JP6330524B2

JP6330524B2 - Drainage material for roadbed and its manufacturing method

Info

Publication number: JP6330524B2
Application number: JP2014135893A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 敬次佐々木; 修生松岡; 洋規平; 昭弘久見瀬
Original assignee: コンドーテック株式会社; 橋爪商事株式会社; 株式会社泰東
Priority date: 2014-07-01
Filing date: 2014-07-01
Publication date: 2018-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 2034-07-01
Also published as: JP2016014241A

Description

本発明は、鉄道や道路や歩道などの道床の排水に好適に利用可能な道床用排水材及びその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a drainage material for a roadbed that can be suitably used for drainage of a roadbed such as a railway, a road, and a sidewalk, and a method for manufacturing the drainage material.

鉄道の道床として、軌道に沿って基礎盛土を施工し、その上にバラストを敷設したものが広く採用されている。 As a railroad bed, one in which a foundation embankment is constructed along a track and a ballast is laid thereon is widely used.

ところで、前記鉄道の道床においては、列車通過時の振動で、バラストの粉砕粉末や基礎盛土がバラストのすきまを上昇して、道床表面に堆積する所謂噴泥現象が発生する。そして、この噴泥現象を長期にわたって放置していると、基礎盛土に窪みができて、列車通過時における振動が大きくなるとともに、基礎盛土上に雨水が溜まり易くなって噴泥の発生が助長され、基礎盛土の窪みが大きくなって列車走行時の振動が大きくなり、乗り心地性が低下するという問題が発生することが知られている。 By the way, in the railroad bed of the railway, the so-called mud mud phenomenon that the ground powder of the ballast or the foundation embankment raises the clearance of the ballast and accumulates on the road bed surface due to the vibration when the train passes. If this mud phenomenon is left unattended for a long period of time, a depression will be formed in the foundation embankment, vibration will increase when passing through the train, and rainwater will easily accumulate on the foundation embankment, which will promote the generation of mud. It is known that a problem arises that the depression of the foundation embankment becomes large, the vibration during train traveling increases, and the ride comfort decreases.

このような噴泥現象の発生を防止する対策として、噴泥の発生し易い箇所に、シート状や紐状の道床排水材を埋設施工して、降雨を排水する技術が広く採用されている。 As a measure for preventing the occurrence of such a mud phenomenon, a technique of draining rainfall by embedding a sheet-like or string-like roadbed drainage material at a place where mud mud is likely to occur is widely adopted.

例えば、特許文献１には、前記紐状の道床用排水材として、引き揃えたガラス繊維からなるストランド束を、透水性を有するガラス繊維からなる可撓性筒状体で抱持してなり、ストランド束における毛管作用により、排水端側へ効率的に導水可能となした道床用排水材が提案されている。また、特許文献２には、前記紐状の道床用排水材として、撚成、編成もしくはこれらの組み合わせによって形成したドレーンロープが提案されている。 For example, in Patent Document 1, as a string-shaped roadbed drainage material, a strand bundle made of aligned glass fibers is held by a flexible tubular body made of glass fiber having water permeability, There has been proposed a drainage material for a roadbed that can efficiently conduct water to a drainage end side by a capillary action in a strand bundle. Patent Document 2 proposes a drain rope formed by twisting, knitting, or a combination thereof as the string-shaped drainage material for a roadbed.

特開平１１−３２３８９８号公報JP-A-11-323898 実公昭５０−１２１６８号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 50-12168

ところが、特許文献１、２記載の道床用排水材では、道床用排水材に接触する部分の水しか排水できないので、排水性能を高めるためには、道床用排水材の本数を増やしたり、道床用排水材の直径を大きくしたりする必要があり、製作コストが高くなるとともに、重量が増加して、輸送性や施工性が低下するという問題があった。また、排水性は向上できるものの、通気性は殆ど改善されないことから、基礎盛土の表面やバラストの乾燥を通気により促進して、噴泥の発生を防止できないものであった。 However, in the drainage material for roadbeds described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, only the water in contact with the drainage material for roadbeds can be drained, so in order to improve drainage performance, the number of drainage materials for roadbeds can be increased, There is a problem that it is necessary to increase the diameter of the drainage material, which increases the manufacturing cost, increases the weight, and decreases the transportability and workability. In addition, although drainage can be improved, air permeability is hardly improved. Therefore, drying of the surface of the base embankment and ballast is promoted by ventilation, and generation of mud cannot be prevented.

本発明の目的は、排水性及び通気性を向上して噴泥の発生を効果的に防止しつつ、軽量に構成して輸送性や施工性を向上可能で、しかも安価に製作可能な道床用排水材及びその製造方法を提供するものである。 The object of the present invention is for a roadbed that can improve the drainage and air permeability and effectively prevent the generation of mud, and can be made lightweight and improve transportability and workability, and can be manufactured at low cost. A drainage material and a manufacturing method thereof are provided.

本発明に係る道床用排水材は、道床に埋設施工される紐状の排水材であって、繊維材からなる透水性を有する紐状の本体部と、前記本体部の外側に設けた、前記本体部から外方へ突出する複数の繊維材からなる集水部とを備えたものである。 The drainage material for a roadbed according to the present invention is a string-like drainage material embedded in the roadbed, and is provided on the outside of the main body portion with a string-like main body portion having a water permeability made of a fiber material. And a water collecting portion made of a plurality of fiber materials projecting outward from the main body portion.

この道床用排水材を施工する際には、鉄道や道路や歩道などの道床に、一端側或いは両端側へ向けて緩やかな下り傾斜となるように設置用溝を横断状に施工し、この設置用溝に一端部又は両端部が外部に配置されるように、道床用排水材を埋設施工することになる。そして、このように道床に埋設施工した道床用排水材では、集水部を構成する繊維材が、本体部の周辺の土やバラスト内へ伸びて配置されるので、道床に侵入した水は、集水部の繊維材に沿って本体部に集められ、本体部を通じて本体部の一端部又は両端部から外部へ排水されることになる。また、集水部を構成する繊維材により、集水部内への土や砂利などの侵入が抑制され、集水部に沿って外部に連通された隙間が形成されるので、集水部における通気性が向上して、集水部周辺の土やバラストの乾燥を促進できる。 When constructing this drainage material for roadbed, install the groove for installation in a transverse shape on the roadbed of railways, roads, sidewalks, etc. so as to have a gentle downward slope toward one or both ends. The drainage material for the roadbed is buried so that one end portion or both end portions are disposed outside the work groove. And, in the drainage material for the roadbed buried in the roadbed in this way, the fiber material that constitutes the water collecting part is arranged to extend into the soil and ballast around the main body part, so the water that has entered the roadbed is The water is collected in the main body along the fiber material of the water collecting portion, and drained from one end or both ends of the main body through the main body. In addition, the fiber material constituting the water collection part suppresses the entry of soil, gravel, etc. into the water collection part, and a gap communicated to the outside along the water collection part is formed. This improves the drying of soil and ballast around the catchment area.

このように、この道床用排水材では、本体部から外方へ突出する複数の繊維材からなる集水部を設けるという簡単な構成で、本体部の直径を小さくして、道床用排水材を軽量且つ安価に構成しつつ、本体部と道床との接触部分だけでなく、本体部付近の道床の水を集水部により効率的に集めて排水できるので、道床用排水材による排水性を向上できる。また、前述のように、集水部により通気性を向上して、集水部周辺の土やバラストの乾燥を促進できるので、排水性及び通気性の向上により、噴泥の発生を効果的に防止できる。 In this way, in this drainage material for roadbed, the drainage material for roadbed is reduced by reducing the diameter of the main body part with a simple configuration of providing a water collecting part composed of a plurality of fiber materials protruding outward from the main body part. Lightweight and inexpensively constructed, it can efficiently collect and drain not only the contact part between the main body and the roadbed but also the water in the vicinity of the main body by the water collecting part, thus improving drainage by the drainage material for the roadbed. it can. In addition, as described above, the water collecting part can improve the air permeability and promote the drying of soil and ballast around the water collecting part. Can be prevented.

ここで、前記本体部を中空紐状に構成し、前記本体部の内側に、前記本体部から内方へ突出する複数の繊維材からなる通路保形部を設けることが好ましい実施の形態である。このように、本体部を中空紐状に構成すると、本体部内を通じて効率的な排水や通気が可能になるとともに、鉄道や道路や歩道などの道床を通過する列車や車両や歩行者の荷重により本体部が圧縮されることによるポンピング作用で、本体部内の水や空気を本体部の端部側へ効率的に送り出すことができ、道床用排水材周辺の排水性及び通気性を向上できる。また、圧縮変形した本体部は、繊維材の弾性だけでも元の形状に復帰するが、本発明のように本体部の内側に、本体部から内方へ突出する複数の繊維材からなる通路保形部を設けると、通路保形部を構成する繊維材の弾性によっても、圧縮変形した本体部が元の形状へ復帰することが促進され、変形状態が維持されることによる排水性や通気性の低下を防止できる。 Here, it is a preferred embodiment that the main body portion is formed in a hollow string shape, and a passage shape retaining portion made of a plurality of fiber materials projecting inward from the main body portion is provided inside the main body portion. . In this way, when the main body is configured in a hollow string shape, efficient drainage and ventilation are possible through the main body, and the main body is loaded by a train, vehicle, or pedestrian passing through a roadbed such as a railroad, road, or sidewalk. By the pumping action by compressing the part, water and air in the main body part can be efficiently sent to the end part side of the main body part, and drainage and air permeability around the drainage material for the road bed can be improved. In addition, the compression-deformed main body portion returns to its original shape only by the elasticity of the fiber material, but the passage maintenance made of a plurality of fiber materials projecting inward from the main body portion is provided inside the main body portion as in the present invention. When the shape part is provided, the elasticity of the fiber material constituting the passage shape retaining part promotes the return of the compressed and deformed main body part to the original shape, and the drainage and breathability by maintaining the deformed state. Can be prevented.

縦糸と横糸とを編成してなる帯状網部と、該帯状網部の横糸を側方へ突出してなる側部繊維部とを有する複数本の素材紐を用いて製作した、組紐又は撚紐又は編紐又は織紐からなることが好ましい実施の形態である。このような構成の素材紐を用いることで、本体部と集水部とを有する道床用排水材や、本体部と集水部と通路保形部を有する道床用排水材を容易に製作することができる。 A braided string or a twisted string manufactured using a plurality of material strings having a band-like net part formed by knitting warps and wefts, and side fiber parts formed by protruding the weft yarn of the band-like net part to the side, or It is a preferred embodiment that it consists of a braided string or a woven string. By using the material string having such a structure, it is possible to easily produce a drainage material for a roadbed having a main body portion and a water collecting portion, and a drainage material for a roadbed having a main body portion, a water collection portion, and a passage shape retaining portion. Can do.

前記素材紐を複数本重ね合わせて１組とした複数組の素材紐を用いて製作した、組紐又は撚紐又は編紐又は織紐からなることも好ましい。この場合には、１組の素材紐の重ね合わせ枚数に応じて道床用排水材の直径を容易に調整することができる。 It is also preferable that it is made of a braided cord, a twisted cord, a knitted cord, or a woven cord, which is manufactured by using a plurality of sets of raw material cords, each of which is formed by overlapping a plurality of the above-described material cords. In this case, it is possible to easily adjust the diameter of the drainage material for the road bed according to the number of superposed sheets of a set of material strings.

前記素材紐における帯状網部と側部繊維部の境界部に沿って、前記帯状網部のほつれを防止する縫製部を形成することも好ましい。このように構成することで、素材紐の形状安定性を向上でき、組紐又は撚紐又は編紐又は織紐への素材紐の成形が容易に行える。 It is also preferable to form a sewing part that prevents fraying of the band-like net part along a boundary part between the band-like net part and the side fiber part in the material string. By comprising in this way, the shape stability of a raw material string can be improved and shaping | molding of the raw material string to a braided string, a twisted string, a braided string, or a woven string can be performed easily.

前記素材紐が、網戸用網を製作するときに発生する端材からなることが好ましい実施の形態である。網戸用網は、網の製作工場にて、縦糸と横糸を編成して、例えば２００ｍをロール状に丸めたものを製作している。具体的には、網戸用網の品質向上及び品質安定のために、縦糸と横糸を編成して網戸用網を製作するときに、網戸用網から側方へ間隔をあけて、縦糸を密に配置させるとともに、該縦糸のほつれを防止する縫製を行った耳部が、網戸用網の両側部に形成されるように耳付編成網を製作し、耳付編成網の編成後に、該耳部を切断除去して、網戸用網を得るように構成している。従来、耳付編成網から切断除去した耳部は廃棄処分していたが、本発明では、このように廃棄処分していた網戸用網の端材としての耳部を有効活用して、道床用排水材を安価に製作できる。 In a preferred embodiment, the material string is made of an end material generated when a screen door net is manufactured. A screen door net is manufactured by knitting warp and weft yarns at a net manufacturing factory, for example, by rolling 200 m into a roll. Specifically, in order to improve the quality and stability of the screen door mesh, when producing a screen door mesh by knitting warp and weft yarns, the warp yarn is closely spaced from the screen door mesh to the side. The knitted net with ears is manufactured so that the ears that are sewn and sewn to prevent fraying of the warp threads are formed on both sides of the screen door net, and after the knitted nets with ears are knitted, Is cut and removed to obtain a screen door screen. Conventionally, the ears cut and removed from the knitted mesh with the ears were discarded, but in the present invention, the ears as the end materials of the screen door nets thus discarded are effectively used for the roadbed. Drainage material can be manufactured at low cost.

本発明に係る道床用排水材の製造方法は、道床に埋設施工される中空紐状の道床用排水材の製造方法であって、縦糸と横糸とを編成してなる帯状網部と、該帯状網部から側方へ突出する横糸からなる側部繊維部とを有する素材紐を製作し、前記素材紐を複数本用いて、中空紐状の組紐に編んで織り上げたものである。 The method for producing a drainage material for a roadbed according to the present invention is a method for producing a drainage material for a roadbed in the form of a hollow string to be embedded in the roadbed, and a belt-like net part formed by knitting warps and wefts, and the belt-like shape A material string having a side fiber part made of weft protruding sideways from a net part is manufactured, and a plurality of the material strings are used and knitted into a hollow string-like braid.

この道床用排水材の製造方法では、繊維材からなる透水性を有する中空紐状の本体部と、本体部の外側に設けた、本体部から外方へ突出する複数の繊維材からなる集水部と、本体部の内側に設けた、本体部から内方へ突出する複数の繊維材からなる通路保形部とを備えた、道床排水材（請求項２記載の道床用排水材）を容易に製作できる。 In this method for producing a drainage material for a roadbed, a water collecting body comprising a hollow string-shaped main body portion made of a fiber material and a plurality of fiber materials provided outside the main body portion and projecting outward from the main body portion. A roadbed drainage material (a roadbed drainage material according to claim 2), comprising a portion and a passage retaining portion made of a plurality of fibers projecting inwardly from the main body portion, provided inside the main body portion Can be produced.

ここで、前記素材紐を複数本重ね合わせて１組とした複数組の素材紐を用いて、中空紐状の組紐に編んで織り上げることが好ましい実施の形態である。この場合には、１組の素材紐の重ね合わせ枚数に応じて道床用排水材の直径を容易に調整することができる。 Here, it is a preferred embodiment to use a plurality of sets of material strings formed by superimposing a plurality of the above-described material strings and knit them into a braided braided string. In this case, it is possible to easily adjust the diameter of the drainage material for the road bed according to the number of superposed sheets of a set of material strings.

前記素材紐として、網戸用網を製作するときに発生する端材を用いることが好ましい実施の形態である。この場合には、前述と同様に、従来、廃棄処分していた網戸用網の端材としての耳部を有効活用して道床用排水材を製作でき、資源を有効活用できるので好ましい。 As the material string, it is a preferred embodiment to use an end material generated when a screen door net is manufactured. In this case, as described above, it is preferable that the drainage material for the roadbed can be manufactured by effectively utilizing the ears as the end material of the screen door net that has been disposed of in the past, and the resources can be effectively utilized.

本発明に係る道床用排水材によれば、本体部から外方へ突出する複数の繊維材からなる集水部を設けるという簡単な構成で、本体部の直径を小さくして、道床用排水材を軽量且つ安価に構成しつつ、本体部と道床との接触部分だけでなく、本体部付近の道床の水を集水部により効率的に集めて排水できるので、道床用排水材による排水性を向上できる。また、集水部により通気性を向上して、集水部周辺の土やバラストの乾燥を促進できるので、排水性及び通気性の向上により、噴泥の発生を効果的に防止できる。 According to the drainage material for a roadbed according to the present invention, the drainage material for a roadbed can be obtained by reducing the diameter of the main body portion with a simple configuration of providing a water collecting portion composed of a plurality of fiber materials protruding outward from the main body portion. In addition to the contact portion between the main body and the roadbed, the water of the roadbed near the main body can be efficiently collected and drained by the water collecting section, so that the drainage by the roadbed drainage can be reduced. Can be improved. Moreover, since air permeability can be improved by the water collecting part and drying of the soil and ballast around the water collecting part can be promoted, generation of mud can be effectively prevented by improving drainage and air permeability.

道床用排水材を施工した道床の縦断面図Longitudinal section of the roadbed with roadbed drainage 道床用排水材の平面図Plan view of drainage material for roadbed 図２のIII-III線断面図Sectional view along line III-III in Fig. 2 図２のIV-IV線断面図Sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 素材紐の平面図Plan view of material string 耳部切取前の網戸用網の要部平面図Plan view of the main part of screen net before cutting off the ear

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。
図１〜図４に示すように、道床用排水材１０は、道床１に埋設施工される紐状の排水材であって、繊維材からなる透水性を有する中空紐状の本体部１１と、本体部１１の外側に設けた、本体部１１から外方へ突出する複数の繊維材からなる集水部１２と、本体部１１の内側に設けた、本体部１１から内方へ突出する複数の繊維材からなる通路保形部１３とを備えている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the drainage material 10 for the roadbed is a string-like drainage material embedded in the roadbed 1, and has a hollow string-like main body 11 having water permeability made of a fiber material, A water collecting portion 12 made of a plurality of fiber materials projecting outward from the main body portion 11 provided outside the main body portion 11 and a plurality of water collecting portions projecting inward from the main body portion 11 provided inside the main body portion 11. And a passage retaining portion 13 made of a fiber material.

道床用排水材１０は、素材紐２０を２本重ね合わせて１組とした１６組、計３２本の素材紐２０を用いて、中空紐状の組紐に編んで織り上げて製作されている。ただし、素材紐２０を２本重ね合わせて１組としたが、１組の素材紐２０の重ね合わせ本数は、３本以上の本数でもよいし、重ね合わせないで１本の素材紐２０をそのまま用いることもできる。また、素材紐２０の組数は、１６組以外の組数に設定することもできる。道床用排水材１０の直径は、素材紐２０の組数と、１組の素材紐２０の重ね合わせ枚数を適宜に設定することで、手で持ち易く、施工し易い直径に調整することができる。更に、複数組の素材紐２０を編んで織り上げた中空紐状の組紐で道床用排水材１０を構成したが、道床用排水材１０は、複数組の素材紐２０からなる中実紐状又は中空紐状の撚紐又は編紐又は織紐で構成することもできる。 The drainage material 10 for a roadbed is manufactured by knitting a braided braid into a hollow braid using a total of 32 material cords 20 in which two material cords 20 are overlapped to form one set. However, although two material strings 20 are overlapped to form one set, the number of overlaps of one set of material strings 20 may be three or more, or one material string 20 may be left as it is without overlapping. It can also be used. The number of pairs of material strings 20 can be set to a number other than 16 pairs. The diameter of the drainage material 10 for the road bed can be adjusted to a diameter that is easy to hold by hand and is easy to construct by appropriately setting the number of pairs of material strings 20 and the number of overlaps of one set of material strings 20. . Further, the drainage material 10 for the roadbed is constituted by a hollow string-like braid knitted by weaving a plurality of sets of material strings 20, but the drainage material 10 for the roadbed is a solid string-shaped or hollow made of a plurality of sets of material strings 20. It can also be composed of a string-like twisted string, a braided string, or a woven string.

道床用排水材１０の素材紐２０は、図５に示すように、縦糸２１と横糸２２とを編成してなる帯状網部２３と、該帯状網部２３の横糸２２を側方へ突出してなる１対の側部繊維部２４と、帯状網部２３のほつれを防止すべく、帯状網部２３と側部繊維部２４の境界部に沿って形成した１対の縫製部２５とを備えており、道床用排水材１０の本体部１１は素材紐２０の帯状網部２３で形成され、道床用排水材１０の集水部１２及び通路保形部１３は素材紐２０の側部繊維部２４で形成される。ただし、側部繊維部２４は帯状網部２３の一側にのみ形成することも可能である。また、縫製部２５は省略することも可能である。 As shown in FIG. 5, the material string 20 of the drainage material 10 for a roadbed is formed by projecting a belt-like net portion 23 formed by knitting warp yarns 21 and weft yarns 22 and the weft yarns 22 of the belt-like net portion 23 to the side. A pair of side fiber portions 24 and a pair of sewing portions 25 formed along the boundary between the belt-like mesh portion 23 and the side fiber portions 24 are provided to prevent fraying of the belt-like mesh portion 23. The body part 11 of the roadbed drainage material 10 is formed by a belt-like net part 23 of the material string 20, and the water collecting part 12 and the passage shape retaining part 13 of the roadbed drainage material 10 are formed by the side fiber parts 24 of the material string 20. It is formed. However, the side fiber portion 24 can be formed only on one side of the belt-like net portion 23. Further, the sewing portion 25 can be omitted.

縦糸２１及び横糸２２の素材としては、ポリエステル、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリ塩化ビニル等の熱可塑性樹脂や、ガラス繊維をポリ塩化ビニルでコーティングした複合材料などを好適に採用できる。 As the material of the warp 21 and the weft 22, a thermoplastic resin such as polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, or a composite material in which glass fibers are coated with polyvinyl chloride can be suitably used.

側部繊維部２４の側方への突出長さは任意に設定できるが、短すぎると集水性が低下し、長すぎると製作コストが高くなったり通路保形部１３の通気性が低下りたりするので、５ｍｍ〜５０ｍｍ、好ましくは５ｍｍ〜３０ｍｍに設定することになる。また、両側の側部繊維部２４の長さは同じに設定することもできるが、異なる長さに設定することも可能である。更に、両側の側部繊維部２４の長さを異なる長さに構成する場合には、短い側と長い側の側部繊維部２４が重なるように、２枚の素材紐２０を重ね合わせて１組とし、これを複数組用いて道床用排水材１０を製作することもできる。 The lateral protrusion length of the side fiber portion 24 can be arbitrarily set. However, if the length is too short, the water collecting property is lowered. If the length is too long, the production cost is increased or the air permeability of the passage shape retaining portion 13 is lowered. Therefore, it is set to 5 mm to 50 mm, preferably 5 mm to 30 mm. Moreover, although the length of the side part fiber part 24 of both sides can also be set to the same, it is also possible to set to different length. Further, when the lengths of the side fiber portions 24 on both sides are configured to be different lengths, the two material strings 20 are overlapped so that the short side and the long side fiber portions 24 overlap each other. The roadbed drainage material 10 can also be manufactured using a plurality of sets.

素材紐２０は、新規に製作することもできるが、網戸用網を製作するときに発生する端材で構成することが好ましい。図６に示すように、網戸用網３０は、網の製作工場にて、縦糸３１と横糸３２とを編成して、例えば２００ｍをロール状に丸めたものを製作している。具体的には、網戸用網３０の品質向上及び品質安定のために、縦糸３１と横糸３２を編成して網戸用網３０を製作するときに、網戸用網３０から側方へ間隔をあけて、縦糸３１を密に配置させるとともに、該縦糸３１のほつれを防止する縫製部３４を設けた耳部３５が、網戸用網３０の両側部に形成されるように耳付編成網３３を製作し、耳付編成網３３の編成後に、該耳部３５を切断除去して、網戸用網３０を得るように構成している。従来、耳付編成網３３から切断除去した耳部３５は廃棄処分していたが、本発明では、このように廃棄処分していた網戸用網３０の端材としての耳部３５を有効活用して、道床用排水材１０を安価に製作できる。 Although the material string 20 can be newly produced, it is preferable that the material string 20 is composed of an end material generated when a screen door net is produced. As shown in FIG. 6, the screen door screen 30 is manufactured by knitting warp yarns 31 and weft yarns 32 in a net manufacturing factory, for example, by rolling 200 m into a roll. Specifically, in order to improve the quality of the screen door screen 30 and stabilize the quality, when the screen door screen 30 is produced by knitting the warp 31 and the weft yarn 32, the screen door screen 30 is spaced laterally. The knitting nets 33 with ears are manufactured so that the ears 35 provided with the sewing portions 34 for arranging the warp yarns 31 closely and preventing fraying of the warp yarns 31 are formed on both side portions of the screen door net 30. After the knitting net 33 with ears is knitted, the ear portion 35 is cut and removed to obtain a screen door net 30. Conventionally, the ear portion 35 cut and removed from the knitted net 33 with ears has been discarded, but in the present invention, the ear portion 35 as an end material of the screen door net 30 thus discarded is effectively used. Thus, the roadbed drainage material 10 can be manufactured at a low cost.

次に、道床１に対する道床用排水材１０の施工方法について、鉄道の道床１に対して道床用排水材１０を施工する場合を例示しながら説明する。 Next, the construction method of the roadbed drainage material 10 for the roadbed 1 will be described while exemplifying a case where the roadbed drainage material 10 is constructed for the railway roadbed 1.

図１に示す道床１は、鉄道の道床１であり、軌道方向に沿って施工した基礎盛土２と、基礎盛土２の上に敷設したバラスト３とを備えており、鉄道の軌道４は、道床１上に軌道方向に間隔をあけて軌道方向と直交状に複数の枕木５を設置し、枕木５上に相互に間隔をあけて軌道方向に沿って２本のレール６を設置することで形成されている。 A roadbed 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a railway roadbed 1, and includes a foundation embankment 2 constructed along a track direction and a ballast 3 laid on the foundation embankment 2. Formed by installing a plurality of sleepers 5 perpendicular to the track direction at intervals on the track 1 and installing two rails 6 along the track direction at intervals on the sleepers 5 Has been.

軌道４に道床用排水材１０を施工する際には、道床１のうちの噴泥現象の発生する部分に、道床１を横断するように基礎盛土２までバラスト３を掘り下げて設置用溝７を施工し、この設置用溝７内に１本乃至複数本の道床用排水材１０を、その両端部を設置用溝７から両側方へ突出させて基礎盛土２の両側に沿って下方へ延ばして配置するとともに、長さ方向の中央部が最も高い位置になるように、途中部を道床１の両側方へ向けて下り傾斜の傾斜状に設置して、設置用溝７にバラスト３を埋戻して施工することになる。なお、噴泥現象が広範囲にわたって発生している場合には、噴泥現象の発生している部分が含まれるように、道床１の長さ方向に間隔をあけて前記と同様にして道床１を横断するように道床用排水材１０を複数本並列状に施工したり、道床１を横断するように並列状に施工した複数本の道床用排水材１０を、道床１の長さ方向に施工した道床用排水材で連結したりすることもできる。 When constructing the drainage material 10 for the roadbed on the track 4, the ballast 3 is dug down to the foundation embankment 2 so as to cross the roadbed 1 in the portion of the roadbed 1 where the mud phenomenon occurs. 1 and a plurality of roadbed drainage materials 10 are installed in the installation groove 7 so that both ends of the drainage material 10 protrude from the installation groove 7 to both sides and extend downward along both sides of the foundation embankment 2. Place the ballast 3 back in the installation groove 7 by placing the middle part in a downward slope toward the both sides of the roadbed 1 so that the central part in the length direction is at the highest position. Will be installed. In addition, when the mud phenomenon has occurred over a wide range, the road bed 1 is spaced in the length direction of the road bed 1 in the same manner as described above so as to include the portion where the mud phenomenon occurs. A plurality of roadbed drainage materials 10 were installed in parallel to cross the roadbed, or a plurality of roadbed drainage materials 10 installed in parallel to cross the roadbed 1 were installed in the length direction of the roadbed 1. It can also be connected with drainage material for roadbed.

こうして、鉄道の道床１に道床用排水材１０を埋設施工すると、集水部１２を構成する繊維材が、本体部１１の周辺の土やバラスト３内へ伸びて配置されるので、道床１に侵入した水は、集水部１２の繊維材に沿って本体部１１に集められ、本体部１１を通じて矢印Ａで示すように、本体部１１の一端部又は両端部から外部へ排水されることになる。また、集水部１２を構成する繊維材により、集水部１２内への土や砂利などの侵入が抑制され、集水部１２に沿って外部に連通された隙間が形成されるので、集水部１２における通気性を向上して、集水部１２周辺の土やバラスト３の乾燥を促進できる。しかも、本体部１１を中空紐状に構成しているので、本体部１１内を通じて効率的な排水や通気が可能になるとともに、鉄道や道路や歩道などの道床１を通過する列車や車両や歩行者の荷重により本体部１１が圧縮されることによるポンピング作用で、本体部１１内の水や空気を本体部１１の端部側へ効率的に送り出すことができ、道床用排水材１０の周辺の排水性及び通気性を一層向上できるので、噴泥現象の発生を効果的に防止することができる。また、圧縮変形した本体部１１は、繊維材の弾性だけでも元の形状に復帰するが、本体部１１の内側に、本体部１１から内方へ突出する複数の繊維材からなる通路保形部１３が設けられているので、通路保形部１３を構成する繊維材の弾性によっても、圧縮変形した本体部１１が元の形状へ復帰することが促進され、変形状態が維持されることによる排水性や通気性の低下を防止できる。 Thus, when the drainage material 10 for the roadbed is buried in the roadbed 1 of the railway, the fiber material constituting the water collecting portion 12 is arranged so as to extend into the soil around the main body portion 11 and the ballast 3. The invaded water is collected in the main body part 11 along the fiber material of the water collecting part 12, and is drained to the outside from one end part or both end parts of the main body part 11 through the main body part 11 as indicated by an arrow A. Become. Further, the fiber material constituting the water collecting portion 12 suppresses the entry of soil, gravel, etc. into the water collecting portion 12, and a gap communicated to the outside along the water collecting portion 12 is formed. The air permeability in the water part 12 can be improved, and the drying of the soil and the ballast 3 around the water collection part 12 can be promoted. Moreover, since the main body portion 11 is formed in a hollow string shape, efficient drainage and ventilation can be performed through the main body portion 11, and a train, a vehicle, or a walk that passes through the road bed 1 such as a railroad, a road, or a sidewalk. The pumping action by compressing the main body part 11 by the load of the person can efficiently send out water and air in the main body part 11 to the end part side of the main body part 11, Since drainage and air permeability can be further improved, the occurrence of a mud phenomenon can be effectively prevented. Further, the compression-deformed main body part 11 returns to its original shape only by the elasticity of the fiber material, but inside the main body part 11, a channel shape retaining part made of a plurality of fiber materials projecting inward from the main body part 11. 13 is provided, and the elasticity of the fiber material constituting the passage shape retaining portion 13 promotes the return of the compression-deformed main body portion 11 to the original shape, and the drainage by maintaining the deformed state. Deterioration of air permeability and air permeability can be prevented.

このように、この道床用排水材１０では、本体部１１から外方へ突出する複数の繊維材からなる集水部１２を形成するとともに、本体部１１を中空紐状に形成するという簡単な構成で、本体部１１の直径を小さくして、道床用排水材１０を軽量且つ安価に構成しつつ、本体部１１と道床１との接触部分だけでなく、本体部１１付近の道床１の水を集水部１２により集めて効率的に排水できるので、道床用排水材１０による排水性を向上して、噴泥現象の発生を効果的に防止できる。 Thus, in this drainage material 10 for road beds, while forming the water collection part 12 which consists of a some fiber material which protrudes outward from the main-body part 11, the simple structure of forming the main-body part 11 in a hollow string shape. Thus, while reducing the diameter of the main body 11 and constructing the drainage material 10 for the road bed in a light and inexpensive manner, not only the contact portion between the main body 11 and the road bed 1 but also the water of the road bed 1 near the main body 11 can be used. Since the water can be collected and efficiently drained by the water collecting section 12, the drainage performance by the roadbed drainage 10 can be improved, and the occurrence of the mud phenomenon can be effectively prevented.

なお、本実施の形態では、本発明に係る道床用排水材１０を鉄道の軌道に適用した場合について説明したが、この道床用排水材１０は、道路や歩道等の道床に適用することもできる。 In this embodiment, the case where the roadbed drainage material 10 according to the present invention is applied to a railway track has been described. However, the roadbed drainage material 10 can also be applied to a roadbed such as a road or a sidewalk. .

以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は前述した実施形態に何ら限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲においてその構成を変更し得ることは勿論である。 The embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that the configuration can be changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

１道床
２基礎盛土
３バラスト
４軌道
５枕木
６レール
７設置用溝
１０道床用排水材
１１本体部
１２集水部
１３通路保形部
２０素材紐
２１縦糸
２２横糸
２３帯状網部
２４側部繊維部
２５縫製部
３０網戸用網
３１縦糸
３２横糸
３３耳付編成網
３４縫製部
３５耳部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Road bed 2 Foundation embankment 3 Ballast 4 Track 5 Sleeper 6 Rail 7 Installation groove 10 Road bed drainage 11 Main part 12 Water collecting part 13 Passage shape holding part 20 Material string 21 Warp thread 22 Weft 23 Band-like net part 24 Side fiber part 25 Sewing Part 30 Screen Door Screen 31 Warp Thread 32 Weft 33 Knitting Net 34 with Ears Sewing Part 35 Ears

Claims

道床に埋設施工される紐状の排水材であって、
繊維材からなる縦糸と横糸とを編成してなる帯状網部と、該帯状網部の横糸を側方へ突出してなる側部繊維部とを有する複数本の素材紐を用いて製作した、組紐又は撚紐又は編紐又は織紐からなり、
繊維材からなる透水性を有する紐状の本体部と、
前記本体部の外側に設けた、前記本体部から外方へ突出する複数の繊維材からなる集水部と、
を備えたことを特徴とする道床用排水材。 A string-shaped drainage material buried in the roadbed,
A braid produced by using a plurality of material strings having a belt-like net part formed by knitting warp yarns and weft yarns made of a fiber material, and side fiber parts formed by protruding the weft yarns of the belt-like net part sideways. Or a twisted string, a braided string or a woven string,
A string-shaped main body having water permeability made of a fiber material;
A water collecting portion comprising a plurality of fiber materials provided outside the main body portion and projecting outward from the main body portion;
A drainage material for a roadbed, characterized by comprising:

前記本体部を中空紐状に構成し、前記本体部の内側に、前記本体部から内方へ突出する複数の繊維材からなる通路保形部を設けた請求項１記載の道床用排水材。 The drainage material for a roadbed according to claim 1, wherein the main body portion is formed in a hollow string shape, and a passage retaining portion made of a plurality of fiber materials projecting inward from the main body portion is provided inside the main body portion.

前記素材紐を複数本重ね合わせて１組とした複数組の素材紐を用いて製作した、組紐又は撚紐又は編紐又は織紐からなる請求項１又は２記載の道床用排水材。 The drainage material for a roadbed according to claim 1 or 2 , comprising a braided cord, a twisted cord, a knitted cord, or a woven cord, which is manufactured using a plurality of sets of raw material cords obtained by superimposing a plurality of the material cords.

前記素材紐における帯状網部と側部繊維部の境界部に沿って、前記帯状網部のほつれを防止する縫製部を形成した請求項１〜３のいずれか１項記載の道床用排水材。 The drainage material for a roadbed according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a sewing portion for preventing fraying of the belt-like net portion is formed along a boundary portion between the belt-like net portion and the side fiber portion in the material string.

前記素材紐が、耳付編成網の両側部の耳部を切断除去して網戸用網を製作するときに発生する端材としての前記耳部からなる請求項１〜４のいずれか１項記載の道床用排水材。 The material string is according to any one of claims 1 to 4 consisting of the ears of the scraps generated when to cut off the ears of both sides of the ear with organizing network fabricating screens for network Drainage material for road beds.

道床に埋設施工される中空紐状の道床用排水材の製造方法であって、
縦糸と横糸とを編成してなる帯状網部と、該帯状網部から側方へ突出する横糸からなる側部繊維部とを有する素材紐を製作し、
前記素材紐を複数本用いて、中空紐状の組紐に編んで織り上げた、
ことを特徴とする道床用排水材の製造方法。 A method of manufacturing a hollow string-like drainage material for a roadbed that is embedded in the roadbed,
Producing a material string having a belt-like net part formed by knitting warps and wefts, and side fiber parts made of wefts protruding laterally from the belt-like net part,
Using a plurality of the material strings, weaved into a braided braided string,
A method for producing a drainage material for a roadbed, characterized in that.

前記素材紐を複数本重ね合わせて１組とした複数組の素材紐を用いて、中空紐状の組紐に編んで織り上げた請求項６記載の道床用排水材の製造方法。 The method for producing a drainage material for a roadbed according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of sets of material strings formed by overlapping a plurality of the material strings are knitted and woven into a braided braided string.

前記素材紐として、耳付編成網の両側部の耳部を切断除去して網戸用網を製作するときに発生する端材としての前記耳部を用いた請求項６又は７記載の道床用排水材の製造方法。 8. The drainage for a roadbed according to claim 6 or 7 , wherein the ear part is used as an end material generated when a net door net is produced by cutting and removing the ear part on both sides of the knitted net with ears as the material string. A method of manufacturing the material.