JP5954629B2 - Water and bottom purification system for bivalve aquaculture and eutrophication waters - Google Patents

Water and bottom purification system for bivalve aquaculture and eutrophication waters Download PDF

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JP5954629B2
JP5954629B2 JP2012167466A JP2012167466A JP5954629B2 JP 5954629 B2 JP5954629 B2 JP 5954629B2 JP 2012167466 A JP2012167466 A JP 2012167466A JP 2012167466 A JP2012167466 A JP 2012167466A JP 5954629 B2 JP5954629 B2 JP 5954629B2
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義裕 藤芳
義裕 藤芳
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義裕 藤芳
義裕 藤芳
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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本発明は、二枚貝類の養殖システムに関し、とくに、アサリやハマグリ、シジミのように潮流にさらされる環境で生息している二枚貝類を養殖し、なお且つその濾過性状を利用して河川や湖沼における富栄養化水域の水質及び底質を浄化するシステムに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a bivalve aquaculture system, and in particular, cultivates bivalves that live in an environment exposed to tidal currents such as clams, clams, and swordfish, and uses the filtering properties in rivers and lakes. The present invention relates to a system for purifying water quality and bottom quality of eutrophication waters.

アサリ、ハマグリ、シジミ等に代表される二枚貝類は、わが国の代表的な大衆魚介類であり、庶民が安価に取れる水産タンパク源である。しかし今日、海域の水質汚染、沿岸の護岸工事等による砂浜と干潟の減少等により、資源量及び漁獲量は激減している。現在、二枚貝類の資源量及び漁獲量を確保するため、各地で養殖が行われているが、その養殖方法の多くは、稚貝を海浜に人為的に撒いて自然環境の中で育成させるものである。しかし、このような従来の養殖方法は、海域の環境変化に影響され、生産コストも決して安価ではなく、かつ安定した量を市場に供給できない。   Bivalves represented by clams, clams, swordfish, etc. are the most popular fish and shellfish in Japan and are a source of marine protein that can be obtained at low cost by the common people. Today, however, the amount of resources and catch is drastically reduced due to water pollution in the sea area and the decrease in sandy beaches and tidal flats due to coastal revetment work. Currently, in order to secure the resources and catch of bivalves, aquaculture is carried out in various places, but most of the cultivation methods are artificially sprinkling juveniles on the beach to grow them in the natural environment. It is. However, such a conventional aquaculture method is affected by environmental changes in the sea area, the production cost is not cheap, and a stable amount cannot be supplied to the market.

従来の貝類養殖装置として提案されている技術を大きく分類すると、海中養殖と陸上養殖とに分けられる。海中での養殖装置は稚貝を付着させる板等を網で囲んで海中に下ろして育成させるため、自然な生息状態に比較的近い環境を整え易いというメリットがある（特許文献１及び特許文献２参照。）。しかし、二枚貝類は売価が安いということもあり、生産コストが課題となって養殖魚介類としては低位に留まっている。とくに、陸上養殖に至ってはコスト面が課題となってほとんど実施されていないのが現状である。   The technologies that have been proposed as conventional shellfish farming devices can be broadly classified into submerged farming and land farming. The underwater aquaculture device has a merit that it is easy to prepare an environment that is relatively close to the natural habitat state because it is brought up under the sea by surrounding a plate or the like on which a juvenile shellfish is attached with a net (Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). reference.). However, the bivalve shellfish have a low selling price, and the production cost is an issue, and it remains low as a cultured seafood. In particular, the current situation is that land farming is hardly implemented due to cost issues.

例えば、特許文献３には、陸上におけるアワビの養殖施設が記載されている。このアワビの養殖施設は、アワビの飼育水槽を多段に設置し、この飼育水槽に海水を供給する給水管とオーバーフロー管を備え、さらに飼育水槽に給気管及び給餌場が付設されている。そして、ポンプで給水管に海水を流入させると共に、オーバーフロー管を下げることによって海水を下段の水槽へ流し、海水の流動を促進させる。また、給気管にはブロアーで空気を吸入し、圧縮空気を泡状に噴出させる。これにより溶存酸素の補給を行うようになっている。   For example, Patent Document 3 describes an abalone culture facility on land. This abalone culture facility has abalone breeding tanks installed in multiple stages, provided with a water supply pipe and an overflow pipe for supplying seawater to the breeding tank, and further provided with an air supply pipe and a feeding station. And while making seawater flow into a water supply pipe with a pump and lowering | hanging an overflow pipe, seawater is flowed into a lower tank, and the flow of seawater is promoted. In addition, air is sucked into the air supply pipe by a blower, and compressed air is ejected in the form of bubbles. As a result, replenishment of dissolved oxygen is performed.

一方、二枚貝類の環境に及ぼす作用をみると、二枚貝の摂餌方法は、海水中に浮遊懸濁している微細な植物プランクトンやそれらの破片であるデトライタスをエラによって濾過し、その濾過能力をみると、殻長３ｃｍ程度のアサリで一日当たり海水約３リットルを濾過しており、富栄養化物質を除去する海域浄化に貢献している。   On the other hand, looking at the effects of bivalves on the environment, the bivalve feeding method is to filter the fine phytoplankton suspended in the seawater and the detritus, which is a fragment of them, by gills and see the filtration capacity In addition, about 3 liters of seawater per day is filtered with a clam with a shell length of about 3 cm, which contributes to the purification of the sea area to remove eutrophication substances.

つまり、アサリ貝、シジミ貝に代表される二枚貝類は、濾過食と呼ばれ、呼吸のためにエラを通過する水中に含まれる粒状有機物（植物プランクトンやデトライタス「生物砕片」）をエラの間隙で濾過補足した後に口に運んで摂食する濾過食者（フィルターフィーダー）である。   In other words, bivalves represented by clams and swordfish shells are called filtered food, and granular organic substances (phytoplankton and detritus "biological debris") contained in the water that passes through the gills for respiration are caught in the gaps between the gills. It is a filter eater (filter feeder) who feeds and eats after supplementing filtration.

そして、水中に含まれる粒状有機物や粒状鉱物質（シルト、粘土）は、水中を透過する太陽光を阻害して濁度を増加する濁水の主要因物質である。したがって、懸濁物質が浮遊する汚水中にアサリ貝、シジミ貝等の二枚貝を配置すれば、粒状浮遊懸濁物質を濾過摂食するために、水中の粒状浮遊懸濁物質は減少して、水は光の透過性が増して清浄性が向上する。加えて二枚貝は飼料を得られるために生育することになる。   And the granular organic substance and granular mineral (silt, clay) contained in water are the main factor substances of the muddy water which inhibits the sunlight which permeate | transmits water and increases turbidity. Therefore, if clams such as clams and swordfish shells are placed in the sewage in which suspended solids float, the particulate suspended suspended matter in the water is reduced and water is consumed in order to feed the particulate suspended suspended matter. Increases the light transmission and improves the cleanliness. In addition, bivalves grow to obtain feed.

この二枚貝類による水の浄化能力は、近年は広く知られるようになっており、その濾過食性状を利用した水質浄化技術が種々提案されている。例えば、赤潮の原因となるプランクトンの生棲する海洋又は湖沼中に高速水噴流を噴出して、この水噴流に生じるキャビテーションの作用でプランクトンを分解する水質浄化装置が提案されている（特許文献４参照。）。また、勳炭や竹炭等のバイオマス材に植物プランクトンを吸着させて赤潮の解消を図るもの（特許文献５参照。）。水中のプランクトンを摂食する二枚貝やフジツボ等の顎脚類等の底生動物または好気性微生物を利用して水域の浄化を図る装置が提案されている（特許文献６参照。）。同様に貝の摂食を利用したものとして、例えば、特許文献７には、廃タイヤ等の環状体の周囲に発泡浮力体を一体として浮遊体を形成し、この浮遊体の中央開口部に籠状メッシュ材を浮遊体下部に垂下するように取り付け、その内部にシジミ貝を収容して富栄養化の進んだ汽水域や淡水域に配置し、シジミ貝の濾過食性により水質浄化も図ることができる水産資源飼育システムが、さらに、特許文献８には、特許文献７に記載されたシステムに、流水発生手段と浮遊体の中央部開口部に円筒管を配して貫通穴を付加した提案されている。閉鎖性湖水に養殖棚浮上したシジミの養殖法が提案されている（特許文献９参照。）。   In recent years, the water purification ability of these bivalves has become widely known, and various water quality purification techniques using the filtered food properties have been proposed. For example, there has been proposed a water purification device that ejects a high-speed water jet into the ocean or lake in which plankton is a cause of red tide and decomposes plankton by the action of cavitation generated in this water jet (Patent Document 4). reference.). In addition, it is intended to eliminate red tide by adsorbing phytoplankton to biomass materials such as wood charcoal and bamboo charcoal (see Patent Document 5). An apparatus for purifying water bodies using benthic animals such as bivalves and barnacles such as barnacles that feed on plankton in water or aerobic microorganisms has been proposed (see Patent Document 6). Similarly, for example, in Patent Document 7, a floating body is integrally formed around a ring body such as a waste tire, and a floating body is formed around the annular body such as a waste tire. A squirrel-like mesh material is attached so as to hang down to the bottom of the floating body, and swordfish shells are housed inside it and placed in eutrophicated brackish waters and freshwater waters. Further, a marine resource rearing system that can be produced is proposed in Patent Document 8 in which a cylindrical tube is provided in the central opening of the floating water generating means and the floating body in addition to the system described in Patent Document 7. ing. A method for cultivating rainbow trout floating on a closed shelf in a closed lake has been proposed (see Patent Document 9).

特許第３９１３６６９号公報Japanese Patent No. 3913669 特許第３９７９７４６号公報Japanese Patent No. 397746 特許第３４９３３５７号公報Japanese Patent No. 3493357 特許第３６６７５４１号公報Japanese Patent No. 3667541 特開２００６−４３６７１号公報JP 2006-43671 A 特許第３４９３３５７号公報Japanese Patent No. 3493357 特開２００８−２６３７８７号公報JP 2008-263787 A 特開２００９−２７３４４０号公報JP 2009-273440 A 特開２０１０−２５９４２１号公報JP 2010-259421 A

このように、濁水中に二枚貝を配置することで、水の浄化は進むことになるが、これらアサリ貝、シジミ貝等の二枚貝は、自然状態では底質砂中に潜砂して、水管により水底直上の水しか浄化しないことになる。加えてこれら二枚貝より排出される糞や偽糞と呼ばれる有機物の凝集体は、水底中に排出されて、底質有機物汚染を増大させる可能性も同時に持っている。   In this way, the bivalves are placed in muddy water, and the purification of the water will proceed, but these clams such as clams and swordfish shells are submerged in sediment sand in the natural state, Only the water directly above the bottom of the water will be purified. In addition, agglomerates of organic matter called feces or fake feces discharged from these bivalves have the potential to be discharged into the bottom of the water and increase sediment organic matter contamination.

本発明もまた、上記従来技術の課題に鑑み、単位面積当たりの収穫量を飛躍的に増大させて安価かつ安定して市場に供給することができるばかりでなく、化学薬品系、微生物処理系、物理濾過系の浄化システムの持つ生態系汚染物質の拡散という公害を防止することができる二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システムを提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention not only can dramatically increase the yield per unit area and supply it to the market inexpensively and stably, but also a chemical system, a microbial treatment system, It is an object of the present invention to provide a water quality and bottom quality purification system for bivalve aquaculture and eutrophication water areas that can prevent the pollution of the diffusion of ecosystem pollutants in the physical filtration system purification system.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明の請求項１に係る二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システムは、二枚貝等の底棲生物の育成床となる複数の皿状容器を鉛直方向に階層し、当該階層育成床を鉛直方向に貫通する中央空洞及びこの空洞と通ずる各育成床間に水平方向の間隙を画成すると共に、前記中央部空洞上端に流出方向変更フィンを設けた養殖装置を富栄養化汚濁水域中に浸漬し、前記底棲生物を生きた活動状態にせしめ、その濾過食性状によって当該汚濁水中の粒状有機物を除去して水質及び底質を浄化することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the water quality and bottom sediment purification system of the bivalve cultivation and eutrophication water area according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a plurality of dish-like containers that serve as a breeding bed for benthic organisms such as bivalves. A vertical cavity, a central cavity penetrating the hierarchical growth floor in the vertical direction, and a horizontal gap between the growth floors communicating with the cavity are provided, and an outflow direction changing fin is provided at the upper end of the central cavity. The aquaculture device is immersed in the eutrophication polluted water area, the bottom shark organism is brought into a lively active state, and particulate organic matter in the polluted water is removed by the filtered food properties to purify the water quality and the bottom sediment. Features.

請求項２に係る二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システムは、皿状容器を分割可能に構成したことを特徴とする。   The water quality and bottom sediment purification system of the bivalve aquaculture and eutrophication water area according to claim 2 is characterized in that the dish-shaped container can be divided.

請求項３に係る二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システムは、装置内外へ水を流動するべく、気泡発生器若しくは水流発生器を備えたことを特徴とする。   The water quality and bottom sediment purification system of the bivalve aquaculture and eutrophication water area according to claim 3 is provided with a bubble generator or a water flow generator to flow water into and out of the apparatus.

請求項４に係る二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システムは、給排水管及び弁を備え、当該水域の水位及び給排水量を調整可能にしたことを特徴とする。   The water quality and bottom sediment purification system of the bivalve aquaculture and eutrophication water area according to claim 4 includes a water supply / drain pipe and a valve, and the water level and the water supply / drainage quantity of the water area can be adjusted.

請求項５に係る二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システムは、階層育成床を網体で包囲したことを特徴とする。 The water quality and bottom sediment purification system of the bivalve aquaculture and eutrophication water area according to claim 5 is characterized in that the layered floor is surrounded by a net.

請求項６に係る二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システムは、階層育成床の下部に不浸透シートをスカート様に垂らして取り付け、不浸透シートにより形成された筒状水域内に上昇流が発生し、下層域の水が表層に対流するようにしたことを特徴とする。
The water quality and bottom sediment purification system of the bivalve culturing and eutrophication water area according to claim 6 is a cylindrical water area formed by an impervious sheet attached to the lower part of the hierarchical growth floor by hanging an impervious sheet like a skirt. It is characterized in that an upward flow is generated inside and the water in the lower layer is convected to the surface layer.

従来の海浜を利用した養殖方法が、いわば「平屋建ての住宅」であるのに対し、本装置は「高層の集合住宅」といえ、生産効率を飛躍的に高めるものである。さらに、生産効率を高めるため、階層した育成床を鉛直方向に貫通する中心空洞及びこの空洞と通ずる各育成床間に水平方向の間隙を設け、装置内の水の流動を促進させる。さらに、本装置内外へ水がより流動するよう、気泡発生器若しくは水流発生器を設置する。さらに、人為的に育成環境を制御するため、給水管及び弁を水域中に納め、水域の水位及び給排水量を調整する。これにより、水槽や配置された水域内の汚濁物や餌量の調整を可能とし、より生産効率を高めることができる。   Whereas the conventional aquaculture method using the beach is a “one-story house”, this device can be said to be a “high-rise apartment house” and dramatically increase production efficiency. Further, in order to increase the production efficiency, a horizontal cavity is provided between the center cavity vertically passing through the layered growth floors and the respective growth beds communicating with the cavities to promote the flow of water in the apparatus. Furthermore, a bubble generator or a water flow generator is installed so that water can flow more into and out of the apparatus. Furthermore, in order to artificially control the cultivation environment, water supply pipes and valves are placed in the water area, and the water level and water supply / drainage amount in the water area are adjusted. As a result, it is possible to adjust the amount of contaminants and the amount of food in the aquarium and the disposed water area, and the production efficiency can be further increased.

本装置を汚濁水域水面下に設置する場合、水中及び水底上に設置可能であり、水中に鉛直方向及び平面方向の３次元的に多数個の二枚貝を配置できる。つまり、育成床の重層設置が可能となっている。加えて、水底上に設置した場合、二枚貝から排出される糞や偽糞を水底に落下、堆積させずに中央部導水管を通してブロアーにより供給される空気泡の上昇力を利用して水底への有機物の堆積、蓄積の防止にも寄与する。つまり、本装置に二枚貝等の底棲生物を多数収容して生きた活動状態にせしめて育成することで、汚濁水域の水質のみならず底質の浄化機能も発揮する。   When this apparatus is installed below the surface of a polluted water area, it can be installed in water and on the bottom of the water, and a large number of bivalves can be arranged three-dimensionally in the vertical and planar directions in the water. That is, it is possible to install multiple layers of breeding floors. In addition, when installed on the bottom of the water, the feces and false feces discharged from the bivalve fall on the bottom of the water and do not accumulate, but use the ascending force of the air bubbles supplied by the blower through the central conduit to the bottom of the water. It also contributes to the prevention of accumulation and accumulation of organic matter. In other words, a large number of benthic organisms such as bivalves are housed in this device and brought to life and nurtured, so that not only the water quality of the polluted water area but also the purification function of the bottom sediment is exhibited.

本発明に係る養殖装置の一実施例を示すスケルトン斜視図である。It is a skeleton perspective view which shows one Example of the culture apparatus which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る養殖装置の他の実施例を示すスケルトン斜視図である。It is a skeleton perspective view which shows the other Example of the culture apparatus which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る養殖装置の他の実施例を示すスケルトン斜視図である。It is a skeleton perspective view which shows the other Example of the culture apparatus which concerns on this invention. 育成皿（育成床）を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows a cultivation dish (growth floor). 本発明に係る閉水状態を示す養殖装置の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the aquaculture apparatus which shows the closed water state which concerns on this invention. 多段式育成皿の一実施例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows one Example of a multistage type cultivation dish. 外部水槽を使用しない育成装置単独での水の流動を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the flow of water with the growing apparatus independent which does not use an external water tank. 給水管上部から給水した場合の水の流動を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the flow of the water at the time of supplying water from a water supply pipe upper part. 多段式育装置に流水方向変更フィンを取り付けた状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the flowing water direction change fin to the multistage type growing apparatus. 流水方向変更フィン取り付けた養殖装置単独での水の流動を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the flow of the water by the culture apparatus single which attached the flowing water direction change fin. （ａ）は複数の養殖装置を水底に直接設置した状態を示す縦断面図、（ｂ）は複数の養殖装置をヘドロ層上の架台に設置した状態を示す断面図である。(A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which installed the some culture apparatus directly on the water bottom, (b) is sectional drawing which shows the state which installed the some culture apparatus on the mount on a sludge layer. 多段式育装置に網体を捲巻した状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which wound the net | network body on the multistage-type growth apparatus. 本発明装置を設置した浮遊式養殖生簀の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the floating culture ginger which installed this invention apparatus. 本発明に係る二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システムの浮遊式養殖プラントの模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the floating culture plant of the water quality and bottom sediment purification system of the cultivation and eutrophication water area of a bivalve according to the present invention. 浮遊式養殖プラントにスカートを取り付けた状態を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the state which attached the skirt to the floating culture plant. 育成床における二枚貝類の生息状態を一例を示す要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing which shows an example of the habitat state of the bivalve in a breeding floor.

本発明に係る養殖装置１の基本構造は、図１及び図２に示すように、円形の育成皿２を多段に複数枚積層して、積層された育成皿２の中央部は水槽３内で底部から上部まで円管状の中央空洞４が形成される構造となっている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the basic structure of the aquaculture apparatus 1 according to the present invention is such that a plurality of circular growth dishes 2 are stacked in multiple stages, and the central portion of the stacked growth dishes 2 is within a water tank 3. A circular tubular central cavity 4 is formed from the bottom to the top.

ここで、育成皿２は、円周方向に扇状に分割された４つの貝収容部２ａを組み合わせて構成されており、貝収容部２ａの底面にはパンチングメタルあるいはメッシュフィルター等の網体２ｂが張設されている。そして、育成皿２を鉛直方向に積層することで、育成皿２の弧状凹所２ｃが階層して中心軸線上に円管状の中央空洞４が画成されるようになっている。このように育成皿２を分割して構成することで観察や収穫を容易に行うことができる。   Here, the growing dish 2 is configured by combining four shell housing portions 2a divided in a fan shape in the circumferential direction, and a net body 2b such as a punching metal or a mesh filter is formed on the bottom surface of the shell housing portion 2a. It is stretched. Then, by stacking the growth dishes 2 in the vertical direction, the arcuate recesses 2c of the growth dishes 2 are layered so that a cylindrical central cavity 4 is defined on the central axis. Thus, observation and harvesting can be easily performed by dividing and constructing the growing dish 2.

二枚貝Ｓが潜砂した状態の育成皿２の断面を図１６に示す。二枚貝Ｓの本体は潜砂した砂６中にあるが、呼吸のため溶存酸素の取り込みと餌である海中の懸濁態有機物の取り込みは、入水管Ｓａ及び出水管Ｓｂを砂６上に露出して砂面直上の海水Ｗから吸水、濾過摂食する。したがって、これら二枚貝Ｓが生息するための重要な条件は、砂面直上の育成環境をいかに良好にするかということである。例えば、アサリは砂面直上数センチ程度の幅の海水しか吸水することができない。それより上層にどれだけ良い海水があろうが、餌があろうが関係ない。   FIG. 16 shows a cross section of the growth dish 2 in a state where the bivalve S is submerged. Although the main body of the bivalve S is in the submerged sand 6, the intake of dissolved oxygen and the intake of suspended organic matter in the sea, which is the food for respiration, expose the inlet pipe Sa and outlet pipe Sb on the sand 6. The water is absorbed and filtered from the seawater W just above the sand surface. Therefore, an important condition for these bivalves S to inhabit is how to improve the breeding environment just above the sand surface. For example, clams can only absorb seawater with a width of several centimeters directly above the sand surface. It doesn't matter how good sea water there is above it, or whether it's food.

図２に示す装置は、この円管状の中心空洞４内に円筒管５を差し入れ係合させた構造となっている。円筒管５の表面任意箇所には、育成皿２の接触面の弧凹所２ｃの係合ディンプル２ｄに雌雄嵌合する突起５ａが形成されている。   The apparatus shown in FIG. 2 has a structure in which a cylindrical tube 5 is inserted into and engaged with the cylindrical central cavity 4. A protrusion 5a is formed at an arbitrary position on the surface of the cylindrical tube 5 so as to be fitted into the engagement dimple 2d of the arc recess 2c of the contact surface of the growth dish 2.

図３に示す養殖装置１は中央空洞４を錐形板２eの積層によって区画形成する構成となっている。このように、中心空洞４の形状は上述のような円管形に限定されるものではなく、例えば矩形管形でも楕円管形でも構わない。また、各実施例装置の底部は空間ができるように上げ底構造となっているが、使用状況によっては底面を基端としても構わない。   The aquaculture apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 3 has a configuration in which the central cavity 4 is partitioned by the lamination of the conical plates 2e. Thus, the shape of the central cavity 4 is not limited to the circular tube shape as described above, and may be, for example, a rectangular tube shape or an elliptic tube shape. Moreover, although the bottom part of each Example apparatus has the raising bottom structure so that space may be made, you may use a bottom face as a base end depending on a use condition.

本実施例に係る育成皿２は、図１に示すように扇状に分割されているが、円形の一体構造としてもよく、使用時、作製時の状況に応じて適宜変更が可能であり、その機能が発揮できる構造体であれば、その形状は限定されない。また、上述したように、貝収容部２ａの底部は、穴開きパンチング構造、あるいはメッシュフィルター構造となっており、育成に使用される海水、淡水が通過できる構造となっているが、使用状況によっては底板を水が浸透しない構造としても構わない。   The growth dish 2 according to the present embodiment is divided into a fan shape as shown in FIG. 1, but it may have a circular integrated structure, and can be appropriately changed according to the situation at the time of use and production. The shape of the structure is not limited as long as the structure can exhibit the function. In addition, as described above, the bottom of the shell housing portion 2a has a perforated punching structure or a mesh filter structure, and has a structure through which seawater and fresh water used for growth can pass. The bottom plate may have a structure in which water does not penetrate.

本発明装置の最大の特徴は、育成皿２を多段に階層したときに積層体の中心軸上に煙突様の中心空洞４が画成されることにあり、育成皿２の外周縁は、重ね合わせたときに隙間Ｄ１ができる構造とされている点にある。尚、本実施例では、育成皿２の外形を円形で説明しているが、その機能、作用が維持されるなら、楕円でも矩形でもよい。 The greatest feature of the apparatus of the present invention is that a chimney-like central cavity 4 is defined on the central axis of the laminate when the growth dishes 2 are layered in multiple stages. fit lies in being a structure that a gap D 1 when the. In the present embodiment, the outer shape of the growth dish 2 is described as a circle, but may be oval or rectangular as long as the function and action are maintained.

また、本実施例では、アサリ、ハマグリ等の底棲二枚貝を養殖する場合について説明しているが、育成する底棲生物はこれらに限定されず、牡蠣、シジミ貝等の淡水で成長する貝類についても適用できる。また、エビ等の甲殻類やナマコ類やゴカイ等の底棲生物についても適用できる。   In addition, in this embodiment, the case of cultivating bivalve molluscs such as clams and clams is described, but the mollusc organisms to be cultivated are not limited to these, and shellfish that grow in fresh water such as oysters and swordfish Is also applicable. It can also be applied to crustaceans such as shrimp, sea cucumbers, and benthic organisms such as sea bream.

各段の育成皿２には、図４に示すように、対象貝類Ｓに適した多孔質培土として知られるボラ土等の育成培地６を皿の上部まで敷き詰め、そこにアサリ、ハマグリ等の育成対象貝類Ｓを載置する。アサリ、ハマグリは装置稼動後に自ら潜土して生きたまま安定生息状態となる。   As shown in FIG. 4, a growth medium 6 such as bora soil known as a porous medium suitable for the target shellfish S is laid on the upper part of the dish on the growth dish 2 at each stage, and clams, clams, etc. are grown there. The target shellfish S is placed. Clams and clams will live in a stable habitat after being operated.

本発明に係る養殖装置１は、育成皿２を水槽３内に多段に組上げた後に注水する。つまり、本養殖装置１は砂浜海岸を階層した構造となり、装置の設置面積に対する養殖培地６の面積を飛躍的に引き上げている。尚、養殖装置１内で貝類を育成するためには、海水を流動させる必要があり、海水を流動させるためには、下記に詳述する方法が採用されるが、利用状況に合わせて選択、またこれらを合成した手法を用いても構わない。   The aquaculture apparatus 1 according to the present invention pours water after assembling the growth dish 2 in the water tank 3 in multiple stages. That is, this aquaculture device 1 has a structure in which the sandy beach is layered, and the area of the culture medium 6 with respect to the installation area of the device is dramatically increased. In addition, in order to grow shellfish in the aquaculture apparatus 1, it is necessary to make seawater flow, and in order to make seawater flow, the method explained in full detail below is employ | adopted, but it selects according to a utilization condition, Moreover, you may use the method which synthesize | combined these.

ここで、微小気泡による曝気、すなわちエアレーションによる上昇流と水槽３の下部からの給水による水槽内の水流の動きを説明する。図５に示すように、水槽３内にある海水Ｗ及び給水された海水Ｗは、気泡の上昇力と給水された水圧で中心部空洞４内を上昇するが、その際に各段の育成皿２の中心開口部から流動する海水Ｗの連行作用によって、各育成皿２の段間の間隙Ｄ１に存在する海水Ｗが空洞４に吸い込まれていく。空洞４に吸い込まれた海水Ｗは、空洞４内を他の間隙Ｄ１から吸水された海水Ｗと共に水槽３の上部まで到達した後に当然排出されるが、その他の海水Ｗは育成皿２と水槽３の壁面間の間隙Ｄ２から各階層の間隙Ｄ１に戻り循環流を形成する。また、育成皿２に敷き詰めた砂等の養殖培地６の空隙を浸透濾過して下段の間隙Ｄ１に流動する。これにより、酸素を十分含んだ水流を効率的に供給でき、呼吸がし易く潮通しのよい生息環境を提供することができる。 Here, the movement of the water flow in the water tank by the aeration by the microbubbles, that is, the upward flow by the aeration and the water supply from the lower part of the water tank 3 will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the seawater W in the water tank 3 and the supplied seawater W rise in the central cavity 4 by the ascending force of the bubbles and the supplied water pressure. the entraining action of the seawater W which flows from the second central opening, the seawater W which exists in the gap D 1 of the inter-stage the cultivating trays 2 is gradually drawn into the cavity 4. Seawater W sucked into the cavity 4, of course are discharged after reaching the cavity 4 from the other gap D 1 to the top of the water tank 3 with water seawater W, other seawater W is cultivating trays 2 and the water tank return from the gap D 2 between the third wall surface in the gap D 1 of the respective layers to form a circulating flow. Further, the gap farming medium 6 such as sand spread in cultivating trays 2 by osmosis filtration flow in the lower part of the gap D 1. As a result, it is possible to efficiently supply a water flow sufficiently containing oxygen, and to provide a habitat that is easy to breathe and has good tide.

次に、上述した二枚貝の多段式育成装置を、水質及び底質の浄化装置或いは浄化プラントを兼用した育成装置として使用する場合について説明する。つまり、本発明装置を汚濁水域に設置することで、従来の化学薬品系、微生物処理系、物理濾過系の浄化システムの欠点である生態系汚染物質の拡散や維持コストの高額性を排除し、自然やそこで遊ぶ子供達に最も優しい環境保全型の浄化プラントを提供することができる。また、例えば、河川改修による生息環境の変化や食用として持ち込まれたタイワンシジミの繁殖等により本邦固有の在来種であるマシジミが激減しているという問題があり、このマシジミ再生等にも貢献できる。   Next, the case where the above-mentioned bivalve multistage growth apparatus is used as a water quality and bottom purification apparatus or a growth apparatus that also serves as a purification plant will be described. In other words, by installing the device of the present invention in a polluted water area, it eliminates the expensiveness of diffusion and maintenance costs of ecosystem pollutants, which are disadvantages of the conventional chemical system, microbial treatment system, and physical filtration system purification system, We can provide the most environmentally friendly purification plant for nature and the children who play there. In addition, for example, there is a problem that the Japanese native rainbow trout is drastically reduced due to changes in the habitat due to river renovation and the breeding of Thai rainbow trout brought in for food, which can contribute to the regeneration of this rainbow trout .

以下、本発明に係る養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システムについて説明するが、便宜上、実施例１と同様の構成要素には同一の参照符号を付して説明する。
本システムで使用する装置１は、図６及び図７に示すように、円柱を輪切りにした形状の育成皿２を複数床積層したものであり、その中央部に設置水域の底部から上部水面付近まで空洞４が形成され、その空洞４内に上下方向に配されたエアホース８と、その下端に接続されたエアストーン（曝気装置）７とを備えた構造となっている。ここで、育成皿２の空洞４部分にはエアストーン７のエアレーションよる各育成皿２への通気路としての凹所２ｄが形成されている。すなわち、実施例１に示す育成装置１から水槽３を省いた構成が大凡の形態とされている。 Hereinafter, the aquaculture and eutrophication water area water quality and bottom sediment purification system according to the present invention will be described. For convenience, the same components as those in the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the apparatus 1 used in this system is a stack of a plurality of growth dishes 2 each having a circular shape of a cylinder, and has a central portion near the upper water surface from the bottom of the installation water area. Cavity 4 is formed up to this point, and air hose 8 arranged in the vertical direction in cavity 4 and air stone (aeration device) 7 connected to the lower end thereof are provided. Here, in the cavity 4 portion of the growth dish 2, a recess 2 d is formed as a ventilation path to each growth dish 2 by aeration of the air stone 7. That is, the configuration in which the water tank 3 is omitted from the growing apparatus 1 shown in the first embodiment is a rough form.

［水質、底質浄化の併用効果を促進する原理の説明］
尚、本育成装置１は、各段育成皿２内に砂等の培地を収容することなく、二枚貝のみを収容するだけでも十分に育成可能であり、その場合、極めて高密度で育成することができる。しかしながら、水質及び底質の浄化を考慮すると、例えば、ボラ土、軽石、サンゴ砂、木炭等の多孔質な性状を備えた培地、或いは荒砂等に空隙を生じる素材を混入することで、有機物分解を促進させる好気性バクテリアの着生及び生育を促進することができる。そして、育成装置１を富栄養化汚濁水域中に浸漬し、二枚貝等の底棲生物を生きた活動状態にせしめ、その濾過食性状によって汚濁水中の粒状有機物を除去して水質及び底質の浄化を図るものである。 [Description of the principle that promotes the combined effect of water quality and bottom purification]
In addition, this growth apparatus 1 can fully grow only by accommodating a bivalve, without accommodating culture media, such as sand, in each step growth dish 2, In that case, it can grow at very high density. it can. However, considering the purification of water and sediment, organic matter decomposition can be achieved by mixing porous materials such as borax, pumice, coral sand, charcoal, etc. It is possible to promote the growth and growth of aerobic bacteria that promote the growth. Then, the cultivating apparatus 1 is immersed in the eutrophication polluted water area, and the bottom shark organisms such as bivalves are brought into a living active state, and the particulate organic matter in the polluted water is removed by the filtered food properties to purify the water quality and the bottom sediment. Is intended.

また、中央部空洞４内下部よりブロアー、コンプレッサー等で作られた圧縮空気をエアストーン７等の散気管により発泡させて曝気することにより、空洞内に上昇水流を発生させ、各段育成皿２間の間隙Ｄ１内に流動させながら水中に酸素を溶存増加することができるようにされている。これにより富栄養化水質で起こる低酸素、貧酸素状態の水域でも稼動維持を可能とした。したがって、赤潮発生海域のような高濃度有機物による貧酸素水域にあっては、赤潮除去装置として機能する。 In addition, the compressed air produced by a blower, a compressor, etc. from the lower part of the central cavity 4 is foamed by aeration pipes such as an air stone 7 and aerated so as to generate an ascending water flow in the cavity. while flowing in the gap D 1 between being oxygen into water can be increased dissolved. This enabled operation and maintenance even in low-oxygen and poor-oxygen water areas that occur due to eutrophication water quality. Therefore, it functions as a red tide removal device in an anoxic water area due to high-concentration organic matter such as a red tide generation sea area.

また、溶存酸素が豊富な良好な水質環境であれば、強制的な散気や曝気を要せず、図８に示すように、中央部空洞４上部に円筒管５等を接続し、そこからから富栄養化水を給水流入させても同様の効果が得られる。さらに、流動性がある水域であれば、育成皿２間の間隙Ｄ１内の流動が自然の状態で得られるので、中央部空洞構造は不要となり同様の機能を果たす。 Further, in a good water quality environment rich in dissolved oxygen, no forced aeration or aeration is required, and a cylindrical tube 5 or the like is connected to the upper part of the central cavity 4 as shown in FIG. The same effect can be obtained even if eutrophication water is fed into the water supply. Further, if the water area where there is a fluidity, since the flow in the gap D 1 of the between cultivating trays 2 are obtained in a natural state, the central portion cavity structure functions similarly to become unnecessary.

図９に示すように、中央部空洞４上部に流水方向変更フィン９を付帯することで、育成皿２の最上部の中央部空洞からの吐出水の流出方向を任意に変更することができる。そして、この多段式育成装置１を群集して設置した場合には、育成装置１上部水域の流状環境を人為的に制御することができる。   As shown in FIG. 9, the flow direction of the discharge water from the uppermost central cavity of the growth dish 2 can be arbitrarily changed by attaching the flowing water direction changing fin 9 to the upper part of the central cavity 4. And when this multistage type growing apparatus 1 is installed in a cluster, the flow environment in the upper water area of the growing apparatus 1 can be artificially controlled.

本発明システムは下記のように使用できる。
（１）河川、湖沼、浅瀬海域等の深度の浅い水域における利用
図１１に示すように、河川や湖沼或いは浅瀬海域等の深度の浅い水域で水底を利用して設置ができる場所では、多段式育成装置１をその水深に応じて積層して設置する。尚、水底部Ｂに沈殿した有機物等を含有する泥ＨＢ（以下、単にヘドロという）の層が厚い場合は、水底部Ｂに装置を直接置くと大量のヘドロを巻き上げてしまうため、ヘドロの上層境界面付近に架台１０等を介して上底式に設置する。また、設置水域が、水の流動が少ない止水或いは停滞水域での水の流動が少ない場合は、流水方向変更フィン９を操作して、富栄養化水を十分に曝気しながら対流するように水流方向を調節する。尚、エアーブロー或いはコンプレッサーを稼動させる電力は、商用電源の使用は勿論であるが、太陽光発電等の自然エネルギーを利用した自家発電により供給するものであればさらによい。
（２）浄化施設等の富栄養化水を陸上に揚水或いは引き込んで利用する場合
基本的には、上記（１）の水底設置方法と同じである。浄化施設の場合は、富栄養化水を揚水或いは引き込み水により貯水槽や水路状貯水槽の水面付近まで積層した複数の多段式育成装置を、平面的にも水槽を満たすように分布配置する。これにより、浄化効果を格段に向上することができる。このように浄化槽を構成した場合、収容した二枚貝の摂餌量が不足しないように給水量を調整する。
（３）ダム湖、貯水池、入り江等の深度の深い水域での利用（浮体利用）
ダム湖、貯水池、入り江等の比較的水深があり、底置き設置が困難な水域では、水中に浮べて設置する。水中設置法としては、後述する二つの方法が考えられるが、いずれの場合も波浪による育成装置１の揺動や振動を考慮しておく必要がある。 The system of the present invention can be used as follows.
(1) Use in shallow water such as rivers, lakes, and shallow waters As shown in Fig. 11, in a place where water bottoms can be used in shallow waters such as rivers, lakes, or shallow waters, a multistage system is used. The growing device 1 is stacked and installed according to the water depth. In addition, when the layer of mud HB (hereinafter, simply referred to as sludge) containing organic matter or the like precipitated on the bottom B is thick, if a device is placed directly on the bottom B, a large amount of sludge is wound up. It is installed in the vicinity of the boundary surface in a top-bottom manner via a gantry 10 or the like. In addition, when the installed water area has little water flow or water flow in a stagnant water area, the water flow direction change fin 9 is operated so that the eutrophication water is sufficiently aerated and convected. Adjust the direction of water flow. The electric power for operating the air blower or the compressor is not limited to the use of a commercial power supply, but may be further provided that it is supplied by private power generation using natural energy such as solar power generation.
(2) When eutrophic water from purification facilities is pumped or used on land, it is basically the same as the water bottom installation method in (1) above. In the case of a purification facility, a plurality of multi-stage growth apparatuses in which eutrophication water is stacked up to the vicinity of the water surface of a water storage tank or a water channel storage tank by pumping or drawing water are distributed and arranged so as to fill the water tank in plan view. Thereby, a purification effect can be improved significantly. When the septic tank is configured in this way, the amount of water supply is adjusted so that the amount of food contained in the contained bivalves is not insufficient.
(3) Use in deep waters such as dam lakes, reservoirs, and bays (use of floating bodies)
In water areas where dam lakes, reservoirs, bays, etc. are relatively deep and difficult to install at the bottom, they should be floated in the water. As the underwater installation method, the following two methods are conceivable. In either case, it is necessary to consider the oscillation and vibration of the growing apparatus 1 due to waves.

そこで、波浪による育成装置１の揺動や振動によって育成皿２内の二枚貝Ｓや培地６が間隙Ｄ１から抜け落ちることを防止する脱落防止ネット１１を図１２に示す。育成装置１の周囲に捲巻して使用する。つまり、育成皿２間の間隙Ｄ１から二枚貝Ｓやボラ土等の培地６が抜け落ちない程度の網目構造を備えたシート状物であればよく、その材質や装着方法に特段の工夫は要さない。尚、この脱落防止ネット１１を張設する方法は、底置き方法においても波浪による育成装置１の転倒や段のズレにも有効である。また、魚類や甲殻類等の二枚貝Ｓの捕食生物の侵入を防止する効果もある。 Therefore, indicating the captive net 11 for preventing the bivalves S or medium 6 in cultivating trays 2 by the swinging or vibration of the growing apparatus 1 according waves falling out from the gap D 1 in FIG. 12. It is used by winding it around the growing device 1. That may be a sheet material medium 6 such as bivalves S and Bora soil from the gap D 1 is provided with a network structure that will not fall out between the cultivating trays 2, special ingenuity in the material and mounting method requiring Absent. In addition, the method of stretching the drop-off prevention net 11 is effective for the falling of the growth device 1 and the deviation of the stage due to the waves even in the bottom placement method. It also has an effect of preventing invasion of predatory organisms of the bivalve S such as fish and crustaceans.

次に水中に設置する二つの方法について説明する。
［懸吊（垂下）設置方法］
図１３に示すように、多段式育成装置１の積層構造をロープ或いは金具等で連結したものを設置水域の表層から垂下して設置するものである。岸壁や橋梁の欄干等から吊り下げたり、筏１３の辺縁を利用して吊り下げて設置する。とくに、筏１３を使用した養殖魚生簀において、赤潮から生簀内の養殖魚を守る場合に有用である。ここで、表層の赤潮濃度が非常に高濃度で完全な防御が困難な場合は、装置１の育成皿２の積層数を増加したり、装置中央部空洞４の下部に連結管を付帯して下層部の赤潮濃度が低い層から海水を取水して表層に散布して赤潮濃度を希釈しながら浄化すると赤潮の除去作用を高めることができる。 Next, two methods of installing in water will be described.
[Hanging (hanging) installation method]
As shown in FIG. 13, what connected the laminated structure of the multistage type | formula growth apparatus 1 with a rope or metal fittings is dripped from the surface layer of an installation water area, and is installed. It can be hung from a pier or a railing of a bridge, or it can be hung using the edge of the ridge 13 for installation. In particular, it is useful for protecting cultured fish in the ginger from red tide in the cultured fish ginger using the salmon 13. Here, when the red tide concentration on the surface layer is very high and complete defense is difficult, the number of the stacking plates 2 of the apparatus 1 is increased, or a connecting pipe is attached to the lower part of the central cavity 4 of the apparatus. Seawater is taken from the lower red tide concentration in the lower layer and sprayed on the surface to purify it while diluting the red tide concentration, thereby enhancing the red tide removal action.

［浮体籠を利用した設置方法］
図１４に示すように、浮体１２を備えた籠体１４内に複数の育成装置１を搭載して一体的型の富栄養化水の浄化プラントとする。陸上の商用電源から遠く離間して給電が困難な場合は、太陽光発電システムを付設する。また、ダム湖等の富栄養化水が下層域に存在する場合は、図１５に示すように、浮体施設の下部に不浸透シート１５をスカート様に垂らして取り付けることにより、不浸透シートにより囲まれ形成された筒状水域内に上昇流が発生し、下層域の水が表層に対流する。この作用により、下層域の赤潮或いは富栄養化高濁水を育成装置１群に通過させて浄化することができる。 [Installation method using floating body fence]
As shown in FIG. 14, a plurality of growing apparatuses 1 are mounted in a housing 14 having a floating body 12 to form an integrated eutrophication water purification plant. If it is difficult to supply power far away from the commercial power supply on land, a solar power generation system will be installed. In addition, when eutrophication water such as a dam lake is present in the lower layer, as shown in FIG. 15, the impervious sheet 15 is attached to the lower part of the floating facility in a skirt-like manner so as to be surrounded by the impervious sheet. An upward flow is generated in the formed cylindrical water area, and water in the lower layer convects to the surface layer. By this action, red tide or eutrophic high turbid water in the lower layer can be passed through the growing apparatus 1 group for purification.

１ 養殖装置
２ 育成皿（育成床）
２ａ 貝収容部
２ｂ 網体（パンチングメタル又はメッシュフィルター）
２ｃ 弧状凹所
２ｄ 係合ディンプル
２ｅ 錐形板
３ 水槽
４ 中央空洞
５ 円筒管
５ａ 弧状凹所との係合突起
６ 養殖培地（砂層）
７ 散気ブロアー（エアストーン）
８ エアホース
９ 流水方向変更フィン
１０ 架台
１１ 脱落防止ネット（フィルター）
１２ 浮体
１３ 筏
１４ 籠体
１５ 不織布スカート
Ｓ 二枚貝（棲底生物）
Ｓａ 入水管
Ｓｂ 出水管
Ｄ１ 育成皿間の間隙 1 Aquaculture equipment 2 Raising dishes (nurturing floor)
2a Shell housing part 2b Net body (punching metal or mesh filter)
2c Arc-shaped recess 2d Engaging dimple 2e Conical plate 3 Water tank 4 Central cavity 5 Cylindrical tube 5a Engaging projection 6 with arc-shaped recess Culture medium (sand layer)
7 Air diffuser (air stone)
8 Air hose 9 Flow direction changing fin 10 Base 11 Fall prevention net (filter)
12 Floating body 13 筏 14 籠 Body 15 Non-woven skirt S Bivalve
Sa Inlet pipe Sb Drain pipe D 1 Gap between growing dishes

Claims (6)

二枚貝等の底棲生物の育成床となる複数の皿状容器を鉛直方向に階層し、当該階層育成床を鉛直方向に貫通する中央空洞及びこの空洞と通ずる各育成床間に水平方向の間隙を画成すると共に、前記中央部空洞上端に流出方向変更フィンを設けた養殖装置を富栄養化汚濁水域中に浸漬し、前記底棲生物を生きた活動状態にせしめ、その濾過食性状によって当該汚濁水中の粒状有機物を除去して水質及び底質を浄化することを特徴とする二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システム。 A plurality of dish-like containers that serve as breeding floors for benthic organisms such as bivalves are layered in the vertical direction, and a horizontal cavity is formed between the central cavity that vertically penetrates the layer growing floor and each breeding bed that communicates with this cavity. In addition, the aquaculture device provided with an outflow direction change fin at the upper end of the central cavity is immersed in the eutrophication polluted water area to bring the bottom organism into a lively active state, and the polluted food properties cause the contamination. A water and bottom purification system for bivalve aquaculture and eutrophication waters characterized by removing particulate organic matter in water and purifying the water and bottom. 皿状容器を分割可能に構成したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システム。 2. The water quality and bottom sediment purification system for bivalve aquaculture and eutrophication water areas according to claim 1, wherein the dish-shaped container is configured to be separable. 装置内外へ水を流動するべく、気泡発生器若しくは水流発生器を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２記載の二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システム。 The water quality and bottom sediment purification system of the bivalve aquaculture and eutrophication water area according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a bubble generator or a water flow generator for flowing water into and out of the apparatus. 給排水管及び弁を備え、当該水域の水位及び給排水量を調整可能にしたことを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれかに記載の二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システム。 The water quality and bottom of the bivalve aquaculture and eutrophication water area according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a water supply / drain pipe and a valve, wherein the water level and water supply / drainage amount of the water area can be adjusted. Quality purification system. 階層育成床を網体で包囲したことを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項４記載の二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システム。 Water and sediment purification system of farming Kentomi eutrophication waters of claims 1 to 4 bivalves according is characterized in that surrounding the hierarchical development floor mesh member. 階層育成床の下部に不浸透シートをスカート様に垂らして取り付け、不浸透シートにより形成された筒状水域内に上昇流が発生し、下層域の水が表層に対流するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項５のいずれかに記載の二枚貝類の養殖兼富栄養化水域の水質及び底質浄化システム。 An impervious sheet is attached in a skirt-like manner to the lower part of the floor-raising floor , and an upward flow is generated in the cylindrical water area formed by the impervious sheet, so that water in the lower layer convects to the surface layer. The water quality and bottom sediment purification system of the bivalve aquaculture and eutrophication water area according to any one of claims 1 to 5 .
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