JP6099980B2 - Radioactive material decontamination method - Google Patents

Radioactive material decontamination method Download PDF

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JP6099980B2
JP6099980B2 JP2013000649A JP2013000649A JP6099980B2 JP 6099980 B2 JP6099980 B2 JP 6099980B2 JP 2013000649 A JP2013000649 A JP 2013000649A JP 2013000649 A JP2013000649 A JP 2013000649A JP 6099980 B2 JP6099980 B2 JP 6099980B2
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decontamination
agent
adsorption
radioactive
radioactive substance
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雨貝 洋
洋 雨貝
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株式会社水戸グリーンサービス
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Description

本発明は、放射性物質に汚染された自然環境や構造物を除染する方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for decontaminating a natural environment or a structure contaminated with a radioactive substance.

平成23年3月に発生した東日本大震災により、福島県の福島第一原子力発電所が被災し、大量の放射性物質による広範な環境汚染を引き起こした。
その為、現在、放射性物質に汚染された地域での除染作業が進められており、放射性物質を除染する為の様々な技術が開発されている。
The Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred in March 2011 damaged the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station in Fukushima Prefecture, causing widespread environmental pollution by a large amount of radioactive materials.
For this reason, decontamination work is currently underway in areas contaminated with radioactive materials, and various techniques for decontaminating radioactive materials have been developed.

従来の除染技術には、除染対象物毎に例えば次のような方法がある。
<1>土壌
a.表土5〜10cmを剥ぎ取る方法。
<2>草木類
b.根系から剥ぎ取る方法。
c.伐採する方法。
d.表皮を剥ぎ取る方法。
<3>既設構築物・舗装道路
e.ショットブラストにより表面を削り取る方法(特許文献1)。
f.高圧洗浄水によって洗い流す方法。
g.表面を手作業でふき取る方法。
Conventional decontamination techniques include, for example, the following methods for each decontamination target.
<1> Soil a. A method of stripping 5-10 cm of topsoil.
<2> Plants b. A method of peeling from the root system.
c. How to cut down.
d. A method to peel off the epidermis.
<3> Existing structures and paved roads e. A method of scraping the surface by shot blasting (Patent Document 1).
f. A method of washing away with high-pressure washing water.
g. A method of manually wiping the surface.

また、放射性セシウム等の放射性物質を吸着するゼオライトを使用した除染方法が研究されている。ゼオライトは陽イオン交換容量が多く、セシウムに対する選択性が高い為、高い除染効果が期待されている。   In addition, decontamination methods using zeolite that adsorbs radioactive substances such as radioactive cesium have been studied. Since zeolite has a large cation exchange capacity and high selectivity to cesium, a high decontamination effect is expected.

特開平5−87983号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-87983

しかし、従来の除染技術には次のような問題点がある。   However, conventional decontamination techniques have the following problems.

既設構築物や舗装道路の削り取り作業や、汚染土の表土剥ぎ取り作業には多数の重機や機械、人員が必要である。また、高圧水で洗浄する方法では、汚染水の回収や凝集剤添加等の手間がかかる。
この為、これらの方法は作業効率が悪く、設備費や人件費等のコストが高い。
Many heavy machinery, machines, and personnel are required for scraping off existing structures and paved roads, and stripping off contaminated soil. Moreover, in the method of washing with high-pressure water, troubles such as collection of contaminated water and addition of a flocculant are required.
For this reason, these methods have poor work efficiency and high costs such as equipment costs and labor costs.

除染作業の作業効率を高める為、大量の乾燥したゼオライトを表土や道路等の除染対象物に散布して、セシウム等の放射性物質を吸着させる方法が考えられる。
この方法では、散布後にゼオライトが風で吹き飛ばされると除染されず、除染効果にばらつきが出るだけでなく、大量のゼオライトが無駄になる。
さらに、ビルの壁面等の垂直面を対象にゼオライトを用いて除染する好適な除染技術が提案されていない。
In order to increase the work efficiency of the decontamination work, it is conceivable to apply a large amount of dried zeolite to a decontamination object such as topsoil or road to adsorb radioactive substances such as cesium.
In this method, if the zeolite is blown off by wind after spraying, it is not decontaminated, and the decontamination effect varies, and a large amount of zeolite is wasted.
Furthermore, no suitable decontamination technique has been proposed for decontaminating vertical surfaces such as wall surfaces of buildings using zeolite.

表土・芝生や草を剥ぎ取る方法では、多量の汚染土が発生する。また、樹木の伐採処理や表皮剥ぎ取りでは、焼却処理によって濃縮された放射性焼却灰が発生する。さらに、高圧洗浄水によって洗い流す方法では、排出される汚染水にシルト系の放射性汚泥(放射性汚泥ケーキ)が多量に含まれる。ショットブラストによる方法では、放射性のブラストダストが飛散する。
この為、広大な仮置き場や処理施設、保管地の確保が必要となる。
A large amount of contaminated soil is generated by the method of stripping topsoil, lawn and grass. In addition, in the tree cutting process and skin peeling, radioactive incineration ash concentrated by the incineration process is generated. Furthermore, in the method of washing away with high-pressure washing water, a large amount of silt-based radioactive sludge (radio sludge cake) is contained in the discharged contaminated water. In the method using shot blasting, radioactive blast dust is scattered.
For this reason, it is necessary to secure a vast temporary storage area, a processing facility, and a storage area.

ショットブラストや高圧洗浄水による方法は、除染物質や水を高圧力で吹き付けるため、除染対象物の表面に損傷を与える。
この為、樹木や芝、構築物等の傷つきやすい対象には手作業で拭きとる方法がとられるが、時間と手間がかかる上に、作業者が被曝する危険性が高い。
The method using shot blasting or high-pressure washing water damages the surface of the object to be decontaminated because the decontaminating substance or water is sprayed at a high pressure.
For this reason, a method of manually wiping an easily damaged object such as a tree, turf, or a structure is taken, but it takes time and labor, and there is a high risk of exposure to the worker.

以上に鑑み、本発明の目的は、除染効果のばらつきをなくすと共にゼオライト等の放射性物質吸着体の経済的な使用を可能とする除染方法を提供する点にある。   In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a decontamination method that eliminates variations in decontamination effects and enables economical use of radioactive material adsorbents such as zeolite.

本発明の他の目的は、放射性土壌や汚染水、放射性ダストを発生しない除染方法を提供し、放射性廃棄物の発生量を減らす点にある。   Another object of the present invention is to provide a decontamination method that does not generate radioactive soil, contaminated water, and radioactive dust, and to reduce the amount of radioactive waste generated.

本発明の他の目的は、切削や剥ぎ取り等を使わず、除染対象物を傷つけない除染方法を提供する点にある。   Another object of the present invention is to provide a decontamination method that does not damage a decontamination object without using cutting or stripping.

本願発明に係る放射性物質の除染方法は、放射性物質の除染方法であって、除染対象物の除染対象面に湿潤溶液を付着して湿潤層を形成する、湿潤工程と、湿潤層に散布手段によって吸着除染剤を散布し、除染層を形成する、吸着除染剤の仮定着工程と、除染層の吸着除染剤が、除染対象物に含まれる放射性物質を吸着する、吸着工程と、除染層が乾燥することにより剥離した吸着除染剤を、吸引手段によって吸引する、吸引回収工程と、吸引手段によって吸引した吸着除染剤を、分離回収手段によって空気と分離して回収する、分離回収工程と、からなることを特徴とする。   A decontamination method for a radioactive substance according to the present invention is a decontamination method for a radioactive substance, wherein a wetting solution is formed on a decontamination target surface of a decontamination object to form a wetting layer, and a wetting layer Adsorbing decontamination agent by spraying means to form a decontamination layer, the adsorbing decontamination agent adhering process, and the adsorption decontamination agent of the decontamination layer adsorb radioactive substances contained in the decontamination target The suction step, and the suction decontaminant separated by drying of the decontamination layer are sucked by the suction means. The suction recovery step, and the suction decontamination agent sucked by the suction means are separated from the air by the separation and recovery means. And a separation and recovery step of separating and collecting.

本願発明に係る放射性物質の除染方法は、吸着除染剤が予め着色してある事を特徴とする。   The radioactive substance decontamination method according to the present invention is characterized in that the adsorptive decontamination agent is colored in advance.

本願発明に係る放射性物質の除染方法は、吸着除染剤が少なくともゼオライト粉体を含む事を特徴とする。   The radioactive substance decontamination method according to the present invention is characterized in that the adsorptive decontamination agent contains at least zeolite powder.

本願発明に係る放射性物質の除染方法は、吸着除染剤が展着剤又は高分子系接着剤と、ゼオライト粉体、及び水を含むスラリー状体である事を特徴とする。   The radioactive substance decontamination method according to the present invention is characterized in that the adsorbing decontamination agent is a slurry containing a spreading agent or a polymer adhesive, zeolite powder, and water.

本願発明に係る放射性物質の除染方法は、湿潤工程と仮定着工程を、並行して行うことを特徴とする。   The radioactive substance decontamination method according to the present invention is characterized in that the wetting step and the assumed attachment step are performed in parallel.

本願発明に係る放射性物質の除染方法は、湿潤溶液が展着剤又は高分子系接着剤と水を混合したものであることを特徴とする。   The radioactive substance decontamination method according to the present invention is characterized in that the wetting solution is a mixture of a spreading agent or a polymer adhesive and water.

本願発明に係る放射性物質の除染方法は、散布手段が、動力散布機、車載動力散布機、ポンプと撹拌装置を有するタンクからなるスラリー撒布装置、ヘリコプターの少なくとも何れか一つであることを特徴とする。   The radioactive substance decontamination method according to the present invention is characterized in that the spreading means is at least one of a power spreader, a vehicle-mounted power spreader, a slurry distribution device comprising a tank having a pump and a stirring device, and a helicopter. And

本願発明に係る放射性物質の除染方法は、吸引手段が、ブロア、エジェクターの少なくとも何れか一つであることを特徴とする。   The radioactive substance decontamination method according to the present invention is characterized in that the suction means is at least one of a blower and an ejector.

本願発明に係る放射性物質の除染方法は、分離回収手段が、遠心集塵装置、フィルター集塵装置の少なくとも何れか一つであることを特徴とする。   The radioactive substance decontamination method according to the present invention is characterized in that the separation and recovery means is at least one of a centrifugal dust collector and a filter dust collector.

本発明による除染方法は、湿潤層を介して除染対象面に吸着除染剤をむらなく付着する為、ゼオライト等の放射性物質吸着体を無駄にしない。
さらに、凸凹面、斜面、垂直面等、あらゆる方向の面に対して除染が可能である。
従って、ゼオライト等の放射性物質吸着体の有効活用と、ばらつきのない効率的な除染作業を同時に達成できる。
In the decontamination method according to the present invention, the adsorbing decontamination agent is uniformly attached to the surface to be decontaminated through the wet layer, so that a radioactive substance adsorbent such as zeolite is not wasted.
Further, decontamination can be performed on surfaces in all directions such as uneven surfaces, inclined surfaces, and vertical surfaces.
Therefore, effective utilization of radioactive substance adsorbents such as zeolite and efficient decontamination work without variations can be achieved simultaneously.

本発明の実施例における仮定着工程の概要図Schematic diagram of hypothetical landing process in an embodiment of the present invention 本発明の実施例における吸引回収工程の概要図Schematic diagram of suction recovery process in an embodiment of the present invention 本発明の実施例における湿潤工程の概念図The conceptual diagram of the wetting process in the Example of this invention 本発明の実施例における湿潤工程の概念図The conceptual diagram of the wetting process in the Example of this invention 本発明の実施例における仮定着状態の概念図The conceptual diagram of the assumption wearing state in the Example of this invention 本発明の除染方法のフロー図Flow diagram of the decontamination method of the present invention

以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の好適な実施例について説明する。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[本発明の構成]
<1>発明の概要
本発明は、除染対象物10の除染対象面10aを予め湿潤させて湿潤層20を形成し、湿潤層20に吸着除染剤50を付着して除染層30を形成し、除染層30の吸着除染剤50で除染対象物10の放射性物質を吸着し、除染層30が乾燥した後、剥離した吸着除染剤50を吸引し、分離回収する除染方法である。
[Configuration of the present invention]
<1> Summary of the Invention In the present invention, the decontamination target surface 10a of the decontamination target 10 is previously wetted to form the wet layer 20, and the adsorption decontamination agent 50 is attached to the wet layer 20 to thereby remove the decontamination layer 30. After the decontamination layer 30 is dried, the adsorbed decontamination agent 50 is sucked and separated and recovered. Decontamination method.

<2>除染対象物
除染対象物10は、山、田畑、公園や立木等の自然物や、家屋、ビル、道路等の既設構造物を含む。
<2> Decontamination object The decontamination object 10 includes natural objects such as mountains, fields, parks and trees, and existing structures such as houses, buildings, and roads.

<3>吸着除染剤
吸着除染剤50は、除染対象物10に含まれる放射性セシウム等の放射性物質を吸着し除染する物質である。除染対象物10に付着する為、粉体やスラリー状体とすることができる。
吸着除染剤50は、具体的にはゼオライトの粉体や、人工ゼオライト粉体、バーミキュライト、スメクタイトの層状ケイ酸塩鉱物の粉体とする事ができる。
ゼオライトの粉体とする場合には、ゼオライトの粒度組成を300μm以下とする事が望ましい。さらに好ましくは100μm以下が望ましい。
さらに、吸着除染剤50に染料や顔料等の着色剤を加えて着色を施す場合もある。これによって吸着除染剤50の肉眼による識別が容易になるため、吸着除染剤50の散布むらをなくし、回収作業を容易にすることができる。
<3> Adsorption decontamination agent The adsorption decontamination agent 50 is a substance that adsorbs and decontaminates a radioactive substance such as radioactive cesium contained in the decontamination target 10. Since it adheres to the decontamination object 10, it can be made into a powder or slurry.
Specifically, the adsorption decontaminating agent 50 may be zeolite powder, artificial zeolite powder, vermiculite, or smectite layered silicate mineral powder.
When the zeolite powder is used, it is desirable that the particle size composition of the zeolite be 300 μm or less. More preferably, it is 100 μm or less.
Further, coloring may be performed by adding a coloring agent such as a dye or pigment to the adsorption decontamination agent 50. This facilitates identification of the adsorptive decontaminant 50 with the naked eye, thereby eliminating uneven dispersion of the adsorbent decontaminant 50 and facilitating the collection operation.

<4>散布手段
散布手段60は、吸着除染剤50を除染対象物10に散布する為の手段である。
具体的には、例えば、吸着除染剤50を収容するタンクと散布ホースを備える動力散布機とすることができる。
また、散布手段60を車載式動力散布機とすれば、移動しながら路面を除染することができ、高所の除染にも有効である。
さらに、散布手段60をヘリコプター等とすれば、広範囲に一律に散布でき、山林等の大規模な除染が可能になる。
また、スラリーの撒布にはポンプと撹拌装置を備えた車載式のスラリー吹付装置が有効である。
<4> Spreading unit The spreading unit 60 is a unit for spraying the adsorption decontamination agent 50 to the decontamination target 10.
Specifically, for example, a power spreader including a tank for storing the adsorption decontaminating agent 50 and a spray hose can be provided.
Moreover, if the spreading means 60 is an on-vehicle power spreader, the road surface can be decontaminated while moving, which is also effective for decontamination at high places.
Furthermore, if the spraying means 60 is a helicopter or the like, it can be sprayed uniformly over a wide range, and large-scale decontamination of forests and the like becomes possible.
An on-vehicle slurry spraying device equipped with a pump and a stirring device is effective for slurry distribution.

<5>吸引手段
吸引手段70は、放射性物質を吸着した吸着除染剤50を吸引し、回収する為の手段である。
吸引手段70は、具体的には、例えばブロアやエジェクター等の吸引装置とすることができる。
<5> Suction Unit The suction unit 70 is a unit for sucking and collecting the adsorption decontamination agent 50 that has adsorbed the radioactive substance.
Specifically, the suction means 70 can be a suction device such as a blower or an ejector.

<6>分離回収手段
分離回収手段80は、吸引した吸着除染剤50を吸引空気と分離して回収する為の手段である。
分離回収手段80は、具体的には、密閉型サイクロン装置や、バッグフィルター集塵機とすることができる。
また、これらの装置を吸引手段70とホースで接続する事で、吸引手段70によって吸引した吸着除染材10を漏れなく回収する事ができる。
<6> Separation / Recovery Unit The separation / recovery unit 80 is a unit for separating the suctioned decontaminating agent 50 from the suction air and collecting it.
Specifically, the separation and recovery means 80 may be a closed cyclone device or a bag filter dust collector.
Further, by connecting these devices to the suction means 70 with a hose, the adsorption decontamination material 10 sucked by the suction means 70 can be collected without leakage.

[放射性物質の除染方法]
<1>湿潤工程(S1)
図3A及び図3Bを参照する。
水に展着剤若しくは高分子系接着剤を混合して湿潤溶液40を作成する。
次に、除染対象物10の全面に湿潤溶液40を吹き付け、除染対象物10の表面(除染対象面10a)に連続に湿潤層20を形成する。
湿潤工程の結果、除染対象面10a上には湿潤層20がほぼ均一に広がり、湿潤層20の表面が付着力を有する。その為、吸着除染剤50を壁面等の垂直面にも付着する事ができる。
[Method of decontamination of radioactive material]
<1> Wetting process (S1)
Please refer to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B.
A wetting solution 40 is prepared by mixing a spreading agent or a polymer adhesive with water.
Next, the wet solution 40 is sprayed on the entire surface of the decontamination target 10 to form the wet layer 20 continuously on the surface of the decontamination target 10 (decontamination target surface 10a).
As a result of the wetting step, the wetting layer 20 spreads almost uniformly on the surface 10a to be decontaminated, and the surface of the wetting layer 20 has an adhesive force. Therefore, the adsorption decontaminating agent 50 can be adhered to a vertical surface such as a wall surface.

<2>吸着除染剤の仮定着工程(S2)
図1を参照する。
除染対象物10の湿潤層20に吸着除染剤50を散布して、除染層30を形成する。散布には散布手段60を用い、方法には、散布・吹き付け・噴霧・塗布を含む。これによって、吸着除染剤50は湿潤層20を介して除染対象面10aの全面に亘ってむらなく付着する(仮定着状態 図4)。
吸着除染剤50に着色を施すことにより、散布状況を肉眼で確認でき、除染対象物10の全面に吸着除染剤50をむらなく散布する事ができる。
公園の植栽や構造物への散布には運搬式の動力散布機の使用が有効である。
また、路面への散布には、移動しながら路面作業することができるため、車載式動力散布機の使用が有効である。スラリーの撒布にはポンプと撹拌装置を備えた車載式の吹付装置(例えば客土吹付機)を用いて吹付け、撒布する事が有効である。
さらに、山林等の広域に一律に散布するにはヘリコプターの使用が有効である。
<2> Assuming process for adsorbing decontaminating agent (S2)
Please refer to FIG.
The adsorption decontamination agent 50 is sprayed on the wet layer 20 of the decontamination target 10 to form the decontamination layer 30. The spraying means 60 is used for spraying, and the method includes spraying, spraying, spraying, and application. As a result, the adsorbing decontaminating agent 50 adheres evenly over the entire surface 10a to be decontaminated via the wet layer 20 (assumed wearing state FIG. 4).
By coloring the adsorbent decontaminating agent 50, the state of application can be confirmed with the naked eye, and the adsorbing decontaminant 50 can be evenly distributed over the entire surface of the decontamination target 10.
The use of a transportable power spreader is effective for planting parks and spraying structures.
Moreover, since it is possible to work on the road surface while moving, it is effective to use a vehicle-mounted power spreader for spreading on the road surface. It is effective to spray and distribute the slurry using a vehicle-mounted spraying device (for example, a guest soil spraying machine) equipped with a pump and a stirring device.
Furthermore, it is effective to use a helicopter to spread uniformly over a wide area such as a forest.

<3>放射性物質の吸着工程(S3)
仮定着工程によって除染対象物10の除染層30に仮定着した吸着除染剤50が、除染対象物10の全面にわたって放射性物質を吸着する。
除染層30には吸着除染剤50が均一に広がっているため、放射性物質の吸着に漏れがなく、除染むらが発生しにくい。
吸着時間は、例えば、除染対象物10に粒度組成300μm以下のゼオライト粉体を用いる場合15分〜30分程度が望ましい。
<3> Radioactive substance adsorption process (S3)
The adsorptive decontamination agent 50 that has been hypothetically attached to the decontamination layer 30 of the decontamination target 10 by the hypothetical deposition process adsorbs the radioactive substance over the entire surface of the decontamination target 10.
Since the adsorption decontamination agent 50 spreads uniformly in the decontamination layer 30, there is no leakage in the adsorption of the radioactive material, and decontamination unevenness hardly occurs.
For example, when the zeolite powder having a particle size composition of 300 μm or less is used for the decontamination object 10, the adsorption time is preferably about 15 to 30 minutes.

<4>吸着除染剤の吸引回収工程(S4)
引き続き、図2を参照する。
除染層30が乾燥する事により、除染層30の付着力が弱まり、放射性物質を吸着した吸着除染剤50が除染対象表面10aから自然剥離し、地表附近に堆積する。又、一部附着している吸着除染剤50も、小さな吸引力で除染対象面10aから剥離できるようになる。これを、ブロアやエジェクター等の吸引手段70により、吸引・回収して、除染対象物10の除染を完了する。
この際、剥離した吸着除染剤50は粒状の固形体であるため、回収が容易である。また、高圧洗浄による汚染水のように流れて広がらないため、汚染が拡大する事がない。
また、吸着除染剤50に着色剤を混入して地色と異なる着色を施すことによって、吸着除染剤50を肉眼で識別し易くなり、回収漏れをなくすことができる。
<4> Adsorption decontaminant suction recovery step (S4)
Still referring to FIG.
When the decontamination layer 30 is dried, the adhesion of the decontamination layer 30 is weakened, and the adsorbing decontamination agent 50 that has adsorbed the radioactive material is naturally separated from the decontamination target surface 10a and deposited near the ground surface. Further, the adsorbing decontamination agent 50 partially attached can be peeled from the decontamination target surface 10a with a small suction force. This is sucked and collected by suction means 70 such as a blower or an ejector, and the decontamination of the decontamination target 10 is completed.
At this time, the peeled adsorption decontaminating agent 50 is a granular solid, so that it can be easily collected. Moreover, since it does not flow and spread like contaminated water by high-pressure washing, contamination does not expand.
Further, by mixing the adsorbent decontaminant 50 with a colorant and coloring it different from the ground color, the adsorbent decontaminant 50 can be easily identified with the naked eye, and the collection omission can be eliminated.

<5>吸着除染剤の分離回収工程(S5)
吸引・回収した吸着除染剤50を、密閉型サイクロン装置やバッグフィルター集塵機等の分離回収手段80によって、回収時に吸引した空気と分離回収する。
分離回収する方法には例えば、密閉型サイクロン装置の装置内で渦巻きを起こして空気と遠心分離する方法がある。
また、バッグフィルター集塵機を使用する場合には、吸引回収した吸着除染剤50を、フィルターを使って空気から濾過する。
<5> Adsorption decontamination agent separation and recovery step (S5)
The adsorption / decontamination agent 50 sucked and collected is separated and collected from the air sucked at the time of collection by a separation and collection means 80 such as a closed cyclone device or a bag filter dust collector.
As a method for separating and collecting, for example, there is a method in which vortex is generated in the device of the closed cyclone device and the air is centrifuged.
When using a bag filter dust collector, the suction decontamination agent 50 collected by suction is filtered from the air using a filter.

本発明の他の実施例において、吸着除染剤50を、ゼオライト粉体と水に、展着剤又は高分子系接着剤を混合して撹拌したスラリー状体とすることもできる。また、必要に応じて着色剤を含む場合もある。高分子系接着剤はカチオン性高分子接着剤(例えば商品名 EMNコート21(登録商標))を用いる事により、イオン交換機能をより効果的に行う事ができる。
また、散布手段60をポンプと撹拌装置を備えた車載式スラリー撒布装置(例えば客土吹付機)とし、吸着除染剤50の材料を加えて撹拌し、除染対象物10へ吹き付けることができる。
この場合には、吸着除染剤50自体が湿潤溶液40を兼ね、除染対象物10への付着力を持つ為、湿潤工程と仮定着工程を並行して行うことができる。このため、より効率的な定着が可能となる。
In another embodiment of the present invention, the adsorptive decontaminating agent 50 may be a slurry body obtained by mixing a zeolite powder and water with a spreading agent or a polymer adhesive and stirring. Moreover, a coloring agent may be included as needed. The polymer adhesive can perform an ion exchange function more effectively by using a cationic polymer adhesive (for example, trade name EMN Coat 21 (registered trademark)).
Further, the spraying means 60 can be an on-vehicle slurry spraying device (for example, a guest soil spraying machine) equipped with a pump and a stirring device, and the material of the adsorption decontaminating agent 50 can be added and stirred, and sprayed onto the decontamination object 10. .
In this case, the adsorption decontamination agent 50 itself serves as the wetting solution 40 and has an adhesive force to the decontamination target 10, so that the wetting step and the assumed attachment step can be performed in parallel. For this reason, more efficient fixing becomes possible.

本発明の他の実施例において、湿潤溶液40を水のみとすることができる。
この場合には、湿潤溶液40を除染対象物10に吹き付ける方法の他、降雨によって湿潤層20を形成することもできる。
In other embodiments of the present invention, the wetting solution 40 may be water only.
In this case, in addition to the method of spraying the wet solution 40 onto the decontamination target 10, the wet layer 20 can also be formed by rainfall.

前述した実施例によれば、本発明は、次の効果のうちの少なくとも一つを有する。
<1>除染作業の効率化・低コスト化
本発明による除染方法は、多数の作業員や特殊な重機を必要としない為、既設構築物等の削り取り作業や汚染土の表土剥ぎ取り作業に比べ、作業効率が高く、除染作業のコストを抑制する事ができる
According to the embodiment described above, the present invention has at least one of the following effects.
<1> Efficiency and cost reduction of decontamination work Since the decontamination method according to the present invention does not require a large number of workers or special heavy machinery, it can be used for scraping off existing structures and stripping off contaminated soil. Compared with high work efficiency, the cost of decontamination work can be reduced.

<2>放射性廃棄物の発生量を削減できる
本発明による除染方法では、回収する吸着除染剤50は粉状なので回収量が少なく、除染に伴い放射性土壌や汚染水、放射性ダスト等を発生しない。
<2> The amount of radioactive waste generated can be reduced. In the decontamination method according to the present invention, the adsorbing decontamination agent 50 to be collected is powdered, so the amount to be collected is small, and radioactive soil, contaminated water, radioactive dust, etc. are removed with decontamination Does not occur.

<3>除染対象物10を傷つけない
本発明による除染方法では、付着した吸着除染剤50によって除染対象物10の放射性物質を吸着する為、除染対象物10を削ったり表面を剥ぎ取ったりして傷つけることがない。
<3> The decontamination target 10 is not damaged In the decontamination method according to the present invention, the radioactive material of the decontamination target 10 is adsorbed by the adsorbing decontamination agent 50. It won't hurt by stripping off.

10 除染対象物
10a 除染対象面
20 湿潤層
30 除染層
40 湿潤溶液
50 吸着除染剤
60 散布手段
70 吸引手段
80 分離回収手段
S1 湿潤工程
S2 仮定着工程
S3 吸着工程
S4 吸引回収工程
S5 分離回収工程
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Decontamination object 10a Decontamination object surface 20 Wet layer 30 Decontamination layer 40 Wet solution 50 Adsorption decontamination agent
60 Dispersing means 70 Suction means 80 Separation and recovery means S1 Wetting process S2 Assumed attachment process S3 Adsorption process S4 Suction and recovery process S5 Separation and recovery process

Claims (7)

放射性物質の除染方法であって、
除染対象物の除染対象面に湿潤溶液を付着して湿潤層を形成する、湿潤工程と、
前記湿潤層に散布手段によって粉状の吸着除染剤を散布し、除染層を形成する、吸着除染剤の仮定着工程と、
前記除染層の前記吸着除染剤が、前記除染対象物に含まれる放射性物質を吸着する、吸着工程と、
前記除染層が乾燥することにより、前記吸着除染剤が前記除染対象物の表面から自然剥離するのを誘発する工程と、
記吸着除染剤を、吸引手段によって吸引する、吸引回収工程と、
前記吸引手段によって吸引した前記吸着除染剤を、分離回収手段によって空気と分離して回収する、分離回収工程と、からなることを特徴とする、
放射性物質の除染方法。
A decontamination method for radioactive substances,
A wetting step in which a wetting solution is attached to the decontamination object surface of the decontamination object to form a wetting layer;
An assumed adsorbing decontamination step of spraying a powdery adsorption decontamination agent on the wet layer by a spraying means to form a decontamination layer;
An adsorption step in which the adsorption decontamination agent of the decontamination layer adsorbs a radioactive substance contained in the decontamination target; and
A step of causing the adsorption decontamination agent to spontaneously peel from the surface of the decontamination object by drying the decontamination layer ;
The pre-Symbol adsorbent decontaminating agent is sucked by the suction means, the suction recovery process,
The adsorption and decontamination agent sucked by the suction means is separated and recovered from air by a separation and recovery means, and a separation and recovery step,
Radioactive material decontamination method.
前記吸着除染剤が予め着色してある事を特徴とする、請求項1に記載の放射性物質の除染方法。   2. The radioactive substance decontamination method according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption decontaminant is colored in advance. 前記吸着除染剤には、少なくともゼオライト粉体を含む事を特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の放射性物質の除染方法。   3. The radioactive substance decontamination method according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption decontamination agent includes at least zeolite powder. 前記湿潤溶液は、展着剤又は高分子系接着剤と、水を混合したものであることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の放射性物質の除染方法。   4. The radioactive substance decontamination method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wetting solution is a mixture of a spreading agent or a polymer adhesive and water. 前記散布手段は、動力散布機、車載動力散布機、ポンプと撹拌装置を備えたスラリー撒布装置、ヘリコプターの少なくとも何れか一つであることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至のいずれか一項に記載の放射性物質の除染方法。 Said distributing means, power dusters, the vehicle-mounted power sprayer, pump and stirrer slurry spraying device provided with, characterized in that it is a least one of a helicopter, any one of claims 1 to 4 The decontamination method of the radioactive substance as described in 1. 前記吸引手段は、ブロア、エジェクターの少なくとも何れか一つであることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至のいずれか一項に記載の放射性物質の除染方法。 It said suction means, blower, characterized in that it is a least one of the ejector, decontamination method of radioactive material according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 前記分離回収手段は、遠心集塵装置、フィルター集塵装置の少なくとも何れか一つであることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至のいずれか一項に記載の放射性物質の除染方法。 The radioactive substance decontamination method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the separation and recovery means is at least one of a centrifugal dust collector and a filter dust collector.
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