JP6215092B2 - Vacuum degassing equipment - Google Patents
Vacuum degassing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- JP6215092B2 JP6215092B2 JP2014045262A JP2014045262A JP6215092B2 JP 6215092 B2 JP6215092 B2 JP 6215092B2 JP 2014045262 A JP2014045262 A JP 2014045262A JP 2014045262 A JP2014045262 A JP 2014045262A JP 6215092 B2 JP6215092 B2 JP 6215092B2
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Description
本発明は、溶鋼の脱ガス、脱炭処理等に使用される真空脱ガス装置に関し、特にその浸漬管の構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a vacuum degassing apparatus used for degassing and decarburizing treatment of molten steel, and more particularly to the structure of the dip tube.
ＲＨやＤＨなどの真空脱ガス装置において、溶鋼を真空槽に導く浸漬管及び環流管は内孔を溶鋼が通過するため、他の部位に比べて内孔にライニングされている耐火物の損耗が速い。 In vacuum degassing devices such as RH and DH, since the molten steel passes through the inner hole of the dip pipe and the reflux pipe that guide the molten steel to the vacuum tank, the wear of the refractory lined in the inner hole is less than other parts. fast.
内孔の耐火物の損耗が進むと浸漬管は還流管との接合部であるフランジ部から取り外されて新品に交換されるが、環流管は真空槽と一体化しているために随時、補修しなければならない。補修としては、枠を内孔に設けて不定形耐火物を流し込む方法、不定形耐火物を直接内孔面へ吹き付け補修する方法、あるいは内孔にスリーブを装着する方法などが知られている。 As wear of the refractory in the inner hole progresses, the dip tube is removed from the flange, which is the junction with the reflux tube, and replaced with a new one, but the reflux tube is integrated with the vacuum chamber and repaired as needed. There must be. As repairs, there are known a method in which a frame is provided in the inner hole and an irregular refractory is poured, a method in which the irregular refractory is sprayed directly onto the inner hole surface, a method in which a sleeve is attached to the inner hole, and the like.
例えば特許文献１には、損傷した環流管にスリーブを装入し、スリーブと損傷部位との間に不定形耐火物を充填する方法が開示されている。また、特許文献２では、損傷の原因が環流管に配置される多数のれんがの接合部の目地及び環流管と浸漬管との接合部にあるとし、環流管の内面から浸漬管の上部の内面をスリーブで構成することが記載されている。 For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of inserting a sleeve into a damaged reflux tube and filling an amorphous refractory between the sleeve and the damaged portion. Further, in Patent Document 2, it is assumed that the cause of damage is the joints of a large number of bricks arranged in the reflux tube and the junction between the reflux tube and the dip tube, and the inner surface of the dip tube from the inner surface of the reflux tube Is constituted by a sleeve.
このように損傷した環流管を補修するために、環流管又は環流管から浸漬管の上部にかけてスリーブを配置したり、あるいは不定形耐火物などで補修した場合、その補修箇所にスリーブや不定形耐火物が存在することから、当該補修箇所の内孔径は浸漬管の本体の内孔径より小さくなる場合が多い（本明細書では、この内孔径が小さくなっている部分を「内孔縮小部」という。）。 In order to repair such a damaged reflux tube, when a sleeve is placed from the reflux tube or from the reflux tube to the top of the dip tube, or when repaired with an irregular refractory, the sleeve or irregular refractory Since there is an object, the inner hole diameter of the repaired portion is often smaller than the inner hole diameter of the main body of the dip tube (in this specification, the portion where the inner hole diameter is smaller is referred to as an “inner hole reducing portion”) .)
しかし、この内孔縮小部があると、特にその部分において溶鋼流による損耗が発生しやすく、環流管や浸漬管の寿命をスリーブ等による内孔縮小部の損耗が左右することがある。 However, if this inner hole reduced portion is present, wear due to the molten steel flow tends to occur particularly in that portion, and the wear of the inner hole reduced portion due to the sleeve or the like may affect the life of the circulating pipe or dip pipe.
そこで、本発明が解決しようとする課題は、環流管又は環流管から浸漬管の上部にかけて内孔縮小部を有する真空脱ガス装置において、内孔縮小部の損耗を低減することにある。 Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the wear of the inner hole reduced portion in the vacuum degassing apparatus having the inner hole reduced portion from the reflux tube or the reflux tube to the upper part of the dip tube.
本発明者等は、上記課題の解決のために鋭意研究した結果、内孔縮小部の損耗の大きな要因は、浸漬管及び環流管内での溶鋼の上昇時に内孔縮小部表面の溶鋼流速が速くなることにあり、そして、内孔縮小部表面の溶鋼流速を低下させるためには、浸漬管の下端部の内孔径を小さくすることが有効であることを知見した。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that the major factor of wear of the inner hole reduction part is that the molten steel flow velocity on the surface of the inner hole reduction part is high when the molten steel rises in the dip pipe and the reflux pipe. In order to reduce the molten steel flow velocity on the surface of the reduced inner diameter portion, it has been found that it is effective to reduce the inner diameter of the lower end of the dip tube.
すなわち本発明の一観点によれば、真空槽の下部に環流管を有し、この環流管の下部に上昇管が接合されており、前記環流管又は当該環流管から前記上昇管の上部にかけて、内孔径が前記上昇管の本体の内孔径よりも小さくなっている内孔縮小部を有する真空脱ガス装置において、前記上昇管の下端部に、この下端部の内孔径が前記内孔縮小部の内孔径以下となるように突出部を設けている真空脱ガス装置が提供される。 That is, according to one aspect of the present invention, a reflux pipe is provided at the lower part of the vacuum chamber, and a riser pipe is joined to the lower part of the reflux pipe, from the reflux pipe or the reflux pipe to the upper part of the riser pipe , in the vacuum degassing apparatus having a bore reduction unit which is smaller than the bore diameter of the bore diameter of the main body of the riser, the lower end of the riser, the inner bore diameter of the lower end of the bore reduction section There is provided a vacuum degassing apparatus provided with a protruding portion so as to be equal to or smaller than the inner hole diameter.
本発明によれば、浸漬管の下端部に突出部を設け、その下端部の内孔径を内孔縮小部の内孔径以下としたことで、内孔縮小部表面の溶鋼流速が低下する。これにより、内孔縮小部の損耗が大幅に低減され、環流管及び浸漬管の寿命、ひいては真空脱ガス装置の寿命を延長することが可能となる。 According to the present invention, a protrusion provided at the lower end of the dip tube that has an inner bore diameter or less of a lumen reduction unit an inner hole diameter of the lower end portion, the molten steel flow speed lumen reduction unit surface is reduced. As a result, the wear of the inner hole reduced portion is significantly reduced, and the life of the reflux pipe and the dip pipe, and thus the life of the vacuum degassing apparatus can be extended.
以下、図面に示す実施例に基づき、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples shown in the drawings.
本発明の一実施例による真空脱ガス装置（ＲＨ脱ガス装置）の要部であって、上昇管側の真空槽から浸漬管にかけての縦断面図である。 It is a principal part of the vacuum degassing apparatus (RH degassing apparatus) by one Example of this invention, Comprising: It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view from the vacuum tank of a riser side to a dip tube.
図１において、真空槽３はその下部に還流管２を一体的に有し、還流管２部分も含めて鉄皮３２の内側が内張り耐火物３１でライニングされている。還流管２の下部には浸漬管１がフランジどうしのボルト接合によって着脱可能に接合されている。浸漬管１は金属製のフランジ１１とフランジ１１から下方に延びる円筒の芯金１２を有し、芯金１２の内周面、外周面、及び下端部が浸漬管用耐火物１３で覆われている。 In FIG. 1, the vacuum chamber 3 integrally has a reflux pipe 2 at a lower portion thereof, and the inner side of the iron shell 32 including the reflux pipe 2 is lined with a lining refractory 31. A dip tube 1 is detachably joined to the lower part of the reflux tube 2 by bolting between flanges. The dip tube 1 has a metal flange 11 and a cylindrical metal core 12 extending downward from the flange 11, and the inner peripheral surface, the outer peripheral surface, and the lower end of the metal core 12 are covered with a refractory material 13 for the dip tube. .
還流管２及び浸漬管１は、溶鋼を通過させるために水平断面が円形をした内孔４を有し、還流管２の内孔４から浸漬管１の上部の内孔４にかけてスリーブ５が配置されている。このスリーブ５は一体成形された円筒状の耐火物からなり、スリーブ５と内張り耐火物３１との間及び浸漬管用耐火物１３との間はモルタル（図示省略）が充填されている。 The reflux pipe 2 and the dip pipe 1 have an inner hole 4 having a circular horizontal cross section for passing molten steel, and a sleeve 5 is arranged from the inner hole 4 of the reflux pipe 2 to the inner hole 4 at the upper part of the dip pipe 1. Has been. The sleeve 5 is made of an integrally formed cylindrical refractory, and mortar (not shown) is filled between the sleeve 5 and the lining refractory 31 and between the refractory 13 for dip tubes.
スリーブ５は、その寿命を延長するために厚みを確保しており、その結果スリーブ５の内孔径が浸漬管１本体の内孔径よりも小さくなり、内孔縮小部となっている。 The sleeve 5 has a sufficient thickness to extend its life. As a result, the inner diameter of the sleeve 5 becomes smaller than the inner diameter of the main body of the dip tube 1, thereby forming an inner hole reducing portion.
一方、浸漬管１の下端部には、内孔４の中心軸方向へ突出する突出部１４が円周方向に連続して一体的に設けられている。 On the other hand, at the lower end of the dip tube 1, a protruding portion 14 that protrudes in the direction of the central axis of the inner hole 4 is integrally provided continuously in the circumferential direction.
ここで、スリーブ５の内孔径Ｄ１は２４０ｍｍ、浸漬管１の本体の内孔径Ｄ２は２７０ｍｍ、浸漬管１の下端部の内孔径Ｄ３は２３０ｍｍである。突出部１４は浸漬管１の下端から上に向けて６０ｍｍの高さで、かつ内孔４の中心に向けて２０ｍｍの長さで、全周にわたり設けている。 Here, the inner hole diameter D1 of the sleeve 5 is 240 mm, the inner hole diameter D2 of the main body of the dip tube 1 is 270 mm, and the inner hole diameter D3 of the lower end portion of the dip tube 1 is 230 mm. The protruding portion 14 is provided over the entire circumference with a height of 60 mm from the lower end of the dip tube 1 toward the top and a length of 20 mm toward the center of the inner hole 4.
本実施例の浸漬管１においては、芯金１２の内周面に浸漬管用耐火物１３として定形耐火物がライニングされ、芯金１２の外周面と突出部１４を含む下端部には浸漬管用耐火物１３として不定形耐火物（キャスタブル耐火物）がライニングされている。つまり、突出部１４は浸漬管１の下部の耐火物と一体化しており、形枠内に不定形耐火物を流し込むことで形成されている。このように突出部１４は不定形耐火物で形成することで、浸漬管１の下端部の耐火物と一体化物となるので、繋ぎ目がなくなり脱落等の危険性を小さくすることができる。 In the dip tube 1 of the present embodiment, a regular refractory is lined as the dip tube refractory 13 on the inner peripheral surface of the core metal 12, and the refractory for the dip tube is provided at the lower end portion including the outer peripheral surface of the core metal 12 and the protruding portion 14. An irregular refractory (castable refractory) is lined as the article 13. That is, the protrusion 14 is integrated with the refractory at the lower part of the dip tube 1 and is formed by pouring the amorphous refractory into the form frame. Thus, since the protrusion 14 is formed of an irregular refractory, it becomes an integral part with the refractory at the lower end of the dip tube 1, so there is no joint and the risk of falling off can be reduced.
次に流体力学によるシミュレーション計算を行った結果を示す。 Next, the result of the simulation calculation by hydrodynamics is shown.
図２Ａから図２Ｃに示すそれぞれのＲＨ脱ガス装置の浸漬管（上昇管）のモデルにおいて、内孔内の溶鋼の流速分布に関してシミュレーション計算を行った。 In the model of the dip pipe (rising pipe) of each RH degassing apparatus shown in FIG. 2A to FIG.
図２Ａは浸漬管の下端部の内孔径が浸漬管の本体の内孔径と同じ場合（ＣＡＳＥ１＝従来例）、図２Ｂは浸漬管の下端部の内孔径が拡大している場合（ＣＡＳＥ２＝従来例）、図２Ｃは浸漬管の下端部に下から６０ｍｍの高さで、かつ中心に向かって２０ｍｍの長さで、全周にわたり突出部を設けた場合（ＣＡＳＥ３＝本発明例）である。 2A shows the case where the inner diameter of the lower end of the dip tube is the same as the inner diameter of the main body of the dip tube (CASE 1 = conventional example), and FIG. 2B shows the case where the inner diameter of the lower end of the dip tube is enlarged (CASE 2 = conventional example). Example), FIG. 2C shows a case where the lower end of the dip tube has a height of 60 mm from the bottom and a length of 20 mm toward the center, and a protrusion is provided over the entire circumference (CASE3 = example of the present invention).
図２Ａから図２Ｃにおいて、浸漬管の全長は１０００ｍｍ、浸漬管の本体の内孔径Ｄ２は２７０ｍｍ、スリーブの内孔径Ｄ１は２４０ｍｍで共通である。一方、浸漬管の下端部の内径Ｄ３は、図２Ａでは２７０ｍｍ、図２Ｂの浸漬管では４９０ｍｍ、図２Ｃの浸漬管では２３０ｍｍとした。なお、図２Ｃの浸漬管の下端部の内径Ｄ３はスリーブの内径Ｄ１の９６％になる。 In FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C, the total length of the dip tube is 1000 mm, the inner hole diameter D2 of the main body of the dip tube is 270 mm, and the inner hole diameter D1 of the sleeve is 240 mm. On the other hand, the inner diameter D3 of the lower end of the dip tube was 270 mm in FIG. 2A, 490 mm in the dip tube in FIG. 2B, and 230 mm in the dip tube in FIG. 2C. 2C is 96% of the inner diameter D1 of the sleeve.
シミュレーション計算においては、浸漬管内にＡｒガスを導入するためのガス導入孔を浸漬管下端から２８０ｍｍの位置に円周方向に沿って８個等間隔で設けることを前提とし、そのＡｒガス流量は合計で４０Ｎｍ３／ｈとした。 The simulation calculation is based on the premise that eight gas introduction holes for introducing Ar gas into the dip tube are provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction at a position of 280 mm from the lower end of the dip tube. To 40 Nm 3 / h.
図３Ａから図３Ｃは、それぞれ図２Ａから図２Ｃのモデルにおける溶鋼の流速分布のシミュレーション結果を示す。図３Ａから図３Ｃにおいてそれぞれ左側の図は環流管から浸漬管までの内孔の断面を示し、右側の図は左側の図におけるスリーブの下部付近を拡大したものである。また、図４は、浸漬管下端から高さ１０００ｍｍの水平断面位置でのそれぞれの内孔内での溶鋼の流速分布をプロットしたグラフである。 3A to 3C show the simulation results of the flow velocity distribution of the molten steel in the models of FIGS. 2A to 2C, respectively. In each of FIGS. 3A to 3C, the left diagrams show the cross-section of the inner hole from the reflux tube to the dip tube, and the right diagram is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the lower portion of the sleeve in the left diagram. FIG. 4 is a graph in which the flow velocity distribution of the molten steel in each inner hole at a horizontal cross-sectional position of 1000 mm in height from the lower end of the dip tube is plotted.
図３Ａから図３Ｃのシミュレーション結果から、浸漬管の下端部の内孔径を小さくした図３Ｃでは、図３Ａ及び図３Ｂと比較してスリーブ表面の溶鋼の流速が低下していることがわかる。つまり、図３Ａや図３Ｂは、浸漬管の下端部の内孔径よりもスリーブの内孔径の方が小さくなっているため、スリーブ表面での溶鋼の流速が速くなっている。これに対して図３Ｃでは、浸漬管の下端部の内孔径をスリーブの内孔径よりも小さくしたことで、スリーブ表面の溶鋼の流速が速くなることを抑制できていることがわかる。このことは図４のグラフからも明らかである。 From the simulation results of FIGS. 3A to 3C, it can be seen that in FIG. 3C in which the inner diameter of the lower end portion of the dip tube is reduced, the flow rate of the molten steel on the sleeve surface is lower than in FIGS. 3A and 3B. That is, in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, since the inner hole diameter of the sleeve is smaller than the inner hole diameter of the lower end portion of the dip tube, the flow rate of the molten steel on the sleeve surface is increased. On the other hand, in FIG. 3C, it can be seen that an increase in the flow rate of the molten steel on the sleeve surface can be suppressed by making the inner hole diameter of the lower end portion of the dip tube smaller than the inner hole diameter of the sleeve. This is also apparent from the graph of FIG.
すなわち、環流管又は環流管から浸漬管の上部にかけて内孔縮小部（スリーブ）を有する真空脱ガス装置において、浸漬管の下端部の内孔径を内孔縮小部の内径以下とすることで、内孔縮小部の表面近傍における溶鋼の流速の上昇を抑制することができ、これにより溶鋼による損耗が低減すると考えられる。 That is, in a vacuum degassing apparatus having an inner hole reduction part (sleeve) from the reflux pipe or the upper part of the dip pipe to the upper part of the dip pipe, the inner diameter of the lower end portion of the dip pipe is set to be equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the inner hole reduction part. It is thought that the increase in the flow velocity of the molten steel in the vicinity of the surface of the hole reduction portion can be suppressed, thereby reducing wear due to the molten steel.
浸漬管の下端部の内孔径は、内孔縮小部の内孔径以下となっていれば上述の損耗抑制効果を得ることができるが、より好ましくは内孔縮小部の内径に対して少なくとも９６％以下の内孔径にすることで、より顕著な損耗抑制効果が得られる。一方で、浸漬管の下端部の内孔径を小さくしすぎると溶鋼の流量が低下する。したがって、損耗抑制効果と溶鋼の流量確保とのバランスを考慮すると、溶鋼の処理時間などの操業条件によって異なるが、浸漬管の下端部の内孔径は、内孔縮小部の内孔径の８５％以上９６％以下であることが好ましい。 If the inner hole diameter of the lower end of the dip tube is equal to or smaller than the inner hole diameter of the inner hole reducing part, the above-mentioned wear suppression effect can be obtained, but more preferably at least 96% with respect to the inner diameter of the inner hole reducing part. By using the following inner hole diameter, a more remarkable wear suppression effect can be obtained. On the other hand, if the inner hole diameter at the lower end of the dip tube is too small, the flow rate of the molten steel decreases. Therefore, considering the balance between the wear suppression effect and securing the flow rate of the molten steel, the inner hole diameter of the lower end portion of the dip tube is 85% or more of the inner hole diameter of the inner hole reduced portion, although it varies depending on the operating conditions such as the processing time of the molten steel. It is preferably 96% or less.
上述のとおり、本発明においては浸漬管の下端部に突出部を設けることで、浸漬管の下端部の内孔径を小さくする。実際上、突出部は耐火物で形成する必要があり、高耐用性の耐火物で形成する場合にはその高さは５ｍｍ程度でも上述の内孔縮小部表面の溶鋼の流速を低下する効果は得られるが、不定形耐火物で形成する場合には使用中に損耗したり剥離する可能性を考慮して少なくとも３０ｍｍ以上確保することがより好ましい。また、突出部の高さは、いくら高くなっても内孔縮小部表面の溶鋼の流速を低下する効果は変わらないが、耐火物のコストが無駄になるため１００ｍｍ程度までが適当である。 As described above, in the present invention, the inner diameter of the lower end portion of the dip tube is reduced by providing a protrusion at the lower end portion of the dip tube. In practice, the protrusions need to be formed of refractory, and when formed from a highly durable refractory, the effect of lowering the flow rate of the molten steel on the surface of the above-mentioned inner hole reduced portion is not limited even if the height is about 5 mm. Although it is obtained, it is more preferable to secure at least 30 mm or more in consideration of the possibility of being worn or peeled off during use when formed with an irregular refractory. Moreover, although the effect of reducing the flow velocity of the molten steel on the surface of the inner hole reduced portion does not change no matter how much the height of the projecting portion, it is appropriate that the height of the protruding portion is about 100 mm because the cost of the refractory is wasted.
なお、図１の実施例において突出部１４は、浸漬管１の下端部内周面の全周にわたって設けたが、浸漬管１の下端部内周面に部分的（断続的）に設けても、内孔縮小部表面の溶鋼の流速を低下する効果は得られる。したがって、内孔縮小部のうち特に損耗の大きな位置に対応させて、突出部を部分的に設けても良い。このように、突出部を部分的（断続的）に設けたときの、本発明でいう「浸漬管の下端部の内孔径」は、浸漬管１の下端部の各位置における内孔径の平均値とする。 In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the protruding portion 14 is provided over the entire circumference of the lower end portion inner peripheral surface of the dip tube 1, but even if it is provided partially (intermittently) on the lower end portion inner peripheral surface of the dip tube 1, The effect of reducing the flow velocity of the molten steel on the surface of the hole reduction portion is obtained. Therefore, the protrusion may be partially provided so as to correspond to a position where the wear is particularly large in the inner hole reduction portion. Thus, the “inner diameter of the lower end portion of the dip tube” as used in the present invention when the protrusions are partially (intermittently) provided is the average value of the inner diameters of the lower end portions of the dip tube 1. And
図５は、実際のＲＨ真空脱ガス装置で使用したときの浸漬管の寿命を示す。使用Ｎｏ.１から６までは、図２Ａの従来例、使用Ｎｏ．７から１０までが図２Ｃの本発明例である。本発明により浸漬管の寿命を約２０％延ばすことができた。 FIG. 5 shows the life of the dip tube when used in an actual RH vacuum degasser. Use No. 1 to No. 6 are the conventional example of FIG. 7 to 10 are examples of the present invention of FIG. 2C. According to the present invention, the life of the dip tube could be extended by about 20%.
１ 浸漬管
１１ フランジ
１２ 芯金
１３ 浸漬管用耐火物
１４ 突出部
２ 環流管
３ 真空槽
３１ 内張り耐火物
３２ 鉄皮
４ 内孔
５ スリーブ（内孔縮小部）
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Immersion pipe 11 Flange 12 Core metal 13 Refractory for dip pipe 14 Protrusion part 2 Recirculation pipe 3 Vacuum tank 31 Lined refractory 32 Iron skin
4 Inner hole 5 Sleeve (Inner hole reducing part)
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| JP2014045262A JP6215092B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | Vacuum degassing equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014045262A JP6215092B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | Vacuum degassing equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2015168860A JP2015168860A (en) | 2015-09-28 |
| JP6215092B2 true JP6215092B2 (en) | 2017-10-18 |
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| JP2014045262A Active JP6215092B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | Vacuum degassing equipment |
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| JP6578158B2 (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2019-09-18 | 株式会社ニューフレアテクノロジー | Vapor growth apparatus and vapor growth method |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57196155U (en) * | 1981-06-04 | 1982-12-13 | ||
| JPS60215712A (en) * | 1984-04-11 | 1985-10-29 | Harima Refract Co Ltd | Method for repairing reflux pipe of vacuum degassing device |
| JPS6479317A (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1989-03-24 | Kawasaki Steel Co | Gas blowing method of reflux type degassing device |
| JP2601407Y2 (en) * | 1993-03-17 | 1999-11-22 | 黒崎窯業株式会社 | Immersion tube structure of vacuum degassing tank |
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2014
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| JP2015168860A (en) | 2015-09-28 |
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