JP6098067B2 - Opening and closing support mechanism of rotating body - Google Patents

Opening and closing support mechanism of rotating body Download PDF

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JP6098067B2
JP6098067B2 JP2012187123A JP2012187123A JP6098067B2 JP 6098067 B2 JP6098067 B2 JP 6098067B2 JP 2012187123 A JP2012187123 A JP 2012187123A JP 2012187123 A JP2012187123 A JP 2012187123A JP 6098067 B2 JP6098067 B2 JP 6098067B2
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opening
support mechanism
slider
rotating body
closing
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JP2014043913A (en
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竜生 鈴木
竜生 鈴木
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Aisin Corp
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Aisin Seiki Co Ltd
Aisin Corp
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Description

本発明は、ドア等の回転体の開閉支持機構に関し、特に、車両のバックドアの開閉支持機構として好適な回転体の開閉支持機構に係る。   The present invention relates to an opening / closing support mechanism for a rotating body such as a door, and more particularly to an opening / closing support mechanism for a rotating body suitable as an opening / closing support mechanism for a back door of a vehicle.

車両のバックドアの開閉支持機構として、例えば下記の特許文献1には「バックドア全開時には保持力を最大にすることができ、しかもバックドア全閉・全開時にはコンパクトに収まった状態にすることができるバックドア開閉機構を提供すること」を課題とし(特許文献1の段落〔0013〕に記載)、「車体後方の開口部上縁近傍に開閉支点を有するバックドアの開閉動に伴ってダンパステーが伸縮するように構成された自動車のバックドア開閉機構において、一端がバックドアに回動自在に連結されたドア側リンク部材と、下端が車体に回動自在に連結されかつ上端が上記ドア側リンク部材の他端に回動自在に連結された車体側リンク部材と、下端が上記車体側リンク部材の下端連結部と略同軸上に回動自在に連結されかつ上端がドア側リンク部材の長手方向中間部に回動自在に連結されたダンパステーとを有し、上記バックドアの全閉時および全開時に、上記ドア側リンク部材と車体側リンク部材とダンパステーとが略同一直線上に沿って配列されるように構成した」自動車のバックドア開閉機構が開示されている(特許文献1の段落〔0015〕に記載)。また、下記の特許文献2にも、バックドアの開閉操作性を向上させることを目的とし、ダンパステーの一端のスライド軌跡を規制して案内する案内部を設けた支持構造が開示されている(特許文献2の段落〔0007〕及び〔0008〕に記載)。   As an open / close support mechanism for a back door of a vehicle, for example, the following Patent Document 1 states that “the holding force can be maximized when the back door is fully opened, and the back door is fully closed and fully opened. To provide a back door opening / closing mechanism that can be used "(described in paragraph [0013] of Patent Document 1), and" In a back door opening / closing mechanism of an automobile configured to extend and contract, a door side link member whose one end is rotatably connected to the back door, a lower end is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, and an upper end is the door side link A vehicle body side link member that is rotatably connected to the other end of the member, a lower end is rotatably connected substantially coaxially with a lower end connection portion of the vehicle body side link member, and an upper end is a door. A damper stay that is pivotally connected to an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the link member, and the door side link member, the vehicle body side link member, and the damper stay are substantially collinear when the back door is fully closed and fully opened. An automobile back door opening and closing mechanism is disclosed (described in paragraph [0015] of Patent Document 1). Also, Patent Document 2 below discloses a support structure provided with a guide portion that regulates and guides the slide locus of one end of a damper stay for the purpose of improving the open / close operability of the back door (patent). Document 2 paragraphs [0007] and [0008]).

更に、一般的な回転体の開閉支持機構という観点で、比較対象を拡大すると、上記バックドアの開閉機構とは装着対象や大きさも異なるが、下記の特許文献3には、「携帯電話やパーソナルコンピュータ等の、各種電子機器に使用される開閉装置」に関し、「開閉操作及び所定角度での保持が確実な開閉装置を提供することを目的」として(特許文献3の段落〔0018〕に記載)、「ピン状の可動カムを、略円筒状の固定体の端部または外周に設けられた凹凸状の固定カムに弾接摺動させて、開閉操作を行うことによって、ほぼ180度までの開閉操作が可能となり、165度に開いた状態でも可動筐体に開方向への付勢力がはたらくため、がたつきがなく、開閉操作及び所定角度での保持が確実な」開閉装置が提案されている(特許文献3の段落〔0020〕に記載)。   Further, from the viewpoint of a general opening / closing support mechanism of a rotating body, the comparison target is enlarged, but the mounting target and the size are different from those of the back door opening / closing mechanism. Regarding “opening / closing device used for various electronic devices such as computers”, “as an object to provide an opening / closing device that can be reliably opened and closed and held at a predetermined angle” (described in paragraph [0018] of Patent Document 3) , "Opening and closing up to approximately 180 degrees by sliding the pin-shaped movable cam in contact with the concave and convex fixed cam provided on the end or outer periphery of the substantially cylindrical fixed body. An opening and closing device is proposed that can be operated, and even when it is opened at 165 degrees, the movable casing is biased in the opening direction, so there is no rattling, and the opening and closing operation and holding at a predetermined angle are reliable. (Patent Literature According to paragraph [0020] of).

特開平7−186727号公報JP-A-7-186727 特開平4−325314号公報JP-A-4-325314 特許第4670761号公報Japanese Patent No. 4670761

上記特許文献1及び2に開示されたバックドアの開閉機構では、何れも所謂ガスダンパの利用が前提とされており、車両に対する荷物の搬入搬出時に邪魔になり、見栄えが損なわれる。しかも、ガスダンパによっては操作力の調整が極めて困難である。即ち、バックドアの自重によるヒンジ軸回りのモーメントに対して、これを相殺するようにガスダンパを調整することは至難であり、必要な操作力が温度等の環境変化によって変化することになる。これに対し、仮に、特許文献3に記載の開閉装置を車両のバックドアに適用できれば、ガスダンパは不要となるが、、特許文献3に記載の可動カムを固定カムに弾接するばねの大型化が必至となるので、実用的ではない。換言すれば、特許文献3に記載の開閉装置は「携帯電話やパーソナルコンピュータ等の」小型の装置への適用に限定され、特許文献3の開示内容からは、大きな付勢力が要求される車両のバックドアの開閉機構等への適用が想起されるものではない。   The back door opening / closing mechanisms disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are all premised on the use of a so-called gas damper, which impedes the loading and unloading of the cargo with respect to the vehicle and impairs the appearance. Moreover, it is extremely difficult to adjust the operating force depending on the gas damper. In other words, it is extremely difficult to adjust the gas damper so as to offset the moment about the hinge axis due to the weight of the back door, and the required operating force changes due to environmental changes such as temperature. On the other hand, if the opening / closing device described in Patent Document 3 can be applied to the back door of a vehicle, the gas damper is not necessary, but the spring that elastically contacts the movable cam described in Patent Document 3 with the fixed cam is increased. As it is inevitable, it is not practical. In other words, the opening / closing device described in Patent Document 3 is limited to application to a small-sized device such as a mobile phone or a personal computer. From the disclosure of Patent Document 3, a vehicle that requires a large urging force is required. Application to a backdoor opening / closing mechanism or the like is not recalled.

そこで、本発明は、回転体の回転中心回りに配置し得る簡単な構造で、極力小さな操作力で回転体を開閉し得る開閉支持機構を提供することを課題とする。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an open / close support mechanism that can open and close the rotating body with an extremely small operation force with a simple structure that can be arranged around the rotation center of the rotating body.

上記の課題を達成するため、本発明は、本体に対し開閉可能に支持する回転体の開閉支持機構において、前記回転体に固定する筺体と、該筺体内に収容し両端部を回動可能に支持すると共に少なくとも一端部を前記本体に連結する回転軸と、該回転軸と一体的に回転し外周面に螺旋状のカム溝を有する円筒カムと、該円筒カムのカム溝に嵌合するピンを有し、前記筺体内で前記回転軸に対し軸方向に移動可能且つ回転不能に支持するスライダと、該スライダを前記回転軸の軸方向に付勢するように前記筺体に支持する付勢部材とを備え、前記回転体の開閉作動に伴い、前記回転体の自重によって前記回転軸に付与される自重モーメントが、前記スライダ及び前記円筒カムを介して変換される前記回転軸の回転力による回転モーメントと相殺されるときの前記ピンの移動軌跡に対応するように、前記円筒カムのカム溝が形成されており、前記付勢部材の付勢力によって前記スライダのピンが前記円筒カムのカム溝に沿って移動する方向に付勢されるときの軸方向の押圧力が前記回転軸の回転力に変換されるように構成したものである。 In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in an opening / closing support mechanism for a rotating body that is supported to be openable / closable with respect to a main body, a housing fixed to the rotating body, and a housing housed in the housing so that both ends can be rotated. A rotating shaft that supports and connects at least one end to the main body, a cylindrical cam that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft and has a helical cam groove on the outer peripheral surface, and a pin that fits into the cam groove of the cylindrical cam A slider that is movable in the axial direction with respect to the rotating shaft and is non-rotatable in the housing, and a biasing member that supports the slider in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. Rotation due to the rotational force of the rotary shaft, which is converted through the slider and the cylindrical cam, by the self-weight moment applied to the rotary shaft by the dead weight of the rotary body in accordance with the opening / closing operation of the rotary body Moment and offset So as to correspond to the moving locus of the pin of Rutoki, the provided cam groove of the cylindrical cam is formed, the pin of the slider moves along the cam groove of the cylindrical cam by the urging force of the urging member The axial pressing force when urged in the direction is converted into the rotational force of the rotating shaft.

上記の開閉支持機構において、前記回転体の重心位置での荷重の鉛直成分をFgとし、前記回転体の回転中心と重心位置との間の距離をLgとし、前記鉛直成分と前記回転体が成す角度をθgとし、前記自重モーメントをMgとしたときの、前記回転体の位置と前記自重モーメントの関係(Mg=Fg・sinθg・Lg)に基づき、前記円筒カムのカム溝が形成されている構成とするとよい。前記スライダは、前記円筒カムの外径より大の内径を有する環状部材で構成し、前記ピンは、前記環状部材から中心方向に突出する突起で構成するとよい。そして、前記付勢部材は、前記筺体の一端側と前記スライダとの間に介装する圧縮コイルばねで構成するとよい。 In the opening / closing support mechanism, the vertical component of the load at the center of gravity of the rotating body is Fg, and the distance between the center of rotation of the rotating body and the center of gravity is Lg, and the vertical component and the rotating body are formed. The cam groove of the cylindrical cam is formed based on the relationship between the position of the rotating body and the self-weight moment when the angle is θg and the self-weight moment is Mg (Mg = Fg · sin θg · Lg) It is good to do. The slider may be formed of an annular member having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical cam, and the pin may be formed of a protrusion protruding in the center direction from the annular member. And the said urging | biasing member is good to comprise with the compression coil spring interposed between the one end side of the said housing, and the said slider.

更に、上記の開閉支持機構において、前記回転軸の一端部と前記本体との間に介装し、前記回転軸の回転出力を減速する減速機構を備えたものとするとよい。   Furthermore, the opening / closing support mechanism may include a speed reduction mechanism that is interposed between one end of the rotation shaft and the main body and decelerates the rotation output of the rotation shaft.

加えて、前記減速機構とは独立して配置し、前記回転軸を回転駆動する駆動源を備えたものとしてもよい。この場合において、前記駆動源は、前記筺体内に収容する電動モータと、該電動モータの回転出力を減速するモータ減速機構を備えたものとするとよい。   In addition, a drive source that is arranged independently of the speed reduction mechanism and that rotationally drives the rotating shaft may be provided. In this case, the drive source may include an electric motor housed in the housing and a motor speed reduction mechanism that decelerates the rotational output of the electric motor.

尚、上記の開閉支持機構において、前記本体を車体とし、前記回転体を車両のバックドアとすれば、該バックドアのヒンジ軸を前記回転軸で構成することができる。   In the above opening / closing support mechanism, if the main body is a vehicle body and the rotating body is a back door of the vehicle, the hinge shaft of the back door can be constituted by the rotating shaft.

本発明は上述のように構成されているので以下の効果を奏する。即ち、本発明の回転体の開閉支持機構においては、回転体の開閉作動に伴い、回転体の自重によって回転軸に付与される自重モーメントが、スライダ及び円筒カムを介して変換される回転軸の回転力による回転モーメントと相殺されるときのピンの移動軌跡に対応するように、円筒カムのカム溝が形成されており、付勢部材の付勢力によってスライダのピンが円筒カムのカム溝に沿って移動する方向に付勢されるときの軸方向の押圧力が回転軸の回転力に変換されるように構成されているので、回転体の回転中心回りに配置し得る簡単な構造で、容易に回転体を開閉することができる。 Since this invention is comprised as mentioned above, there exist the following effects. That is, in the opening / closing support mechanism of the rotating body according to the present invention, the self-weight moment applied to the rotating shaft by the dead weight of the rotating body accompanying the opening / closing operation of the rotating body is converted by the rotating shaft converted through the slider and the cylindrical cam. The cam groove of the cylindrical cam is formed so as to correspond to the movement trajectory of the pin when the rotational moment due to the rotational force is offset, and the slider pin is moved along the cam groove of the cylindrical cam by the urging force of the urging member. Since the axial pressing force when urged in the moving direction is converted into the rotational force of the rotating shaft, it can be easily arranged with a simple structure that can be placed around the rotation center of the rotating body. The rotating body can be opened and closed.

上記の回転体の開閉支持機構において、回転体の重心位置での荷重の鉛直成分をFgとし、回転体の回転中心と重心位置との間の距離をLgとし、前記鉛直成分と回転体が成す角度をθgとし、前記自重モーメントをMgとしたときの、回転体の位置と自重モーメントの関係(Mg=Fg・sinθg・Lg)に基づき、円筒カムのカム溝が形成されている構成とすれば、前記荷重の鉛直成分に対する回転体の角度に応じてアシストトルクを自重モーメントに合致させることができるので、回転体を開閉する際の操作力を極力小さくすることができ、簡単な構造で安価な開閉支持機構を提供することができる。例えば、スライダは、円筒カムの外径より大の内径を有する環状部材で構成し、ピンは、環状部材から中心方向に突出する突起で構成することができ、また、付勢部材は、筺体の一端側とスライダとの間に介装する圧縮コイルばねで構成することができるので、簡単な構造で安価な開閉支持機構を提供することができる。 In the opening / closing support mechanism of the rotating body, the vertical component of the load at the center of gravity position of the rotating body is Fg, and the distance between the rotation center of the rotating body and the center of gravity position is Lg. Based on the relationship between the position of the rotating body and the self-weight moment when the angle is θg and the self-weight moment is Mg (Mg = Fg · sin θg · Lg), the cam groove of the cylindrical cam is formed. Since the assist torque can be matched to the self-weight moment according to the angle of the rotating body with respect to the vertical component of the load, the operating force when opening and closing the rotating body can be minimized, and the structure is simple and inexpensive. An opening / closing support mechanism can be provided. For example, the slider can be composed of an annular member having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical cam, the pin can be composed of a protrusion protruding in the center direction from the annular member, and the biasing member can be Since it can be configured by a compression coil spring interposed between the one end side and the slider, an inexpensive opening / closing support mechanism can be provided with a simple structure.

更に、回転軸の一端部と本体との間に減速機構を介装すれば、減速機構によって回転軸の回転を減速して出力することができるので、回転軸の回転数を減速比に反比例するように設定することができ、回転軸を一回転以上回転駆動することができる。従って、必要とする回転軸の回転力を確保するに当たり、スライダに対する軸方向の押圧力を小さく設定することができ、ひいては付勢部材の付勢力を小さく設定することができるので、開閉支持機構全体として小型化が可能となる。   Furthermore, if a speed reduction mechanism is interposed between the one end of the rotation shaft and the main body, the rotation speed of the rotation shaft can be reduced and output by the speed reduction mechanism, so the rotation speed of the rotation shaft is inversely proportional to the reduction ratio. The rotation shaft can be driven to rotate one or more times. Therefore, in securing the necessary rotational force of the rotating shaft, the axial pressing force against the slider can be set small, and consequently the urging force of the urging member can be set small, so the entire opening / closing support mechanism As a result, downsizing is possible.

あるいは、上記の減速機構とは独立して駆動源を配置し、これによって回転軸を回転駆動するように構成すれば、手動操作によることなく駆動源によって回転体を開閉するように構成することができる。駆動源としては電動モータ等があるが、更に、筺体内に収容する電動モータと、その回転出力を減速するモータ減速機構を備えたものとすれば、一層の小型化が可能となる。   Alternatively, if the drive source is arranged independently of the speed reduction mechanism and the rotation shaft is driven to rotate by this, the rotary body can be opened and closed by the drive source without manual operation. it can. There are electric motors and the like as drive sources, but further reduction in size is possible if an electric motor housed in the housing and a motor speed reduction mechanism for reducing the rotational output thereof are provided.

そして、本体が車体で、回転体が車両のバックドアであって、そのヒンジ軸を回転軸で構成すれば、バックドアの自重によるヒンジ軸回りのモーメントに対して、これを相殺するように開閉支持機構を設定することができるので、大きな操作力が要求される車両のバックドアの開閉に好適な開閉支持機構を提供することができる。   If the main body is the vehicle body and the rotating body is the back door of the vehicle, and the hinge shaft is composed of the rotation shaft, it can be opened and closed to offset the moment around the hinge shaft due to the weight of the back door. Since the support mechanism can be set, it is possible to provide an opening / closing support mechanism suitable for opening / closing a vehicle back door that requires a large operating force.

本発明の一実施形態に係る開閉支持機構の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the opening-and-closing support mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 図1のA−A線断面を示す横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view which shows the AA line cross section of FIG. 本発明の一実施形態に係る開閉支持機構を備えた車両のバックドアを示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the back door of the vehicle provided with the opening-and-closing support mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る開閉支持機構を備えた車両のバックドアを示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the back door of the vehicle provided with the opening-and-closing support mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態に係る開閉支持機構の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the opening-and-closing support mechanism which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態に係る開閉支持機構の減速機を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the reduction gear of the opening / closing support mechanism which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態に係る開閉支持機構を備えた車両のバックドアを示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the back door of the vehicle provided with the opening-and-closing support mechanism which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. 車両のバックドアの開閉位置とドア自重モーメントの関係をバックドアのスケルトンで示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the relationship between the opening / closing position of the back door of a vehicle, and the door self-weight moment with the skeleton of a back door. 車両のバックドアの傾斜角度に応じたドア自重モーメントの変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the change of the door self-weight moment according to the inclination-angle of the back door of a vehicle.

以下、本発明の望ましい実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。先ず、図1及び図2は本発明の一実施形態に係り、支持枠等の本体に対しドア等の回転体を開閉可能に支持する開閉支持機構を示すもので、例えば図3及び図4に示すように、本体たる車体1に対し、回転体たるバックドア2を開閉可能に支持する開閉支持機構に供される。本実施形態の基本構成は、図1及び図2に示すように、回転体(バックドア2)に固定される筺体(円筒状のケース10)内に回転軸3が収容され、その両端部が夫々ケース10の側壁11,12にカラー13,14を介して回動可能に支持されており、回転軸3によってバックドア2のヒンジ軸が構成されている。そして、回転軸3の少なくとも一端部(図3の実施形態では両端部)が後述する減速機構を介して本体(車体1)に連結される。回転軸3には円筒カム4が固着されており、両者が一体的に回転するように回転軸3がケース10に支持されている。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 relate to an embodiment of the present invention, and show an opening / closing support mechanism that supports a rotating body such as a door to be opened and closed with respect to a main body such as a support frame. As shown in the figure, it is provided for an opening / closing support mechanism that supports a vehicle body 1 as a main body so that a back door 2 as a rotating body can be opened and closed. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the basic configuration of the present embodiment is that the rotating shaft 3 is accommodated in a housing (cylindrical case 10) fixed to the rotating body (back door 2), and both end portions thereof are The case 10 is rotatably supported on the side walls 11 and 12 via the collars 13 and 14, respectively, and the rotating shaft 3 constitutes the hinge shaft of the back door 2. Then, at least one end (both ends in the embodiment of FIG. 3) of the rotating shaft 3 is connected to the main body (vehicle body 1) via a reduction mechanism described later. A cylindrical cam 4 is fixed to the rotary shaft 3, and the rotary shaft 3 is supported by the case 10 so that both rotate integrally.

円筒カム4の外周面には螺旋状のカム溝4cが形成されており、このカム溝4cに嵌合するピン5pを有するスライダ5が、ケース10内で軸方向に移動可能且つ回転不能に支持されている。本実施形態のスライダ5は円筒カム4の外径より大の内径を有する環状部材であり、ピン5pは、その環状部材から中心方向に突出する突起で構成されている。即ち、図2に示すように、環状部材のスライダ5の内周面にピン5pが突出形成されているが、ピン5pを別体で形成してスライダ5の内周面に固着することとしてもよい。また、スライダ5の外周面には案内突起5sが延出形成されており、この案内突起5sが嵌合する案内溝15がケース10の側面に形成されている。これにより、スライダ5は軸方向に移動可能且つ回転不能となる。更に、ケース10内には、付勢部材として圧縮コイルばね6が収容され、スライダ5を回転軸3の軸方向に付勢するように支持されている。   A spiral cam groove 4c is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical cam 4, and a slider 5 having a pin 5p fitted into the cam groove 4c is supported in the case 10 so as to be movable in the axial direction and non-rotatable. Has been. The slider 5 of the present embodiment is an annular member having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical cam 4, and the pin 5 p is formed by a protrusion that protrudes in the center direction from the annular member. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the pin 5p is formed to protrude on the inner peripheral surface of the slider 5 of the annular member, but the pin 5p may be formed separately and fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the slider 5. Good. Further, a guide protrusion 5 s is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the slider 5, and a guide groove 15 into which the guide protrusion 5 s is fitted is formed on the side surface of the case 10. As a result, the slider 5 can move in the axial direction and cannot rotate. Further, a compression coil spring 6 is accommodated in the case 10 as an urging member, and is supported so as to urge the slider 5 in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 3.

上記のように、ピン5pがカム溝4cに案内されてスライダ5が(回転することなく)軸方向移動するように構成されているので、圧縮コイルばね6の付勢力によってスライダ5のピン5pが円筒カム4のカム溝4cに沿って移動する方向に付勢されるときの軸方向の押圧力が回転軸3の回転力に変換されることになる。尚、図1において、圧縮コイルばね6が最大限圧縮された位置(例えばバックドア2の全閉位置)のスライダ5を実線で示し、上記の軸方向移動後で圧縮コイルばね6が最大限伸長された位置(例えばバックドア2の全開位置)のスライダ5を二点鎖線で示している。   As described above, the pin 5p is guided in the cam groove 4c so that the slider 5 moves in the axial direction (without rotating). Therefore, the pin 5p of the slider 5 is moved by the urging force of the compression coil spring 6. The axial pressing force when urged in the direction of movement along the cam groove 4 c of the cylindrical cam 4 is converted into the rotational force of the rotary shaft 3. In FIG. 1, the slider 5 at the position where the compression coil spring 6 is compressed to the maximum extent (for example, the fully closed position of the back door 2) is shown by a solid line. The slider 5 at the position (for example, the fully open position of the back door 2) is indicated by a two-dot chain line.

上記の構成における円筒カム4のカム溝4cは、回転体たるバックドア2の開閉作動に伴い、バックドア2の自重によって回転軸3に付与される自重モーメントが、スライダ5及び円筒カム4を介して変換される回転軸3の回転力によるモーメントと相殺されるときのピン5pの移動軌跡に対応するように、形成されている。具体的には、図8に示すバックドア2の開閉位置と自重モーメント(Mg)の関係(Mg=Fg・sinθg・Lg)から、図9に示すバックドア2の傾斜角度(θ)に応じた自重モーメント(Mg)の変化を求め、これに応じて圧縮コイルばね6のばね定数等が設定されると共に、円筒カム4のカム溝4cが設定される。この結果、図9に実線で示す自重モーメント(Mg)に対し、破線で示すアシストトルクが付与される。尚、図8において、Fgはバックドア2の重心位置Gでの荷重の鉛直成分を示し、Lgはバックドア2の回転中心Cと重心位置Gとの間の距離を示し、θgは鉛直成分Fgとバックドア2が成す角度で、バックドア2の鉛直方向に対する傾斜角度(θ)と等しい(θ=θg)。   The cam groove 4 c of the cylindrical cam 4 having the above-described configuration causes the self-weight moment applied to the rotating shaft 3 by the self-weight of the back door 2 through the opening / closing operation of the back door 2 as the rotating body via the slider 5 and the cylindrical cam 4. It is formed so as to correspond to the movement trajectory of the pin 5p when it is canceled out with the moment due to the rotational force of the rotating shaft 3 converted. Specifically, according to the inclination angle (θ) of the back door 2 shown in FIG. 9 from the relationship (Mg = Fg · sin θg · Lg) between the opening / closing position of the back door 2 and its own weight moment (Mg) shown in FIG. The change in the self-weight moment (Mg) is obtained, and the spring constant of the compression coil spring 6 and the like are set according to this change, and the cam groove 4c of the cylindrical cam 4 is set. As a result, the assist torque indicated by the broken line is applied to the self-weight moment (Mg) indicated by the solid line in FIG. In FIG. 8, Fg represents the vertical component of the load at the center of gravity G of the back door 2, Lg represents the distance between the center of rotation C of the back door 2 and the center of gravity G, and θg is the vertical component Fg. Is equal to the inclination angle (θ) of the back door 2 with respect to the vertical direction (θ = θg).

図8及び図9から明らかなように、バックドア2の自重モーメント(Mg)はバックドア2の傾斜角度(θ)に応じて変化するので、従前のガスダンパを用いた開閉機構では、アシストトルクを自重モーメントに合致させることが困難であり、両者の差分を操作力として付加する必要がある。これに対し、本実施形態によれば、円筒カム4のカム溝4cを適宜設定することにより、図9に示すように、バックドア2の傾斜角度(θ)に応じてアシストトルク(破線)を自重モーメント(Mg)に合致させることができるので、バックドア2の全ての開度(角度θ)において開閉時の操作力を軽減することができる。   As apparent from FIGS. 8 and 9, the self-weight moment (Mg) of the back door 2 changes according to the inclination angle (θ) of the back door 2. It is difficult to match the self-weight moment, and the difference between the two needs to be added as an operation force. On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, by appropriately setting the cam groove 4c of the cylindrical cam 4, as shown in FIG. 9, the assist torque (broken line) is applied according to the inclination angle (θ) of the back door 2. Since it is possible to match the self-weight moment (Mg), the operating force at the time of opening and closing can be reduced at all the opening degrees (angle θ) of the back door 2.

更に、本実施形態では、図3及び図4に示すように、回転軸3の両端部とバックドア2との間に、回転軸3の回転出力を減速する減速機構として、要部31fにて車体1に固定される扇形のセクタギヤ31と、これに噛合するように配置され回転軸3の両端部に固着された出力ギヤ32による歯車減速機構が配設されている。この歯車減速機構によって回転軸3の回転速度を減速して出力することができるので、回転軸3の回転数を減速比に反比例するように設定することができ、回転軸3を一回転以上回転駆動することができる。従って、必要とする回転軸3の回転力を確保するに当たり、スライダ5に対する軸方向の押圧力を小さく設定することができ、ひいては圧縮コイルばね6の付勢力を小さく設定することができるので、開閉支持機構全体として小型化が可能となる。尚、上記減速機構を構成するセクタギヤ31及び出力ギヤ32は回転軸3の一端部側のみに設けることとしてもよい。   Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a main part 31 f is used as a speed reduction mechanism for reducing the rotational output of the rotary shaft 3 between the both ends of the rotary shaft 3 and the back door 2. A gear speed reduction mechanism is provided that includes a sector-shaped sector gear 31 fixed to the vehicle body 1 and output gears 32 arranged so as to mesh with the sector gear 31 and fixed to both ends of the rotary shaft 3. Since the gear speed reduction mechanism can reduce and output the rotation speed of the rotary shaft 3, the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 3 can be set to be inversely proportional to the reduction ratio, and the rotary shaft 3 can be rotated one or more times. Can be driven. Therefore, in order to secure the necessary rotational force of the rotary shaft 3, the axial pressing force against the slider 5 can be set small, and consequently the biasing force of the compression coil spring 6 can be set small. The entire support mechanism can be reduced in size. The sector gear 31 and the output gear 32 that constitute the speed reduction mechanism may be provided only on one end side of the rotating shaft 3.

図5乃至図7は、本発明の他の実施形態に係る開閉支持機構を示すもので、図1乃至図4に示す実施形態と実質的に同一の構成については同一の符合を付している。本実施形態においては、図1乃至図4に示す構成に加え、上記の減速機構(31,32)とは独立して、ケース10内に収容される電動モータ41と、その回転出力を減速するモータ減速機構42を備えた駆動源が配置され、回転軸3を回転駆動するように構成されている。   FIGS. 5 to 7 show an opening / closing support mechanism according to another embodiment of the present invention, and components substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals. . In the present embodiment, in addition to the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the electric motor 41 accommodated in the case 10 and the rotational output thereof are decelerated independently of the speed reduction mechanism (31, 32). A drive source including a motor speed reduction mechanism 42 is disposed, and is configured to rotationally drive the rotary shaft 3.

而して、本実施形態によれば、圧縮コイルばね6の付勢力による回転軸3の回転力だけでなく、電動モータ41とモータ減速機構42による回転力を付加することができるので、圧縮コイルばね6等を小型とすることができ、ひいては開閉支持機構全体として小型化が可能となる。しかも、電動モータ41を適宜駆動制御することによってバックドア2を自動的に開閉するように構成することも可能となる。   Thus, according to the present embodiment, not only the rotational force of the rotary shaft 3 due to the urging force of the compression coil spring 6 but also the rotational force of the electric motor 41 and the motor speed reduction mechanism 42 can be added. The spring 6 and the like can be reduced in size, and as a result, the entire opening / closing support mechanism can be reduced in size. Moreover, it is possible to automatically open and close the back door 2 by appropriately controlling the driving of the electric motor 41.

更に、バックドア2に対し一対の開閉支持機構を左右に配設する構成とし、例えば図7に示すように、両者の電動モータ41側が対向するように配置すると共に、両者の電動モータ41を個別に制御する構成とすれば、小型の電動モータを用いることができ、個々の開閉支持機構の小型化が可能となる。   Further, a pair of opening and closing support mechanisms are arranged on the left and right sides with respect to the back door 2, and for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the two electric motors 41 are arranged so that the two electric motors 41 face each other. If the configuration is controlled so that a small electric motor can be used, it is possible to reduce the size of each open / close support mechanism.

1 車体(本体)
2 バックドア(回転体)
3 回転軸
4 円筒カム
5 スライダ
6 圧縮コイルばね(付勢部材)
10 ケース(筺体)
31 セクタギヤ
32 出力ギヤ
41 電動モータ
42 モータ減速機構
1 Body (body)
2 Back door (rotary body)
3 Rotating shaft 4 Cylindrical cam 5 Slider 6 Compression coil spring (biasing member)
10 Case (Housing)
31 Sector Gear 32 Output Gear 41 Electric Motor 42 Motor Reduction Mechanism

Claims (8)

本体に対し開閉可能に支持する回転体の開閉支持機構において、前記回転体に固定する筺体と、該筺体内に収容し両端部を回動可能に支持すると共に少なくとも一端部を前記本体に連結する回転軸と、該回転軸と一体的に回転し外周面に螺旋状のカム溝を有する円筒カムと、該円筒カムのカム溝に嵌合するピンを有し、前記筺体内で前記回転軸に対し軸方向に移動可能且つ回転不能に支持するスライダと、該スライダを前記回転軸の軸方向に付勢するように前記筺体に支持する付勢部材とを備え、前記回転体の開閉作動に伴い、前記回転体の自重によって前記回転軸に付与される自重モーメントが、前記スライダ及び前記円筒カムを介して変換される前記回転軸の回転力による回転モーメントと相殺されるときの前記ピンの移動軌跡に対応するように、前記円筒カムのカム溝が形成されており、前記付勢部材の付勢力によって前記スライダのピンが前記円筒カムのカム溝に沿って移動する方向に付勢されるときの軸方向の押圧力が前記回転軸の回転力に変換されることを特徴とする開閉支持機構。 In the opening / closing support mechanism of the rotating body that is supported to be openable / closable with respect to the main body, the housing fixed to the rotating body, the housing is accommodated in the housing and both ends are rotatably supported, and at least one end is connected to the main body. A rotating shaft; a cylindrical cam that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft and has a helical cam groove on the outer peripheral surface; and a pin that fits into the cam groove of the cylindrical cam; And a slider for supporting the slider in an axially movable and non-rotatable manner, and a biasing member for supporting the slider in the axial direction of the rotary shaft so as to open and close the rotary body. The movement trajectory of the pin when a self-weight moment applied to the rotary shaft by the dead weight of the rotating body is canceled out by a rotary moment due to a rotational force of the rotary shaft converted through the slider and the cylindrical cam. Corresponding to As such, the and cam groove of the cylindrical cam is formed, in the axial direction when the pins of the slider by the biasing force of the biasing member is biased in a direction to move along the cam groove of the cylindrical cam An opening / closing support mechanism, wherein a pressing force is converted into a rotational force of the rotating shaft. 前記回転体の重心位置での荷重の鉛直成分をFgとし、前記回転体の回転中心と重心位置との間の距離をLgとし、前記鉛直成分と前記回転体が成す角度をθgとし、前記自重モーメントをMgとしたときの、前記回転体の位置と前記自重モーメントの関係(Mg=Fg・sinθg・Lg)に基づき、前記円筒カムのカム溝が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の開閉支持機構。 The vertical component of the load at the center of gravity of the rotating body is Fg, the distance between the center of rotation of the rotating body and the center of gravity is Lg, the angle formed by the vertical component and the rotating body is θg, 2. The cam groove of the cylindrical cam is formed on the basis of the relationship between the position of the rotating body and the self-weight moment (Mg = Fg · sin θg · Lg) when the moment is Mg. The opening / closing support mechanism described. 前記スライダは、前記円筒カムの外径より大の内径を有する環状部材であって、前記ピンは、前記環状部材から中心方向に突出する突起であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の開閉支持機構。   3. The slider according to claim 1, wherein the slider is an annular member having an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter of the cylindrical cam, and the pin is a protrusion protruding in the center direction from the annular member. Opening and closing support mechanism. 前記付勢部材は、前記筺体の一端側と前記スライダとの間に介装する圧縮コイルばねであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れか一項に記載の開閉支持機構。   4. The opening / closing support mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the biasing member is a compression coil spring interposed between one end side of the housing and the slider. 5. 前記回転軸の一端部と前記本体との間に介装し、前記回転軸の回転出力を減速する減速機構を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4の何れか一項に記載の開閉支持機構。   The opening / closing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a reduction mechanism that is interposed between one end of the rotation shaft and the main body and decelerates the rotation output of the rotation shaft. Support mechanism. 前記減速機構とは独立して配置し、前記回転軸を回転駆動する駆動源を備えたことを特徴とする請求項5記載の開閉支持機構。   The opening / closing support mechanism according to claim 5, further comprising a drive source that is arranged independently of the speed reduction mechanism and that rotationally drives the rotating shaft. 前記駆動源は、前記筺体内に収容する電動モータと、該電動モータの回転出力を減速するモータ減速機構を備えたことを特徴とする請求項6記載の開閉支持機構。   The opening / closing support mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the drive source includes an electric motor housed in the housing and a motor speed reduction mechanism for reducing a rotational output of the electric motor. 前記本体が車体で、前記回転体が車両のバックドアであって、該バックドアのヒンジ軸を前記回転軸で構成することを特徴とする請求項1乃至7の何れか一項に記載の開閉支持機構。   The opening and closing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the main body is a vehicle body, the rotating body is a back door of the vehicle, and a hinge shaft of the back door is configured by the rotation shaft. Support mechanism.
JP2012187123A 2012-08-28 2012-08-28 Opening and closing support mechanism of rotating body Expired - Fee Related JP6098067B2 (en)

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