JP6253399B2 - Spray system for temperature drop in tunnel - Google Patents
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- JP6253399B2 JP6253399B2 JP2013266242A JP2013266242A JP6253399B2 JP 6253399 B2 JP6253399 B2 JP 6253399B2 JP 2013266242 A JP2013266242 A JP 2013266242A JP 2013266242 A JP2013266242 A JP 2013266242A JP 6253399 B2 JP6253399 B2 JP 6253399B2
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Description
本発明は、トンネル内の温度上昇抑制、およびトンネル内を利用する運転者の視環境確保の両立を図るために、ミスト噴霧ノズルのレイアウトについて規定したトンネル内降温用噴霧システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a tunnel temperature drop spraying system that defines the layout of a mist spray nozzle in order to achieve both suppression of temperature rise in a tunnel and ensuring the visual environment of a driver using the tunnel.
従来技術として、大気開放された空間の温度低下を目的とした降温用噴霧システムが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。この特許文献１によれば、ミストのザウター平均粒径に基づいて噴霧ノズルの設置高さおよびミストの噴霧量を設定することで、大気開放された空間内の人を濡らすことなく、適切に冷却することができる。 As a conventional technique, a temperature lowering spray system for reducing the temperature of a space opened to the atmosphere is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). According to this Patent Document 1, by appropriately setting the installation height of the spray nozzle and the spray amount of the mist on the basis of the Sauter average particle diameter of the mist, it is possible to cool appropriately without wetting people in the open space. can do.
しかしながら、従来技術には、以下のような課題がある。
特許文献１は、大気開放された空間における温度低下を対象としており、ミストの平均粒径、ノズル設置高さ、およびミスト噴霧量に関するパラメータをある適切な範囲に規定したものである。
However, the prior art has the following problems.
Patent Document 1 is intended for a temperature drop in a space open to the atmosphere, and defines parameters relating to the average particle diameter of the mist, the nozzle installation height, and the mist spray amount within a certain appropriate range.
これに対して、断続的に車両が動いており、半閉鎖空間であるトンネル内を温度低下の対象空間とする場合には、大気開放された空間を前提とする従来技術では、解決できない問題が生ずる。 On the other hand, when the vehicle is moving intermittently and the inside of the tunnel, which is a semi-enclosed space, is the target space for temperature reduction, there is a problem that cannot be solved by the conventional technology that assumes a space opened to the atmosphere. Arise.
具体的には、半閉鎖空間であるトンネル内では、長手方向に風が流れている状態である。また、トンネル内を利用する運転者（トンネル内を通行する車両の運転者）の視環境を確保することが重要となる。このような観点では、トンネル内の温度上昇抑制と、トンネル内を利用する運転者の視環境確保の両立を図るために、半閉鎖空間の中でのミスト噴霧に関し、大気開放された空間を対象とする場合よりも、より厳しい使用条件が必要となる。 Specifically, in the tunnel which is a semi-closed space, the wind is flowing in the longitudinal direction. It is also important to ensure a visual environment for a driver who uses the inside of the tunnel (a driver of a vehicle passing through the tunnel). From this point of view, in order to achieve both suppression of the temperature rise in the tunnel and ensuring the visual environment of the driver using the tunnel, the mist spraying in the semi-enclosed space is targeted to the open space. More severe use conditions are required than the case.
本発明は、前記のような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、トンネル内の温度上昇抑制と、トンネル内を利用する運転者の視環境確保の両立を図るミスト噴霧を実現することのできるトンネル内降温用噴霧システムを得ることを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and realizes a mist spray that achieves both suppression of temperature rise in the tunnel and securing of the visual environment of the driver using the tunnel. The purpose is to obtain a spray system for temperature drop in the tunnel.
本発明に係るトンネル内降温用噴霧システムは、半閉鎖空間であるトンネル内で、前記トンネル内の所定のミスト噴霧区画内に設置された噴霧ノズルから水をミストとして噴霧し、トンネル内を利用するドライバーの視環境を確保した上で前記トンネル内の温度上昇を抑制するトンネル内降温用噴霧システムであって、前記ミスト噴霧区画の風下側に配置される前記噴霧ノズルの取り付け位置の高さが、前記ミスト噴霧区画の風上側に配置される前記噴霧ノズルの取り付け位置の高さより高く設定されることを特徴としたものである。 The spray system for temperature drop in the tunnel according to the present invention sprays water as a mist from a spray nozzle installed in a predetermined mist spray section in the tunnel, which is a semi-closed space, and uses the inside of the tunnel. A spray system for lowering the temperature in the tunnel that suppresses the temperature rise in the tunnel while ensuring the visual environment of the driver, the height of the mounting position of the spray nozzle arranged on the leeward side of the mist spray section, It is characterized by being set higher than the height of the mounting position of the spray nozzle arranged on the windward side of the mist spray section.
本発明に係るトンネル内降温用噴霧システムは、半閉鎖空間であるトンネル内で、前記トンネル内の所定のミスト噴霧区画内に設置された噴霧ノズルから水をミストとして噴霧し、トンネル内を利用する運転者の視環境を確保した上で前記トンネル内の温度上昇を抑制するトンネル内降温用噴霧システムであって、前記ミスト噴霧区画の壁面に車路に略平行に敷設され、前記噴霧ノズルを有する複数のミスト配管と、前記ミスト配管の一次側に取り付けられ、前記ミスト配管への水の供給を停止または調整する噴霧制御弁と、前記トンネル内の風向きを測定する風向計と、を備え、前記複数のミスト配管は、前記噴霧ノズルの取り付け高さが低い位置に設定される第１の配管と、該第１の配管よりも前記噴霧ノズルの取り付け位置の高さが高い位置に設定される第２の配管とに構成され、前記第１の配管と前記第２の配管とがトンネルの長手方向に交互に設置され、ミストを噴霧するときに、前記風向計の測定した風向きに応じてミスト噴霧する区画が風上側から風下側へ、前記第１の配管がある区画、前記第２の配管がある区画の順に並ぶように、前記噴霧制御弁を開放制御させることを特徴としたものである。
The spray system for temperature drop in the tunnel according to the present invention sprays water as a mist from a spray nozzle installed in a predetermined mist spray section in the tunnel, which is a semi-closed space, and uses the inside of the tunnel. A spray system for lowering the temperature in a tunnel that suppresses a temperature rise in the tunnel while ensuring a driver's visual environment, and is laid on a wall surface of the mist spray section substantially parallel to a roadway and has the spray nozzle A plurality of mist pipes, a spray control valve that is attached to the primary side of the mist pipe and stops or adjusts the supply of water to the mist pipe, and an anemometer that measures the wind direction in the tunnel, The plurality of mist pipes has a first pipe set at a position where the spray nozzle is mounted at a low height, and the spray nozzle is mounted at a height higher than that of the first pipe. It is configured and the second pipe is set at a position, wherein the first piping and the second piping are installed alternately in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, to come and you sprayed mist, the weather vane to the measured wind direction leeward mist spray to partition from the windward side in accordance with, the first pipe is a partition, so as to line up in order of the second pipe is a partition, opening control the injection control valve It is characterized by making it.
本発明によれば、ミストを噴霧する噴霧ノズルの取り付け位置をトンネル内の風下側を高くしたので、風上側で噴霧され落下しながら風によって風上から流されてきた蒸散途中のミストと、風下側で噴霧されたミストとが同一区画内で上下に分かれて存在し、かつ、上側のミストの方が落下時間を長くとれるので粒径が大きくても運転者の視程を妨げることなく蒸散するので、トンネル内の温度を効果的に下げるトンネル内降温用噴霧システムを得ることができる。 According to the present invention, since the installation position of the spray nozzle for spraying the mist is increased on the leeward side in the tunnel, the mist in the middle of transpiration that has been sprayed and dropped from the windward side while being blown from the windward side, and the leeward side The mist sprayed on the side is divided into upper and lower parts in the same section, and the mist on the upper side has a longer drop time, so even if the particle size is large, it will evaporate without disturbing the driver's visibility. A spray system for lowering the temperature in the tunnel can be obtained that effectively lowers the temperature in the tunnel.
以下、本発明のトンネル内降温用噴霧システムの好適な実施の形態につき、図面を用いて説明する。 Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a spray system for temperature drop in a tunnel of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
＜実施の形態１＞
図１は、本発明の実施の形態１に係わるトンネル内降温用噴霧システムの全体図である。より具体的には、１つの半閉鎖空間を構成するトンネル内における各機器の配置を模式的に示した説明図である。
<Embodiment 1>
FIG. 1 is an overall view of a spray system for temperature drop in a tunnel according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. More specifically, it is an explanatory view schematically showing the arrangement of each device in a tunnel constituting one semi-closed space.
図１では、トンネルにおいて、トンネル内を換気するための送風機３が備えられており、トンネル内には、一定方向（図１では左から右方向）に風が吹いている。 In FIG. 1, the tunnel is provided with a blower 3 for ventilating the inside of the tunnel, and wind is blowing in the tunnel in a certain direction (from left to right in FIG. 1).
トンネル内の所定のミスト噴霧区画内の壁に敷設されたミスト配管５０に複数の噴霧ノズル１０が設けられている。複数の噴霧ノズル１０は、送風機３により発生する風に対して、風上側より、風下側の取り付け位置を高く設定している。例えば、風上側の噴霧ノズル１０の取り付け高さが路面より４ｍであるのに対し、風下側の取り付け高さが路面より５ｍとなっている。 A plurality of spray nozzles 10 are provided in a mist pipe 50 laid on a wall in a predetermined mist spray section in the tunnel. The plurality of spray nozzles 10 are set to have higher attachment positions on the leeward side than the windward side with respect to the wind generated by the blower 3. For example, the mounting height of the spray nozzle 10 on the windward side is 4 m from the road surface, whereas the mounting height on the leeward side is 5 m from the road surface.
噴霧制御弁５１は、後述する噴霧量制御部４０からの指示により、弁開度を制御することができる。また、ミスト噴霧区画の前後には、温湿度計３０（１）、３０（２）が設けられている。なお、温湿度計の配置は、この図１の例に限定されず、温湿度計３０（１）、３０（２）の間に、さらに１以上の温湿度計を配置することも可能である。また、トンネルの入口側には、風向風速計２０が設けられている。 The spray control valve 51 can control the valve opening degree according to an instruction from a spray amount control unit 40 described later. In addition, temperature and humidity meters 30 (1) and 30 (2) are provided before and after the mist spray section. The arrangement of the thermohygrometer is not limited to the example of FIG. 1, and one or more thermohygrometers can be arranged between the thermohygrometers 30 (1) and 30 (2). . An anemometer 20 is provided on the entrance side of the tunnel.
噴霧量制御部４０は、温湿度計３０（１）、３０（２）の測定結果に基づいて、複数の噴霧ノズル１０によるトンネル内への噴霧量を制御可能となっている。 The spray amount control unit 40 can control the spray amount into the tunnel by the plurality of spray nozzles 10 based on the measurement results of the thermohygrometers 30 (1) and 30 (2).
噴霧量制御部４０は、トンネル内の温度が所定値（例えば３０℃）を越えたときに、湿度が所定値（例えば８０％）未満の場合には、ミスト噴霧を開始するため、噴霧制御弁５１に弁開放信号を送信し、また図示しない送水ポンプを起動してミスト配管５０に水を加圧送水させる。 The spray amount control unit 40 starts the mist spray when the temperature in the tunnel exceeds a predetermined value (for example, 30 ° C.) and the humidity is less than the predetermined value (for example, 80%). A valve opening signal is transmitted to 51, and a water pump (not shown) is activated to supply water to the mist pipe 50 under pressure.
加圧送水された水は、噴霧ノズル１０に達すると、ザウター平均粒径が８０μｍ未満のミストとなって放出される。 When the water supplied under pressure reaches the spray nozzle 10, it is discharged as a mist having a Sauter average particle size of less than 80 μm.
放出されたミストは、トンネル内で蒸散し、その際の気化熱によりトンネル内の温度を下げるが、同時にトンネル内の湿度を上げている。湿度が上昇し、８０％以上になると、ミストは蒸散しにくくなり、車のフロントガラスに水滴が付着するなどして、運転者の視程に影響が出る。 The released mist evaporates in the tunnel, and the temperature in the tunnel is lowered by the heat of vaporization at that time, but at the same time the humidity in the tunnel is increased. When the humidity rises to 80% or more, the mist is less likely to evaporate, and water drops adhere to the windshield of the car, affecting the driver's visibility.
噴霧されたミストは風に流され、風下に移動しながら蒸散するので、ミスト噴霧区画では、風下へ行くほど湿度が上がりやすい傾向があるが、本実施の形態のトンネル内では風下側に取り付けられた噴霧ノズル１０の取り付け位置が風上側より高いため、風上側で噴霧され落下しながら風によって風下へ流されてきた蒸散途中のミストと、風下側で噴霧されたミストとが同一区画内で下側と上側に分かれているのでトンネル内の上下方向にまんべんなくミストが存在し、かつ、噴霧直後で粒径の大きなミストの方が上側にあり、落下時間を長くとることができるため、風上側よりも湿度が高くなっている風下側でも全てのミストが運転者の視程を妨げずに蒸散し、トンネル内の温度を下げることができる。 The sprayed mist flows in the wind and evaporates while moving to the leeward, so in the mist spray section, the humidity tends to rise as it goes downwind, but it is attached to the leeward side in the tunnel of this embodiment. Since the installation position of the spray nozzle 10 is higher than the windward side, the mist in the middle of the transpiration that has been sprayed on the windward side and is flown down by the wind while falling and the mist sprayed on the leeward side are lower in the same section. Since there is a mist evenly in the vertical direction in the tunnel because it is divided into the upper side and the upper side, and the mist with a larger particle size is on the upper side immediately after spraying, and the fall time can be taken longer, so than the windward side Even on the leeward side where the humidity is high, all the mist can evaporate without disturbing the visibility of the driver, and the temperature in the tunnel can be lowered.
このとき噴霧量制御部４０は、風向風速計２０が測定した風速によって、噴霧量を調整しても良い。 At this time, the spray amount control unit 40 may adjust the spray amount according to the wind speed measured by the anemometer 20.
なお、本実施の形態では、風上から風下へ向かうほど、噴霧ヘッドの取り付け位置を高くする構成となっているが、図２のように噴霧ヘッドの取り付け位置が、風上から順に低い区画、高い区画と交互に配置してもよい。この場合も噴霧ヘッドの取り付け位置が低い区画で噴霧されて落下しながら風で運ばれた蒸散途中のミストと、噴霧ヘッドの取り付け位置が高い区画で噴霧されたミストが、噴霧ヘッドの取り付け高さが高い区画内で上下に分かれて存在し、かつ、上側のミストの方が落下時間を長くとれるので、噴霧ヘッドの取り付け位置が低い区画と、噴霧ヘッドの取り付け位置が高い区画で１組のミスト噴霧区画と考えることができ、水滴が走行中の車のフロントガラスに付着するなどの視程に影響を与えることなく、効果的にトンネル内の温度を下げることができる。 In the present embodiment, the position of the spray head is increased as it goes from the windward to the windward. You may arrange | position alternately with a high division. In this case as well, the mist in the middle of the transpiration that was sprayed and dropped while being sprayed in the section where the spray head mounting position is low and the mist sprayed in the section where the spray head mounting position is high are the mounting height of the spray head. Since the upper mist has a longer drop time, the mist on the upper side has a longer drop time, so one set of mists is provided in the lower spray head mounting position and the higher spray head mounting position. It can be considered as a spray section, and the temperature in the tunnel can be effectively lowered without affecting visibility such as water droplets adhering to the windshield of a running car.
図１におけるミスト噴霧区画の長手方向の距離が長くなった場合には、図２のように噴霧ヘッドの取り付け位置が、風上から順に低い区画、高い区画と交互に配置することにより、ミスト噴霧区画全体にまんべんなくミストを噴霧することができる。 When the distance in the longitudinal direction of the mist spraying section in FIG. 1 is increased, the mist spraying position is alternately arranged with the lower section and the higher section in order from the windward as shown in FIG. Mist can be sprayed evenly over the entire compartment.
また、本実施の形態では、風が一定方向に吹いているトンネルについて記載しているが、これに限定せず、図３のように噴霧ノズルの取り付け高さが低い第１の配管と、噴霧ノズルの取り付け高さが高い第２の配管を交互に配置し、それぞれのミスト配管ごとに噴霧制御弁５１を設け、風向風速計２０の測定した風向きによって、風上から噴霧ノズルの取り付け高さが低い区画、高い区画の順（第１のミスト配管、第２のミスト配管の順）になるように噴霧制御してもよい。 In the present embodiment, a tunnel in which wind is blowing in a certain direction is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the first pipe having a low mounting height of the spray nozzle as shown in FIG. The second pipes with high nozzle mounting height are alternately arranged, the spray control valve 51 is provided for each mist pipe, and the spray nozzle mounting height from the windward is determined by the wind direction measured by the anemometer 20. You may spray-control so that it may become the order of a low division and a high division (the order of 1st mist piping and 2nd mist piping).
例えば、風が図３の左から右に吹いている場合には、噴霧量制御部４０が噴霧制御弁５１（１）、５１（２）、５１（３）、５１（４）の全てを開放する。また、例えば、風が図３の右から左に吹いている場合には、噴霧量制御部４０が噴霧制御弁５１（２）、５１（３）のみ開放し、噴霧制御弁５１（１）、５１（４）を閉止する。 For example, when the wind is blowing from the left to the right in FIG. 3, the spray amount control unit 40 opens all of the spray control valves 51 (1), 51 (2), 51 (3), and 51 (4). To do. For example, when the wind is blowing from the right to the left in FIG. 3, the spray amount control unit 40 opens only the spray control valves 51 (2) and 51 (3), and the spray control valves 51 (1), 51 (4) is closed.
また、このとき、噴霧量制御部４０が温湿度計３０の計測した温度、湿度、および風向風速計が測定した風向き、風速に対し、それぞれ複数の閾値を記憶し、その組合せにより噴霧制御弁５１（１）、５１（２）、５１（３）、５１（４）の開閉および開度を制御するようにしてもよい。このように制御することで、例えば風が図３の左から右に吹いている場合には、噴霧制御弁５１（１）、５１（２）、５１（３）、５１（４）の開度を半分とし、右から左に吹いている場合には、噴霧制御弁５１（１）、５１（４）を閉止するので、ミストを噴霧する噴霧ノズルの数量が少なくなる分、噴霧制御弁５１（２）、５１（３）を全開とし、１個の噴霧ノズルから噴霧する水量を多くするようにしてもよい。 At this time, the spray amount control unit 40 stores a plurality of threshold values for the temperature and humidity measured by the thermo-hygrometer 30 and the wind direction and wind speed measured by the anemometer, and the spray control valve 51 is combined with the threshold values. (1), 51 (2), 51 (3), and the opening degree of 51 (4) may be controlled. By controlling in this way, for example, when the wind is blowing from the left to the right in FIG. 3, the opening degree of the spray control valves 51 (1), 51 (2), 51 (3), 51 (4) When the air is blown from right to left, the spray control valves 51 (1) and 51 (4) are closed, so that the number of spray nozzles for spraying mist is reduced, and the spray control valve 51 ( 2) and 51 (3) may be fully opened, and the amount of water sprayed from one spray nozzle may be increased.
また、本実施の形態のトンネル内降温用噴霧システムでは、噴霧制御弁５１の開度によりミストの噴霧量を制御しているが、これに限定せず、例えば送水ポンプに送水量を制御できるポンプを用いて、噴霧量制御部からの指示により送水量を制御してもよい。この場合、噴霧制御弁５１（１）、５１（２）、５１（３）、５１（４）の制御は全開もしくは全閉のみとなる。 Further, in the spray system for temperature drop in the tunnel of the present embodiment, the spray amount of the mist is controlled by the opening degree of the spray control valve 51. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, a pump that can control the water feed amount to the water feed pump The water supply amount may be controlled by an instruction from the spray amount control unit. In this case, the control of the spray control valves 51 (1), 51 (2), 51 (3), 51 (4) is only fully open or fully closed.
３ 送風機、１０ 噴霧ノズル、２０ 風向風速計、３０ 温湿度計、４０ 噴霧量制御部、５０ ミスト配管、５１ 噴霧制御弁。
3 blower, 10 spray nozzle, 20 wind direction anemometer, 30 thermohygrometer, 40 spray amount control unit, 50 mist piping, 51 spray control valve.
Claims (3)
前記ミスト噴霧区画の風下側に配置される前記噴霧ノズルの取り付け位置の高さが、前記ミスト噴霧区画の風上側に配置される前記噴霧ノズルの取り付け位置の高さより高く設定されることを特徴としたトンネル内降温用噴霧システム。
In a tunnel which is a semi-enclosed space, water is sprayed as a mist from a spray nozzle installed in a predetermined mist spraying section in the tunnel, and the visual environment of the driver using the tunnel is secured, and then the inside of the tunnel A tunnel temperature drop spraying system that suppresses the temperature rise of the tunnel,
The height of the mounting position of the spray nozzle disposed on the leeward side of the mist spraying section is set higher than the height of the mounting position of the spray nozzle disposed on the leeward side of the mist spraying section. Spray system for cooling down tunnels.
前記ミスト噴霧区画の壁面に車路に略平行に敷設され、前記噴霧ノズルを有する複数のミスト配管と、
前記ミスト配管の一次側に取り付けられ、前記ミスト配管への水の供給を停止または調整する噴霧制御弁と、
前記トンネル内の風向きを測定する風向計と、
を備え、
前記複数のミスト配管は、前記噴霧ノズルの取り付け高さが低い位置に設定される第１の配管と、該第１の配管よりも前記噴霧ノズルの取り付け位置の高さが高い位置に設定される第２の配管とに構成され、前記第１の配管と前記第２の配管とがトンネルの長手方向に交互に設置され、
ミストを噴霧するときに、前記風向計の測定した風向きに応じてミスト噴霧する区画が風上側から風下側へ、前記第１の配管がある区画、前記第２の配管がある区画の順に並ぶように、前記噴霧制御弁を開放制御させることを特徴としたトンネル内降温用噴霧システム。
In a tunnel which is a semi-enclosed space, water is sprayed as a mist from a spray nozzle installed in a predetermined mist spraying section in the tunnel, and the tunnel is used after ensuring the visual environment of the driver using the tunnel. A tunnel temperature lowering spray system that suppresses temperature rise in the tunnel,
A plurality of mist pipes laid on the wall surface of the mist spray section substantially parallel to the roadway and having the spray nozzle;
A spray control valve attached to the primary side of the mist pipe and stopping or adjusting the supply of water to the mist pipe;
An anemometer for measuring the wind direction in the tunnel;
With
The plurality of mist pipes are set to a position where the height of the spray nozzle is set higher than the first pipe, and the position where the spray nozzle is attached is higher than the first pipe. A second pipe, the first pipe and the second pipe are alternately installed in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel ,
The mist bother you spray compartment mist sprayed in accordance with the wind direction measured of the wind vane from the windward side to the leeward side, said first pipe is a partition, the partition is the second pipe to line up in this order, tunnel cooling spray system, characterized in that for opening control the injection control valve.
前記トンネル内の湿度を測定する湿度計と、
前記温度計と前記湿度計の測定値に基づきミスト噴霧の可否を判断し、前記噴霧制御弁を開閉制御する噴霧量制御部と、
を備え、
前記噴霧量制御部は、ミストを噴霧すると判断した際に、前記風向計の測定した風向きに応じてミスト噴霧する区画が風上側から風下側へ、前記第１の配管がある区画、前記第２の配管がある区画の順に並ぶように、前記噴霧制御弁を開放制御させることを特徴とした請求項２に記載のトンネル内降温用噴霧システム。
A thermometer for measuring the temperature in the tunnel;
A hygrometer for measuring the humidity in the tunnel;
A spray amount control unit that determines whether or not mist spraying is possible based on measurement values of the thermometer and the hygrometer, and controls the opening and closing of the spray control valve;
With
When the spray amount control unit determines to spray mist, the section where the mist is sprayed from the windward side to the leeward side according to the wind direction measured by the anemometer, the section where the first piping is provided, the second The spray system for temperature drop in a tunnel according to claim 2 , wherein the spray control valve is controlled to be opened so that the pipes are arranged in order of a certain section .
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