JP6211261B2 - Ranging device - Google Patents

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JP6211261B2
JP6211261B2 JP2012258395A JP2012258395A JP6211261B2 JP 6211261 B2 JP6211261 B2 JP 6211261B2 JP 2012258395 A JP2012258395 A JP 2012258395A JP 2012258395 A JP2012258395 A JP 2012258395A JP 6211261 B2 JP6211261 B2 JP 6211261B2
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新井 聡
聡 新井
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Nikon Trimble Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、測距装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a distance measuring device.

従来、レイザーダイオードなどの光源から出力された測定光が目標物体で反射または散乱された戻り光を受光素子で受光し、測定光が出射されてから戻り光を受光するまでの時間に基づいて目標物体までの距離を測定する測距装置が知られている。このような測距装置は視野が狭いため、目標物体を測距装置の視野内に捉えにくかった。そこで、望遠光学系とは別に、視野の広い広角光学系を設けた測距装置が提案されている(特許文献1参照)。   Conventionally, measurement light output from a light source such as a laser diode is reflected by a target object and received by the light receiving element. The target is based on the time from when the measurement light is emitted until the return light is received. A distance measuring device for measuring a distance to an object is known. Such a distance measuring device has a narrow field of view, making it difficult to capture the target object within the field of view of the distance measuring device. Therefore, a distance measuring device provided with a wide-angle optical system with a wide field of view separately from the telephoto optical system has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

特許第3626141号公報Japanese Patent No. 3626141

上記従来技術では、望遠光学系と広角光学系とが別々に設けられているため、特に測距装置に近い目標物体までの距離を測定する際には、望遠光学系と広角光学系との視差が大きくなってしまう。望遠光学系と広角光学系との視差が大きいと、広角光学系の視野内に目標物体を捉えていても、望遠光学系の視野内に目標物体を捉えられていない場合があり、この場合、目標物体を誤認識したり、視野の再調整が必要となったりと不便であった。   In the above prior art, since the telephoto optical system and the wide-angle optical system are provided separately, the parallax between the telephoto optical system and the wide-angle optical system, particularly when measuring the distance to the target object close to the distance measuring device. Will become bigger. If the parallax between the telephoto optical system and the wide-angle optical system is large, the target object may not be captured within the field of view of the telephoto optical system even if the target object is captured within the field of view of the wide-angle optical system. It was inconvenient that the target object was misrecognized or the visual field had to be readjusted.

本発明による測距装置は、目標物体へ測定光を照射する送信光学系と、前記目標物体によって前記測定光が反射または散乱された戻り光を受光する受信光学系と、前記目標物体の像を結像する望遠光学系と、前記目標物体の像を結像し、前記望遠光学系よりも視野の広い広角光学系と、を備え、前記望遠光学系と前記広角光学系とは、前記目標物体に向けられる対物光学系を含む一部の構成部材を共有し、前記望遠光学系と前記送信光学系前記受信光学系とは、同軸光学系として構成され、前記広角光学系は、前記望遠光学系と共有している共有光学部材と、前記共有光学部材以外で構成される非共有光学部材とを備え、前記共有光学部材を透過した光を反射して前記光の進行方向を変える反射部材を含み、前記反射部材は、前記望遠光学系、前記送信光学系及び前記受信光学系の光軸外に配置される。
A distance measuring apparatus according to the present invention includes a transmission optical system that irradiates measurement light to a target object, a reception optical system that receives return light reflected or scattered by the measurement light by the target object, and an image of the target object. A telephoto optical system that forms an image, and a wide-angle optical system that forms an image of the target object and has a wider field of view than the telephoto optical system, wherein the telephoto optical system and the wide-angle optical system include the target object It shares some components including an objective optical system directed at the telephoto optical system and the front Symbol transmitting optical system and the receiving optical system is configured as a coaxial optical system, the wide-angle optical system, the telephoto A reflective member that includes a shared optical member shared with an optical system and a non-shared optical member other than the shared optical member, and reflects the light transmitted through the shared optical member to change the traveling direction of the light The reflecting member includes the telephoto optical , Ru is placed outside the optical axis of the transmission optics and the reception optics.

本発明の第1および第2の実施の形態による測距装置の構成を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the structure of the ranging apparatus by the 1st and 2nd embodiment of this invention. 第1の実施の形態による測距装置の広角光学系の構成を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the structure of the wide angle optical system of the distance measuring device by 1st Embodiment. 広角光学系の配置条件を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the arrangement conditions of a wide angle optical system. 従来の測距装置によって目標物体を撮影する様子を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining a mode that a target object is image | photographed with the conventional ranging apparatus. 望遠光学系と広角光学系の視差を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the parallax of a telephoto optical system and a wide angle optical system. 送信光学系の測定光の強度を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the intensity | strength of the measurement light of a transmission optical system. 第2の実施の形態による測距装置の広角光学系の構成を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the structure of the wide angle optical system of the distance measuring device by 2nd Embodiment. 変形例1における測距装置の構成を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the structure of the ranging device in the modification 1.

−第1の実施の形態−
図面を参照して、本発明による第1の実施の形態について説明する。図1は、第1の実施の形態による測距装置1の構成を説明する図である。測距装置1は、図示しない目標物体を撮影するための望遠光学系2と、目標物体に測定光を照射するための送信光学系3と、測定光が目標物体で反射或いは散乱して戻ってきた受信光を受光するための受信光学系4と、を有する。望遠光学系2と送信光学系3と受信光学系4とは、対物光学系5を共有する同軸光学系として構成されている。なお、以下の説明において、対物光学系5の光軸方向をz軸方向とし、z軸方向に垂直な平面をxy平面とする。すなわちx軸方向およびy軸方向は、光学部材の径方向である。またxy平面において、x軸方向を左右方向とし、y軸方向を上下方向とする。
-First embodiment-
A first embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a distance measuring device 1 according to the first embodiment. The distance measuring device 1 includes a telephoto optical system 2 for photographing a target object (not shown), a transmission optical system 3 for irradiating the target object with measurement light, and the measurement light reflected or scattered by the target object and returned. A receiving optical system 4 for receiving the received light. The telephoto optical system 2, the transmission optical system 3, and the reception optical system 4 are configured as a coaxial optical system that shares the objective optical system 5. In the following description, the optical axis direction of the objective optical system 5 is the z-axis direction, and the plane perpendicular to the z-axis direction is the xy plane. That is, the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction are radial directions of the optical member. In the xy plane, the x-axis direction is the left-right direction, and the y-axis direction is the up-down direction.

望遠光学系2は、目標物体側から順に、対物光学系5と、ダイクロイックプリズム13と、合焦レンズ6と、撮像素子7と、を含む。対物光学系5を透過した目標物体からの光は、ダイクロイックプリズム13および合焦レンズ6を透過して、撮像素子7の撮像面に結像される。撮像素子7は、例えばCMOSなどのイメージセンサであり、撮像面に結像された目標物体の像を撮像し、得られた画像信号を制御部30(図2)へ出力する。   The telephoto optical system 2 includes an objective optical system 5, a dichroic prism 13, a focusing lens 6, and an image sensor 7 in order from the target object side. The light from the target object that has passed through the objective optical system 5 passes through the dichroic prism 13 and the focusing lens 6 and forms an image on the imaging surface of the imaging device 7. The image pickup device 7 is an image sensor such as a CMOS, for example, picks up an image of a target object formed on the image pickup surface, and outputs the obtained image signal to the control unit 30 (FIG. 2).

また、送信光学系3は、測定光が出射される光源12側から順に、光源12と、コリメータレンズ11と、反射鏡10と、対物光学系5と、を含む。反射鏡10は、対物光学系5と合焦レンズ6との間の光路中に配置されている。コリメータレンズ11と光源12とは、反射鏡10の反射光路上に配置されている。また、光源12としては、LEDやレイザーダイオード等が使用される。なお、光源12から射出される測定光は、赤外光が望ましいが、これに限らなくてもよく、例えば、波長650(nm)前後の赤色光であってもよい。   The transmission optical system 3 includes a light source 12, a collimator lens 11, a reflecting mirror 10, and an objective optical system 5 in order from the light source 12 side from which the measurement light is emitted. The reflecting mirror 10 is disposed in the optical path between the objective optical system 5 and the focusing lens 6. The collimator lens 11 and the light source 12 are disposed on the reflected light path of the reflecting mirror 10. As the light source 12, an LED, a laser diode, or the like is used. The measurement light emitted from the light source 12 is preferably infrared light, but is not limited thereto, and may be, for example, red light having a wavelength of around 650 (nm).

さらに、受信光学系4は、対物光学系5と、ダイクロイックプリズム13と、受光素子14と、を含む。ダイクロイックプリズム13は、反射鏡10と合焦レンズ6との間の光路中に光分割素子として配置されている。受光素子14は、対物光学系5の焦点位置付近に配置されている。   Further, the reception optical system 4 includes an objective optical system 5, a dichroic prism 13, and a light receiving element 14. The dichroic prism 13 is arranged as a light splitting element in the optical path between the reflecting mirror 10 and the focusing lens 6. The light receiving element 14 is disposed in the vicinity of the focal position of the objective optical system 5.

以上の構成の下、光源12から射出された測定光は、コリメータレンズ11を経た後、反射鏡10によって反射され、対物光学系5を介して略平行光束として目標物体に照射される。これにより、目標物体で散乱した、或いは、目標物体付近に配置されたコーナーキューブで反射した測定光が再び対物光学系5を介して反射鏡10の周辺部を受信光として通過する。そしてこの受信光は、ダイクロイックプリズム13内の反射コート部15で反射され、さらにダイクロイックプリズム13内部を進行して射出され、受光素子14へ入射する。   Under the above configuration, the measurement light emitted from the light source 12 passes through the collimator lens 11, is reflected by the reflecting mirror 10, and is irradiated onto the target object as a substantially parallel light beam via the objective optical system 5. As a result, the measurement light scattered by the target object or reflected by the corner cube arranged in the vicinity of the target object passes again through the objective optical system 5 through the periphery of the reflecting mirror 10 as received light. The received light is reflected by the reflective coating portion 15 in the dichroic prism 13, further travels through the dichroic prism 13, is emitted, and enters the light receiving element 14.

測距装置1の制御部30(図2)は、光源12から測定光を射出したタイミングと受信光が受光素子14により受光されたタイミングとの時間差に基づき、本測距装置1から目標物体までの距離を演算する。このようにして使用者は、本測距装置1を用いて目標物体までの距離を測定することができる。なお、光源12からの測定光が赤色光である場合に、測定光の光束を細くして目標物体に照射すれば、目標物体における測定位置を赤色のスポット像として観察することが可能となる。   The control unit 30 (FIG. 2) of the distance measuring device 1 determines from the distance measuring device 1 to the target object based on the time difference between the timing when the measurement light is emitted from the light source 12 and the timing when the received light is received by the light receiving element 14. Calculate the distance. In this manner, the user can measure the distance to the target object using the distance measuring device 1. When the measurement light from the light source 12 is red light, the measurement position on the target object can be observed as a red spot image by thinning the measurement light beam and irradiating the target object.

測距装置の望遠光学系が、接眼光学系を含む眼視光学系(アフォーカル光学系)を構成している場合、アイレリーフ、望遠鏡倍率、光学性能等を鑑みて、測距装置の口径は、30〜60mmと大きなものになる。しかしながら、本実施形態では、眼視光学系の時に使用していた対物光学系5を望遠光学系2として流用することで、安価な測距装置1を提供することを想定している。   When the telephoto optical system of the distance measuring device constitutes an ocular optical system (afocal optical system) including an eyepiece optical system, the aperture of the distance measuring device is determined in view of eye relief, telescope magnification, optical performance, etc. , 30 to 60 mm and large. However, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that an inexpensive distance measuring device 1 is provided by diverting the objective optical system 5 used for the visual optical system as the telephoto optical system 2.

また本実施形態の測距装置1は、目標物体を測距装置1の視野内に捉えやすくするために、望遠光学系2よりも視野の広い広角光学系20を有している。図2は、この広角光学系20の構成を説明する図である。なお、本実施形態では、望遠光学系2の画角をwとすると、以下の式(1)で表される画角wを許容する光学系を広角光学系と定義する。しかしながら、広角光学系の定義は必ずしもこれに限らなくてもよい。

Figure 0006211261
In addition, the distance measuring device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a wide-angle optical system 20 having a wider field of view than the telephoto optical system 2 so that the target object can be easily captured in the field of view of the distance measuring device 1. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the wide-angle optical system 20. In the present embodiment, when the field angle at the telephoto optical system 2, w 1, defines an optical system with a wide angle optical system that allows the angle w 2 expressed by the following equation (1). However, the definition of the wide-angle optical system is not necessarily limited to this.
Figure 0006211261

広角光学系20は、目標物体側から順に、対物光学系5と、反射鏡21と、ワイドコンバータ光学系22と、撮像素子23と、を含む。望遠光学系2と広角光学系20とは、対物光学系5を共有している。反射鏡21は、対物光学系5とダイクロイックプリズム13との間(すなわち望遠光学系2、送信光学系3および受信光学系4の光路内)であって、望遠光学系2および送信光学系3および受信光学系4の光軸外の位置に配置されている。対物光学系5を透過した目標物体からの光は、反射鏡21により反射され、ワイドコンバータ光学系22を透過して、撮像素子23の撮像面に結像される。撮像素子23は、例えばCMOSなどのイメージセンサであり、撮像面に結像された目標物体の像を撮像し、得られた画像信号を制御部30へ出力する。   The wide-angle optical system 20 includes an objective optical system 5, a reflecting mirror 21, a wide converter optical system 22, and an image sensor 23 in order from the target object side. The telephoto optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical system 20 share the objective optical system 5. The reflecting mirror 21 is between the objective optical system 5 and the dichroic prism 13 (that is, in the optical path of the telephoto optical system 2, the transmission optical system 3, and the reception optical system 4). The receiving optical system 4 is disposed at a position outside the optical axis. The light from the target object that has passed through the objective optical system 5 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 21, passes through the wide converter optical system 22, and forms an image on the imaging surface of the imaging device 23. The image pickup device 23 is an image sensor such as a CMOS, for example, picks up an image of a target object formed on the image pickup surface, and outputs the obtained image signal to the control unit 30.

制御部30は、望遠光学系2の撮像素子7からの画像信号と広角光学系20の撮像素子23からの画像信号とを切り替えて表示部31に表示する。なお、この切り替えは、不図示のボタンを操作することで、使用者が自由に行うことができるようになっている。   The control unit 30 switches between the image signal from the image sensor 7 of the telephoto optical system 2 and the image signal from the image sensor 23 of the wide-angle optical system 20 and displays them on the display unit 31. This switching can be freely performed by the user by operating a button (not shown).

本実施形態の広角光学系20において、望遠光学系2と共有している光学部材(共有光学部材)の焦点距離をfとし、望遠光学系2と非共有である光学部材(非共有光学部材)の焦点距離をfとすると、これらの条件は、以下の式(2)で表される。なお、本実施形態の場合、共有光学部材は対物光学系5であり、非共有光学部材はワイドコンバータ光学系22である。

Figure 0006211261
In the wide-angle optical system 20 of the present embodiment, the focal length of the optical member (shared optical member) that share a telescopic optical system 2 and f 1, the optical member (unshared optical member is a non-covalent telephoto optical system 2 the focal length of) When f 2, these conditions are expressed by the following equation (2). In the present embodiment, the shared optical member is the objective optical system 5, and the non-shared optical member is the wide converter optical system 22.
Figure 0006211261

式(2)の下限は、非共有光学部材の焦点距離fが長くなり過ぎないための制限を表している。非共有光学部材の焦点距離fが長くなり過ぎると、望遠光学系2の光軸から広角光学系20の撮像素子23までのy軸方向の距離が長くなるため、測距装置1がy軸方向(径方向)に大きくなり過ぎてしまう。したがって式(2)の下限は、測距装置1が大きくなり過ぎないために設けられている。なお、測距装置1をより小型化できるように、式(2)の下限値(すなわち|f/f|の下限値)を5としてもよい。 The lower limit of the formula (2) represents the limit of the focal length f 2 of the non-shared optical member is not too long. The focal length f 2 of the non-shared optical member becomes too long, since the y-axis direction of the distance from the optical axis of the telescopic optical system 2 to the imaging device 23 of the wide angle optical system 20 becomes longer, the distance measuring apparatus 1 is the y-axis It becomes too large in the direction (radial direction). Therefore, the lower limit of the formula (2) is provided so that the distance measuring device 1 does not become too large. Note that the lower limit value of Equation (2) (that is, the lower limit value of | f 1 / f 2 |) may be set to 5 so that the distance measuring device 1 can be further downsized.

式(2)の上限は、共有光学部材の焦点距離fが長くなり過ぎないための制限を表している。共有光学部材の焦点距離fが長くなり過ぎると、望遠光学系2の焦点距離が長くなり、望遠光学系2のFナンバーが暗く画角が小さい光学系となってしまう。したがって式(2)の上限は、望遠光学系2の画角をできるだけ広くし且つFナンバーをできるだけ明るくするために設けられている。なお、さらに、望遠光学系2の画角を広くし且つFナンバーを明るくできるように、式(2)の上限値(すなわち|f/f|の上限値)を20としてもよい。 The upper limit of Expression (2) represents a limit for preventing the focal length f 1 of the shared optical member from becoming too long. When the focal length f 1 too long shared optical member, the focal length of the telephoto optical system 2 becomes long, F-number at the telephoto optical system 2 becomes a dark field angle is small optics. Therefore, the upper limit of the formula (2) is set to make the field angle of the telephoto optical system 2 as wide as possible and make the F number as bright as possible. Furthermore, the upper limit value of equation (2) (that is, the upper limit value of | f 1 / f 2 |) may be set to 20 so that the field angle of the telephoto optical system 2 can be widened and the F-number can be brightened.

図3は、本実施形態の広角光学系20の配置条件を説明する図である。望遠光学系2の光軸から非共有光学部材(ワイドコンバータ光学系22)の第1面までの距離をyとし、広角光学系20の反射鏡21と望遠光学系2の撮像素子7の撮像面との間の距離をdとし、望遠光学系2の口径をDとし、望遠光学系2の焦点距離をfとすると、上記距離yの条件は、以下の式(3)で表される。

Figure 0006211261
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement conditions of the wide-angle optical system 20 of the present embodiment. The distance from the optical axis of the telescopic optical system 2 to the first surface of the non-shared optical member (wide converter optical system 22) and y 0, the imaging of the imaging device 7 of the reflector 21 and the telescopic optical system 2 of the wide angle optical system 20 the distance between the surfaces is d, the diameter of the telescopic optical system 2 is D, and the focal length of the telephoto optical system 2 and f 3, the conditions of the distance y 0 is represented by the following formula (3) The
Figure 0006211261

式(3)の下限は、広角光学系20と望遠光学系2に光軸平行で入射してきた光線とが互いに干渉しないように、広角光学系20を配置するための制限を表している。図3の中段に示すように、上記距離yが式(3)の下限を下回ると、上記干渉が起こってしまい、目標物体の像を表示部31に表示する際に、例えば、フレア光によりノイズが生じてしまったり、特定の範囲から来る光線だけ遮蔽され光量が極端に少なくなってしまったりするといった弊害が生じる。 The lower limit of Expression (3) represents a limitation for disposing the wide-angle optical system 20 so that the light beams that are incident on the telephoto optical system 2 parallel to the optical axis do not interfere with each other. As shown in the middle part of FIG. 3, when the distance y 0 falls below the lower limit of the expression (3), the interference occurs, and when the target object image is displayed on the display unit 31, for example, by flare light. There is a problem that noise occurs, or only light rays coming from a specific range are blocked and the amount of light is extremely reduced.

式(3)の上限は、測距装置1が大きくなり過ぎないための制限を表している。図3の下段に示すように、上記距離yが式(3)の上限を上回ると、広角光学系200の位置が望遠光学系2の光軸からy軸方向に離れ過ぎてしまい、測距装置1がy軸方向(径方向)に大きくなり過ぎるという弊害が生じる。 The upper limit of Expression (3) represents a limit for preventing the distance measuring device 1 from becoming too large. As shown in the lower part of FIG. 3, when the distance y 0 exceeds the upper limit of the expression (3), the position of the wide-angle optical system 200 is too far away from the optical axis of the telephoto optical system 2 in the y-axis direction. There is an adverse effect that the device 1 becomes too large in the y-axis direction (radial direction).

図4は、従来の測距装置によって縞模様の目標物体を撮影する様子を説明する図である。従来の測距装置では、望遠光学系と広角光学系とで視差が生じてしまうため、図4に示すように、望遠光学系による表示画面と広角光学系による表示画面とでそれぞれの表示中心位置がずれてしまう。したがって、広角光学系の視野内に目標物体を捉えていても、望遠光学系の視野内に目標物体を捉えられていない場合がある。この場合、目標物体を誤認識してしまう可能性がある。また、望遠光学系の視野内に目標物体を捉えるための再調整が必要であり、手間がかかってしまう。これを改善するためには、望遠光学系の光軸と広角光学系の光軸との距離を近づけ、視差を表す角度θ(図5)を小さくする必要がある。   FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining how a striped target object is photographed by a conventional distance measuring device. In the conventional distance measuring apparatus, parallax occurs between the telephoto optical system and the wide-angle optical system. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the display center positions of the display screen by the telephoto optical system and the display screen by the wide-angle optical system are as follows. Will shift. Therefore, even if the target object is captured in the field of view of the wide-angle optical system, the target object may not be captured in the field of view of the telephoto optical system. In this case, the target object may be erroneously recognized. In addition, it is necessary to readjust the target object within the field of view of the telephoto optical system, which is troublesome. In order to improve this, it is necessary to make the distance θ between the optical axis of the telephoto optical system and the optical axis of the wide-angle optical system closer, and to reduce the angle θ representing the parallax (FIG. 5).

図5は、この視差を表す角度θを説明する図であり、図5上段は従来の測距装置の場合を示し、図5下段は本実施形態の測距装置1の場合を示す。角度θは、測距装置から目標物体までの距離をLとし、広角光学系と望遠光学系の光軸間距離をHとすると、以下の式(4)で定義される。

Figure 0006211261
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the angle θ representing the parallax. The upper part of FIG. 5 shows the case of a conventional distance measuring device, and the lower part of FIG. 5 shows the case of the distance measuring device 1 of the present embodiment. The angle θ is defined by the following equation (4), where L is the distance from the distance measuring device to the target object and H is the distance between the optical axes of the wide-angle optical system and the telephoto optical system.
Figure 0006211261

従来の測距装置のように望遠光学系と広角光学系とが別々に配置されている場合、望遠光学系の口径をDとし、広角光学系の口径をDとすると、望遠光学系と広角光学系との光軸間距離Hは、以下の式(5)で表される距離よりも長くなってしまう。したがって角度θを以下の式(6)で表される角度より小さくすることは物理的に不可能である。

Figure 0006211261
Figure 0006211261
If the telescopic optical system and a wide angle optical system as in the conventional distance measuring device is arranged separately, the diameter of the telescopic optical systems and D 1, when the diameter of the wide angle optical system and D 2, and the telephoto optical system The distance H between the optical axes with the wide-angle optical system is longer than the distance represented by the following formula (5). Therefore, it is physically impossible to make the angle θ smaller than the angle represented by the following formula (6).
Figure 0006211261
Figure 0006211261

これに対して、本実施形態の測距装置1は、上述したように、望遠光学系2と広角光学系20とで対物光学系5を共有する構成となっている。これにより、図5下段に示すように、望遠光学系2と広角光学系20との光軸間距離Hを、従来よりも短くすることができる。具体的には、望遠光学系2と広角光学系20の光軸間距離Hを、以下の式(7)で表される距離よりも短くすることができる。したがって本実施形態の測距装置1では、角度θを以下の式(8)で表される角度より小さくすることができるので、従来の測距装置と比べて、望遠光学系2と広角光学系20との視差を小さくすることができる。

Figure 0006211261
Figure 0006211261
On the other hand, the distance measuring apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is configured to share the objective optical system 5 between the telephoto optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical system 20 as described above. Thereby, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 5, the distance H between the optical axes of the telephoto optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical system 20 can be made shorter than before. Specifically, the distance H between the optical axes of the telephoto optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical system 20 can be made shorter than the distance represented by the following formula (7). Therefore, in the distance measuring device 1 of the present embodiment, the angle θ can be made smaller than the angle represented by the following formula (8), so that the telephoto optical system 2 and the wide angle optical system are compared with the conventional distance measuring device. The parallax with 20 can be reduced.
Figure 0006211261
Figure 0006211261

例えば、D=D=40mm、L=10000mmである場合について考える。これらの値を上記式(5)〜(8)に代入して従来と本実施形態とでそれぞれ角度θを算出すると、従来の測距装置の角度θ=0.23°に対して、本実施形態の測距装置の角度θ=0.11°となり、2倍以上の改善が見込める。 For example, consider the case where D 1 = D 2 = 40 mm and L = 10000 mm. By substituting these values into the above formulas (5) to (8) and calculating the angle θ for the conventional and this embodiment, the present embodiment is performed for the angle θ = 0.23 ° of the conventional distance measuring device. The angle θ of the embodiment of the distance measuring device becomes 0.11 °, and an improvement of 2 times or more can be expected.

図6は、送信光学系3の測定光の強度を説明する図である。図6の左側において、横軸は測定光の強度を示し、縦軸はy軸方向(径方向)の位置を示す。図6の右側は、送信光学系3を直線上に展開して表した図である。図6の上段に示すように、光源12で照射されコリメータレンズ11と対物光学系5を通過した測定光の強度は、望遠光学系2および送信光学系3の光軸付近の強度が最も高く、周辺に行くにしたがって減衰する。したがって図6の下段に示すように、望遠光学系2および送信光学系3の光軸付近に、広角光学系20の反射鏡21を配置してしまうと、測定光の強度を著しく減衰させてしまい、測定不良の原因となってしまう。同様のことが、受信光及び受信光学系4にも言える。   FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the intensity of the measurement light of the transmission optical system 3. On the left side of FIG. 6, the horizontal axis indicates the intensity of the measurement light, and the vertical axis indicates the position in the y-axis direction (radial direction). The right side of FIG. 6 is a diagram in which the transmission optical system 3 is developed on a straight line. As shown in the upper part of FIG. 6, the intensity of the measurement light irradiated by the light source 12 and passed through the collimator lens 11 and the objective optical system 5 is the highest near the optical axis of the telephoto optical system 2 and the transmission optical system 3, It attenuates as it goes to the periphery. Therefore, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 6, if the reflecting mirror 21 of the wide-angle optical system 20 is disposed near the optical axes of the telephoto optical system 2 and the transmission optical system 3, the intensity of the measurement light is significantly attenuated. This will cause measurement failure. The same applies to the received light and the receiving optical system 4.

このことをふまえ、本実施形態の測距装置1では、広角光学系20の反射鏡21を望遠光学系2および送信光学系3および受信光学系4の光軸外の位置に配置したので、測定光および受信光の強度の著しい減衰を防止でき、測定不良を防止することができる。   In view of this, in the distance measuring apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the reflecting mirror 21 of the wide-angle optical system 20 is disposed at a position off the optical axis of the telephoto optical system 2, the transmission optical system 3, and the reception optical system 4, so that measurement is performed. Significant attenuation of the intensity of light and received light can be prevented, and measurement failure can be prevented.

(第1の実施の形態における実施例)
次に本実施形態における一実施例を説明する。表1および表2は、望遠光学系2の構成を説明する表である。なお、望遠光学系2の撮像素子7については、イメージサークル(センサーサイズに相当)(対角及びΦ)4.6mmを想定している。

Figure 0006211261
Figure 0006211261
(Example in the first embodiment)
Next, an example in the present embodiment will be described. Tables 1 and 2 are tables for explaining the configuration of the telephoto optical system 2. Note that the image sensor 7 of the telephoto optical system 2 is assumed to have an image circle (corresponding to a sensor size) (diagonal and Φ) of 4.6 mm.
Figure 0006211261
Figure 0006211261

また、表3および表4は、広角光学系20の構成を説明する表である。なお、広角光学系20の撮像素子23については、イメージサークル(センサーサイズに相当)(対角及びΦ)4.6mmを想定している。また、表3において、y,zは、広角光学系20の光軸と各構成部材の各面との交点座標(y,z)を表す。yはy軸方向(径方向)の位置、zはz軸方向(光軸方向)の座標を示す。原点(0,0)は望遠光学系2の光軸と面番号1である構成部材との交点とする。

Figure 0006211261
Figure 0006211261
Tables 3 and 4 are tables for explaining the configuration of the wide-angle optical system 20. The image sensor 23 of the wide-angle optical system 20 is assumed to have an image circle (corresponding to a sensor size) (diagonal and Φ) of 4.6 mm. In Table 3, y and z represent intersection coordinates (y, z) between the optical axis of the wide-angle optical system 20 and each surface of each component. y is a position in the y-axis direction (radial direction), and z is a coordinate in the z-axis direction (optical axis direction). The origin (0, 0) is the intersection of the optical axis of the telephoto optical system 2 and the component whose surface number is 1.
Figure 0006211261
Figure 0006211261

本実施例の広角光学系20は、光軸偏心光学系のため光軸に対して回転対象ではない。したがって表4に示すように、光軸のより外側か内側かで半画角値が変わる。   The wide-angle optical system 20 of this embodiment is not an object to be rotated with respect to the optical axis because of the optical axis decentering optical system. Therefore, as shown in Table 4, the half angle of view value changes depending on whether it is outside or inside the optical axis.

また本実施例において、広角光学系20における非共有光学部材の第1面は絞り(面番号7)となっている。したがって本実施例では、距離yは、望遠光学系2の光軸から当該絞り(面番号7)までの距離である。本実施例では、表3に示すように距離y=25.35(mm)である。また表4に示すように、上記式(3)の上限値が37.5(mm)であり、上記式(3)の下限値が9.5(mm)である。ゆえに本実施例における距離yは上記式(3)を満たす。 In this embodiment, the first surface of the non-shared optical member in the wide-angle optical system 20 is a stop (surface number 7). In this embodiment, therefore, the distance y 0 is the distance from the optical axis of the telescopic optical system 2 to the aperture (surface number 7). In this embodiment, as shown in Table 3, the distance y 0 is 25.35 (mm). Moreover, as shown in Table 4, the upper limit of the formula (3) is 37.5 (mm), and the lower limit of the formula (3) is 9.5 (mm). Therefore, the distance y 0 in this embodiment satisfies the above formula (3).

また、本実施例では、表4に示すようにf/f=6.3であるため、上記式(2)を満たす。 Further, in this example, as shown in Table 4, f 1 / f 2 = 6.3, and thus the above formula (2) is satisfied.

以上説明した第1の実施形態によれば、次の作用効果が得られる。
(1)測距装置1は、目標物体へ測定光を照射する送信光学系3と、目標物体によって測定光が反射または散乱された戻り光を受光する受信光学系4と、目標物体の像を結像する望遠光学系2と、目標物体の像を結像し、望遠光学系2よりも視野の広い広角光学系3と、を備え、望遠光学系2と広角光学系20とは、目標物体に向けられる対物光学系5を共有するようにした。これにより、望遠光学系2の光軸と広角光学系20の光軸とを従来の測距装置よりも近づけることができるので、望遠光学系2と広角光学系20との視差を従来の測距装置よりも減らすことができる。
According to the first embodiment described above, the following operational effects can be obtained.
(1) The distance measuring apparatus 1 includes a transmission optical system 3 that irradiates measurement light to a target object, a reception optical system 4 that receives return light that is reflected or scattered by the target object, and an image of the target object. The telephoto optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical system 3 that forms an image of the target object and has a wider field of view than the telephoto optical system 2 include the telephoto optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical system 20. The objective optical system 5 that is directed toward the camera is shared. As a result, the optical axis of the telephoto optical system 2 and the optical axis of the wide-angle optical system 20 can be made closer to those of the conventional distance measuring device. It can be reduced more than the device.

(2)上記(1)の測距装置1において、広角光学系20は、望遠光学系2と共有している共有光学部材(対物光学系5)を透過した光を反射して前記光の進行方向を変える反射鏡21を含むように構成した。これにより、簡易な構成で、望遠光学系2と広角光学系20とで対物光学系5を共有できる。 (2) In the distance measuring apparatus 1 of the above (1), the wide-angle optical system 20 reflects the light transmitted through the shared optical member (objective optical system 5) shared with the telephoto optical system 2 to advance the light. A reflection mirror 21 that changes the direction is included. Thereby, the objective optical system 5 can be shared by the telephoto optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical system 20 with a simple configuration.

(3)上記(2)の測距装置1において、共有光学部材(対物光学系5)の焦点距離をfとし、広角光学系20の共有光学部材以外で構成される非共有光学部材(ワイドコンバータ光学系22)の焦点距離をfとすると、上記式(2)を満足するように構成した。これにより、測距装置1の大型化を防ぐとともに、望遠光学系2の画角をできるだけ広くし、且つ望遠光学系2のFナンバーを明るくすることができる。 (3) In the distance measuring apparatus 1 of the above (2), sharing the optical member the focal length of the (objective 5) and f 1, noncovalent optical member (Wide composed of non-covalently optical member of the wide angle optical system 20 When the focal length of the converter optical system 22) and f 2, and configured so as to satisfy the above expression (2). As a result, the distance measuring device 1 can be prevented from being enlarged, the field angle of the telephoto optical system 2 can be made as wide as possible, and the F-number of the telephoto optical system 2 can be brightened.

(4)上記(2)の測距装置1において、反射鏡21と望遠光学系2の結像面(撮像素子7の撮像面)までの距離をdとし、望遠光学系2の口径をDとし、望遠光学系2の焦点距離をfとし、望遠光学系2の光軸から非共有光学部材(ワイドコンバータ光学系22)の第1面までの距離をyとすると、上記式(3)を満足するように構成した。これにより、広角光学系20と望遠光学系2に光軸平行で入射してきた光線との干渉を防ぐとともに、測距装置1の大型化を防ぐことができる。 (4) In the distance measuring apparatus 1 of (2) above, the distance between the reflecting mirror 21 and the imaging surface of the telephoto optical system 2 (imaging surface of the image sensor 7) is d, and the aperture of the telephoto optical system 2 is D. , the focal length of the telephoto optical system 2 and f 3, and the distance from the optical axis of the telescopic optical system 2 to the first surface of the non-shared optical member (wide converter optical system 22) and y 0, the equation (3) Configured to satisfy. As a result, it is possible to prevent interference between the wide-angle optical system 20 and the telephoto optical system 2 with light rays incident in parallel to the optical axis, and to prevent the distance measuring device 1 from becoming large.

(5)上記(2)〜(4)の測距装置1において、望遠光学系2と広角光学系20と送信光学系3と受信光学系4とは、対物光学系5を共有し、反射鏡21は、送信光学系3および受信光学系4の光路内の位置に配置されるように構成した。これにより、対物光学系5からワイドコンバータ光学系22までの光路長を短くすることができるので、広角光学系20の画角を広くすることができる。 (5) In the distance measuring apparatus 1 of the above (2) to (4), the telephoto optical system 2, the wide-angle optical system 20, the transmission optical system 3, and the reception optical system 4 share the objective optical system 5, and the reflecting mirror 21 is configured to be disposed at a position in the optical path of the transmission optical system 3 and the reception optical system 4. Thereby, since the optical path length from the objective optical system 5 to the wide converter optical system 22 can be shortened, the angle of view of the wide-angle optical system 20 can be widened.

(6)上記(5)の測距装置1において、反射鏡21は、送信光学系3および受信光学系4の光軸外の位置に配置されるように構成した。これにより、測定光および受信光の強度が著しく減衰するのを防ぐことができる。 (6) In the distance measuring device 1 of the above (5), the reflecting mirror 21 is configured to be disposed at a position outside the optical axis of the transmission optical system 3 and the reception optical system 4. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the intensity of the measurement light and the reception light from being significantly attenuated.

(7)上記(1)〜(6)の測距装置1において、望遠光学系2により結像された目標物体の像を撮像する撮像素子7と、広角光学系20により結像された目標物体の像を撮像する撮像素子23と、をさらに備え、撮像素子7および撮像素子23は、それぞれ異なる撮像素子であるように構成した。これにより、簡易に、望遠光学系2による撮像画像と広角光学系20による撮像画像とを表示部32に切り替え表示することができる。 (7) In the distance measuring apparatus 1 of (1) to (6) above, the imaging element 7 that captures an image of the target object imaged by the telephoto optical system 2 and the target object imaged by the wide-angle optical system 20 The image pickup device 23 for picking up an image of the image pickup device 23 is further provided, and the image pickup device 7 and the image pickup device 23 are configured to be different image pickup devices. Thereby, the captured image by the telephoto optical system 2 and the captured image by the wide-angle optical system 20 can be switched and displayed on the display unit 32 easily.

−第2の実施の形態−
次に、図7を用いて本発明の第2の実施の形態について説明する。第2の実施の形態による測距装置100では、第1の実施の形態と広角光学系200の配置が異なっているため、この点を中心に説明する。なお、第2の実施の形態において、第1の実施の形態と同様の構成である箇所については同一の符号を付して、説明を省略する。
-Second Embodiment-
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the distance measuring device 100 according to the second embodiment, since the arrangement of the wide-angle optical system 200 is different from that of the first embodiment, this point will be mainly described. Note that, in the second embodiment, portions having the same configurations as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

図7に示すように、第2の実施の形態による測距装置100の広角光学系200は、目標物体側から順に、対物光学系5と、ダイクロイックプリズム13と、合焦レンズ6と、反射鏡201と、ワイドコンバータ光学系202と、撮像素子203と、を含む。望遠光学系2と広角光学系20とは、対物光学系5と、ダイクロイックプリズム13と、合焦レンズ6とを共有している。また望遠光学系2と広角光学系200とは、同軸光学系として構成されている。反射鏡201は、合焦レンズ6と望遠光学系2の撮像素子7との間であって、望遠光学系2の光軸上の位置に配置されている。対物光学系5、ダイクロイックプリズム13、および合焦レンズ6を透過した目標物体からの光は、反射鏡201により反射され、ワイドコンバータ光学系202を透過して、撮像素子203の撮像面に結像される。撮像素子203は、例えばCMOSなどのイメージセンサであり、撮像面に結像された目標物体の像を撮像し、得られた画像信号を制御部30へ出力する。   As shown in FIG. 7, the wide-angle optical system 200 of the distance measuring device 100 according to the second embodiment includes, in order from the target object side, the objective optical system 5, the dichroic prism 13, the focusing lens 6, and the reflecting mirror. 201, a wide converter optical system 202, and an image sensor 203. The telephoto optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical system 20 share the objective optical system 5, the dichroic prism 13, and the focusing lens 6. The telephoto optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical system 200 are configured as a coaxial optical system. The reflecting mirror 201 is disposed between the focusing lens 6 and the imaging device 7 of the telephoto optical system 2 and at a position on the optical axis of the telephoto optical system 2. Light from the target object that has passed through the objective optical system 5, the dichroic prism 13, and the focusing lens 6 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 201, passes through the wide converter optical system 202, and forms an image on the imaging surface of the image sensor 203. Is done. The image pickup device 203 is an image sensor such as a CMOS, for example, picks up an image of the target object formed on the image pickup surface, and outputs the obtained image signal to the control unit 30.

このような構成により、第2の実施の形態による測距装置100では、第1の実施の形態と比較して視野は狭くなるものの、望遠光学系2と広角光学系200とを同軸で構成できるため、これらの視差をなくすことができる。また第2の実施の形態による測距装置100では、広角光学系200の反射鏡201が送信光学系3および受信光学系4の光路外に配置されているため、測定光および受信光の減衰を防止でき、測定不良を防止することができる。   With such a configuration, in the distance measuring device 100 according to the second embodiment, the telescopic optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical system 200 can be configured coaxially although the field of view is narrower than that of the first embodiment. Therefore, these parallaxes can be eliminated. In the distance measuring device 100 according to the second embodiment, the reflecting mirror 201 of the wide-angle optical system 200 is disposed outside the optical path of the transmission optical system 3 and the reception optical system 4, so that the measurement light and the reception light are attenuated. It is possible to prevent measurement failures.

また第2の実施の形態の測距装置100における広角光学系200の配置条件は、上述した第1の実施の形態と同様である。すなわち、望遠光学系2の光軸からワイドコンバータ光学系202の第1面までの距離をyとし、広角光学系200の反射鏡201と望遠光学系2の撮像素子7との間の距離をdとし、望遠光学系2の口径をDとし、望遠光学系2の焦点距離をfとすると、上記距離yの条件は、上記式(2)で表される。 In addition, the arrangement condition of the wide-angle optical system 200 in the distance measuring device 100 of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment described above. That is, the distance from the optical axis of the telephoto optical system 2 to the first surface of the wide converter optical system 202 is y 0, and the distance between the reflecting mirror 201 of the wide-angle optical system 200 and the image sensor 7 of the telephoto optical system 2 is is d, the diameter of the telescopic optical system 2 is D, and the focal length of the telephoto optical system 2 and f 3, the conditions of the distance y 0 is represented by the above formula (2).

さらに、広角光学系200において、望遠光学系2と共有している光学部材(共有光学部材)の焦点距離をfとし、望遠光学系2と非共有である光学部材(非共有光学部材)の焦点距離をfとすると、これらの条件は、上述した第1の実施の形態と同様に、上記式(3)で表される。なお、本実施形態において、共有光学部材は対物光学系5および合焦レンズ6であり、非共有光学部材は、ワイドコンバータ光学系202である。 Further, in the wide angle optical system 200, the focal length of the optical member (shared optical member) that share a telescopic optical system 2 and f 1, is a non-covalent telephoto optical system and second optical members (unshared optical member) Assuming that the focal length is f 2 , these conditions are expressed by the above formula (3), as in the first embodiment described above. In the present embodiment, the shared optical member is the objective optical system 5 and the focusing lens 6, and the non-shared optical member is the wide converter optical system 202.

(第2の実施の形態における実施例)
次に本実施形態における一実施例を説明する。なお、本実施例において望遠光学系2の構成は、上述した第1の実施の形態における実施例と同様の構成(表1および表2)であるとする。
(Example in the second embodiment)
Next, an example in the present embodiment will be described. In the present example, the configuration of the telephoto optical system 2 is assumed to be the same configuration (Tables 1 and 2) as the example in the first embodiment described above.

表5および表6は、本実施例における広角光学系200の構成を説明する表である。なお、広角光学系200の撮像素子203については、イメージサークル(センサーサイズに相当)(対角及びΦ)4.6mmを想定している。また、表5において、y,zは、広角光学系200の光軸と各構成部材の各面との交点座標(y,z)を表す。yはy軸方向(径方向)の位置、zはz軸方向(光軸方向)の座標を示す。原点(0,0)は望遠光学系2の光軸と面番号1である構成部材との交点とする。

Figure 0006211261
Figure 0006211261
Tables 5 and 6 are tables for explaining the configuration of the wide-angle optical system 200 in this example. The image sensor 203 of the wide-angle optical system 200 is assumed to have an image circle (corresponding to a sensor size) (diagonal and Φ) of 4.6 mm. In Table 5, y and z represent the intersection coordinates (y, z) between the optical axis of the wide-angle optical system 200 and each surface of each component. y is a position in the y-axis direction (radial direction), and z is a coordinate in the z-axis direction (optical axis direction). The origin (0, 0) is the intersection of the optical axis of the telephoto optical system 2 and the component whose surface number is 1.
Figure 0006211261
Figure 0006211261

本実施例において、広角光学系200における非共有光学部材の第1面は絞り(面番号12)となっている。したがって本実施例では、距離yは、望遠光学系2の光軸から当該絞り(面番号12)までの距離である。本実施例では、表5に示すように距離y=5(mm)である。また表6に示すように、上記式(3)の上限値が37.5(mm)であり、上記式(3)の下限値が3.2(mm)である。ゆえに本実施例における距離yは上記式(3)を満たす。 In this embodiment, the first surface of the non-shared optical member in the wide-angle optical system 200 is a stop (surface number 12). In this embodiment, therefore, the distance y 0 is the distance from the optical axis of the telescopic optical system 2 to the aperture (surface number 12). In this embodiment, as shown in Table 5, the distance y 0 = 5 (mm). Moreover, as shown in Table 6, the upper limit value of the above formula (3) is 37.5 (mm), and the lower limit value of the above formula (3) is 3.2 (mm). Therefore, the distance y 0 in this embodiment satisfies the above formula (3).

また、本実施例では、表6に示すようにf/f=18.4であるため、上記式(2)を満たす。 Further, in this example, f 1 / f 2 = 18.4 as shown in Table 6, and therefore the above formula (2) is satisfied.

以上説明した第2の実施形態によれば、次の作用効果が得られる。
(1)測距装置100は、目標物体へ測定光を照射する送信光学系3と、目標物体によって測定光が反射または散乱された戻り光を受光する受信光学系4と、目標物体の像を結像する望遠光学系2と、目標物体の像を結像し、望遠光学系2よりも視野の広い広角光学系200と、を備え、望遠光学系2と広角光学系200とは、対物光学系5および合焦レンズ6を共有するように構成した。そして、望遠光学系2と広角光学系20と送信光学系3と受信光学系4とは、対物光学系5を共有し、反射鏡201は、送信光学系3および受信光学系4の光路外に配置されるように構成した。これにより、測定光および受信光の減衰を防止することができる。また、望遠光学系2の光軸と広角光学系200の光軸を同軸とすることができ、望遠光学系2と広角光学系200との視差をなくすことができる。
According to the second embodiment described above, the following operational effects can be obtained.
(1) The distance measuring device 100 includes a transmission optical system 3 that irradiates measurement light onto a target object, a reception optical system 4 that receives return light that is reflected or scattered by the target object, and an image of the target object. The telephoto optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical system 200 that forms an image of the target object and has a wider field of view than the telephoto optical system 2 include the telephoto optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical system 200. The system 5 and the focusing lens 6 were configured to be shared. The telephoto optical system 2, the wide-angle optical system 20, the transmission optical system 3, and the reception optical system 4 share the objective optical system 5, and the reflecting mirror 201 is outside the optical path of the transmission optical system 3 and the reception optical system 4. Configured to be placed. Thereby, attenuation of measurement light and reception light can be prevented. Further, the optical axis of the telephoto optical system 2 and the optical axis of the wide-angle optical system 200 can be made coaxial, and the parallax between the telephoto optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical system 200 can be eliminated.

(変形例1)
上述した第1の実施の形態において、送信光学系3および受信光学系4による測距中には、広角光学系20の反射鏡21をシフトやチルトさせることで、測距の妨げにならないようにしてもよい。この場合、図8に示すように、反射鏡21を駆動する駆動部40を設ける。駆動部40は、反射鏡21を、送信光学系3および/または受信光学系4の光路内である第1の位置と、送信光学系3および受信光学系4の光路外である第2の位置とに切り替え駆動する。制御部30は、測距を開始する際には、駆動部40を制御して、反射鏡21を第2の位置へと駆動させる。
(Modification 1)
In the first embodiment described above, during distance measurement by the transmission optical system 3 and the reception optical system 4, the reflecting mirror 21 of the wide-angle optical system 20 is shifted or tilted so that distance measurement is not hindered. May be. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, a drive unit 40 for driving the reflecting mirror 21 is provided. The drive unit 40 moves the reflecting mirror 21 to the first position within the optical path of the transmission optical system 3 and / or the reception optical system 4 and the second position outside the optical path of the transmission optical system 3 and the reception optical system 4. Switch to and drive. When starting the distance measurement, the control unit 30 controls the driving unit 40 to drive the reflecting mirror 21 to the second position.

なお、変形例1の場合、反射鏡21は、上述した第1の実施の形態と同様に送信光学系3および受信光学系4の光軸外の位置に配置されていてもよいし、送信光学系3および受信光学系4の光軸上の位置に配置されていてもよい。反射鏡21が送信光学系3および受信光学系4の光軸外の位置に配置されている場合は、当該光軸上の位置に配置されている場合と比較して、反射鏡21を上記第2の位置に退避するまでの時間を短縮することができる。   In the case of the first modification, the reflecting mirror 21 may be disposed at a position off the optical axis of the transmission optical system 3 and the reception optical system 4 as in the first embodiment described above, or the transmission optics. It may be arranged at a position on the optical axis of the system 3 and the receiving optical system 4. When the reflecting mirror 21 is arranged at a position outside the optical axis of the transmission optical system 3 and the receiving optical system 4, the reflecting mirror 21 is arranged as described above as compared with the case where the reflecting mirror 21 is arranged at a position on the optical axis. It is possible to shorten the time required to retreat to the position 2.

また上述した第1および第2の実施の形態において、望遠光学系2による望遠撮影中に、広角光学系20,200の反射鏡21,201をシフトやチルトさせることで、望遠撮影の妨げにならないようにしてもよい。この場合も反射鏡21,201を駆動する駆動部40を設ける。望遠撮影を開始する際には、駆動部40は、制御部30の制御のもと、反射鏡21,201を、望遠光学系2の光路内の位置から望遠光学系2の光路外の位置へと退避させる。   In the first and second embodiments described above, the telescopic optical system 2 does not hinder telephoto shooting by shifting or tilting the reflecting mirrors 21 and 201 of the wide-angle optical systems 20 and 200 during telephoto shooting. You may do it. Also in this case, a driving unit 40 for driving the reflecting mirrors 21 and 201 is provided. When starting telephoto shooting, the drive unit 40 moves the reflecting mirrors 21 and 201 from a position in the optical path of the telephoto optical system 2 to a position outside the optical path of the telephoto optical system 2 under the control of the control unit 30. And evacuate.

(変形例2)
上述した第1および第2の実施の形態では、望遠光学系2により結像された目標物体の像を撮像する撮像素子7と、広角光学系2,200により結像された目標物体の像を撮像する撮像素子23,203とを設ける例について説明した。しかしながら、これらの撮像素子を設けず、望遠光学系2および広角光学系2,200により結像された目標物体の像を観察可能な接眼光学系を設けるようにしてもよい。
(Modification 2)
In the first and second embodiments described above, the image sensor 7 that captures the image of the target object imaged by the telephoto optical system 2 and the image of the target object imaged by the wide-angle optical system 2, 200 are displayed. An example in which the imaging elements 23 and 203 for imaging are provided has been described. However, an eyepiece optical system capable of observing an image of a target object formed by the telephoto optical system 2 and the wide-angle optical systems 2 and 200 may be provided without providing these imaging elements.

(変形例3)
上述した第2の実施の形態では、合焦レンズ6と撮像素子7との間に広角光学系200の反射鏡201が配置されている例について説明した。しかしながら、ダイクロイックプリズム13と合焦レンズ6との間に広角光学系200の反射鏡201が配置されるようにしてもよい。
(Modification 3)
In the above-described second embodiment, the example in which the reflecting mirror 201 of the wide-angle optical system 200 is disposed between the focusing lens 6 and the image sensor 7 has been described. However, the reflecting mirror 201 of the wide-angle optical system 200 may be disposed between the dichroic prism 13 and the focusing lens 6.

(変形例4)
上述した第1の実施の形態では、広角光学系20の反射鏡21を送信光学系3および受信光学系4の光路内に配置する例について説明した。しかしながら、広角光学系20の反射鏡21を送信光学系3または受信光学系4のいずれか一方の光路内に配置するようにしてもよい。例えば、広角光学系20の反射鏡21を送信光学系3の反射鏡10よりも撮像素子7側に配置するようにして、広角光学系20の反射鏡21を送信光学系3の光路内から外すようにしてもよい。また送信光学系3と受信光学系4との配置を逆にして、受信光学系を送信光学系よりも目標物体側に配置した場合、例えば、広角光学系の反射鏡を受信光学系よりも撮像素子側に配置するようにして、広角光学系の反射鏡を受信光学系の光路内から外すようにしてもよい。
(Modification 4)
In the above-described first embodiment, the example in which the reflecting mirror 21 of the wide-angle optical system 20 is disposed in the optical path of the transmission optical system 3 and the reception optical system 4 has been described. However, the reflecting mirror 21 of the wide-angle optical system 20 may be arranged in one of the optical paths of the transmission optical system 3 and the reception optical system 4. For example, the reflecting mirror 21 of the wide-angle optical system 20 is disposed closer to the image sensor 7 than the reflecting mirror 10 of the transmission optical system 3, and the reflecting mirror 21 of the wide-angle optical system 20 is removed from the optical path of the transmission optical system 3. You may do it. Further, when the arrangement of the transmission optical system 3 and the reception optical system 4 is reversed and the reception optical system is arranged closer to the target object side than the transmission optical system, for example, a reflecting mirror of a wide-angle optical system is imaged more than the reception optical system. The reflecting mirror of the wide-angle optical system may be removed from the optical path of the receiving optical system so as to be arranged on the element side.

(変形例5)
上述した第1および第2の実施の形態では、測距装置1,100は、上記式(2)および式(3)を満足する例について説明したが、必ずしもこれに限らなくてもよい。
(Modification 5)
In the first and second embodiments described above, the distance measuring apparatuses 1 and 100 have been described with respect to examples that satisfy the above expressions (2) and (3), but the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto.

以上の説明はあくまで一例であり、上記の実施形態の構成に何ら限定されるものではない。また、上記実施形態に各変形例の構成を適宜組み合わせてもかまわない。   The above description is merely an example, and is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment. Moreover, you may combine the structure of each modification suitably with the said embodiment.

1,100…測距装置、2…望遠光学系、3…送信光学系、4…受信光学系、5…対物光学系、6…合焦レンズ、7,23,203…撮像素子、10,21,201…反射鏡、13…ダイクロイックプリズム、20,200…広角光学系、22,202…ワイドコンバータ光学系、30…制御部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,100 ... Distance measuring device, 2 ... Telephoto optical system, 3 ... Transmission optical system, 4 ... Reception optical system, 5 ... Objective optical system, 6 ... Focusing lens, 7, 23, 203 ... Imaging element 10, 21 , 201 ... reflecting mirror, 13 ... dichroic prism, 20, 200 ... wide-angle optical system, 22, 202 ... wide converter optical system, 30 ... control unit

Claims (7)

目標物体へ測定光を照射する送信光学系と、
前記目標物体によって前記測定光が反射または散乱された戻り光を受光する受信光学系と、
前記目標物体の像を結像する望遠光学系と、
前記目標物体の像を結像し、前記望遠光学系よりも視野の広い広角光学系と、
を備え、
前記望遠光学系と前記広角光学系とは、前記目標物体に向けられる対物光学系を含む一部の構成部材を共有し、
前記望遠光学系と前記送信光学系前記受信光学系とは、同軸光学系として構成され
前記広角光学系は、
前記望遠光学系と共有している共有光学部材と、前記共有光学部材以外で構成される非共有光学部材とを備え、
前記共有光学部材を透過した光を反射して前記光の進行方向を変える反射部材を含み、
前記反射部材は、前記望遠光学系、前記送信光学系及び前記受信光学系の光軸外に配置される測距装置。
A transmission optical system for irradiating the target object with measurement light; and
A receiving optical system for receiving the return light reflected or scattered by the target object by the target object;
A telephoto optical system for forming an image of the target object;
Forming an image of the target object, a wide-angle optical system having a wider field of view than the telephoto optical system,
With
The telephoto optical system and the wide-angle optical system share some components including an objective optical system directed to the target object,
Wherein the receiving optical system and the telescopic optical system and the front Symbol transmitting optical system is constructed as a coaxial optical system,
The wide-angle optical system is
A shared optical member shared with the telephoto optical system, and a non-shared optical member composed of other than the shared optical member,
A reflection member that reflects light transmitted through the shared optical member and changes a traveling direction of the light;
The reflecting member, the telescopic optical system, wherein the transmission optical system and disposed Ru distance measuring apparatus outside the optical axis of the receiving optical system.
請求項1に記載の測距装置において、The distance measuring device according to claim 1,
前記共有光学部材の焦点距離をf  The focal length of the shared optical member is f 1 とし、前記非共有光学部材の焦点距離をfAnd the focal length of the non-shared optical member is f 2 とすると、以下の条件式(1)を満足する測距装置。Then, a distance measuring device that satisfies the following conditional expression (1).
Figure 0006211261
Figure 0006211261
請求項1または2に記載の測距装置において、The distance measuring device according to claim 1 or 2,
前記反射部材と前記望遠光学系の結像面までの距離をdとし、前記望遠光学系の口径をDとし、前記望遠光学系の焦点距離をfThe distance between the reflecting member and the imaging surface of the telephoto optical system is d, the aperture of the telephoto optical system is D, and the focal length of the telephoto optical system is f. 3 とし、前記望遠光学系の光軸から前記非共有光学部材の第1面までの距離をyAnd the distance from the optical axis of the telephoto optical system to the first surface of the non-shared optical member is y 0 とすると、以下の条件式(2)を満足する測距装置。Then, a distance measuring device that satisfies the following conditional expression (2).
Figure 0006211261
Figure 0006211261
請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の測距装置において、In the distance measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
前記望遠光学系と前記広角光学系と前記送信光学系と前記受信光学系とは、前記対物光学系を共有し、The telephoto optical system, the wide-angle optical system, the transmission optical system, and the reception optical system share the objective optical system,
前記反射部材は、前記送信光学系および/または前記受信光学系の光路内の位置に配置される測距装置。The reflection member is a distance measuring device arranged at a position in an optical path of the transmission optical system and / or the reception optical system.
請求項4に記載の測距装置において、The distance measuring device according to claim 4,
前記反射部材を、前記送信光学系および/または前記受信光学系の光路内である第1の位置と当該光路外である第2の位置とに切り替え駆動する駆動手段をさらに備える測距装置。A distance measuring apparatus further comprising a driving unit that switches and drives the reflecting member between a first position within the optical path of the transmission optical system and / or the reception optical system and a second position outside the optical path.
請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の測距装置において、In the distance measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
前記望遠光学系と前記広角光学系と前記送信光学系と前記受信光学系とは、前記対物光学系を共有し、The telephoto optical system, the wide-angle optical system, the transmission optical system, and the reception optical system share the objective optical system,
前記反射部材は、前記送信光学系および前記受信光学系の光路外に配置される測距装置。The reflection member is a distance measuring device arranged outside an optical path of the transmission optical system and the reception optical system.
請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の測距装置において、In the distance measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
前記望遠光学系により結像された前記目標物体の像を撮像する第1の撮像素子と、A first image sensor that captures an image of the target object imaged by the telephoto optical system;
前記広角光学系により結像された前記目標物体の像を撮像する第2の撮像素子と、A second imaging element that images an image of the target object imaged by the wide-angle optical system;
をさらに備え、Further comprising
前記第1の撮像素子および前記第2の撮像素子は、それぞれ異なる撮像素子である測距装置。The distance measuring device, wherein the first image sensor and the second image sensor are different image sensors.
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