JP6069412B2 - Simple electrolytic hydrogen gas generator - Google Patents

Simple electrolytic hydrogen gas generator Download PDF

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JP6069412B2
JP6069412B2 JP2015108526A JP2015108526A JP6069412B2 JP 6069412 B2 JP6069412 B2 JP 6069412B2 JP 2015108526 A JP2015108526 A JP 2015108526A JP 2015108526 A JP2015108526 A JP 2015108526A JP 6069412 B2 JP6069412 B2 JP 6069412B2
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hydrogen gas
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water
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JP2016222955A (en
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中村　寅雄
寅雄 中村
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TR & K CORP.
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

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Description

本発明は、イオン交換膜を用いて水を電気分解し水素ガスを発生する装置、特に、循環ポンプ等の大掛かりな設備が不要で、一般家庭などに設置して簡易に使用することができる小型の電解式水素ガス発生装置に関するものである。   The present invention eliminates the need for large equipment such as a circulation pump, which is an apparatus that electrolyzes water using an ion exchange membrane to generate hydrogen gas, and can be easily installed and used in a general household. The present invention relates to an electrolytic hydrogen gas generator.

水の電気分解により水素ガスを発生させ、この水素ガスを食品や飲料品に溶解させたり体内に直接吸入したりすることで、過酸化物の還元を行う、あるいは食品等の酸化による劣化を防止する方法が、従来から知られている。一例として、特開２００４−３５０５３８号公報には、水で満たした電気分解槽の内部をイオン交換膜（固体高分子膜）により２つに分割し、イオン交換膜の両面に直流電圧を印加して陰極側から水素ガスを発生させ、その水素ガスをコップ内の液体飲料に溶解する装置が開示されている。   Hydrogen is generated by electrolysis of water, and this hydrogen gas is dissolved in foods and beverages or directly inhaled into the body to reduce peroxides or prevent deterioration of foods due to oxidation The method of doing is known conventionally. As an example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-350538 discloses that an electrolysis tank filled with water is divided into two by an ion exchange membrane (solid polymer membrane), and a DC voltage is applied to both surfaces of the ion exchange membrane. An apparatus for generating hydrogen gas from the cathode side and dissolving the hydrogen gas in a liquid beverage in a cup is disclosed.

また、特開２０１４−１９９５０号公報には、イオン交換膜とその両面にそれぞれ密着する一対の電極板により電気分解板を構成し、電気分解板を仕切板として両側に水素ガス発生槽及び酸素ガス発生槽を設けた卓上型水素ガス発生装置が開示されている。この卓上型水素ガス発生装置は、純水を電気分解して、発生した水素ガスを体内への吸引、科学実験等に利用する装置であって、図６にその概要を示す。
図６において、電気分解槽１にはイオン交換膜を一対の電極板で挟んだ電気分解板２０が設置され、電気分解槽１は、陰極側の水素ガス発生槽１Ｈと陽極側の酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏとに分割される。Ａ部拡大図に示すとおり、電気分解板２０は、イオン交換膜ＩＥの両面に孔の開いた網目状の電極板２Ｐ、２Ｍを密着させたもので、イオン交換膜及び２枚の電極板は、樹脂製のリベット２１でかしめることにより一体的に結合される。水素ガス発生槽１Ｈ側の電極板２Ｍは直流電源の−側に、酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏ側の電極板２Ｐは直流電源の＋側にそれぞれ接続される。 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2014-19950 discloses an electrolysis plate composed of an ion exchange membrane and a pair of electrode plates that are in close contact with both sides thereof, and a hydrogen gas generation tank and oxygen gas are formed on both sides using the electrolysis plate as a partition plate. A desktop hydrogen gas generator provided with a generation tank is disclosed. This desktop hydrogen gas generator is an apparatus that electrolyzes pure water and uses the generated hydrogen gas for suction into the body, scientific experiments, etc., and its outline is shown in FIG.
In FIG. 6, an electrolysis plate 20 in which an ion exchange membrane is sandwiched between a pair of electrode plates is installed in the electrolysis tank 1, and the electrolysis tank 1 includes a hydrogen gas generation tank 1H on the cathode side and an oxygen gas generation on the anode side. Divided into a tank 1O. As shown in the enlarged view of the part A, the electrolysis plate 20 is a plate in which mesh-like electrode plates 2P and 2M having holes are adhered to both surfaces of the ion exchange membrane IE. The ion exchange membrane and the two electrode plates are These are integrally joined by caulking with a resin rivet 21. The electrode plate 2M on the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H side is connected to the negative side of the DC power source, and the electrode plate 2P on the oxygen gas generation tank 1O side is connected to the positive side of the DC power source.

電気分解によって水素ガス発生槽１Ｈに生成された水素ガスは、水素ガス取出し管ＰＨを経由して洗浄ビン３に導かれる。洗浄ビン３には所定の水位となるように浄水が入れられており、水素ガス取出し管ＨＰは、洗浄ビン３の底部付近に開口するので、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈの水素ガスには水圧によって一定の圧力が作用している。洗浄ビン３の上部に溜まった水素ガスは、抽出管４から体内への吸入等使用目的に応じて送出される。また、電気分解槽１に純水を供給するための給水タンク５が設置されており、給水タンク５の底部は、連通管により水素ガス発生槽１Ｈ及び酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏの底部とそれぞれ連結されている。   The hydrogen gas generated in the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H by the electrolysis is guided to the cleaning bottle 3 via the hydrogen gas take-out pipe PH. The cleaning bottle 3 is filled with purified water so as to have a predetermined water level, and the hydrogen gas extraction pipe HP opens near the bottom of the cleaning bottle 3, so that the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H is constant depending on the water pressure. Pressure is acting. The hydrogen gas accumulated in the upper part of the washing bottle 3 is sent out from the extraction tube 4 according to the purpose of use such as inhalation into the body. Further, a water supply tank 5 for supplying pure water to the electrolysis tank 1 is installed, and the bottom of the water supply tank 5 is connected to the bottom of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H and the oxygen gas generation tank 1O by a communication pipe. ing.

ところで、電気分解板２０に直流電圧を印加し電気分解を行う過程では、電気泳動によって酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏの純水が水素ガス発生槽１Ｈに移動したり、電気分解板２０で発生する熱により電気分解槽１内の純水が蒸発したりして、両方のガス発生槽に水位差が生じる。そして、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈに加わる圧力（洗浄ビン３の水中への放出に伴う背圧）は、底部の連通管を介して酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏにも作用し、水位差が大きくなると酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏから純水が溢れる恐れがある。
水素ガス発生槽１Ｈの圧力に対抗するため、酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏの上部には、ステンレス等の鋼球ＢＬを用いた保圧弁（逆止弁）が弁座ＶＳに接するようにして設置されており、酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏの圧力が所定の値となって鋼球ＢＬを押し上げるまで、酸素ガスの放出を防止している。これにより、両方のガス発生槽の水位をバランスさせて、過剰の水位差に起因して酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏから純水が溢れるのを防いでいる。 By the way, in the process of applying a DC voltage to the electrolysis plate 20 to perform electrolysis, the pure water in the oxygen gas generation tank 1O moves to the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H by electrophoresis, or by heat generated in the electrolysis plate 20. The pure water in the electrolysis tank 1 evaporates, causing a difference in water level between both gas generation tanks. The pressure applied to the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H (back pressure associated with the discharge of the cleaning bottle 3 into the water) also acts on the oxygen gas generation tank 1O through the bottom communication pipe, and the oxygen gas increases when the water level difference increases. There is a possibility that pure water overflows from the generation tank 1O.
In order to counter the pressure of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H, a pressure holding valve (check valve) using a steel ball BL such as stainless steel is installed on the upper part of the oxygen gas generation tank 1O in contact with the valve seat VS. The release of oxygen gas is prevented until the pressure in the oxygen gas generation tank 1O reaches a predetermined value and pushes up the steel ball BL. As a result, the water levels of both gas generation tanks are balanced to prevent the pure water from overflowing from the oxygen gas generation tank 1O due to an excessive water level difference.

特開２００４−３５０５３８号公報JP 2004-350538 A 特開２０１４−１９９５０号公報JP 2014-19950 A

図６の水素ガス発生装置は、イオン交換膜を用いて純水を電気分解するものであり、純水を使用するため不純物の析出等に起因する装置の劣化が生じることはなく、耐用年数の長い装置である。また、循環ポンプ等の大掛かりな設備が不要な小型の装置であって、一般家庭などの使用に好適であるが、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈと酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏとの水位のバランスについて、次のような問題点がある。   The hydrogen gas generator shown in FIG. 6 electrolyzes pure water using an ion exchange membrane, and since pure water is used, the apparatus does not deteriorate due to precipitation of impurities and the like. It is a long device. Further, it is a small device that does not require large-scale equipment such as a circulation pump, and is suitable for use in general households. The balance of the water levels in the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H and the oxygen gas generation tank 1O is as follows. There are some problems.

図６の水素ガス発生装置では、酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏの上部に鋼球ＢＬを用いた保圧弁が設置されている。この保圧弁は、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈの圧力に対抗するよう、電気分解で生じた酸素ガスの大気中への開放を阻止して、純水の過剰な水位上昇を抑えるものであるけれども、鋼球ＢＬ及びその弁座ＶＳの加工が複雑であるとともに、その開放圧力の設定が困難である。つまり、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈの圧力は、電気分解による水素ガスの発生量や洗浄ビン３からの水素ガスの抽出量により変動し、電気分解に伴って生じる熱による純水の蒸発量によっても変動する。そのため、例えば、鋼球ＢＬの重さを変更しながら保圧弁の開放圧力を調整する作業は、作業者の熟練と時間を要するものとなる。
本発明の課題は、簡易な構造により水素ガス発生槽と酸素ガス発生槽との間に過度な水位差が生じないようにして、上述の問題点を解決することにある。 In the hydrogen gas generator of FIG. 6, a pressure-holding valve using a steel ball BL is installed on the upper part of the oxygen gas generation tank 1O. This pressure holding valve prevents the oxygen gas generated by electrolysis from being released into the atmosphere to counter the pressure of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H, and suppresses an excessive rise in the level of pure water. The processing of the sphere BL and its valve seat VS is complicated, and it is difficult to set the opening pressure. That is, the pressure in the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H varies depending on the amount of hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis and the amount of hydrogen gas extracted from the cleaning bottle 3, and also varies depending on the evaporation amount of pure water due to heat generated by electrolysis. To do. Therefore, for example, the operation of adjusting the opening pressure of the pressure holding valve while changing the weight of the steel ball BL requires the skill and time of the operator.
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems by preventing an excessive water level difference between a hydrogen gas generation tank and an oxygen gas generation tank with a simple structure.

上記の課題に鑑み、本発明は、イオン交換膜を用いて水を電気分解し水素ガスを発生させる水素ガス発生装置において、水素ガス発生槽及び酸素ガス発生槽の底部を、開閉弁を備えた連通管で連結し、その開閉弁を、水素ガス発生装置の稼働時には閉鎖するとともに稼働終了時には所定時間開放することにより、酸素ガス発生槽に保圧弁を設けることなく両方のガス発生槽の水位のバランスを図るものである。すなわち、本発明は
「イオン交換膜により仕切られた電気分解槽に水を貯留し、前記イオン交換膜の両面にそれぞれ設置した陽極電極及び陰極電極の間に直流電圧を印加して水の電気分解を行い、陰極電極から水素ガスを発生させる水素ガス発生装置であって、
前記電気分解槽は、前記イオン交換膜により、陽極電極側の酸素ガス発生槽と陰極電極側の水素ガス発生槽とに分割されるとともに、前記水素ガス発生槽に発生した水素ガスが、水の貯留された洗浄ビンの底部に導かれ、前記洗浄ビンの上部から取り出されるように構成され、さらに、
前記水素ガス発生槽は、水を貯留した給水タンクと連通管で連結され、かつ、前記水素ガス発生槽及び前記給水タンクの上部が、それぞれ開放用開閉弁を介して大気と連通され、
前記酸素ガス発生槽の上部が常時大気中に開放され、かつ、前記酸素ガス発生槽の底部と前記水素ガス発生槽の底部が水位調整用開閉弁を備えた連通管で連結されており、
前記水位調整用開閉弁は、陽極電極及び陰極電極に直流電圧が印加されて電気分解が行われるときは閉弁し、電気分解が終了したときは、前記酸素ガス発生槽と前記水素ガス発生槽の水位が同一となるよう所定時間開弁し、
前記開放用開閉弁は、前記水位調整用開閉弁が閉弁するときには閉弁し、開弁するときには開弁するよう制御される」
ことを特徴とする水素ガス発生装置となっている。 In view of the above problems, the present invention is a hydrogen gas generator that electrolyzes water using an ion exchange membrane to generate hydrogen gas, and includes an open / close valve at the bottom of the hydrogen gas generation tank and the oxygen gas generation tank. Connected with a communication pipe, the open / close valve is closed when the hydrogen gas generator is in operation and opened for a predetermined time at the end of operation, so that the water level of both gas generation tanks can be reduced without providing a holding valve in the oxygen gas generation tank. It is intended to balance. In other words, the present invention “retains water in an electrolysis tank partitioned by an ion exchange membrane and applies a DC voltage between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode respectively installed on both surfaces of the ion exchange membrane to electrolyze the water. A hydrogen gas generator for generating hydrogen gas from the cathode electrode,
The electrolysis tank is divided into an oxygen gas generation tank on the anode electrode side and a hydrogen gas generation tank on the cathode electrode side by the ion exchange membrane, and the hydrogen gas generated in the hydrogen gas generation tank is water. is led to the bottom of the pooled wash bottle, is configured to be removed from the top of the wash bottle, further,
The hydrogen gas generation tank is connected to a water supply tank storing water through a communication pipe, and the hydrogen gas generation tank and the upper part of the water supply tank are communicated with the atmosphere through open / close valves, respectively.
The upper portion of the oxygen gas generation tank is opened at all times in the air, and are connected by a communicating pipe bottom of the hydrogen gas generation tank and a bottom portion of the oxygen gas generating tank with a water level adjusting opening and closing valve,
The water level adjusting on-off valve is closed when a DC voltage is applied to the anode electrode and the cathode electrode and electrolysis is performed, and when the electrolysis is finished, the oxygen gas generation tank and the hydrogen gas generation tank Open for a predetermined time so that the water level of
The opening / closing valve is controlled to close when the water level adjusting opening / closing valve is closed and to open when the valve is opened. "
This is a hydrogen gas generator characterized by this.

請求項２に記載のように、前記酸素ガス発生槽の上方には、前記酸素ガス発生槽の上部と大気とに開口する放出筒を立設することが好ましい。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that a discharge cylinder is provided above the oxygen gas generation tank so as to open to the upper part of the oxygen gas generation tank and the atmosphere.

また、請求項３に記載のように、前記洗浄ビンに空気ポンプから空気を供給し、前記水素ガス発生槽から導かれた水素ガスを、空気の混合された状態で前記洗浄ビンの上部から取り出すよう構成することができる。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, air is supplied from an air pump to the cleaning bottle, and the hydrogen gas introduced from the hydrogen gas generation tank is taken out from the upper portion of the cleaning bottle in a mixed state of air. It can be configured as follows.

本発明の水素ガス発生装置は、イオン交換膜により仕切られた電気分解槽に水を入れ、イオン交換膜の両面に取り付けた一対の電極間に電流を流して水の電気分解を行い、陰極電極から水素ガスを発生させるものである。イオン交換膜を用いた小型の装置であって、電気分解する水として純水を使用できるため、耐用年数も長い。
そして、本発明の水素ガス発生装置では、電気分解槽における陽極側の酸素ガス発生槽の上部が常時大気中に開放され、かつ、その酸素ガス発生槽の底部と陰極側の水素ガス発生槽の底部が水位調整用開閉弁を備えた連通管で連結されている。図６の水素ガス発生装置のように、酸素ガス発生槽に鋼球を用いた保圧弁を設置するものではないので、鋼球や弁座等が不要で構造及び加工が簡易化され、保圧弁の開放圧力を調整する面倒な作業も必要としない。 The hydrogen gas generator according to the present invention performs water electrolysis by flowing water between a pair of electrodes attached to both surfaces of an ion exchange membrane by putting water in an electrolysis tank partitioned by an ion exchange membrane, From which hydrogen gas is generated. This is a small device using an ion exchange membrane, and since pure water can be used as electrolyzed water, it has a long service life.
In the hydrogen gas generator of the present invention, the upper part of the anode-side oxygen gas generation tank in the electrolysis tank is always open to the atmosphere, and the bottom of the oxygen gas generation tank and the cathode-side hydrogen gas generation tank The bottoms are connected by a communication pipe provided with a water level adjusting on-off valve. Unlike the hydrogen gas generator shown in FIG. 6, a pressure holding valve using a steel ball is not installed in the oxygen gas generating tank, so that the structure and processing are simplified without the need for a steel ball or a valve seat, and the pressure holding valve. The troublesome work of adjusting the opening pressure is not required.

本発明の水素ガス発生装置においては、酸素ガス発生槽の底部と水素ガス発生槽の底部とが、水位調整用開閉弁の設置された連通管で連結されており、水位調整用開閉弁は、陽極電極及び陰極電極に直流電圧が印加されて電気分解が行われるとき、つまり、水素ガス発生装置の稼働中には閉鎖される。そのため、電気分解で発生した水素ガスが洗浄ビンの水中に放出され、水素ガスのいわば背圧が水素ガス発生槽に作用していても、水素ガス発生槽の圧力が酸素ガス発生槽に及ぶことはなく、酸素ガス発生槽の水が溢れるような事態は生じない。
水位調整用開閉弁は、電気分解が終了し水素ガス発生装置の稼働が停止したときに開放される。電気分解中には、電気泳動による水の移動あるいは熱による水の蒸発などに起因して、酸素ガス発生槽の水位と水素ガス発生槽の水位との間に差が生じるが、この水位差は、水位調整用開閉弁の開放後、一定の時間が経過すると解消される。電気分解中に生じる水位差は、水素ガス発生装置の通常の稼働時間であればそれほど大きな値ではなく、稼働開始時に水素ガス発生槽の上方に適当な空間を残すよう水を充填すると、十分に水素ガス発生槽からの溢れを防止することができる。水位調整用開閉弁としては、開閉制御が容易で応答性の優れた電磁弁（ソレノイドバルブ）を使用するのが好ましい。 In the hydrogen gas generation device of the present invention, the bottom of the oxygen gas generation tank and the bottom of the hydrogen gas generation tank are connected by a communication pipe in which a water level adjustment on / off valve is installed. When the direct current voltage is applied to the anode electrode and the cathode electrode and the electrolysis is performed, that is, during the operation of the hydrogen gas generator, it is closed. Therefore, even if hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis is released into the water of the cleaning bottle and the back pressure of hydrogen gas acts on the hydrogen gas generation tank, the pressure of the hydrogen gas generation tank reaches the oxygen gas generation tank. There is no such a situation that the oxygen gas generation tank overflows.
The water level adjusting on-off valve is opened when the electrolysis is completed and the operation of the hydrogen gas generator is stopped. During electrolysis, there is a difference between the water level in the oxygen gas generation tank and the water level in the hydrogen gas generation tank due to the movement of water by electrophoresis or the evaporation of water by heat. After the opening / closing valve for adjusting the water level is opened, the problem is solved after a certain time has elapsed. The difference in water level generated during electrolysis is not so large during the normal operation time of the hydrogen gas generator, and it is sufficient if water is filled to leave an appropriate space above the hydrogen gas generation tank at the start of operation. Overflow from the hydrogen gas generation tank can be prevented. As the water level adjusting on-off valve, it is preferable to use an electromagnetic valve (solenoid valve) that is easy to control on-off and has excellent responsiveness.

また、本発明の水素ガス発生装置では、電気分解中に消費される水の補充のため、イオン交換膜を備える電気分解槽とは別に、水を貯留した給水タンクを設置して水素ガス発生槽に連通管で連結する。そして、発生する水素ガスに圧力を加えるよう、装置の稼働中には給水タンクが密閉された状態としているが、この構成においては、装置の稼働停止時に水位調整用開閉弁の開放したときに、給水タンク、水素ガス発生槽及び酸素ガス発生槽の水位が同一となるまでに相当の時間を要する（一般的に開閉弁の通路は細く流体抵抗が大きい）。
そのため、本発明では、給水タンク及び水素ガス発生槽の上部を、それぞれ開放用開閉弁を介して大気と連通する。そして、水位調整用開閉弁の開閉と合わせて両方の開放用開閉弁が開閉するように制御する。これにより、水素ガス発生装置の稼働停止時に水位調整用開閉弁を開放したときには、給水タンク及び水素ガス発生槽の上部も大気と連通し、給水タンク、水素ガス発生槽及び酸素ガス発生槽の水位が短時間で揃うこととなる。開放用開閉弁としては、やはり電磁弁の使用が好ましい。 Further, in the hydrogen gas generation apparatus of the present invention, in order to replenish water consumed during electrolysis, a hydrogen gas generation tank is provided by installing a water supply tank storing water separately from an electrolysis tank having an ion exchange membrane. Connect with a communication pipe . The water supply tank is sealed during operation of the device so as to apply pressure to the generated hydrogen gas . In this configuration, when the on / off valve for water level adjustment is opened when the operation of the device is stopped, In addition, it takes a considerable amount of time until the water levels in the water supply tank, the hydrogen gas generation tank, and the oxygen gas generation tank become the same (generally, the passage of the on-off valve is thin and the fluid resistance is large).
Therefore, in this invention , the upper part of a water supply tank and a hydrogen gas generation tank is each connected with air | atmosphere via the opening-closing on-off valve. Then, control is performed so that both the opening and closing valves are opened and closed together with the opening and closing of the water level adjusting opening and closing valve. As a result, when the water level adjustment on / off valve is opened when the hydrogen gas generator is shut down, the upper portions of the water supply tank and hydrogen gas generation tank are also communicated with the atmosphere, and the water levels of the water supply tank, hydrogen gas generation tank and oxygen gas generation tank are Will be completed in a short time. As the opening / closing valve, an electromagnetic valve is preferably used.

請求項２の発明は、酸素ガス発生槽の上方に放出筒を立設して、酸素ガス発生槽の上部を大気に開放するものである。電気分解中には、イオン交換膜に流れる電流により熱が発生し、酸素ガス発生槽内の水が蒸発して水蒸気が放出されるけれども、請求項３の発明においては、放出された水蒸気が放出筒の内側の通路壁面に凝結し、水となって酸素ガス発生槽内に落下する。そのため、放出された水蒸気が装置の別の個所で凝結して不具合を起こすなどの事態が回避できるとともに、蒸発による水位の低下を防止できる。 According to the invention of claim 2 , a discharge cylinder is erected above the oxygen gas generation tank, and the upper part of the oxygen gas generation tank is opened to the atmosphere. During electrolysis, heat is generated by the current flowing through the ion exchange membrane, and the water in the oxygen gas generation tank evaporates to release water vapor. In the invention of claim 3, the released water vapor is released. It condenses on the inner wall surface of the tube and becomes water and falls into the oxygen gas generation tank. Therefore, it is possible to avoid such a situation that the discharged water vapor condenses in another part of the apparatus and causes a problem, and it is possible to prevent the water level from being lowered due to evaporation.

請求項３の発明は、空気ポンプから洗浄ビンに空気を供給して、水素ガス発生槽から導かれた水素ガスに混合するものであり、このよう構成すると、可燃範囲の広い水素ガスを空気によって範囲外となるまで希釈し、水素ガスの爆発の恐れが解消される。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, air is supplied from an air pump to a cleaning bottle and mixed with hydrogen gas introduced from a hydrogen gas generation tank. With this configuration, hydrogen gas having a wide flammable range is generated by air. Dilution until out of range eliminates the danger of hydrogen gas explosion.

本発明の水素ガス発生装置の一実施例を示す全体図である。1 is an overall view showing an embodiment of a hydrogen gas generator of the present invention. 図１の水素ガス発生装置の電気分解槽の構造図である。It is a structural diagram of the electrolysis tank of the hydrogen gas generator of FIG. 図１の水素ガス発生装置のケースを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the case of the hydrogen gas generator of FIG. 図１の水素ガス発生装置の水位変化を表すグラフである。It is a graph showing the water level change of the hydrogen gas generator of FIG. 図１の水素ガス発生装置の作動を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the action | operation of the hydrogen gas generator of FIG. 従来の水素ガス発生装置の一例を示す全体図である。It is a general view which shows an example of the conventional hydrogen gas generator.

以下、図面に基づいて、本発明の水素ガス発生装置について説明する。
図１は、図６と同様に、本発明の水素ガス発生装置を概略的に示す全体図であり、図１では、図６の水素ガス発生装置の部品と対応するものについては、同一の符号を付している。図２には、本発明の水素ガス発生装置における電気分解槽の具体的な構造を斜視図等で示し、また、図３は、電気分解槽のケースの構造を示す図である。 Hereinafter, the hydrogen gas generator of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall view schematically showing the hydrogen gas generator of the present invention, similarly to FIG. 6. In FIG. 1, components corresponding to the parts of the hydrogen gas generator of FIG. Is attached. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the specific structure of the electrolysis tank in the hydrogen gas generator of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of the case of the electrolysis tank.

図１において、水を電気分解するための電気分解槽１の中間部には、イオン交換膜ＩＥが設置されており、電気分解槽１は、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈと酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏとに分割されている。電気分解槽１に純水を供給するよう、電気分解槽１と並列に給水タンク５が設置され、給水タンク５の底部を、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈの底部と酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏの底部とに連結する連結管５１が設けられる。   In FIG. 1, an ion exchange membrane IE is installed at an intermediate portion of an electrolysis tank 1 for electrolyzing water, and the electrolysis tank 1 is divided into a hydrogen gas generation tank 1H and an oxygen gas generation tank 1O. It is divided. A water supply tank 5 is installed in parallel with the electrolysis tank 1 so as to supply pure water to the electrolysis tank 1, and the bottom of the water supply tank 5 is connected to the bottom of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H and the bottom of the oxygen gas generation tank 1O. A connecting pipe 51 to be connected is provided.

一対の電極板２Ｐ、２Ｍが、イオン交換膜ＩＥの両側にそれぞれ密着するように配置してあり、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈ側の電極板２Ｍが直流電源の−側に、酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏ側の電極板２Ｐが直流電源の＋側に接続される。図２から分かるとおり、イオン交換膜ＩＥと電極板２Ｐ、２Ｍとは、一体に重ね合わせた状態で、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈと酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏのケースの周縁部などに挟み込まれて保持される。電気分解槽１の詳細な構造については、図２、図３を参照しながら後述する。   A pair of electrode plates 2P and 2M are arranged so as to be in close contact with both sides of the ion exchange membrane IE, and the electrode plate 2M on the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H side is on the negative side of the DC power source and on the oxygen gas generation tank 1O side. The electrode plate 2P is connected to the + side of the DC power source. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the ion exchange membrane IE and the electrode plates 2 </ b> P and 2 </ b> M are sandwiched and held between the peripheral portions of the cases of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1 </ b> H and the oxygen gas generation tank 1 </ b> O in a state where they are integrally overlapped. The The detailed structure of the electrolysis tank 1 will be described later with reference to FIGS.

水素ガス発生槽１Ｈのケース１ＨＣの上部には、水素ガス取出し筒１ＨＥが立設され、電気分解により生じた水素ガスは、水素ガス取出し管ＰＨ（実際には水素ガス取出し筒１ＨＥの横方向に接続される）を経由して、洗浄ビン３に導かれる。洗浄ビン３には一定水位まで清浄な水などが貯留されており、水素ガスは、その底部付近で放出される。また、洗浄ビン３には空気ポンプＡＰが接続してあり、電気分解で生じた水素ガスは、空気と混合されて抽出管４から目的の使用個所に送出される。図１の実施例では、空気ポンプＡＰからの空気は水中に放出されているが、水面から上方で放出してもよい。
なお、洗浄ビン３と連結する水素ガス取出し管ＰＨの管路は、逆止弁ＣＶが介在する分岐管路により大気と連通されている。逆止弁ＣＶは、電気分解の終了により水素ガス発生槽１Ｈが冷却されて負圧となったときに、分岐管路から大気を導入して、洗浄ビン３内の浄水などが水素ガス発生槽１Ｈに逆流するのを防止する。 A hydrogen gas take-out cylinder 1HE is erected on the upper part of the case 1HC of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H, and the hydrogen gas generated by the electrolysis is transferred to the hydrogen gas take-out pipe PH (actually in the lateral direction of the hydrogen gas take-out cylinder 1HE). To the cleaning bottle 3 via The cleaning bottle 3 stores clean water or the like up to a certain water level, and hydrogen gas is released near the bottom. In addition, an air pump AP is connected to the cleaning bottle 3, and hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis is mixed with air and sent from the extraction pipe 4 to a target use location. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the air from the air pump AP is released into the water, but may be released upward from the water surface.
Note that the pipe of the hydrogen gas take-out pipe PH connected to the cleaning bottle 3 is communicated with the atmosphere by a branch pipe through which a check valve CV is interposed. When the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H is cooled to a negative pressure due to the end of electrolysis, the check valve CV introduces air from the branch pipe, and purified water in the cleaning bottle 3 is used as a hydrogen gas generation tank. Prevent backflow to 1H.

本発明の水素ガス発生装置においては、電気分解により生じた酸素ガスは常時大気中に放出されており、そのための放出筒１ＯＥが、酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏのケース１ＯＣの上部に立設されている。放出筒１ＯＥは、所定の長さを備えた単なるパイプであるが、電気分解に伴う熱により酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏから発生する水蒸気が酸素ガス放出管１ＯＥの内壁に凝結する。凝結し液化した水は、放出筒１ＯＥから酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏ内に落下するので、純水の無駄な消費が抑止されるとともに、水蒸気が装置の他の部分で凝縮して不具合を起こすなどの事態が回避される。   In the hydrogen gas generation apparatus of the present invention, oxygen gas generated by electrolysis is always released into the atmosphere, and a discharge cylinder 1OE for the oxygen gas generation tank 1O is provided upright above the case 1OC of the oxygen gas generation tank 1O. . The discharge cylinder 1OE is a simple pipe having a predetermined length, but water vapor generated from the oxygen gas generation tank 1O condenses on the inner wall of the oxygen gas discharge pipe 1OE due to heat accompanying electrolysis. Condensed and liquefied water falls from the discharge cylinder 1OE into the oxygen gas generation tank 1O, so that wasteful consumption of pure water is suppressed and water vapor is condensed in other parts of the apparatus, causing problems. The situation is avoided.

さらに、本発明の水素ガス発生装置では、酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏの底部と水素ガス発生槽１Ｈの底部とが、水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１（電磁弁）の設置された連通管で連結される。この連通管は、図１の実施例の水素ガス発生装置では、給水タンク５の底部を、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈの底部と酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏの底部とに連結する連結管５１の一部となっている。水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１は、電極板２Ｐ、２Ｍの間に直流電圧が印加されて電気分解が行われるとき、つまり、水素ガス発生装置の稼働中には閉鎖される。
水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１が水素ガス発生装置の稼働中に閉鎖されるため、電気分解中に発生する水素ガスの圧力（洗浄ビン３の水中への放出による背圧）が酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏに及ぶことはない。したがって、酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏが大気開放されていても、その中の純水が溢れだすことは防止される。 Furthermore, in the hydrogen gas generation apparatus of the present invention, the bottom of the oxygen gas generation tank 1O and the bottom of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H are connected by a communication pipe provided with a water level adjusting on-off valve SV1 (electromagnetic valve). In the hydrogen gas generator of the embodiment of FIG. 1, this communication pipe is connected to a part of a connecting pipe 51 that connects the bottom of the water supply tank 5 to the bottom of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H and the bottom of the oxygen gas generation tank 1O. It has become. The water level adjusting on-off valve SV1 is closed when a DC voltage is applied between the electrode plates 2P and 2M to perform electrolysis, that is, during operation of the hydrogen gas generator.
Since the water level adjusting on-off valve SV1 is closed during the operation of the hydrogen gas generator, the pressure of the hydrogen gas generated during electrolysis (the back pressure due to the discharge of the cleaning bottle 3 into the water) is applied to the oxygen gas generation tank 1O. Never reach. Therefore, even if the oxygen gas generation tank 1O is opened to the atmosphere, the pure water in the oxygen gas generation tank 1O is prevented from overflowing.

電気分解中には、電気泳動による水の移動あるいは熱による水の蒸発などに起因して、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈの水位と酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏの水位との間に差が生じる。この水位差は、本発明では、電気分解が終了し水素ガス発生装置の稼働が停止したときに、水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１を所定時間開弁することによって解消される。
電気分解中に生じる水位差は、水素ガス発生装置の通常の稼働時間であればそれほど大きな値とはならない。この水位差について本出願人が実験した結果を図４に示すが、水素ガス発生装置を２時間稼働（イオン交換膜を流れる電流：１．５Ａ）した後の水位差は約２０ｍｍであり、稼働開始時に水素ガス発生槽１Ｈの上方に適当な空間を残すよう純水を充填すると、稼働中の水素ガス発生槽１Ｈからの溢れを防止することができる。 During electrolysis, a difference occurs between the water level of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H and the water level of the oxygen gas generation tank 1O due to movement of water by electrophoresis or evaporation of water by heat. In the present invention, this water level difference is eliminated by opening the water level adjusting on-off valve SV1 for a predetermined time when the electrolysis is completed and the operation of the hydrogen gas generator is stopped.
The difference in water level generated during electrolysis is not so large as long as it is a normal operation time of the hydrogen gas generator. FIG. 4 shows the result of the experiment conducted by the present applicant on this water level difference. The water level difference after the hydrogen gas generator was operated for 2 hours (current flowing through the ion exchange membrane: 1.5 A) was about 20 mm. When pure water is filled to leave an appropriate space above the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H at the start, overflow from the operating hydrogen gas generation tank 1H can be prevented.

図１に示す本発明の水素ガス発生装置の実施例においては、電気分解槽１と連なる給水タンク５の上部を、開放用開閉弁ＳＶ２（電磁弁）を介して大気と連通するとともに、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈの上部を、開放用開閉弁ＳＶ３（電磁弁）を介して大気と連通している。そして、これらの開放用開閉弁ＳＶ２、ＳＶ３を、水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１の開閉に合わせ、水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１が閉弁するときには閉弁し、開弁するときには開弁するよう制御する。これによって、稼働停止時に水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１を開放したときには、給水タンク５及び水素ガス発生槽１Ｈの上部も大気と連通するので、水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１の流路が小径であったとしても、給水タンク５、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈ及び酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏの水位が短時間で同一となる。   In the embodiment of the hydrogen gas generator of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the upper portion of the water supply tank 5 connected to the electrolysis tank 1 is communicated with the atmosphere via an opening / closing valve SV2 (solenoid valve), and the hydrogen gas The upper part of the generation tank 1H is communicated with the atmosphere via an open / close valve SV3 (solenoid valve). The opening / closing valves SV2 and SV3 are controlled so as to be opened and closed when the water level adjusting on / off valve SV1 is closed and opened when the water level adjusting on / off valve SV1 is opened. As a result, when the water level adjustment on / off valve SV1 is opened when the operation is stopped, the upper part of the water supply tank 5 and the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H are also communicated with the atmosphere, so that the flow path of the water level adjustment on / off valve SV1 has a small diameter. In addition, the water levels of the water supply tank 5, the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H, and the oxygen gas generation tank 1O become the same in a short time.

また、図１に示す本発明の水素ガス発生装置の実施例では、洗浄ビン３に空気ポンプＡＰによる空気の供給装置を取り付け、水素ガス発生装置の稼働中においては、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈから導かれた水素ガスに空気を混合する。この構成によって、水素ガスの濃度は可燃範囲外の約３％まで希釈され、水素ガスの爆発の恐れが解消される。   Further, in the embodiment of the hydrogen gas generator of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, an air supply device by an air pump AP is attached to the cleaning bottle 3, and the hydrogen gas generator 1 is introduced from the hydrogen gas generator 1H during operation of the hydrogen gas generator. Air is mixed with the hydrogen gas. With this configuration, the concentration of hydrogen gas is diluted to about 3% outside the flammable range, and the risk of hydrogen gas explosion is eliminated.

図５には、図１の水素ガス発生装置の実施例における、水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１の開閉制御等のフローチャートを示す。
水素ガス発生装置のメインスイッチが投入されると、電気分解槽１中の水位の確認などを行い、装置稼働の待機状態となるが（Ｓ１）、この状態では、水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１及び開放用開閉弁ＳＶ２、ＳＶ３は閉鎖されている。使用者が装置の稼働スイッチをＯＮとすると（Ｓ２）、電極板２Ｐ、２Ｍの間に通電が行われ電気分解が開始する（Ｓ３）。そして、洗浄ビン３において水素ガスの発生が確認されると、空気ポンプＡＰが作動して洗浄ビン３に空気が供給される（Ｓ４、Ｓ５）。この間、水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１及び開放用開閉弁ＳＶ２、ＳＶ３は閉鎖状態に保持される。 FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the open / close control of the water level adjusting on-off valve SV1 in the embodiment of the hydrogen gas generator of FIG.
When the main switch of the hydrogen gas generator is turned on, the water level in the electrolysis tank 1 is checked and the apparatus is in a standby state (S1). In this state, the water level adjusting on-off valve SV1 and the open state are opened. The on-off valves SV2 and SV3 are closed. When the user turns on the operation switch of the apparatus (S2), energization is performed between the electrode plates 2P and 2M, and electrolysis starts (S3). When the generation of hydrogen gas is confirmed in the cleaning bottle 3, the air pump AP is activated to supply air to the cleaning bottle 3 (S4, S5). During this time, the water level adjusting on-off valve SV1 and the on-off opening valves SV2, SV3 are kept closed.

水素ガス発生装置の使用者が稼働スイッチをＯＦＦしたときは（Ｓ６）、電極板２Ｐ、２Ｍの間の通電が停止されるとともに、空気ポンプＡＰが作動も停止される（Ｓ７）。そして、水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１及び開放用開閉弁ＳＶ２、ＳＶ３が開弁となり、タイマーＴＭが計時を開始する（Ｓ８）。タイマーＴＭにより計時される時間が所定の時間Ｔｏに達しないときは、水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１等が開放されたままであるが、所定の時間Ｔｏの経過が検出されたときは、水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１及び開放用開閉弁ＳＶ２、ＳＶ３が閉鎖され、待機状態に復帰する（Ｓ９）。水位調整用開閉弁ＳＶ１等を開放する所定の時間Ｔｏは、給水タンク５、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈ及び酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏの水位が同一となるまでに要する時間として、実験等により予め設定されている。   When the user of the hydrogen gas generator turns off the operation switch (S6), energization between the electrode plates 2P and 2M is stopped and the operation of the air pump AP is also stopped (S7). Then, the water level adjusting on-off valve SV1 and the on-off opening / closing valves SV2, SV3 are opened, and the timer TM starts measuring time (S8). When the time measured by the timer TM does not reach the predetermined time To, the water level adjusting on-off valve SV1 etc. remains open, but when the elapse of the predetermined time To is detected, the water level adjusting on / off valve is opened. The valve SV1 and the opening / closing valves SV2 and SV3 are closed and return to the standby state (S9). The predetermined time To for opening the water level adjusting on-off valve SV1 and the like is set in advance by experiments or the like as the time required for the water levels in the water supply tank 5, the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H, and the oxygen gas generation tank 1O to be the same. Yes.

ここで、本発明の水素ガス発生装置の図１の実施例における電気分解槽１の詳細な構造について、主に図２及び図３を参照して説明する。
図２に示すように、電気分解槽１は、中央に設置したイオン交換膜ＩＥの両側に一対の電極板２Ｐ、２Ｍを配置し、これらを、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈのケース１ＨＣと酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏのケース１ＯＣの周縁部などで一体的に挟み込んだ基本的な構造を備えている。電極板の拡大図に示すとおり、この実施例における電極板２Ｐ、２Ｍは、エキスパンドメタル等をプレス成型して製造した網目板２Ｂに電極ケーブル２Ｃを溶接したものであって、網目板２Ｂの表面には、腐食防止のための白金のコーティングが施される。 Here, the detailed structure of the electrolysis tank 1 in the embodiment of FIG. 1 of the hydrogen gas generator of the present invention will be described mainly with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 2, the electrolysis tank 1 has a pair of electrode plates 2P and 2M arranged on both sides of an ion exchange membrane IE installed in the center, and these are connected to a case 1HC of a hydrogen gas generation tank 1H and oxygen gas generation. It has a basic structure that is sandwiched integrally by the peripheral edge of the case 1OC of the tank 1O. As shown in the enlarged view of the electrode plate, the electrode plates 2P and 2M in this example are obtained by welding an electrode cable 2C to a mesh plate 2B manufactured by press molding expanded metal or the like, and the surface of the mesh plate 2B. Is coated with platinum to prevent corrosion.

水素ガス発生槽１Ｈのケース１ＨＣは、図３に詳しく示すとおり、一定の厚さを有する長方形断面の板状材に、その片面に開口する同じく長方形断面の空間部ＳＰを設けたものであって、開口部がイオン交換膜ＩＥにより閉鎖されて、長方形断面の空間部ＳＰに電気分解用の純水が貯留される。酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏのケース１ＯＣは、水素ガス発生槽のケース１ＨＣと対称的な形状を備え、両方のケースは、イオン交換膜ＩＥを挟んで背中合わせの形で結合される。結合する際には、イオン交換膜ＩＥの合わせ面からの水の漏洩を防止するようＯリングＳＬが設置され（Ａ−Ａ断面図参照）、酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏのケース１ＯＣには、ＯリングＳＬのための溝Ｇが形成してある。
これらのケースは、電気分解によるガスの発生状況を確認するため、例えば、透明な合成樹脂であるアクリル樹脂で製造するのが好ましい。 As shown in detail in FIG. 3, the case 1 HC of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1 </ b> H is obtained by providing a rectangular cross-section plate material having a certain thickness with a space SP having the same rectangular cross-section opening on one side. The opening is closed by the ion exchange membrane IE, and the pure water for electrolysis is stored in the rectangular space SP. The case 1OC of the oxygen gas generation tank 1O has a symmetrical shape with the case 1HC of the hydrogen gas generation tank, and both cases are coupled back to back with the ion exchange membrane IE interposed therebetween. At the time of bonding, an O-ring SL is installed to prevent leakage of water from the mating surface of the ion exchange membrane IE (see AA sectional view), and an O-ring is provided in the case 1OC of the oxygen gas generation tank 1O. A groove G for SL is formed.
These cases are preferably made of, for example, an acrylic resin, which is a transparent synthetic resin, in order to confirm the state of gas generation by electrolysis.

水素ガス発生槽１Ｈのケース１ＨＣには、長方形断面の空間部ＳＰの周縁部に、厚さ方向に直線状に延びる６本のリブ（突起）ＲＢが設けられ、また、中央部分にも２本のリブＲＢ（縦方向のリブで連結される）が設けられている。これらのリブＲＢは、ケース１ＨＣと一体に形成されていて、リブＲＢの開口部側の端面は、ケース１ＨＣの開口部側の面よりも僅かに引き込まれた位置に設定され（段差Ｘ）、この段差部分には、電極板２Ｍが収容される。酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏのケース１ＯＣにも、同様なリブＲＢが一体に形成されている。   The case 1HC of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H is provided with six ribs (protrusions) RB extending linearly in the thickness direction at the periphery of the rectangular space SP, and two at the center. Ribs RB (connected by longitudinal ribs). These ribs RB are formed integrally with the case 1HC, and the end surface on the opening side of the rib RB is set at a position slightly retracted from the surface on the opening side of the case 1HC (step X). The electrode plate 2M is accommodated in the step portion. A similar rib RB is also integrally formed in the case 1OC of the oxygen gas generation tank 1O.

図２に示すとおり、イオン交換膜ＩＥの両側に電極板２Ｐ、２Ｍを配置し、これらを、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈのケース１ＨＣと酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏのケース１ＯＣで挟み込んだときは、イオン交換膜ＩＥの周辺部が両方のケースの開口部側の面に挟まれて固定されると同時に、電極板２Ｐ、２Ｍの網目板部分が、リブＲＢの開口部側の端面とケースの開口部側の面との段差Ｘにそれぞれ入り込み、リブＲＢでイオン交換膜ＩＥに押し付けられる。このように、本発明の電気分解槽１では、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈのケース１ＨＣと酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏのケース１ＯＣを単に締め付けることにより、イオン交換膜ＩＥの両側に電極板２Ｐ、２Ｍを強固に密着させることができる（Ａ−Ａ断面図参照）。
つまり、本発明の電気分解槽１では、図６の電気分解槽のように、イオン交換膜の両側にリベットで電極板を固定した電気分解板を製造する必要はない。そのため、網目状の電極板に孔を開ける煩雑な作業を省くことができ、また、孔開けに伴って生じる「バリ」により極めて厚さの薄いイオン交換膜ＩＥが破損し、両方の電極板の間が短絡する恐れもなくなることとなる。 As shown in FIG. 2, when the electrode plates 2P and 2M are arranged on both sides of the ion exchange membrane IE and are sandwiched between the case 1HC of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H and the case 1OC of the oxygen gas generation tank 1O, ion exchange is performed. The peripheral part of the membrane IE is sandwiched and fixed between the surfaces on the opening side of both cases, and at the same time, the mesh plate portions of the electrode plates 2P and 2M are connected to the opening side of the rib RB and the opening side of the case. Are respectively pushed into the ion exchange membrane IE by the rib RB. Thus, in the electrolysis tank 1 of the present invention, the electrode plates 2P and 2M are firmly attached to both sides of the ion exchange membrane IE by simply fastening the case 1HC of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H and the case 1OC of the oxygen gas generation tank 1O. (Refer to AA sectional view).
That is, in the electrolysis tank 1 of the present invention, it is not necessary to manufacture an electrolysis plate in which electrode plates are fixed with rivets on both sides of the ion exchange membrane, unlike the electrolysis bath of FIG. Therefore, it is possible to omit the troublesome work of making a hole in the mesh electrode plate, and the “thickness” caused by the hole making breaks the extremely thin ion exchange membrane IE, and the gap between both electrode plates is There is no risk of a short circuit.

さらに、本発明の電気分解槽１では、図２に示すとおり、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈのケース１ＨＣと酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏのケース１ＯＣとの裏側（イオン交換膜ＩＥと接する開口部の反対側）に、それぞれアルミニウム製の放熱板ＲＤが設けられている。この放熱板ＲＤは、ケース１ＨＣ、１ＯＣと同一形状をなす板材の表面に、縦方向に延びる多数の放熱フィンＲＦを一体に形成したもので、ケース１ＨＣ等の裏側の壁Ｗ（図３）に密着して取り付けられる。   Furthermore, in the electrolysis tank 1 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the back side of the case 1HC of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H and the case 1OC of the oxygen gas generation tank 1O (the opposite side of the opening in contact with the ion exchange membrane IE) Each is provided with a heat sink RD made of aluminum. The heat radiating plate RD is formed by integrally forming a number of heat radiating fins RF extending in the vertical direction on the surface of a plate material having the same shape as the cases 1HC and 1OC. Installed in close contact.

電気分解を利用する水素ガス発生装置では、電気分解に伴う発熱によって純水が蒸発するが、本発明では、その熱の大気中への放熱が放熱板ＲＤによって促進され、電気分解槽１の温度上昇が抑制される。したがって、水素ガス発生装置における熱的障害を回避できるとともに、純水の無駄な消費も回避できる。
また、アルミニウム製の放熱板ＲＤを水素ガス発生槽１Ｈのケース１ＨＣ等の裏側に取り付けることにより、アクリル製のケース１ＨＣ等が補強され、電気分解槽１の強度及び剛性が増加する。そのため、ケース１ＨＣ等の裏側の壁Ｗの厚さを小さくすることが可能となり、放熱板ＲＤへの熱伝達が良好となる。イオン交換膜ＩＥを挟んで対称的に配置される、水素ガス発生槽１Ｈのケース１ＨＣ及び放熱板ＲＤと酸素ガス発生槽１Ｏのケース１ＯＣ及び放熱板ＲＤとは、ケースの周縁部に設置した、全体を貫通する通しボルト等を用いて一体的に締結される（図２の組立図参照）。 In a hydrogen gas generator using electrolysis, pure water evaporates due to heat generated by electrolysis, but in the present invention, the heat radiation to the atmosphere is promoted by the radiator plate RD, and the temperature of the electrolysis tank 1 is increased. The rise is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a thermal failure in the hydrogen gas generator and to avoid wasteful consumption of pure water.
Moreover, by attaching the aluminum heat sink RD to the back side of the case 1HC of the hydrogen gas generation tank 1H, the acrylic case 1HC is reinforced, and the strength and rigidity of the electrolysis tank 1 are increased. Therefore, the thickness of the wall W on the back side of the case 1HC and the like can be reduced, and heat transfer to the heat sink RD is improved. The case 1HC and the heat radiating plate RD of the hydrogen gas generating tank 1H and the case 1OC and the heat radiating plate RD of the oxygen gas generating tank 1O, which are arranged symmetrically with the ion exchange membrane IE interposed therebetween, are installed at the peripheral edge of the case. It is fastened integrally using a through bolt or the like penetrating the whole (see the assembly drawing in FIG. 2).

以上詳述したように、本発明は、イオン交換膜を用いて水を電気分解し水素ガスを発生させる水素ガス発生装置において、水素ガス発生槽及び酸素ガス発生槽の底部を、開閉弁を備えた連通管で連結し、その開閉弁を、水素ガス発生装置の稼働時には閉鎖するとともに稼働終了時には所定時間開放することにより、両方のガス発生槽の水位のバランスを図るものである。上述の実施例では、開閉弁として電磁弁を用いているが、空気圧により操作される開閉弁等、各種の弁が使用できるのは言うまでもない。また、稼働スイッチがＯＦＦとなった時点で開閉弁を開放しているが、所定の時間遅らせて開放するなど、上述の実施例に対し種々の変形が可能であるのは明らかである。   As described above in detail, the present invention provides a hydrogen gas generator that generates hydrogen gas by electrolyzing water using an ion exchange membrane, and includes an open / close valve at the bottom of the hydrogen gas generation tank and the oxygen gas generation tank. The open / close valve is connected when the hydrogen gas generator is in operation and opened for a predetermined time when the hydrogen gas generator is in operation, thereby balancing the water levels in both gas generation tanks. In the above-described embodiment, an electromagnetic valve is used as the on-off valve, but it goes without saying that various valves such as an on-off valve operated by air pressure can be used. Further, although the on-off valve is opened when the operation switch is turned off, it is apparent that various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiment, such as opening after a predetermined time delay.

１ 電気分解槽
１Ｈ 水素ガス発生槽
１Ｏ 酸素ガス発生槽
２Ｍ、２Ｐ 電極板
３ 洗浄ビン
５ 給水タンク
ＩＥ イオン交換膜
ＳＶ１ 水位調整用開閉弁
ＳＶ２、ＳＶ３ 開放用開閉弁 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrolysis tank 1H Hydrogen gas generation tank 1O Oxygen gas generation tank 2M, 2P Electrode plate 3 Washing bottle 5 Water supply tank IE Ion exchange membrane SV1 Open / close valve for water level adjustment SV2, SV3 Open / close valve for opening

Claims (3)

イオン交換膜により仕切られた電気分解槽に水を貯留し、前記イオン交換膜の両面にそれぞれ設置した陽極電極及び陰極電極の間に直流電圧を印加して水の電気分解を行い、陰極電極から水素ガスを発生させる水素ガス発生装置であって、
前記電気分解槽は、前記イオン交換膜により、陽極電極側の酸素ガス発生槽と陰極電極側の水素ガス発生槽とに分割されるとともに、前記水素ガス発生槽に発生した水素ガスが、水の貯留された洗浄ビンの底部に導かれ、前記洗浄ビンの上部から取り出されるように構成され、さらに、
前記水素ガス発生槽は、水を貯留した給水タンクと連通管で連結され、かつ、前記水素ガス発生槽及び前記給水タンクの上部が、それぞれ開放用開閉弁を介して大気と連通され、
前記酸素ガス発生槽の上部が常時大気中に開放され、かつ、前記酸素ガス発生槽の底部と前記水素ガス発生槽の底部が水位調整用開閉弁を備えた連通管で連結されており、
前記水位調整用開閉弁は、陽極電極及び陰極電極に直流電圧が印加されて電気分解が行われるときは閉弁し、電気分解が終了したときは、前記酸素ガス発生槽と前記水素ガス発生槽の水位が同一となるよう所定時間開弁し、
前記開放用開閉弁は、前記水位調整用開閉弁が閉弁するときには閉弁し、開弁するときには開弁するよう制御されることを特徴とする水素ガス発生装置。 Water is stored in an electrolysis tank partitioned by an ion exchange membrane, and electrolysis of the water is performed by applying a DC voltage between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode respectively installed on both surfaces of the ion exchange membrane. A hydrogen gas generator for generating hydrogen gas,
The electrolysis tank is divided into an oxygen gas generation tank on the anode electrode side and a hydrogen gas generation tank on the cathode electrode side by the ion exchange membrane, and the hydrogen gas generated in the hydrogen gas generation tank is water. is led to the bottom of the pooled wash bottle, is configured to be removed from the top of the wash bottle, further,
The hydrogen gas generation tank is connected to a water supply tank storing water through a communication pipe, and the hydrogen gas generation tank and the upper part of the water supply tank are communicated with the atmosphere through open / close valves, respectively.
The upper portion of the oxygen gas generation tank is opened at all times in the air, and are connected by a communicating pipe bottom of the hydrogen gas generation tank and a bottom portion of the oxygen gas generating tank with a water level adjusting opening and closing valve,
The water level adjusting on-off valve is closed when a DC voltage is applied to the anode electrode and the cathode electrode and electrolysis is performed, and when the electrolysis is finished, the oxygen gas generation tank and the hydrogen gas generation tank Open for a predetermined time so that the water level of
2. The hydrogen gas generator according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing valve is controlled to be closed when the water level adjusting opening / closing valve is closed and to be opened when the water level adjusting valve is opened . 前記酸素ガス発生槽の上方には、前記酸素ガス発生槽の上部と大気とに開口する放出筒が立設される請求項１に記載の水素ガス発生装置。 The hydrogen gas generator according to claim 1 , wherein a discharge cylinder is provided above the oxygen gas generation tank so as to open to an upper portion of the oxygen gas generation tank and the atmosphere. 前記洗浄ビンには空気ポンプから空気が供給され、前記水素ガス発生槽から導かれた水素ガスは、空気が混合された状態で前記洗浄ビンの上部から取り出される請求項１又は請求項２に記載の水素ガス発生装置。 Wherein the wash bottle is supplied with air from an air pump, the hydrogen gas guided from the hydrogen gas generating tank, according to claim 1 or claim 2 is taken out in a state in which air is mixed from the top of the wash bottle Hydrogen gas generator.
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