JP6166064B2 - Plain bearing - Google Patents

Plain bearing Download PDF

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JP6166064B2
JP6166064B2 JP2013041287A JP2013041287A JP6166064B2 JP 6166064 B2 JP6166064 B2 JP 6166064B2 JP 2013041287 A JP2013041287 A JP 2013041287A JP 2013041287 A JP2013041287 A JP 2013041287A JP 6166064 B2 JP6166064 B2 JP 6166064B2
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narrow groove
bearing
half member
groove
narrow
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JP2014169735A (en
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克宏 芦原
克宏 芦原
悠一朗 梶木
悠一朗 梶木
裕紀 高田
裕紀 高田
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Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd
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  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Description

本発明は、すべり軸受の技術に関し、円筒を軸方向と平行に二分割した半割部材を上下に配置したすべり軸受の技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a slide bearing technique, and more particularly to a slide bearing technique in which a half member in which a cylinder is divided into two in parallel with an axial direction is vertically arranged.

従来、エンジンのクランクシャフトを軸支するための軸受であって、円筒形状を二分割した二つの部材を合わせる半割れ構造のすべり軸受が公知となっている。また、前記軸受の摺動面積を減らし、フリクション低減効果を得るために、前記軸受の幅を狭くする構造がある。しかし、軸受の幅を狭くすると、流出油量が増加していた。そこで、前記軸受の軸方向両端部に、全周に逃げ部分（細溝）を形成した軸受が公知となっている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a bearing for supporting an engine crankshaft and having a half crack structure in which two members divided into two cylindrical shapes are combined is known. Further, in order to reduce the sliding area of the bearing and obtain a friction reduction effect, there is a structure in which the width of the bearing is narrowed. However, when the bearing width was narrowed, the amount of spilled oil increased. Therefore, a bearing in which relief portions (narrow grooves) are formed on the entire circumference at both ends in the axial direction of the bearing is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

特表２００３−５３２０３６号公報Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2003-532036

しかし、従来の全周に細溝を形成した軸受では、摺動面積減少により、負荷容量が低下し、良好な潤滑に必要な油膜厚さを確保することができず、且つ、総和の流出油量が多かった。   However, in conventional bearings with narrow grooves on the entire circumference, the load capacity decreases due to the reduction in sliding area, the oil film thickness necessary for good lubrication cannot be secured, and the total spilled oil The amount was large.

そこで、本発明は係る課題に鑑み、フリクション低減効果を得ることができ、総和の流出油量を抑えることができる軸受を提供する。   Then, in view of the subject which concerns, this invention provides the bearing which can acquire the friction reduction effect and can suppress the total oil spill amount.

本発明の解決しようとする課題は以上の如くであり、次にこの課題を解決するための手段を説明する。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

即ち、請求項１においては、円筒を軸方向と平行に二分割した半割部材を上下に配置したすべり軸受であって、前記下側の半割部材の軸方向両端部にのみ、円周方向に細溝を設け、前記細溝は、軸の回転方向下流側合わせ面から上流側に向かって設けられ、前記細溝の回転方向上流端側角部は、直角に形成したもしくは曲率半径が細溝深さ以下である丸め加工形状に形成したものである。
That is, according to claim 1, a slide bearing in which a half member divided into two parallel to the axial direction of a cylinder is arranged vertically, and only in the axial direction both ends of the lower half member, the circumferential direction The narrow groove is provided from the downstream mating surface in the rotation direction of the shaft toward the upstream side, and the corner on the upstream end side in the rotation direction of the narrow groove is formed at a right angle or has a small radius of curvature. It is formed in a rounded shape that is less than the groove depth.

請求項２においては、前記細溝は、プレス成型によって成型されたものである。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, the narrow groove is formed by press molding.

本発明の効果として、以下に示すような効果を奏する。   As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

すなわち、油膜圧力の発生を妨げない程度の細溝を設けることで、摺動面積を減らしつつ、フリクション低減効果を得ることができ、かつ、総和の流出油量を抑えることができる。   That is, by providing a narrow groove that does not hinder the generation of oil film pressure, it is possible to obtain a friction reduction effect while reducing the sliding area, and to suppress the total amount of oil spilled.

本発明の実施形態に係るすべり軸受を示す正面図。The front view which shows the slide bearing which concerns on embodiment of this invention. （ａ）本発明の実施形態に係るすべり軸受を構成する半割部材を示す平面図。（ｂ）同じくＡ−Ａ線断面図。（ｃ）同じくＢ−Ｂ線断面図。(A) The top view which shows the half member which comprises the slide bearing which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (B) Similarly AA sectional view. (C) Similarly, a cross-sectional view along the line BB. （ａ）細溝を設けたすべり軸受の油膜圧力の勾配を示す三次元グラフ図。（ｂ）細溝を設けないすべり軸受の油膜圧力の勾配を示す三次元グラフ図（計算値）。(A) The three-dimensional graph which shows the gradient of the oil film pressure of the slide bearing which provided the narrow groove. (B) A three-dimensional graph (calculated value) showing the gradient of the oil film pressure of a slide bearing without a narrow groove. （ａ）本発明の実施形態に係るすべり軸受を構成する下側の半割部材を示すＡ−Ａ線断面図。（ｂ）同じく回転方向上流側角部を直角に形成した場合の（ａ）の丸囲み部分拡大図。（ｃ）同じく回転方向上流側角部を丸め加工して形成した場合の（ａ）の丸囲み部分拡大図。(A) AA sectional view showing the lower half member which constitutes the slide bearing concerning the embodiment of the present invention. (B) The encircled partial enlarged view of (a) when the rotation direction upstream corner is similarly formed at a right angle. (C) The encircled partial enlarged view of (a) when the same is formed by rounding the corner on the upstream side in the rotational direction. （ａ）本発明の実施形態に係る細溝の底面表面を示す断面拡大図。（ｂ）比較例の切削加工によって成型された細溝の底面表面を示す断面拡大図。(A) The cross-sectional enlarged view which shows the bottom face of the narrow groove concerning embodiment of this invention. (B) The cross-sectional enlarged view which shows the bottom face surface of the fine groove shape | molded by the cutting process of the comparative example.

次に、発明の実施の形態を説明する。なお、図１はすべり軸受１の正面図であり、画面の上下を上下方向、画面の手前方向及び奥方向を軸方向（前後方向）とする。   Next, embodiments of the invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a front view of the sliding bearing 1, where the top and bottom of the screen is the vertical direction, and the front and back directions of the screen are the axial directions (front and back directions).

まず、第一の実施形態に係るすべり軸受１を構成する半割部材２について図１及び図２を用いて説明する。
すべり軸受１は円筒状の部材であり、図１に示すように、エンジンのクランクシャフト１１のすべり軸受構造に適用される。すべり軸受１は、二つの半割部材２・２で構成されている。二つの半割部材２・２は、円筒を軸方向と平行に二分割した形状であり、断面が半円状となるように形成されている。本実施形態においては、半割部材２・２は上下に配置されており、左右に合わせ面が配置されている。クランクシャフト１１をすべり軸受１で軸支する場合、所定の隙間が形成され、この隙間に対し図示せぬ油路から潤滑油が供給される。 First, the half member 2 which comprises the slide bearing 1 which concerns on 1st embodiment is demonstrated using FIG.1 and FIG.2.
The slide bearing 1 is a cylindrical member and is applied to a slide bearing structure of an engine crankshaft 11 as shown in FIG. The plain bearing 1 is composed of two halved members 2 and 2. The two halved members 2 and 2 have a shape obtained by dividing a cylinder into two in parallel to the axial direction, and are formed so that the cross section is a semicircular shape. In the present embodiment, the half members 2 and 2 are arranged up and down, and mating surfaces are arranged on the left and right. When the crankshaft 11 is pivotally supported by the slide bearing 1, a predetermined gap is formed, and lubricating oil is supplied to the gap from an oil passage (not shown).

図２（ａ）においては、上側および下側の半割部材２を示している。なお、本実施形態においては、クランクシャフト１１の回転方向を図１の矢印に示すように正面視時計回り方向とする。また、軸受角度ωは、図２（ｂ）における右端の位置を０度とし、図２（ｂ）において、反時計回り方向を正とする。すなわち、図２（ｂ）において、左端の位置の軸受角度ωが１８０度となり、下端の位置の軸受角度ωが２７０度となるように定義する。   In FIG. 2A, the upper and lower half members 2 are shown. In the present embodiment, the rotation direction of the crankshaft 11 is the clockwise direction when viewed from the front as indicated by the arrow in FIG. Also, the bearing angle ω is 0 degree at the right end position in FIG. 2B, and the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 2B is positive. That is, in FIG. 2B, the bearing angle ω at the left end position is defined as 180 degrees, and the bearing angle ω at the lower end position is defined as 270 degrees.

上側の半割部材２の内周には円周方向に溝が設けられており、中心に円形の孔が設けられている。また、上側の半割部材２の左右に合わせ面が配置されている。
下側の半割部材２の内周の摺動面において、その軸方向の端部に細溝３が形成されている。
細溝３は下側の半割部材２に設けられる。本実施形態においては、細溝３は軸方向に並列して二本設けられている。詳細には、細溝３は、クランクシャフト１１の回転方向下流側合わせ面（軸受角度ωが１８０度）から軸受角度ωが正となる方向（反時計回り方向）に向けて円周方向に設けられる。すなわち、下側の半割部材２においては、図２（ｂ）の右側の合わせ面が回転方向上流側合わせ面、図２（ｂ）の左側の合わせ面が回転方向下流側合わせ面となる。
細溝３は、図２（ｃ）に示すように、軸受厚さＤよりも浅い深さｄとなるように形成されている。また、細溝の幅はｗとなるように形成されている。 On the inner periphery of the upper half member 2, a groove is provided in the circumferential direction, and a circular hole is provided in the center. In addition, mating surfaces are arranged on the left and right of the upper half member 2.
A narrow groove 3 is formed at the axial end of the inner sliding surface of the lower half member 2.
The narrow groove 3 is provided in the lower half member 2. In the present embodiment, two narrow grooves 3 are provided in parallel in the axial direction. Specifically, the narrow groove 3 is provided in a circumferential direction from the mating surface on the downstream side in the rotation direction of the crankshaft 11 (bearing angle ω is 180 degrees) toward the direction in which the bearing angle ω is positive (counterclockwise direction). It is done. That is, in the lower half member 2, the right mating surface in FIG. 2B is the upstream mating surface in the rotational direction, and the left mating surface in FIG. 2B is the downstream mating surface in the rotational direction.
The narrow groove 3 is formed to have a depth d shallower than the bearing thickness D, as shown in FIG. The narrow groove is formed to have a width of w.

半割部材２の軸方向端部に細溝３を設けたことにより、図３（ａ）に示すように、半割部材２の軸方向端部における圧力勾配を変化させることができる。すなわち、図３（ｂ）に示す細溝３がない場合と比べて、細溝３において軸受端部から中央部へ向かって下降する圧力勾配の増加に伴って、油の吸い戻し量が増加し、総和の流出油量が抑制される。   By providing the narrow groove 3 at the axial end of the half member 2, the pressure gradient at the axial end of the half member 2 can be changed as shown in FIG. That is, compared with the case where there is no narrow groove 3 shown in FIG. 3B, the amount of oil sucked back increases as the pressure gradient descending from the bearing end toward the center in the narrow groove 3 increases. The total amount of oil spilled is suppressed.

また、図４（ｂ）に示すように、細溝３の回転方向上流側角部３ａを直角に形成している。ここで、回転方向上流側角部３ａとは、回転方向下流側合わせ面と反対側の端部に形成され、細溝３の底面と側面とで形成される角部である。言い換えれば、細溝３の上流側端部において、細溝３の底面と側面とが直交するように形成されているものである。   Moreover, as shown in FIG.4 (b), the rotation direction upstream corner | angular part 3a of the narrow groove 3 is formed at right angle. Here, the rotation direction upstream corner 3 a is a corner formed at the end opposite to the rotation direction downstream mating surface and formed by the bottom surface and the side surface of the narrow groove 3. In other words, at the upstream end of the narrow groove 3, the bottom surface and the side surface of the narrow groove 3 are formed so as to be orthogonal to each other.

また、図４（ｃ）に示すように、細溝３の回転方向上流側角部３ａを曲率半径Ｒが細溝３の深さｄ以下である丸め加工して形成することもできる。言い換えれば、細溝３の上流側端部において、細溝３の底面と側面との接触部分を丸め加工して、細溝３の底面と側面とが滑らかに連続するように形成されているものである。
ここで、丸め加工をする際の曲率半径Ｒは細溝３の深さｄ以下となるように形成している。このように構成することにより、曲率半径Ｒが大きい場合と比較して、細溝３の底面から側面への傾きが急になる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 4C, the upstream corner 3a in the rotation direction of the narrow groove 3 can be formed by rounding so that the radius of curvature R is equal to or less than the depth d of the narrow groove 3. In other words, at the upstream end of the narrow groove 3, the contact portion between the bottom surface and the side surface of the narrow groove 3 is rounded so that the bottom surface and the side surface of the narrow groove 3 are smoothly continuous. It is.
Here, the radius of curvature R when rounding is formed to be equal to or less than the depth d of the narrow groove 3. By comprising in this way, compared with the case where the curvature radius R is large, the inclination from the bottom face of the narrow groove 3 to a side surface becomes steep.

また、前記細溝３は、プレス成型によって成型されている。プレス成型とは、油圧プレス、機械プレス、クランクプレス、液圧プレスなど各種プレス機械によって軸受表面を塑性変形させることで細溝３を成型する方法である。   The narrow groove 3 is formed by press molding. The press molding is a method of molding the narrow groove 3 by plastically deforming the bearing surface by various press machines such as a hydraulic press, a mechanical press, a crank press, and a hydraulic press.

図５（ａ）に示すように、細溝３がプレス成型によって成型されることで、細溝３の底面に形成される加工痕を平らにすることができる。例えば、図５（ｂ）に示すように、細溝３が切削加工によって形成された場合には、細溝３の底面に形成される加工痕がギザギザになるが、これと比較して、細溝３がプレス成型によって成型されることで、細溝３の底面に形成される加工痕を平らにすることができる。   As shown in FIG. 5A, the processing groove formed on the bottom surface of the narrow groove 3 can be flattened by forming the narrow groove 3 by press molding. For example, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), when the fine groove 3 is formed by cutting, the machining trace formed on the bottom surface of the fine groove 3 becomes jagged. By forming the groove 3 by press molding, a processing mark formed on the bottom surface of the narrow groove 3 can be flattened.

また、図５（ａ）に示すように、細溝３がプレス成型によって成型されることで、半割部材の表面と軸受の端部側面との間に形成される頂角部３ｂが面取りされる。比較例として、図５（ｂ）に示すように、細溝３が切削加工によって形成された場合には、頂角部３ｂは面取りされない。   Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the apex angle portion 3b formed between the surface of the half member and the end side surface of the bearing is chamfered by forming the narrow groove 3 by press molding. The As a comparative example, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the narrow groove 3 is formed by cutting, the apex portion 3b is not chamfered.

以上のように、円筒を軸方向と平行に二分割した半割部材２・２を上下に配置したすべり軸受１であって、すべり軸受１の軸方向端部に、円周方向に細溝３を設け、前記細溝３の回転方向上流側角部は、直角に形成したもしくは曲率半径Ｒが細溝３の深さｄ以下である丸め加工をして形成したものである。
このように構成することにより、油膜圧力の発生を妨げない程度の細溝を設けることで、摺動面積を減らしつつ、フリクション低減効果を得ることができ、かつ、総和の流出油量を抑えることができる。また、細溝３の回転方向上流側角部において、細溝３の底面と側面とが直交するもしくは、細溝３の底面と側面とが滑らかに連続し、細溝３の底面から側面への傾きが急になるように形成することができるため、負の圧力勾配と吸い戻し量が増加する。 As described above, the slide bearing 1 is formed by vertically arranging the half members 2 and 2 which are divided into two in parallel with the axial direction, and the narrow groove 3 in the circumferential direction is formed at the axial end portion of the slide bearing 1. And the corner on the upstream side in the rotational direction of the narrow groove 3 is formed at a right angle or rounded so that the radius of curvature R is equal to or less than the depth d of the narrow groove 3.
By configuring in this way, by providing a narrow groove that does not hinder the generation of oil film pressure, it is possible to obtain a friction reduction effect while reducing the sliding area, and to suppress the total amount of oil spilled Can do. In addition, at the corner on the upstream side in the rotation direction of the narrow groove 3, the bottom surface and the side surface of the narrow groove 3 are orthogonal to each other or the bottom surface and the side surface of the narrow groove 3 are smoothly continuous. Since it can be formed so that the inclination becomes steep, the negative pressure gradient and the amount of suck back increase.

また、細溝３は、プレス成型によって成型されたものである。
このように構成することにより、細溝３の回転方向上流側角部を容易に直角に形成しもしくは曲率半径Ｒが細溝深さｄ以下である丸め加工をして形成することができる。
また、切削加工に比べて加工時間を短縮することができ、バリの発生も防ぐことができる。 The narrow groove 3 is formed by press molding.
By configuring in this way, the corners on the upstream side in the rotation direction of the narrow grooves 3 can be easily formed at a right angle or rounded so that the radius of curvature R is equal to or less than the depth d of the narrow grooves.
Further, the machining time can be shortened compared to the cutting process, and the occurrence of burrs can be prevented.

１ すべり軸受
２ 半割部材
３ 細溝
３ａ 回転方向上流側角部
１１ クランクシャフト
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Slide bearing 2 Half member 3 Narrow groove 3a Rotation direction upstream corner 11 Crankshaft

Claims (2)

円筒を軸方向と平行に二分割した半割部材を上下に配置したすべり軸受であって、
前記下側の半割部材の軸方向両端部にのみ、円周方向に細溝を設け、
前記細溝は、軸の回転方向下流側合わせ面から上流側に向かって設けられ、
前記細溝の回転方向上流端側角部は、直角に形成したもしくは曲率半径が細溝深さ以下である丸め加工形状に形成した、
ことを特徴とするすべり軸受。 A slide bearing in which a half member divided into two in parallel with the axial direction is arranged vertically,
Only at both axial ends of the lower half member, a narrow groove is provided in the circumferential direction,
The narrow groove is provided from the downstream mating surface in the rotation direction of the shaft toward the upstream side,
The corner portion on the upstream end side in the rotational direction of the narrow groove was formed at a right angle or formed into a rounded shape with a radius of curvature equal to or less than the depth of the narrow groove
A plain bearing characterized by that. 前記細溝は、プレス成型によって成型された、
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載のすべり軸受。 The narrow groove was formed by press molding,
The plain bearing according to claim 1, wherein:
JP2013041287A 2013-03-01 2013-03-01 Plain bearing Expired - Fee Related JP6166064B2 (en)

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