JP5996841B2 - 尿由来の前駆細胞およびその使用方法 - Google Patents
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Description
本出願は、米国特許法第119条(e)に基づき、2007年5月21日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/939,247号明細書、および2007年6月11日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/943,215号明細書の利益を主張し、これら各文献の開示はその全体が参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
UPCは、尿を産生するヒトなどのあらゆる動物から収集することができる。本発明のある実施形態では、尿中前駆細胞は、哺乳動物の尿から収集される。たとえば、UPCは、イヌ、ネコ、ブタ、ウシ、ウマ、サル、またはヒトの尿から収集することができる。特定の実施形態では、尿中前駆細胞は、ヒトの尿から得られる。
ある実施形態では、収集されたUPCは増殖する。「増殖」は、生存細胞数の増加を意味する。増殖は、たとえば、細胞の少なくとも一部が***してさらなる細胞を産生する1つ以上の細胞周期で細胞が成長することによって実現することができる。
本明細書に開示される方法を使用して治療できる疾患は、尿路組織の増加または置換を含むが、これらに限定されるものではない。本明細書において使用される場合、「治療」は、患者、たとえば、疾患に苦しむまたは疾患の発症の危険性のある患者に利益を付与するあらゆる種類の治療を意味する。治療としては、患者の状態を改善する(たとえば1つ以上の症候の軽減)、発病または疾患の進行を遅らせることなどの目的で行われる行為または控えられる行為が挙げられる。
尿サンプルを収集するためのキットも本明細書において提供される。好ましくは本発明によるキットは、遠隔地(たとえば好適な実験施設)への輸送中に尿中前駆細胞の生存能を維持する機能を果たす。ある実施形態では、キットは、好適な培地(たとえば、1〜15mLの、ある実施形態では5mLの、ウシ胎児血清などの血清)を含有する管を含む。この培地は、使用前に解凍するように、凍結させて提供することができる。別の実施形態では、キットは、抗生物質(たとえば、1〜15mLの、ある実施形態では5mLの、1%ペニシリンおよびストレプトマイシンを含有する溶液)を含有する管を含む。抗生物質は粉末形態であってもよいし、水溶液であってもよい(場合により、使用前に解凍するように、凍結させて提供される)。
〔実施例1〕
58のヒト尿サンプルを、2〜50歳の範囲の年齢の22名の男性および1名の女性の提供者(15名の健常人および8名の患者)から収集した。すべての培養中で細菌汚染は見られなかった。尿サンプルを4℃、1500RPMで5分間遠心分離し、滅菌PBSで2回洗浄した。段階希釈法を使用して、細胞を平均0.5細胞/ウェルで、前駆細胞培地を有するマルチウェルプレート中に入れた。この前駆細胞培地は、3/4のDMEM、1/4のハムF12、10%のFBS、0.4mg/mlのヒドロコルチゾン、10−10Mのクロン・トキシン、5mg/mlインスリン、1.2mg/mlのアデニン、2.5mg/mlのトランスフェリン+0.136mg/mlの3,39,5−トリヨード−L−チロニン、10mg/mlのEGF、および1%のペニシリン−ストレプトマイシンを含有する(Zhang et al.,In vitro Cell Dev.Biol.−Animal 37:419,2001)。1種類の細胞を同定し、50%を超える集密度まで増殖させた。次に細胞を継代培養し、6cmの培養皿に移し、増殖させた。
尿由来の平滑筋細胞の機能特性は、コラーゲン格子を使用して細胞収縮性を求めることによって確認される。コラーゲン格子収縮アッセイ方法は、当分野において公知である(Kropp,et al.(1999)J.Urol.162:1779)。アゴニストに応答した収縮性は、格子開放の直前にアゴニストを無血清培地に加えることを除けば同様の方法で行われる。試験されるアゴニストとしてはCaイオノフォアA23187(1025M)およびKClが挙げられる。
〔実施例4〕
尿中前駆細胞の平滑筋細胞への分化に対する、上皮−間質細胞相互作用または細胞間相互作用の影響を調べるために(Staack,et al.(2005)Differentiation 73:121、DiSandro,et al.(1998)J.Urol.160:1040)、2つの共培養方法を使用する。その第1は、4.5μmのサイズ排除を有するトランスウェル(transwell)装置を使用する間接共培養である。尿平滑筋前駆細胞を、上部チャンバーのウェル上に入れ、組織生検で得た膀胱平滑筋細胞および/または尿路上皮をトランスウェルユニットの底部ウェル上に播種する(Luk,et al.(2005)J.Immunol.Methods 305:39、Gerstenfeld,et al.(2003)Connect Tissue Res.44(suppl 1):85)。第2の方法は、直接共培養法であり、0.4μmの孔径のトランスウェルインサートを使用して行われる。このトランスウェルは、基底膜として使用され、その下面上で尿中前駆細胞が培養され、一方、反対側の上面上で正常ヒト膀胱尿路上皮および平滑筋細胞が培養される(Le Visage,et al.92004)Tissue Eng.10:1426)。続いて尿細胞は、表現型の出現、分子解析、および平滑筋タンパク質発現免疫組織化学的染色によって、細胞播種から3、7、14、および28日後に評価される。
〔実施例5〕
尿中前駆細胞の膀胱粘膜下膜(BSM)および小腸粘膜下組織(SIS)上への細胞付着性、増殖、および分化を評価して、臨床応用における細胞−マトリックス相互作用を求めた。インビトロでの細胞播種構造物では、尿中前駆細胞由来の尿路上皮のBSM粘膜側への播種、尿中前駆細胞由来の平滑筋細胞の漿膜上への播種を混合培地(KSFM:DMEM、1:1)の存在下で行った。
Claims (10)
- 尿中前駆細胞の培養物を生産する方法であって、
尿サンプルを提供するステップと、続いて
尿中前駆細胞を前記尿サンプルから分離するステップと、ここで、前記分離するステップが、
(a)前記尿サンプルの遠心分離により細胞を尿サンプルから収集するステップと、これにより粗細胞サンプルが得られ、
(b)前記粗細胞サンプルを洗浄するステップと、これにより洗浄された細胞サンプルが得られ、
(c)前記洗浄された細胞サンプルから尿中前駆細胞を選別するステップとを含み、ここで、前記尿中前駆細胞を選択するステップが、
(i)尿中前駆細胞の増殖を促進する培地中に、前記洗浄された細胞サンプルを配置するステップと、次いで、
(ii)顕微鏡下で、前記洗浄された細胞サンプル中の他の細胞よりも小さくより明るい外観の細胞を尿中前駆細胞として同定するステップと、次いで、
(iii)尿中前駆細胞を培養するステップと
を含む、方法であって、
ここで、前記尿中前駆細胞が、CD117(C−kit)、SSEA−4、CD105、CD73、CD90、CD133およびCD44を発現し、CD31、CD34、および/またはCD45を発現していない、方法。 - 前記洗浄するステップが、血清を含有するリン酸緩衝食塩水による洗浄を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記尿中前駆細胞を同定するステップが、CD117(C−kit)、SSEA−4、CD105、CD73、CD90、CD133、および/またはCD44の存在と、CD31、CD34、および/またはCD45の不在とに基づいて行う同定をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記存在または前記不在がFACSによって検出される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記遠心分離が4℃、1500RPMで5分間行われ、前記粗細胞サンプルの洗浄がリン酸緩衝食塩水により行われる、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記尿中前駆細胞が哺乳動物被験体から得られる、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記尿中前駆細胞を選択培地中で培養するステップをさらに含み、前記選択培地は、尿路上皮細胞、平滑筋細胞、内皮細胞または間質細胞への分化を促進する、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記尿中前駆細胞が、
(a)前記尿中前駆細胞の尿路上皮への選択的分化を促進する、0.09mMのカルシウムを補充したケラチノサイト無血清培地、
(b)前記尿中前駆細胞の平滑筋細胞への選択的分化を促進する、10%ウシ胎児血清を補充したDMEM、
(c)前記尿中前駆細胞の内皮細胞への選択的分化を促進する、20%のFBS、1%ピルビン酸ナトリウム、1%のペニシリン−ストレプトマイシン、2mmol/lのL−グルタミン、および5nl/mlの上皮増殖因子を有するM199、および
(d)前記尿中前駆細胞の間質細胞への選択的分化を促進する、10%のFBS、1%のペニシリン−ストレプトマイシン、および2mmol/lのL−グルタミンを有するDMEM
からなる群から選択される選択培地中で培養される、請求項7に記載の方法。 - 前記尿中前駆細胞がヒト細胞である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記尿中前駆細胞がヒト細胞である、請求項7または8に記載の方法。
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