JP6342871B2 - アルミニウム基複合材料及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
アルミニウム基複合材料及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 329
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 271
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 110
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 247
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 30
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 13
- CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynemethyl(alumanylidynemethylalumanylidenemethylidene)alumane Chemical compound [Al]#C[Al]=C=[Al]C#[Al] CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
- C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/12—Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/008—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression characterised by the composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1084—Alloys containing non-metals by mechanical alloying (blending, milling)
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- C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
- C22C32/0057—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on B4C
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- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0084—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ carbon or graphite as the main non-metallic constituent
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- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
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- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2302/10—Carbide
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- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2302/20—Nitride
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- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2302/40—Carbon, graphite
- B22F2302/403—Carbon nanotube
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- C22C2026/006—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes with additional metal compounds being carbides
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Description
<アルミニウム基複合材料>
第一実施形態に係るアルミニウム基複合材料は、純アルミニウムからなる複数の粗大結晶粒と、粗大結晶粒の間に存在し、結晶粒径が粗大結晶粒よりも小さい複数の微細結晶粒とを備える。
次に、第一実施形態に係るアルミニウム基複合材料の製造方法について説明する。図2(a)に示すように、まず、微細結晶粒の原料であるアルミニウム粉末と添加物とを秤量する。アルミニウム粉末としては、上述のように、導電性を高めるために純度が99質量%以上のアルミニウムを使用することが好ましい。また、添加物としては、上述のように、カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンナノホーン、カーボンブラック、炭化ホウ素及び窒化ホウ素を用いることが好ましい。
次に、第二実施形態に係るアルミニウム基複合材料について詳細に説明する。なお、第一実施形態と同一の構成について繰り返しの説明は省略する。
まず、得られる微細結晶粒における、分散体としての炭化アルミニウムの含有量が4.00質量%となるように、アルミニウム粉末とカーボンナノチューブとを秤量した。なお、アルミニウム粉末は、株式会社高純度化学研究所製、製品名ALE16PBを使用し、平均粉体径が20μmであった。また、カーボンナノチューブは、CNano Technology Limited製、製品名Flotube9000G2を使用した。
まず、得られる微細結晶粒における、分散体としての炭化アルミニウムの含有量が2.00質量%となるように、純度99.9%のアルミニウム粉末とカーボンナノチューブとを秤量した。なお、アルミニウム粉末は、株式会社高純度化学研究所製のものを使用し、平均粉体径が20μmであった。また、カーボンナノチューブは、実施例1と同じものを使用した。
まず、得られるアルミニウム基複合材料における、分散体としての炭化アルミニウムの含有量が2.00質量%となるように、アルミニウム粉末とカーボンナノチューブとを秤量した。なお、アルミニウム粉末及びカーボンナノチューブは、実施例1と同じものを使用した。
実施例1及び2、並びに比較例で得られた伸線の最大引張強さ及び伸びをJIS Z2241に準拠して測定した。また、各伸線の導電率をJIS H0505に準拠して測定した。各実施例1及び2、並びに比較例の伸線における最大引張強さ、伸び及び導電率を、試料の組成と共に表1に示す。
2 分散体(炭化アルミニウム)
3 粗大結晶粒
4 微細結晶粒
Claims (5)
- 純アルミニウムからなる複数の粗大結晶粒と、
アルミニウム母相と、前記アルミニウム母相の内部に分散し、かつ、一部または全ての添加物が前記アルミニウム母相におけるアルミニウムと反応することにより形成された分散体とを有する複数の微細結晶粒と、
を有し、
前記微細結晶粒は前記粗大結晶粒の間に存在し、前記微細結晶粒の結晶粒径は前記粗大結晶粒の結晶粒径よりも小さいアルミニウム基複合材料。 - アルミニウム母相と、前記アルミニウム母相の内部に分散し、かつ、一部または全ての添加物が前記アルミニウム母相におけるアルミニウムと反応することにより形成された分散体とを有する複数の粗大結晶粒と、
アルミニウム母相と、前記アルミニウム母相の内部に分散し、かつ、一部または全ての添加物が前記アルミニウム母相におけるアルミニウムと反応することにより形成された分散体とを有する複数の微細結晶粒と、
を有し、
前記微細結晶粒における前記アルミニウム母相を構成するアルミニウムの純度及び前記添加物の含有量の少なくとも一方が、前記粗大結晶粒と異なっており、
前記微細結晶粒は前記粗大結晶粒の間に存在し、前記微細結晶粒の結晶粒径は前記粗大結晶粒の結晶粒径よりも小さいアルミニウム基複合材料。 - 前記添加物は、カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンナノホーン、カーボンブラック、炭化ホウ素及び窒化ホウ素からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つである請求項1又は2に記載のアルミニウム基複合材料。
- 前記分散体は、長径と短径との比(長径/短径)が1〜30であり、長径が0.01nm〜500nmであり、短径が0.01nm〜200nmである請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載のアルミニウム基複合材料。
- 請求項1に記載のアルミニウム基複合材料の製造方法であって、
純度が99質量%以上のアルミニウム粉末と、カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンナノホーン、カーボンブラック、炭化ホウ素及び窒化ホウ素からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つである添加物とを混合することにより、微細結晶粒前駆体を得る工程と、
前記微細結晶粒前駆体と、純アルミニウムからなる粗大結晶粒前駆体とを混合して圧粉成形することにより、圧粉体を得る工程と、
前記圧粉体を600〜660℃の温度で加熱する工程と、
を有するアルミニウム基複合材料の製造方法。
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