discharge holes 14 can be appropriately determined in consideration of the flow of the liquid resin so as not to cause blind spots. In general, if the air discharge hole 14 is located far from the liquid resin injection hole 13 and in a narrow space surrounded by the impression and the hard tissue model portion, a blind spot is less likely to occur. When there is no tooth that has fallen out of the upper jaw, the air is separated into the lip side and the palate side by the tooth, so it is preferable to punch the air discharge holes 14 on both the lip side and the palate side. When the air discharge hole 14 is as close to the tooth neck as possible, the fine reproducibility of the soft tissue model is better.
図３は、本発明による軟組織模型部の作製工程の一実施形態を示す断面図である。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a process for producing a soft tissue model portion according to the present invention.
同図（ａ）に示すように、液状樹脂注入孔１３と空気排出孔１４を形成した印象１２と、前述した方法で作製した硬組織模型部２１とを用意する。 As shown in FIG. 2A, an impression 12 in which a liquid resin injection hole 13 and an air discharge hole 14 are formed, and a hard tissue model portion 21 produced by the method described above are prepared.
同図（ｂ）に示すように、硬組織模型部２１を印象１２の凹部に嵌め込む。印象１２と硬組織模型部２１に囲まれた空間が、人体の歯肉及び口蓋粘膜からなる軟組織に相当する。 As shown in FIG. 2B, the hard tissue model portion 21 is fitted into the recess of the impression 12. A space surrounded by the impression 12 and the hard tissue model portion 21 corresponds to a soft tissue composed of human gingiva and palatal mucosa.
同図（ｃ）に示すように、印象１２と硬組織模型部２１との外周の隙間をシール１５によって塞ぎ、印象１２及び硬組織模型部２１に囲まれた空間を形成する。シール１５は、液状樹脂注入孔１３から加圧した時に、硬組織模型部２１の外周の隙間から液状樹脂が漏れることを防ぐ。シール１５の材料として、弾性を有する歯科印象材、例えば、縮合重合型シリコーン樹脂印象材、付加重合型シリコーン樹脂印象材、ポリサルファイド樹脂印象材を用いることができる。 As shown in FIG. 2C, the outer peripheral gap between the impression 12 and the hard tissue model portion 21 is closed with a seal 15 to form a space surrounded by the impression 12 and the hard tissue model portion 21. The seal 15 prevents the liquid resin from leaking from the outer periphery of the hard tissue model portion 21 when pressurized from the liquid resin injection hole 13. As the material of the seal 15, an elastic dental impression material, for example, a condensation polymerization type silicone resin impression material, an addition polymerization type silicone resin impression material, or a polysulfide resin impression material can be used.
同図（ｄ）に示すように、注射器１６を用いて液状樹脂３０を加圧し、液状樹脂注入孔１３から液状樹脂３０を流し込む。印象１２と硬組織模型部２１に囲まれた空間をシール材１５で密閉しているので、液状樹脂３０は、内部の空気を空気穴１４から排出させつつ、上記空間の隅々まで流動する。その結果、内部空間には、気泡を残さず、液状樹脂３０が完全に充填されて、軟組織模型部３１が形成される。 As shown in FIG. 4D, the liquid resin 30 is pressurized using the syringe 16, and the liquid resin 30 is poured from the liquid resin injection hole 13. Since the space surrounded by the impression 12 and the hard tissue model portion 21 is sealed with the sealing material 15, the liquid resin 30 flows to every corner of the space while discharging the air from the air holes 14. As a result, the soft resin model portion 31 is formed by completely filling the liquid resin 30 without leaving bubbles in the internal space.
同図（ｅ）に示すように、液状樹脂３０が固化した後、硬組織模型部２１と軟組織模型部３１から、印象１２を取り外す。こうして取り出した模型は、硬組織模型部２１の外周に軟組織模型部３１が付着しており、樹脂注入孔１３や空気排出口１４で液状樹脂３０が固化したバリ３２が形成されている。バリ３２及びシール１５は、不要なのでトリミングし、口腔模型から除く。 As shown in FIG. 3E, after the liquid resin 30 is solidified, the impression 12 is removed from the hard tissue model portion 21 and the soft tissue model portion 31. The model taken out in this manner has a soft tissue model portion 31 attached to the outer periphery of the hard tissue model portion 21, and a burr 32 in which the liquid resin 30 is solidified at the resin injection hole 13 and the air discharge port 14 is formed. Since the burr 32 and the seal 15 are unnecessary, they are trimmed and removed from the oral model.
同図（ｆ）に示すように、硬組織模型部２１と軟組織模型部３１からなる口腔模型が完成する。 As shown in FIG. 2F, the oral model composed of the hard tissue model portion 21 and the soft tissue model portion 31 is completed.
液状樹脂注入孔１３や空気穴１４の位置は適宜変更することができる。図４には、***側正中の上方部のシール材及び口蓋側後方のシール材に液状樹脂注入孔１３を設け、***側で注入孔から遠い最後大臼歯部の遠心歯頸部付近及び口蓋側で注入孔から遠い最後大臼歯部の歯頸部付近２１に空気排出口１４を設けた別の実施例が示されている。 The positions of the liquid resin injection hole 13 and the air hole 14 can be changed as appropriate. In FIG. 4, a liquid resin injection hole 13 is provided in the upper sealing material on the lip side midline and the sealing material on the rear side of the palate side, and the distal molar side of the last molar portion near the distal side of the lip side and the palate side Another embodiment is shown in which an air outlet 14 is provided near the cervical region 21 of the last molar portion far from the injection hole.
本発明による口腔模型作製の他の実施形態を図５及び図６を用いて説明する。 Another embodiment of producing an oral model according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
図５は、本実施形態で使用する上顎印象１２の平面図である。上顎印象１２には、空気排出孔１４だけが穿孔されている。 FIG. 5 is a plan view of the upper jaw impression 12 used in the present embodiment. Only the air exhaust hole 14 is perforated in the upper jaw impression 12.
図６（ａ）に示すように、液状樹脂３０を載せた印象１２と、硬組織模型部２１とを用意する。 As shown in FIG. 6A, an impression 12 on which a liquid resin 30 is placed and a hard tissue model portion 21 are prepared.
この状態で、同図（ｂ）に示すように、硬組織模型部２１を印象１２の凹部に嵌め込む。その結果、印象１２と硬組織模型部２１に挟まれた隙間は、液状樹脂３０によって埋め尽くされ、余分な液状樹脂３０は、空気排出口１４を通って外に排出される。液状樹脂３０が固化することにより、軟組織模型部３１が形成される。 In this state, the hard tissue model portion 21 is fitted into the recess of the impression 12 as shown in FIG. As a result, the gap between the impression 12 and the hard tissue model portion 21 is filled with the liquid resin 30, and the excess liquid resin 30 is discharged outside through the air discharge port 14. When the liquid resin 30 is solidified, the soft tissue model portion 31 is formed.
同図（ｃ）に示すように、液状樹脂３０が固化した後、硬組織模型部２１と軟組織模型部３１から、印象１２を取り外す。軟組織模型部３１には、空気排出口１４で液状樹脂３０が固化し、バリ３２が形成されている。バリ３２は、不要なのでトリミングし、口腔模型から除くことができる。 As shown in FIG. 2C, after the liquid resin 30 is solidified, the impression 12 is removed from the hard tissue model portion 21 and the soft tissue model portion 31. In the soft tissue model portion 31, the liquid resin 30 is solidified at the air discharge port 14 and a burr 32 is formed. Since the burr 32 is unnecessary, it can be trimmed and removed from the oral model.
同図（ｄ）に示すように、硬組織模型部２１と軟組織模型部３１からなる口腔模型が完成する。 As shown in FIG. 4D, the oral model composed of the hard tissue model portion 21 and the soft tissue model portion 31 is completed.
なお、上記は、上顎模型の作製を例として説明したが、下顎模型についても同じ方法で作製することができる。 In the above description, the preparation of the upper jaw model has been described as an example, but the lower jaw model can also be manufactured by the same method.
［実施例１］
図２，３に示した方法により、硬組織模型部２１がＡＢＳ樹脂、軟組織模型部３１がシリコーン樹脂からなる口腔模型を作製した。まず、歯科用ＣＴ装置（日本メディカルマテリアル社製ＰｒｅＶｉｓｔａ Ｆｌｅｘ ３Ｄ）を用いて患者の上顎を断層撮影し、歯及び上顎骨の形状データを取得した。次に、該形状データをＳＴＬ形式に変換し、３Ｄプリンター（Ｓｔｒａｔａｓｙｓ社製 ｕＰｒｉｎｔ ＳＥ Ｐｌｕｓ）に転送して、熱溶解積層法により、硬組織模型部２１を作製した。積層材料にＡＢＳ樹脂（Ｓｔｒａｔａｓｙｓ社製 ＡＢＳｐｌｕｓ）を用いた。
[Example 1]
2 and 3, an oral model in which the hard tissue model portion 21 was made of ABS resin and the soft tissue model portion 31 was made of silicone resin was produced. First, the patient's upper jaw was tomographed using a dental CT device (PreVista Flex 3D manufactured by Nippon Medical Materials Co., Ltd.), and shape data of teeth and maxilla were obtained. Next, the shape data was converted into the STL format, transferred to a 3D printer (uPrint SE Plus manufactured by Stratasys), and the hard tissue model part 21 was produced by a hot melt lamination method. An ABS resin (ABSplus manufactured by Stratasys) was used as the laminated material.
次に、患者の口腔内の歯頸部などの入り組んだ場所に、注射器を使って低粘度のシリコーン樹脂印象材（Ｋｅｔｔｅｎｂａｃｈ社製Ｐａｎａｓｉｌ ｉｎｉｔｉａｌ ｃｏｎｔａｃｔ）を流し込み、次いでトレーに盛った高粘度のシリコーン樹脂印象材（Ｋｅｔｔｅｎｂａｃｈ社製Ｐａｎａｓｉｌ ｔｒａｙ）を押し付け、口腔内で４分間、保持して固化させ、上顎印象１２を得た。 Next, a low-viscosity silicone resin impression material (Panasil initial contact manufactured by Kettenbach) is poured into an intricate place such as a tooth neck in the patient's oral cavity, and then a high-viscosity silicone resin on a tray An impression material (Panasil tray manufactured by Kettenbach) was pressed and held in the oral cavity for 4 minutes to solidify, and an upper jaw impression 12 was obtained.
続いて、歯科用ドリルを用いて、上顎印象１２に、樹脂注入孔１３と空気排出口１４を穿孔した。樹脂注入孔１３の位置は、口蓋正中の後方部および***側正中の上方部とした。また、空気排出口１４の位置は、口蓋側で注入孔から遠い正中前方部及び***側で注入孔から遠い最後大臼歯部の遠心部歯頸部付近とした。 Subsequently, a resin injection hole 13 and an air discharge port 14 were drilled in the upper jaw impression 12 using a dental drill. The position of the resin injection hole 13 was the rear part in the middle of the palate and the upper part in the middle of the lip side. The position of the air outlet 14 was set at the front part of the midline far from the injection hole on the palate side and the distal part of the distal part of the last molar portion far from the injection hole on the lip side.
次に、上記硬組織模型部２１及び上記印象１２の内側に剥離剤（ＤＥＴＡＸ社製Ｅｓｔｈｅｔｉｃ Ｍａｓｋ付属 Ｓｅｐａｒａｔｉｎｇ Ａｇｅｎｔ）を塗布し、次いで上記硬組織模型部２１を上記印象１２に嵌め込み、印象１２と硬組織模型部２１との外周に沿って開口した隙間を、シール材（Ｋｅｔｔｅｎｂａｃｈ社製Ｐuｔｔｙ）１５で覆い、常温で、４分間保持してシール材を固化させ、印象１２と硬組織模型部２１との外周の隙間をシールした。 Next, a release agent (Separating Agent attached to Esthetic Mask manufactured by DETAX) is applied to the inside of the hard tissue model portion 21 and the impression 12, and then the hard tissue model portion 21 is fitted into the impression 12, The gap opened along the outer periphery of the tissue model part 21 is covered with a sealing material (Putty made by Ketttenbach) 15 and held at room temperature for 4 minutes to solidify the sealing material, and the impression 12 and the hard tissue model part 21 The outer peripheral gap was sealed.
次に、液状樹脂（ＤＥＴＡＸ社製Ｅｓｔｈｅｔｉｃ Ｍａｓｋ）３０を注射器１６に取り、圧力を加えて、樹脂注入孔１３から注入した。印象１２と硬組織模型部２１との隙間が液状樹脂３０によって埋め尽くされるように、空気排出口１４から液状樹脂がはみ出しても、樹脂注入を続け、排出される樹脂の中に気泡がなくなるまで、注入を繰り返した。この後、前記口腔模型を２３℃で、１０分間保持して、前記液状樹脂３０を固化させ、軟質組織模型部３１を形成した。 Next, a liquid resin (Esthetic Mask manufactured by DETAX) 30 was taken into the syringe 16, pressure was applied, and the resin was injected from the resin injection hole 13. Even if the liquid resin protrudes from the air discharge port 14 so that the gap between the impression 12 and the hard tissue model portion 21 is filled with the liquid resin 30, the resin injection is continued until there are no bubbles in the discharged resin. The injection was repeated. Then, the said oral cavity model was hold | maintained for 10 minutes at 23 degreeC, the said liquid resin 30 was solidified, and the soft tissue model part 31 was formed.
こうして得られた口腔模型から、前記シール材１５と、はみ出した樹脂の固化物を除去し、印象１２を取り外した。そして、バリ３２をトリミングし、口腔模型を完成させた。 From the oral model thus obtained, the sealing material 15 and the solidified resin that protruded were removed, and the impression 12 was removed. Then, the burr 32 was trimmed to complete the oral model.
硬組織模型部として用いたＡＢＳ樹脂は、耐熱性が９６℃で、引張強さは３７ＭＰａ，曲げ強さは５３ＭＰaと高強度であるため、ドリル加工することが可能である。そこで、この口腔模型を、歯科インプラントのステント作製の台として用いた。ステント作製において、ドリルで穿孔した時に不都合がないことを、軟組織部をめくって確認することができた。
［実施例２］
硬組織模型部がＡＢＳ樹脂、軟組織模型部がシリコーン樹脂からなる口腔模型を、実施例１とは別の方法で作製した。ただし、患者の上顎の硬組織模型部２１及び印象１２の作製工程は実施例１と同様に実施した。歯科用ドリルで空気排出口１４を穿孔した。空気排出口の位置は歯頸部とした。次に、歯科トレーに載せた前記印象の凹部に液状樹脂（ＤＥＴＡＸ社製Ｅｓｔｈｅｔｉｃ Ｍａｓｋ）３０を充填した後、上記硬組織模型部２１を上記印象に嵌め込んだ。硬組織模型部２１と印象１２に囲まれた隙間に入りきらなかった樹脂は、硬組織模型部の外周の隙間、および、空気排出口１４からはみ出してくるので、これを不織布で拭った。この後、前記模型を２３℃で、１０分間保持して、前記液状樹脂３０を固化さ軟質組織模型部３１を形成した。樹脂が固化した後、口腔模型から、印象１２を取り外し、バリ３２をトリミングし、口腔模型を完成させた。
The ABS resin used as the hard tissue model part has a heat resistance of 96 ° C., a tensile strength of 37 MPa, and a bending strength of 53 MPa, so that it can be drilled. Therefore, this oral model was used as a platform for preparing a dental implant stent. In producing the stent, it was confirmed by turning the soft tissue portion that there was no inconvenience when drilling with a drill.
[Example 2]
An oral model in which the hard tissue model part is made of ABS resin and the soft tissue model part is made of silicone resin was produced by a method different from Example 1. However, the manufacturing process of the hard tissue model part 21 and the impression 12 on the upper jaw of the patient was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The air outlet 14 was drilled with a dental drill. The position of the air outlet was the tooth neck. Next, after filling the concave portion of the impression placed on the dental tray with a liquid resin (Esthetic Mask manufactured by DETAX) 30, the hard tissue model portion 21 was fitted into the impression. Resin that did not fit into the space surrounded by the hard tissue model portion 21 and the impression 12 protrudes from the outer peripheral space of the hard tissue model portion and the air discharge port 14, and was wiped with a nonwoven fabric. Thereafter, the model was held at 23 ° C. for 10 minutes to solidify the liquid resin 30 to form a soft tissue model part 31. After the resin solidified, the impression 12 was removed from the oral model, and the burr 32 was trimmed to complete the oral model.
１：歯
２：上顎骨
３：口蓋骨
４：歯肉
５：口蓋粘膜
６：***
１０：印象トレー
１１：印象材
１２：印象
１３：液状樹脂注入口
１４：空気排出口
１５：シール
１６：注射器
２１：硬組織模型部
３０：液状樹脂
３１：軟組織模型部
３２：バリ
1: Tooth 2: Maxilla 3: Palatine 4: Gingiva 5: Palatal mucosa 6: Lip 10: Impression tray 11: Impression material 12: Impression 13: Liquid resin inlet 14: Air outlet 15: Seal 16: Syringe 21 : Hard tissue model part 30: Liquid resin 31: Soft tissue model part 32: Burr
Claims (6)
The method of manufacturing an oral model according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a trimming step of trimming the resin material protruding from the concave portion of the impression after the removing step.
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| JP2017221422A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2017-12-21 | 榮川 鄭 | Production method of subperiosteal implant body |
| CN105976686A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-09-28 | 日进教学器材(昆山)有限公司 | Oral medicine practice model formed through encapsulation injection molding and method thereof |
| CN105957433B (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2019-03-26 | 日进教学器材(昆山)有限公司 | Lower jaw oral cavity model and injection moulding method with mandible incisor |
| CN106205321A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 日进教学器材(昆山)有限公司 | The bone model of foam injection molding and method |
| CN111296924A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2020-06-19 | 北京大学口腔医学院 | 3D printing manufacturing method of high-ventilation anti-virus anti-haze closed mask |
| CN113506501B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2022-09-20 | 中国检验检疫科学研究院 | Flexible oral cavity inner membrane bionic construct and manufacturing mold and pouring method thereof |
| CN114714625B (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-11-21 | 兰州大学 | Method for manufacturing personalized root canal filling material by using 3D printing mode |
| KR102672700B1 (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2024-06-07 | 오스템임플란트 주식회사 | Method, device and recording medium for displaying an oral modeling image USED TO CREATE INSERT |
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| JPH0746948Y2 (en) * | 1991-01-16 | 1995-10-25 | 有限会社工房エフエフ | Negative type for edentulous wax bank |
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