JP6222107B2 - 車両 - Google Patents
車両 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6222107B2 JP6222107B2 JP2014551760A JP2014551760A JP6222107B2 JP 6222107 B2 JP6222107 B2 JP 6222107B2 JP 2014551760 A JP2014551760 A JP 2014551760A JP 2014551760 A JP2014551760 A JP 2014551760A JP 6222107 B2 JP6222107 B2 JP 6222107B2
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 330
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 29
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 28
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 nickel metal hydride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009774 resonance method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H02J5/005—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/126—Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
-
- H02J7/025—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00045—Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
Description
好ましくは、車両は、送電装置と無線通信を行なう通信部をさらに備える。送電装置により読出される識別情報において示される車両情報が、通信部から送電装置へ送信される情報において示される車両情報に対応する場合に、当該車両は、送電装置から電力供給されるべき車両であると認識される。
また、好ましくは、受電部は、受電部と送電装置の送電部との間に形成される磁界と、受電部と送電部との間に形成される電界との少なくとも一方を通じて、送電部から受電する。磁界および電界は、受電部と送電部との間に形成され、かつ、特定の周波数で振動する。
図1は、この発明の実施の形態による給電システム10の全体構成図である。図1を参照して、給電システム10は、車両100と、送電装置200とを備える。送電装置200は、電源装置210と、送電部220と、RFIDリーダ270とを含む。
図3は、送電装置200から車両100への電力伝送時の等価回路図である。図3を参照して、送電装置200において、送電部220の電磁誘導コイル223は、共振コイル221と所定の間隔をおいて、たとえば共振コイル221と略同軸上に設けられる。電磁誘導コイル223は、電磁誘導により共振コイル221と磁気的に結合し、電源装置210から供給される高周波電力を電磁誘導により共振コイル221へ供給する。
f2=1/{2π(Lr×C2)1/2} … (2)
ここで、インダクタンスLrおよびキャパシタンスC1,C2を固定して、インダクタンスLtのみを変化させた場合において、第2コイル93および第3コイル96の固有周波数のズレと電力伝送効率との関係を図5に示す。なお、このシミュレーションにおいては、共振コイル94および共振コイル99の相対的な位置関係は固定とし、さらに、第2コイル93に供給される電流の周波数は一定である。
図5から明らかなように、固有周波数のズレ(%)が0%の場合には、電力伝送効率は100%近くとなる。固有周波数のズレ(%)が±5%の場合には、電力伝送効率は40%程度となる。固有周波数のズレ(%)が±10%の場合には、電力伝送効率は10%程度となる。固有周波数のズレ(%)が±15%の場合には、電力伝送効率は5%程度となる。すなわち、固有周波数のズレ(%)の絶対値(固有周波数の差)が、第3コイル96の固有周波数の10%以下の範囲となるように第2コイル93および第3コイル96の固有周波数を設定することで、電力伝送効率を実用的なレベルに高めることができることがわかる。さらに、固有周波数のズレ(%)の絶対値が第3コイル96の固有周波数の5%以下となるように第2コイル93および第3コイル96の固有周波数を設定すると、電力伝送効率をさらに高めることができるのでより好ましい。なお、シミュレーションソフトしては、電磁界解析ソフトウェア(JMAG(登録商標):株式会社JSOL製)を採用している。
上記のような給電システムにおいては、電力伝送が非接触で行なわれるので、送電装置と車両との間における各種情報の伝達についても、通信部による無線通信で行なわれるのが一般的である。この通信部を用いた無線通信については、送電装置が利用可能であることを複数の車両に通知するために、あるいは複数の送電装置のうち利用可能な送電装置を車両から探索可能なように、一般的に通信可能範囲が比較的広範囲となるように設計される。
Claims (7)
- 送電装置から電力を受電する車両であって、
前記送電装置から出力される電力を非接触で受電する受電部と、
前記送電装置において当該車両を認識するための識別情報であって前記送電装置により非接触で被読出可能な情報が予め記憶された第1から第3のIDタグとを備え、
前記第1のIDタグは、車体前方端に配置され、
前記第2のIDタグは、車体後方端に配置され、
前記第3のIDタグは、前記受電部に近接して配置され、
前記受電部は、車体下部に配設され、
前記第3のIDタグは、前記受電部から車体前方端までの距離と、前記受電部から車体後方端までの距離とのうち、距離が長い方の車体端部側において前記受電部に近接して配置される、車両。 - 前記第1から第3のIDタグの各々は、車体左右方向について略中央に配置される、請求項1に記載の車両。
- 前記送電装置と無線通信を行なう通信部をさらに備え、
前記送電装置により読出される前記識別情報において示される車両情報が、前記通信部から前記送電装置へ送信される情報において示される車両情報に対応する場合に、当該車両は、前記送電装置から電力供給されるべき車両であると認識される、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の車両。 - 前記第1から第3のIDタグの各々と前記送電装置との通信可能距離は、前記通信部と前記送電装置との通信可能距離よりも短い、請求項3に記載の車両。
- 前記受電部の固有周波数と前記送電装置の送電部の固有周波数との差は、前記受電部の固有周波数または前記送電部の固有周波数の±10%以下である、請求項1に記載の車両。
- 前記受電部と前記送電装置の送電部との結合係数は0.3以下である、請求項1に記載の車両。
- 前記受電部は、前記受電部と前記送電装置の送電部との間に形成される磁界と、前記受電部と前記送電部との間に形成される電界との少なくとも一方を通じて、前記送電部から受電し、
前記磁界および前記電界は、前記受電部と前記送電部との間に形成され、かつ、特定の周波数で振動する、請求項1に記載の車両。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/JP2012/082013 WO2014091549A1 (ja) | 2012-12-11 | 2012-12-11 | 車両、送電装置および給電システム |
Publications (2)
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JPWO2014091549A1 JPWO2014091549A1 (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
JP6222107B2 true JP6222107B2 (ja) | 2017-11-01 |
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JP2014551760A Active JP6222107B2 (ja) | 2012-12-11 | 2012-12-11 | 車両 |
Country Status (4)
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US (1) | US10787085B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6222107B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104871400B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014091549A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102014205672A1 (de) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-10-01 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Herstellerübergreifendes Positionierungssystem für induktives Laden |
US20160023557A1 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2016-01-28 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Devices, systems, and method for dynamic electric vehicle charging with position detection |
WO2016050156A1 (zh) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | 陈念祖 | 无线充电***及装置 |
US10418863B1 (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2019-09-17 | Apple Inc. | Charging system |
JP6820513B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-21 | 2021-01-27 | 清水建設株式会社 | 無線電力伝送システムおよび無線電力伝送方法 |
JP6503398B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-04-17 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 非接触電力伝送システム |
US11148537B2 (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2021-10-19 | Hyundai Motor Company | Method and apparatus for controlling wireless power transfer |
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JP3719038B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-10 | 2005-11-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 路車間通信の通信エリア設定方法および路側通信装置 |
JP2005210843A (ja) | 2004-01-23 | 2005-08-04 | Toyota Motor Corp | 電力供給システム、車載電源装置及び路側電源装置 |
JP2007019719A (ja) | 2005-07-06 | 2007-01-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 携帯端末装置、無線通信ユニット、および使用制限システム |
US7825543B2 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2010-11-02 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Wireless energy transfer |
AU2006269374C1 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2010-03-25 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Wireless non-radiative energy transfer |
JP4937064B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-22 | 2012-05-23 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 速度計測システム |
CN101490731B (zh) * | 2006-09-22 | 2011-06-15 | 株式会社半导体能源研究所 | 安装有rfid标签的轮式车辆、rfid标签、速度测量***、以及速度测量方法 |
CN103633745B (zh) | 2007-03-27 | 2015-09-09 | 麻省理工学院 | 用于无线能量传输的方法 |
JP4453741B2 (ja) | 2007-10-25 | 2010-04-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電動車両および車両用給電装置 |
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WO2012169015A1 (ja) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-13 | パイオニア株式会社 | インピーダンス整合装置、制御方法 |
JP5641027B2 (ja) | 2012-09-07 | 2014-12-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 送電装置、車両および非接触給電システム |
-
2012
- 2012-12-11 JP JP2014551760A patent/JP6222107B2/ja active Active
- 2012-12-11 WO PCT/JP2012/082013 patent/WO2014091549A1/ja active Application Filing
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CN104871400B (zh) | 2018-09-11 |
WO2014091549A1 (ja) | 2014-06-19 |
CN104871400A (zh) | 2015-08-26 |
JPWO2014091549A1 (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
US10787085B2 (en) | 2020-09-29 |
US20150283909A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
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