JP6324747B2 - Thermal storage material restraint structure, thermal storage reactor, and thermal storage system - Google Patents
Thermal storage material restraint structure, thermal storage reactor, and thermal storage system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 237
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Description
本発明は、蓄熱材拘束構造、蓄熱反応器、及び蓄熱システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a heat storage material restraint structure, a heat storage reactor, and a heat storage system.
特許文献１には、熱媒流路と、反応容器内に設けられた主管部と、反応容器内で主管部の両外側に設けられた支管部と、反応容器内で支管部の両外側に設けられた蓄熱材と、を有する蓄熱反応器が記載されている。特許文献１の蓄熱反応器では、ブロック状の蓄熱材が反応容器の内壁と接触している。 In Patent Document 1, a heat medium flow path, a main pipe portion provided in the reaction vessel, a branch pipe portion provided on both outer sides of the main pipe portion in the reaction vessel, and on both outer sides of the branch pipe portion in the reaction vessel are disclosed. A thermal storage reactor having a thermal storage material provided is described. In the heat storage reactor of Patent Document 1, a block-shaped heat storage material is in contact with the inner wall of the reaction vessel.
本発明は、蓄熱材を拘束する構成において、拘束枠に熱量が奪われるのを抑制することと蓄熱材の膨張を抑制することとを両立できる蓄熱材拘束構造、蓄熱反応器、及び蓄熱システムを得ることを目的とする。 The present invention provides a heat storage material constraining structure, a heat storage reactor, and a heat storage system that can both suppress the amount of heat from being deprived by the restraining frame and suppress the expansion of the heat storage material in a configuration in which the heat storage material is constrained. The purpose is to obtain.
第１態様に係る蓄熱材拘束構造は、反応媒体と結合して発熱及び前記反応媒体が脱離して蓄熱する蓄熱材を拘束し、断面が中空とされた拘束枠を有する。 The heat storage material constraining structure according to the first aspect includes a constraining frame that binds to a reaction medium and constrains the heat storage material that generates heat and stores the heat by desorption from the reaction medium, and has a hollow cross section.
上記構成によれば、拘束枠が蓄熱材を拘束するので、蓄熱材の膨張が抑制される。さらに、拘束枠が断面中空であり、同じ剛性で且つ中実のものと比べて熱容量が小さくなるので、拘束枠に熱量が奪われるのを抑制することと蓄熱材の膨張を抑制することとを両立できる。 According to the said structure, since a restraint frame restrains a thermal storage material, expansion | swelling of a thermal storage material is suppressed. Furthermore, since the restraint frame has a hollow cross section and has the same rigidity and a smaller heat capacity than the solid one, it is possible to suppress the amount of heat taken away by the restraint frame and to suppress the expansion of the heat storage material. Can be compatible.
第２態様に係る蓄熱材拘束構造は、前記拘束枠には、前記蓄熱材の周方向で接合部が形成されていない。 In the heat storage material restraint structure according to the second aspect , no joint is formed in the restraint frame in the circumferential direction of the heat storage material.
上記構成によれば、蓄熱材が膨張するとき、膨張方向に拘束枠の接合部が無いので、拘束枠の剛性の低い部位に蓄熱材の膨張力が作用することが抑制される。これにより、蓄熱材が膨張したときの拘束枠の変形を抑制することができる。 According to the said structure, when a thermal storage material expand | swells, since there is no junction part of a restraint frame in an expansion direction, it is suppressed that the expansion force of a thermal storage material acts on the site | part with a low rigidity of a restraint frame. Thereby, a deformation | transformation of the restraint frame when a thermal storage material expand | swells can be suppressed.
第３態様に係る蓄熱材拘束構造は、前記拘束枠は、第１接合部と第２接合部が接合される接合部を備え、前記蓄熱材には、第１側面と第２側面とで角部が形成され、前記接合部は、前記第１接合部における前記第１側面に沿った方向の前記蓄熱材よりも外側で、且つ前記第２接合部における前記第２側面に沿った方向の前記蓄熱材よりも外側の領域内に形成されている。 In the heat storage material restraint structure according to the third aspect , the restraint frame includes a joint portion where the first joint portion and the second joint portion are joined, and the heat storage material has an angle between the first side surface and the second side surface. A portion is formed, and the joint portion is outside the heat storage material in the direction along the first side surface in the first joint portion, and in the direction along the second side surface in the second joint portion. It is formed in a region outside the heat storage material.
上記構成によれば、角部を有する蓄熱材が膨張したときの膨張力は、蓄熱材の角部の側面と接触する拘束枠の一方の面と他方の面とに作用する。ここで、接合部が、膨張力が作用しにくい領域内に形成されているので、拘束枠の変形をさらに抑制することができる。 According to the said structure, the expansion force when the thermal storage material which has a corner | angular part expand | swells acts on the one surface of the restraint frame which contacts the side surface of the corner | angular part of a thermal storage material, and the other surface. Here, since the joining portion is formed in the region where the expansion force is difficult to act, deformation of the restraint frame can be further suppressed.
第４態様に係る蓄熱材拘束構造は、前記接合部の内側及び外側の少なくとも一方には、前記第１接合部及び前記第２接合部に固定された固定部材が設けられている。 In the heat storage material restraining structure according to the fourth aspect , at least one of the inside and the outside of the joint is provided with a fixing member fixed to the first joint and the second joint.
上記構成によれば、固定部材によって接合部が補強されるので、拘束枠の変形を抑制することができる。 According to the said structure, since a junction part is reinforced by a fixing member, a deformation | transformation of a restraint frame can be suppressed.
第５態様に係る蓄熱材拘束構造は、前記拘束枠は、前記蓄熱材の側面に沿って平面が配置された角筒材である。 In the heat storage material restraint structure according to the fifth aspect , the restraint frame is a rectangular tube material in which a flat surface is disposed along a side surface of the heat storage material.
上記構成によれば、蓄熱材の膨張力を拘束枠の平面で受けて抵抗するので、拘束枠の一部に蓄熱材の膨張力が集中することが抑制される。これにより、拘束枠の変形を抑制することができる。 According to the above configuration, since the expansion force of the heat storage material is received and resisted by the plane of the restraint frame, the expansion force of the heat storage material is suppressed from being concentrated on a part of the restraint frame. Thereby, a deformation | transformation of a restraint frame can be suppressed.
第６態様に係る蓄熱材拘束構造は、複数の前記角筒材が前記蓄熱材の厚さ方向に重ねられると共に接合され、複数の前記角筒材の接触する部位の前記厚さ方向における高さが、前記蓄熱材の厚さ方向の中央部の高さと揃えられている。 In the heat storage material restraining structure according to the sixth aspect , a plurality of the rectangular tube materials are stacked and joined in the thickness direction of the heat storage material, and the heights of the portions in contact with the plurality of the rectangular tube materials are in the thickness direction. However, it is aligned with the height of the central portion in the thickness direction of the heat storage material.
上記構成によれば、蓄熱材の膨張力が最も大きくなる厚さ方向の中央部に、拘束枠の剛性の高い部位が配置されているので、拘束枠の変形を抑制することができる。 According to the above configuration, since the portion with high rigidity of the restraint frame is arranged in the central portion in the thickness direction where the expansion force of the heat storage material is maximized, deformation of the restraint frame can be suppressed.
第７態様に係る蓄熱材拘束構造は、前記拘束枠は、前記蓄熱材側に配置され前記蓄熱材の膨張方向と交差する交差方向に沿った平面部と、前記蓄熱材側とは反対側に配置され前記平面部とは異なる外形の非平面部とを有する。 In the heat storage material restraint structure according to the seventh aspect , the restraint frame is disposed on the heat storage material side and is on a side opposite to the heat storage material side along a plane portion along an intersecting direction intersecting the expansion direction of the heat storage material. And a non-planar portion having an outer shape different from the planar portion.
上記構成によれば、矩形状の断面を有するものに比べて断面２次モーメントが大きくなるので、拘束枠の変形を抑制することができる。 According to the above configuration, since the second moment of section is larger than that having a rectangular cross section, deformation of the restraint frame can be suppressed.
第８態様に係る蓄熱材拘束構造は、前記非平面部が、前記蓄熱材側とは反対側に凸となる湾曲部である。 In the heat storage material restraining structure according to the eighth aspect , the non-planar portion is a curved portion that protrudes on the opposite side to the heat storage material side.
上記構成によれば、矩形状の断面を有するものに比べて断面２次モーメントが大きくなるので、拘束枠の変形を抑制することができる。 According to the above configuration, since the second moment of section is larger than that having a rectangular cross section, deformation of the restraint frame can be suppressed.
第９態様に係る蓄熱材拘束構造は、前記非平面部は、前記蓄熱材の厚さ方向の中央を通り前記蓄熱材の膨張方向に沿った線を中心として線対称形状である。 In the heat storage material constraining structure according to the ninth aspect , the non-planar portion has a line-symmetric shape with a line passing through the center in the thickness direction of the heat storage material along the expansion direction of the heat storage material.
上記構成によれば、拘束枠の剛性が厚さ方向の一方側と他方側で均等になるので、蓄熱材が膨張したとき、膨張力を拘束枠に対して均等に作用させることができる。 According to the said structure, since the rigidity of a restraint frame becomes equal on the one side and other side of a thickness direction, when a thermal storage material expand | swells, an expansion force can be made to act equally with respect to a restraint frame.
第１０態様に係る蓄熱材拘束構造は、前記拘束枠の対向する部位には、ワイヤーが架設されている。 In the heat storage material restraining structure according to the tenth aspect , a wire is constructed at a portion facing the restraining frame.
上記構成によれば、ワイヤーの張力が引張力となって蓄熱材の膨張力に抵抗するので、拘束枠の変形を抑制することができる。 According to the said structure, since the tension | tensile_strength of a wire becomes a tensile force and resists the expansion force of a thermal storage material, a deformation | transformation of a restraint frame can be suppressed.
第１１態様に係る蓄熱材拘束構造は、前記拘束枠の対向する部位には、板材の両端部が固定されている。 In the heat storage material restraining structure according to the eleventh aspect , both end portions of the plate material are fixed to the opposing portions of the restraining frame.
上記構成によれば、板材が膨張力に抵抗するので、拘束枠の変形を抑制することができる。 According to the said structure, since a board | plate material resists expansion force, a deformation | transformation of a restraint frame can be suppressed.
第１２態様に係る蓄熱材拘束構造は、前記拘束枠は、金属製である。 In the heat storage material restraint structure according to the twelfth aspect , the restraint frame is made of metal.
上記構成によれば、拘束枠が金属製であるので、非金属製に比べて拘束枠の変形を抑制することができる。 According to the above configuration, since the restraint frame is made of metal, deformation of the restraint frame can be suppressed as compared to non-metal.
第１３態様に係る蓄熱材拘束構造は、前記拘束枠は、非金属製である。 In the heat storage material restraint structure according to the thirteenth aspect , the restraint frame is made of a non-metal.
上記構成によれば、拘束枠が非金属製であるので、金属製に比べて熱伝導率を抑制して断熱効率を上げることができる。 According to the above configuration, since the restraint frame is made of a non-metal, the thermal conductivity can be suppressed and the heat insulation efficiency can be increased as compared with a metal frame.
第１４態様に係る蓄熱反応器は、第１態様から第１３態様のいずれか１つに記載の蓄熱材拘束構造と、反応媒体と結合して発熱及び前記反応媒体が脱離して蓄熱する前記蓄熱材と、前記反応媒体が流れる流路部と、前記蓄熱材に対する熱供給及び熱回収の少なくとも一方を行う熱交換部と、前記拘束枠、前記蓄熱材、前記流路部、及び前記熱交換部が封入され、前記反応媒体が内部に供給される容器と、を有する。 Heat storage reactor according to the fourteenth embodiment, the heat storage and heat storage material confinement structure according to the first aspect one of the thirteenth aspect, which combine with the reaction medium exothermic and the reaction medium is thermal storage desorbed A heat exchange part that performs at least one of heat supply and heat recovery to the heat storage material, the restraint frame, the heat storage material, the flow path part, and the heat exchange part. And a container into which the reaction medium is supplied.
上記構成によれば、蓄熱材拘束構造において拘束枠に熱量が奪われることが抑制されるので、請求項１に記載の蓄熱材拘束構造を有していない構成に比べて、蓄熱反応器の熱効率の低下を抑制することができる。 According to the said structure, since it is suppressed that the amount of heat is taken to the restraint frame in the heat storage material restraint structure, compared with the structure which does not have the heat storage material restraint structure of Claim 1, the thermal efficiency of a heat storage reactor. Can be suppressed.
第１５態様に係る蓄熱システムは、第１４態様に記載の蓄熱反応器と、前記容器に気密状態で連通され、液相の媒体を蒸発させて気相の反応媒体を前記容器に供給する蒸発部と、を有する。 A heat storage system according to a fifteenth aspect includes a heat storage reactor according to the fourteenth aspect and an evaporation unit that is in airtight communication with the container, evaporates a liquid-phase medium, and supplies a vapor-phase reaction medium to the container And having.
上記構成によれば、蓄熱反応器の熱効率の低下が抑制されるので、蓄熱システムの熱効率の低下を抑制することができる。 According to the said structure, since the fall of the thermal efficiency of a thermal storage reactor is suppressed, the fall of the thermal efficiency of a thermal storage system can be suppressed.
本発明は、上記構成としたので、蓄熱材を拘束する構成において、拘束枠に熱量が奪われるのを抑制することと蓄熱材の膨張を抑制することとを両立することができる。 Since this invention set it as the said structure, in the structure which restrains a thermal storage material, it can be compatible with suppressing the expansion | swelling of a thermal storage material, suppressing suppression of the amount of heat to a restraint frame.
[第１実施形態]
本発明の第１実施形態に係る蓄熱材拘束構造、蓄熱反応器、及び蓄熱システムの一例について説明する。
[First embodiment]
An example of the heat storage material restraint structure, the heat storage reactor, and the heat storage system according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
図１には、第１実施形態の一例としての蓄熱システム１０の概略構成が示されている。蓄熱システム１０は、蒸発部の一例としての蒸発凝縮器１２と、蓄熱反応器の一例としての反応器２０と、を有している。蒸発凝縮器１２では、媒体の一例としての水Ｗａ（Ｈ２Ｏ）の蒸発、凝縮が行われる。反応器２０では、後述する蓄熱材４４（図４参照）の水和反応又は脱水反応が行われる。さらに、蓄熱システム１０は、蒸発凝縮器１２及び反応器２０に接続され、これらの内部を連通させる水蒸気流路１４を有している。なお、本実施形態では一例として、蓄熱システム１０を自動車（図示省略）に適用している。 FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a heat storage system 10 as an example of the first embodiment. The heat storage system 10 includes an evaporation condenser 12 as an example of an evaporation unit, and a reactor 20 as an example of a heat storage reactor. In the evaporative condenser 12, water Wa (H 2 O) as an example of the medium is evaporated and condensed. In the reactor 20, a hydration reaction or a dehydration reaction of a heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 4) described later is performed. Furthermore, the heat storage system 10 has a water vapor flow path 14 that is connected to the evaporative condenser 12 and the reactor 20 and communicates the inside thereof. In the present embodiment, as an example, the heat storage system 10 is applied to an automobile (not shown).
〔蒸発凝縮器〕
蒸発凝縮器１２は、貯留した水Ｗａを蒸発させて反応器２０に供給する蒸発部、反応器２０から導入された反応媒体の一例としての水蒸気Ｗｂを凝縮する凝縮部、及び水蒸気Ｗｂが凝縮された水Ｗａを貯留する貯留部としての各機能を兼ね備えている。
[Evaporation condenser]
The evaporation condenser 12 evaporates the stored water Wa and supplies it to the reactor 20, a condensation unit that condenses the water vapor Wb as an example of the reaction medium introduced from the reactor 20, and the water vapor Wb is condensed. Each function as a reservoir for storing water Wa.
また、蒸発凝縮器１２は、内部に水Ｗａを貯留した貯留容器１６を有している。貯留容器１６内には、水蒸気Ｗｂの凝縮用の冷媒が流れる冷媒流路１７及び水Ｗａの蒸発用のヒータ１８が設けられている。冷媒流路１７は、貯留容器１６内における少なくとも気相部１６Ａを含む部分で熱交換を行うように設けられている。ヒータ１８は、貯留容器１６内における少なくとも液相部（貯留部）１６Ｂを含む部分で通電により水Ｗａの加熱を行うように設けられている。 Moreover, the evaporative condenser 12 has the storage container 16 which stored water Wa inside. In the storage container 16, a refrigerant flow path 17 through which a refrigerant for condensing the water vapor Wb flows and a heater 18 for evaporating the water Wa are provided. The refrigerant channel 17 is provided so as to perform heat exchange in a portion including at least the gas phase portion 16 </ b> A in the storage container 16. The heater 18 is provided so as to heat the water Wa by energization in a part including at least the liquid phase part (reservoir part) 16 </ b> B in the storage container 16.
水蒸気流路１４には、蒸発凝縮器１２（貯留容器１６）と反応器２０（後述する反応容器２２）との連通、非連通を切り替えるための開閉弁１９が設けられている。貯留容器１６、反応容器２２、水蒸気流路１４、及び開閉弁１９は、互いの接続部位が気密に構成されており、これらの内部空間が予め真空脱気されている。 The water vapor channel 14 is provided with an on-off valve 19 for switching between communication and non-communication between the evaporation condenser 12 (storage container 16) and the reactor 20 (reaction container 22 described later). The storage container 16, the reaction container 22, the water vapor flow path 14, and the on-off valve 19 are configured such that their connecting portions are airtight, and their internal spaces are pre-evacuated in advance.
〔反応器〕
次に、反応器２０について説明する。
[Reactor]
Next, the reactor 20 will be described.
図３に示すように、反応器２０は、水蒸気Ｗｂが内部に供給される容器の一例としての反応容器２２と、反応容器２２内に封入された蓄熱ユニット３０、３２と、蓄熱ユニット３０、３２を拘束する拘束部６２とを有している。 As shown in FIG. 3, the reactor 20 includes a reaction vessel 22 as an example of a vessel to which water vapor Wb is supplied, heat storage units 30 and 32 enclosed in the reaction vessel 22, and heat storage units 30 and 32. And a restraining portion 62 that restrains the.
なお、以後の説明では、反応器２０を正面視して、水平方向をＸ方向、Ｘ方向と直交する鉛直方向をＹ方向、Ｘ方向及びＹ方向と直交する奥行き方向をＺ方向と記載する。また、Ｘ方向、Ｙ方向、及びＺ方向について、一方側と他方側を区別する場合は、左側を−Ｘ側、右側を＋Ｘ側、上側を＋Ｙ側、下側を−Ｙ側、奥側を＋Ｚ側、手前側を−Ｚ側と記載する。さらに、反応容器２２から水蒸気流路１４への水蒸気Ｗｂの流出方向をＡ方向、水蒸気流路１４から反応容器２２への水蒸気Ｗｂの流入方向をＢ方向と記載する。 In the following description, the reactor 20 is viewed from the front, the horizontal direction is referred to as the X direction, the vertical direction orthogonal to the X direction is referred to as the Y direction, and the depth direction orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction is referred to as the Z direction. Also, when distinguishing one side from the other in the X, Y, and Z directions, the left side is -X side, the right side is + X side, the upper side is + Y side, the lower side is -Y side, and the back side is The + Z side and the near side are described as the -Z side. Furthermore, the outflow direction of the water vapor Wb from the reaction vessel 22 to the water vapor channel 14 is described as A direction, and the inflow direction of the water vapor Wb from the water vapor channel 14 into the reaction vessel 22 is described as B direction.
＜反応容器＞
図２（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、反応容器２２は、一例として、Ｙ方向（図３参照）に見て四角形の直方体状容器となっている。また、図３に示すように、反応容器２２の側壁のＹ方向中央の一部には、水蒸気流路１４の一端が接続されている。なお、反応容器２２は、２つの部位に分割されており、蓄熱ユニット３０、３２を内側に配置した後、２つの部位の接合部（図示省略）で接合（溶接）を行うことで、内部に蓄熱ユニット３０、３２が封入されるようになっている。
<Reaction vessel>
As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the reaction vessel 22 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped vessel as viewed in the Y direction (see FIG. 3). Further, as shown in FIG. 3, one end of the water vapor channel 14 is connected to a part of the center of the side wall of the reaction vessel 22 in the Y direction. The reaction vessel 22 is divided into two parts. After the heat storage units 30 and 32 are arranged on the inner side, the reaction container 22 is joined (welded) at the joints (not shown) at the two parts, so that The heat storage units 30 and 32 are enclosed.
＜蓄熱ユニット＞
図３に示すように、蓄熱ユニット３０、３２は、反応容器２２内でＹ方向に重ねられている。なお、蓄熱ユニット３０、３２は、同じ構成となっている。このため、蓄熱ユニット３０の構成部材について説明し、蓄熱ユニット３２の構成部材については、蓄熱ユニット３０と同じ符号を付与して説明を省略する。また、本実施形態では、一例として、蓄熱ユニット３０、３２が、本体部２３内において後述する配管５７Ａ、５７Ｂによって吊り下げられた状態となっており、反応容器２２とは非接触となっている。
<Heat storage unit>
As shown in FIG. 3, the heat storage units 30 and 32 are stacked in the Y direction in the reaction vessel 22. The heat storage units 30 and 32 have the same configuration. For this reason, the structural member of the heat storage unit 30 is demonstrated, about the structural member of the heat storage unit 32, the same code | symbol as the heat storage unit 30 is provided and description is abbreviate | omitted. In the present embodiment, as an example, the heat storage units 30 and 32 are suspended by piping 57A and 57B, which will be described later, in the main body 23, and are not in contact with the reaction vessel 22. .
蓄熱ユニット３０は、水蒸気Ｗｂが流れる流路部３６と、フィルタ３９と、蓄熱材拘束部４２と、蓄熱材拘束部４２に対する熱供給及び熱回収の少なくとも一方を行う熱交換部５２と、を有している。また、蓄熱ユニット３０では、熱交換部５２、蓄熱材拘束部４２、フィルタ３９、及び流路部３６が、−Ｙ側から＋Ｙ側へ向けて、この順番で積層されている。即ち、本実施形態では、Ｙ方向がこれらの積層方向となっており、流路部３６がＹ方向における蓄熱材拘束部４２の＋Ｙ側に配置され、熱交換部５２が蓄熱材拘束部４２の−Ｙ側に配置されている。 The heat storage unit 30 includes a flow path portion 36 through which the water vapor Wb flows, a filter 39, a heat storage material restraint portion 42, and a heat exchange portion 52 that performs at least one of heat supply and heat recovery to the heat storage material restraint portion 42. doing. Moreover, in the heat storage unit 30, the heat exchange part 52, the heat storage material restraint part 42, the filter 39, and the flow path part 36 are laminated | stacked in this order toward -Y side from -Y side. That is, in this embodiment, the Y direction is the stacking direction, the flow path portion 36 is disposed on the + Y side of the heat storage material restraining portion 42 in the Y direction, and the heat exchange portion 52 is the heat storage material restraining portion 42. It is arranged on the −Y side.
（流路部）
流路部３６は、Ｚ方向を長手方向、Ｙ方向を短手方向とする矩形状で複数の板材３６Ａを有している。複数の板材３６Ａは、Ｚ方向に沿うと共にＸ方向に複数並んでいる。これにより、複数の板材３６Ａの間が、水蒸気Ｗｂが流れる流路となっている。なお、複数の板材３６Ａは、フィルタ３９の＋Ｙ側の面上に載せられる。
(Flow path part)
The flow path part 36 has a rectangular shape with the Z direction as the longitudinal direction and the Y direction as the short direction, and has a plurality of plate members 36A. The plurality of plate materials 36A are arranged in the X direction and along the Z direction. Thereby, between the some board | plate materials 36A becomes the flow path through which the water vapor | steam Wb flows. The plurality of plate members 36A are placed on the surface of the filter 39 on the + Y side.
（フィルタ）
フィルタ３９は、１枚の板状に形成された単体の金属箔で構成されており、一例として、ステンレス箔が用いられている。また、フィルタ３９には、Ｙ方向を軸方向として貫通した断面円形の複数の貫通孔（図示省略）が形成されている。この複数の貫通孔の直径は、一例として、後述する蓄熱材４４（図４参照）を構成する蓄熱粒子（図示省略）の平均粒子径の５倍以下で設定されている。
(filter)
The filter 39 is composed of a single metal foil formed in a single plate shape, and stainless steel foil is used as an example. Further, the filter 39 is formed with a plurality of through holes (not shown) having a circular cross section penetrating with the Y direction as the axial direction. As an example, the diameters of the plurality of through holes are set to be not more than 5 times the average particle diameter of heat storage particles (not shown) constituting a heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 4) described later.
（熱交換部）
熱交換部５２は、Ｘ−Ｚ面に沿って広がる扁平な直方体状の熱媒容器５４内に、Ｘ方向を長手方向とする複数の板材（図示省略）がＺ方向に間隔をあけて配置されている。そして、熱交換部５２内には、内部に熱媒体が流れる配管５７Ａ、５７Ｂを介して、熱媒体が流れるようになっている。熱媒体は、蓄熱材４４（図４参照）から得た熱を加熱対象に輸送するためのものであり、本実施形態では、一例として、高温熱媒オイルを用いている。なお、高温熱媒オイルの一例として、自動車（図示省略）のエンジンオイルを用いることができる。また、熱媒体の他の例として、水等の流体を用いてもよい。
(Heat exchange part)
In the heat exchanging portion 52, a plurality of plate members (not shown) whose longitudinal direction is the X direction are arranged in the Z direction at intervals in a flat rectangular heat medium container 54 extending along the XZ plane. ing. And in the heat exchange part 52, a heat medium flows through piping 57A, 57B through which a heat medium flows. The heat medium is for transporting heat obtained from the heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 4) to the object to be heated. In the present embodiment, high-temperature heat medium oil is used as an example. In addition, as an example of the high-temperature heat medium oil, engine oil of an automobile (not shown) can be used. Further, as another example of the heat medium, a fluid such as water may be used.
（拘束部）
拘束部６２は、Ｙ方向で蓄熱ユニット３０、３２の＋Ｙ側、−Ｙ側に配置された筒部材６３、６４と、筒部材６３、６４を連結するボルト６８及びナット（図示省略）とを有する。筒部材６３、６４は、一例として、複数の筒材がＹ方向に見て格子状に溶接された構成となっている。
(Restraining part)
The restraint portion 62 includes cylindrical members 63 and 64 disposed on the + Y side and the −Y side of the heat storage units 30 and 32 in the Y direction, and bolts 68 and nuts (not shown) that connect the cylindrical members 63 and 64. . As an example, the cylindrical members 63 and 64 have a configuration in which a plurality of cylindrical materials are welded in a lattice shape when viewed in the Y direction.
（蓄熱材拘束部）
図４に示すように、蓄熱材拘束部４２は、蓄熱材４４と、蓄熱材４４を拘束する蓄熱材拘束構造の一例としての拘束枠１００とを有している。
(Heat storage material restraint part)
As shown in FIG. 4, the heat storage material restraining portion 42 includes a heat storage material 44 and a restraint frame 100 as an example of a heat storage material restraining structure that restrains the heat storage material 44.
蓄熱材４４は、一例として、Ｘ−Ｚ面に沿って広がる扁平な直方体（ブロック）状に形成された４つの蓄熱部材４４Ａ、４４Ｂ、４４Ｃ、４４Ｄで構成されている。即ち、蓄熱材４４の厚さ方向がＹ方向となっている。また、蓄熱材４４は、一例として、図６に示す角部４４Ｋを４つ有している。角部４４Ｋは、蓄熱材の第１側面４４Ｅと第２側面４４Ｆとで形成される部位である。 As an example, the heat storage material 44 includes four heat storage members 44 </ b> A, 44 </ b> B, 44 </ b> C, and 44 </ b> D formed in a flat rectangular parallelepiped (block) shape extending along the XZ plane. That is, the thickness direction of the heat storage material 44 is the Y direction. Moreover, the heat storage material 44 has four corner | angular parts 44K shown in FIG. 6 as an example. The corner portion 44K is a portion formed by the first side surface 44E and the second side surface 44F of the heat storage material.
さらに、蓄熱材４４は、一例として、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物の１つである酸化カルシウム（ＣａＯ）の成形体が用いられている。この成形体は、例えば、酸化カルシウム粉体をバインダ（例えば粘土鉱物等）と混練し、焼成することで形成されている。加えて、蓄熱材４４は、フィルタ３９（図３参照）に密着した状態で配置されている。 Furthermore, as the heat storage material 44, for example, a molded body of calcium oxide (CaO), which is one of alkaline earth metal oxides, is used. This molded body is formed, for example, by kneading calcium oxide powder with a binder (for example, clay mineral) and firing. In addition, the heat storage material 44 is disposed in close contact with the filter 39 (see FIG. 3).
また、蓄熱材４４は、図３に示す反応器２０において、水蒸気Ｗｂと結合する水和に伴って発熱（放熱）し、水蒸気Ｗｂが脱離する脱水に伴って蓄熱（吸熱）するものである。そして、反応器２０内では、以下に示す反応で放熱、蓄熱を可逆的に繰り返し得る構成とされている。
ＣａＯ ＋ Ｈ２Ｏ ⇔ Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２
この式に蓄熱量Ｑ、発熱量Ｑを併せて示すと、
ＣａＯ ＋ Ｈ２Ｏ → Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２ ＋ Ｑ
Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２ ＋ Ｑ → ＣａＯ ＋ Ｈ２Ｏ
となる。なお、蓄熱材４４の１ｋｇ当たりの蓄熱容量は、一例として、１．８６［ＭＪ／ｋｇ］とされている。
Further, in the reactor 20 shown in FIG. 3, the heat storage material 44 generates heat (radiates heat) with hydration combined with the water vapor Wb, and stores heat (heat absorption) with dehydration from which the water vapor Wb is desorbed. . And in reactor 20, it is set as the structure which can reversibly repeat heat dissipation and heat storage by reaction shown below.
CaO + H 2 O Ｃａ Ca (OH) 2
When the heat storage amount Q and the heat generation amount Q are shown together in this equation,
CaO + H 2 O → Ca (OH) 2 + Q
Ca (OH) 2 + Q → CaO + H 2 O
It becomes. In addition, the heat storage capacity per 1 kg of the heat storage material 44 is set to 1.86 [MJ / kg] as an example.
次に、拘束枠１００について説明する。 Next, the restraint frame 100 will be described.
図５（Ａ）に示すように、拘束枠１００は、一例として、ステンレス鋼製であり、第１接合部の一例としての４本の角筒材１０２と、第２接合部の一例としての４本の角筒材１０４と、１本の仕切材１０６と、２本の仕切材１０８とが溶接により固定された構成となっている。即ち、拘束枠１００は、軸方向と交差する断面が中空構造とされている。 As shown in FIG. 5A, the restraint frame 100 is made of stainless steel as an example, and four rectangular tube materials 102 as an example of the first joint part and 4 as an example of the second joint part. The rectangular tube member 104, one partition member 106, and two partition members 108 are fixed by welding. That is, the constraining frame 100 has a hollow structure that crosses the axial direction.
角筒材１０２は、幅及び高さがｄであり、軸方向の最大長さがＬ１とされている。また、角筒材１０２は、Ｘ方向を軸方向として、＋Ｚ側に２本、−Ｚ側に２本配置されている。各２本の角筒材１０２は、各側面がＹ方向に沿って揃うように重ねられ、−Ｙ側の角筒材１０２の上面と＋Ｙ側の角筒材１０２の下面とを接触させた状態で溶接され、一体化されている。さらに、角筒材１０２は、軸方向の両端部が平面視（Ｙ方向視）で斜め４５[°]に切断されることで形成された２箇所の接合面１０２Ａ（図６参照）を有している。 The square tube member 102 has a width and height of d and a maximum axial length of L1. Further, two rectangular tubes 102 are arranged on the + Z side and two on the −Z side, with the X direction as the axial direction. Each of the two square tube members 102 are stacked such that the side surfaces are aligned along the Y direction, and the upper surface of the -Y side square tube member 102 and the lower surface of the + Y side square tube member 102 are in contact with each other. Is welded and integrated. Furthermore, the square tube member 102 has two joint surfaces 102A (see FIG. 6) formed by cutting both end portions in the axial direction at an angle of 45 [°] in plan view (viewed in the Y direction). ing.
角筒材１０４は、幅及び高さがｄであり、軸方向の最大長さがＬ２（＜Ｌ１）とされている。また、角筒材１０４は、Ｚ方向を軸方向として、＋Ｘ側に２本、−Ｘ側に２本配置されている。各２本の角筒材１０４は、各側面がＹ方向に沿って揃うように重ねられ、−Ｙ側の角筒材１０４の上面と＋Ｙ側の角筒材１０４の下面とを接触させた状態で溶接され、一体化されている。さらに、角筒材１０４は、軸方向の両端部が平面視（Ｙ方向視）で斜め４５[°]に切断されることで形成された２箇所の接合面１０４Ａ（図６参照）を有している。 The square tube member 104 has a width and height of d and a maximum axial length of L2 (<L1). Further, two square tube members 104 are arranged on the + X side and two on the −X side with the Z direction as the axial direction. Each of the two square tube members 104 is overlapped so that each side surface is aligned along the Y direction, and the upper surface of the −Y side square tube member 104 and the lower surface of the + Y side square tube member 104 are in contact with each other. Is welded and integrated. Furthermore, the square tube member 104 has two joint surfaces 104A (see FIG. 6) formed by cutting both end portions in the axial direction at an angle of 45 ° in plan view (viewed in the Y direction). ing.
仕切材１０６は、一例として、Ｘ方向の幅がｄ、Ｙ方向の高さが２ｄの角筒材であり、軸方向（Ｚ方向）の長さがＬ２−２ｄとされている。仕切材１０８は、一例として、Ｚ方向の幅がｄ、Ｙ方向の高さが２ｄの角筒材であり、軸方向（Ｘ方向）の長さが（Ｌ１−３ｄ）／２とされている。また、仕切材１０８は、Ｘ方向を軸方向として、仕切材１０６の＋Ｘ側、−Ｘ側に１本ずつ配置されている。 As an example, the partition member 106 is a rectangular tube material having a width in the X direction of d and a height of 2d in the Y direction, and a length in the axial direction (Z direction) of L2-2d. As an example, the partition material 108 is a rectangular tube material whose width in the Z direction is d and whose height in the Y direction is 2d, and the length in the axial direction (X direction) is (L1-3d) / 2. . Further, one partition member 108 is disposed on each of the + X side and the −X side of the partition member 106 with the X direction as the axial direction.
図６に示すように、拘束枠１００では、角筒材１０２の接合面１０２Ａと、角筒材１０４の接合面１０４Ａとを接触させ、これらが接合（溶接）されることで、拘束枠１００の接合部１１０が４箇所形成されている。蓄熱材４４の角部４４Ｋの二等分線をＭとすると、接合面１０２Ａ、１０４Ａは、二等分線Ｍに沿うと共に二等分線Ｍ上に位置している。二等分線Ｍは、角部４４Ｋを平面視して、一方の角度θ１と他方の角度θ２とが等しくなるように角部４４Ｋを分割する線である。 As shown in FIG. 6, in the restraint frame 100, the joint surface 102 </ b> A of the square tube member 102 and the joint surface 104 </ b> A of the square tube member 104 are brought into contact with each other, and these are joined (welded). Four joint portions 110 are formed. When the bisector of the corner portion 44K of the heat storage material 44 is M, the joint surfaces 102A and 104A are located along the bisector M and on the bisector M. The bisector M is a line that divides the corner 44K so that one angle θ1 is equal to the other angle θ2 when the corner 44K is viewed in plan.
ここで、接合部１１０は、角筒材１０２における第１側面４４Ｅに沿った方向（一例としてＸ方向）の蓄熱材４４よりも外側で、且つ角筒材１０４における第２側面４４Ｆに沿った方向（一例としてＺ方向）の蓄熱材４４よりも外側の領域Ｓ内に形成されている。 Here, the joining portion 110 is outside the heat storage material 44 in the direction along the first side surface 44E in the rectangular tube material 102 (for example, the X direction), and in the direction along the second side surface 44F in the rectangular tube material 104. It is formed in the region S outside the heat storage material 44 (in the Z direction as an example).
また、図５（Ａ）に示すように、角筒材１０２と角筒材１０４が接合された後、角筒材１０２及び角筒材１０４の内側に仕切材１０６及び仕切材１０８が十字状に配置されて空間を仕切ることで、拘束枠１００が形成される。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5A, after the square tube member 102 and the square tube member 104 are joined, the partition member 106 and the partition member 108 are formed in a cross shape inside the square tube member 102 and the square tube member 104. The constraint frame 100 is formed by arranging and partitioning the space.
図５（Ｂ）に示すように、拘束枠１００は、蓄熱材４４の第１側面４４Ｅ、第２側面４４Ｆに沿って平面１０３（内側面）が配置されている。また、上下の角筒材１０２が接合された部位、及び上下の角筒材１０４が接合された部位である中間接合部１０５は、Ｙ方向における蓄熱材４４の中央部と対向配置されている。即ち、各２本の角筒材１０２、１０４の接触する部位のＹ方向における高さが、蓄熱材４４の厚さ方向の中央部の高さと揃えられている。 As shown in FIG. 5B, the restraint frame 100 has a flat surface 103 (inner side surface) disposed along the first side surface 44E and the second side surface 44F of the heat storage material 44. In addition, a portion where the upper and lower rectangular tube members 102 are joined and an intermediate joint portion 105 which is a portion where the upper and lower rectangular tube members 104 are joined are disposed to face the central portion of the heat storage material 44 in the Y direction. That is, the height in the Y direction of the portion where the two square tube members 102 and 104 are in contact with each other is aligned with the height of the central portion of the heat storage material 44 in the thickness direction.
次に、第１実施形態の作用について説明する。 Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.
図８（Ａ）に示すように、蓄熱システム１０において反応器２０に蓄熱された熱を放熱する際には、開閉弁１９を開放した状態で、蒸発凝縮器１２のヒータ１８により液相部１６Ｂの水Ｗａを蒸発させる。そして、生成された水蒸気Ｗｂが、水蒸気流路１４内を矢印Ｂ方向に移動して反応器２０内に供給される。 As shown in FIG. 8A, when the heat stored in the reactor 20 is dissipated in the heat storage system 10, the liquid phase portion 16B is opened by the heater 18 of the evaporation condenser 12 with the on-off valve 19 opened. Of water Wa. Then, the generated water vapor Wb moves in the water vapor flow path 14 in the direction of arrow B and is supplied into the reactor 20.
続いて、図３に示すように、反応器２０内では、供給された水蒸気Ｗｂが、蓄熱ユニット３０の流路部３６内、及び蓄熱ユニット３２の流路部３６内を流れる。そして、各流路部３６内の水蒸気Ｗｂが、フィルタ３９を通って各蓄熱材４４（図４参照）と接触することにより、蓄熱材４４は、水和反応を生じつつ放熱する。この熱は、熱交換部５２内を流れる高温熱媒オイルによって、加熱対象に輸送される。 Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3, in the reactor 20, the supplied water vapor Wb flows in the flow path portion 36 of the heat storage unit 30 and in the flow path portion 36 of the heat storage unit 32. And when the water vapor | steam Wb in each flow-path part 36 contacts each heat storage material 44 (refer FIG. 4) through the filter 39, the heat storage material 44 radiates heat, producing hydration reaction. This heat is transported to the object to be heated by the high-temperature heat medium oil flowing in the heat exchange section 52.
一方、図８（Ｂ）に示すように、蓄熱システム１０において反応器２０の各蓄熱材４４（図４参照）に蓄熱する際には、開閉弁１９を開放した状態で、配管５７Ａ、熱交換部５２、及び配管５７Ｂ内に熱源（図示省略）によって加熱された高温熱媒オイルを流通させる。この高温熱媒オイルによって加熱されることで、蓄熱材４４が脱水反応を生じ、この熱が蓄熱材４４に蓄熱される。このとき、蓄熱材４４から脱水された水蒸気Ｗｂは、流路部３６から水蒸気流路１４内を矢印Ａ方向に流れて蒸発凝縮器１２内に導入される。そして、蒸発凝縮器１２の気相部１６Ａにおいて、冷媒流路１７を流通する冷媒によって水蒸気Ｗｂが冷却され、凝縮された水Ｗａが貯留容器１６の液相部１６Ｂに貯留される。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8B, when heat is stored in each heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 4) of the reactor 20 in the heat storage system 10, the pipe 57A, heat exchange is performed with the on-off valve 19 opened. The high-temperature heat transfer oil heated by a heat source (not shown) is circulated in the part 52 and the pipe 57B. By being heated by the high-temperature heat transfer oil, the heat storage material 44 undergoes a dehydration reaction, and this heat is stored in the heat storage material 44. At this time, the water vapor Wb dehydrated from the heat storage material 44 flows from the flow path portion 36 through the water vapor flow path 14 in the direction of arrow A and is introduced into the evaporative condenser 12. Then, in the vapor phase portion 16 </ b> A of the evaporative condenser 12, the water vapor Wb is cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path 17, and the condensed water Wa is stored in the liquid phase portion 16 </ b> B of the storage container 16.
以上説明した蓄熱材４４の蓄熱、放熱について、蓄熱システム１０のサイクル（一例）を参照しつつ補足する。図９には、ＰＴ線図に示された圧力平衡点における蓄熱システム１０（図１参照）のサイクルが示されている。図９において、上側の等圧線が脱水（吸熱）反応を示し、下側の等圧線が水和（発熱）反応を示している。なお、蓄熱システム１０の構成については、図１を参照する。 It supplements, referring the cycle (an example) of the thermal storage system 10 about the thermal storage of the thermal storage material 44 demonstrated above, and thermal radiation. FIG. 9 shows a cycle of the heat storage system 10 (see FIG. 1) at the pressure equilibrium point shown in the PT diagram. In FIG. 9, the upper isobaric line shows the dehydration (endothermic) reaction, and the lower isobaric line shows the hydration (exothermic) reaction. In addition, refer to FIG. 1 for the configuration of the heat storage system 10.
このサイクルでは、例えば、蓄熱材４４の温度が４１０[℃]で蓄熱された場合、水蒸気Ｗｂは５０[℃]が平衡温度となる。そして、蓄熱システム１０では、水蒸気Ｗｂは蒸発凝縮器１２において冷媒流路１７の冷媒との熱交換によって５０[℃]以下に冷却され、凝縮されて水Ｗａになる。 In this cycle, for example, when the temperature of the heat storage material 44 is stored at 410 [° C.], the water vapor Wb has an equilibrium temperature of 50 [° C.]. In the heat storage system 10, the water vapor Wb is cooled to 50 [° C.] or less by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path 17 in the evaporative condenser 12, and condensed to become water Wa.
一方、ヒータ１８により加熱を行うことで、該ヒータ１８の温度に応じた蒸気圧の水蒸気が発生する。例えば、図９のサイクルにおいて、５[℃]で水蒸気を発生させる場合、蓄熱材４４は、３１５[℃]で放熱することが解る。このように、内部が真空脱気されている蓄熱システム１０では、５[℃]付近の低温熱源から熱を汲み上げて、３１５[[℃]もの高温を得ることができる。 On the other hand, by heating with the heater 18, water vapor having a vapor pressure corresponding to the temperature of the heater 18 is generated. For example, in the cycle of FIG. 9, it is understood that when water vapor is generated at 5 [° C.], the heat storage material 44 radiates heat at 315 [° C.]. Thus, in the heat storage system 10 in which the inside is vacuum degassed, heat can be pumped from a low-temperature heat source in the vicinity of 5 [° C.] to obtain a high temperature of 315 [[° C.].
第１実施形態の反応器２０では、図７に示すように、蓄熱材４４が水蒸気Ｗｂ（図３参照）と結合して発熱し膨張するとき、蓄熱材４４のＸ方向及びＺ方向の膨張が拘束枠１００により抑制される。ここで、拘束枠１００が断面中空の角筒材であり、同じ剛性で且つ中実のものと比べて熱容量が小さくなるので、蓄熱材４４から拘束枠１００への熱の伝達が抑制される。これにより、拘束枠１００に蓄熱材４４の熱量が奪われるのを抑制することと蓄熱材の膨張を抑制することとを両立できる。 In the reactor 20 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, when the heat storage material 44 is combined with the water vapor Wb (see FIG. 3) and generates heat and expands, the heat storage material 44 expands in the X direction and the Z direction. It is suppressed by the restraint frame 100. Here, the restraint frame 100 is a square tube member having a hollow cross section, and has the same rigidity and a smaller heat capacity than that of a solid material, so that heat transfer from the heat storage material 44 to the restraint frame 100 is suppressed. As a result, it is possible to satisfy both the restraining of the heat quantity of the heat storage material 44 from the restraint frame 100 and the expansion of the heat storage material.
また、反応器２０では、図７に示すように、蓄熱材４４が膨張したときのＺ方向、Ｘ方向の膨張力Ｆｚ、Ｆｘは、角部４４Ｋの第１側面４４Ｅと接触する一方の側面１０３Ａと、第２側面４４Ｆと接触する他方の側面１０３Ｂとに作用する。ここで、接合部１１０が、膨張力Ｆｚ、Ｆｘが作用しにくい領域Ｓ内に形成されているので、拘束枠１００の変形をさらに抑制することができる。 Further, in the reactor 20, as shown in FIG. 7, the expansion forces Fz and Fx in the Z direction and the X direction when the heat storage material 44 is expanded are in contact with the first side surface 103A of the corner portion 44K. And the other side surface 103B in contact with the second side surface 44F. Here, since the joining portion 110 is formed in the region S where the expansion forces Fz and Fx are unlikely to act, the deformation of the restraint frame 100 can be further suppressed.
さらに、反応器２０では、蓄熱材４４の膨張力Ｆｚ、Ｆｘを拘束枠１００の平面である側面１０３Ａ、１０３Ｂで受けて抵抗するので、拘束枠１００の一部に蓄熱材４４の膨張力Ｆｚ、Ｆｘが集中することが抑制される。これにより、拘束枠１００の変形を抑制することができる。さらに、蓄熱材４４が側面１０３Ａ、１０３Ｂ（平面１０３）と接触することで、蓄熱材４４の粉体化を抑制することができる。 Furthermore, in the reactor 20, the expansion forces Fz and Fx of the heat storage material 44 are received and resisted by the side surfaces 103 </ b> A and 103 </ b> B, which are the flat surfaces of the restraint frame 100, so that the expansion force Fz of the heat storage material 44 is partially applied to the restraint frame 100. Concentration of Fx is suppressed. Thereby, a deformation | transformation of the restraint frame 100 can be suppressed. Further, the heat storage material 44 can be prevented from being pulverized by contacting the side surfaces 103 </ b> A and 103 </ b> B (plane 103).
加えて、反応器２０では、図５（Ｂ）に示すように、蓄熱材４４の膨張力が最も大きくなる厚さ方向（Ｙ方向）の中央部に、拘束枠１００の曲げ剛性の高い部位（中間接合部１０５）が対向配置されている。これにより、中間接合部１０５が柱となって膨張力に抵抗するので、拘束枠１００の変形を抑制することができる。また、拘束枠１００が金属製であるので、非金属製に比べて、拘束枠１００の剛性を上げることができる。 In addition, in the reactor 20, as shown in FIG. 5 (B), a portion of the restraint frame 100 having a high bending rigidity (in the Y direction) where the expansion force of the heat storage material 44 is maximized (Y direction). An intermediate joint 105) is arranged oppositely. Thereby, since the intermediate joining part 105 becomes a pillar and resists an expansion force, the deformation | transformation of the restraint frame 100 can be suppressed. Moreover, since the restraint frame 100 is made of metal, the restraint frame 100 can be more rigid than non-metal.
さらに、反応器２０では、拘束枠１００に蓄熱材４４の熱量が奪われることが抑制されるので、反応器２０の熱効率の低下を抑制することができる。 Furthermore, in the reactor 20, it is possible to suppress the heat amount of the heat storage material 44 from being deprived by the restraining frame 100, and thus it is possible to suppress a decrease in the thermal efficiency of the reactor 20.
加えて、蓄熱システム１０では、反応器２０における熱効率の低下が抑制されるので、蓄熱システム１０の熱効率の低下を抑制することができる。 In addition, in the heat storage system 10, since the fall of the thermal efficiency in the reactor 20 is suppressed, the fall of the heat efficiency of the heat storage system 10 can be suppressed.
図１０（Ａ）には、拘束枠１００の第１変形例として、拘束枠１２０が示されている。拘束枠１２０は、両端部が４５[°]に切断された４本の角筒材１２２が、正方形状に配置された状態で接合（溶接）されている。即ち、拘束枠１２０は、４箇所の接合部１２４を有し、各２箇所の接合部１２４が対向配置されている。 FIG. 10A shows a constraint frame 120 as a first modification of the constraint frame 100. The constraining frame 120 is joined (welded) in a state where four square tube members 122 having both ends cut at 45 [°] are arranged in a square shape. That is, the restraint frame 120 has four joint portions 124, and the two joint portions 124 are arranged to face each other.
図１０（Ｂ）には、拘束枠１００の第２変形例として、拘束枠１３０が示されている。拘束枠１３０は、Ｌ字状に形成され両端部が４５[°]に切断された２本の角筒材１３２が、正方形状に配置された状態で接合（溶接）されている。即ち、拘束枠１３０は、２箇所の対向する接合部１３４を有している。 FIG. 10B shows a restraint frame 130 as a second modification of the restraint frame 100. The constraining frame 130 is joined (welded) with two rectangular tube members 132 formed in an L shape and having both ends cut at 45 [°] arranged in a square shape. That is, the restraint frame 130 has two opposing joints 134.
図１０（Ｃ）には、拘束枠１００の第３変形例として、拘束枠１４０が示されている。拘束枠１４０は、１本の角筒材１４２が、正方形状に形成され、１箇所の接合部１４４で接合（溶接）されている。 FIG. 10C shows a restraint frame 140 as a third modification of the restraint frame 100. In the restraint frame 140, one rectangular tube material 142 is formed in a square shape and joined (welded) at one joint 144.
図１０（Ｄ）には、拘束枠１００の第４変形例として、拘束枠１５０が示されている。拘束枠１５０は、一例として、三次元プリンターにより形成されており、蓄熱材４４（図４参照）の周方向で接合部が形成されていない。ここで、蓄熱材４４が膨張するとき、拘束枠１５０では、膨張方向に拘束枠１５０の接合部が無いので、拘束枠１５０の剛性の低い部位に蓄熱材４４の膨張力が作用することが抑制される。これにより、蓄熱材４４が膨張したときの拘束枠１５０の変形を抑制することができる。 FIG. 10D shows a constraint frame 150 as a fourth modification of the constraint frame 100. As an example, the restraint frame 150 is formed by a three-dimensional printer, and no joint is formed in the circumferential direction of the heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 4). Here, when the heat storage material 44 expands, in the restraint frame 150, since there is no joint portion of the restraint frame 150 in the expansion direction, it is suppressed that the expansion force of the heat storage material 44 acts on a portion having a low rigidity of the restraint frame 150. Is done. Thereby, a deformation | transformation of the restraint frame 150 when the thermal storage material 44 expand | swells can be suppressed.
ここで、剛性の高さは、拘束枠１２０が最も低く、拘束枠１３０、１４０、１５０の順で剛性が高くなる。このように、蓄熱材４４の膨張力に応じて、接合部の数を変更してもよい。 Here, the restraint frame 120 has the lowest rigidity, and the restraint frames 130, 140, and 150 have higher rigidity in this order. Thus, the number of joints may be changed according to the expansion force of the heat storage material 44.
[第２実施形態]
次に、本発明の第２実施形態に係る蓄熱材拘束構造、蓄熱反応器、及び蓄熱システムの一例について説明する。なお、前述した第１実施形態と基本的に同一の部材、部位には、前記第１実施形態と同一の符号を付与してその説明を省略する。
[Second Embodiment]
Next, an example of the heat storage material restraint structure, the heat storage reactor, and the heat storage system according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Note that members and portions that are basically the same as those in the first embodiment described above are assigned the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and descriptions thereof are omitted.
図１１（Ａ）に示す第２実施形態の拘束枠１６０は、第１実施形態の蓄熱システム１０（図１参照）において、拘束枠１００（図４参照）に換えて設けられている。 A restraint frame 160 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 11A is provided in place of the restraint frame 100 (see FIG. 4) in the heat storage system 10 (see FIG. 1) of the first embodiment.
拘束枠１６０は、断面において、蓄熱材４４側に配置された平面部１６２Ａと、非平面部の一例としての湾曲部１６２Ｂとを有する筒材１６２を有している。平面部１６２Ａは、蓄熱材４４の膨張方向の１つであるＸ方向と交差するＹ方向に沿って、蓄熱材４４と対向配置されている。なお、非平面部とは、平面部とは異なる外形の部位であり、且つ平面部よりも平面の面積が小さい部位を含む概念である。 The constraining frame 160 has a cylindrical member 162 having a planar portion 162A disposed on the heat storage material 44 side and a curved portion 162B as an example of a non-planar portion in the cross section. The flat portion 162 </ b> A is disposed to face the heat storage material 44 along the Y direction that intersects the X direction, which is one of the expansion directions of the heat storage material 44. The non-planar part is a concept including a part having an outer shape different from that of the planar part and including a part having a smaller plane area than the planar part.
湾曲部１６２Ｂは、蓄熱材４４側とは反対側に配置され、平面部１６２Ａとは異なる外形である。具体的には、湾曲部１６２Ｂは、平面部１６２Ａに対して、蓄熱材４４側とは反対側に凸となる湾曲形状（Ｕ字状）の部位である。また、湾曲部１６２Ｂは、蓄熱材４４の厚さ方向（Ｙ方向）の中央を通りＸ方向に沿った線Ｎ１を中心として、線対称形状となっている。 The curved portion 162B is disposed on the opposite side to the heat storage material 44 side and has an outer shape different from that of the flat portion 162A. Specifically, the curved portion 162B is a curved (U-shaped) portion that protrudes on the opposite side to the heat storage material 44 side with respect to the planar portion 162A. The curved portion 162 </ b> B has a line-symmetric shape with the line N <b> 1 passing through the center of the heat storage material 44 in the thickness direction (Y direction) along the X direction as a center.
次に、第２実施形態の作用について説明する。 Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described.
拘束枠１６０では、断面矩形状で熱容量が同じであり且つ中空のものに比べて、断面２次モーメントが大きくなる。このため、蓄熱材４４が膨張したときの拘束枠１６０の変形を抑制することができる。また、拘束枠１６０では、線対称形状となっているため、剛性が、線Ｎ１を中心としてＹ方向の一方側（上部）と他方側（下部）で均等になるので、蓄熱材４４が膨張したとき、膨張力を拘束枠１６０に対して均等に作用させることができる。 The restraint frame 160 has a rectangular sectional shape, the same heat capacity, and a larger sectional second moment than a hollow frame. For this reason, a deformation | transformation of the restraint frame 160 when the thermal storage material 44 expand | swells can be suppressed. In addition, since the restraint frame 160 has a line-symmetric shape, the rigidity is equalized on one side (upper part) and the other side (lower part) in the Y direction around the line N1, so that the heat storage material 44 has expanded. Sometimes, the expansion force can be applied to the restraining frame 160 evenly.
図１１（Ｂ）には、第５変形例の拘束枠１７０が示されている。拘束枠１７０は、蓄熱材４４側に配置された平面部１７２Ａと、非平面部の一例としての凸部１７２Ｂとを有する筒材１７２を有している。平面部１７２Ａは、Ｙ方向に沿って、蓄熱材４４と対向配置されている。 FIG. 11B shows a restraint frame 170 of the fifth modification. The restraint frame 170 has a cylindrical member 172 having a flat portion 172A disposed on the heat storage material 44 side and a convex portion 172B as an example of a non-planar portion. The planar portion 172A is disposed to face the heat storage material 44 along the Y direction.
凸部１７２Ｂは、平面部１７２Ａに対して、蓄熱材４４側とは反対側に凸となっている。また、凸部１７２Ｂは、Ｙ方向の中央を通りＸ方向に沿った線Ｎ２を中心として、線対称形状となっている。そして、筒材１７２では、平面部１７２Ａ及び凸部１７２Ｂにより、台形状の断面が形成されている。このように、非平面部を台形状に形成して断面二次モーメントの大きさを矩形状よりも大きくしてもよい。 The convex portion 172B is convex on the opposite side to the heat storage material 44 side with respect to the planar portion 172A. Further, the convex portion 172B has a line-symmetric shape with the line N2 passing through the center in the Y direction and extending along the X direction as the center. In the cylindrical member 172, a trapezoidal cross section is formed by the flat portion 172A and the convex portion 172B. As described above, the non-planar portion may be formed in a trapezoidal shape so that the magnitude of the secondary moment of section is larger than that of the rectangular shape.
[第３実施形態]
次に、本発明の第３実施形態に係る蓄熱材拘束構造、蓄熱反応器、及び蓄熱システムの一例について説明する。なお、前述した第１実施形態と基本的に同一の部材、部位には、前記第１実施形態と同一の符号を付与してその説明を省略する。
[Third embodiment]
Next, an example of the heat storage material restraint structure, the heat storage reactor, and the heat storage system according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. Note that members and portions that are basically the same as those in the first embodiment described above are assigned the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and descriptions thereof are omitted.
図１２（Ａ）に示す第３実施形態の拘束枠１８０は、第１実施形態の蓄熱システム１０（図１参照）において、拘束枠１００（図４参照）に換えて設けられている。 A restraint frame 180 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 12A is provided in place of the restraint frame 100 (see FIG. 4) in the heat storage system 10 (see FIG. 1) of the first embodiment.
拘束枠１８０は、一例として、角筒材１０２と角筒材１０４が接合部１１０で接合され、さらに各接合部１１０の内側に固定部材の一例としてのコーナー部材１８２が設けられている。コーナー部材１８２は、平板部１８２Ａと、平板部１８２Ａから直交方向へ延びる平板部１８２Ｂを有しており、平面視でＬ字状に形成されている。平板部１８２Ａは、接合部１１０の一方である角筒材１０２の内側面に溶接で固定されている。平板部１８２Ｂは、接合部１１０の他方である角筒材１０４の内側面に溶接で固定されている。 As an example of the restraint frame 180, the square tube member 102 and the square tube member 104 are joined by the joint portion 110, and a corner member 182 as an example of a fixing member is provided inside each joint portion 110. The corner member 182 has a flat plate portion 182A and a flat plate portion 182B extending in the orthogonal direction from the flat plate portion 182A, and is formed in an L shape in plan view. The flat plate portion 182A is fixed to the inner surface of the rectangular tube material 102, which is one of the joint portions 110, by welding. The flat plate portion 182B is fixed to the inner surface of the rectangular tube material 104, which is the other side of the joint portion 110, by welding.
次に、第３実施形態の作用について説明する。 Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described.
拘束枠１８０では、コーナー部材１８２によって接合部１１０が補強されるので、蓄熱材４４（図４参照）が膨張して拘束枠１８０に膨張力が作用しても、拘束枠１８０の変形を抑制することができる。また、拘束枠１８０では、コーナー部材１８２によって接合部１１０が覆われるので、蓄熱材４４が粉体化しても、接合部１１０への蓄熱材４４の侵入が抑制される。これにより、拘束枠１８０の外側へ蓄熱材４４が流出するのを抑制することができる。 In the restraint frame 180, the joint 110 is reinforced by the corner member 182. Therefore, even if the heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 4) expands and an expansion force acts on the restraint frame 180, deformation of the restraint frame 180 is suppressed. be able to. Moreover, in the restraint frame 180, since the junction part 110 is covered by the corner member 182, even if the heat storage material 44 is pulverized, the penetration of the heat storage material 44 into the joint part 110 is suppressed. Thereby, it can suppress that the thermal storage material 44 flows out to the outer side of the restraint frame 180. FIG.
なお、第６変形例として、図１２（Ｂ）に示すように、拘束枠１８０において、コーナー部材１８２を接合部１１０の外側の角部に設けて補強してもよい。この構成においても、接合部１１０がコーナー部材１８２で覆われるので、蓄熱材４４（図４参照）が粉体化しても、拘束枠１８０の外側へ蓄熱材４４が流出するのを抑制することができる。また、この構成では、コーナー部材１８２が外側にあるので、拘束枠１８０内に蓄熱材４４を挿入するときに、コーナー部材１８２が邪魔にならない。 As a sixth modified example, as shown in FIG. 12B, a corner member 182 may be provided at a corner portion on the outer side of the joint portion 110 in the restraint frame 180 to be reinforced. Even in this configuration, since the joint portion 110 is covered with the corner member 182, even if the heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 4) is pulverized, the heat storage material 44 is prevented from flowing out of the restraint frame 180. it can. Further, in this configuration, since the corner member 182 is on the outside, the corner member 182 does not get in the way when the heat storage material 44 is inserted into the restraining frame 180.
[第４実施形態]
次に、本発明の第４実施形態に係る蓄熱材拘束構造、蓄熱反応器、及び蓄熱システムの一例について説明する。なお、前述した第１実施形態と基本的に同一の部材、部位には、前記第１実施形態と同一の符号を付与してその説明を省略する。
[Fourth embodiment]
Next, an example of the heat storage material restraint structure, the heat storage reactor, and the heat storage system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. Note that members and portions that are basically the same as those in the first embodiment described above are assigned the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and descriptions thereof are omitted.
図１３（Ａ）に示す第４実施形態の拘束枠１９０は、第１実施形態の蓄熱システム１０（図１参照）において、拘束枠１００（図４参照）に換えて設けられている。 The restraint frame 190 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 13A is provided in place of the restraint frame 100 (see FIG. 4) in the heat storage system 10 (see FIG. 1) of the first embodiment.
拘束枠１９０は、一例として、角筒材１０２と角筒材１０４が４箇所の接合部１１０で接合された四角形状に形成され、さらに、ワイヤー１９２、１９４が設けられている。ワイヤー１９２は、Ｚ方向で対向する角筒材１０２のＸ方向中央部に架設されており、ワイヤー１９４は、Ｘ方向で対向する角筒材１０４のＺ方向中央部に架設されている。即ち、ワイヤー１９２とワイヤー１９４は、Ｙ方向に見て十字状に架設されている。 As an example, the restraint frame 190 is formed in a quadrangular shape in which the square tube member 102 and the square tube member 104 are joined by four joint portions 110, and wires 192 and 194 are further provided. The wire 192 is installed at the center in the X direction of the rectangular tube material 102 facing in the Z direction, and the wire 194 is installed at the center in the Z direction of the rectangular tube material 104 facing in the X direction. That is, the wire 192 and the wire 194 are laid in a cross shape when viewed in the Y direction.
なお、ワイヤー１９２とワイヤー１９４は、長さは異なるが、材質及び太さは同一とされている。このため、ワイヤー１９２の架設構造について説明し、ワイヤー１９４の架設構造についての説明を省略する。また、角筒材１０２は、＋Ｚ側と−Ｚ側で同じ構成であるため、＋Ｚ側について説明し、−Ｚ側の説明を省略する。 Note that the wire 192 and the wire 194 are different in length, but have the same material and thickness. For this reason, the installation structure of the wire 192 will be described, and the description of the installation structure of the wire 194 will be omitted. Further, since the rectangular tube material 102 has the same configuration on the + Z side and the −Z side, only the + Z side will be described, and the description on the −Z side will be omitted.
図１３（Ｂ）に示すように、拘束枠１９０は、Ｙ方向に沿って平面１０３（内側面）が配置されている。また、上下の角筒材１０２が接合された部位である中間接合部１０５は、Ｙ方向における蓄熱材４４の中央部と対向配置されている。ここで、ワイヤー１９２は、＋Ｙ側の角筒材１０２のＹ方向中央部を＋Ｚ側へ向けて貫通し、角筒材１０２の外側で折り返され、−Ｙ側の角筒材１０２のＹ方向中央部を−Ｚ側へ向けて貫通している。そして、ワイヤー１９２の一端と他端が連結部材（図示省略）で連結されることで、ワイヤー１９２がＹ方向に間隔をあけてＺ方向に平行に架設されている。 As shown in FIG. 13B, the constraining frame 190 has a flat surface 103 (inner surface) disposed along the Y direction. Moreover, the intermediate | middle junction part 105 which is a site | part where the upper and lower square tube materials 102 were joined is arrange | positioned facing the center part of the thermal storage material 44 in a Y direction. Here, the wire 192 penetrates the central portion in the Y direction of the square tube member 102 on the + Y side toward the + Z side, is folded back outside the square tube member 102, and is centered in the Y direction of the negative tube member 102 on the −Y side. The part is penetrated toward the -Z side. Then, one end and the other end of the wire 192 are connected by a connecting member (not shown), so that the wire 192 is installed in parallel in the Z direction with an interval in the Y direction.
次に、第４実施形態の作用について説明する。 Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described.
図１３（Ａ）に示す拘束枠１９０では、蓄熱材４４（図４参照）が膨張して拘束枠１９０に膨張力が作用したとき、ワイヤー１９２、１９４に作用する張力が、この膨張力に対する抵抗力（引張力）となるので、拘束枠１９０の変形を抑制することができる。また、拘束枠１９０では、設定した剛性を得る場合に、ワイヤー１９２、１９４を用いない構成に比べて、熱容量を小さくすることができる。 In the restraint frame 190 shown in FIG. 13A, when the heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 4) expands and an expansion force acts on the restraint frame 190, the tension acting on the wires 192 and 194 is the resistance against the expansion force. Since it becomes force (tensile force), deformation of the restraint frame 190 can be suppressed. Further, in the restraint frame 190, when the set rigidity is obtained, the heat capacity can be reduced as compared with the configuration in which the wires 192 and 194 are not used.
[第５実施形態]
次に、本発明の第５実施形態に係る蓄熱材拘束構造、蓄熱反応器、及び蓄熱システムの一例について説明する。なお、前述した第１実施形態と基本的に同一の部材、部位には、前記第１実施形態と同一の符号を付与してその説明を省略する。
[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, an example of the heat storage material restraint structure, the heat storage reactor, and the heat storage system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. Note that members and portions that are basically the same as those in the first embodiment described above are assigned the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and descriptions thereof are omitted.
図１４（Ａ）に示す第５実施形態の拘束枠２００は、第１実施形態の蓄熱システム１０（図１参照）において、拘束枠１００（図４参照）に換えて設けられている。 The restraint frame 200 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 14A is provided in place of the restraint frame 100 (see FIG. 4) in the heat storage system 10 (see FIG. 1) of the first embodiment.
拘束枠２００は、一例として、角筒材１０２と角筒材１０４が４箇所の接合部１１０で接合された四角形状に形成され、さらに、板材２０２、２０４、２０５が設けられている。板材２０２は、矩形状に形成され、＋Ｚ側と−Ｚ側の端部が、Ｚ方向で対向する角筒材１０２の内側に溶接されている。板材２０４は、矩形状に形成され、−Ｘ側と＋Ｘ側の端部が、Ｘ方向で対向する角筒材１０４の内側と板材２０２の−Ｘ側に溶接されている。板材２０５は、矩形状に形成され、＋Ｘ側と−Ｘ側の端部が、Ｘ方向で対向する角筒材１０４の内側と板材２０２の＋Ｘ側に溶接されている。即ち、板材２０２、２０４、２０５は、Ｙ方向に見て十字状に固定されている。 As an example, the restraint frame 200 is formed in a quadrangular shape in which a square tube member 102 and a square tube member 104 are joined by four joint portions 110, and plate members 202, 204, and 205 are further provided. The plate member 202 is formed in a rectangular shape, and ends of the + Z side and the −Z side are welded to the inside of the rectangular tube member 102 facing in the Z direction. The plate member 204 is formed in a rectangular shape, and the end portions on the −X side and the + X side are welded to the inner side of the square tube member 104 and the −X side of the plate member 202 facing each other in the X direction. The plate member 205 is formed in a rectangular shape, and end portions on the + X side and the −X side are welded to the inner side of the rectangular tube member 104 and the + X side of the plate member 202 facing each other in the X direction. That is, the plate members 202, 204, and 205 are fixed in a cross shape when viewed in the Y direction.
なお、板材２０２と板材２０４、２０５とは、長さは異なるが、材質及び厚さは同一とされている。このため、板材２０２の配置状態について説明し、板材２０４、２０５の配置状態についての説明を省略する。また、角筒材１０２は、＋Ｚ側と−Ｚ側で同じ構成であるため、＋Ｚ側について説明し、−Ｚ側の説明を省略する。 The plate material 202 and the plate materials 204 and 205 are different in length, but the material and thickness are the same. For this reason, the arrangement | positioning state of the board | plate material 202 is demonstrated and description about the arrangement | positioning state of the board | plate materials 204 and 205 is abbreviate | omitted. Further, since the rectangular tube material 102 has the same configuration on the + Z side and the −Z side, only the + Z side will be described, and the description on the −Z side will be omitted.
図１４（Ｂ）に示すように、拘束枠２００は、Ｙ方向に沿って平面１０３（内側面）が配置されている。また、上下の角筒材１０２が接合された部位である中間接合部１０５は、Ｙ方向における蓄熱材４４の中央部と対向配置されている。ここで、板材２０２の端部は、中間接合部１０５を跨いで、平面１０３の−Ｙ側端部から＋Ｙ側の端部まで溶接されている。 As shown in FIG. 14B, the restraint frame 200 has a flat surface 103 (inner surface) disposed along the Y direction. Moreover, the intermediate | middle junction part 105 which is a site | part where the upper and lower square tube materials 102 were joined is arrange | positioned facing the center part of the thermal storage material 44 in a Y direction. Here, the end portion of the plate member 202 is welded from the −Y side end portion to the + Y side end portion of the plane 103 across the intermediate joint portion 105.
次に、第５実施形態の作用について説明する。 Next, the operation of the fifth embodiment will be described.
図１４（Ａ）に示す拘束枠２００では、蓄熱材４４（図４参照）が膨張して拘束枠２００に膨張力が作用したとき、板材２０２、２０４、２０５がこの膨張力に抵抗することで、拘束枠２００の変形が抑制される。これにより、拘束枠２００の剛性を上げることができる。 In the restraint frame 200 shown in FIG. 14A, when the heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 4) expands and an expansion force acts on the restraint frame 200, the plate members 202, 204, and 205 resist this expansion force. The deformation of the restraining frame 200 is suppressed. Thereby, the rigidity of the restraint frame 200 can be increased.
図１５には、各構成の拘束枠を用いた場合の枠幅当りの質量に対する枠幅当りの最大変形率が示されている。プロットの白丸は、拘束枠１００から仕切材１０６、１０８を除いたものを示しており、黒丸は、断面正方形状の１本の角筒材が用いられたものを示している。白三角は、拘束枠１９０を示しており、黒三角は、拘束枠１７０を示している。白四角は、拘束枠２００を示しており、黒四角は、拘束枠１００の断面の大きさを小さくしたものである。ひし形は、拘束枠１６０を示しており、×は、断面正方形状の１本の角柱材（中実のもの）が用いられたものを示している。 FIG. 15 shows the maximum deformation rate per frame width with respect to the mass per frame width when the restraint frames having the respective configurations are used. The white circles in the plot indicate the one obtained by removing the partition members 106 and 108 from the restraint frame 100, and the black circles indicate that one square tube member having a square cross section is used. White triangles indicate the constraint frame 190, and black triangles indicate the constraint frame 170. The white square indicates the restraint frame 200, and the black square is obtained by reducing the size of the cross section of the restraint frame 100. A rhombus indicates the restraint frame 160, and a cross indicates that a single square columnar material (solid) having a square cross section is used.
ここで、枠幅当りの質量をＧ１、Ｇ２、Ｇ３（Ｇ１＜Ｇ２＜Ｇ３）とし、枠幅当りの最大変形率をＫ１、Ｋ２、Ｋ３、Ｋ４、Ｋ５（Ｋ１＜Ｋ２＜Ｋ３＜Ｋ４＜Ｋ５）として、黒丸のプロットは、質量がＧ１で且つ変形率がＫ１の半分よりも小さくなっている。また、菱形、黒三角、白四角、白丸、白三角のプロットは、質量がＧ１の半分程度で、且つ変形率がＫ１の半分以上Ｋ２以下の範囲で、変形率の小さい方から順に菱形、黒三角、白四角、白丸、白三角の順に並んでいる。 Here, the mass per frame width is G1, G2, G3 (G1 <G2 <G3), and the maximum deformation rate per frame width is K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 (K1 <K2 <K3 <K4 <K5). ), The black circle plot has a mass G1 and a deformation rate smaller than half of K1. In addition, the plots of rhombus, black triangle, white square, white circle, and white triangle are in the order of rhombus, black in order from the smallest deformation rate in the range where the mass is about half of G1 and the deformation rate is not less than half of K1 and not more than K2. They are arranged in the order of triangle, white square, white circle, and white triangle.
黒四角のプロットは、質量がＧ１の半分程度で、且つ変形率がＫ４よりも大きくＫ５よりも小さい範囲に位置している。×のプロットは、質量がＧ３よりも重く、且つ変形率がＫ１の半分よりも小さくなっている。 The black square plot is located in a range where the mass is about half of G1 and the deformation rate is larger than K4 and smaller than K5. In the x plot, the mass is heavier than G3, and the deformation rate is smaller than half of K1.
このように、本実施形態の拘束枠１００、１６０、１７０、１９０、２００、及び断面正方形状の１本の角筒材を用いた拘束枠（本実施形態に含む）を用いることで、拘束枠を軽量化できると共に、拘束枠の剛性の低下を抑制できることが分かる。 Thus, by using the restraint frame 100, 160, 170, 190, 200 of this embodiment and the restraint frame (included in this embodiment) using one square tube material having a square cross section, the restraint frame is used. It can be seen that the reduction in the rigidity of the restraint frame can be suppressed.
なお、本発明は上記の実施形態に限定されない。 In addition, this invention is not limited to said embodiment.
反応容器２２は、平面視で四角形（直方体）状のものに限らず、平面視で多角形状のものであってもよい。また、反応容器２２は、蓄熱材４４を含む積層構造と反応容器２２との間の死容積が小さくなる（密度が高くなる）ように、蓄熱材４４を含む積層構造と同じ形状での立方体容器としてもよい。さらに、蓄熱ユニットの数は、蓄熱ユニット３０、３２の２つに限らず、１つ又は３つ以上の複数あってもよい。さらに、各蓄熱ユニット毎に拘束部６２が設けられていてもよい。 The reaction vessel 22 is not limited to a rectangular (cuboid) shape in plan view, but may be polygonal in plan view. The reaction container 22 is a cubic container having the same shape as the stacked structure including the heat storage material 44 so that the dead volume between the stacked structure including the heat storage material 44 and the reaction container 22 is reduced (the density is increased). It is good. Furthermore, the number of heat storage units is not limited to two of the heat storage units 30 and 32, and may be one or more than three. Furthermore, the restraint part 62 may be provided for each heat storage unit.
蓄熱材４４の一例として酸化カルシウムを用いたが、水和、脱水による放熱、蓄熱を行う他の化学蓄熱材（例えば、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物）を用いてもよい。また、上記実施形態では、蓄熱材４４として成形体を用いた例を示したが、これに限定されず、例えば、粒状に形成された蓄熱材を拘束枠内に充填してもよい。さらに、蓄熱材として、ゼオライト、活性炭、メソポーラスシリカを含む多孔吸着材を用いてもよい。 Although calcium oxide was used as an example of the heat storage material 44, other chemical heat storage materials (for example, alkaline earth metal oxides) that perform heat dissipation and heat storage by hydration and dehydration may be used. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the example which used the molded object was shown as the thermal storage material 44, it is not limited to this, For example, you may fill the thermal storage material formed in granule in the restraint frame. Furthermore, a porous adsorbent containing zeolite, activated carbon, or mesoporous silica may be used as the heat storage material.
拘束枠１００、１２０、１３０、１４０、１５０、１６０、１７０、１８０、１９０、２００は、金属製に限らず、非金属製であってもよい。拘束枠が非金属製の場合、金属製に比べて熱伝導率が抑制されるので、拘束枠の断熱効率を上げることができる。また、拘束枠１００、１９０、２００は、２つの角筒材がＹ方向上下に重なって溶接されたものに限らず、１つの角筒材あるいは３つ以上の角筒材がＹ方向上下に重なって溶接されたものであってもよい。さらに、各拘束枠は、蓄熱材４４が流出することが無ければ、蓄熱材４４と対向する側の面が平面でなくてもよい。 The restraint frames 100, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, and 200 are not limited to being made of metal, and may be made of non-metal. When the restraint frame is made of a non-metal, the thermal conductivity is suppressed as compared with that made of metal, so that the heat insulation efficiency of the restraint frame can be increased. In addition, the restraining frames 100, 190, and 200 are not limited to two rectangular tubes that are welded so as to overlap each other in the Y direction, and one rectangular tube material or three or more rectangular tubes overlap each other in the Y direction. And may be welded. Furthermore, as long as the heat storage material 44 does not flow out of each restraint frame, the surface on the side facing the heat storage material 44 may not be a flat surface.
非平面部は、１つの湾曲部や凸部に限らず、異なる形状の部位を組み合せたものであってもよい。また、非平面部は、蓄熱材の厚さ方向の中央を通り蓄熱材の膨張方向に沿った線を中心として線対称形状であることが望ましいが、これに限らず、線対称形状ではないものであっても使用可能である。 The non-planar part is not limited to one curved part or convex part, but may be a combination of differently shaped parts. In addition, the non-planar portion is preferably a line-symmetric shape centering on a line passing through the center of the heat storage material in the thickness direction and along the expansion direction of the heat storage material, but is not limited thereto, and is not a line-symmetric shape. Even it can be used.
接合部１１０は、２本の角筒材１０２、１０４を接合させるものに限らず、例えば、１本の角筒材の長手方向の一部を楔状に切欠いてから、切り欠かれていない部位を折り曲げ、２つの切欠面を合わせて溶接することで形成してもよい。また、接合面１０２Ａ、１０４Ａは、蓄熱材４４の角部４４Ｋの二等分線Ｍに沿っていないものであってもよい。 The joining part 110 is not limited to joining the two rectangular tube members 102 and 104, but, for example, a part of one rectangular tube member in the longitudinal direction is cut out in a wedge shape, and then a portion not cut out is formed. You may form by bending and welding two notch surfaces together. Further, the joining surfaces 102 </ b> A and 104 </ b> A may not be along the bisector M of the corner portion 44 </ b> K of the heat storage material 44.
コーナー部材１８２は、接合部１１０の内側及び外側に固定されていてもよい。 The corner member 182 may be fixed inside and outside the joint 110.
ワイヤー１９２、１９４は、１箇所ずつに限らず、Ｘ方向又はＺ方向で複数箇所設けられていてもよい。また、ワイヤー１９２、１９４は、環状に連結されたものに限らず、１本のワイヤーを２つの対向する角筒材に架設したものであってもよい。板材２０２、２０４、２０５は、角筒材１０２、１０４のＹ方向全体にわたって溶接されるものに限らず、Ｙ方向の高さが角筒材１０２、１０４のＹ方向の高さよりも低いものであってもよい。 The wires 192 and 194 are not limited to one place, and a plurality of places may be provided in the X direction or the Z direction. Further, the wires 192 and 194 are not limited to being connected in an annular shape, and may be one wire constructed on two opposing rectangular tube materials. The plate members 202, 204, and 205 are not limited to those that are welded over the entire Y direction of the square tube members 102 and 104, and the height in the Y direction is lower than the height of the square tube members 102 and 104 in the Y direction. May be.
１０ 蓄熱システム
１２ 蒸発凝縮器（蒸発部の一例）
２０ 反応器（蓄熱反応器の一例）
２２ 反応容器（容器の一例）
３６ 流路部
４４ 蓄熱材
４４Ｋ 角部
５２ 熱交換部
１００ 拘束枠（蓄熱材拘束構造の一例）
１０２ 角筒材（第１接合部の一例）
１０２Ａ 接合面
１０４ 角筒材（第２接合部の一例）
１０４Ａ 接合面
１１０ 接合部
１２０ 拘束枠（蓄熱材拘束構造の一例）
１３０ 拘束枠（蓄熱材拘束構造の一例）
１４０ 拘束枠（蓄熱材拘束構造の一例）
１５０ 拘束枠（蓄熱材拘束構造の一例）
１６０ 拘束枠（蓄熱材拘束構造の一例）
１６２Ａ 平面部
１６２Ｂ 湾曲部（非平面部の一例）
１７０ 拘束枠（蓄熱材拘束構造の一例）
１８０ 拘束枠（蓄熱材拘束構造の一例）
１８２ コーナー部材（固定部材の一例）
１９０ 拘束枠（蓄熱材拘束構造の一例）
１９２ ワイヤー
１９４ ワイヤー
２００ 拘束枠（蓄熱材拘束構造の一例）
２０２ 板材
２０４ 板材
２０５ 板材
10 Thermal Storage System 12 Evaporative Condenser (Example of Evaporating Unit)
20 reactor (an example of a heat storage reactor)
22 reaction vessel (example of vessel)
36 flow path part 44 heat storage material 44K corner | angular part 52 heat exchange part 100 restraint frame (an example of a heat storage material restraint structure)
102 Square tube material (example of first joint)
102A Joining surface 104 Square tube material (an example of a second joining part)
104A joint surface 110 joint 120 restraint frame (an example of a heat storage material restraint structure)
130 Restraint frame (an example of a heat storage material restraint structure)
140 Restraint frame (an example of a heat storage material restraint structure)
150 Restraint frame (an example of a heat storage material restraint structure)
160 Restraint frame (an example of a heat storage material restraint structure)
162A Plane part 162B Curved part (an example of non-planar part)
170 Restraint frame (an example of a heat storage material restraint structure)
180 Restraint frame (an example of a heat storage material restraint structure)
182 Corner member (an example of a fixed member)
190 Restraint frame (an example of a heat storage material restraint structure)
192 wire 194 wire 200 restraint frame (an example of a heat storage material restraint structure)
202 Plate material 204 Plate material 205 Plate material
Claims (13)
前記接合部の内側及び外側の少なくとも一方に設けられ、前記第１接合部材及び前記第２接合部材に固定された固定部材と、
を有する蓄熱材拘束構造。 The first side surface and the second side surface form a corner portion, which is a constraining frame that binds to the reaction medium and restrains the heat storage material that generates heat and desorbs the heat from the reaction medium, and has a hollow cross section. The first joining member and the second joining member having a hollow cross section are outside the heat storage material in the direction along the first side surface of the first joining member and the second joining member is in the second joining member. A restraint frame joined by a joint formed in a region outside the heat storage material in the direction along the side surface ;
A fixing member provided on at least one of the inner side and the outer side of the bonding portion, and fixed to the first bonding member and the second bonding member;
A heat storage material restraint structure.
反応媒体と結合して発熱及び前記反応媒体が脱離して蓄熱する蓄熱材と、
前記反応媒体が流れる流路部と、
前記蓄熱材に対する熱供給及び熱回収の少なくとも一方を行う熱交換部と、
前記拘束枠、前記蓄熱材、前記流路部、及び前記熱交換部が封入され、前記反応媒体が内部に供給される容器と、
を有する蓄熱反応器。 The heat storage material restraint structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11 ,
A thermal storage material bonds to the reaction medium exothermic and the reaction medium you heat storage desorbed,
A flow path section through which the reaction medium flows;
A heat exchanging unit that performs at least one of heat supply and heat recovery to the heat storage material;
A container in which the restraint frame, the heat storage material, the flow path section, and the heat exchange section are sealed, and the reaction medium is supplied to the inside;
Heat storage reactor.
前記容器に気密状態で連通され、液相の媒体を蒸発させて気相の反応媒体を前記容器に供給する蒸発部と、
を有する蓄熱システム。 A heat storage reactor according to claim 12 ,
An evaporation unit that is communicated with the container in an airtight state, evaporates a liquid phase medium, and supplies a gas phase reaction medium to the container;
Having a heat storage system.
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