JP6177149B2 - Hot water storage system - Google Patents
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- JP6177149B2 JP6177149B2 JP2014012826A JP2014012826A JP6177149B2 JP 6177149 B2 JP6177149 B2 JP 6177149B2 JP 2014012826 A JP2014012826 A JP 2014012826A JP 2014012826 A JP2014012826 A JP 2014012826A JP 6177149 B2 JP6177149 B2 JP 6177149B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/18—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperated or waste heat
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- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Description
本発明は、貯湯タンクに貯めた湯を給湯に利用する貯湯システムに係り、特に、他の装置の排熱を回収して貯湯タンク内の水を昇温する貯湯システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a hot water storage system that uses hot water stored in a hot water storage tank for hot water supply, and more particularly, to a hot water storage system that recovers exhaust heat from other devices and raises the temperature of water in the hot water storage tank.
燃料電池で発電する際に生じる熱を回収し、その回収した熱で貯湯タンク内の水を昇温して給湯に利用する貯湯システムがある。 There is a hot water storage system that recovers heat generated when power is generated by a fuel cell, raises the temperature of water in the hot water storage tank with the recovered heat, and uses it for hot water supply.
このような貯湯システムにおいて、湯の利用が少ない時間帯に発電を継続すると、やがて貯湯タンク内の水全体が所定の最高温度に達して蓄熱が満状態（以後、この状態を満蓄と呼ぶ）となり、燃料電池の発する熱を回収できなくなる。燃料電池は高温に弱いので、貯湯タンクが満蓄になって熱の回収を継続できなければ、発電を停止させなければならない。しかし、燃料電池は、一旦、発電を停止させると、再起動に時間がかかるので、停止、再起動を繰り返すことは望ましくない。 In such a hot water storage system, if power generation is continued during a time period when the use of hot water is low, the entire water in the hot water storage tank eventually reaches a predetermined maximum temperature and the heat storage is full (hereinafter, this state is called full storage). Thus, the heat generated by the fuel cell cannot be recovered. Since fuel cells are vulnerable to high temperatures, power generation must be stopped if the hot water storage tank is full and heat recovery cannot continue. However, once power generation is stopped, it takes time to restart the fuel cell, so it is not desirable to repeat the stop and restart.
そこで、貯湯タンク内の湯を利用した浴槽への湯張り動作を予約された湯張り開始時刻の前に強制的に開始させることで、貯湯タンクの満蓄状態を解消するようにしたコージェネレーションシステムがある（特許文献１参照）。 Therefore, the cogeneration system is designed to eliminate the full storage state of the hot water tank by forcibly starting the hot water filling operation to the bathtub using the hot water in the hot water storage tank before the reserved hot water start time. (See Patent Document 1).
また、停電時に、貯湯タンクが満蓄で燃料電池による発電ができなくなる事態を回避するために、貯湯タンク内の湯を捨てて発電可能にするコージェネレーションシステムがある（特許文献２参照）。 In addition, there is a cogeneration system that enables power generation by discarding hot water in a hot water storage tank in order to avoid a situation in which the hot water storage tank is fully stored and power generation by a fuel cell cannot be performed during a power failure (see Patent Document 2).
ところで、通常、給湯器で加熱された湯は給湯配管を通って給湯栓から流出する。そのため、給湯器と給湯栓が離れていると、給湯栓を開いたときに、湯が出る前に、給湯配管内に残っていた水がしばらく出てしまう。浴室のシャワーなどでは、開栓してから冷たい水が長く出ると快適性を著しく損なわれるので、給湯栓を開いたら直ぐに湯の出る即湯機能が望まれる。 By the way, the hot water heated by the water heater usually flows out from the hot water tap through the hot water supply pipe. Therefore, if the water heater is separated from the hot water tap, when the hot water tap is opened, the water remaining in the hot water supply pipe will be discharged for a while before the hot water is discharged. In bathroom showers and the like, if cold water comes out for a long time after opening the door, the comfort will be significantly impaired.
そこで、風呂給湯器からシャワー等の給湯栓に延設された給湯配管を該給湯栓の少し手前で分岐させ、その分岐配管を風呂給湯器まで一旦戻し、風呂給湯器の内部で開閉弁を介して風呂の追い焚き回路に合流させるように構成した給湯装置がある（特許文献３参照）。この給湯装置では、給湯配管内の冷水を新たな湯に入れ替える際に、開閉弁を開くことで、給湯配管内の冷水を分岐配管および風呂の追い焚き回路を通じて浴槽内へ排出する。 Therefore, the hot water supply pipe extended from the bath water heater to the hot water tap such as a shower is branched slightly before the hot water tap, the branch pipe is temporarily returned to the bath water heater, and the inside of the bath water heater is connected with an open / close valve. There is a hot water supply device configured to join a reheating circuit of a bath (see Patent Document 3). In this hot water supply apparatus, when the cold water in the hot water supply pipe is replaced with new hot water, the open / close valve is opened to discharge the cold water in the hot water supply pipe into the bathtub through the branch pipe and the reheating circuit of the bath.
特許文献２に開示のコージェネレーションシステムのように、発電可能にするために貯湯タンク内の湯を単に捨てるのは、もったいない。 As in the cogeneration system disclosed in Patent Document 2, it is a waste to simply throw away the hot water in the hot water storage tank in order to enable power generation.
特許文献１に開示のコージェネレーションシステムでは、貯湯タンクの満蓄を解消するために、貯湯タンクの湯を風呂の追い焚き回路を通じて浴槽へ排出している。このコージェネレーションシステムは、貯湯タンクから排出する湯を浴槽の湯張りに二次利用しているが、即湯機能には利用していない。 In the cogeneration system disclosed in Patent Document 1, in order to eliminate the full storage of the hot water storage tank, the hot water in the hot water storage tank is discharged to the bathtub through the reheating circuit of the bath. In this cogeneration system, the hot water discharged from the hot water storage tank is secondarily used for the hot water filling of the bathtub, but is not used for the immediate hot water function.
一方、特許文献３に開示の給湯装置は、即湯機能は実現できても、貯湯タンクの満蓄解消は考慮されていない。また、シャワー等の給湯栓の少し手前で給湯配管から分岐させた分岐配管を風呂給湯器まで一旦戻すので、経路が往復となって長くなり、たとえば、風呂給湯器の温度センサがお湯を検知するまで給湯配管にお湯を送り出す構成にすると、捨て水が多くなってしまう。また、既存の家に貯湯システムをリフォーム等で導入する際には、浴室から風呂給湯器の設置箇所まで分岐配管を新たに設置しなければならず、工事が大掛かりになってしまう。 On the other hand, the hot water supply device disclosed in Patent Document 3 does not take into account the full storage cancellation of the hot water storage tank, even though the hot water function can be realized. In addition, since the branch pipe branched from the hot water supply pipe just before the hot water tap such as a shower is once returned to the bath water heater, the path becomes reciprocating and becomes longer. For example, the temperature sensor of the bath water heater detects hot water. If the hot water is supplied to the hot water supply pipe, the amount of discarded water will increase. In addition, when a hot water storage system is introduced into an existing house by renovation or the like, a branch pipe must be newly installed from the bathroom to the place where the bath water heater is installed, resulting in a large construction.
本発明は、上記の問題を解決しようとするものであり、貯湯タンクの満蓄を解消する際の湯を即湯機能に利用することのできる貯湯システムを提供することを目的としている。 An object of the present invention is to provide a hot water storage system that can use hot water for eliminating hot water in a hot water storage tank for an immediate hot water function.
かかる目的を達成するための本発明の要旨とするところは、次の各項の発明に存する。 The gist of the present invention for achieving the object lies in the inventions of the following items.
［１］補給される給水を溜める貯湯タンクと、
所定の装置の排熱を回収して前記貯湯タンク内の水を昇温する排熱回収部と、
前記貯湯タンクから供給される湯水を設定された温度に温度調整して出湯する温度調整部と、
前記温度調整部から給湯栓まで延設される給湯配管の途中で分岐して所定の排水先へ通じる排水管と、
前記給湯配管内の湯水を、前記排水管を通じて排水するか否かを切り替える開閉弁と、
前記開閉弁の開閉を制御する制御部と、
を有し、
前記制御部は、前記排熱回収部で前記排熱を回収する際に前記貯湯タンクの蓄熱が満状態の場合は、前記開閉弁を開いて前記給湯配管内の湯水を前記排水管から排水することで、前記貯湯タンク内の湯を前記給湯配管内へ流出させる強制排出処理を行う
ことを特徴とする貯湯システム。
[1] A hot water storage tank for storing water to be replenished;
An exhaust heat recovery unit that recovers exhaust heat of a predetermined device and raises the temperature of the water in the hot water storage tank;
A temperature adjusting unit for adjusting the temperature of the hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank to a set temperature and discharging the hot water;
A drain pipe that branches in the middle of a hot water supply pipe extending from the temperature adjustment section to the hot water tap and leads to a predetermined drainage destination;
An on-off valve for switching whether or not to drain the hot water in the hot water supply pipe through the drain pipe;
A controller for controlling opening and closing of the on-off valve;
Have
When the heat storage in the hot water storage tank is full when the exhaust heat recovery unit recovers the exhaust heat, the control unit opens the open / close valve to drain hot water in the hot water supply pipe from the drain pipe. Thus, a forced discharge process is performed to cause the hot water in the hot water storage tank to flow out into the hot water supply pipe.
上記発明では、排熱回収部で排熱を回収したいが、貯湯タンクの蓄熱が満状態（満蓄とする）で排熱回収ができない場合に、開閉弁を開いて給湯配管内の湯水を排水管から排水し、貯湯タンク内の湯を給湯配管内へ流出させる強制排出処理を行って、満蓄を解消する。これにより排熱回収が可能になると共に、給湯配管内が新たな湯に入れ替わるので、その後に給湯栓を開いたら直ぐに湯が出るようになる。すなわち、強制排出処理を行うことで、貯湯タンクの満蓄を解消しつつ即湯機能に寄与することができる。 In the above invention, the exhaust heat recovery unit wants to recover the exhaust heat, but when the heat storage in the hot water storage tank is full (full storage) and exhaust heat recovery cannot be performed, the on-off valve is opened to drain the hot water in the hot water supply pipe. Drain from the pipe and perform forced drainage treatment to drain the hot water in the hot water storage tank into the hot water supply piping to eliminate full storage. As a result, exhaust heat recovery becomes possible, and the hot water supply pipe is replaced with new hot water, so that hot water comes out as soon as the hot water tap is opened thereafter. That is, by performing the forced discharge process, it is possible to contribute to the hot water function while eliminating the full storage of the hot water storage tank.
［２］前記排水管は、前記給湯栓の近傍で前記給湯配管から分岐する
ことを特徴とする［１］に記載の貯湯システム。
[2] The hot water storage system according to [1], wherein the drain pipe is branched from the hot water supply pipe in the vicinity of the hot water tap.
上記発明では、給湯栓のすぐ近くまで給湯配管内が新たな湯に入れ替わるので、給湯栓を開いた際に、湯が出る前に冷たい水の出る量をより少なくすることができる。 In the above invention, since the hot water supply pipe is replaced with new hot water to the immediate vicinity of the hot water tap, when the hot water tap is opened, it is possible to reduce the amount of cold water before hot water comes out.
［３］前記温度調整部から前記給湯配管へ送り出す水量を検出する第１流量センサと、
前記排水管の流量を制限する流量制限部と、
を有し、
前記制御部は、前記強制排出処理による排水中に、前記第１流量センサの検出する流量が一定以上増加した場合は、前記開閉弁を閉じて前記強制排出処理を中止する
ことを特徴とする［１］または［２］に記載の貯湯システム。
[3] A first flow rate sensor that detects the amount of water sent from the temperature adjustment unit to the hot water supply pipe;
A flow restriction unit for restricting the flow rate of the drain pipe;
Have
When the flow rate detected by the first flow rate sensor is more than a certain level during drainage by the forced discharge process, the control unit closes the on-off valve and stops the forced discharge process. The hot water storage system according to [1] or [2].
上記発明では、強制排出処理中に給湯栓が開いた場合に、これを検出して強制排出処理を中止することができる。 In the said invention, when a hot-water tap opens during a forced discharge process, this can be detected and a forced discharge process can be stopped.
［４］前記温度調整部から前記給湯配管へ送り出す水量を検出する第１流量センサと、
前記排水管の流量を制限する流量制限部と、
前記排水管内の湯水の流量を検出する第２流量センサと
を有し、
前記制御部は、前記強制排出処理による排水中に、前記第１流量センサの検出する流量が前記第２流量センサの検出する流量より一定以上に増加した場合に、前記開閉弁を閉じて前記強制排出処理を中止する
ことを特徴とする［１］または［２］に記載の貯湯システム。
[4] A first flow rate sensor that detects the amount of water sent from the temperature adjustment unit to the hot water supply pipe;
A flow restriction unit for restricting the flow rate of the drain pipe;
A second flow sensor for detecting a flow rate of hot water in the drain pipe,
When the flow rate detected by the first flow rate sensor is more than a certain level higher than the flow rate detected by the second flow rate sensor during drainage by the forced discharge process, the control unit closes the on-off valve to The hot water storage system according to [1] or [2], wherein the discharge processing is stopped.
上記発明では、強制排出処理中に給湯栓が開いた場合に、これを精度良く検出して強制排出処理を中止することができる。 In the said invention, when a hot-water tap opens during a forced discharge process, this can be detected accurately and a forced discharge process can be stopped.
上記発明では
［５］前記制御部は、前記給湯配管を通じた給湯が行われてから所定時間が経過するまでの期間は、前記強制排出処理の実行を禁止する
ことを特徴とする［１］乃至［４］のいずれか１つに記載の貯湯システム。
In the above invention, [5] the control unit prohibits execution of the forced discharge process during a period from when hot water is supplied through the hot water supply pipe to when a predetermined time elapses. [4] The hot water storage system according to any one of [4].
上記発明では、給湯後は、給湯配管内に暖かい湯があるので、この湯の温度が低下するまでの間、強制排出処理を行わなくても即湯が可能になる。そこで、給湯終了後の所定期間は強制排出処理の実行を禁止する。 In the above invention, since hot water is present in the hot water supply pipe after the hot water supply, the hot water can be immediately used without performing the forced discharge process until the temperature of the hot water decreases. Therefore, execution of the forced discharge process is prohibited for a predetermined period after the end of hot water supply.
［６］前記排水管内の湯水の温度を検出する温度センサを有し、
前記制御部は、
前記強制排出処理中に前記温度センサの検出した温度と、前記強制排出処理の直前の給湯動作において前記温度調整部が前記給湯配管に送り出した湯水の温度と、前記直前の給湯動作の終了から前記強制排出処理が実行されるまでの時間と、外気温度とに基づいて、前記給湯配管の放熱特性を学習し、
前記学習した前記給湯配管の放熱特性と現在の外気温度とに基づいて、前記所定時間を決定する
ことを特徴とする［５］に記載の貯湯システム。
[6] having a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the hot water in the drain pipe;
The controller is
The temperature detected by the temperature sensor during the forced discharge process, the temperature of the hot water sent out to the hot water supply pipe by the temperature adjustment unit in the hot water supply operation immediately before the forced discharge process, and the end of the previous hot water supply operation Based on the time until the forced discharge process is executed and the outside air temperature, the heat dissipation characteristics of the hot water supply pipe are learned,
The hot water storage system according to [5], wherein the predetermined time is determined based on the learned heat dissipation characteristic of the hot water supply pipe and the current outside air temperature.
上記発明では、実際の給湯配管の放熱特性を学習し、該放熱特性と外気温度に応じて、給湯終了後における強制排出処理の禁止期間を決定する。これにより、設置状況と季節に応じた適切な禁止期間が設定される。 In the above-described invention, the actual heat dissipation characteristics of the hot water supply pipe are learned, and the forced discharge process prohibition period after the hot water supply is determined according to the heat dissipation characteristics and the outside air temperature. Thereby, an appropriate prohibition period according to the installation situation and season is set.
［７］前記排水管内の湯水の温度を検出する温度センサを有し、
前記制御部は、前記強制排出処理において前記温度調整部から前記給湯配管に湯を送り出し始めてから、該湯の到達を前記温度センサが検出するまでの間に前記温度調整部から前記給湯配管に送り出した湯量を計測して前記温度調整部から前記温度センサまでの配管容量を学習し、該学習した配管容量に基づいて前記強制排出処理での排水量を決定する
ことを特徴とする［１］乃至［６］のいずれか１つに記載の貯湯システム。
[7] It has a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of hot water in the drain pipe,
The control unit sends out hot water from the temperature adjustment unit to the hot water supply piping after the temperature sensor detects the arrival of the hot water after starting to send hot water from the temperature adjustment unit to the hot water supply piping in the forced discharge process. The amount of hot water is measured to learn the pipe capacity from the temperature adjustment unit to the temperature sensor, and the amount of drainage in the forced discharge process is determined based on the learned pipe capacity [1] to [ 6]. The hot water storage system according to any one of [6].
上記発明では、温度調整部から排水管（排水管の温度センサ）までの配管容量を計測し、この配管容量に基づいて強制排出処理での排水量を決定する。この排水量は即湯のために必要な最小排水量である。 In the said invention, the piping capacity | capacitance from a temperature control part to a drain pipe (temperature sensor of a drain pipe) is measured, and the amount of drainage in forced discharge processing is determined based on this pipe capacity. This drainage is the minimum drainage required for instant hot water.
［８］前記所定の排水先が浴槽である
ことを特徴とする［１］乃至［７］のいずれか１つに記載の貯湯システム。
[8] The hot water storage system according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the predetermined drainage destination is a bathtub.
上記発明では、満蓄解消のための排水が浴槽の注湯に利用される。 In the said invention, the waste_water | drain for full accumulation cancellation is utilized for the pouring of the bathtub.
［９］前記所定の排水先を、前記浴槽と、他の排水先とに切り替える排水先切り換え部を有し、
前記制御部は、前記強制排出処理を行う場合に、前記浴槽が空ならば前記所定の排水先を前記他の排水先に設定する
ことを特徴とする［８］に記載の貯湯システム。
[9] A drainage destination switching unit that switches the predetermined drainage destination to the bathtub and another drainage destination,
The hot water storage system according to [8], wherein when performing the forced discharge process, the control unit sets the predetermined drainage destination as the other drainage destination if the bathtub is empty.
上記発明では、浴槽が空の場合は、強制排水処理の排水は、浴槽以外に排水される。 In the said invention, when the bathtub is empty, the waste_water | drain of a forced drainage process is drained other than a bathtub.
［１０］前記制御部は、前記浴槽を排水先とする前記強制排出処理を行う場合は、前記温度調整部が前記給湯配管に送り出す湯の温度を風呂の設定温度にし、前記他の排水先を排水先とする前記強制排出処理を行う場合は、前記温度調整部が前記給湯配管に送り出す湯の温度を給湯の設定温度にする
ことを特徴とする［８］または［９］に記載の貯湯システム。
[10] When the control unit performs the forced discharge process using the bathtub as a drainage destination, the temperature adjusting unit sets the temperature of the hot water sent to the hot water supply pipe to the set temperature of the bath, and sets the other drainage destination as the drainage destination. The hot water storage system according to [8] or [9], wherein when performing the forced discharge processing as a drainage destination, the temperature adjusting unit sets a temperature of hot water sent to the hot water supply pipe to a set temperature of the hot water supply. .
上記発明では、強制排出処理で浴槽に排水される湯が風呂の設定温度を越える熱い湯になることが防止される。 In the said invention, the hot water drained by the bathtub by forced discharge processing is prevented from becoming hot hot water exceeding the preset temperature of the bath.
［１１］ 前記制御部は、人が入浴中に前記浴槽を排水先とする前記強制排出処理を行う場合は、前記温度調整部が前記給湯配管に送り出す湯の温度を所定温度より低い温度に制限する
ことを特徴とする［８］または［９］に記載の貯湯システム。
[11] When the control unit performs the forced draining process using the bathtub as a drainage destination during bathing, the temperature adjustment unit limits the temperature of hot water sent to the hot water supply pipe to a temperature lower than a predetermined temperature. The hot water storage system according to [8] or [9], wherein:
上記発明では、人が入浴中の強制排出処理で浴槽に排水される湯が高温になることが防止される。 In the said invention, the hot water drained by the bathtub by the forced discharge process in which a person is bathing is prevented from becoming high temperature.
［１２］前記排水管は、前記浴槽へ排水するために風呂の追い焚き用の配管に合流され、
少なくとも、前記排水管の一部と、その途中に設けられた逆止弁と前記開閉部を、一のユニットに収め、
前記浴槽に取り付けた循環金具に、前記ユニットを、前記浴槽の外側で取り付ける
ことを特徴とする［８］乃至［１１］のいずれか１つに記載の貯湯システム。
[12] The drain pipe is joined to a pipe for bathing in order to drain into the bathtub,
At least a part of the drainage pipe, a check valve provided in the middle of the drainage pipe, and the opening / closing part are housed in one unit,
The hot water storage system according to any one of [8] to [11], wherein the unit is attached to a circulating metal fitting attached to the bathtub outside the bathtub.
上記発明では、ユニットの取り付け場所に困ることがない。 In the above-described invention, there is no problem with the place where the unit is attached.
［１３］前記給湯配管は、途中で、第１給湯配管と第２給湯配管に分岐し、
前記第１給湯配管から前記排水管は分岐し、
前記第２給湯配管に取り付けられた給湯栓のある部屋に、前記強制排出処理の実行要求をユーザから受けるための操作釦を設け、
前記制御部は、前記操作釦の操作に基づいて前記強制排出処理を行う
ことを特徴とする［１］乃至［１２］のいずれか１つに記載の貯湯システム。
[13] The hot water supply pipe branches into a first hot water supply pipe and a second hot water supply pipe on the way,
The drain pipe branches off from the first hot water supply pipe,
In a room with a hot-water tap attached to the second hot water supply pipe, an operation button for receiving a request for executing the forced discharge process from a user is provided,
The hot water storage system according to any one of [1] to [12], wherein the control unit performs the forced discharge process based on an operation of the operation button.
上記発明では、利用者は、第２給湯配管に取り付けられた給湯栓からの出湯における即湯機能を、該給湯栓のある部屋に設置された操作釦を操作して要求することができる。 In the above invention, the user can request an immediate hot water function in hot water from a hot water tap attached to the second hot water supply pipe by operating an operation button installed in a room with the hot water tap.
［１４］前記制御部は、前記操作釦の操作に基づいて前記強制排出処理を行う場合は、該強制排出処理での排水量を、前記温度調整部から前記排水管までの配管容量より少ない所定の水量に制限する
ことを特徴とする［１３］に記載の貯湯システム。
[14] When the control unit performs the forced discharge process based on the operation of the operation button, the amount of drainage in the forced discharge process is less than a pipe capacity from the temperature adjustment unit to the drain pipe. The hot water storage system according to [13], which is limited to the amount of water.
上記発明では、第２給湯配管側の給湯栓に即湯機能を提供する場合には、第１給湯配管と第２給湯配管の分岐箇所までの給湯配管内が新たな湯に入れ替われば良いので、強制排出処理での排水量を通常よりも少なくする。 In the above invention, when the hot water supply function is provided to the hot water tap on the second hot water supply pipe side, the hot water supply pipe up to the branch point of the first hot water supply pipe and the second hot water supply pipe may be replaced with new hot water. Reduce the amount of wastewater from forced discharge treatment.
本発明に係る貯湯システムによれば、貯湯タンクの満蓄を解消する際に排水する湯を利用して即湯機能を提供することができる。 According to the hot water storage system according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an immediate hot water function using the hot water drained when the hot water storage tank is fully charged.
以下、図面に基づき本発明の実施の形態を説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
図１は、本発明の実施の形態に係る貯湯システム１０の概略構成を示している。貯湯システム１０は、給水源から補給される給水を溜める貯湯タンク１１と、燃料電池４などの熱源からの排熱を回収して貯湯タンク１１内の水を昇温する排熱回収部１２と、貯湯タンク１１から供給される湯と給水とを混合する混合器１３と、混合器１３を経た湯を設定温度へ昇温するバックアップ熱源機としての風呂給湯器１４と、浴室内などに設けられる即湯ユニット２０を備えて構成される。 FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a hot water storage system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The hot water storage system 10 includes a hot water storage tank 11 that stores water supplied from a water supply source, an exhaust heat recovery unit 12 that recovers exhaust heat from a heat source such as the fuel cell 4 and raises the temperature of the water in the hot water storage tank 11, A mixer 13 for mixing hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank 11 and water supply, a bath water heater 14 as a backup heat source for raising the temperature of the hot water that has passed through the mixer 13 to a set temperature, and an instant provided in a bathroom or the like. A hot water unit 20 is provided.
混合器１３とバックアップ熱源機としての風呂給湯器１４は、貯湯タンク１１から供給される湯水を設定温度に温度調整して出湯する温度調整部としての機能を果たす。 The mixer 13 and the bath water heater 14 serving as a backup heat source machine serve as a temperature adjusting unit that adjusts the temperature of hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank 11 to a set temperature and discharges the hot water.
風呂給湯器１４は、混合器１３から到来する湯水を設定温度に加熱して給湯配管５へ送り出す給湯機能、浴槽２内が設定水位・設定温度となるように浴槽２へ湯を注湯（湯張り）する機能、浴槽２内の湯水を追い焚きする機能などを備えている。風呂給湯器１４は、加熱対象の湯水を熱交換器に通し、該熱交換器をバーナで加熱して湯水を加熱する方式を採用している。なお、加熱の方式はこれに限定されるものではない。 The bath water heater 14 is a hot water supply function that heats hot water coming from the mixer 13 to a set temperature and sends it to the hot water supply pipe 5, and pours hot water into the bathtub 2 so that the inside of the bathtub 2 becomes a set water level and set temperature (hot water) And the function of chasing hot water in the bathtub 2. The bath water heater 14 employs a system in which hot and cold water to be heated is passed through a heat exchanger, and the hot water is heated by heating the heat exchanger with a burner. Note that the heating method is not limited to this.
風呂給湯器１４から延設された給湯配管５の途中にはヘッダ１６が設けてある。給湯配管５は、風呂給湯器１４からヘッダ１６までは１本にされており、ヘッダ１６で複数に分岐されて、台所、洗面所、浴室などにある各給湯栓へ延設されている。ヘッダ１６は、保守性などを考慮して、たとえば、洗面台の下などに設置される。 A header 16 is provided in the middle of the hot water supply pipe 5 extending from the bath water heater 14. One hot water supply pipe 5 is provided from the bath water heater 14 to the header 16, and is branched into a plurality by the header 16, and is extended to each hot water tap in a kitchen, a washroom, a bathroom, and the like. The header 16 is installed, for example, under the washstand in consideration of maintainability and the like.
また、湯張りや追い焚きを行うために、風呂給湯器１４と浴槽２との間は、風呂給湯器１４から浴槽２に向けて湯を送るための風呂往き管６および浴槽２内の湯を風呂給湯器１４に戻すための風呂戻り管７で接続されている。 In addition, in order to perform hot water filling and chasing, between the bath water heater 14 and the bathtub 2, the hot water in the bathtub 6 and the bathtub 2 for sending hot water from the bath water heater 14 toward the bathtub 2 are used. It is connected by a bath return pipe 7 for returning to the bath water heater 14.
風呂給湯器１４は出湯する湯の流量を検出する流量センサ、該湯の温度を検出する温度センサ、外気温度を検出する外気温センサなどを備えている。 The bath water heater 14 includes a flow rate sensor for detecting the flow rate of hot water to be discharged, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the hot water, an outside air temperature sensor for detecting the outside air temperature, and the like.
貯湯タンク１１は中空略円柱状の容器であり、たとえば、容量１５０リットル程度を有する。貯湯タンク１１は底部から給水が補給され、上部から湯を流出する。流出する湯は配管を通じて混合器１３に送られる。また、貯湯タンク１１は、最高水位（満状態）から水位が２０リットル、５０リットル、８０リットル、１１０リットル、１３０リットルだけ下がった各箇所に、その箇所の水温を検出する温度センサ１１ａを備えている。 The hot water storage tank 11 is a hollow, substantially cylindrical container, and has a capacity of about 150 liters, for example. The hot water storage tank 11 is replenished with water from the bottom and flows out from the top. The flowing hot water is sent to the mixer 13 through a pipe. The hot water storage tank 11 is provided with a temperature sensor 11a for detecting the water temperature at each location where the water level has dropped by 20 liters, 50 liters, 80 liters, 110 liters, and 130 liters from the highest water level (full state). Yes.
排熱回収部１２は、燃料電池４の排熱を回収する熱交換器１２ａやポンプ１２ｂを備えている。排熱回収部１２は、該ポンプ１２ｂを稼動させることで貯湯タンク１１の下部から吸い出した水を、熱交換器１２ａを経由させて貯湯タンク１１の上部に戻すように循環させることにより、貯湯タンク１１内の水を昇温する。 The exhaust heat recovery unit 12 includes a heat exchanger 12 a and a pump 12 b that recover the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 4. The exhaust heat recovery unit 12 circulates the water sucked from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 11 by operating the pump 12b so as to return to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 11 via the heat exchanger 12a. The water in 11 is heated.
即湯ユニット２０は、浴室に設けられたシャワー用の給湯栓８へ向かう給湯配管５ａの途中に設けられる。即湯ユニット２０は、給湯配管５ａから分岐された排水管２２を備え、該排水管２２を閉じるか、風呂往き管６に連通させるか、浴室内の排水口へ開放するかを切り替える等の機能を果たす。 The instant hot water unit 20 is provided in the middle of the hot water supply pipe 5a toward the hot water tap 8 for shower provided in the bathroom. The immediate hot water unit 20 includes a drain pipe 22 branched from the hot water supply pipe 5a, and functions such as switching the drain pipe 22 to be closed, communicated with the bath outlet pipe 6, or opened to a drain outlet in the bathroom. Fulfill.
このほか貯湯システム１０は、全体の動作を制御する制御基板１７、台所や浴室に設置されたリモコン１８などを備えている。制御基板１７は、ＣＰＵ（Central Processing Unit）、ＲＯＭ（Read Only Memory）、ＲＡＭ（Random Access Memory）などを主要部として構成される。ＣＰＵは、ＲＯＭに格納されているプログラムを実行することで各種の制御を行う。リモコン１８は通信線で制御基板１７と接続されている。リモコン１８は、給湯の温度、風呂の温度や水位などの設定や運転のオンオフに関する操作を利用者から受け付ける。 In addition, the hot water storage system 10 includes a control board 17 that controls the overall operation, a remote controller 18 installed in the kitchen or bathroom, and the like. The control board 17 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like as main parts. The CPU performs various controls by executing programs stored in the ROM. The remote controller 18 is connected to the control board 17 via a communication line. The remote controller 18 accepts operations related to setting of the hot water supply temperature, bath temperature, water level, etc. and operation on / off from the user.
図２は、即湯ユニット２０の構成を示す図である。即湯ユニット２０は、シャワー用の給湯栓８に向かう給湯配管５ａの途中（シャワー用の給湯栓の近傍）から分岐継手３１ａを介して分岐された排水管２２を備えている。排水管２２には、排水管２２を流れる湯水の流量を制限する流量制限部としてのオリフィス２３と、排水管２２内を流れる湯水の流量を検出する流量センサ２４と、排水管２２内の湯水の温度を検出する水温センサ２５と、排水管２２を開閉する開閉弁としての電磁弁２６と、クロスコネクションを解決するための逆止弁機能を備えた三方弁２７と、水位センサ２８が、下流に向けてこの順に設けられている。 FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the immediate hot water unit 20. The instant hot water unit 20 includes a drain pipe 22 branched from the middle of the hot water supply pipe 5a toward the shower hot water tap 8 (in the vicinity of the hot water tap for shower) via the branch joint 31a. The drain pipe 22 includes an orifice 23 as a flow restricting section that limits the flow rate of hot water flowing through the drain pipe 22, a flow rate sensor 24 that detects the flow rate of hot water flowing through the drain pipe 22, and hot water in the drain pipe 22. A water temperature sensor 25 for detecting temperature, an electromagnetic valve 26 as an on-off valve for opening and closing the drain pipe 22, a three-way valve 27 having a check valve function for solving a cross connection, and a water level sensor 28 are provided downstream. It is provided in this order.
三方弁２７の入り側には、電磁弁２６側からの排水管２２が接続されている。三方弁２７の一方の出側に接続された排水管２２ａは、水位センサ２８を経て風呂往き管６に分岐継手３１ｂを介して合流している。三方弁２７の他方の出側に接続された排水管２２ｂは浴室内の排水口に開放されている。 A drain pipe 22 from the electromagnetic valve 26 side is connected to the entry side of the three-way valve 27. The drain pipe 22a connected to one outlet side of the three-way valve 27 joins the bath outlet pipe 6 via the branch joint 31b via the water level sensor 28. A drain pipe 22b connected to the other outlet side of the three-way valve 27 is opened to a drain outlet in the bathroom.
即湯ユニット２０は、電磁弁２６の開閉や三方弁２７の切り替えを制御する制御基板２９（制御部）を備えている。制御基板２９は、ＣＰＵ、ＲＯＭ、ＲＡＭなどを主要部として構成される。ＣＰＵは、ＲＯＭに格納されているプログラムを実行することで即湯ユニット２０としての各種の機能を実現する。制御基板２９には流量センサ２４や水温センサ２５，水位センサ２８が接続されており、それらの検出値はＣＰＵに取り込まれる。 The immediate hot water unit 20 includes a control board 29 (control unit) that controls opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve 26 and switching of the three-way valve 27. The control board 29 is composed mainly of a CPU, ROM, RAM, and the like. The CPU implements various functions as the immediate hot water unit 20 by executing a program stored in the ROM. A flow rate sensor 24, a water temperature sensor 25, and a water level sensor 28 are connected to the control board 29, and their detected values are taken into the CPU.
また、制御基板２９は、貯湯システム１０側の制御基板１７と通信線を通じて通信可能に接続されており、貯湯システム１０側の制御基板１７と各種の情報をやり取りして即湯ユニット２０の動作を制御する。 The control board 29 is communicably connected to the control board 17 on the hot water storage system 10 side through a communication line, and exchanges various types of information with the control board 17 on the hot water storage system 10 side to operate the immediate hot water unit 20. Control.
次に、貯湯システム１０の各種動作について説明する。 Next, various operations of the hot water storage system 10 will be described.
＜排熱回収動作＞
燃料電池４が発電する際に生じた排熱を回収して貯湯タンク１１内の湯水を加熱する排熱回収動作では、制御基板１７の指示により、排熱回収部１２のポンプ１２ｂが稼動される。これにより、貯湯タンク１１内の湯水は底部から吸い出され、熱交換器１２ａを経て加熱された後、貯湯タンク１１の上部に戻される。
<Exhaust heat recovery operation>
In the exhaust heat recovery operation for recovering the exhaust heat generated when the fuel cell 4 generates electricity and heating the hot water in the hot water storage tank 11, the pump 12 b of the exhaust heat recovery unit 12 is operated according to an instruction from the control board 17. . Thus, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 11 is sucked out from the bottom, heated through the heat exchanger 12a, and then returned to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 11.
給水は貯湯タンク１１の底部に供給され、排熱回収動作で加熱された湯は貯湯タンク１１の上部に戻されるので、貯湯タンク１１内には下部が低温で上部が高温となるような温度勾配が形成される。そして排熱回収動作を続けることで上部に溜まる高温の湯量が次第に増加する。貯湯タンク１１内の全体に所定温度（たとえば、８０℃）以上の湯が満たされた場合に、貯湯タンク１１は満蓄となる。 The hot water is supplied to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 11 and the hot water heated by the exhaust heat recovery operation is returned to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 11, so that the temperature gradient in the hot water storage tank 11 is such that the lower part is low and the upper part is hot. Is formed. By continuing the exhaust heat recovery operation, the amount of hot water that accumulates in the upper portion gradually increases. When hot water at a predetermined temperature (for example, 80 ° C.) or higher is filled in the entire hot water storage tank 11, the hot water storage tank 11 is fully stored.
＜給湯動作＞
給湯の設定温度以上の温度の湯が貯湯タンク１１に十分ある場合は、貯湯タンク１１からの湯と給水とを混合器１３で混合して給湯設定温度＋α℃（α℃は風呂給湯器１４から出る前の温度低下分を考慮した温度で、たとえば、２℃）の湯を作り、燃焼オフ（加熱なし）の風呂給湯器１４を経由させて給湯配管５へ湯を送り出す。
<Hot-water supply operation>
When there is enough hot water in the hot water storage tank 11 at a temperature equal to or higher than the set temperature of the hot water supply, the hot water and the hot water from the hot water storage tank 11 are mixed in the mixer 13 and the hot water supply set temperature + α ° C. (α ° C. is from the bath water heater 14). Hot water of 2 ° C., for example, is made at a temperature that takes into account the temperature drop before leaving, and the hot water is sent out to the hot water supply pipe 5 via the bath water heater 14 that is turned off (no heating).
上記のような動作で給湯できない場合、すなわち、貯湯タンク１１に給湯の設定温度以上の温度の湯が十分ない場合は、貯湯タンク１１からの湯を風呂給湯器１４で設定温度まで昇温して給湯配管５へ送り出す。 When hot water cannot be supplied by the operation as described above, that is, when there is not enough hot water in the hot water storage tank 11 at a temperature higher than the set temperature of the hot water supply, the hot water from the hot water storage tank 11 is raised to the set temperature by the bath water heater 14. It sends out to the hot water supply pipe 5.
＜風呂の湯張り動作＞
給湯動作と同じ様にして得た風呂の設定温度の湯を、風呂往き管６と風呂戻り管７を通じて浴槽２へ供給する。
<Bath bathing operation>
Hot water having a set temperature of the bath obtained in the same manner as the hot water supply operation is supplied to the bathtub 2 through the bath going-out pipe 6 and the bath return pipe 7.
＜風呂の追い焚き動作＞
風呂給湯器１４は追い焚き用の熱交換器を加熱するバーナを燃焼させ、追い焚き循環用のポンプを稼動させる。これにより、浴槽２内の湯水を、風呂戻り管７を通じて風呂給湯器１４内の引き込み、風呂給湯器１４内の追い焚き用の熱交換器を経由させて昇温した後、風呂往き管６を通じて浴槽２に戻して、浴槽２内の湯水を昇温する。
<Bath bathing action>
The bath water heater 14 burns a burner that heats a heat exchanger for reheating, and operates a pump for reheating circulation. As a result, the hot water in the bathtub 2 is drawn into the bath water heater 14 through the bath return pipe 7, heated through the heat exchanger for reheating in the bath water heater 14, and then passed through the bath outlet pipe 6. Returning to the bathtub 2, the hot water in the bathtub 2 is heated.
＜強制排出処理＞
燃料電池４で発電を行うために、貯湯タンク１１の満蓄状態を強制的に解消させたい場合、および、利用者から即湯機能の実行要求を受けた場合に行われる動作である。
<Forced discharge processing>
This is an operation performed when it is desired to forcibly cancel the full storage state of the hot water storage tank 11 in order to generate power with the fuel cell 4, and when an execution request for the immediate hot water function is received from the user.
制御基板２９は、排熱回収部１２で燃料電池４の排熱を回収する際に貯湯タンク１１が満蓄であれば、電磁弁２６を開いて給湯配管５内の湯水を、排水管２２を通じて、浴槽２内または浴室内の排水口へ排水する。これにより、貯湯タンク１１内の湯が混合器１３および風呂給湯器１４を通じて給湯配管５へ流出し、貯湯タンク１１に新たに冷たい給水が補給されて、貯湯タンク１１の満蓄が解消される。 When the hot water storage tank 11 is fully stored when the exhaust heat recovery unit 12 recovers the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 4, the control board 29 opens the electromagnetic valve 26 to supply hot water in the hot water supply pipe 5 through the drain pipe 22. Drain to the drain in the bathtub 2 or in the bathroom. As a result, hot water in the hot water storage tank 11 flows out to the hot water supply pipe 5 through the mixer 13 and the bath water heater 14, and cold hot water is newly supplied to the hot water storage tank 11, so that the full storage of the hot water storage tank 11 is eliminated.
ここでは、風呂給湯器１４から給湯設定温度または風呂設定温度の湯を給湯配管５へ送り出す。また、この湯が即湯ユニット２０まで到達したことを確認できたとき、もしくは貯湯タンク１１の満蓄が解消されたとき、電磁弁２６を閉じて強制排出処理を終了させる。 Here, hot water set temperature or hot water at the bath set temperature is sent out from the bath water heater 14 to the hot water supply pipe 5. When it is confirmed that the hot water has reached the immediate hot water unit 20, or when the full storage of the hot water storage tank 11 is eliminated, the electromagnetic valve 26 is closed and the forced discharge process is ended.
図３は、貯湯システム１０が行う強制排出処理の基本的な動作の流れを示している。この処理は、貯湯システム１０の運転中、常時行われる。 FIG. 3 shows a basic operation flow of forced discharge processing performed by the hot water storage system 10. This process is always performed during operation of the hot water storage system 10.
まず、貯湯システム１０は、貯湯タンク１１が満蓄状態か否かを判定する。ここでは、貯湯タンク１１に設けたすべての温度センサ１１ａ、あるいは最も底部側の温度センサ１１ａの検出する温度が所定の最高温度（たとえば、８０℃）に達している場合は、貯湯タンク１１が満蓄であると判定する。 First, the hot water storage system 10 determines whether or not the hot water storage tank 11 is fully stored. Here, when the temperature detected by all the temperature sensors 11a provided in the hot water storage tank 11 or the temperature sensor 11a on the bottom side has reached a predetermined maximum temperature (for example, 80 ° C.), the hot water storage tank 11 is full. It is determined that the money is stored.
貯湯タンク１１が満蓄ならば（ステップＳ１０１；Ｙｅｓ）、強制排出処理を実行するために、ステップＳ１０３へ移行する。貯湯タンク１１が満蓄でなければ（ステップＳ１０１；Ｎｏ）、台所や浴室などに設置したリモコン１８の即湯スイッチがＯＮにされているか否かを判定する（ステップＳ１０２）。即湯スイッチは利用者から即湯機能の実行要求を受けるための操作釦である。即湯スイッチがＯＦＦならば（ステップＳ１０２；Ｎｏ）、ステップＳ１０１に戻る。即湯スイッチがＯＮならば（ステップＳ１０２；Ｙｅｓ）、利用者から即湯機能の実行要求に応じて強制排出処理を実行するためにステップＳ１０３へ移行する。 If the hot water storage tank 11 is fully stored (step S101; Yes), the process proceeds to step S103 in order to execute the forced discharge process. If the hot water storage tank 11 is not fully stored (step S101; No), it is determined whether or not the immediate hot water switch of the remote controller 18 installed in the kitchen or bathroom is turned on (step S102). The instant hot water switch is an operation button for receiving an execution request for the instant hot water function from the user. If the immediate hot water switch is OFF (step S102; No), the process returns to step S101. If the immediate hot water switch is ON (step S102; Yes), the process proceeds to step S103 in order to execute a forced discharge process in response to an execution request for the immediate hot water function from the user.
ステップＳ１０３では、即湯ユニット２０の水位センサ２８の検出する水位から、浴槽２内が空か否かを判定する。水位センサ２８が所定の水位を検出している場合、すなわち、浴槽２が空でない場合は（ステップＳ１０３；Ｙｅｓ）、風呂給湯器１４から給湯配管５に送り出す湯の温度（出湯温度）を、現在の風呂設定温度に設定する（ステップＳ１０４）。その後、即湯ユニット２０の三方弁２７を、湯水が浴槽２に排出される側に切り替え、電磁弁２６を開いて（ステップＳ１０５）、ステップＳ１０８へ移行する。これにより、給湯配管５内に溜まっていた湯水が浴槽２へ排水されると共に、貯湯タンク１１から湯が流出し、この湯が風呂設定温度に温度調整されて給湯配管５へ送り出される。 In step S103, it is determined from the water level detected by the water level sensor 28 of the immediate hot water unit 20 whether the bathtub 2 is empty. When the water level sensor 28 detects a predetermined water level, that is, when the bathtub 2 is not empty (step S103; Yes), the temperature of the hot water (outflow temperature) sent from the bath water heater 14 to the hot water supply pipe 5 is The bath set temperature is set (step S104). Thereafter, the three-way valve 27 of the immediate hot water unit 20 is switched to the side where hot water is discharged into the bathtub 2, the electromagnetic valve 26 is opened (step S105), and the process proceeds to step S108. Thereby, the hot water accumulated in the hot water supply pipe 5 is drained to the bathtub 2, and the hot water flows out from the hot water storage tank 11, and the temperature of the hot water is adjusted to the bath set temperature and sent to the hot water supply pipe 5.
水位センサ２８が所定の水位を検出していない場合、すなわち、浴槽２が空の場合は（ステップＳ１０３；Ｎｏ）、風呂給湯器１４から給湯配管５に送り出す湯の温度（出湯温度）を、現在の給湯設定温度に設定する（ステップＳ１０６）。その後、即湯ユニット２０の三方弁２７を、湯水が浴室内の排水口に排出される側に切り替えて、電磁弁２６を開いて（ステップＳ１０７）、ステップＳ１０８へ移行する。これにより、給湯配管５内に溜まっていた湯水が排水口へ排水されると共に、貯湯タンク１１から湯が流出し、この湯が給湯設定温度に温度調整されて給湯配管５へ送り出される。 When the water level sensor 28 does not detect the predetermined water level, that is, when the bathtub 2 is empty (step S103; No), the temperature of the hot water (the temperature of the hot water) sent from the bath water heater 14 to the hot water supply pipe 5 is The hot water supply set temperature is set (step S106). Thereafter, the three-way valve 27 of the immediate hot water unit 20 is switched to the side where hot water is discharged to the drain outlet in the bathroom, the electromagnetic valve 26 is opened (step S107), and the process proceeds to step S108. As a result, the hot water accumulated in the hot water supply pipe 5 is drained to the drain outlet, and the hot water flows out from the hot water storage tank 11. The temperature of the hot water is adjusted to the hot water supply set temperature and sent to the hot water supply pipe 5.
ステップＳ１０８では、風呂給湯器１４から給湯配管５へ送り出した湯が即湯ユニット２０まで到達したか否かを判定する。ここでは、即湯ユニット２０内の水温センサ２５の検出温度が、風呂給湯器１４から給湯配管５へ送り出した湯の温度の近傍まで上昇した場合に、風呂給湯器１４から給湯配管５へ送り出した湯が即湯ユニット２０まで到達したと判定する。 In step S108, it is determined whether or not the hot water sent from the bath water heater 14 to the hot water supply pipe 5 has reached the immediate hot water unit 20. Here, when the temperature detected by the water temperature sensor 25 in the immediate hot water unit 20 rises to the vicinity of the temperature of the hot water sent from the bath water heater 14 to the hot water supply pipe 5, it is sent from the bath water heater 14 to the hot water supply pipe 5. It is determined that the hot water has reached the immediate hot water unit 20.
なお、風呂給湯器１４から即湯ユニット２０までの配管容量を予め計測しておき、該配管容量に相当する量の湯が排水管２２から排出された時点で、風呂給湯器１４から給湯配管５へ送り出した湯が即湯ユニット２０まで到達したと判断してもよい。 Note that the pipe capacity from the bath water heater 14 to the immediate hot water unit 20 is measured in advance, and when the amount of hot water corresponding to the pipe capacity is discharged from the drain pipe 22, the hot water pipe 5 from the bath water heater 14 is discharged. It may be determined that the hot water fed to the hot water unit 20 has been reached.
風呂給湯器１４から給湯配管５へ送り出した湯が即湯ユニット２０に到達していない間は（ステップＳ１０８；Ｎｏ）、ステップＳ１０３に戻って動作を継続する。 While the hot water sent from the bath water heater 14 to the hot water supply pipe 5 does not reach the immediate hot water unit 20 (No at Step S108), the operation returns to Step S103 and continues.
風呂給湯器１４から給湯配管５へ送り出した湯が即湯ユニット２０に到達した場合は（ステップＳ１０８；Ｙｅｓ）、今回の強制排出処理が即湯スイッチのＯＮに基づいて起動したか否かを調べる（ステップＳ１０９）。即湯スイッチのＯＮにより起動していた場合は（ステップＳ１０９；Ｙｅｓ）、即湯ユニット２０の電磁弁２６を閉じて（ステップＳ１１１）、ステップＳ１０１に戻る。 When the hot water sent from the bath water heater 14 to the hot water supply pipe 5 reaches the immediate hot water unit 20 (step S108; Yes), it is checked whether or not the current forced discharge process is activated based on the ON of the immediate hot water switch. (Step S109). If the instant hot water switch is activated (step S109; Yes), the solenoid valve 26 of the immediate hot water unit 20 is closed (step S111), and the process returns to step S101.
今回の強制排出処理が即湯スイッチのＯＮに基づいて起動していない場合は（ステップＳ１０９；Ｎｏ）、貯湯タンク１１の満蓄が解消されたか否かを判定する（ステップＳ１１０）。ステップＳ１０１と同様に貯湯タンク１１の温度センサ１１ａの検出温度に基づいて、満蓄の解消を確認する。たとえば、貯湯タンク１１の底部から２番目の温度センサ１１ａの検出温度が十分に低下している（たとえば、給水温度＋５℃まで低下した）場合に、満蓄が解消されたと判定する。満蓄解消の判定基準は任意に設定すればよい。 If the current forced discharge process is not activated based on the immediate hot water switch being turned on (step S109; No), it is determined whether or not the full storage of the hot water storage tank 11 has been eliminated (step S110). As in step S101, the cancellation of full storage is confirmed based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 11a of the hot water storage tank 11. For example, when the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 11a from the bottom of the hot water storage tank 11 is sufficiently lowered (for example, lowered to the water supply temperature + 5 ° C.), it is determined that the full storage has been eliminated. What is necessary is just to set the criteria of cancellation of full storage arbitrarily.
貯湯タンク１１の満蓄が解消されていなければ（ステップＳ１１０；Ｎｏ）、ステップＳ１０３に戻って動作を継続する。貯湯タンク１１の満蓄が解消された場合は（ステップＳ１１０；Ｙｅｓ）、即湯ユニット２０の電磁弁２６を閉じて（ステップＳ１１１）、ステップＳ１０１に戻る。 If the full storage of the hot water storage tank 11 has not been eliminated (step S110; No), the process returns to step S103 to continue the operation. When the full storage in the hot water storage tank 11 is eliminated (step S110; Yes), the solenoid valve 26 of the immediate hot water unit 20 is closed (step S111), and the process returns to step S101.
上記のように、強制排出処理を行うことで、貯湯タンク１１の満蓄を解消できると共に、満蓄解消のために貯湯タンク１１から排出された湯水で給湯配管５内を新たな湯に入れ替えることができるので、該強制排出処理の実行後にユーザが給湯栓８を開栓すれば、暖かい湯が直ぐに給湯栓８から出湯されて即湯機能が実現される。 As described above, by performing the forced discharge process, the hot water storage tank 11 can be fully stored, and the hot water discharged from the hot water storage tank 11 can be replaced with new hot water with hot water discharged from the hot water storage tank 11 to eliminate the full storage. Therefore, if the user opens the hot-water tap 8 after executing the forced discharge process, warm hot water is immediately discharged from the hot-water tap 8 and an instant hot water function is realized.
また、浴槽２が空でない場合には、湯水を浴槽２に排出するので、強制排出処理を行っても湯水が無駄に捨てられることがなく、有効利用される。また、浴槽２に排出する場合は、風呂給湯器１４から給湯配管５へ送り出す湯の温度を風呂設定温度にするので、風呂設定温度以上の熱い湯が浴槽２に出ることはなく、人が入浴中であっても、安全に排水（注湯）することができる。 Moreover, since the hot water is discharged to the bathtub 2 when the bathtub 2 is not empty, the hot water is not thrown away wastefully even if the forced discharge process is performed, and is effectively used. In addition, when discharging to the bathtub 2, since the temperature of the hot water sent from the bath water heater 14 to the hot water supply pipe 5 is set to the bath setting temperature, hot water above the bath setting temperature does not go out to the bathtub 2, and a person takes a bath. Even inside, it can be drained (pouring) safely.
一方、浴槽２が空の場合には、強制排出処理による湯水を排水口へ排出し、浴槽２に排水しないので、予期せぬ浴槽２への排水でユーザを驚かせたり迷惑をかけたり、あるいは該排水をユーザが故障と誤解したりする、といった事態が回避される。 On the other hand, when the bathtub 2 is empty, hot water from the forced discharge process is discharged to the drain and is not discharged to the bathtub 2, so that the user may be surprised or inconvenienced by the unexpected drainage of the bathtub 2, or the A situation in which the user misunderstands the drainage as a failure is avoided.
なお、強制排出処理による湯水の排水先を、浴槽２とするか、排水口とするかをユーザがリモコン等で選択して設定できるように構成されてもよい。 In addition, it may be configured such that the user can select and set, with a remote controller or the like, whether the hot water drain destination by the forced discharge process is the bathtub 2 or the drain outlet.
次に、強制排出処理をより適切に行うための付加処理等について説明する。 Next, additional processing for performing the forced discharge processing more appropriately will be described.
（１）他の給湯栓の開栓に対応する処理
強制排出処理の実行中に、他の給湯栓（たとえば、台所の給湯栓）が開かれた場合、該他の給湯栓への給湯を優先して強制排出処理を中止することが望ましい。しかしながら、強制排出処理において即湯ユニット２０の排水管２２から流出する湯の流量が風呂給湯器１４の最大能力での出湯量に達している場合、強制排出処理の途中で他の給湯栓が開いても、元々最大能力で出湯していた風呂給湯器１４はその変化を検知できない。
(1) Processing corresponding to opening of other hot-water taps When other hot-water taps (for example, kitchen hot-water taps) are opened during the forced discharge process, priority is given to hot water supply to the other hot-water taps. It is desirable to cancel the forced discharge process. However, when the flow rate of hot water flowing out from the drain pipe 22 of the immediate hot water unit 20 reaches the amount of hot water at the maximum capacity of the bath water heater 14 in the forced discharge process, other hot water taps are opened during the forced discharge process. Even so, the bath water heater 14 that originally delivered hot water at its maximum capacity cannot detect the change.
そこで、強制排出処理において即湯ユニット２０の排水管２２から排出する湯水の流量を例えばオリフィス等で予め制限しておき、他の給湯栓が開かれた場合に風呂給湯器１４から給湯配管５に送り出される湯の流量が増加するようにし、該増加を検知した場合に、強制排出処理を中止（一時中止を含む）するように制御する。 Therefore, the flow rate of hot water discharged from the drain pipe 22 of the immediate hot water unit 20 in the forced discharge process is limited in advance by, for example, an orifice or the like, and when other hot water taps are opened, the bath water heater 14 moves to the hot water supply pipe 5. The flow rate of the hot water to be sent out is increased, and when the increase is detected, the forced discharge process is controlled to be stopped (including temporary stop).
具体的には、以下の（ａ）、（ｂ）を行う。
（ａ）即湯ユニット２０にオリフィス２３を設けて、排水管２２から排出される流量を制限する。
（ｂ）即湯ユニット２０に流量センサ２４を設け、風呂給湯器１４の流量センサが検出する流量（元流量とする）と、即湯ユニット２０の流量センサ２４が検出する流量（排出流量とする）とを比較し、元流量が排出流量より一定以上多い場合に、他の給湯栓が開かれたと判定する。
Specifically, the following (a) and (b) are performed.
(A) An orifice 23 is provided in the immediate hot water unit 20 to restrict the flow rate discharged from the drain pipe 22.
(B) A flow rate sensor 24 is provided in the immediate hot water unit 20, and the flow rate detected by the flow rate sensor of the bath water heater 14 (referred to as the original flow rate) and the flow rate detected by the flow rate sensor 24 of the immediate hot water unit 20 (referred to as the discharge flow rate) ), And if the original flow rate is more than a certain amount higher than the discharge flow rate, it is determined that another hot water tap has been opened.
なお、上記の（ａ）を行った上で、風呂給湯器１４の流量センサが検出する元流量が強制排出処理の途中で一定以上増加した場合に他の給湯栓が開かれたと判定してもよい。この場合、即湯ユニット２０に流量センサ２４を設けなくて済む。ただし、強制排出処理の開始と同時に他の給湯栓が開かれた場合は、他の給湯栓が開いたことを検知できなくなるので、以下のような制御を行うとよい。 Even if it is determined that another hot-water tap has been opened when the original flow rate detected by the flow rate sensor of the bath water heater 14 increases more than a certain value during the forced discharge process after performing the above (a). Good. In this case, it is not necessary to provide the flow rate sensor 24 in the immediate hot water unit 20. However, if another hot-water tap is opened simultaneously with the start of the forced discharge process, it cannot be detected that the other hot-water tap has been opened. Therefore, the following control may be performed.
強制排出処理の開始後、すぐに強制排出処理による排出を一時停止させる。そして一時停止したときに流量が検出されれば、他の給湯栓が開いていると判定する。一時停止したときに流量が検出されなければ、強制排出処理による排出を再開する。そして、最初に強制排出処理を開始したときの元流量Ａと、一時停止から排出を再開した後の元流量Ｂが、元流量Ａ＜元流量Ｂ、の関係にあれば、一時停止から排出を再開した時に他の給湯栓が同時に開いたと判定して強制排出処理を中止する。元流量Ａ≧元流量Ｂならば、一時停止から排出を再開した時も他の給湯栓は開いていないと判定して強制排出処理を継続する。なお、強制排出処理による排出を断続的に行い。一時停止中の元流量が０でない場合、および、一時停止前の元流量＜一時停止後の元流量、の場合に他の給湯栓が開いていると判定してもよい。 Immediately after starting the forced discharge process, the discharge by the forced discharge process is temporarily stopped. If the flow rate is detected when the operation is temporarily stopped, it is determined that another hot water tap is open. If the flow rate is not detected when the operation is temporarily stopped, the discharge by the forced discharge process is resumed. If the original flow rate A when the forced discharge process is first started and the original flow rate B after restarting the discharge from the temporary stop are in the relationship of the original flow rate A <the original flow rate B, the discharge from the temporary stop is performed. When restarting, it is determined that other hot-water taps have been opened at the same time, and the forced discharge process is stopped. If the original flow rate A ≧ the original flow rate B, it is determined that the other hot-water taps are not open even when the discharge is resumed from the temporary stop, and the forced discharge process is continued. In addition, discharge by forced discharge processing is performed intermittently. When the original flow rate during the temporary stop is not 0, and when the original flow rate before the temporary stop <the original flow rate after the temporary stop, it may be determined that the other hot water tap is open.
（２）強制排出処理の禁止タイマ処理
給湯後、給湯配管５内は設定温度の湯で満たされた状態になるので、しばらくは、即湯機能を果たすことができる。そこで、給湯の終了後、所定時間（禁止インターバルとする）が経過するまでは強制排出処理の実行を禁止する。特に、リモコンの即湯スイッチのＯＮに基づく強制排出処理は禁止する。なお、満蓄が要因の強制排出処理については上記の禁止を行わなくてもよい。ただし、給湯には貯湯タンク１１内の湯が使用されるので、満蓄が要因の強制排出処理が給湯直後に生じることはほとんどないので、即湯スイッチのＯＮによる強制排出処理か満蓄が要因の強制排出処理かを区別せずに、一律に、給湯の終了後は、禁止インターバルが経過するまで強制排出処理を禁止するように構成してもかまわない。
(2) Prohibition timer processing for forced discharge processing After hot water supply, the hot water supply pipe 5 is filled with hot water at a set temperature, so that the hot water function can be achieved for a while. Therefore, after the hot water supply is finished, the forced discharge process is prohibited until a predetermined time (a forbidden interval) elapses. In particular, forced discharge processing based on turning on the immediate hot water switch of the remote control is prohibited. In addition, it is not necessary to perform said prohibition about the forced discharge process in which full accumulation is a factor. However, since hot water in the hot water storage tank 11 is used for hot water supply, the forced discharge process due to full storage hardly occurs immediately after the hot water supply. The forced discharge process may be uniformly prohibited after the hot water supply ends until the prohibition interval elapses.
禁止インターバルの長さは、給湯配管５の放熱特性や外気温度に基づいて設定することが望ましい。たとえば、即湯スイッチがＯＮされている間は、給湯配管５内の水温が設定温度より３℃低下したら、強制排出処理を再度行うように制御するものとする。この場合、３℃低下するまでの時間（禁止インターバル）は、給湯配管５の放熱特性と外気温度に依存する。そして、給湯配管５の放熱特性は設置状況（使用する配管の種類や設置環境など）に応じて様々である。 The length of the prohibition interval is preferably set based on the heat dissipation characteristics of the hot water supply pipe 5 and the outside air temperature. For example, while the immediate hot water switch is ON, control is performed so that the forced discharge process is performed again when the water temperature in the hot water supply pipe 5 falls by 3 ° C. from the set temperature. In this case, the time until the temperature decreases by 3 ° C. (prohibition interval) depends on the heat dissipation characteristics of the hot water supply pipe 5 and the outside air temperature. The heat dissipation characteristics of the hot water supply pipe 5 vary depending on the installation situation (type of pipe used, installation environment, etc.).
そこで、給湯配管５の実際の放熱特性を学習し、その放熱特性と外気温度に基づいて禁止インターバルを設定変更する。 Therefore, the actual heat radiation characteristic of the hot water supply pipe 5 is learned, and the prohibition interval is set and changed based on the heat radiation characteristic and the outside air temperature.
放熱特性は次のような実測を通して学習する。強制排出処理中に即湯ユニット２０の流量センサ２４が検出した温度と、該強制排出処理の直前に行われた給湯動作での設定温度（風呂給湯器１４が給湯配管５に送り出した湯の温度）と、この給湯動作の終了から強制排出処理が開始されるまでの時間と、外気温度とに基づいて、該外気温度における給湯配管５の放熱特性を実測し、該実測を重ねることで給湯配管５の放熱特性を学習する。 The heat dissipation characteristics are learned through the following actual measurements. The temperature detected by the flow sensor 24 of the immediate hot water unit 20 during the forced discharge process and the set temperature in the hot water supply operation performed immediately before the forced discharge process (the temperature of the hot water sent out to the hot water supply pipe 5 by the bath water heater 14) ) And the time from the end of this hot water supply operation until the forced discharge process is started, and the outside air temperature, the heat dissipation characteristics of the hot water supply pipe 5 at the outside air temperature are measured, and the hot water supply pipe is obtained by repeating the measurements. Learn 5 heat dissipation characteristics.
図４は、外気温度と禁止インターバルとの関係を、給湯配管５の放熱特性別に示すグラフの一例である。貯湯システム１０は、前述の学習により、給湯配管５の放熱特性（断熱性能）を特定し、図４の示す各グラフの中で、その特定した放熱特性に対応するグラフを選択し、該選択したグラフを現在の外気温度で参照することで禁止インターバルの長さを求め、該長さに禁止インターバル（禁止タイマ）を設定する。 FIG. 4 is an example of a graph showing the relationship between the outside air temperature and the prohibition interval for each heat dissipation characteristic of the hot water supply pipe 5. The hot water storage system 10 specifies the heat dissipation characteristic (heat insulation performance) of the hot water supply pipe 5 by the above-described learning, selects a graph corresponding to the specified heat dissipation characteristic in each graph shown in FIG. The length of the prohibition interval is obtained by referring to the graph at the current outside air temperature, and the prohibition interval (prohibition timer) is set to the length.
（３）入浴中に浴槽に排出する湯の温度を制限する処理
人が入浴中に浴槽２を排水先とする強制排出処理を行う場合は、風呂給湯器１４が給湯配管５に送り出す湯の温度を、所定温度より低い温度に制限する。たとえば、給湯や風呂の設定温度が所定温度（たとえば、４８℃）より高ければ、強制排出処理で風呂給湯器１４が給湯配管５に送り出す湯の温度を、所定温度より低い温度に変更する。
(3) Treatment for limiting the temperature of hot water discharged into the bathtub during bathing When a person performs forced drainage treatment with the bathtub 2 as the drainage destination during bathing, the temperature of the hot water that the bath water heater 14 sends out to the hot water supply pipe 5 Is limited to a temperature lower than a predetermined temperature. For example, if the set temperature of the hot water supply or bath is higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 48 ° C.), the temperature of hot water that the bath water heater 14 sends out to the hot water supply pipe 5 in the forced discharge process is changed to a temperature lower than the predetermined temperature.
人が浴槽２に入ると浴槽２の水位が急激に変化するので、貯湯システム１０は、該水位の急激な変化（上昇）に基づいて人が入浴中か否かを判定する。そして、人が入浴中は強制排出処理によって高温の湯が浴槽２へ注湯されないように、温度を制限する。なお、図３の流れ図で示したように、浴槽２へ排水する場合は、風呂給湯器１４の出湯温度を風呂設定温度にするので、通常は問題ない。しかし、風呂設定温度が高温に設定されている場合も想定されるので、（３）の制御を行うことで、安全がより確実に担保される。 When a person enters the bathtub 2, the water level of the bathtub 2 changes abruptly. Therefore, the hot water storage system 10 determines whether the person is taking a bath based on the rapid change (rise) of the water level. And while a person is bathing, the temperature is limited so that hot water is not poured into the bathtub 2 by the forced discharge process. In addition, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3, when draining to the bathtub 2, since the hot water temperature of the bath water heater 14 is set to the bath set temperature, there is usually no problem. However, since the case where the bath set temperature is set to a high temperature is also assumed, safety is more reliably ensured by performing the control (3).
（４）浴室以外での即湯に対応した効率化
強制排出処理により風呂給湯器１４から即湯ユニット２０までの間の給湯配管５内を新たな湯に入れ替えると、ヘッダ１６までの給湯配管５はすべての給湯栓に共通なので、洗面台や台所においても即湯の効果がある。
(4) Efficiency corresponding to instant hot water outside the bathroom When the hot water supply pipe 5 between the bath water heater 14 and the instant hot water unit 20 is replaced with new hot water by forced discharge processing, the hot water supply pipe 5 up to the header 16 is replaced. Is common to all hot-water taps, so it has the effect of instant hot water in the washstand and kitchen.
一方、ヘッダ１６が洗面台などに設けてある場合、ヘッダ１６から洗面台の給湯栓までの配管長に比べて、ヘッダ１６から浴室内のシャワー用の給湯栓８までの配管長、すなわち、ヘッダ１６から即湯ユニット２０までの配管長は、かなり長くなる。 On the other hand, when the header 16 is provided in a washstand or the like, the pipe length from the header 16 to the hot water tap 8 for a shower in the bathroom, that is, the header, compared to the pipe length from the header 16 to the hot water tap of the washstand. The piping length from 16 to the hot water unit 20 is considerably long.
強制排出処理によって風呂給湯器１４から即湯ユニット２０までの給湯配管５内を新たな湯に入れ替えたとしても、洗面台の給湯栓から出湯する場合には、風呂給湯器１４からヘッダ１６までの間の湯のみが洗面台での即湯に寄与し、ヘッダ１６から即湯ユニット２０までの間の湯は関係しない。 Even if the hot water supply pipe 5 from the bath water heater 14 to the immediate hot water unit 20 is replaced with new hot water by forced discharge processing, when the hot water is discharged from the hot water tap of the wash basin, the bath water heater 14 to the header 16 Only the hot water between them contributes to the immediate hot water at the washbasin, and the hot water between the header 16 and the immediate hot water unit 20 is not relevant.
そこで、貯湯システム１０は、浴室以外に設置したリモコン（たとえば、台所リモコン）での即湯スイッチのＯＮにより強制排出処理の実行要求を受けた場合は、強制排出処理で排水管２２から排出する湯水の量を通常（浴槽のリモコンで強制排出処理の実行要求を受けた場合など）より少なくする。すなわち、強制排出処理で排出する水量を、風呂給湯器１４から即湯ユニット２０までの給湯配管５の配管容量より少なくする。好ましくは、風呂給湯器１４からヘッダ１６までの間の給湯配管５の容量に制限する。 Therefore, when the hot water storage system 10 receives a request for execution of forced discharge processing by turning on an immediate hot water switch with a remote control (for example, a kitchen remote control) installed outside the bathroom, the hot water discharged from the drain pipe 22 by the forced discharge processing. Less than usual (for example, when a request to execute forced discharge is received from the bathtub remote control). That is, the amount of water discharged in the forced discharge process is made smaller than the pipe capacity of the hot water supply pipe 5 from the bath water heater 14 to the immediate hot water unit 20. Preferably, the capacity of the hot water supply pipe 5 between the bath water heater 14 and the header 16 is limited.
ここでは、風呂給湯器１４から即湯ユニット２０までの給湯配管５の容量を計測し、該容量のＮ％（Ｎは１００未満で、たとえば、８０％）などに水量を制限する。 Here, the capacity of the hot water supply pipe 5 from the bath water heater 14 to the immediate hot water unit 20 is measured, and the amount of water is limited to N% (N is less than 100, for example, 80%) of the capacity.
風呂給湯器１４から即湯ユニット２０までの給湯配管５の容量は、たとえば、次のようにして計測する。強制排出処理において風呂給湯器１４から給湯配管５に湯を送り出し始めてから、この湯の到達を即湯ユニット２０の水温センサ２５で検出するまでの間に風呂給湯器１４から給湯配管５に送り出した湯の量を、風呂給湯器１４側の流量センサもしくは即湯ユニット２０の流量センサ２４にて計測する。なお、この計測は、給湯栓が開いていない状態で行う。 The capacity of the hot water supply pipe 5 from the bath water heater 14 to the immediate hot water unit 20 is measured, for example, as follows. In the forced discharge process, the hot water was supplied from the bath water heater 14 to the hot water supply pipe 5 after the hot water started to be sent from the bath water heater 14 to the hot water supply pipe 5 until the water temperature sensor 25 of the immediate hot water unit 20 detects the arrival of the hot water. The amount of hot water is measured by the flow sensor on the bath water heater 14 side or the flow sensor 24 of the immediate hot water unit 20. This measurement is performed in a state where the hot water tap is not opened.
次に、即湯ユニット２０の取り付けについて説明する。 Next, attachment of the immediate hot water unit 20 will be described.
即湯ユニット２０の設置場所は、強制排出処理で浴槽２に排水すること、および即湯機能は浴室のシャワーでの要請が高いことを考慮すれば、浴室内であることが望ましい。そこで、浴槽２に取り付けた循環金具に、即湯ユニット２０を、浴槽２の外側で取り付ける。たとえば、図５に示すように、浴槽２に循環金具４１を取りつけ、該循環金具４１が有する風呂往き管６または風呂戻り管７の接続部４２に、剛性のある分岐継手３１ｂを介して即湯ユニット２０を取り付ける。浴槽２と浴室の壁との間に即湯ユニット２０を収めて取り付けることができる。 Considering that the instant hot water unit 20 is installed in the bathtub 2 by forced discharge processing and that the quick hot water function is highly demanded in the shower in the bathroom, it is desirable. Therefore, the immediate hot water unit 20 is attached to the circulation fitting attached to the bathtub 2 on the outside of the bathtub 2. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a circulation fitting 41 is attached to the bathtub 2, and the hot water is immediately connected to the connecting portion 42 of the bath outlet pipe 6 or the bath return pipe 7 of the circulation fitting 41 via a rigid branch joint 31 b. Install the unit 20. The instant hot water unit 20 can be housed and attached between the bathtub 2 and the bathroom wall.
循環金具４１は所定の方向に回して浴槽２に締め付けて取り付ける。そこで、即湯ユニット２０は循環金具４１に対して一方側に片寄せて取り付ける。片寄せる方向は、即湯ユニット２０の重さで循環金具４１が回転した場合に、水漏れが起こらないように、循環金具４１が締まる方向（たとえば、時計回り）になっている。また、万が一循環金具４１が回転して曲がっていることが気になったユーザがそれを修正する際には、浴槽２の内側から循環金具を、該循環金具が締まる方向（やはり、時計回り）に回すので、水漏れが起こらない方向への修正になり、水漏れが生じることはない。 The circulation fitting 41 is attached to the bathtub 2 by turning in a predetermined direction. Therefore, the immediate hot water unit 20 is attached to the circulating metal fitting 41 while being shifted to one side. The direction in which the circulating metal fitting 41 is rotated is the direction in which the circulating metal fitting 41 is tightened (for example, clockwise) so that water leakage does not occur when the circulating metal fitting 41 rotates with the weight of the immediate hot water unit 20. In addition, when a user who is concerned that the circulating metal fitting 41 is rotated and bent is to correct it, the circulating metal fitting is tightened from the inside of the bathtub 2 in the direction in which the circulating metal fitting is tightened (also clockwise). Therefore, the correction is made in the direction that does not cause water leakage, and no water leakage occurs.
以上、本発明の実施の形態を図面によって説明してきたが、具体的な構成は実施の形態に示したものに限られるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲における変更や追加があっても本発明に含まれる。 The embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to that shown in the embodiment, and there are changes and additions within the scope of the present invention. Are also included in the present invention.
実施の形態では、貯湯タンク１１内の湯水を昇温する熱源が燃料電池４の場合を例示したが、熱源はこれに限定されるものではない。 In the embodiment, the case where the heat source for raising the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 11 is the fuel cell 4, but the heat source is not limited to this.
実施の形態では、強制排水処理の排水先を浴槽２と排水口に切り替え可能に構成したが、これに限定されず、たとえば、浴槽２のみ、あるいは排出口のみに固定されてもかまわない。 In the embodiment, the drainage destination of the forced drainage treatment is configured to be switchable between the bathtub 2 and the drainage outlet. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the drainage destination may be fixed only to the bathtub 2 or only to the discharge outlet.
実施の形態では、給湯後は禁止インターバルが経過するまで強制排出処理を禁止したが、給湯量が僅かの給湯後には禁止インターバルを設定しないようにしてもよい。たとえば、給湯時の出湯量を計測し、該出湯量が強制排出処理で必要な排水量以上（あるいは、必要排水量のＮ割（たとえば、８割）以上）の場合にだけ、給湯終了後、禁止インターバルが経過するまで強制排水処理を禁止するようにしてもよい。さらには、断続的な給湯が繰り返し行われる場合を考慮し、給湯が終了したとき、該給湯の出湯量が強制排出処理で必要な排水量未満であれば、該給湯の出湯量と該給湯の前（禁止インターバル以下の所定の時間内）に行われた過去の給湯による出湯量との総和を求め、該総和が強制排出処理で必要な排水量以上であれば、給湯終了から禁止インターバルが経過するまでの間、強制排水処理を禁止するようにしてもよい。 In the embodiment, the forced discharge process is prohibited until the prohibition interval elapses after the hot water supply, but the prohibition interval may not be set after the hot water supply is small. For example, measure the amount of hot water at the time of hot water supply, and if the amount of hot water is more than the amount of drainage required for forced drainage (or more than N% (for example, 80%) of the required amount of drainage), You may make it prohibit a forced drainage process until time passes. Furthermore, considering the case where intermittent hot water supply is repeatedly performed, if the amount of hot water discharged is less than the amount of drainage required for forced discharge processing when hot water is completed, the amount of hot water discharged and the amount of hot water before The sum total of the amount of hot water discharged in the past (within a predetermined time period below the prohibition interval) and the amount of drainage required by the forced discharge process is calculated until the prohibition interval elapses after the end of hot water supply. During this period, forced drainage treatment may be prohibited.
実施の形態では、シャワー用の給湯栓８の近くで給湯配管５から排水管２２が分岐するように構成したが、他の給湯栓で優先的に即湯機能を提供したい場合には、該他の給湯栓の近傍で排水管２２を分岐させてもよい。 In the embodiment, the drain pipe 22 is branched from the hot water supply pipe 5 near the hot water tap 8 for shower. However, when other hot water taps are to be preferentially provided with an immediate hot water function, the other The drain pipe 22 may be branched near the hot water tap.
実施の形態では、ヘッダ１６から各給湯栓に分岐する構成の給湯配管を例示したが、各給湯栓への配管方法はこれに限定されるものではない。 In the embodiment, the hot water supply pipe having a structure branching from the header 16 to each hot water tap is illustrated, but the piping method to each hot water tap is not limited to this.
２…浴槽
４…燃料電池
５…給湯配管
５ａ…即湯ユニット２０に通じる給湯配管
６…風呂往き管
７…風呂戻り管
８…給湯栓
１０…貯湯システム
１１…貯湯タンク
１１ａ…温度センサ
１２…排熱回収部
１２ａ…熱交換器
１２ｂ…ポンプ
１３…混合器
１４…風呂給湯器
１６…ヘッダ
１７…制御基板
１８…リモコン
２０…即湯ユニット
２２…排水管
２２ａ…浴槽へ向かう排水管
２２ｂ…排水口へ向かう排水管
２３…オリフィス
２４…流量センサ
２５…水温センサ
２６…電磁弁
２７…三方弁
２８…水位センサ
２９…制御基板
３１ａ、３１ｂ…分岐継手
４１…循環金具
４２…接続部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Bathtub 4 ... Fuel cell 5 ... Hot water supply pipe 5a ... Hot water supply pipe which leads to the instant hot water unit 20 6 ... Bath going pipe 7 ... Bath return pipe 8 ... Hot water tap 10 ... Hot water storage system 11 ... Hot water storage tank 11a ... Temperature sensor 12 ... Exhaust Heat recovery part 12a ... Heat exchanger 12b ... Pump 13 ... Mixer 14 ... Bath water heater 16 ... Header 17 ... Control board 18 ... Remote control 20 ... Immediate hot water unit 22 ... Drain pipe 22a ... Drain pipe 22b ... Drain outlet Drain pipe 23 ... Orifice 24 ... Flow rate sensor 25 ... Water temperature sensor 26 ... Solenoid valve 27 ... Three-way valve 28 ... Water level sensor 29 ... Control board 31a, 31b ... Branch joint 41 ... Circulation fitting 42 ... Connection
Claims (14)
所定の装置の排熱を回収して前記貯湯タンク内の水を昇温する排熱回収部と、
前記貯湯タンクから供給される湯水を設定された温度に温度調整して出湯する温度調整部と、
前記温度調整部から給湯栓まで延設される給湯配管の途中で分岐して所定の排水先へ通じる排水管と、
前記給湯配管内の湯水を、前記排水管を通じて排水するか否かを切り替える開閉弁と、
前記開閉弁の開閉を制御する制御部と、
を有し、
前記制御部は、前記排熱回収部で前記排熱を回収する際に前記貯湯タンクの蓄熱が満状態の場合は、前記開閉弁を開いて前記給湯配管内の湯水を前記排水管から排水することで、前記貯湯タンク内の湯を前記給湯配管内へ流出させる強制排出処理を行う
ことを特徴とする貯湯システム。 A hot water storage tank for storing the replenished water,
An exhaust heat recovery unit that recovers exhaust heat of a predetermined device and raises the temperature of the water in the hot water storage tank;
A temperature adjusting unit for adjusting the temperature of the hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank to a set temperature and discharging the hot water;
A drain pipe that branches in the middle of a hot water supply pipe extending from the temperature adjustment section to the hot water tap and leads to a predetermined drainage destination;
An on-off valve for switching whether or not to drain the hot water in the hot water supply pipe through the drain pipe;
A controller for controlling opening and closing of the on-off valve;
Have
When the heat storage in the hot water storage tank is full when the exhaust heat recovery unit recovers the exhaust heat, the control unit opens the open / close valve to drain hot water in the hot water supply pipe from the drain pipe. Thus, a forced discharge process is performed to cause the hot water in the hot water storage tank to flow out into the hot water supply pipe.
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の貯湯システム。 The hot water storage system according to claim 1, wherein the drain pipe is branched from the hot water supply pipe in the vicinity of the hot water tap.
前記排水管の流量を制限する流量制限部と、
を有し、
前記制御部は、前記強制排出処理による排水中に、前記第１流量センサの検出する流量が一定以上増加した場合は、前記開閉弁を閉じて前記強制排出処理を中止する
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の貯湯システム。 A first flow sensor for detecting the amount of water sent from the temperature adjustment unit to the hot water supply pipe;
A flow restriction unit for restricting the flow rate of the drain pipe;
Have
The control unit closes the on-off valve and stops the forced discharge process when the flow rate detected by the first flow rate sensor increases more than a certain level during drainage by the forced discharge process. Item 3. A hot water storage system according to item 1 or 2.
前記排水管の流量を制限する流量制限部と、
前記排水管内の湯水の流量を検出する第２流量センサと
を有し、
前記制御部は、前記強制排出処理による排水中に、前記第１流量センサの検出する流量が前記第２流量センサの検出する流量より一定以上に増加した場合に、前記開閉弁を閉じて前記強制排出処理を中止する
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の貯湯システム。 A first flow sensor for detecting the amount of water sent from the temperature adjustment unit to the hot water supply pipe;
A flow restriction unit for restricting the flow rate of the drain pipe;
A second flow sensor for detecting a flow rate of hot water in the drain pipe,
When the flow rate detected by the first flow rate sensor is more than a certain level higher than the flow rate detected by the second flow rate sensor during drainage by the forced discharge process, the control unit closes the on-off valve to The hot water storage system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the discharge process is stopped.
ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のいずれか１つに記載の貯湯システム。 5. The controller according to claim 1, wherein the controller prohibits execution of the forced discharge process during a period from when hot water is supplied through the hot water supply pipe to when a predetermined time elapses. The hot water storage system described in 1.
前記制御部は、
前記強制排出処理中に前記温度センサの検出した温度と、前記強制排出処理の直前の給湯動作において前記温度調整部が前記給湯配管に送り出した湯水の温度と、前記直前の給湯動作の終了から前記強制排出処理が実行されるまでの時間と、外気温度とに基づいて、前記給湯配管の放熱特性を学習し、
前記学習した前記給湯配管の放熱特性と現在の外気温度とに基づいて、前記所定時間を決定する
ことを特徴とする請求項５に記載の貯湯システム。 A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of hot water in the drain pipe;
The controller is
The temperature detected by the temperature sensor during the forced discharge process, the temperature of the hot water sent out to the hot water supply pipe by the temperature adjustment unit in the hot water supply operation immediately before the forced discharge process, and the end of the previous hot water supply operation Based on the time until the forced discharge process is executed and the outside air temperature, the heat dissipation characteristics of the hot water supply pipe are learned,
The hot water storage system according to claim 5, wherein the predetermined time is determined based on the learned heat dissipation characteristic of the hot water supply pipe and a current outside air temperature.
前記制御部は、前記強制排出処理において前記温度調整部から前記給湯配管に湯を送り出し始めてから、該湯の到達を前記温度センサが検出するまでの間に前記温度調整部から前記給湯配管に送り出した湯量を計測して前記温度調整部から前記温度センサまでの配管容量を学習し、該学習した配管容量に基づいて前記強制排出処理での排水量を決定する
ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至６のいずれか１つに記載の貯湯システム。 A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of hot water in the drain pipe;
The control unit sends out hot water from the temperature adjustment unit to the hot water supply piping after the temperature sensor detects the arrival of the hot water after starting to send hot water from the temperature adjustment unit to the hot water supply piping in the forced discharge process. The amount of hot water is measured to learn the pipe capacity from the temperature adjustment unit to the temperature sensor, and the amount of drainage in the forced discharge process is determined based on the learned pipe capacity. A hot water storage system according to any one of the above.
ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至７のいずれか１つに記載の貯湯システム。 The hot water storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the predetermined drainage destination is a bathtub.
前記制御部は、前記強制排出処理を行う場合に、前記浴槽が空ならば前記所定の排水先を前記他の排水先に設定する
ことを特徴とする請求項８に記載の貯湯システム。 A drainage destination switching unit that switches the predetermined drainage destination to the bathtub and another drainage destination,
The hot water storage system according to claim 8, wherein when the forced discharge process is performed, the control unit sets the predetermined drainage destination as the other drainage destination if the bathtub is empty.
ことを特徴とする請求項８または９に記載の貯湯システム。 When the control unit performs the forced discharge process with the bathtub as a drainage destination, the temperature of the hot water sent out to the hot water supply pipe by the temperature adjustment unit is set to a set temperature of the bath, and the other drainage destination is set as a drainage destination. The hot water storage system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein when performing the forced discharge processing to be performed, the temperature of the hot water sent out to the hot water supply pipe by the temperature adjusting unit is set to a set temperature of the hot water supply.
ことを特徴とする請求項８または９に記載の貯湯システム。 The control unit restricts the temperature of the hot water sent out to the hot water supply pipe by the temperature adjusting unit to a temperature lower than a predetermined temperature when the person performs the forced draining process using the bathtub as a drainage destination during bathing. The hot water storage system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that
少なくとも、前記排水管の一部と、その途中に設けられた逆止弁と前記開閉部を、一のユニットに収め、
前記浴槽に取り付けた循環金具に、前記ユニットを、前記浴槽の外側で取り付ける
ことを特徴とする請求項８乃至１１のいずれか１つに記載の貯湯システム。 The drain pipe is joined to a pipe for bathing in order to drain into the bathtub,
At least a part of the drainage pipe, a check valve provided in the middle of the drainage pipe, and the opening / closing part are housed in one unit,
The hot water storage system according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the unit is attached to a circulation fitting attached to the bathtub outside the bathtub.
前記第１給湯配管から前記排水管は分岐し、
前記第２給湯配管に取り付けられた給湯栓のある部屋に、前記強制排出処理の実行要求をユーザから受けるための操作釦を設け、
前記制御部は、前記操作釦の操作に基づいて前記強制排出処理を行う
ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至１２のいずれか１つに記載の貯湯システム。 The hot water supply pipe branches into a first hot water supply pipe and a second hot water supply pipe on the way,
The drain pipe branches off from the first hot water supply pipe,
In a room with a hot-water tap attached to the second hot water supply pipe, an operation button for receiving a request for executing the forced discharge process from a user is provided,
The hot water storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the control unit performs the forced discharge process based on an operation of the operation button.
ことを特徴とする請求項１３に記載の貯湯システム。 When the control unit performs the forced discharge process based on the operation of the operation button, the amount of drainage in the forced discharge process is limited to a predetermined amount of water that is smaller than a pipe capacity from the temperature adjustment unit to the drain pipe. The hot water storage system according to claim 13.
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