JP6349535B2 - Exhaust gas purification device with exhaust gas temperature raising device - Google Patents

Exhaust gas purification device with exhaust gas temperature raising device Download PDF

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JP6349535B2
JP6349535B2 JP2014024548A JP2014024548A JP6349535B2 JP 6349535 B2 JP6349535 B2 JP 6349535B2 JP 2014024548 A JP2014024548 A JP 2014024548A JP 2014024548 A JP2014024548 A JP 2014024548A JP 6349535 B2 JP6349535 B2 JP 6349535B2
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exhaust gas
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嘉博 内山
嘉博 内山
斎藤 正樹
正樹 斎藤
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ACR Co Ltd
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この発明は,例えば,ディーゼルエンジン等のエンジン,ボイラーや焼却炉等の燃焼装置から排出される排気ガスに含有される煤,SOF,CO,HC,NOX 等の有害物質を捕集フィルタの上流側に燃焼器を設け,排気ガスを昇温させて有害物質を焼却したり,酸化・還元反応によって消失させる排気ガス昇温装置を備えた排気ガス浄化装置に関する。 The present invention, for example, soot contained in exhaust gas discharged diesel engine of the engine, the combustion apparatus such as boilers and incinerators, SOF, CO, HC, upstream of the collection filter the harmful substances such as NO X The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification apparatus provided with an exhaust gas temperature raising device that is provided with a combustor and incinerates harmful substances by raising the temperature of exhaust gas or that disappears by oxidation / reduction reactions.

従来,ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス中の有害成分であるPM捕集のために用いられるディーゼルパティキュレートフイルタ(DPF)は,ディーゼルエンジンの運転時間に伴い捕集された粒子状物質(PM)によりフィルタが目詰まりし圧力損失の上昇により出力の低下,燃費の悪化等不経済となり,目詰まりが進行するディーゼルエンジンの運転自体も不可能となる状況であった。従来の排気ガス浄化装置には,粒子状物質や有害物質を消失させるためフィルタに触媒が担持されているが,触媒は低温では有効に活性化しない。そこで,従来の排気ガス浄化装置では,触媒を活性化するため,排気ガスの温度を昇温する排気ガス昇温装置が設けられている。例えば,図6に示すように,排気ガス昇温装置としての燃焼器39が排気ガス浄化装置の上流側に設けられている。燃焼器39は,軽油等の燃料を排気ガスG中に噴霧する燃料ノズル22及び着火源となるグロープラグ23が排気ガス通路21に配設されている。燃料ノズル22から霧状に排気ガスG中に噴霧された燃料は,グロープラグ23によって着火燃焼されて排気ガスGの温度を上昇させる。この時,排気ガスGを用いて燃料を燃焼させる場合に,排気ガスG中の残存酸素量が少ない可能性が高く,燃料を効率よく燃焼させるためには,火炎の状態に応じて断続的に酸素を供給する必要がある。しかしながら,排気ガスGの流量が極めて高流量である場合,目標温度が高温である場合,供給する燃料が多い場合には,排気ガスGによる冷却作用で燃焼を維持することが難しい状態になる。一般的な対策としては,図7に示すように,燃焼器40には,燃焼促進用の再混合板24や火炎を守るための防炎管25などの設置が必要となっていた。   Conventionally, a diesel particulate filter (DPF) used for collecting PM, which is a harmful component in exhaust gas of a diesel engine, is filtered by particulate matter (PM) collected during the operation time of the diesel engine. Clogging caused an increase in pressure loss, resulting in uneconomical factors such as a decrease in output and a deterioration in fuel consumption, and it was impossible to operate the diesel engine itself where clogging progressed. In a conventional exhaust gas purification device, a catalyst is supported on a filter in order to eliminate particulate matter and harmful substances, but the catalyst is not activated effectively at low temperatures. Therefore, in the conventional exhaust gas purification device, an exhaust gas temperature raising device for raising the temperature of the exhaust gas is provided in order to activate the catalyst. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a combustor 39 as an exhaust gas temperature raising device is provided on the upstream side of the exhaust gas purification device. In the combustor 39, a fuel nozzle 22 that sprays fuel such as light oil into the exhaust gas G and a glow plug 23 that serves as an ignition source are disposed in the exhaust gas passage 21. The fuel sprayed into the exhaust gas G in a mist form from the fuel nozzle 22 is ignited and combusted by the glow plug 23 to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas G. At this time, when the fuel is burned using the exhaust gas G, there is a high possibility that the amount of residual oxygen in the exhaust gas G is small, and in order to burn the fuel efficiently, intermittently according to the state of the flame. It is necessary to supply oxygen. However, when the flow rate of the exhaust gas G is extremely high, when the target temperature is high, or when a large amount of fuel is supplied, it becomes difficult to maintain combustion by the cooling action of the exhaust gas G. As a general countermeasure, as shown in FIG. 7, the combustor 40 has to be provided with a remixing plate 24 for promoting combustion, a flameproof tube 25 for protecting the flame, and the like.

また,エンジンの排気ガス浄化装置として,排気ガス中のNOX 除去用リーンNOX 触媒を備え,追加燃料を噴射することで触媒を昇温させるシステムにおいて適正な燃料を排気系に供給して短時間で触媒を再生するものが知られている。該排気ガス浄化装置は,排気通路に設置されたリーンNOX 触媒と,燃焼室内での燃焼後の余剰酸素の量を推定する余剰酸素量推定手段と,推定された余剰酸素量で完全燃焼する燃料量を算出する燃料量算出手段と,リーンNOX 触媒を加熱すべきか判定する加熱判定手段と,加熱すべきときに燃料量算出手段で算出された量の燃料を触媒の上流側に供給して燃焼させる燃料供給手段と,供給燃料による燃焼熱を排気ガス中の空燃比に基づいて算出して触媒の温度状態を推定する触媒温度推定手段と,推定触媒温度が所定温度以上の状態の積算時間が予め設定された時間を越えたら燃料供給手段による燃料の供給を停止する完了判定手段とを備えたものである(例えば,特許文献1参照)。 Further, as the exhaust gas purifying device for an engine, comprising a lean NO X catalyst for NO X removal in the exhaust gas, by supplying the proper fuel to the exhaust system in a system for raising the temperature of the catalyst by injecting the additional fuel short Those that regenerate the catalyst over time are known. Exhaust gas purification apparatus includes a lean NO X catalyst disposed in an exhaust passage, and the excess oxygen amount estimating means for estimating the amount of excess oxygen after combustion in the combustion chamber is completely combusted in excess oxygen amount estimated a fuel amount calculating means for calculating a fuel amount, and determines the heating determining means should be heated lean NO X catalyst, the amount of fuel calculated by the fuel amount calculating means when be heated is supplied to the upstream side of the catalyst Fuel supply means for burning the fuel, catalyst temperature estimation means for estimating the temperature state of the catalyst by calculating the combustion heat from the supplied fuel based on the air-fuel ratio in the exhaust gas, and integrating the estimated catalyst temperature over a predetermined temperature Completion determination means for stopping the supply of fuel by the fuel supply means when the time exceeds a preset time (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

また,排気ガス浄化システムとして,エンジン始動後,脱硫処理,PM再生処理の際に排気通路に二次空気を供給して排気ガス浄化装置の触媒を昇温するものが知られている。該排気ガス浄化システムは,内燃機関の排気通路の排気ガス浄化装置に過給器のコンプレッサで昇圧されない空気と昇圧された空気とをリード弁を介して選択的に排気通路に供給するように構成し,エンジン始動時には,昇圧されない空気を排気圧の脈動に応じて間欠的に排気ガス浄化装置に供給して触媒での燃料の酸化反応を促進し,脱硫処理又はPM再生処理の際には,昇圧された空気を十分な流量で排気ガス浄化装置に供給し,多量の燃料を酸化して昇温時間を短縮するものである(例えば,特許文献2参照)。   Further, as an exhaust gas purification system, there is known an exhaust gas purification system in which secondary air is supplied to an exhaust passage to increase the temperature of a catalyst of an exhaust gas purification device during desulfurization processing and PM regeneration processing after engine startup. The exhaust gas purification system is configured to selectively supply air that has not been pressurized by the compressor of the supercharger and air that has been pressurized to the exhaust gas passage via a reed valve to an exhaust gas purification device in the exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine. When starting the engine, air that has not been pressurized is intermittently supplied to the exhaust gas purifier according to the pulsation of the exhaust pressure to promote the oxidation reaction of the fuel in the catalyst. During desulfurization or PM regeneration, The pressurized air is supplied to the exhaust gas purification device at a sufficient flow rate, and a large amount of fuel is oxidized to shorten the temperature rising time (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

また,排気ガス浄化装置として,排気通路に接続される主排気通路と分岐排気通路を設けたものが知られている。該排気ガス浄化装置は,排気入口に排気ガスを遮断可能な遮断弁を設け,主排気通路内に空気過剰雰囲気で窒素酸化物を一時的に吸着し,吸着した窒素酸化物を昇温又は還元雰囲気で脱離する窒素酸化物吸着剤と,窒素酸化物吸着剤より排気上流側に配置され,空気ノズルから供給される空気を昇温又は還元雰囲気にする吸着物質脱離手段と,窒素酸化物吸着剤より排気下流側に配置され,空気ノズル,燃料ノズル及び着火ノズルから構成される燃焼装置とを備えており,分岐排気通路の排気出口からは機関側排気通路からの排気ガスがそのまま排出されるものである(例えば,特許文献3参照)。   As an exhaust gas purifying device, one having a main exhaust passage connected to an exhaust passage and a branch exhaust passage is known. The exhaust gas purification device is provided with a shut-off valve capable of shutting off exhaust gas at the exhaust inlet, temporarily adsorbs nitrogen oxides in an excess air atmosphere in the main exhaust passage, and raises or reduces the adsorbed nitrogen oxides A nitrogen oxide adsorbent that desorbs in an atmosphere, an adsorbent desorption means that is disposed upstream of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent and that makes the air supplied from the air nozzle a temperature rising or reducing atmosphere, and a nitrogen oxide It is arranged on the exhaust downstream side of the adsorbent and has a combustion device composed of an air nozzle, a fuel nozzle and an ignition nozzle. The exhaust gas from the engine side exhaust passage is directly discharged from the exhaust outlet of the branch exhaust passage. (See, for example, Patent Document 3).

特開平9−287436号公報JP-A-9-287436 特開2010−196569号公報JP 2010-196569 A 特開2009−185763号公報JP 2009-185663 A

一般に,排気ガス浄化装置におけるフィルタで捕集されたPMの基本成分は,カーボンや煤でなる可燃物であることから,DPF自体を加熱し,フィルタを再生する方法が用いられている。粒子状物質の有害物質の加熱方法として,電気ヒータ,バーナ等の加熱器による方法,触媒反応による方法が検討されている。電気ヒータによる方法は.フィルタや排気ガスを電気加熱するための大電力が必要であり,装置そのものが大型化するという問題がある。また,車両を想定した場合には,排気ガス浄化装置は電力を必要とするため,電力源を設置する必要がある。また,触媒反応による方法は,特に,ディーゼルエンジンに用いる燃料成分により触媒の中には使用が不可能なものがあったり,車両等の運行状態によっては触媒反応可能な温度条件を得られない場合があると考えられる。また,PM以外の有害成分を除去するためにも触媒が用いられるが,排気ガスの十分な温度を得られないまま運用を行なった場合に,触媒への付着物の影響等,触媒の有効性が維持されない可能性がある。更に,バーナを用いる方法では,排気ガスに含まれる残存酸素は,エンジンの運転状態により変化するため,外部から燃焼用に大気を圧送するポンプを必要とするなど,装置そのものが大型化するという問題がある。また,排気ガス浄化装置において,例えば,ディーゼルエンジンに対して軽油を燃料とする燃焼器を用いる場合に,エンジンから排出される排気ガスは,車両の運行状況によって排気ガスの流量変化や昇温温度が著しく変化することが考えられる。また,既存のオイルバーナの構造では,失火や燃焼不良温度に偏り等,さまざまな問題が生じる。   In general, since the basic component of PM collected by a filter in an exhaust gas purification apparatus is a combustible material made of carbon or soot, a method of heating the DPF itself and regenerating the filter is used. As a method for heating particulate harmful substances, a method using an electric heater, a heater such as a burner, or a method using a catalytic reaction has been studied. How to use an electric heater? There is a problem that large electric power is required to electrically heat the filter and exhaust gas, and the apparatus itself becomes large. In addition, when assuming a vehicle, the exhaust gas purifying device requires electric power, so it is necessary to install a power source. In addition, the catalytic reaction method is particularly effective when some of the catalysts cannot be used due to the fuel components used in diesel engines, or the temperature conditions under which the catalytic reaction cannot be achieved depending on the operating conditions of the vehicle. It is thought that there is. Catalysts are also used to remove harmful components other than PM, but the effectiveness of the catalyst, such as the effects of deposits on the catalyst, when operating without sufficient exhaust gas temperature, is also possible. May not be maintained. Furthermore, in the method using a burner, the residual oxygen contained in the exhaust gas changes depending on the operating state of the engine, so that the apparatus itself becomes large, such as requiring a pump that pumps the atmosphere for combustion from the outside. There is. In addition, in an exhaust gas purification device, for example, when using a combustor that uses light oil as a fuel for a diesel engine, the exhaust gas discharged from the engine is subject to changes in exhaust gas flow rate and temperature rise depending on the operation status of the vehicle. Is considered to change significantly. In addition, the existing oil burner structure has various problems such as misfires and bias to poor combustion temperatures.

上記排気ガス浄化装置は,上記の問題を解決するため,燃焼器への排気ガス流量の規制や,安定した燃焼のために大気を導入するブロア等を用いる必要がある。そのため,排気ガス浄化装置が大型化し,車両への搭載性やコストの面から問題がある。排気ガス浄化装置の大型化を防ぐため,排気ガスに含まれる残存酸素を用いて燃焼させる構造が必要とされる。また,図7に示す燃焼器40は,排気ガス通路21に供給した燃料を完全燃焼させることができず問題があった。そこで,排気ガスの温度を昇温するための燃焼器を,排気ガス浄化装置に適応して,燃焼器における部品の配置を見直すことで,燃焼器の簡略化とコスト低減を行なうことが考えられる。燃焼器は,燃焼管構造を改善し,燃料を排気ガスと効率的に混合することによって燃焼の安定性と温度を制御可能とすることが求められる。また,燃焼器は,排気ガスの流量変化に対応可能で,且つ単純な形状で小形化することによって,装置のコストを低減し,さまざまな車両への搭載性を向上させることが考えられる。更に,燃焼器は,排気ガス中の残存酸素を用いて燃料を燃焼し,排気ガス温度を所定の温度まで昇温するための手段として,対象となる系統が1系統であっても,ディーゼルエンジンを停止することなく,昇温動作が可能でシステムがシンプル,コンパクト,安価で排気系への配置が容易な昇温システムを提供することが求められている。   In order to solve the above problems, the exhaust gas purification device needs to use a blower or the like that introduces the atmosphere for regulating the exhaust gas flow rate to the combustor or for stable combustion. As a result, the exhaust gas purifier becomes larger and there are problems in terms of mountability and cost in vehicles. In order to prevent the exhaust gas purification apparatus from becoming large, a structure for burning using residual oxygen contained in the exhaust gas is required. Further, the combustor 40 shown in FIG. 7 has a problem that the fuel supplied to the exhaust gas passage 21 cannot be completely burned. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the combustor and reduce the cost by adapting the combustor for raising the temperature of the exhaust gas to the exhaust gas purification device and reviewing the arrangement of parts in the combustor. . Combustors are required to be able to control combustion stability and temperature by improving the combustion tube structure and efficiently mixing fuel with exhaust gas. In addition, it is conceivable that the combustor can cope with a change in the flow rate of the exhaust gas, and by reducing the size of the combustor to a simple shape, the cost of the apparatus can be reduced and the mounting property to various vehicles can be improved. Further, the combustor uses a residual oxygen in the exhaust gas to burn the fuel, and as a means for raising the exhaust gas temperature to a predetermined temperature, even if the target system is one system, a diesel engine There is a need to provide a temperature rising system that can be operated without stopping the system, is simple, compact, inexpensive, and easy to place in the exhaust system.

この発明の目的は,上記の問題を解決することであり,ディーゼルエンジン等のエンジン,ボイラーや焼却炉等の燃焼装置から排気されるから排出される排気ガス中に含まれる煤,カーボン等の粒子状物質,及びCO,HC,NOX 等の有害物質をフイルタで捕集して加熱焼却,及び/又は酸化・還元反応させて消失させて有害物質を大気へ放出することを防止するため,フィルタで捕集した粒子状物質や有害物質を有効に焼却したり消失させるように,低負荷時に排気ガス温度が低下した時に排気ガス温度を昇温し,また,高負荷時には燃焼器を停止させ,フイルタの局部的な高温領域の発生を抑制し,排気ガスを予め決められた所定の温度範囲に昇温させる燃焼器を排気ガス浄化装置の上流側に設けたものであり,また,燃焼器に供給された余分な燃料が未燃焼のままで大気に排出されないように供給燃料を燃焼器で完全燃焼させるため,排気ガス温度状況に応じた適正な燃料流量を供給するように制御し,しかも,捕集された粒子状物質を均等に確実に加熱焼却してフィルタを短時間で再生することができる排気ガス昇温装置を備えた排気ガス浄化装置を提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and particles such as soot and carbon contained in exhaust gas discharged from an engine such as a diesel engine or a combustion apparatus such as a boiler or an incinerator. to prevent Jo material, and CO, HC, harmful substances collected to heat incineration in filter such as NO X, and / or hazardous substances by lost by oxidation and reduction reactions to release to the atmosphere, the filter The exhaust gas temperature is raised when the exhaust gas temperature is reduced at low load, and the combustor is stopped at high load, so that the particulate matter and harmful substances collected in A combustor that suppresses the occurrence of local high temperature regions of the filter and raises the exhaust gas to a predetermined temperature range provided upstream is provided on the upstream side of the exhaust gas purification device. Supplied In order to ensure that the supplied fuel is completely combusted in the combustor so that excess fuel remains unburned and is not discharged into the atmosphere, control is performed to supply an appropriate fuel flow rate according to the exhaust gas temperature, and the It is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas purification device equipped with an exhaust gas temperature raising device capable of regenerating a filter in a short time by heating and burning the particulate matter evenly and reliably.

この発明は,ディーゼルエンジン等のエンジン,ボイラーや焼却炉等の燃焼装置から排気される排気ガス中に含まれる煤カーボンの粒子状物質を捕集するフィルタの上流側の排気ガス通路に配設された燃焼器に燃料を供給して前記燃料を燃焼させて前記排気ガスを昇温させる排気ガス昇温装置を備えた排気ガス浄化装置において,
前記燃焼器は,一端に前記排気ガス流入する流入部を且つ他端に前記排気ガスが流出する出口を備えた前記排気ガス通路を形成する円筒ケース,前記円筒ケースに形成された前記排気ガス通路内で前記排気ガス中に配設された上流領域の端部が閉鎖され防炎部に形成され且つ中流領域から下流領域にわたって周囲に目標排気ガス流量及び目標昇温温度を達成可能な前記排気ガスを流入させる多数の通孔が形成され且つ前記円筒ケースの前記出口に嵌合し前記排気ガスが流出する流出部が形成された混合燃焼筒体,及び前記混合燃焼筒体内の前記上流領域の前記防炎部に配設された前記燃料を供給する燃料ノズルと前記燃料を着火させるグロープラグを備え,
前記燃料ノズルから前記混合燃焼筒体内の前記上流領域に噴射された前記燃料が前記グロープラグによって着火燃焼した火炎燃焼方向に対して,前記混合燃焼筒体内に前記通孔から直角に流入された前記排気ガスと混合した前記混合気が前記旋回流となって燃焼が促進され,前記排気ガスを昇温させて前記排気ガスを前記混合燃焼筒体の前記流出部から流出させて前記フィルタに送り込むことを特徴とする排気ガス昇温装置を備えた排気ガス浄化装置に関する。
The present invention, a diesel engine or the like of the engine, distribution on the upstream side exhaust gas passage of the filter for collecting particulate matter, soot and carbon emissions contained in the exhaust gas discharged from a combustion apparatus such as boilers and incinerators In an exhaust gas purifying apparatus comprising an exhaust gas temperature raising device for supplying fuel to an installed combustor and burning the fuel to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas,
The combustor cylindrical case forming the exhaust gas passage with an outlet, wherein the exhaust gas inlet portion and the other end to outflow the exhaust gas to one end flows, the exhaust gas formed in the cylindrical case An end of an upstream region disposed in the exhaust gas in the passage is formed in a closed flameproof portion and can achieve a target exhaust gas flow rate and a target temperature rise from the middle flow region to the downstream region. number of through holes are formed and the cylindrical the exhaust gas mixture combustion cylinder body outlet portion is formed to flow fitted to the outlet of the case for flowing the exhaust gases, and the upstream of said mixing combustion cylinder body e Bei a glow plug for igniting the fuel and fuel nozzle for supplying the fuel in which the disposed flameproof unit area,
The fuel injected from the fuel nozzle to the upstream region in the mixed combustion cylinder flows into the mixed combustion cylinder at right angles from the through hole with respect to a flame combustion direction ignited and burned by the glow plug. Combustion is promoted by the air-fuel mixture mixed with exhaust gas becoming the swirl flow, the exhaust gas is heated, and the exhaust gas flows out from the outflow portion of the mixed combustion cylinder and is sent to the filter The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device including an exhaust gas temperature raising device characterized by the following.

この排気ガス昇温装置は,前記燃焼器の前記上流側の前記排気ガス通路に設けられて前記排気ガスの温度を検出する入口温度センサと,前記燃焼器の下流側の前記排気ガス通路に設けられて前記排気ガスの温度を検出する出口温度センサとを備えており,コントローラは,前記燃焼器の入口側の排気ガス温度と出口側の排気ガス温度との温度差及び前記出口側の排気ガス温度に応答して,前記燃料ノズルから噴霧する前記燃料を予め決められた所定量の流量に制御するものである。   This exhaust gas temperature raising device is provided in the exhaust gas passage on the upstream side of the combustor and provided in the exhaust gas passage on the downstream side of the combustor, and an inlet temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas. And an outlet temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas, and the controller includes a temperature difference between an exhaust gas temperature on the inlet side of the combustor and an exhaust gas temperature on the outlet side, and an exhaust gas on the outlet side. In response to the temperature, the fuel sprayed from the fuel nozzle is controlled to a predetermined flow rate.

また,前記コントローラは,前記出口側の排気ガス温度が予め決められた所定の温度以下に応答して予め決められた所定量の燃料を前記燃料ノズルから前記混合燃焼筒体に噴霧して,前記混合気を着火燃焼させて前記排気ガスの温度を昇温させる制御をするものである。更に,前記コントローラは,前記排気ガスの温度が予め決められた所定の温度以上に応答して前記燃料ノズルからの前記燃料の噴霧を停止し,前記排気ガスの温度を予め決められた所定の温度範囲に維持する制御を行なうものである。   In addition, the controller sprays a predetermined amount of fuel from the fuel nozzle onto the mixed combustion cylinder in response to the exhaust gas temperature on the outlet side being equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. Control is performed to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas by igniting and burning the air-fuel mixture. Further, the controller stops spraying the fuel from the fuel nozzle in response to a temperature of the exhaust gas exceeding a predetermined temperature, and sets the temperature of the exhaust gas to a predetermined temperature. Control to maintain the range is performed.

この排気ガス昇温装置を備えた排気ガス浄化装置は,上記のように構成されているので,ディーゼルエンジン,ボイラー,焼却炉等の低負荷時の排気ガス温度が低い場合には,燃焼器に供給された燃料が排気ガスと良好に旋回流となって攪拌され,燃焼器に供給された燃料が完全燃焼されて排気ガス温度が昇温され,排気ガスが予め決められた所定の温度に維持され,後流に配設された排気ガス浄化装置のフィルタに,例えば,触媒が担持されている場合には,該触媒を活性化し,フィルタに捕集された粒子状物質が迅速に加熱燃焼されてフィルタが再生され,また,フィルタに触媒が担持されていなくても,該フィルタに捕集された粒子状物質やフィルタを通過する有害物質を排気ガスを昇温させることによって有効に焼却して除去することができる。しかも,燃焼器に供給された燃料が完全燃焼されてクリーンな排気ガスが外部に排出されるので大気を汚染することがない。また,この排気ガス浄化装置は,ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガスの残存酸素を燃焼し,排気ガス温度を昇温する燃焼器として,燃焼器構造を改良し,低コスト,低スペースで安定した燃焼を可能とするものであり,そのため,燃焼器内の混合燃焼筒体の構造を多孔で円筒構造とし,混合燃焼筒体内に多くの旋回流を発生させることで多段燃焼を可能にし,DPF等対象の系統が1系統であってもディーゼルエンジンを停止する必要がなく,燃焼器内での燃料の着火と燃焼状態を維持することが可能とされるため排気ガスの昇温が行なわれると共に,システムがシンプル,コンパクトであって,安価でエンジン排気系への配置が容易となり,燃料消費等のランニング費用が最小限であり,経済的で実用性の高い排気ガス温度の昇温システムを提供することができる。   Since the exhaust gas purifying apparatus equipped with this exhaust gas temperature raising device is configured as described above, if the exhaust gas temperature at low loads such as diesel engines, boilers, incinerators, etc. is low, The supplied fuel is well swirled with the exhaust gas, the fuel supplied to the combustor is completely combusted, the exhaust gas temperature is raised, and the exhaust gas is maintained at a predetermined temperature. If, for example, a catalyst is supported on the filter of the exhaust gas purification device disposed downstream, the catalyst is activated, and the particulate matter collected on the filter is quickly heated and burned. Even if the filter is regenerated and no catalyst is supported on the filter, particulate matter collected by the filter and harmful substances passing through the filter are effectively incinerated by raising the temperature of the exhaust gas. To remove Can. Moreover, since the fuel supplied to the combustor is completely burned and clean exhaust gas is discharged to the outside, the atmosphere is not polluted. In addition, this exhaust gas purifier improves the combustor structure as a combustor that burns residual oxygen in diesel engine exhaust gas and raises the exhaust gas temperature, enabling stable combustion in a low cost and low space Therefore, the structure of the mixed combustion cylinder in the combustor is a porous and cylindrical structure, and many swirl flows are generated in the mixed combustion cylinder, enabling multistage combustion, and the target system such as DPF. It is not necessary to stop the diesel engine even if there is only one system, and it is possible to maintain the ignition and combustion state of the fuel in the combustor, so that the temperature of the exhaust gas is raised and the system is simple It is compact, inexpensive, easy to arrange in the engine exhaust system, running costs such as fuel consumption are minimal, and provides an economical and practical exhaust gas temperature raising system. It can be.

この発明による排気ガス昇温装置を備えた排気ガス浄化装置の一実施例し,特に燃焼器の構成の概念を示すシステム図である。1 is a system diagram showing an example of the configuration of a combustor, in particular, an embodiment of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus equipped with an exhaust gas temperature raising device according to the present invention. 図1の排気ガス昇温装置である燃焼器の構成の一実施例を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows one Example of a structure of the combustor which is an exhaust gas temperature rising apparatus of FIG. 図2の燃焼器について,ディーゼルエンジンからの排気ガスと燃焼器に供給された燃料とのスワ−ルの発生原理を示す概念図である。FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a swirl generation principle of exhaust gas from a diesel engine and fuel supplied to the combustor in the combustor of FIG. 2. 図3の燃焼器の線A−Aにおけるスワ−ルの発生原理を示す概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram which shows the generation principle of the swirl in line AA of the combustor of FIG. この排気ガス浄化装置に設けた排気ガス昇温装置による排気ガス温度の燃焼状態を示す温度線図のグラフである。It is a graph of the temperature diagram which shows the combustion state of the exhaust gas temperature by the exhaust gas temperature rising apparatus provided in this exhaust gas purification apparatus. 一般的に用いられている燃焼器の基本的な構造の一例を示す概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of the basic structure of the combustor generally used. 一般的に用いられている燃焼器の基本的な構造の別の例を示す概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram which shows another example of the basic structure of the combustor generally used.

以下,図面を参照して,この発明による排気ガス昇温装置を備えた排気ガス浄化装置について説明する。図1に示すように,この発明による排気ガス浄化装置における排気ガス昇温装置は,ディーゼルエンジン等のエンジン,ボイラーや焼却炉等の燃焼装置から排出される排気ガスに含有される煤,SOF,CO,HC,NOX 等の有害物質を捕集フィルタに捕集し,該フィルタの上流側に設けた燃焼器1によって排気ガスを昇温させて有害物質を焼却したり,酸化・還元反応によって消失させるものであり,燃焼器1は,排気ガスGを昇温させる排気ガス通路17,18に設けた排気ガス浄化装置を構成するディーゼルパティキュレートフイルタ(DPF)7の上流側の排気ガス通路16,17に配設されている。この排気ガス浄化装置は,例えば,ディーゼルエンジン6から排出される排気ガス通路17,18に配設されたDPF7におけるフィルタ7Fによって捕集された煤,カーボン,スート等の粒子状物質(PM)を加熱焼却し,或いは,排気ガスG中に含まれるCO,HC,NOX 等の有害物質を酸化・還元反応によって消失除去させるものである。また,この排気ガス浄化装置は,例えば,フィルタ7に触媒が担持されている場合には,燃焼器1は該触媒に対して触媒反応の有効性を確保するため,排気ガスGの温度を適正温度(例えば,300℃〜400℃)に昇温させるために有効となり,また,フィルタ7に触媒が担持されていない場合でも,燃焼器1は排気ガス通路16に供給された燃料Fを燃焼させて排気ガスGの温度を適正温度(例えば,600℃程度以上)に昇温させて有害物質を有効に焼却させることができるものである。 Hereinafter, an exhaust gas purification apparatus equipped with an exhaust gas temperature raising apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust gas temperature raising device in the exhaust gas purification apparatus according to the present invention includes soot, SOF, and so on contained in exhaust gas discharged from an engine such as a diesel engine and a combustion apparatus such as a boiler and an incinerator. CO, HC, and collecting harmful substances collection filter such as NO X, or incineration of hazardous substances by the temperature of the exhaust gas by the burner 1 provided on the upstream side of the filter, the oxidation-reduction reaction The combustor 1 has an exhaust gas passage 16 on the upstream side of a diesel particulate filter (DPF) 7 constituting an exhaust gas purification device provided in the exhaust gas passages 17 and 18 for raising the temperature of the exhaust gas G. , 17. This exhaust gas purifying device, for example, collects particulate matter (PM) such as soot, carbon and soot collected by the filter 7F in the DPF 7 disposed in the exhaust gas passages 17 and 18 discharged from the diesel engine 6. Incineration by heating, or harmful substances such as CO, HC, NO x contained in the exhaust gas G are eliminated by oxidation / reduction reaction. Further, in this exhaust gas purifying apparatus, for example, when a catalyst is supported on the filter 7, the combustor 1 sets the temperature of the exhaust gas G appropriately in order to ensure the effectiveness of the catalytic reaction with respect to the catalyst. It is effective for raising the temperature to a temperature (for example, 300 ° C. to 400 ° C.), and the combustor 1 burns the fuel F supplied to the exhaust gas passage 16 even when no catalyst is supported on the filter 7. Thus, the temperature of the exhaust gas G can be raised to an appropriate temperature (for example, about 600 ° C. or more), and harmful substances can be effectively incinerated.

図1には,DPF7を設置したディーゼルエンジン6の排気系を示している。この排気ガス昇温装置は,DPF7の上流には,燃焼器1を配置されており,ディーゼルエンジン6の排気ガス温度を目標温度に昇温させて触媒を活性化し,DPF7に捕集したPMを加熱焼却又は有害物質を酸化・還元反応によって消失除去してフィルタ7Fを再生するシステムである。燃焼器1には,燃料ノズル2とグロープラグ3が設置されており,燃料ノズル2からの供給燃料流量及びグロープラグ3の通電は,コントローラ13によって制御される。燃料ノズル2へ供給される燃料流量は,車両燃料タンク10から燃料供給用ポンプ12を経て圧送され,燃料供給用ポンプ12は,コントローラ13からの指令で制御して作動される。燃焼器1には,それぞれ流入側の排気ガス通路16に入口温度センサ8,及び流出側の排気ガス通路17に出口温度センサ9が配置されており,入口温度センサ8と出口温度センサ9で検出された温度信号は,コントローラ13に信号線であるライン31,32を通じて入力される。   FIG. 1 shows an exhaust system of a diesel engine 6 in which a DPF 7 is installed. In this exhaust gas temperature raising device, the combustor 1 is arranged upstream of the DPF 7, the exhaust gas temperature of the diesel engine 6 is raised to the target temperature to activate the catalyst, and the PM collected in the DPF 7 is collected. This is a system that regenerates the filter 7F by removing it by incineration by heating or removing toxic substances by oxidation / reduction reactions. A fuel nozzle 2 and a glow plug 3 are installed in the combustor 1, and a flow rate of fuel supplied from the fuel nozzle 2 and energization of the glow plug 3 are controlled by a controller 13. The flow rate of the fuel supplied to the fuel nozzle 2 is pumped from the vehicle fuel tank 10 through the fuel supply pump 12, and the fuel supply pump 12 is controlled and operated by a command from the controller 13. In the combustor 1, an inlet temperature sensor 8 is arranged in the exhaust gas passage 16 on the inflow side, and an outlet temperature sensor 9 is arranged in the exhaust gas passage 17 on the outflow side, which are detected by the inlet temperature sensor 8 and the outlet temperature sensor 9. The obtained temperature signal is input to the controller 13 through lines 31 and 32 which are signal lines.

コントローラ13は,電源線29を通じて電源11から電力が供給されて,燃料ポンプ12から燃焼器1に供給する燃料Fの供給量を信号線28を通じて制御すると共に,燃焼器1に供給された燃料Fを引火するためのグロープラグ3のON・OFFをライン30を通じて制御するように設定されている。燃焼器1には,燃料F(図3)がディーゼルエンジン6の燃料タンク10から燃料ポンプ12の作動で燃料パイプ26,27を通じて燃料ノズル2に供給され,燃焼器1内に噴霧される。コントローラ13は,燃焼器1の上流側の排気ガス通路16に設けられた入口温度センサ8から信号ライン31を通じて温度信号を受けると共に,下流側の排気ガス通路17に設けられた出口温度センサ9から信号ライン31を通じて温度信号を受け,それらの温度状態に応答して燃焼器1に設けた燃料ノズル2とグロープラグ3の作動を制御する。即ち,燃焼器1の温度制御は,出口温度センサ9の値がコントローラ13にフィードバックされることにより行なわれ,入口温度センサ8と出口温度センサ9の差によって燃焼器1の燃焼状態の把握と,必要な燃料の流量が算出され,燃料ポンプ12の動作を決定して燃料ノズル2から混合燃焼筒体4の上流領域34に噴霧される。燃料ノズル2から燃料Fが噴霧された上流領域34は,燃料Fが濃い混合気領域37であり,排気ガスGが流入した中流領域35及び下流領域36は,燃料Fに排気ガスGが混合されて燃料Fが希釈された燃料Fが薄い混合気領域38になって燃焼が促進される。ディーゼルエンジン6の排気ガスGに含まれる残存酸素量は,エンジン運転状態によって変化するため,燃焼器1の燃焼状態にも影響を及ぼすが,燃焼器1の構造は,簡素でシンプルであり,不必要な熱容量が無いように構成されているので,出口温度センサ9によって燃焼状態の確認を瞬時に行なうことが可能であり,残存酸素量による制御を必要としない。   The controller 13 is supplied with electric power from the power supply 11 through the power supply line 29, controls the supply amount of the fuel F supplied from the fuel pump 12 to the combustor 1 through the signal line 28, and also supplies the fuel F supplied to the combustor 1. The glow plug 3 for igniting is set so as to be controlled through the line 30. Fuel F (FIG. 3) is supplied from the fuel tank 10 of the diesel engine 6 to the fuel nozzle 2 through the fuel pipes 26 and 27 to the combustor 1 and sprayed into the combustor 1. The controller 13 receives a temperature signal from the inlet temperature sensor 8 provided in the exhaust gas passage 16 on the upstream side of the combustor 1 through the signal line 31 and from the outlet temperature sensor 9 provided in the downstream exhaust gas passage 17. A temperature signal is received through the signal line 31, and the operation of the fuel nozzle 2 and the glow plug 3 provided in the combustor 1 is controlled in response to those temperature states. That is, the temperature control of the combustor 1 is performed by feeding back the value of the outlet temperature sensor 9 to the controller 13, grasping the combustion state of the combustor 1 by the difference between the inlet temperature sensor 8 and the outlet temperature sensor 9, The required fuel flow rate is calculated, the operation of the fuel pump 12 is determined, and sprayed from the fuel nozzle 2 to the upstream region 34 of the mixed combustion cylinder 4. The upstream region 34 where the fuel F is sprayed from the fuel nozzle 2 is an air-fuel mixture region 37 where the fuel F is rich, and the middle region 35 and the downstream region 36 into which the exhaust gas G flows are mixed with the fuel F and the exhaust gas G. Thus, the fuel F diluted with the fuel F becomes a thin air-fuel mixture region 38 and combustion is promoted. Since the amount of residual oxygen contained in the exhaust gas G of the diesel engine 6 varies depending on the engine operating state, it also affects the combustion state of the combustor 1, but the structure of the combustor 1 is simple and simple, Since it is configured not to have the necessary heat capacity, the combustion state can be confirmed instantaneously by the outlet temperature sensor 9, and control based on the residual oxygen amount is not required.

この排気ガス浄化装置において,燃焼器1は,特に,図2及び図3に示すように,排気ガスGの流入する入口を備えた流入部14が形成された円筒形のケース20,ケース20に形成された排気ガス通路17内に配設され,特に図3に示すように,排気ガス通路17内の排気ガスG中に配置された(言い換えれば,排気ガスGに晒された)上流領域34が閉鎖され防炎部5に形成され,中流領域35から下流領域36にわたって周囲に多数の通孔19が形成され,ケース20のケース出口33に嵌合した排気ガスGが流出する出口を備えた流出部15が形成された混合燃焼筒体4,及び混合燃焼筒体4内の上流領域に設けられた燃料Fを供給する燃料ノズル2と燃料Fを着火させるグロープラグ3を備えていることを特徴とする。燃焼器1は,混合燃焼筒体4の通孔19から排気ガスGを混合燃焼筒体4内に旋回流として流入させ,燃料ノズル2から混合燃焼筒体4内に供給された燃料Fと旋回流の排気ガスGとを混合させた混合気をグロープラグ3によって着火燃焼させて排気ガスGの温度を昇温させて混合燃焼筒体4の流出部15から適正温度に昇温された排気ガス温度となって,排気ガス通路17を通じて後流のDPF7に送り込まれ,フィルタ7Fの再生時に触媒を活性化したり,触媒が無い場合でもフィルタに捕集された粒子状物質を加熱焼却することができる。 In this exhaust gas purifying apparatus, the combustor 1 includes a cylindrical case 20 and a case 20 in which an inflow portion 14 having an inlet through which the exhaust gas G flows is formed, as shown in FIGS. An upstream region 34 disposed in the formed exhaust gas passage 17 and disposed in the exhaust gas G in the exhaust gas passage 17 (in other words, exposed to the exhaust gas G), particularly as shown in FIG. There are formed in the flame part 5 is closed, a large number of through holes 19 are formed from a middle region 35 around over the downstream region 36, an outlet for exhaust gas G fitted to casing outlet 33 of the case 20 flows out And a fuel nozzle 2 for supplying the fuel F provided in the upstream region in the mixed combustion cylinder 4 and a glow plug 3 for igniting the fuel F. It is characterized by. The combustor 1 causes the exhaust gas G to flow into the mixed combustion cylinder 4 from the through hole 19 of the mixed combustion cylinder 4 as a swirl flow, and swirls with the fuel F supplied from the fuel nozzle 2 into the mixed combustion cylinder 4. Exhaust gas heated to an appropriate temperature from the outflow part 15 of the mixed combustion cylinder 4 by igniting and burning the air-fuel mixture mixed with the exhaust gas G in a flow by the glow plug 3 to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas G It becomes temperature and is sent to the downstream DPF 7 through the exhaust gas passage 17 so that the catalyst can be activated when the filter 7F is regenerated, or the particulate matter collected by the filter can be incinerated even when there is no catalyst. .

また,燃焼器1は,燃料ノズル2から混合燃焼筒体4内の上流領域に噴射された燃料Fが着火燃焼した火炎燃焼方向に対して,混合燃焼筒体4の通孔19から排気ガスGが直角に流入して燃料Fと混合して旋回流となって燃焼が促進されるものである。コントローラ13は,排気ガスGの温度が予め決められた所定の温度以下に応答して燃料ノズル2から燃料Fを混合燃焼筒体2内に供給して着火燃焼させて排気ガスGを昇温する制御を行なうと共に,排気ガスGの温度が予め決められた所定の温度以上に応答して燃料ノズル2からの燃料Fを混合燃焼筒体4に供給するのを停止し,排気ガス温度を所定の温度範囲に制御するものである。   Further, the combustor 1 has an exhaust gas G from the through hole 19 of the mixed combustion cylinder 4 in the flame combustion direction in which the fuel F injected from the fuel nozzle 2 to the upstream region in the mixed combustion cylinder 4 is ignited and combusted. Flows at a right angle and mixes with the fuel F to form a swirling flow to promote combustion. In response to the temperature of the exhaust gas G being equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the controller 13 supplies the fuel F from the fuel nozzle 2 into the mixed combustion cylinder 2 and ignites and raises the temperature of the exhaust gas G. In addition to performing control, in response to the temperature of the exhaust gas G exceeding a predetermined temperature, the supply of the fuel F from the fuel nozzle 2 to the mixed combustion cylinder 4 is stopped, and the exhaust gas temperature is set to a predetermined temperature. The temperature is controlled.

図3及び図4に示すように,燃焼器1は,小形化の観点から燃焼促進用の混合板の機能を備えた通孔19付きの混合燃焼筒体4を円筒形状に構成しており,燃焼方向である軸方向と直角に燃焼用排気ガスGを導入し,それによって混合燃焼筒体4内の中流領域35と下流領域36において混合気の多くの旋回流を発生させ,混合による火炎の均一化を行なって燃焼促進を達成する。燃焼器1の混合燃焼筒体4における燃焼促進用再混合板に設けられた排気ガス導入孔即ち通孔19は,目標排気ガス流量及び目標昇温温度を達成できるように,配列形成されており,排気ガスGの目標温度の変化に対応させることが可能に構成されている。燃焼促進用再混合板は,上記のように,混合燃焼筒体4の軸方向に並んで通孔19が形成された構造即ち多段燃焼方式の構造として構成されており,ディーゼルエンジン6の各運転条件に応じて,酸素供給が可能となって燃焼の均一性が得られる。混合燃焼筒体4は,円筒構造に形成されており,上流領域34には排気ガスGが導入されないように閉鎖されており,防炎部5の機能を果たし,部品点数を減少させることができる。混合燃焼筒体4における防炎部5となる上流領域34には,燃料ノズル2が配設され,燃料ノズル2は,燃焼方向と直角に配置することによって,混合燃焼筒体4内に混合気の乱れを起こすことができ,混合気を攪拌する機能を果たしている。   As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the combustor 1 is configured such that a mixed combustion cylinder 4 with a through hole 19 having a function of a mixing plate for promoting combustion is formed in a cylindrical shape from the viewpoint of miniaturization. Combustion exhaust gas G is introduced at a right angle to the axial direction, which is the combustion direction, thereby generating many swirling flows of the air-fuel mixture in the middle flow region 35 and the downstream region 36 in the mixed combustion cylinder 4, and Uniformization is performed to achieve combustion acceleration. The exhaust gas introduction holes or through holes 19 provided in the combustion promoting remixing plate in the mixed combustion cylinder 4 of the combustor 1 are arranged so as to achieve the target exhaust gas flow rate and the target temperature rise. The exhaust gas G can be adapted to the change in the target temperature. As described above, the combustion promoting remixing plate has a structure in which the through-holes 19 are formed side by side in the axial direction of the mixed combustion cylinder 4, that is, a multistage combustion type structure. Depending on the conditions, oxygen can be supplied and combustion uniformity can be obtained. The mixed combustion cylinder 4 is formed in a cylindrical structure, and is closed so that the exhaust gas G is not introduced into the upstream region 34. The mixed combustion cylinder 4 functions as the flameproof portion 5 and can reduce the number of parts. . The fuel nozzle 2 is disposed in the upstream region 34 serving as the flameproof portion 5 in the mixed combustion cylinder 4, and the fuel nozzle 2 is disposed at a right angle to the combustion direction so that the mixture is mixed in the mixed combustion cylinder 4. It is possible to cause disturbances in the air and to agitate the air-fuel mixture.

図3には,燃焼器1内に燃料Fと排気ガスとの混合気が乱れを発生させて流れる状態が矢印で示されている。即ち,火炎燃焼方向と排気ガス流れ方向が直角に混合したときに発生する旋回流の発生の様子が示されており,図4には,燃焼器1の出口側である下流領域36における混合気の旋回流の発生の様子が示されている。上記に示すように,燃焼方向と排気ガスGの流入方向とが直角になるように形成することによって,省スペースにおける自己再循環要素,濃淡燃焼要素,及び多段燃焼要素を導入することが可能であり,供給燃料Fを効率的に燃焼させることができ,DPF7へ送り込まれる排気ガスG中には未燃焼の燃料Fが送り込めれることは無い。また,混合燃焼筒体4は,上流領域34の防炎部機能と,中流領域35と下流領域36とを混合板機能とが一体構造に構成されていることによって,部品点数の低減化と構造の簡略化を達成できる。   In FIG. 3, the state in which the mixture of the fuel F and the exhaust gas flows in the combustor 1 with turbulence is indicated by arrows. That is, the appearance of the swirling flow generated when the flame combustion direction and the exhaust gas flow direction are mixed at right angles is shown. FIG. 4 shows the mixture in the downstream region 36 on the outlet side of the combustor 1. The appearance of the swirling flow is shown. As shown above, by forming the combustion direction and the inflow direction of the exhaust gas G at right angles, it is possible to introduce a space-saving self-recirculation element, a concentration combustion element, and a multistage combustion element. Yes, the supplied fuel F can be combusted efficiently, and the unburned fuel F is not fed into the exhaust gas G fed to the DPF 7. Further, the mixed combustion cylinder 4 has a structure in which the number of parts is reduced and the structure of the flameproof portion in the upstream region 34 and the mixing plate function in the middle flow region 35 and the downstream region 36 are integrated. Simplification can be achieved.

図5には,上記実施例によって目標温度を600℃として制御した燃焼器1の出口温度センサ9の値が示されている。排気ガスGの流量変化や温度変化によって燃焼状態が変化するが,十分に制御可能であるといえる。この排気ガス昇温装置は,排気ガスGの昇温対象がDPF7のフィルタ7Fに担持された触媒の活性化及び/又は粒子状物質の加熱焼却のための適正な温度への昇温であるが,燃焼器1そのものの適正な燃焼にも同様に適用可能である。燃焼器1は,例えば,フィルタ7に触媒が担持されている場合には,排気ガスGを300℃〜400℃へ昇温させ,フィルタ7に触媒が担持されていない場合には,排気ガスGを600℃程度以上へ昇温させるように,燃料Fが供給されて燃焼温度が制御されれば,排気ガスG中の粒子状物質を効率的に焼却することができる。この排気ガス昇温装置では,着火源がグロープラグ3であるが,その他,電気スパークでも適用可能であることは勿論である。   FIG. 5 shows the value of the outlet temperature sensor 9 of the combustor 1 which is controlled by setting the target temperature at 600 ° C. according to the above embodiment. Although the combustion state changes depending on the flow rate change and temperature change of the exhaust gas G, it can be said that it can be sufficiently controlled. In this exhaust gas temperature raising device, the temperature of the exhaust gas G is raised to an appropriate temperature for activating the catalyst supported on the filter 7F of the DPF 7 and / or heating and burning the particulate matter. The same applies to proper combustion of the combustor 1 itself. For example, when the catalyst is supported on the filter 7, the combustor 1 raises the exhaust gas G to 300 ° C. to 400 ° C., and when the filter 7 does not support the catalyst, the exhaust gas G If the fuel F is supplied and the combustion temperature is controlled so that the temperature is raised to about 600 ° C. or higher, the particulate matter in the exhaust gas G can be efficiently incinerated. In this exhaust gas temperature raising device, the ignition source is the glow plug 3, but of course, it can also be applied to electric sparks.

この発明による排気ガス昇温装置を備えた排気ガス浄化装置は,例えば,ディーゼルエンジン等のエンジン,ボイラーや焼却炉等の燃焼装置から排出される排気ガスに含まれる煤,カーボン等の粒子状物質を加熱焼却して消失させ,或いはCO,HC,NOX 等の有害物質を触媒の助けで酸化・還元反応させて消失させ,排気ガスを浄化するのに使用して好ましいものである。 An exhaust gas purifying apparatus equipped with an exhaust gas temperature raising device according to the present invention is, for example, particulate matter such as soot and carbon contained in exhaust gas discharged from an engine such as a diesel engine or a combustion apparatus such as a boiler or an incinerator. heating incineration to abolished, or CO, HC, and harmful substances such as NO X abolished by oxidation and reduction reactions with the aid of a catalyst, it is preferred to use for purifying the exhaust gas.

1 燃焼器
2 燃料ノズル
3 グロープラグ
4 混合燃焼筒体
5 防炎部
6 ディーゼルエンジン
7 DPF
7F フィルタ
8 入口温度センサ
9 出口温度センサ
10 燃料タンク
12 燃料ポンプ
13 コントローラ
14 流入部
15 流出部
16,17,18 排気ガス通路
19 通孔
20 ケース
33 ケース出口
34 上流領域
35 中流領域
36 下流領域
G 排気ガス
F 燃料
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustor 2 Fuel nozzle 3 Glow plug 4 Mixed combustion cylinder 5 Flameproof part 6 Diesel engine 7 DPF
7F Filter 8 Inlet temperature sensor 9 Outlet temperature sensor 10 Fuel tank 12 Fuel pump 13 Controller 14 Inflow part 15 Outlet part 16, 17, 18 Exhaust gas passage 19 Through hole 20 Case 33 Case outlet 34 Upstream area 35 Middle stream area 36 Downstream area G Exhaust gas F Fuel

Claims (4)

ディーゼルエンジン等のエンジン,ボイラーや焼却炉等の燃焼装置から排気される排気ガス中に含まれる煤カーボンの粒子状物質を捕集するフィルタの上流側の排気ガス通路に配設された燃焼器に燃料を供給して前記燃料を燃焼させて前記排気ガスを昇温させる排気ガス昇温装置を備えた排気ガス浄化装置において,
前記燃焼器は,一端に前記排気ガス流入する流入部を且つ他端に前記排気ガスが流出する出口を備えた前記排気ガス通路を形成する円筒ケース,前記円筒ケースに形成された前記排気ガス通路内で前記排気ガス中に配設された上流領域の端部が閉鎖され防炎部に形成され且つ中流領域から下流領域にわたって周囲に目標排気ガス流量及び目標昇温温度を達成可能な前記排気ガスを流入させる多数の通孔が形成され且つ前記円筒ケースの前記出口に嵌合し前記排気ガスが流出する流出部が形成された混合燃焼筒体,及び前記混合燃焼筒体内の前記上流領域の前記防炎部に配設された前記燃料を供給する燃料ノズルと前記燃料を着火させるグロープラグを備え,
前記燃料ノズルから前記混合燃焼筒体内の前記上流領域に噴射された前記燃料が前記グロープラグによって着火燃焼した火炎燃焼方向に対して,前記混合燃焼筒体内に前記通孔から直角に流入された前記排気ガスと混合した前記混合気が前記旋回流となって燃焼が促進され,前記排気ガスを昇温させて前記排気ガスを前記混合燃焼筒体の前記流出部から流出させて前記フィルタに送り込むことを特徴とする排気ガス昇温装置を備えた排気ガス浄化装置。
Diesel engines of the engine, the combustion which is disposed in an exhaust gas passage upstream of the filter for collecting particulate matter, soot and carbon emissions contained in the exhaust gas discharged from a combustion apparatus such as boilers and incinerators In an exhaust gas purification apparatus comprising an exhaust gas temperature raising device for supplying fuel to a vessel and burning the fuel to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas,
The combustor cylindrical case forming the exhaust gas passage with an outlet, wherein the exhaust gas inlet portion and the other end to outflow the exhaust gas to one end flows, the exhaust gas formed in the cylindrical case An end of an upstream region disposed in the exhaust gas in the passage is formed in a closed flameproof portion and can achieve a target exhaust gas flow rate and a target temperature rise from the middle flow region to the downstream region. number of through holes are formed and the cylindrical the exhaust gas mixture combustion cylinder body outlet portion is formed to flow fitted to the outlet of the case for flowing the exhaust gases, and the upstream of said mixing combustion cylinder body e Bei a glow plug for igniting the fuel and fuel nozzle for supplying the fuel in which the disposed flameproof unit area,
The fuel injected from the fuel nozzle to the upstream region in the mixed combustion cylinder flows into the mixed combustion cylinder at right angles from the through hole with respect to a flame combustion direction ignited and burned by the glow plug. Combustion is promoted by the air-fuel mixture mixed with exhaust gas becoming the swirl flow, the exhaust gas is heated, and the exhaust gas flows out from the outflow portion of the mixed combustion cylinder and is sent to the filter An exhaust gas purification device comprising an exhaust gas temperature raising device characterized by the above.
前記燃焼器の前記上流側の前記排気ガス通路に設けられて前記排気ガスの温度を検出する入口温度センサと,前記燃焼器の下流側の前記排気ガス通路に設けられて前記排気ガスの温度を検出する出口温度センサとを備えており,コントローラは,前記燃焼器の入口側の排気ガス温度と出口側の排気ガス温度との温度差及び前記出口側の排気ガス温度に応答して,前記燃料ノズルから噴霧する前記燃料を予め決められた所定量の流量に制御することを特徴とする請求項に記載の排気ガス昇温装置を備えた排気ガス浄化装置。 An inlet temperature sensor provided in the exhaust gas passage on the upstream side of the combustor for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas, and provided in the exhaust gas passage on the downstream side of the combustor for controlling the temperature of the exhaust gas. And an outlet temperature sensor for detecting, wherein the controller is responsive to a temperature difference between an exhaust gas temperature on the inlet side of the combustor and an exhaust gas temperature on the outlet side and an exhaust gas temperature on the outlet side. 2. The exhaust gas purifying apparatus having an exhaust gas temperature raising device according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel sprayed from the nozzle is controlled to a predetermined flow rate. 前記コントローラは,前記出口側の排気ガス温度が予め決められた所定の温度以下に応答して予め決められた所定量の燃料を前記燃料ノズルから前記混合燃焼筒体に噴霧して,前記混合気を着火燃焼させて前記排気ガスの温度を昇温させる制御をすることを特徴とする請求項に記載の排気ガス昇温装置を備えた排気ガス浄化装置。 The controller sprays a predetermined amount of fuel on the mixed combustion cylinder from the fuel nozzle in response to the exhaust gas temperature on the outlet side being equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. The exhaust gas purifying apparatus comprising the exhaust gas temperature raising device according to claim 2 , wherein the temperature of the exhaust gas is raised by igniting and burning the gas. 前記コントローラは,前記排気ガスの温度が予め決められた所定の温度以上に応答して前記燃料ノズルからの前記燃料の噴霧を停止し,前記排気ガスの温度を予め決められた所定の温度範囲に維持する制御を行なうことを特徴とする請求項又はに記載の排気ガス昇温装置を備えた排気ガス浄化装置。 The controller stops spraying the fuel from the fuel nozzle in response to a temperature of the exhaust gas exceeding a predetermined temperature, and brings the temperature of the exhaust gas to a predetermined temperature range. The exhaust gas purifying apparatus comprising the exhaust gas temperature raising device according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein control for maintaining the exhaust gas is performed.
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