JP6240244B2 - Cold forging die and cold forging method - Google Patents

Cold forging die and cold forging method Download PDF

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JP6240244B2
JP6240244B2 JP2016051191A JP2016051191A JP6240244B2 JP 6240244 B2 JP6240244 B2 JP 6240244B2 JP 2016051191 A JP2016051191 A JP 2016051191A JP 2016051191 A JP2016051191 A JP 2016051191A JP 6240244 B2 JP6240244 B2 JP 6240244B2
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hole
punch pin
workpiece
sleeve
pin
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JP2017164770A (en
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弘行 安藤
弘行 安藤
薫 ▲鶴▼岡
薫 ▲鶴▼岡
友洋 佐野
友洋 佐野
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Yamanaka Engineering Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、冷間鍛造金型及び冷間鍛造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a cold forging die and a cold forging method.

従来の冷間鍛造金型及び方法としては、押圧用パンチピンを有する雄型と、ワーク収容部を有する雌型と、を備え、雌型に収容したワークを、雄型のパンチピンで押圧して、ワークに孔部を形成する金型及び方法が公知である（例えば特許文献１参照）。   As a conventional cold forging die and method, a male die having a pressing punch pin and a female die having a work accommodating portion are provided, and a workpiece accommodated in the female die is pressed with a male punch pin, A mold and a method for forming a hole in a workpiece are known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特開２０００−４２６７４号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-42474

従来の冷間鍛造金型及び方法は、図３（ａ）〜（ｃ）に示すように、ワークＷを雌型95の収容孔93に収容し、パンチピン91が挿入されているスリーブ92を、雌型95に接近させ、スリーブ92の先端基準面92ａからパンチピン91を突出させつつワークＷを押圧すると共に背圧ピン96でワークＷに背圧を付与して、ワークＷにパンチピン91の所定突出寸法Ｓに対応する長孔Ｊを形成し、図４に示すような長孔Ｊを有する有底筒状の鍛造品Ｖを成形していた。
つまり、形成すべき孔の深さ寸法と同じ長さだけパンチピン91をスリーブ92の先端基準面92ａから突出させる必要がある。しかし、パンチピン91の所定突出寸法Ｓが長過ぎると、パンチピン91が座屈して破損する虞があった。例えば、ワークＷがＳ４５Ｃ（炭素鋼）の場合、パンチピン91の所定突出寸法Ｓはパンチピン91の直径寸法ｄ91の５倍以下が限界であった。また、パンチピン91の所定突出寸法Ｓに対応する長孔Ｊよりも深い（長い）孔を設けることができなかった。 As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, a conventional cold forging die and method includes a sleeve 92 in which a workpiece W is accommodated in an accommodation hole 93 of a female die 95 and a punch pin 91 is inserted. The workpiece W is pressed while approaching the female die 95 and the punch pin 91 is projected from the tip reference surface 92a of the sleeve 92, and back pressure is applied to the workpiece W by the back pressure pin 96, and the punch W 91 is projected to the workpiece W by a predetermined amount. A long hole J corresponding to the dimension S was formed, and a bottomed cylindrical forged product V having the long hole J as shown in FIG. 4 was formed.
That is, it is necessary to project the punch pin 91 from the tip reference surface 92a of the sleeve 92 by the same length as the depth dimension of the hole to be formed. However, if the predetermined protruding dimension S of the punch pin 91 is too long, the punch pin 91 may be buckled and damaged. For example, when the workpiece W is S45C (carbon steel), the predetermined projecting dimension S of the punch pin 91 is limited to 5 times or less the diameter dimension d91 of the punch pin 91. Further, a hole deeper (longer) than the long hole J corresponding to the predetermined projecting dimension S of the punch pin 91 could not be provided.

そこで、本発明は、容易かつ確実に安定して孔の成形を行え、しかも、パンチピンの突出寸法よりも長い深さ寸法をもった深孔を形成可能な冷間鍛造金型及び冷間鍛造方法の提供を目的とする。   Accordingly, the present invention provides a cold forging die and a cold forging method capable of forming a hole with ease and surely and stably, and capable of forming a deep hole having a depth dimension longer than the protruding dimension of the punch pin. The purpose is to provide.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の冷間鍛造金型は、パンチピンと、該パンチピンよりも大径であって該パンチピンが挿入された孔部を有するスリーブと、を備えた雄型を具備し、さらに、ワークを収容する第１孔と、該第１孔よりも小径の第２孔と、上記第１孔の終端と上記第２孔の始端とを接続する縮径絞り部と、を有するワーク成形用孔部を備えると共に、上記第２孔内に配設される背圧ピンを備えた雌型を具備し、上記第１孔内のワークを上記スリーブの先端基準面で押圧し、かつ、上記スリーブの先端基準面から上記パンチピンを所定突出寸法まで前進させ、上記パンチピンの先端を上記第１孔の終端よりも深い位置まで突出させて、ワークの奥部を上記第２孔の開口部近傍に押し込むと共に、ワークの奥部に上記背圧ピンで背圧を付与して、ワークに上記所定突出寸法に対応する長孔と底壁部を形成するように構成し、さらに、上記パンチピンの上記所定突出寸法を保持した状態で上記先端基準面にてワークを押圧して、ワークを上記第２孔に押し込むと共にワークに背圧を付与している状態の上記背圧ピンを上記スリーブの押圧前進速度よりも大きい後退速度をもって後退させて、上記パンチピンの先端側においてワーク内に柱状空間部を形成し、上記所定突出寸法よりも長い深さ寸法の深孔を形成するように構成したものである。 In order to achieve the above object, a cold forging die of the present invention comprises a male die comprising a punch pin and a sleeve having a diameter larger than that of the punch pin and having a hole into which the punch pin is inserted. and, further, a first hole to accommodate a workpiece, and a second hole of smaller diameter than said first hole, and a reduced-diameter throttle portion for connecting the starting end and the second hole of the first hole, the A work mold having a female mold with a back pressure pin disposed in the second hole, and pressing the work in the first hole with the tip reference surface of the sleeve; Further, the punch pin is advanced from the reference end surface of the sleeve to a predetermined protruding dimension , the tip of the punch pin is protruded to a position deeper than the end of the first hole, and the back part of the workpiece is opened to the second hole. And push the back pressure pin into the back of the workpiece with the back pressure pin. By applying a, and configured to form a long hole and a bottom wall portion which corresponds to the predetermined protruding dimension to the work, further work in the front end reference face while maintaining the predetermined protruding dimension of the punch pin and pressed by the back pressure pin in a state where the workpiece has granted back pressure to press write Mutotomoni workpiece to the second hole is retracted with a large reverse speed than the pressing forward speed of the sleeve, of the punch pin A columnar space is formed in the workpiece on the tip side, and a deep hole having a depth longer than the predetermined protruding dimension is formed.

また、本発明の冷間鍛造方法は、パンチピンと、該パンチピンよりも大径であって該パンチピンが挿入された孔部を有するスリーブと、を備えた雄型を設け、かつ、ワークを収容するための第１孔と、該第１孔よりも小径の第２孔と、上記第１孔の終端と上記第２孔の始端とを接続する縮径絞り部と、を有するワーク成形用孔部を備えると共に、上記第２孔内に配設される背圧ピンを備えた雌型を設け、上記第１孔にワークを収容し、ワークを上記スリーブの先端基準面で押圧し、かつ、上記スリーブの先端基準面から上記パンチピンを所定突出寸法まで前進させ、上記パンチピンの先端を上記第１孔の終端よりも深い位置まで突出させて、ワークの奥部を上記第２孔の開口部近傍に押し込みつつ上記背圧ピンで背圧を付与して底壁部を形成すると共に、ワークに上記所定突出寸法に対応する長孔を形成し、引き続いて、上記パンチピンの上記所定突出寸法を保持したまま、上記先端基準面にてワークを押圧して、ワークを上記第２孔へ押し込みつつ、上記スリーブの押圧前進速度よりも大きい後退速度をもって上記背圧ピンをワークに背圧を付与しつつ後退させて、上記パンチピンの先端側においてワーク内に柱状空間部を形成しながら上記所定突出寸法よりも長い深さ寸法の深孔を形成する方法である。 Further, the cold forging method of the present invention provides a male die provided with a punch pin and a sleeve having a diameter larger than the punch pin and having a hole into which the punch pin is inserted, and accommodates a workpiece. first hole and, the second hole of smaller diameter than the first hole, the first hole of the termination and the work molding hole having a reduced diameter throttle portion, the connecting the starting end of the second hole for provided with a, a female having a back pressure pin that will be disposed in the second hole provided to accommodate the workpiece in the first hole, presses the workpiece leading end reference surface of the sleeve, and the The punch pin is advanced from the reference end surface of the sleeve to a predetermined protruding dimension , the tip of the punch pin is protruded to a position deeper than the end of the first hole, and the back part of the work is brought close to the opening of the second hole. Applying back pressure with the back pressure pin while pushing down to form the bottom wall Rutotomoni, forming a long hole corresponding to the predetermined protruding dimension to the work, subsequently, while maintaining the predetermined protruding dimension of the punch pin, to press the workpiece at the front end reference face, the workpiece second While pushing into the hole, the back pressure pin is retracted while applying a back pressure to the work at a retreat speed larger than the pressing advance speed of the sleeve, and a columnar space is formed in the work on the tip side of the punch pin. In this method, a deep hole having a depth longer than the predetermined protruding dimension is formed.

本発明によれば、ガンドリル加工等の機械工作加工を行わずに、深い孔を確実に形成でき、製造コストや歩留り等の生産性を向上できる。パンチピンを限界まで突出させる必要がなくなり、座屈による破損を防止でき、鍛造品を容易かつ安定的に生産できる。ワークを他の金型に移し替ることなく、１セットの金型（雄型と雌型）を用いて深孔を成形できる。例えば、プレス機によるプレスを１回行うだけで深孔を形成でき、大量生産を容易かつ安定して行うことができる。   According to the present invention, deep holes can be reliably formed without performing machining such as gun drilling, and productivity such as manufacturing cost and yield can be improved. There is no need to project the punch pin to the limit, damage due to buckling can be prevented, and a forged product can be produced easily and stably. Deep holes can be formed using one set of molds (male mold and female mold) without transferring the workpiece to another mold. For example, a deep hole can be formed only by pressing once with a press machine, and mass production can be easily and stably performed.

本発明の実施の一形態を示す正面断面図であって、（ａ）は成形準備状態の正面断面図であり、（ｂ）はパンチピンの突出終了直後状態の正面断面図であり、（ｃ）はスリーブによる押圧途中状態の正面断面図であり、（ｄ）はスリーブによる押圧終了直後態の正面断面図である。It is front sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of this invention, (a) is front sectional drawing of a shaping preparation state, (b) is front sectional drawing of the state immediately after completion | finish of a punch pin protrusion, (c) FIG. 6 is a front sectional view in a state where pressing by a sleeve is in progress; FIG. 鍛造品の一例を示す正面断面図である。It is a front sectional view showing an example of a forged product. 従来技術を説明するための断面正面図であって、（ａ）は成型準備状態の正面断面図であり、（ｂ）はパンチピンによる押圧開始前状態の正面断面図であり、（ｃ）はパンチピンによる押圧終了直後状態の正面断面図である。It is sectional front view for demonstrating a prior art, (a) is front sectional drawing of a molding preparation state, (b) is front sectional drawing of the state before the press start by a punch pin, (c) is a punch pin. It is front sectional drawing of a state immediately after completion | finish of press by. 従来技術で成形した鍛造品の一例示す正面断面図である。It is front sectional drawing which shows an example of the forged product shape | molded by the prior art.

以下、図示の実施形態に基づき本発明を詳説する。
本発明に係る冷間鍛造金型は、図１（ａ）に示すように、パンチピン１と、パンチピン１よりも大径であってパンチピン１が挿入された孔部20を有するスリーブ２と、を備えた雄型３を具備している。
さらに、ワークＷを収容するための第１孔51と、第１孔51の奥部と連通されると共に第１孔51よりも小径の第２孔52と、第２孔52内に配設され雄型３に押圧されるワークＷに背圧を付与するための背圧ピン55と、を備えた雌型５を具備している。
例えば、雄型３は、プレス機等の押圧移動盤側（上盤側）に配設され、雌型５はプレス機の固定盤側（下盤側）に配設する。
また、パンチピン１、スリーブ２（の孔部20）、第１孔51、第２孔52、背圧ピン55は、同軸心状に配設している（基準軸心Ｌ上に配設される）。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on illustrated embodiments.
The cold forging die according to the present invention includes a punch pin 1 and a sleeve 2 having a diameter larger than that of the punch pin 1 and having a hole 20 into which the punch pin 1 is inserted, as shown in FIG. A male mold 3 is provided.
Further, the first hole 51 for receiving the workpiece W, the second hole 52 having a smaller diameter than the first hole 51 and communicating with the inner part of the first hole 51, and the second hole 52 are disposed. A female mold 5 having a back pressure pin 55 for applying a back pressure to the workpiece W pressed by the male mold 3 is provided.
For example, the male mold 3 is disposed on the press moving board side (upper board side) of a press machine or the like, and the female mold 5 is disposed on the fixed board side (lower board side) of the press machine.
Further, the punch pin 1, the sleeve 2 (the hole 20 thereof), the first hole 51, the second hole 52, and the back pressure pin 55 are disposed coaxially (disposed on the reference axis L). ).

また、図１（ｂ）〜（ｄ）に示すように、パンチピン１は、スリーブ２の先端基準面21から所定突出寸法Ｓだけ突出可能に、スリーブ２の孔部20に軸心Ｌ方向にスライド自在に挿入している。
図例において、パンチピン１は、スリーブ２の先端基準面21から突出する所定突出寸法Ｓの範囲（成形用先端部）が、横断面円形のストレート型丸棒形状である。
また、スリーブ２の先端部２ａは、第１孔51の内面に摺接しつつ挿入可能な大きさに設定している。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 1B to 1D, the punch pin 1 slides in the axial center L direction into the hole 20 of the sleeve 2 so that it can project from the reference end surface 21 of the sleeve 2 by a predetermined projecting dimension S. Insert freely.
In the illustrated example, the punch pin 1 has a straight round bar shape in which a range of a predetermined projecting dimension S projecting from the tip reference surface 21 of the sleeve 2 (molding tip portion) has a circular cross section.
Further, the distal end portion 2 a of the sleeve 2 is set to a size that can be inserted while being in sliding contact with the inner surface of the first hole 51.

そして、図１（ｂ）に示すように、スリーブ２の先端基準面21からパンチピン１の先端11が所定突出寸法Ｓだけ突出すると、図１（ｃ）と図１（ｄ）に示すように、パンチピン１の所定突出寸法Ｓが保持された状態でスリーブ２とパンチピン１が一体状（相対的に軸心Ｌ方向に移動せず）に前進するように構成している。   Then, as shown in FIG. 1B, when the tip 11 of the punch pin 1 protrudes from the tip reference surface 21 of the sleeve 2 by a predetermined protruding dimension S, as shown in FIGS. 1C and 1D, The sleeve 2 and the punch pin 1 are configured to advance integrally (relatively not moving in the direction of the axis L) while the predetermined protruding dimension S of the punch pin 1 is maintained.

パンチピン１とスリーブ２とが一体状に前進する構造としては、例えば、図１（ａ）の成形準備状態（パンチピン１とスリーブ２が第１孔51から離間している状態）で、筒状のスリーブ２の基端部（上部）からパンチピン１の基端部（上端部）を突出させると共に図示省略の雄型用ベース部材にパンチピン１の基端部を固着する。
また、成形準備状態において、スリーブ２を軸心Ｌ方向（上下方向）にスライド自在に押圧用ベース部材に付設すると共に、押圧用ベース部材の下面（押圧面）と、スリーブ２の基端面（上面）とを、所定突出寸法Ｓと同寸法の所定離間寸法をもって配設する。
そして、プレス機による雄型用ベース部材の前進（降下）に伴って、パンチピン１が前進し、パンチピン１の先端11がスリーブ２の先端基準面21から所定突出寸法Ｓだけ突出すると、雄型用ベース部材の押圧面がスリーブ２の基端面に当接して、雄型用ベース部材がパンチピン１とスリーブ２とを一体状に（同時に）前進するように構成している。
或いは、パンチピン１がスリーブ２から所定突出寸法Ｓだけ突出すると、パンチピン１の外面に設けた先端縮径テーパ面が、スリーブ２の孔部20に設けた先端縮径テーパ面に、当接して、パンチピン１とスリーブ２とが一体状に前進するように構成しても良い。 As a structure in which the punch pin 1 and the sleeve 2 advance integrally, for example, in a molding preparation state (a state in which the punch pin 1 and the sleeve 2 are separated from the first hole 51) in FIG. The base end portion (upper end portion) of the punch pin 1 is protruded from the base end portion (upper portion) of the sleeve 2, and the base end portion of the punch pin 1 is fixed to a male base member (not shown).
Further, in the molding preparation state, the sleeve 2 is attached to the pressing base member so as to be slidable in the axis L direction (vertical direction), and the lower surface (pressing surface) of the pressing base member and the base end surface (upper surface) of the sleeve 2 ) Are arranged with a predetermined separation dimension that is the same as the predetermined protrusion dimension S.
Then, as the male base member advances (lowers) by the press machine, the punch pin 1 advances, and when the tip 11 of the punch pin 1 protrudes from the tip reference surface 21 of the sleeve 2 by the predetermined protruding dimension S, The pressing surface of the base member is in contact with the base end surface of the sleeve 2 so that the male base member advances the punch pin 1 and the sleeve 2 integrally (simultaneously).
Alternatively, when the punch pin 1 protrudes from the sleeve 2 by a predetermined projecting dimension S, the tip diameter-reduced taper surface provided on the outer surface of the punch pin 1 contacts the tip diameter-reduced taper surface provided in the hole 20 of the sleeve 2, You may comprise so that the punch pin 1 and the sleeve 2 may advance integrally.

雌型５は、第１孔51と、第２孔52と、第１孔51と第２孔52の間に形成した縮径絞り部60と、でワーク成形用孔部を構成している。雌型５は、ワーク成形用孔部を有する雌型用ダイス部材（雌型用ベース部材）50と背圧ピン55を備えている。   In the female die 5, a work forming hole is constituted by the first hole 51, the second hole 52, and the reduced diameter restricting portion 60 formed between the first hole 51 and the second hole 52. The female die 5 includes a female die member (female base member) 50 having a workpiece forming hole and a back pressure pin 55.

第１孔51及び第２孔52は縦断面ストレート状の内面を有し、第１孔51の縦断面ストレート状内面の終端61と、第２孔52の縦断面ストレート状内面の始端62とを、縦断面傾斜状の面で接続して、縮径絞り部（縮径テーパ部）60を形成している。また、第１孔51（の深さ）よりも、第２孔52の（深さ）を長く形成している。第２孔52の横断面形状（寸法）は、成形すべき鍛造品Ｗ´（図２参照）の横断面形状（寸法）と同等に形成している。第１孔51の横断面形状は、第２孔52の横断面形状よりも寸法の小さい相似形状に形成している。   The first hole 51 and the second hole 52 have a straight inner surface having a vertical cross section, and a terminal 61 of the vertical inner surface of the first hole 51 and a start end 62 of the straight inner surface of the second hole 52 are provided. The diameter-reduced throttle part (reduced-diameter taper part) 60 is formed by connecting the surfaces with an inclined longitudinal section. Further, the (depth) of the second hole 52 is formed longer than the first hole 51 (depth). The cross-sectional shape (size) of the second hole 52 is formed to be equivalent to the cross-sectional shape (size) of the forged product W ′ (see FIG. 2) to be formed. The cross-sectional shape of the first hole 51 is formed in a similar shape having a smaller size than the cross-sectional shape of the second hole 52.

背圧ピン55は、アクチュエータ（例えば、油圧シリンダやエアシリンダ）や弾発付勢部材（例えば、コイルバネ）等の背圧発生後退手段によって、ワークＷに所定の背圧を付与しつつ後退可能に第２孔52内に配設している。   The back pressure pin 55 can be retracted while applying a predetermined back pressure to the workpiece W by back pressure generating and retracting means such as an actuator (for example, a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder) or an elastic biasing member (for example, a coil spring). It is disposed in the second hole 52.

次に、図２に示すような有底円筒状の鍛造品Ｗ´を成形する場合を例に、本発明に係る冷間鍛造金型の作用及び冷間鍛造方法を説明する。
上述のように雄型３と雌型５を設け、プレス機等の押圧力発生手段に設置して、雄型３と雌型５に基準軸心Ｌ方向に相対的に相互に接近離間可能とする。そして、雌型５の第１孔51にワークＷを収容する（成形準備工程）。 Next, the operation of the cold forging die and the cold forging method according to the present invention will be described by taking as an example the case of forming a bottomed cylindrical forged product W ′ as shown in FIG.
As described above, the male mold 3 and the female mold 5 are provided and installed in a pressing force generating means such as a press machine, so that the male mold 3 and the female mold 5 can be relatively close to each other in the reference axis L direction. To do. Then, the workpiece W is accommodated in the first hole 51 of the female die 5 (molding preparation step).

押圧力発生手段によって、パンチピン１及びスリーブ２をワークＷに接近させる。
図１（ｂ）に示すように、第１孔51内にスリーブ２の先端部２ａを挿入し、第１孔51内のワークＷをスリーブ２の先端基準面21で押圧し（ワークＷと先端基準面21を当接させ）、かつ、スリーブ２の先端基準面21からパンチピン１を所定突出寸法Ｓまで突出させ、ワークＷを全体として軸心Ｌ方向に伸長させて、第１孔51内及び縮径絞り部60内において、ワークＷに所定突出寸法Ｓに対応する長孔Ｊを形成（冷間鍛造）する（第１成形工程）。 The punch pin 1 and the sleeve 2 are brought close to the workpiece W by the pressing force generating means.
As shown in FIG. 1B, the tip 2a of the sleeve 2 is inserted into the first hole 51, and the workpiece W in the first hole 51 is pressed by the tip reference surface 21 of the sleeve 2 (work W and tip And the punch pin 1 protrudes from the tip reference surface 21 of the sleeve 2 to a predetermined projecting dimension S, and the workpiece W is extended in the direction of the axis L as a whole. In the reduced diameter drawn portion 60, a long hole J corresponding to the predetermined projecting dimension S is formed (cold forging) in the work W (first forming step).

しかも、第１成形工程（パンチ押圧工程）において、パンチピン１の先端11を第１孔51の終端61よりも深い位置（奥）まで突出させ、パンチピン１の先端11でワークＷの奥部を第２孔52の開口部近傍（上部近傍）に押し込みつつ、背圧ピン55で背圧を付与して、底壁部ｅを形成する。また、スリーブ２の先端基準面21が第１孔51からのワークＷの飛び出しを阻止する。   In addition, in the first molding step (punch pressing step), the tip 11 of the punch pin 1 is projected to a position (back) deeper than the end 61 of the first hole 51, and the tip of the punch pin 1 moves the inner part of the workpiece W first. While pushing into the vicinity of the opening (near the top) of the two holes 52, back pressure is applied by the back pressure pin 55 to form the bottom wall e. Further, the tip reference surface 21 of the sleeve 2 prevents the workpiece W from jumping out of the first hole 51.

パンチピン１の先端11を第１孔51の終端61よりも奥まで突出させることで、底壁部ｅを強い強度を持つように予め形成でき、後述の第２成形工程（スリーブ押圧工程）において、底壁部ｅの形状や、底壁部ｅ近傍の内径寸法が崩れるのを防止でき、所定の深孔内径寸法ｄｗ（図２参照）が得られる。
言い換えると、第１成形工程は、ワークＷを、所定突出寸法Ｓに対応する長孔Ｊと底壁部ｅを有する中間筒状体Ｅに成形する中間筒状体成形工程と言える。また、第１孔51の終端61は、縮径絞り部60の絞り開始端61とも言える。 By projecting the tip 11 of the punch pin 1 deeper than the end 61 of the first hole 51, the bottom wall portion e can be formed in advance so as to have a strong strength. In the second molding step (sleeve pressing step) described later, It is possible to prevent the shape of the bottom wall e and the inner diameter in the vicinity of the bottom wall e from collapsing, and a predetermined deep hole inner diameter dw (see FIG. 2) is obtained.
In other words, it can be said that the first forming step is an intermediate cylindrical body forming step in which the workpiece W is formed into an intermediate cylindrical body E having a long hole J and a bottom wall portion e corresponding to the predetermined protruding dimension S. Also, the end 61 of the first hole 51 can be said to be the stop start end 61 of the reduced diameter stop portion 60.

そして、図１（ｂ）に示すように、スリーブ２の先端基準面21からパンチピン１の先端11が所定突出寸法Ｓだけ突出して（押圧前進して）長孔Ｊを形成し、引き続いて、図１（ｃ）に示すように、パンチピン１の所定突出寸法Ｓを保持したまま（所定突出寸法Ｓを保持した状態で）、パンチピン１とスリーブ２を一体状（同時）に前進させ、スリーブ２の先端基準面21にてワークＷ（中間筒状体Ｅ）を押圧し、ワークＷをパンチピン１に沿わせつつ第２孔52へ押し込み、パンチピン１の外面と第２孔52の内面の間で筒状壁部ｆを形成しつつ、パンチピン１の先端11側へ（下方へ）筒状壁部ｆを押出状に延伸成形し、しかも、スリーブ２の押圧前進速度よりも大きい後退速度をもって背圧ピン55をワークＷ（底壁部ｅ）に背圧を付与しつつ後退させて、パンチピン１の先端11側において（第２孔52内において）、ワークＷ内に柱状空間部Ｋを形成する。
そして、図１（ｃ）〜（ｄ）に示すように、柱状空間部Ｋを延伸成形しながら、所定突出寸法Ｓよりも長い深さ寸法Ｈの深孔Ｑを形成（冷間鍛造）する（第２成形工程）。
深孔Ｑを形成後、パンチピン１及びスリーブ２を後退（上昇）させて鍛造品Ｗ´を雌型５から取り出す（取り出し工程）。 Then, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the tip 11 of the punch pin 1 protrudes (presses and advances) by a predetermined protruding dimension S from the tip reference surface 21 of the sleeve 2 to form a long hole J. As shown in FIG. 1 (c), the punch pin 1 and the sleeve 2 are advanced integrally (simultaneously) while keeping the predetermined protrusion dimension S of the punch pin 1 (in a state where the predetermined protrusion dimension S is maintained). The workpiece W (intermediate cylindrical body E) is pressed by the tip reference surface 21, and the workpiece W is pushed into the second hole 52 along the punch pin 1, and the cylinder is formed between the outer surface of the punch pin 1 and the inner surface of the second hole 52. The cylindrical wall portion f is stretched and formed in an extruded shape toward the tip 11 side (downward) of the punch pin 1 while forming the shape wall portion f, and the back pressure pin has a retreat speed larger than the pressing advance speed of the sleeve 2. Retract 55 while applying back pressure to work W (bottom wall e) , At the tip 11 of the punch pin 1 (in the second hole 52) to form a columnar space K in the work W.
Then, as shown in FIGS. 1C to 1D, a deep hole Q having a depth dimension H longer than the predetermined projecting dimension S is formed (cold forging) while the columnar space K is stretch-molded ( Second molding step).
After forming the deep hole Q, the punch pin 1 and the sleeve 2 are retracted (raised), and the forged product W ′ is taken out from the female die 5 (takeout step).

ここで、説明を容易にするために第１成形工程と第２成形工程を分けて呼んでいるが、第１・第２成形工程中は、引き続いて行われる工程であり、パンチピン１は、雌型用ダイス部材50（第１孔51や第２孔52）や、プレス機の下盤から見て、常に前進（降下）している。つまり、パンチピン１の前進を（停止や後退させずに）１回行うだけで成形が可能な工程であり、製造工程においては、例えば、プレス機にて１回プレスするだけの１工程である。   Here, for ease of explanation, the first molding process and the second molding process are called separately. However, the first and second molding processes are performed continuously, and the punch pins 1 are female. The die member 50 for mold (the first hole 51 and the second hole 52) and the lower plate of the press machine always move forward (lower). That is, the punch pin 1 is a process that can be molded only once (without stopping or retracting), and the manufacturing process is, for example, one process that is performed only once with a press.

ここで、従来では、図３（ｃ）及び図４に示すように、ワークＷ（鍛造品Ｖ）には、パンチピン１の所定突出寸法Ｓをもった長孔Ｊしか形成されず、しかも、長孔Ｊの長さ（所定突出寸法Ｓ）は、ワークＷの材質がＳ４５Ｃ（炭素鋼）の場合で、従来のパンチピン91の直径寸法ｄ91（孔径寸法）の５倍が限界であった。
しかし、本発明は、図１（ｄ）及び図２に示すように、パンチピン１の所定突出寸法Ｓよりも長い深孔Ｑを形成することが可能である。しかも、深孔Ｑの深さ寸法Ｈは、ワークＷの材質がＳ４５Ｃの場合で、パンチピン１の直径寸法ｄ１の７倍以上に成形可能である。（Ｓ４５Ｃの場合で従来に比べて１．４倍以上深い孔を成形できる。）
言い換えると、パンチピン１の所定突出寸法Ｓを短くでき（Ｓ４５Ｃの場合で従来技術に比べて約７２％以下にでき）、座屈による破損を防止して耐久性を向上できる。 Here, conventionally, as shown in FIGS. 3C and 4, the workpiece W (forged product V) is only formed with a long hole J having a predetermined protruding dimension S of the punch pin 1, and is long. The length of the hole J (predetermined protrusion dimension S) is 5 times the diameter dimension d91 (hole diameter dimension) of the conventional punch pin 91 when the material of the workpiece W is S45C (carbon steel).
However, according to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1D and 2, it is possible to form a deep hole Q that is longer than the predetermined protruding dimension S of the punch pin 1. Moreover, the depth dimension H of the deep hole Q can be formed to be 7 times or more the diameter dimension d1 of the punch pin 1 when the material of the workpiece W is S45C. (In the case of S45C, it is possible to mold a hole that is 1.4 times deeper than the conventional one.)
In other words, the predetermined projecting dimension S of the punch pin 1 can be shortened (in the case of S45C, it can be reduced to about 72% or less as compared with the prior art), and damage due to buckling can be prevented and durability can be improved.

なお、本発明は、設計変更可能であって、基準軸心Ｌが、水平状や傾斜状となるように、雄型３及び雌型５を設けても良い。雄型３と雌型５が基準軸心Ｌ方向に相対的に接近離間可能であれば良く、雄型３を固定盤側に設け、雌型５を押圧移動盤側に設けても良い。パンチピン１及びスリーブ２の孔部20の横断面形状は、円形に限らず、楕円状や矩形状や多角形状、歯車形状等自由である。また、第１孔51及び第２孔52の横断面形状は、楕円状や矩形状や多角形状、歯車形状等自由である。パンチピン１の直径寸法ｄ１は、パンチピン１の横断面形状が非円形の場合は、非円形の横断面形状の面積と同じ面積をもった円形を想定し、その想定した円形の直径寸法を言う。また、基準軸心Ｌに沿った矢印Ｎａの方向を、軸心一方向Ｎａと呼ぶと、パンチピン１やスリーブ２の前進及び背圧ピン55の後退は、軸心一方向Ｎａに進むことである。   In the present invention, the design can be changed, and the male mold 3 and the female mold 5 may be provided so that the reference axis L is horizontal or inclined. It is only necessary that the male mold 3 and the female mold 5 are relatively close to and away from each other in the direction of the reference axis L. The male mold 3 may be provided on the fixed platen side and the female die 5 may be provided on the pressing and moving plate side. The cross-sectional shape of the hole 20 of the punch pin 1 and the sleeve 2 is not limited to a circle, and may be an ellipse, a rectangle, a polygon, a gear shape, or the like. Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the 1st hole 51 and the 2nd hole 52 is free, such as elliptical shape, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, and a gear shape. When the cross-sectional shape of the punch pin 1 is non-circular, the diameter d1 of the punch pin 1 assumes a circular shape having the same area as the area of the non-circular cross-sectional shape, and refers to the assumed circular diameter size. When the direction of the arrow Na along the reference axis L is referred to as the axial center direction Na, the forward movement of the punch pin 1 and the sleeve 2 and the backward movement of the back pressure pin 55 are advanced in the axial direction Na. .

以上のように、本発明の冷間鍛造金型は、パンチピン１と、パンチピン１よりも大径であってパンチピン１が挿入された孔部20を有するスリーブ２と、を備えた雄型３を具備し、さらに、ワークＷを収容する第１孔51と、第１孔51の奥部と連通されると共に第１孔51よりも小径の第２孔52と、を有する雌型５を備え、第１孔51内のワークＷをスリーブ２の先端基準面21で押圧し、かつ、スリーブ２の先端基準面21からパンチピン１を所定突出寸法Ｓまで突出させてワークＷに所定突出寸法Ｓに対応する長孔Ｊを形成し、パンチピン１の所定突出寸法Ｓを保持した状態で先端基準面21にてワークＷを押圧して、ワークＷを第２孔52に押し込み、パンチピン１の先端11側においてワークＷ内に柱状空間部Ｋを形成し、所定突出寸法Ｓよりも長い深さ寸法Ｈの深孔Ｑを形成するように構成したので、ガンドリル加工等の機械工作加工を行わずに、深孔Ｑを確実に形成でき、製造コストや歩留り等の生産性を向上できる。パンチピン１を限界まで突出させる必要がなくなり、座屈による破損を防止でき、鍛造品Ｗ´を容易かつ安定的に生産できる。ワークＷを他の金型に移し替ることなく、１セットの金型（雄型３と雌型５）を用いて深孔Ｑを成形できる。例えば、プレス機によるプレスを１回行うだけで深孔Ｑを形成でき、大量生産を容易かつ安定して行うことができる。   As described above, the cold forging die of the present invention includes the male die 3 including the punch pin 1 and the sleeve 2 having the hole 20 having a diameter larger than that of the punch pin 1 and into which the punch pin 1 is inserted. And a female die 5 having a first hole 51 that accommodates the workpiece W, and a second hole 52 that communicates with the inner part of the first hole 51 and has a smaller diameter than the first hole 51, The workpiece W in the first hole 51 is pressed by the tip reference surface 21 of the sleeve 2, and the punch pin 1 is projected from the tip reference surface 21 of the sleeve 2 to the predetermined projection dimension S, so that the workpiece W corresponds to the predetermined projection dimension S. A long hole J is formed, and the workpiece W is pressed by the tip reference surface 21 in a state in which the predetermined projecting dimension S of the punch pin 1 is maintained, the workpiece W is pushed into the second hole 52, and on the tip 11 side of the punch pin 1 A columnar space K is formed in the workpiece W, and the depth dimension H is longer than the predetermined projecting dimension S. Since the deep hole Q is formed, the deep hole Q can be reliably formed without performing machining such as gun drilling, and productivity such as manufacturing cost and yield can be improved. It is not necessary to project the punch pin 1 to the limit, damage due to buckling can be prevented, and the forged product W ′ can be produced easily and stably. The deep hole Q can be formed using one set of molds (male mold 3 and female mold 5) without transferring the workpiece W to another mold. For example, the deep hole Q can be formed only by performing pressing by a press once, and mass production can be easily and stably performed.

また、本発明の冷間鍛造方法は、パンチピン１と、パンチピン１よりも大径であってパンチピン１が挿入された孔部20を有するスリーブ２と、を備えた雄型３を設け、かつ、ワークＷを収容するための第１孔51の奥部に連通されると共に第１孔51よりも小径の第２孔52と、第２孔52内に配設され雄型３に押圧されるワークＷに背圧を付与するための背圧ピン55と、を備えた雌型５を設け、第１孔51にワークＷを収容し、ワークＷをスリーブ２の先端基準面21で押圧し、かつ、スリーブ２の先端基準面21からパンチピン１を所定突出寸法Ｓまで突出させてワークＷに所定突出寸法Ｓに対応する長孔Ｊを形成し、引き続いて、パンチピン１の所定突出寸法Ｓを保持したまま、先端基準面21にてワークＷを押圧して、ワークＷを第２孔52へ押し込みつつ、スリーブ２の押圧前進速度よりも大きい後退速度をもって背圧ピン55をワークＷに背圧を付与しつつ後退させて、パンチピン１の先端11側においてワークＷ内に柱状空間部Ｋを形成しながら所定突出寸法Ｓよりも長い深さ寸法Ｈの深孔Ｑを形成するので、ガンドリル加工等の機械工作加工を行わずに、深孔Ｑを確実に形成でき、製造コストや歩留り等の生産性を向上できる。パンチピン１を限界まで突出させる必要がなくなり、座屈による破損を防止でき、鍛造品Ｗ´を容易かつ安定的に生産できる。ワークＷを他の金型に移し替ることなく、１セットの金型（雄型３と雌型５）を用いて深孔Ｑを成形できる。例えば、プレス機によるプレスを１回行うだけで深孔Ｑを形成でき、大量生産を容易かつ安定して行うことができる。   Further, the cold forging method of the present invention includes a male die 3 including a punch pin 1 and a sleeve 2 having a hole 20 having a diameter larger than that of the punch pin 1 and into which the punch pin 1 is inserted, and A second hole 52 having a diameter smaller than that of the first hole 51 and a work that is disposed in the second hole 52 and pressed by the male die 3 are communicated with the inner part of the first hole 51 for accommodating the work W. A female die 5 having a back pressure pin 55 for applying a back pressure to W is provided, the work W is accommodated in the first hole 51, the work W is pressed by the tip reference surface 21 of the sleeve 2, and The punch pin 1 is protruded from the tip reference surface 21 of the sleeve 2 to a predetermined protrusion dimension S to form a long hole J corresponding to the predetermined protrusion dimension S in the workpiece W, and subsequently the predetermined protrusion dimension S of the punch pin 1 is maintained. While pressing the workpiece W at the tip reference surface 21 and pushing the workpiece W into the second hole 52, The back pressure pin 55 is retracted while applying a back pressure to the work W at a retreating speed larger than the pressing advance speed of the leave 2, and a predetermined space portion K is formed in the work W on the tip 11 side of the punch pin 1. Since the deep hole Q with a depth dimension H longer than the protruding dimension S is formed, the deep hole Q can be reliably formed without performing machining such as gun drilling, and productivity such as manufacturing cost and yield is improved. it can. It is not necessary to project the punch pin 1 to the limit, damage due to buckling can be prevented, and the forged product W ′ can be produced easily and stably. The deep hole Q can be formed using one set of molds (male mold 3 and female mold 5) without transferring the workpiece W to another mold. For example, the deep hole Q can be formed only by performing pressing by a press once, and mass production can be easily and stably performed.

１ パンチピン
２ スリーブ
３ 雄型
５ 雌型
11 先端
20 孔部
21 先端基準面
51 第１孔
52 第２孔
55 背圧ピン
60 縮径絞り部
61 終端
62 始端
ｅ 底壁部
Ｈ 深さ寸法
Ｊ 長孔
Ｋ 柱状空間部
Ｑ 深孔
Ｓ 突出寸法
Ｗ ワーク 1 punch pin 2 sleeve 3 male mold 5 female mold
11 Tip
20 holes
21 Tip reference surface
51 1st hole
52 2nd hole
55 Back pressure pin
60 diameter reduction part
61 termination
62 Beginning
e Bottom wall H Depth dimension J Long hole K Column space Q Deep hole S Projection dimension W Workpiece

Claims (2)

パンチピン（１）と、該パンチピン（１）よりも大径であって該パンチピン（１）が挿入された孔部（20）を有するスリーブ（２）と、を備えた雄型（３）を具備し、
さらに、ワーク（Ｗ）を収容する第１孔（51）と、該第１孔（51）よりも小径の第２孔（52）と、上記第１孔（51）の終端（61）と上記第２孔（52）の始端（62）とを接続する縮径絞り部（60）と、を有するワーク成形用孔部を備えると共に、上記第２孔（52）内に配設される背圧ピン（55）を備えた雌型（５）を具備し、
上記第１孔（51）内のワーク（Ｗ）を上記スリーブ（２）の先端基準面（21）で押圧し、かつ、上記スリーブ（２）の先端基準面（21）から上記パンチピン（１）を所定突出寸法（Ｓ）まで前進させ、上記パンチピン（１）の先端（11）を上記第１孔（51）の終端（61）よりも深い位置まで突出させて、ワーク（Ｗ）の奥部を上記第２孔（52）の開口部近傍に押し込むと共に、ワーク（Ｗ）の奥部に上記背圧ピン（55）で背圧を付与して、ワーク（Ｗ）に上記所定突出寸法（Ｓ）に対応する長孔（Ｊ）と底壁部（ｅ）を形成するように構成し、さらに、上記パンチピン（１）の上記所定突出寸法（Ｓ）を保持した状態で上記先端基準面（21）にてワーク（Ｗ）を押圧して、ワーク（Ｗ）を上記第２孔（52）に押し込むと共にワーク（Ｗ）に背圧を付与している状態の上記背圧ピン（55）を上記スリーブ（２）の押圧前進速度よりも大きい後退速度をもって後退させて、上記パンチピン（１）の先端（11）側においてワーク（Ｗ）内に柱状空間部（Ｋ）を形成し、上記所定突出寸法（Ｓ）よりも長い深さ寸法（Ｈ）の深孔（Ｑ）を形成するように構成したことを特徴とする冷間鍛造金型。 A male die (3) comprising a punch pin (1) and a sleeve (2) having a diameter (20) larger than that of the punch pin (1) and having a hole (20) into which the punch pin (1) is inserted. And
Furthermore, the workpiece first hole for accommodating the (W) (51), the diameter of the second hole (52) than said first hole (51), and terminating (61) of said first hole (51) above A back pressure disposed in the second hole (52), including a work forming hole portion having a reduced diameter restricting portion (60) connecting the start end (62) of the second hole (52). Comprising a female mold (5) with a pin (55);
The workpiece (W) in the first hole (51) is pressed by the tip reference surface (21) of the sleeve (2), and the punch pin (1) from the tip reference surface (21) of the sleeve (2). Is advanced to a predetermined projecting dimension (S), and the tip (11) of the punch pin (1) is projected to a position deeper than the terminal end (61) of the first hole (51), so that the back part of the workpiece (W) Is pushed into the vicinity of the opening of the second hole (52), and back pressure is applied to the back of the work (W) by the back pressure pin (55), so that the predetermined projecting dimension (S) is applied to the work (W). ) And a bottom wall portion (e) corresponding to the front end reference surface (21) while maintaining the predetermined projecting dimension (S) of the punch pin (1). ) by pressing the workpiece (W) at, with the back pressure of the workpiece (W) to write Mutotomoni workpiece (W) push said second hole (52) The back pressure pin to which state (55) is retracted with a large reverse speed than the pressing forward speed of the sleeve (2), the workpiece (W) to the tip (11) side of the punch pin (1) A cold forging die characterized by forming a columnar space (K) and forming a deep hole (Q) having a depth dimension (H) longer than the predetermined protruding dimension (S). パンチピン（１）と、該パンチピン（１）よりも大径であって該パンチピン（１）が挿入された孔部（20）を有するスリーブ（２）と、を備えた雄型（３）を設け、かつ、ワーク（Ｗ）を収容するための第１孔（51）と、該第１孔（51）よりも小径の第２孔（52）と、上記第１孔（51）の終端（61）と上記第２孔（52）の始端（62）とを接続する縮径絞り部（60）と、を有するワーク成形用孔部を備えると共に、上記第２孔（52）内に配設される背圧ピン（55）を備えた雌型（５）を設け、
上記第１孔（51）にワーク（Ｗ）を収容し、ワーク（Ｗ）を上記スリーブ（２）の先端基準面（21）で押圧し、かつ、上記スリーブ（２）の先端基準面（21）から上記パンチピン（１）を所定突出寸法（Ｓ）まで前進させ、上記パンチピン（１）の先端（11）を上記第１孔（51）の終端（61）よりも深い位置まで突出させて、ワーク（Ｗ）の奥部を上記第２孔（52）の開口部近傍に押し込みつつ上記背圧ピン（55）で背圧を付与して底壁部（ｅ）を形成すると共に、ワーク（Ｗ）に上記所定突出寸法（Ｓ）に対応する長孔（Ｊ）を形成し、引き続いて、上記パンチピン（１）の上記所定突出寸法（Ｓ）を保持したまま、上記先端基準面（21）にてワーク（Ｗ）を押圧して、ワーク（Ｗ）を上記第２孔（52）へ押し込みつつ、上記スリーブ（２）の押圧前進速度よりも大きい後退速度をもって上記背圧ピン（55）をワーク（Ｗ）に背圧を付与しつつ後退させて、上記パンチピン（１）の先端（11）側においてワーク（Ｗ）内に柱状空間部（Ｋ）を形成しながら上記所定突出寸法（Ｓ）よりも長い深さ寸法（Ｈ）の深孔（Ｑ）を形成することを特徴とする冷間鍛造方法。 There is provided a male die (3) comprising a punch pin (1) and a sleeve (2) having a hole (20) having a diameter larger than that of the punch pin (1) and having the punch pin (1) inserted therein. and a work (W) first hole (51) for accommodating, the small-diameter second hole (52) than the first hole (51), said first hole end (61 (51) ) And a diameter reducing portion (60) for connecting the start end (62) of the second hole (52), and a work forming hole portion disposed in the second hole (52). back pressure pin (55) female with a (5) provided that,
The workpiece (W) is accommodated in the first hole (51), the workpiece (W) is pressed by the tip reference surface (21) of the sleeve (2), and the tip reference surface (21 of the sleeve (2) is ), The punch pin (1) is advanced to a predetermined protruding dimension (S), and the tip (11) of the punch pin (1) is protruded to a position deeper than the end (61) of the first hole (51), While pressing the back part of the work (W) into the vicinity of the opening of the second hole (52), back pressure is applied by the back pressure pin (55) to form the bottom wall part (e), and the work (W ) to form a long hole corresponding to the predetermined protruding dimension (S) (J), subsequently while maintaining the predetermined protruding dimension of the (S) of the punch pin (1), to the front end reference face (21) The workpiece (W) is pressed to push the sleeve (2) while pushing the workpiece (W) into the second hole (52). The back pressure pin (55) is retracted while applying a back pressure to the work (W) at a retreat speed greater than the advance speed, and a columnar shape is formed in the work (W) on the tip (11) side of the punch pin (1). A cold forging method, wherein a deep hole (Q) having a depth dimension (H) longer than the predetermined projecting dimension (S) is formed while forming a space (K).
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