JP6041347B2 - Fixed point crucible and fixed point blackbody furnace - Google Patents

Fixed point crucible and fixed point blackbody furnace Download PDF

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JP6041347B2
JP6041347B2 JP2013029143A JP2013029143A JP6041347B2 JP 6041347 B2 JP6041347 B2 JP 6041347B2 JP 2013029143 A JP2013029143 A JP 2013029143A JP 2013029143 A JP2013029143 A JP 2013029143A JP 6041347 B2 JP6041347 B2 JP 6041347B2
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山田　善郎
善郎 山田
順太郎 石井
順太郎 石井
及川　英明
英明 及川
健介 平加
健介 平加
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Chino Corp
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本発明は、測定対象の表面温度を非接触で、且つ、高速に測定する放射温度計等の各種温度計の校正及び評価に用いる定点るつぼ及び定点黒体炉に関する。   The present invention relates to a fixed-point crucible and a fixed-point blackbody furnace used for calibration and evaluation of various thermometers such as a radiation thermometer that measures a surface temperature of a measurement object at high speed without contact.

従来より、物体から放射される赤外線を検出することにより温度を測定する放射温度計は、高速で比較的正確に測定できるため広く用いられている。この放射温度計は、測定対象である物体が発する赤外線（可視光線領域より波長の長い約０．７７〜１０００μｍの範囲の電磁波）を測定して対象物の表面温度を非接触で測定できる温度計であり、特に食品の管理や工業部門で直接触れることの困難な個所の温度管理に使用されている。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, radiation thermometers that measure temperature by detecting infrared rays emitted from an object have been widely used because they can be measured at high speed and relatively accurately. This radiation thermometer is a thermometer capable of measuring the surface temperature of an object in a non-contact manner by measuring infrared rays (electromagnetic waves having a wavelength longer than the visible light region in the range of about 0.77 to 1000 μm) emitted from the object to be measured. In particular, it is used for food control and temperature control in places that are difficult to touch directly in the industrial sector.

また、下記非特許文献１には、高純度の黒鉛からなる定点るつぼ内に定点物質として純金属（一例として、Ｉｎ，Ｓｎ，Ｚｎ，Ａｌ，Ａｇ，Ｃｕ等）を鋳込んで収容し、これを電気炉で加熱してるつぼ内部の潜熱を利用して被校正温度計の温度校正を行う定点黒体炉について開示されている。   Non-Patent Document 1 below contains pure metal (for example, In, Sn, Zn, Al, Ag, Cu, etc.) as a fixed point material in a fixed point crucible made of high purity graphite. A fixed-point blackbody furnace is disclosed in which the temperature of a thermometer to be calibrated is calibrated by using the latent heat inside the crucible by heating the furnace with an electric furnace.

図５は、下記非特許文献１に開示される従来の定点黒体炉の装置構成を示す概略断面図である。図示のように、定点黒体炉２００は、放射温度計等の被校正温度計の温度校正を行う温度校正装置に具備されるものであり、定点物質を納める高純度の黒鉛からなる外筒２０１と、温度定点を測定するための測定用開口部２０２を有し、外筒２０１に収装して黒体空洞となる内筒２０３とで構成される定点るつぼ２０４と、収容する定点るつぼ２０４の測定用開口部２０２と相対する側に定点るつぼ２０４の酸化を防止する不活性ガスを流入するガス注入部２０５が設けられ、定点るつぼ２０４を収容した後に蓋部材２０６が装着されるステンレス製の均熱容器２０７と、均熱容器２０７の両端面の外側に設けられる一対の断熱材２０８と、均熱容器２０７を中心として一対の断熱材２０８を均熱容器２０７の中心線上に整列させて挟み込んだ状態で収容するアルミナ管２０９と、アルミナ管２０９からの放射熱をシールドする放射シールド部材２１０とで構成されている。   FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an apparatus configuration of a conventional fixed-point blackbody furnace disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 below. As shown in the figure, a fixed point blackbody furnace 200 is provided in a temperature calibration device that performs temperature calibration of a thermometer to be calibrated such as a radiation thermometer, and is an outer cylinder 201 made of high-purity graphite that contains a fixed-point substance. A fixed point crucible 204 having a measurement opening 202 for measuring a temperature fixed point, and an inner cylinder 203 which is accommodated in the outer cylinder 201 and becomes a black body cavity, and a fixed point crucible 204 to be accommodated A gas injection part 205 for introducing an inert gas that prevents oxidation of the fixed point crucible 204 is provided on the side facing the measurement opening 202, and the stainless steel leveling member to which the lid member 206 is mounted after the fixed point crucible 204 is accommodated. The heat vessel 207, a pair of heat insulating materials 208 provided outside both end surfaces of the heat equalizing vessel 207, and the pair of heat insulating materials 208 centered on the heat equalizing vessel 207 are aligned and sandwiched between the center lines of the heat equalizing vessel 207. And alumina tube 209 which houses a state, and a radiation shield member 210 for shielding the radiant heat from the alumina tube 209.

日本工業規格 「ＪＩＳ Ｃ１６１２ 放射温度計の性能試験方法通則」 制定１９８８年 第１４１３頁〜第１４４１頁Japanese Industrial Standard “JIS C1612 Radiation Thermometer Performance Test General Rules” Established 1988, pages 1413 to 1441

ところで、上述した従来の定点黒体炉２００では、定点るつぼ２０４の閉塞部側から測定用開口部２０２側に不活性ガスを流して酸化の防止を図っているが、ガスの抜け道が極めて狭い構造であり、定点るつぼ２０４の測定用開口部２０２側まで十分に不活性ガスが行き渡らず、定点るつぼ２０４の測定開口部２０２側、特に、しぼり部が酸化によって劣化・破損し、寿命を短くする原因となっていた。また、しぼり部としては、酸化による劣化・破損時の交換だけでなく、使用条件によってしぼりサイズを変更して用いることもあるため、これらに対応できる構造が望まれていた。   By the way, in the conventional fixed-point blackbody furnace 200 described above, an inert gas is flowed from the closed portion side of the fixed-point crucible 204 to the measurement opening portion 202 side to prevent oxidation, but the structure through which the gas escape route is extremely narrow. Cause that the inert gas does not sufficiently reach the measurement opening 202 side of the fixed point crucible 204, and the measurement opening 202 side of the fixed point crucible 204, in particular, the reduced portion is deteriorated / damaged due to oxidation, thereby shortening the life. It was. Further, as the squeezed portion, not only the replacement at the time of deterioration or breakage due to oxidation, but also the squeezed size may be changed depending on the use conditions, and therefore a structure that can cope with these has been desired.

そこで、本発明は上記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、寿命を延ばすことができる定点るつぼ及び定点黒体炉を提供することを目的としている。   Then, this invention is made | formed in view of the said problem, and it aims at providing the fixed point crucible and fixed point blackbody furnace which can extend a lifetime.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明の請求項１に記載された定点るつぼは、定点金属を納める外筒と、一端に断面すり鉢状の閉塞部を有するとともに、他端に前記定点金属の相平衡状態である温度定点を測定するための測定用開口部を有し、前記外筒に収装して黒体空洞となる内筒とを含んで構成される定点るつぼにおいて、
前記外筒の両端部における外周の一部には、前記閉塞部側から前記測定用開口部側に向けて不活性ガスを流入するガス流入部が形成され、
前記ガス流入部から前記測定用開口部に流入される不活性ガスを該測定用開口部の中心部に向けて導くためのガス案内凹部が形成された保護部材を、前記測定用開口部の前面に配置したことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a fixed-point crucible described in claim 1 of the present invention has an outer cylinder for storing a fixed-point metal, a mortar-shaped closed portion at one end, and a phase equilibrium of the fixed-point metal at the other end. In a fixed point crucible having a measurement opening for measuring a temperature fixed point which is in a state and including an inner cylinder which is accommodated in the outer cylinder and becomes a black body cavity,
In part of the outer periphery at both end portions of the outer cylinder, a gas inflow portion is formed for flowing an inert gas from the closed portion side toward the measurement opening portion side ,
A protective member formed with a gas guide recess for guiding the inert gas flowing from the gas inflow portion into the measurement opening toward the center of the measurement opening is provided on the front surface of the measurement opening. It is characterized by having been arranged in .

本発明の請求項２に記載された定点るつぼは、請求項１記載の定点るつぼにおいて、
前記測定用開口部より小径のしぼり穴の形成されたしぼり部が前記内筒に着脱可能に設けられることを特徴とする。 Fixed point crucible according to claim 2 of the present invention, in the fixed point crucible of claim 1 Symbol placement,
A squeezing part having a squeezing hole having a diameter smaller than that of the measurement opening part is detachably provided on the inner cylinder.

本発明の請求項３に記載された定点黒体炉は、請求項１又は２の定点るつぼを備えたことを特徴とする。 A fixed-point blackbody furnace described in claim 3 of the present invention includes the fixed-point crucible of claim 1 or 2 .

本発明によれば、閉塞部側から測定用開口部側に向けて不活性ガスを流入するガス流入部を外筒の両端部における外周の一部に形成したので、不活性ガスを定点るつぼの測定用開口部側に送り込むことができ、測定用開口部側の酸化を抑制して定点るつぼの寿命を延ばすことができる。   According to the present invention, since the gas inflow portion into which the inert gas flows from the closed portion side toward the measurement opening portion side is formed at a part of the outer periphery at both end portions of the outer cylinder, the inert gas is fixed to the crucible It can be fed to the measurement opening side, and the life of the fixed point crucible can be extended by suppressing the oxidation on the measurement opening side.

また、ガス流入部から測定用開口部に流入される不活性ガスを測定用開口部の中心部に向けて導くためのガス案内凹部が形成された保護部材を、測定用開口部の前面に配置すれば、測定用開口部の中心部まで十分に不活性ガスを流入させることができ、さらに定点るつぼの延命を図ることができる。   In addition, a protective member formed with a gas guide recess for guiding the inert gas flowing from the gas inlet to the measurement opening toward the center of the measurement opening is disposed on the front of the measurement opening. By doing so, it is possible to allow the inert gas to sufficiently flow into the center of the measurement opening, and to further extend the life of the fixed point crucible.

さらに、測定用開口部より小径のしぼり穴の形成されたしぼり部が内筒に着脱可能に設けられるようにすれば、酸化による劣化・破損時やしぼりサイズの変更に対応して最適なしぼり部に交換することができる。   In addition, if an aperture with a smaller diameter hole than the measurement opening is provided in the inner cylinder so that it can be attached and detached, the optimum aperture can be used in response to deterioration or damage due to oxidation or changes in the size of the aperture. Can be replaced.

本発明に係る定点黒体炉を収容した温度校正装置の正面図である。It is a front view of the temperature calibration apparatus which accommodated the fixed point blackbody furnace which concerns on this invention. 図１における定点黒体炉の側面断面図である。It is side surface sectional drawing of the fixed point blackbody furnace in FIG. 同定点黒体炉の概略構造を説明するための側断面図である。It is a sectional side view for demonstrating the schematic structure of an identification point blackbody furnace. （ａ）本発明に係る定点黒体炉における熱媒体の流動状態を示す側断面図である。 （ｂ）（ａ）におけるＡ−Ａ線側断面図である。(A) It is a sectional side view which shows the flow state of the heat carrier in the fixed point blackbody furnace which concerns on this invention. (B) It is an AA line side sectional view in (a). 従来の黒体炉の装置構成を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the apparatus structure of the conventional blackbody furnace.

以下、本発明を実施するための形態について、添付した図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。また、この実施の形態によりこの発明が限定されるものではなく、この形態に基づいて当業者などによりなされる実施可能な他の形態、実施例及び運用技術などはすべて本発明の範疇に含まれる。   Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the present invention is not limited by this embodiment, and all other forms, examples, operation techniques, and the like that can be implemented by those skilled in the art based on this form are included in the scope of the present invention. .

本発明の定点黒体炉は、放射温度計等の被校正温度計の温度校正を行う温度校正装置に具備され、定点るつぼ内に所望の定点金属（純度が９９．９９９％以上のＩｎ，Ｓｎ，Ｚｎ，Ａｌ，Ａｇ，Ｃｕの何れかの金属）を鋳込み、ヒータにより昇温・降温させた定点金属Ｍの潜熱によりプラトー状態となった時点で温度定点を被校正温度計で測定して温度校正を行うものである。   The fixed-point blackbody furnace of the present invention is provided in a temperature calibration apparatus that performs temperature calibration of a thermometer to be calibrated such as a radiation thermometer, and a desired fixed-point metal (In, Sn having a purity of 99.999% or more) is placed in a fixed-point crucible. , Zn, Al, Ag, or Cu), and when the plateau state is reached by the latent heat of the fixed point metal M that has been heated and lowered by the heater, the temperature fixed point is measured with a thermometer to be calibrated Calibration is performed.

そして、本形態では、定点るつぼを中心として一対の保護部材、一対の断熱材の順で配置した状態でガス注入部を備えた均熱管に収容し、さらに均熱管の両端部をキャップするアルミナ製の押さえ部を設けた定点るつぼユニットを定点黒体炉内に具備することで定点るつぼの交換を可能としている。   And in this embodiment, a pair of protective members centered on a fixed point crucible, and a pair of heat insulating materials are arranged in this order, accommodated in a soaking tube provided with a gas injection part, and further made of alumina that caps both ends of the soaking tube A fixed-point crucible unit provided with a holding part is provided in the fixed-point blackbody furnace, so that the fixed-point crucible can be replaced.

なお、本明細書では、本形態の定点黒体炉を説明する便宜上、定点黒体炉を温度校正装置内に水平設置した際に、被校正温度計である放射温度計を含む各種温度計による黒体空洞の測定を行うための開口窓側（すなわち、被校正温度計の設置位置側）を「前面」として規定し、この前面側と相対する側であり炉内に収容される定点るつぼユニット内の定点るつぼの酸化を防止するための不活性ガス（Ａｒ等）を注入する側を「背面」として規定する。   In this specification, for the convenience of explaining the fixed-point blackbody furnace of this embodiment, when the fixed-point blackbody furnace is horizontally installed in the temperature calibration apparatus, various thermometers including a radiation thermometer that is a thermometer to be calibrated are used. The opening window side for measuring the black body cavity (that is, the position where the calibration thermometer is installed) is defined as the “front surface”, and the opposite side of this front surface side is inside the fixed point crucible unit housed in the furnace. The side on which an inert gas (Ar or the like) for preventing oxidation of the fixed point crucible is injected is defined as the “back surface”.

図１又は図２に示すように、本例の定点黒体炉１は、黒体空洞となる定点るつぼ１１を収容する定点るつぼユニット１０と、定点るつぼユニット１０の両端面の外側に設けられる複数の断熱材２０と、定点るつぼユニット１０を中心として断熱材２０を挟み込んだ状態でそれぞれが収容される円筒形のパネルヒーター３０とが、定点るつぼユニット１０を中心としてその両端側を断熱材２０で挟み込んだ状態で開口部４１を有する円筒形の収容部材４０内に収容されて構成されている。また、収容部材４０における開口部４１の下方には、定点るつぼ１１内から漏れ出した定点金属Ｍを回収する受け部材４２が設けられている。   As shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, the fixed-point blackbody furnace 1 of the present example includes a fixed-point crucible unit 10 that houses a fixed-point crucible 11 that becomes a blackbody cavity, and a plurality of fixed-point crucible units 10 that are provided outside both end faces of the fixed-point crucible unit 10. And the cylindrical panel heater 30 in which each of the thermal insulation materials 20 is housed with the thermal insulation material 20 sandwiched between the fixed point crucible unit 10 and the thermal insulation material 20 at both ends of the fixed point crucible unit 10. It is configured to be housed in a cylindrical housing member 40 having an opening 41 in a sandwiched state. A receiving member 42 for collecting the fixed point metal M leaking from the fixed point crucible 11 is provided below the opening 41 in the housing member 40.

そして、定点黒体炉１は、図１又は図２に示すように、温度校正装置５０の外筐体５１内の所定位置に収容される。すなわち、定点黒体炉１は、被校正温度計となる放射温度計１００の校正を行う際、炉内における黒体空洞からの放射熱を測定するための開口窓５１ａを有する温度校正装置５０の外筐体５１内において、開口部４１が開口窓５１ａの中心線上と合う位置に収容されている。   And the fixed point blackbody furnace 1 is accommodated in the predetermined position in the outer housing | casing 51 of the temperature calibration apparatus 50, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. That is, the fixed-point blackbody furnace 1 has a temperature calibration device 50 having an opening window 51a for measuring radiant heat from a blackbody cavity in the furnace when the radiation thermometer 100 serving as a thermometer to be calibrated is calibrated. In the outer casing 51, the opening 41 is accommodated at a position that matches the center line of the opening window 51a.

このように、定点黒体炉１の開口部４１を開口窓５１ａの中心線上に合わせた位置で定点黒体炉１を外筐体５１内に収容することで、定点るつぼユニット１０内に具備された定点るつぼ１１の黒体空洞の中心と、開口窓５１ａの中心とが一直線上に位置合わせされた状態となる。従って、放射温度計１００を校正する際に、開口窓５１ａの中心線を測定用の基準軸として使用することで放射温度計１００の位置合わせを容易に行うことができる。   As described above, the fixed-point blackbody furnace 1 is accommodated in the outer casing 51 at a position where the opening 41 of the fixed-point blackbody furnace 1 is aligned with the center line of the opening window 51a. The center of the black body cavity of the fixed point crucible 11 and the center of the opening window 51a are aligned on a straight line. Therefore, when the radiation thermometer 100 is calibrated, the alignment of the radiation thermometer 100 can be easily performed by using the center line of the opening window 51a as a reference axis for measurement.

また、温度校正装置５０の外筐体５１の所定箇所（例えば外筐体５１の前面側）には、放射温度計１００の校正を行う際の温度設定や炉内温度を表示するための各種表示装置（例えば液晶パネルやＬＥＤ）や各種設定ボタン等で構成される不図示の設定表示部が設けられている。   Further, various displays for displaying temperature settings and furnace temperatures when the radiation thermometer 100 is calibrated are displayed at predetermined locations (for example, the front side of the outer casing 51) of the outer casing 51 of the temperature calibration device 50. A setting display unit (not shown) configured by a device (for example, a liquid crystal panel or LED), various setting buttons, or the like is provided.

図３や図４（ａ），（ｂ）に示すように、定点るつぼユニット１０は、定点るつぼ１１と、保護部材１２と、ユニット断熱材１３と、均熱管１４と、ガス注入部１５と、押さえ部１６とで構成されている。   As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 (a), (b), the fixed point crucible unit 10 includes a fixed point crucible 11, a protective member 12, a unit heat insulating material 13, a heat equalizing tube 14, a gas injection part 15, It is comprised with the holding | suppressing part 16.

定点るつぼ１１は、円筒形の外筒１１ａと、外筒１１ａに収容される円筒形の内筒１１ｂとから構成される。外筒１１ａは、高純度の黒鉛で形成され、背面側にねじ込み式の蓋部材１１ｃが設けられており、他方に内筒１１ｂを収容するための開口部１１ｄを有している。また、内筒１１ｂは、外筒１１ａと同じく高純度の黒鉛で形成され、一端に断面すり鉢状の閉塞部１１ｅを有し、他端に温度定点を測定するための測定用開口部１１ｆを有する黒体空洞を形成している。   The fixed point crucible 11 includes a cylindrical outer cylinder 11a and a cylindrical inner cylinder 11b accommodated in the outer cylinder 11a. The outer cylinder 11a is formed of high-purity graphite, a screw-type lid member 11c is provided on the back side, and the other end has an opening 11d for accommodating the inner cylinder 11b. The inner cylinder 11b is made of high-purity graphite, like the outer cylinder 11a, and has a closed mortar-shaped blocking portion 11e at one end and a measurement opening 11f for measuring a temperature fixed point at the other end. A black body cavity is formed.

また、外筒１１ａの両端部には、ガス流入部１１ｇが形成されている。ガス流入部１１ｇは、図４（ａ），（ｂ）に示すように、外筒１１ａの両端部における外周縁の上下左右を外周縁から所定深さだけ直線状に欠切した欠切部からなる。ガス流入部１１ｇは、定点るつぼ１１の背面側に設けられるガス注入部１５から注入された不活性ガスを、定点るつぼ１１の外周面に沿って背面側から前面側に向かう方向（すなわち、定点るつぼ１１の内筒１１ｂにおける閉塞部１１ｅから測定用開口部１１ｆに向かう方向）に流入させている。これにより、ガス注入部１５から注入された不活性ガスは、図４（ｂ）の矢印で示すように、定点るつぼ１１の長さ方向に沿って背面側から前面側に流入される。その結果、定点るつぼ１１の前面側（測定用開口部１１ｆ側）に不活性ガスを十分に送り込み、定点るつぼ１１における前面側の酸化を抑制している。   Moreover, the gas inflow part 11g is formed in the both ends of the outer cylinder 11a. As shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the gas inflow portion 11g is formed from a notch portion in which the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the outer periphery at both ends of the outer cylinder 11a are linearly cut from the outer periphery by a predetermined depth. Become. The gas inflow portion 11g allows the inert gas injected from the gas injection portion 15 provided on the back side of the fixed point crucible 11 to flow in the direction from the back side to the front side along the outer peripheral surface of the fixed point crucible 11 (that is, the fixed point crucible). 11 in the inner cylinder 11b from the closed portion 11e toward the measurement opening 11f). As a result, the inert gas injected from the gas injection unit 15 flows from the back side to the front side along the length direction of the fixed crucible 11 as shown by the arrow in FIG. As a result, the inert gas is sufficiently fed into the front side of the fixed point crucible 11 (on the measurement opening 11f side), and the front side oxidation in the fixed point crucible 11 is suppressed.

なお、図４（ａ），（ｂ）の例では、ガス流入部１１ｇを外筒１１ａの両端部に形成した欠切部としているが、これに限定されるものではない。すなわち、ガス流入部１１ｇは、ガス注入部１５から注入された不活性ガスを定点るつぼ１１の背面側から前面側に十分流入できる形状であれば良く、例えば外筒１１ａの両端部における外周縁の複数箇所に小径の貫通穴を形成してガス流入部１１ｇとすることもできる。   In the example of FIGS. 4A and 4B, the gas inflow portion 11g is a notched portion formed at both ends of the outer cylinder 11a, but is not limited thereto. That is, the gas inflow portion 11g may have a shape that can sufficiently allow the inert gas injected from the gas injection portion 15 to flow from the back side of the crucible 11 to the front side. Small-diameter through holes can be formed at a plurality of locations to form the gas inflow portion 11g.

さらに、内筒１１ｂの開口部１１ｄには、使用条件（例えば使用温度など）に応じて測定用開口部１１ｆの口径を任意に調整可能とするため、測定用開口部１１ｆよりも小径のしぼり穴が形成されたしぼり部１１ｈが着脱可能に設けられている。このしぼり部１１ｈの着脱可能な構成により、酸化による劣化・破損や使用条件によってしぼりサイズの変更が生じた際に、最適なしぼりサイズで形成されたしぼり部１１ｈに適宜交換することができる。   Furthermore, in the opening 11d of the inner cylinder 11b, the diameter of the measurement opening 11f can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the use conditions (for example, use temperature), so that the diameter of the aperture is smaller than that of the measurement opening 11f. A squeezed portion 11h in which is formed is detachably provided. With this detachable configuration of the squeezed portion 11h, when the size of the squeezed is changed due to deterioration / breakage due to oxidation or use conditions, the squeezed portion 11h can be appropriately replaced with the optimum squeezed size.

保護部材１２は、定点るつぼ１１と同様に高純度の黒鉛で形成された前面側保護部材１２ａと背面側保護部材１２ｂの一対の環状部材で構成されている。前面側保護部材１２ａは、定点るつぼ１１の前面側（すなわち、定点るつぼ１１における内筒１１ｂの測定用開口部１１ｆ側）に設けられている。また、背面側保護部材１２ｂは、定点るつぼ１１の背面側（すなわち、定点るつぼ１１における内筒１１ｂの閉塞部１１ｅ側）に設けられている。すなわち、保護部材１２は、外気による定点るつぼ１１の酸化を抑制させるため、定点るつぼ１１の両端側の外側に設けられている。   The protection member 12 is composed of a pair of annular members of a front-side protection member 12a and a back-side protection member 12b made of high-purity graphite, like the fixed point crucible 11. The front side protection member 12 a is provided on the front side of the fixed point crucible 11 (that is, the measurement opening 11 f side of the inner cylinder 11 b in the fixed point crucible 11). The back side protection member 12b is provided on the back side of the fixed point crucible 11 (that is, the closed portion 11e side of the inner cylinder 11b in the fixed point crucible 11). That is, the protective member 12 is provided outside the fixed point crucible 11 at both ends in order to suppress oxidation of the fixed point crucible 11 due to outside air.

また、前面側保護部材１２ａには、内筒１１ｂの測定用開口部１１ｆと連通するための貫通孔１２ｃが形成されている。さらに、前面側保護部材１２ａの貫通孔１２ｃには、内筒１１ｂの測定用開口部１１ｆの前面に対向してガス案内凹部１２ｄが形成されている。ガス案内凹部１２ｄは、内筒１１ｂの測定用開口部１１ｆの中心と対応する位置が最も凹んだ所定曲率の湾曲形状をなしており、ガス流入部１１ｇから流入する不活性ガスを、効率よく定点るつぼ１１の前面側中心部（すなわち、内筒１１ｂの測定用開口部１１ｆの中心部）に向けて導いている。これにより、定点るつぼ１１の測定用開口部１１ｆの酸化をさらに抑制し、定点るつぼ１１の延命を図っている。   In addition, a through-hole 12c for communicating with the measurement opening 11f of the inner cylinder 11b is formed in the front side protection member 12a. Furthermore, a gas guide recess 12d is formed in the through hole 12c of the front surface side protection member 12a so as to face the front surface of the measurement opening 11f of the inner cylinder 11b. The gas guide recess 12d has a curved shape with a predetermined curvature with the most concave position corresponding to the center of the measurement opening 11f of the inner cylinder 11b, and the inert gas flowing in from the gas inflow portion 11g is efficiently fixed at a fixed point. The crucible 11 is led toward the center on the front side (that is, the center of the measurement opening 11f of the inner cylinder 11b). Thereby, the oxidation of the measurement opening 11f of the fixed point crucible 11 is further suppressed, and the life of the fixed point crucible 11 is extended.

なお、図４（ｂ）の例では、ガス案内凹部１２ｄを所定曲率の湾曲形状としているが、不活性ガスが定点るつぼ１１の前面側に十分行き渡るような凹部形状（例えば、階段状の凹部など）であれば良い。   In the example of FIG. 4B, the gas guide recess 12d has a curved shape with a predetermined curvature, but a recess shape (for example, a stepped recess, etc.) that allows the inert gas to sufficiently spread to the front side of the fixed crucible 11 is used. ).

また、背面側保護部材１２ｂには、案内孔１２ｅが複数箇所に形成されている。案内孔１２ｅは、ガス注入部１５から注入された不活性ガスを、定点るつぼ１１の背面側から前面側に向けて案内している。   In addition, guide holes 12e are formed at a plurality of locations on the back side protection member 12b. The guide hole 12e guides the inert gas injected from the gas injection part 15 from the back side of the fixed crucible 11 toward the front side.

ユニット断熱材１３は、セラミックファイバーを接着剤等で固めた断熱部材であり、前面側ユニット断熱材１３ａと背面側断熱材１３ｂとで構成されている。ユニット断熱材１３は、定点るつぼ１１の温度分布安定化を図るため、定点るつぼ１１の両端面のそれぞれと対向するように各保護部材１２の外側端面と対向して設けられている。   The unit heat insulating material 13 is a heat insulating member in which ceramic fibers are hardened with an adhesive or the like, and includes a front side unit heat insulating material 13a and a back surface side heat insulating material 13b. In order to stabilize the temperature distribution of the fixed point crucible 11, the unit heat insulating material 13 is provided to face the outer end surfaces of the protective members 12 so as to face the both end surfaces of the fixed point crucible 11.

そして、前面側ユニット断熱材１３ａには、前面側保護部材１２ａの貫通孔１２ｃと連通する貫通孔１３ｃが形成されている。また、背面側ユニット断熱材１３ｂには、ガス注入部１５から注入された不活性ガスを背面側保護部材１２ｂまで案内するための貫通孔１３ｄが形成されている。   And the through-hole 13c connected to the through-hole 12c of the front side protection member 12a is formed in the front side unit heat insulating material 13a. Further, the rear unit heat insulating material 13b is formed with a through hole 13d for guiding the inert gas injected from the gas injection part 15 to the rear surface protection member 12b.

均熱管１４には、前面側ユニット断熱材１３ａの貫通孔１３ｃに連通する貫通孔１４ａと、ガス注入部１５に連通して不活性ガスを導入する貫通孔１４ｂとが形成されている。均熱管１４は、定点金属ＭがＩｎ，Ｓｎ，Ｚｎ，Ａｌの何れかの金属のときにステンレスで形成されたものを使用し、定点金属ＭがＡｇ又はＣｕの金属のときはインコネルで形成されたものを使用する。   The soaking tube 14 is formed with a through hole 14a that communicates with the through hole 13c of the front side unit heat insulating material 13a and a through hole 14b that communicates with the gas injection part 15 and introduces an inert gas. The soaking tube 14 is formed of stainless steel when the fixed point metal M is any of In, Sn, Zn, and Al, and is formed of Inconel when the fixed point metal M is Ag or Cu metal. Use the same thing.

ガス注入部１５は、定点るつぼ１１の背面側（すなわち、定点るつぼ１１における内筒１１ｂの閉塞部１１ｅ側）から不活性ガスを注入するための均熱管１４と同素材のガス導入管であり、均熱管１４の背面側に一体形成されている。   The gas injection part 15 is a gas introduction pipe made of the same material as the soaking pipe 14 for injecting an inert gas from the back side of the fixed point crucible 11 (that is, the closed part 11e side of the inner cylinder 11b in the fixed point crucible 11), It is integrally formed on the back side of the soaking tube 14.

押さえ部１６は、均熱管１４に収容された定点るつぼ１１を交換可能とするため、パネルヒーター３０の加熱により均熱管１４に固着しない例えばアルミナ製の前面側押さえ部１６ａと背面側押さえ部１６ｂの一対のキャップ部材で構成される。そして、前面側押さえ部１６ａは、均熱管１４の前面側をキャップするように装着され、均熱管１４の開口部１４ａと連通する貫通孔１６ｃが形成されている。また、背面側押さえ部１６ｂは、均熱管１４の背面側をキャップするように装着され、均熱管１４に一体形成されるガス注入部１５が挿通される挿通孔１６ｄが形成されている。   In order to make it possible to replace the fixed point crucible 11 accommodated in the soaking tube 14, the holding unit 16 is not fixed to the soaking tube 14 by heating of the panel heater 30, for example, an alumina front side pressing unit 16a and a back side pressing unit 16b. It is composed of a pair of cap members. And the front side holding | suppressing part 16a is mounted | worn so that the front side of the heat equalizing tube 14 may be capped, and the through-hole 16c connected with the opening part 14a of the heat equalizing tube 14 is formed. Moreover, the back side holding | suppressing part 16b is mounted | worn so that the back side of the soaking | uniform-heating tube 14 may be capped, and the insertion hole 16d by which the gas injection part 15 integrally formed in the soaking | uniform-heating tube 14 is penetrated is formed.

断熱材２０は、セラミックファイバーを接着剤等で固めた断熱部材であって、前面側断熱材２１と背面側断熱材２２から構成されている。前面側断熱材２１は、複数に分割（図３の例では３つ）して定点るつぼユニット１０の前面側に設けられ、定点るつぼユニット１０の測定用開口部１１ｆに連通する貫通孔２１ａが形成されている。この貫通孔２１ａは、測定用空洞の一部をなし、定点るつぼユニット１０の測定用開口部１１ｆから温度校正装置５０の開口窓５１ａに向かうに従って徐々に拡径するように形成されている。   The heat insulating material 20 is a heat insulating member in which ceramic fibers are hardened with an adhesive or the like, and includes a front surface heat insulating material 21 and a back surface heat insulating material 22. The front-side heat insulating material 21 is divided into a plurality of pieces (three in the example of FIG. 3) and is provided on the front side of the fixed-point crucible unit 10 to form a through-hole 21a communicating with the measurement opening 11f of the fixed-point crucible unit 10. Has been. The through-hole 21a forms a part of the measurement cavity and is formed so as to gradually increase in diameter from the measurement opening 11f of the fixed crucible unit 10 toward the opening window 51a of the temperature calibration device 50.

また、前面側断熱材２１の貫通孔２１ａには、定点るつぼ１１から漏れ出る定点金属を受け止めるための凹部２１ｂが形成されている。この凹部２１ｂは、貫通孔２１ａの長さ方向の複数箇所に形成されている。これにより、定点るつぼ１１から漏れ出した定点金属Ｍが温度校正装置５０の開口窓５１ａから外に漏れ出ることを防止している。   Further, in the through hole 21 a of the front surface heat insulating material 21, a recess 21 b for receiving a fixed point metal leaking from the fixed point crucible 11 is formed. The recesses 21b are formed at a plurality of locations in the length direction of the through holes 21a. Thereby, the fixed point metal M leaking from the fixed point crucible 11 is prevented from leaking outside from the opening window 51a of the temperature calibration device 50.

背面側断熱材２２は、定点るつぼユニット１０の背面側に設けられ、ガス注入部１５が挿通される挿通孔２２ａが形成されている。なお、本例では、２つの前面側断熱材２１と１つの背面側断熱材２２で断熱材２０を構成しているが、その構成数が限定されるものではない。   The back-side heat insulating material 22 is provided on the back side of the fixed point crucible unit 10 and has an insertion hole 22a through which the gas injection part 15 is inserted. In addition, in this example, although the heat insulating material 20 is comprised by the two front side heat insulating materials 21 and the one back side heat insulating material 22, the number of the structures is not limited.

パネルヒーター３０は、円筒形を有するセラミックファイバー（例えば、アルミナとシリカを基本組成とする無機質の耐火性繊維であるカオウール（登録商標））製の第１断熱部材３１と、この断熱部材の内周面に少なくとも均熱管１５の長手方向長さよりも長いヒータ３２が一体形成され、さらに第１断熱部材３１の外周にガラス繊維による織布からなる第２断熱部材３３が巻装されている。パネルヒータ３０は、定点るつぼユニット１０を中心として、前面側断熱材２１と背面側断熱材２２とで挟み込んだ状態で収容部材４０に収容される。   The panel heater 30 includes a first heat insulating member 31 made of a ceramic fiber having a cylindrical shape (for example, Khao wool (registered trademark), which is an inorganic refractory fiber having a basic composition of alumina and silica), and an inner periphery of the heat insulating member. A heater 32 longer than the length of the heat equalizing tube 15 in the longitudinal direction is integrally formed on the surface, and a second heat insulating member 33 made of woven fabric made of glass fiber is wound around the outer periphery of the first heat insulating member 31. The panel heater 30 is accommodated in the accommodating member 40 in a state where the panel heater 30 is sandwiched between the front-side heat insulating material 21 and the back-side heat insulating material 22 with the fixed point crucible unit 10 as the center.

また、本例の定点黒体炉１では、前面側保護部材１２ａの貫通孔１２ｃ、前面側ユニット断熱材１３ａの貫通孔１３ｃ、均熱管１４の貫通孔１４ａ、押さえ部１６の貫通孔１６ｃ、前面側断熱材２１の貫通孔２１ａの順で温度校正装置５０の開口窓５１ａに向かって徐々に拡径するように形成されており、定点るつぼ１１における内筒１１ｂの測定用開口部１１ｆを起点として、貫通孔１２ａ、１３ｃ、１４ａ、１６ｃ及び２１ａとで測定用空洞を構成している。   Further, in the fixed point blackbody furnace 1 of this example, the through hole 12c of the front side protection member 12a, the through hole 13c of the front side unit heat insulating material 13a, the through hole 14a of the soaking tube 14, the through hole 16c of the pressing portion 16, the front surface It is formed so as to gradually increase in diameter toward the opening window 51a of the temperature calibration device 50 in the order of the through hole 21a of the side heat insulating material 21, and starts from the measurement opening 11f of the inner cylinder 11b in the fixed point crucible 11. The through holes 12a, 13c, 14a, 16c and 21a constitute a measurement cavity.

そして、上記構成による定点黒体炉１を収容した温度校正装置５０を用いて被校正温度計となる放射温度計１００の校正を行う場合には、温度校正装置５０の開口窓５１ａから所定距離離れた測定軸上の位置に放射温度計１００を設置し、測定用空洞を介して定点るつぼ１１の黒体空洞内の潜熱を測定して温度校正を行っている。   When the radiation thermometer 100 as the thermometer to be calibrated is calibrated using the temperature calibration device 50 containing the fixed point blackbody furnace 1 having the above-described configuration, it is separated from the opening window 51a of the temperature calibration device 50 by a predetermined distance. The radiation thermometer 100 is installed at a position on the measurement axis, and the temperature calibration is performed by measuring the latent heat in the black body cavity of the fixed point crucible 11 through the measurement cavity.

以上説明したように、本例の定点黒体炉１によれば、以下に示すような効果を奏することができる。   As described above, according to the fixed-point blackbody furnace 1 of the present example, the following effects can be obtained.

本例の定点黒体炉１は、均熱管１４内に、定点るつぼ１１を中心として、一対の保護部材１２、一対の断熱材１３の順に定点るつぼ１１の両端面の外側から挟み込み、定点るつぼ１１、一対の保護部材１２、一対の断熱材１３を定点るつぼ１１の中心線上に整列させて収容し、この均熱管１４の両端部にアルミナ製の押さえ部１６をキャップするように装着された定点るつぼユニット１０を具備する構成であるため、定点黒体炉１の稼働に伴うパネルヒータ３０の加熱によって押さえ部材１６が固着することなく均熱管１４内に収容される定点るつぼ１１を容易に交換することができる。また、異なる種類の定点金属Ｍを収容した定点るつぼ１１毎に温度校正装置５０を用意する必要がなくなる。   The fixed-point blackbody furnace 1 of this example is sandwiched from the outside of both end faces of the fixed-point crucible 11 in the order of the pair of protective members 12 and the pair of heat insulating materials 13 in the soaking tube 14 around the fixed-point crucible 11. The pair of protective members 12 and the pair of heat insulating materials 13 are accommodated in alignment on the center line of the fixed point crucible 11, and the fixed point crucibles mounted so as to cap the pressing parts 16 made of alumina at both ends of the heat equalizing tube 14. Since the unit 10 is configured, the fixed point crucible 11 accommodated in the soaking tube 14 can be easily replaced without the pressing member 16 being fixed by the heating of the panel heater 30 accompanying the operation of the fixed point blackbody furnace 1. Can do. Moreover, it is not necessary to prepare the temperature calibration device 50 for each fixed point crucible 11 containing different types of fixed point metals M.

また、定点るつぼ１１の測定用開口部１１ｆに連通する貫通孔２１ａに定点るつぼ１１から漏れ出る定点金属Ｍを受け止めるための凹部２１ｂを有する断熱材２１を測定用開口部１１ｆの前面側に配置した構成なので、定点るつぼ１１から漏れ出る溶融した定点金属Ｍを定点黒体炉１内の測定用開口部１１ｆ側に近い位置で受け止め、定点金属Ｍが定点黒体炉１から温度校正装置５０の外に漏れ出るのを防ぐことができる。そして、定点黒体炉１の構成要素である断熱材２１の凹部２１ｂで定点金属Ｍを受け止めるので、定点金属Ｍを受け止めるための部品が温度校正装置５０の外部に突出することがなく、外観上の見栄えを損なうこともない。   Further, a heat insulating material 21 having a recess 21b for receiving the fixed point metal M leaking from the fixed point crucible 11 in the through hole 21a communicating with the measurement opening 11f of the fixed point crucible 11 is arranged on the front side of the measurement opening 11f. Due to the construction, the molten fixed point metal M leaking from the fixed point crucible 11 is received at a position close to the measurement opening 11 f side in the fixed point blackbody furnace 1, and the fixed point metal M is removed from the fixed point blackbody furnace 1 outside the temperature calibration device 50. Can be prevented from leaking. And since the fixed-point metal M is received by the recessed part 21b of the heat insulating material 21 which is a component of the fixed-point blackbody furnace 1, a part for receiving the fixed-point metal M does not protrude outside the temperature calibration device 50, and the appearance is improved. It doesn't impair the appearance of.

さらに、断熱材２１の貫通孔２１ａが定点るつぼ１１の測定用開口部１１ｆから離れるに従って拡径する構成なので、定点るつぼ１１から漏れ出る定点金属Ｍを測定用開口部１１ｆ側に戻すことなく凹部２１ｂ側へ案内して受け止めることができる。   Furthermore, since the diameter of the through hole 21a of the heat insulating material 21 is increased as the distance from the measurement opening 11f of the fixed point crucible 11 increases, the fixed point metal M leaking from the fixed point crucible 11 does not return to the measurement opening 11f side. Can be guided to the side and received.

また、断熱材２１の貫通孔２１ａの長さ方向の複数箇所に凹部２１ｂを有する構成なので、より多くの溶融した定点金属Ｍを凹部２１ｂで受け止めることができる。そして、定点るつぼ１１の測定用開口部１１ｆから離れるに従って断熱材２１の貫通孔２１ａを拡径する構成との相乗効果により、定点るつぼ１１から漏れ出る溶融した定点金属Ｍを測定用開口部１１ｆ側に近い位置から段階的に受け止めることができる。   Moreover, since it is the structure which has the recessed part 21b in the multiple places of the length direction of the through-hole 21a of the heat insulating material 21, more molten fixed point metals M can be received by the recessed part 21b. Then, due to a synergistic effect with the structure in which the diameter of the through hole 21a of the heat insulating material 21 is increased as the distance from the measurement opening 11f of the fixed point crucible 11 is increased, the molten fixed point metal M leaking from the fixed point crucible 11 is measured. Can be received step by step from a position close to.

さらに、定点るつぼ１１の閉塞部１１ｅ側から測定用開口部１１ｆ側に向けて不活性ガスを流入するガス流入部１１ｇを外筒１１ａの両端部における外周の一部に形成した構成なので、不活性ガスを定点るつぼ１１の測定用開口部１１ｆ側に送り込むことができ、測定用開口部１１ｆ側の酸化を抑制して定点るつぼ１１の寿命を延ばすことができる。   Furthermore, since the gas inflow part 11g which inflows an inert gas toward the measurement opening part 11f side from the closed part 11e side of the fixed point crucible 11 is formed in a part of the outer periphery at both ends of the outer cylinder 11a, it is inactive. The gas can be sent to the measurement opening 11f side of the fixed point crucible 11, and the life of the fixed point crucible 11 can be extended by suppressing oxidation on the measurement opening 11f side.

また、定点るつぼ１１のガス流入部１１ｇから測定用開口部１１ｆに流入される不活性ガスを測定用開口部１１ｆの中心部に向けて導くためのガス案内凹部１２ｄが形成された前面側保護部材１２ａを測定用開口部１１ｆの前面に配置した構成なので、測定用開口部１１ｆの中心部まで十分に不活性ガスを流入させることができ、さらに定点るつぼ１１の延命を図ることができる。   Further, the front side protection member in which the gas guide recess 12d for guiding the inert gas flowing into the measurement opening 11f from the gas inflow portion 11g of the fixed point crucible 11 toward the center of the measurement opening 11f is formed. Since 12a is arranged in front of the measurement opening 11f, the inert gas can be sufficiently introduced to the center of the measurement opening 11f, and the life of the fixed crucible 11 can be further extended.

さらに、定点るつぼ１１の測定用開口部１１ｆより小径のしぼり穴の形成されたしぼり部１１ｈが内筒１１ｂの開口部１１ｄに着脱可能に設けられる構成なので、酸化による劣化・破損時やしぼりサイズの変更に対応して最適なしぼり部１１ｆに交換することができる。   Furthermore, since the narrowed portion 11h having a smaller diameter hole than the measurement opening portion 11f of the fixed point crucible 11 is detachably provided in the opening portion 11d of the inner cylinder 11b, the size and size of the shrinkage can be reduced or deteriorated due to oxidation. Corresponding to the change, it can be replaced with the optimum head portion 11f.

１…定点黒体炉
１０…定点るつぼユニット
１１…定点るつぼ（１１ａ…外筒、１１ｂ…内筒、１１ｃ…蓋部材、１１ｄ…開口部、１１ｅ…閉塞部、１１ｆ…測定用開口部、１１ｇ…ガス流入部、１１ｈ…しぼり部）
１２…保護部材（１２ａ…前面側保護部材、１２ｂ…背面側保護部材、１２ｃ…貫通孔、１２ｄ…ガス案内凹部、１２ｅ…案内孔）
１３…ユニット断熱材（１３ａ…前面側ユニット断熱材、１３ｂ…背面側ユニット断熱材、１３ｃ，１３ｄ…貫通孔）
１４…均熱管（１４ａ，１４ｂ…貫通孔）
１５…ガス注入部
１６…押さえ部（１６ａ…前面側押さえ部、１６ｂ…背面側押さえ部、１６ｃ…貫通孔、１６ｄ…挿通孔）
２０…断熱材
２１…前面側断熱材（２１ａ…貫通孔、２１ｂ…凹部）
２２…背面側断熱材（２２ａ…挿通孔）
３０…パネルヒーター（３１…第１断熱部材、３２…ヒータ、３３…第２断熱部材）
４０…収容部材
４１…開口部
４２…受け部材
５０…温度校正装置
５１…外筐体（５１ａ…開口窓）
１００…放射温度計 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fixed point blackbody furnace 10 ... Fixed point crucible unit 11 ... Fixed point crucible (11a ... Outer cylinder, 11b ... Inner cylinder, 11c ... Cover member, 11d ... Opening part, 11e ... Closure part, 11f ... Opening part for measurement, 11g ... Gas inflow part, 11h ... squeezing part)
12 ... Protection member (12a ... Front side protection member, 12b ... Back side protection member, 12c ... Through hole, 12d ... Gas guide recess, 12e ... Guide hole)
13 ... Unit insulation (13a ... Front side unit insulation, 13b ... Back side unit insulation, 13c, 13d ... Through hole)
14 ... Soaking tube (14a, 14b ... through hole)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... Gas injection part 16 ... Holding part (16a ... Front side pressing part, 16b ... Back side pressing part, 16c ... Through-hole, 16d ... Insertion hole)
20 ... heat insulating material 21 ... front side heat insulating material (21a ... through hole, 21b ... concave)
22 ... Back side insulation (22a ... Insertion hole)
30 ... Panel heater (31 ... 1st heat insulation member, 32 ... Heater, 33 ... 2nd heat insulation member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 40 ... Housing member 41 ... Opening part 42 ... Receiving member 50 ... Temperature calibration apparatus 51 ... Outer housing | casing (51a ... Opening window)
100 ... Radiation thermometer

Claims (3)

定点金属を納める外筒と、一端に断面すり鉢状の閉塞部を有するとともに、他端に前記定点金属の相平衡状態である温度定点を測定するための測定用開口部を有し、前記外筒に収装して黒体空洞となる内筒とを含んで構成される定点るつぼにおいて、
前記外筒の両端部における外周の一部には、前記閉塞部側から前記測定用開口部側に向けて不活性ガスを流入するガス流入部が形成され、
前記ガス流入部から前記測定用開口部に流入される不活性ガスを該測定用開口部の中心部に向けて導くためのガス案内凹部が形成された保護部材を、前記測定用開口部の前面に配置したことを特徴とする定点るつぼ。 An outer cylinder for storing a fixed-point metal, a mortar-shaped closed portion at one end, and a measurement opening for measuring a temperature fixed point which is a phase equilibrium state of the fixed-point metal at the other end; In a fixed point crucible including an inner cylinder that is housed in a black body cavity,
In part of the outer periphery at both end portions of the outer cylinder, a gas inflow portion is formed for flowing an inert gas from the closed portion side toward the measurement opening portion side ,
A protective member formed with a gas guide recess for guiding the inert gas flowing from the gas inflow portion into the measurement opening toward the center of the measurement opening is provided on the front surface of the measurement opening. Fixed point crucible characterized by being placed in . 前記測定用開口部より小径のしぼり穴の形成されたしぼり部が前記内筒に着脱可能に設けられることを特徴とする請求項１記載の定点るつぼ。 2. The fixed point crucible according to claim 1, wherein a narrowed portion having a narrowed hole having a diameter smaller than that of the measurement opening is detachably attached to the inner cylinder . 請求項１又は２の定点るつぼを備えたことを特徴とする定点黒体炉。A fixed-point blackbody furnace comprising the fixed-point crucible according to claim 1 or 2.
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