JP6049399B2 - X線コンピュータ断層撮影装置 - Google Patents
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- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 125
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009206 nuclear medicine Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002603 single-photon emission computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005169 Debye-Scherrer Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013170 computed tomography imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]
- A61B6/032—Transmission computed tomography [CT]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/42—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4291—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis the detector being combined with a grid or grating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/06—Diaphragms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/42—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4208—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector
- A61B6/4233—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector using matrix detectors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/42—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4208—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector
- A61B6/4241—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector using energy resolving detectors, e.g. photon counting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/42—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4266—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a plurality of detector units
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/48—Diagnostic techniques
- A61B6/482—Diagnostic techniques involving multiple energy imaging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/30—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from X-rays
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/40—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4035—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis the source being combined with a filter or grating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/5205—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving processing of raw data to produce diagnostic data
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/30—Transforming light or analogous information into electric information
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Description
X線光子弁別機能とは、X線検出モジュール177各々におけるコリメータ1771に入射した多色X線を、エネルギーに応じて弁別する機能である。以下、X線光子弁別機能に関する過程(以下、X線光子弁別過程と呼ぶ)を説明する。
X線検出部107における複数のX線検出モジュール177のコリメータ1771に多色X線が入射する(ステップSa1)。コリメータ1771によりコリメートされた多色X線が、回折体1773に入射する(ステップSa2)。回折体1773が、多色X線における複数のX線光子を、X線光子のエネルギーごとに異なる回折角度で、ブラック条件に従って回折する(ステップSa3)。エネルギーが互いに異なる複数の単色X線(X線光子)が、異なる位置のX線検出素子1775に入射する(ステップSa4)。X線検出素子1775の位置は、回折された単色X線のエネルギーに対応する。
エネルギー弁別再構成機能とは、エネルギーに対応するX線検出素子1775の位置に関するカウント数(ヒストグラムデータ)に基づいて、エネルギーごとの医用画像を再構成する機能である。以下、エネルギー弁別再構成機能に関する処理(以下、エネルギー弁別再構成処理と呼ぶ)を説明する。
本実施形態におけるX線コンピュータ断層撮影装置1によれば、コリメータ1771に入射した多色X線を、エネルギーに応じたX線回折現象により、複数のエネルギー幅ごとに複数の単色X線に弁別することができる。これにより、本実施形態によれば、X線光子のエネルギーを弁別するための電気信号の積分が不要となり、電気信号の積分に要する処理過程を省略することができる。これにより、本実施形態によれば、フォトンカウンティングX線CT装置で必要とされる高計数率でのX線光子の検出が可能となる。
Claims (5)
- X線を発生するX線発生部と、
前記X線発生部により発生されたX線を複数のエネルギー幅ごとに検出する複数のX線検出モジュールを有するX線検出部と、
前記X線検出部からの出力に基づいて、前記エネルギー幅ごとに前記X線に由来するフォトン数を計数する計数部と、
前記計数部からの出力に基づいて医用画像を再構成する再構成部とを具備し、
前記X線検出モジュール各々は、
前記X線をコリメートするコリメータと、
前記コリメータの背面から所定距離隔てて設けられた複数のX線検出素子と、
前記コリメータの背面側に設けられ、前記X線のエネルギーに応じた角度で前記X線を回折する回折体とを有し、
前記計数部は、
前記複数のX線検出素子にそれぞれ接続され、前記フォトン数をカウントする複数のカウンタと、
前記複数のカウンタから出力された複数のカウント数のうち、前記複数のX線検出モジュール各々において前記コリメータの開口中心に対向する位置を中心とする同一半径に位置する複数のX線検出素子にそれぞれ対応する複数のカウント数を加算する加算器とを有すること、
を特徴とするX線コンピュータ断層撮影装置。 - 前記回折体は、結晶粉末であること、
を特徴とする請求項1に記載のX線コンピュータ断層撮影装置。 - 前記回折体は、金属であること、
を特徴とする請求項1に記載のX線コンピュータ断層撮影装置。 - 前記複数のX線検出素子における列の長さは、前記コリメータの口径より長いこと、
を特徴とする請求項1乃至3のうちいずれか一項に記載のX線コンピュータ断層撮影装置。 - 前記再構成部は、前記エネルギー幅各々に対応するカウント数に基づいて、前記エネルギー幅各々に対応する前記医用画像を再構成すること、
を特徴とする請求項1乃至4のうちいずれか一項に記載のX線コンピュータ断層撮影装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012236555A JP6049399B2 (ja) | 2012-10-26 | 2012-10-26 | X線コンピュータ断層撮影装置 |
PCT/JP2013/079012 WO2014065412A1 (ja) | 2012-10-26 | 2013-10-25 | X線コンピュータ断層撮影装置、x線検出装置およびx線検出モジュール |
CN201380002387.8A CN104023639B (zh) | 2012-10-26 | 2013-10-25 | X射线计算机断层摄影装置、x射线检测装置及x射线检测模块 |
US14/564,562 US9693745B2 (en) | 2012-10-26 | 2014-12-09 | X-ray computed tomography apparatus, x-ray detection apparatus, and x-ray detection module |
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JP2012236555A JP6049399B2 (ja) | 2012-10-26 | 2012-10-26 | X線コンピュータ断層撮影装置 |
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JP2014083361A JP2014083361A (ja) | 2014-05-12 |
JP6049399B2 true JP6049399B2 (ja) | 2016-12-21 |
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US (1) | US9693745B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6049399B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104023639B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014065412A1 (ja) |
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WO2014109374A1 (ja) | 2013-01-10 | 2014-07-17 | 株式会社 東芝 | X線コンピュータ断層撮影装置、医用画像処理装置、および医用画像処理方法 |
DE102014218893A1 (de) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-03-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beurteilung von Röntgenbildern |
JP7114396B2 (ja) | 2018-08-03 | 2022-08-08 | キヤノン株式会社 | 撮像装置、撮像システム、移動体 |
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JPH0721469B2 (ja) * | 1985-04-17 | 1995-03-08 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | X線による被測定物の組成分析方法 |
DE19954663B4 (de) * | 1999-11-13 | 2006-06-08 | Smiths Heimann Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung eines Materials eines detektierten Gegenstandes |
US20030205675A1 (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2003-11-06 | Nelson Robert Sigurd | Device and system for improved [compton scatter] imaging in nuclear medicine {and mammography} |
US7065175B2 (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2006-06-20 | Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. | X-ray diffraction-based scanning system |
CN101218501A (zh) * | 2005-07-07 | 2008-07-09 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 多重散射校正 |
BRPI0707273A2 (pt) * | 2006-01-24 | 2011-04-26 | Univ North Carolina | Sistemas e métodos para a detecção de uma imagem de um objeto pelo uso de um feixe de raios x que tem uma distribuição policromática |
WO2007111912A2 (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-10-04 | Ii-Vi Incorporated | Multi-window signal processing electronics arhitecture for photon counting with multi-element sensors |
US7943906B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2011-05-17 | Uchicago Argonne, Llc | High spatial resolution X-ray and gamma ray imaging system using diffraction crystals |
WO2008099334A2 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-08-21 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh | Computed tomography inspection |
JP2010530535A (ja) * | 2007-06-19 | 2010-09-09 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | スペクトル光子計数検出器 |
US10602991B2 (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2020-03-31 | Varian Medical Systems, Inc. | Functional and physical imaging using radiation |
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- 2012-10-26 JP JP2012236555A patent/JP6049399B2/ja active Active
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- 2013-10-25 CN CN201380002387.8A patent/CN104023639B/zh active Active
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Publication number | Publication date |
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US9693745B2 (en) | 2017-07-04 |
WO2014065412A1 (ja) | 2014-05-01 |
US20150173694A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
JP2014083361A (ja) | 2014-05-12 |
CN104023639B (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
CN104023639A (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
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