JP5943196B2 - Water treatment facility control method, control program, and water treatment system - Google Patents
Water treatment facility control method, control program, and water treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/152—Water filtration
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Description
本発明は、水処理設備の制御方法及び制御プログラム並びに水処理システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a control method and control program for a water treatment facility, and a water treatment system.
水処理設備を管理する従来技術の一例として、通信回線で水処理設備に接続された管理センタにおいて、水処理設備の稼働状態を監視するとともに、その稼働状態を評価し、その評価結果に基づいて稼働条件を変更する設備管理システムが公知である（例えば特許文献１を参照）。このような水処理設備の設備管理システムにおいて、水処理設備の稼働状態の評価は、水処理設備に設けられたセンサによる計測値等に基づいて行われる。 As an example of conventional technology for managing water treatment facilities, the management center connected to the water treatment facility via a communication line monitors the operation status of the water treatment facility, evaluates the operation status, and based on the evaluation result A facility management system that changes operating conditions is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In such a facility management system for water treatment facilities, the evaluation of the operating state of the water treatment facility is performed based on the measured values by sensors provided in the water treatment facility.
一般的に水処理設備に設置されるセンサとしては、一般的な工業計器が用いられる。具体的には被処理水の導電率を計測する導電率計、被処理水の濁度を計測する濁度計、被処理水の吸光度を計測する吸光光度計、被処理水の水素イオン指数（potential Hydrogen：ｐＨ）を計測するｐＨ計、被処理水の酸化還元電位（Oxidation-reduction Potential：ＯＲＰ）を計測する酸化還元電位計等の安価なセンサが一般的に用いられる。 Generally, a general industrial instrument is used as a sensor installed in a water treatment facility. Specifically, a conductivity meter that measures the conductivity of the treated water, a turbidity meter that measures the turbidity of the treated water, an absorptiometer that measures the absorbance of the treated water, a hydrogen ion index of the treated water ( Inexpensive sensors such as a pH meter that measures potential hydrogen (pH) and an oxidation-reduction potential meter that measures oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of water to be treated are generally used.
上記の一般的な工業計器（導電率計、濁度計、吸光光度計、ｐＨ計、酸化還元電位計等）では、水処理設備の運転に悪影響を及ぼす汚濁成分のうち、計測する水質指標（導電率、濁度、吸光度、ｐＨ、酸化還元電位等）との間に因果関係がない汚濁成分（例えばシリカ、カルシウム等の無機物等）の濃度を直接的に計測することができない。またこのような汚濁成分を直接的に計測可能な計測装置は、一般に極めて高価であるため、水処理設備に設置するのはコスト的な制約等から実際上困難な場合が多い。そのため上記のような汚濁成分の計測は、作業者の手作業によって、定期的に被処理水のサンプルを採取して分析することにより行われている。 In the above general industrial instruments (conductivity meter, turbidity meter, absorptiometer, pH meter, oxidation-reduction potential meter, etc.), among the pollutants that adversely affect the operation of water treatment facilities, It is not possible to directly measure the concentration of pollutant components (for example, inorganic substances such as silica and calcium) that have no causal relationship with conductivity, turbidity, absorbance, pH, redox potential, and the like. In addition, such a measuring device that can directly measure a pollutant component is generally very expensive. Therefore, it is often difficult to install in a water treatment facility due to cost restrictions. Therefore, the measurement of the pollutant as described above is performed by periodically collecting and analyzing samples of water to be treated manually by the operator.
しかしながら作業者の手作業による被処理水のサンプル採取及び分析は、その作業に要する手間や時間等を考慮すると、例えば週に一回あるいは月に一回程度の頻度で実施することしかできない。そのためサンプル採取した被処理水の分析結果だけでは、被処理水の水質変動を的確に把握することは困難であり、例えば被処理水の水質が短期間に変動したような場合に、対応が遅れて水処理設備に異常が生じてしまう虞がある。 However, sampling and analysis of the water to be treated by the operator's manual operation can be performed only once a week or once a month, for example, considering the labor and time required for the operation. For this reason, it is difficult to accurately grasp the water quality fluctuation of the treated water only by analyzing the sampled treated water.For example, if the quality of the treated water fluctuates in a short period of time, the response is delayed. Therefore, there is a risk that an abnormality will occur in the water treatment facility.
このような状況に鑑み本発明はなされたものであり、その目的は、高価な計測装置を設けることなく、被処理水の水質変動に的確に対応した最適な運転条件で水処理設備を運用できるようにすることにある。 In view of such circumstances, the present invention has been made, and the object thereof is to operate the water treatment facility under the optimum operating condition that accurately corresponds to the water quality fluctuation of the treated water without providing an expensive measuring device. There is in doing so.
被処理水の水質指標と汚濁成分の濃度との間に因果関係がない場合、理論的には、その水質指標から汚濁成分の濃度を直接的に推定することはできない。しかし例えば工業用水、上水、井水等の用水やこれらを処理した純水、これらが単に濃縮されるプロセスを経た冷却水、ボイラー水、ＲＯ濃縮水等、発生源が一定で成分変動が少ない被処理水では、その被処理水に含まれる複数の成分の比率が略一定である場合が多い。このことは例えば単一の食品や飲料品、鉄鋼、紙パルプ等を量産する工場の排水についても同じことが言える。さらに半導体製造工場や液晶パネル製造工場、化学コンビナート等、複数のプロセスが同時に稼働する工場の総合排水や主要製造プロセス系統排水等は、その排水の性状が概ね安定している場合が多く、その成分比率が略一定である場合が多い。 If there is no causal relationship between the water quality index of the treated water and the concentration of the pollutant, theoretically, the concentration of the pollutant cannot be directly estimated from the water quality index. However, for example, water for industrial use, clean water, well water, etc., pure water treated with these, cooling water that has undergone a process in which these are simply concentrated, boiler water, RO concentrated water, etc., the source of generation is constant and there are few component fluctuations In the water to be treated, the ratio of the plurality of components contained in the water to be treated is often substantially constant. The same can be said for, for example, wastewater from a factory that mass-produces a single food or beverage, steel, paper pulp, or the like. In addition, general wastewater and wastewater from major manufacturing process systems, such as semiconductor manufacturing plants, liquid crystal panel manufacturing plants, and chemical complexes, operate at the same time. In many cases, the ratio is substantially constant.
そして被処理水に含まれる複数の成分の成分比率が略一定である場合には、ある水質指標に対して因果関係がある成分と、その水質指標に対して因果関係がない成分との比率は、略一定になるはずである。したがって被処理水の成分比率が略一定である場合には、ある水質指標とある成分との間の因果関係を介して、その水質指標とその水質指標に対して因果関係がない他の成分との間に一定の相関関係が成立し得る。つまり被処理水の発生源や発生プロセスによっては、その被処理水の成分比率が略一定になる場合があり、そのような場合には、ある水質指標とその水質指標に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分との間に一定の相関関係が成立し得る。このような知見に基づいて本発明はなされたものである。 And when the component ratio of the plurality of components contained in the water to be treated is substantially constant, the ratio of the component that has a causal relationship to a certain water quality index and the component that has no causal relationship to that water quality index is Should be nearly constant. Therefore, when the component ratio of the water to be treated is substantially constant, the water quality index and other components that are not causally related to the water quality index are connected via a causal relationship between the water quality index and a certain component. A certain correlation can be established between the two. In other words, depending on the source and process of the treated water, the component ratio of the treated water may be substantially constant. In such a case, there is no causal relationship between a water quality index and the water quality index. A certain correlation can be established between the pollutant components. The present invention has been made based on such findings.
＜本発明の第１の態様＞
本発明の第１の態様は、水質指標と前記水質指標に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度との相関が被処理水にあるか否かを定期的に行う前記被処理水のサンプル分析の結果から判定する相関判定工程と、前記相関があることを条件として、前記被処理水の直近一定期間における前記水質指標の計測値の分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果と前記相関に基づいて、前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度を推定する第１汚濁成分濃度推定工程と、推定した前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度に基づいて、前記被処理水を処理する水処理設備の運転条件を決定する運転条件決定工程と、を含む、水処理設備の制御方法である。
<First Aspect of the Present Invention>
The first aspect of the present invention is the sample analysis of the water to be treated which periodically performs whether or not the water to be treated has a correlation between the water quality index and the concentration of the pollutant component which has no causal relationship with the water quality index. And a correlation determination step for determining from the result of the analysis, and on the condition that there is the correlation, statistically analyze the distribution of the measured value of the water quality index in the immediate fixed period of time, the results of the statistical analysis and the correlation And a water treatment for treating the treated water based on the estimated concentration of the contaminated component of the treated water, and a first pollutant component concentration estimating step for estimating the concentration of the contaminated component of the treated water. An operation condition determining step for determining an operation condition of the facility.
まず定期的に行う被処理水のサンプル分析の結果から、ある水質指標とその水質指標に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度との間に相関関係が成立するか否かを判定する。そして両者の間に相関関係が成立することを条件として、被処理水の直近一定期間における水質指標の計測値の分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果とその相関関係に基づいて、その汚濁成分の濃度を推定する。それによってある水質指標から、その水質指標に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度を高精度に推定することができるので、高価な計測装置を設けることなく、被処理水の水質変動を的確に把握することができる。そして推定したその汚濁成分の濃度に基づいて、その被処理水を処理する水処理設備の運転条件を決定する。それによって被処理水の水質変動に的確に対応した最適な運転条件で水処理設備を運用することができる。 First, it is determined whether or not a correlation is established between a certain water quality index and the concentration of a pollutant component that has no causal relationship with the water quality index from the results of the sample analysis of the treated water that is periodically performed. Then, on the condition that a correlation is established between the two, the distribution of the measured value of the water quality index in the latest fixed period is statistically analyzed, and based on the result of the statistical analysis and the correlation, the pollution Estimate the concentration of ingredients. As a result, it is possible to accurately estimate the concentration of pollutant components that are not causally related to the water quality index. I can grasp it. And based on the density | concentration of the estimated contaminant component, the operating condition of the water treatment facility which processes the to-be-processed water is determined. As a result, the water treatment facility can be operated under optimum operating conditions that accurately correspond to the water quality fluctuation of the treated water.
これにより本発明の第１の態様によれば、高価な計測装置を設けることなく、被処理水の水質変動に的確に対応した最適な運転条件で水処理設備を運用できるという作用効果が得られる。 As a result, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is obtained an effect that the water treatment facility can be operated under the optimum operation condition corresponding to the water quality fluctuation accurately without providing an expensive measuring device. .
＜本発明の第２の態様＞
本発明の第２の態様は、前述した本発明の第１の態様において、前記第１汚濁成分濃度推定工程は、前記被処理水のサンプル分析の結果を回帰分析して回帰直線及びその予測限界を求め、前記被処理水の直近一定期間における前記水質指標の計測値の分布の平均値と標準偏差を統計解析によって求め、その平均値と標準偏差に基づいて設定した出現確率に収まる前記水質指標の計測値の最大値を求め、前記回帰直線の予測限界及び前記水質指標の計測値の最大値に基づいて、前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度を推定する工程を含む、ことを特徴とする水処理設備の制御方法である。
本発明の第２の態様によれば、被処理水の水質指標に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度を推定誤差の範囲内の最大値（最悪値）として推定することができるので、最適な運転条件での水処理設備の運用をより安全に行うことが可能になる。
<Second Aspect of the Present Invention>
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention described above, the first pollutant component concentration estimating step performs regression analysis on a sample analysis result of the treated water, and sets a regression line and a prediction limit thereof. The water quality index that falls within the appearance probability set based on the average value and the standard deviation is obtained by statistical analysis, and the average value and standard deviation of the measured value distribution of the water quality index in the immediate fixed period of time is obtained And determining the concentration of the pollutant component of the treated water based on the prediction limit of the regression line and the maximum value of the measured value of the water quality index. It is the control method of the water treatment facility.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to estimate the concentration of the pollutant component having no causal relationship with the water quality index of the treated water as the maximum value (worst value) within the estimation error range. The water treatment facility can be operated more safely under various operating conditions.
＜本発明の第３の態様＞
本発明の第３の態様は、前述した本発明の第１の態様又は第２の態様において、前記相関がないことを条件として、過去の全ての前記被処理水のサンプル分析における前記汚濁成分の濃度の分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果に基づいて、前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度を推定する第２汚濁成分濃度推定工程をさらに含む、ことを特徴とする水処理設備の制御方法である。
<Third Aspect of the Present Invention>
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention described above, on the condition that there is no correlation, the contamination component in the sample analysis of all past treated water is determined. A water treatment facility characterized by further comprising a second pollutant component concentration estimating step of statistically analyzing the concentration distribution and estimating the concentration of the pollutant component of the treated water based on the result of the statistical analysis It is a control method.
例えば被処理水の発生源や発生プロセスに一時的に何らかの変動が生ずると、被処理水の成分比率に変動が生ずる可能性があり、それによってある水質指標とその水質指標に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度との間の相関関係が一時的に成立しなくなることもあり得る。そしてある水質指標とその水質指標に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度との間に相関関係が成立しない場合には、その水質指標に基づいてその汚濁成分の濃度を推定することが困難になる。 For example, if there is a temporary change in the source or process of treated water, the component ratio of the treated water may change, and there is a causal relationship between a water quality index and the water quality index. It is possible that the correlation between the concentration of the non-polluting component is temporarily not established. If there is no correlation between a water quality index and the concentration of a pollutant component that has no causal relationship to the water quality index, it is difficult to estimate the concentration of the pollutant component based on the water quality index. Become.
したがってそのような場合には、暫定的に、過去の全ての被処理水のサンプル分析における汚濁成分の濃度の分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果に基づいて、その汚濁成分の濃度を推定する。つまり過去のサンプル分析におけるその汚濁成分の濃度の蓄積データに基づいて、その汚濁成分の濃度を統計的に推定する。それによって例えば被処理水の発生源や発生プロセスに一時的に何らかの変動が生じて、その水質指標とその汚濁成分の濃度との間の相関関係が一時的に成立しなくなったときでも、適切な運転条件を設定して水処理設備の運用を安全に継続することができる。 Therefore, in such a case, tentatively analyze the concentration distribution of the pollutant components in the sample analysis of all past treated water and estimate the concentration of the pollutant components based on the results of the statistical analysis. To do. That is, the concentration of the pollutant component is statistically estimated based on the accumulated data of the concentration of the pollutant component in the past sample analysis. As a result, for example, when there is a temporary change in the source or process of treated water and the correlation between the water quality indicator and the concentration of the pollutant component is temporarily not established, Operation conditions can be set to continue the operation of the water treatment facility safely.
＜本発明の第４の態様＞
本発明の第４の態様は、前述した本発明の第３の態様において、前記第２汚濁成分濃度推定工程は、過去の全ての前記被処理水のサンプル分析における前記汚濁成分の濃度の分布の平均値と標準偏差を統計解析によって求め、その平均値と標準偏差に基づいて設定した出現確率に収まる前記汚濁成分の濃度の最大値を求め、それを前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度と推定する工程を含む、ことを特徴とする水処理設備の制御方法である。
本発明の第４の態様によれば、水質指標とその水質指標に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度との間に相関関係が成立しない場合であっても、その被処理水の水質指標に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度を推定誤差の範囲内の最大値（最悪値）として推定することができるので、適切な運転条件での水処理設備の運用をより安全に行うことが可能になる。
<Fourth aspect of the present invention>
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention described above, the second pollutant component concentration estimating step includes the distribution of the concentration of the pollutant component in the sample analysis of all the past water to be treated. The average value and the standard deviation are obtained by statistical analysis, the maximum value of the concentration of the pollutant component that falls within the appearance probability set based on the average value and the standard deviation is obtained, and is calculated as the concentration of the pollutant component of the treated water. It is the control method of the water treatment facility characterized by including the process to estimate.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, even if there is no correlation between the water quality index and the concentration of the pollutant component that has no causal relationship with the water quality index, the water quality index of the treated water The concentration of pollutant components that have no causal relationship to can be estimated as the maximum value (worst value) within the estimation error range, so that water treatment facilities can be operated more safely under appropriate operating conditions. It becomes possible.
＜本発明の第５の態様＞
本発明の第５の態様は、前述した本発明の第１〜第４の態様のいずれかにおいて、前記水質指標は前記被処理水の導電率である、ことを特徴とする水処理設備の制御方法である。
<Fifth aspect of the present invention>
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention described above, the water quality indicator is a conductivity of the water to be treated. Is the method.
被処理水に含まれるイオン性成分の濃度変動は、その被処理水の導電率に影響する。つまり被処理水の導電率とイオン性成分の濃度との間には因果関係がある。そして被処理水の成分比率が略一定になる場合には、被処理水の導電率と被処理水の導電率に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度との間に一定の相関関係が成立し得る。したがって本発明の第５の態様によれば、その相関関係に基づいて、被処理水の導電率に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度をその被処理水の導電率から高精度に推定することができるので、高価な計測装置を設けることなく、被処理水の水質変動を的確に把握することができる。 The concentration fluctuation of the ionic component contained in the water to be treated affects the conductivity of the water to be treated. That is, there is a causal relationship between the conductivity of the water to be treated and the concentration of the ionic component. If the component ratio of the treated water is substantially constant, a certain correlation is established between the conductivity of the treated water and the concentration of pollutant components that are not causally related to the conductivity of the treated water. Can do. Therefore, according to the 5th aspect of this invention, based on the correlation, the density | concentration of the pollution component which has no causal relationship with the electrical conductivity of to-be-processed water is estimated from the electrical conductivity of the to-be-processed water with high precision. Therefore, it is possible to accurately grasp the water quality variation of the water to be treated without providing an expensive measuring device.
＜本発明の第６の態様＞
本発明の第６の態様は、前述した本発明の第１〜第４の態様のいずれかにおいて、前記水質指標は前記被処理水の濁度である、ことを特徴とする水処理設備の制御方法である。
<Sixth aspect of the present invention>
A sixth aspect of the present invention is the control of a water treatment facility according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention described above, wherein the water quality index is turbidity of the treated water. Is the method.
被処理水に含まれる固形成分の濃度変動は、その被処理水の濁度に影響する。つまり被処理水の濁度と固形成分の濃度との間には因果関係がある。そして被処理水の成分比率が略一定になる場合には、被処理水の濁度と被処理水の濁度に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度との間に一定の相関関係が成立し得る。したがって本発明の第６の態様によれば、その相関関係に基づいて、被処理水の濁度に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度をその被処理水の濁度から高精度に推定することができるので、高価な計測装置を設けることなく、被処理水の水質変動を的確に把握することができる。 The concentration fluctuation of the solid component contained in the water to be treated affects the turbidity of the water to be treated. That is, there is a causal relationship between the turbidity of the water to be treated and the concentration of the solid component. If the ratio of the component of the water to be treated is substantially constant, a certain correlation is established between the turbidity of the water to be treated and the concentration of the pollutant that has no causal relationship with the turbidity of the water to be treated. Can do. Therefore, according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, based on the correlation, the concentration of pollutant components that are not causally related to the turbidity of the water to be treated is estimated with high accuracy from the turbidity of the water to be treated. Therefore, it is possible to accurately grasp the water quality variation of the water to be treated without providing an expensive measuring device.
＜本発明の第７の態様＞
本発明の第７の態様は、前述した本発明の第１〜第４の態様のいずれかにおいて、前記水質指標は前記被処理水の吸光度である、ことを特徴とする水処理設備の制御方法である。
<Seventh aspect of the present invention>
A seventh aspect of the present invention is the water treatment facility control method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention described above, wherein the water quality index is the absorbance of the treated water. It is.
被処理水に含まれる有機・無機性の溶解成分及び固形成分の濃度変動は、その被処理水の吸光度に影響する。つまり被処理水の吸光度と有機・無機性の溶解成分及び固形成分の濃度との間には因果関係がある。そして被処理水の成分比率が略一定になる場合には、被処理水の吸光度と被処理水の吸光度に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度との間に一定の相関関係が成立し得る。したがって本発明の第７の態様によれば、その相関関係に基づいて、被処理水の吸光度に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度をその被処理水の吸光度から高精度に推定することができるので、高価な計測装置を設けることなく、被処理水の水質変動を的確に把握することができる。 Changes in the concentration of organic and inorganic dissolved components and solid components contained in the water to be treated affect the absorbance of the water to be treated. In other words, there is a causal relationship between the absorbance of the water to be treated and the concentrations of organic and inorganic dissolved components and solid components. And when the component ratio of to-be-treated water becomes substantially constant, a certain correlation can be established between the absorbance of to-be-treated water and the concentration of pollutant components that are not causally related to the absorbance of to-be-treated water. . Therefore, according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, based on the correlation, it is possible to accurately estimate the concentration of the pollutant component having no causal relationship with the absorbance of the water to be treated from the absorbance of the water to be treated. Therefore, it is possible to accurately grasp the water quality variation of the treated water without providing an expensive measuring device.
＜本発明の第８の態様＞
本発明の第８の態様は、前述した本発明の第１〜第４の態様のいずれかにおいて、前記水質指標は前記被処理水の水素イオン指数である、ことを特徴とする水処理設備の制御方法である。
<Eighth aspect of the present invention>
An eighth aspect of the present invention is the water treatment facility according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, wherein the water quality index is a hydrogen ion index of the treated water. It is a control method.
被処理水に含まれる酸成分及びアルカリ成分の濃度変動は、その被処理水の水素イオン指数（ｐＨ）に影響する。つまり被処理水の水素イオン指数と酸成分及びアルカリ成分の濃度との間には因果関係がある。そして被処理水の成分比率が略一定になる場合には、被処理水の水素イオン指数と被処理水の水素イオン指数に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度との間に一定の相関関係が成立し得る。したがって本発明の第８の態様によれば、その相関関係に基づいて、被処理水の水素イオン指数に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度をその被処理水の水素イオン指数から高精度に推定することができるので、高価な計測装置を設けることなく、被処理水の水質変動を的確に把握することができる。 Variations in the concentrations of the acid component and the alkali component contained in the water to be treated affect the hydrogen ion index (pH) of the water to be treated. That is, there is a causal relationship between the hydrogen ion index of the water to be treated and the concentrations of the acid component and the alkali component. And, when the component ratio of treated water is almost constant, there is a certain correlation between the hydrogen ion index of treated water and the concentration of pollutant components that are not causal to the hydrogen ion index of treated water Can hold. Therefore, according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, based on the correlation, the concentration of pollutant components that are not causally related to the hydrogen ion index of the water to be treated can be accurately determined from the hydrogen ion index of the water to be treated. Since it can be estimated, it is possible to accurately grasp the water quality fluctuation of the treated water without providing an expensive measuring device.
＜本発明の第９の態様＞
本発明の第９の態様は、前述した本発明の第１〜第４の態様のいずれかにおいて、前記水質指標は前記被処理水の酸化還元電位である、ことを特徴とする水処理設備の制御方法である。
<Ninth aspect of the present invention>
A ninth aspect of the present invention is the water treatment facility according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention described above, wherein the water quality indicator is a redox potential of the treated water. It is a control method.
被処理水に含まれる酸化還元物質の濃度変動は、その被処理水の酸化還元電位（ＯＲＰ）に影響する。つまり被処理水の酸化還元電位と酸化還元物質の濃度との間には因果関係がある。そして被処理水の成分比率が略一定になる場合には、被処理水の酸化還元電位と被処理水の酸化還元電位に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度との間に一定の相関関係が成立し得る。したがって本発明の第９の態様によれば、その相関関係に基づいて、被処理水の酸化還元電位に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度をその被処理水の酸化還元電位から高精度に推定することができるので、高価な計測装置を設けることなく、被処理水の水質変動を的確に把握することができる。 Variation in the concentration of the redox material contained in the water to be treated affects the redox potential (ORP) of the water to be treated. That is, there is a causal relationship between the redox potential of the water to be treated and the concentration of the redox substance. When the component ratio of treated water is substantially constant, a constant correlation exists between the oxidation-reduction potential of the treated water and the concentration of pollutant components that are not causally related to the oxidation-reduction potential of the treated water. Can hold. Therefore, according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, based on the correlation, the concentration of the pollutant component that is not causally related to the oxidation-reduction potential of the water to be treated is determined with high accuracy from the oxidation-reduction potential of the water to be treated. Since it can be estimated, it is possible to accurately grasp the water quality fluctuation of the treated water without providing an expensive measuring device.
＜本発明の第１０の態様＞
本発明の第１０の態様は、水質指標と前記水質指標に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度との相関が被処理水にあるか否かを定期的に行う前記被処理水のサンプル分析の結果から判定する相関判定手順と、前記相関があることを条件として、前記被処理水の直近一定期間における前記水質指標の計測値の分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果と前記相関に基づいて、前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度を推定する第１汚濁成分濃度推定手順と、推定した前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度に基づいて、前記被処理水を処理する水処理設備の運転条件を決定する運転条件決定手順と、をコンピュータに実行させる、水処理設備の制御プログラムである。
本発明の第１０の態様によれば、この制御プログラムを実行するコンピュータにより制御される水処理設備において、前述した本発明の第１の態様と同様の作用効果が得られる。
<Tenth aspect of the present invention>
The tenth aspect of the present invention is the sample analysis of the water to be treated which periodically performs whether or not the water to be treated has a correlation between the water quality index and the concentration of the pollutant component which is not causally related to the water quality index. And a correlation determination procedure determined from the result of the analysis, and on the condition that there is the correlation, statistically analyze the distribution of the measured value of the water quality index in the immediate fixed period of time, and the result of the statistical analysis and the correlation Based on the first contamination component concentration estimation procedure for estimating the concentration of the contaminated component of the treated water, and the water treatment for treating the treated water based on the estimated concentration of the contaminated component of the treated water A control program for a water treatment facility that causes a computer to execute an operation condition determination procedure for determining an operation condition of the facility.
According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, in the water treatment facility controlled by the computer that executes this control program, the same operational effects as those of the first aspect of the present invention described above can be obtained.
＜本発明の第１１の態様＞
本発明の第１１の態様は、前述した本発明の第１０の態様において、前記相関がないことを条件として、過去の全ての前記被処理水のサンプル分析における前記汚濁成分の濃度の分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果に基づいて、前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度を推定する第２汚濁成分濃度推定手順をコンピュータに実行させる、ことを特徴とする水処理設備の制御プログラムである。
本発明の第１１の態様によれば、この制御プログラムを実行するコンピュータにより制御される水処理設備において、前述した本発明の第３の態様と同様の作用効果が得られる。
<Eleventh aspect of the present invention>
According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the tenth aspect of the present invention described above, on the condition that there is no correlation, the distribution of the concentration of the pollutant component in the sample analysis of all past treated water is statistically determined. A control program for a water treatment facility, characterized in that the computer executes a second pollution component concentration estimation procedure for analyzing and estimating the concentration of the pollution component of the treated water based on the result of statistical analysis. is there.
According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the water treatment facility controlled by the computer that executes this control program, the same effects as those of the third aspect of the present invention described above can be obtained.
＜本発明の第１２の態様＞
本発明の第１２の態様は、水処理設備と、前記水処理設備で処理される被処理水の水質指標を計測する計測器と、前記水処理設備を制御する制御装置と、を備え、前記制御装置は、前記水質指標と前記水質指標に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度との相関が被処理水にあるか否かを定期的に行う前記被処理水のサンプル分析の結果から判定する相関判定手段と、前記相関があることを条件として、前記被処理水の直近一定期間における前記水質指標の計測値の分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果と前記相関に基づいて、前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度を推定する第１汚濁成分濃度推定手段と、推定した前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度に基づいて、前記水処理設備の運転条件を決定する運転条件決定手段と、を含む、ことを特徴とする水処理システムである。
本発明の第１２の態様によれば、水処理設備において、前述した本発明の第１の態様と同様の作用効果が得られる。
<Twelfth aspect of the present invention>
A twelfth aspect of the present invention includes a water treatment facility, a measuring instrument that measures a water quality index of water to be treated that is treated in the water treatment facility, and a control device that controls the water treatment facility, The control device determines whether or not the water to be treated has a correlation between the water quality index and the concentration of the pollutant component that is not causally related to the water quality index from the result of the sample analysis of the water to be treated. And the correlation determination means, and on the condition that there is the correlation, statistically analyze the distribution of the measured value of the water quality index in the immediate fixed period of time, based on the result of the statistical analysis and the correlation, First pollutant component concentration estimating means for estimating the concentration of the pollutant component of the water to be treated, and operating condition determination for determining the operating condition of the water treatment facility based on the estimated concentration of the pollutant component of the water to be treated Means including A water treatment system that.
According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the same effect as the first aspect of the present invention described above can be obtained in the water treatment facility.
＜本発明の第１３の態様＞
本発明の第１３の態様は、前述した本発明の第１２の態様において、前記制御装置は、前記相関がないことを条件として、過去の全ての前記被処理水のサンプル分析における前記汚濁成分の濃度の分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果に基づいて、前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度を推定する第２汚濁成分濃度推定手段をさらに含む、ことを特徴とする水処理システムである。
本発明の第１３の態様によれば、水処理設備において、前述した本発明の第３の態様と同様の作用効果が得られる。
<13th aspect of this invention>
According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the twelfth aspect of the present invention described above, the control device sets the contamination component in the sample analysis of all the treated water in the past on condition that the correlation does not exist. A water treatment system characterized by further comprising a second pollutant component concentration estimating means for statistically analyzing the concentration distribution and estimating the concentration of the pollutant component of the treated water based on the result of the statistical analysis is there.
According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the same effect as the third aspect of the present invention described above can be obtained in the water treatment facility.
本発明によれば、高価な計測装置を設けることなく、被処理水の水質変動に的確に対応した最適な運転条件で水処理設備を運用することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a water treatment facility can be operate | used on the optimal driving | running condition which respond | corresponded to the water quality change of to-be-processed water exactly, without providing an expensive measuring device.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。
＜水処理装置の構成＞
「水処理設備」の一例として水処理装置１０の構成について、図１を参照しながら説明する。
図１は、水処理装置１０の構成を図示したブロック図である。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<Configuration of water treatment device>
A configuration of the
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the
水処理装置１０は、ＲＯ（Reverse Osmosis）膜分離装置１１、導電率センサ１２、給水加温装置１３、温度センサ１４、高圧ポンプ１５、第１流量センサ１６、第２流量センサ１７及び制御装置２０を備える。
The
ＲＯ膜分離装置１１は、水は透過するが水以外の不純物は透過しない性質を有するＲＯ膜を用いた水濾過装置である。ここでＲＯ膜は、逆浸透膜を意味するが、いわゆるナノ濾過膜も含む。ＲＯ膜分離装置１１に供給される被処理水は、ＲＯ膜を透過した透過水とＲＯ膜を透過せずに濃縮された濃縮水とに分離される。
The RO
「計測器」としての導電率センサ１２は、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１へ被処理水を供給する流路（以下、「被処理水供給路」という。）に設けられており、被処理水の導電率を計測するセンサである。給水加温装置１３は、被処理水供給路に設けられており、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１に供給される被処理水の温度を調整する装置である。温度センサ１４は、被処理水供給路の給水加温装置１３より下流側に設けられており、給水加温装置１３から出力される被処理水の温度を検出するセンサである。高圧ポンプ１５は、被処理水供給路に設けられており、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１へ被処理水を加圧送出するポンプである。第１流量センサ１６は、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１から透過水が排出される流路に設けられており、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１から排出される透過水の流量を検出するセンサである。第２流量センサ１７は、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１から濃縮水が排出される流路に設けられており、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１から排出される濃縮水の流量を検出するセンサである。制御装置２０は、公知のマイコン制御装置であり、導電率センサ１２、温度センサ１４、第１流量センサ１６及び第２流量センサ１７の出力信号に基づいて、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１、給水加温装置１３及び高圧ポンプ１５を制御する。
The
＜水処理装置の制御＞
制御装置２０は、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１へ供給される被処理水の温度が所望の温度になるように、温度センサ１４の出力信号に基づいて給水加温装置１３を制御する。また制御装置２０は、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１による水回収率が所望の水回収率となるように、第１流量センサ１６及び第２流量センサ１７の出力信号に基づいて、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１及び高圧ポンプ１５を制御する。そして制御装置２０は、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１へ供給される被処理水の温度、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１による水回収率を、導電率センサ１２が検出する被処理水の導電率に基づいて最適な値に設定する。導電率センサ１２による被処理水の導電率の計測は、一定の周期で繰り返し行われ、その導電率計測値のデータは、制御装置２０の記憶装置（図示せず）に全て記憶されて蓄積される。
<Control of water treatment equipment>
The
ところでＲＯ膜分離装置１１による水回収率は、高圧ポンプ１５による被処理水の供給圧力、あるいは供給する被処理水の温度によって変動する。そしてＲＯ膜分離装置１１による水回収率は、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１にスケールが発生するリスク（以下、「スケール発生リスク」という。）を一定の許容範囲に抑制しつつ、可能な限り高く設定するのが節水の観点からは望ましい。
Incidentally, the water recovery rate by the RO
しかしＲＯ膜分離装置１１による水回収率を高くしていくと、それに従ってスケール発生リスクは高まることになる。またＲＯ膜分離装置１１のスケール発生リスクは、供給される被処理水の温度も影響する。例えばカルシウム系のスケール生成成分は、被処理水の温度が高い方が発生リスクは高まり、逆にシリカ系のスケール生成成分は、被処理水の温度が低い方が発生リスクは高まる。つまりＲＯ膜分離装置１１へ供給する被処理水の温度は、スケール発生リスクを抑制する観点からすれば、ある一定の範囲に維持するのが望ましい。他方、節電の観点からすれば、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１へ供給する被処理水の温度は可能な限り低い方が望ましい。
However, if the water recovery rate by the
そしてＲＯ膜分離装置１１のスケール発生リスクは、その被処理水に含まれるスケール生成成分（例えばシリカ、カルシウムイオン、マグネシウムイオン、炭酸水素イオン等の無機物質）の濃度によっても変動する。ここで例えば被処理水のシリカ濃度は、その被処理水の導電率との間には因果関係がないため、理論的には、被処理水の導電率から直接的に推定することはできない。しかし前述したように、被処理水の発生源や発生プロセスによっては、その被処理水の成分比率が略一定になる場合がある。そして被処理水に含まれる複数の成分の成分比率が略一定である場合には、被処理水の導電率に対して因果関係がある成分と、被処理水の導電率に対して因果関係がないシリカ等のスケール生成成分との比率は、略一定になるはずである。
The scale generation risk of the RO
したがって被処理水の成分比率が略一定である場合には、被処理水の導電率とある成分との間の因果関係を介して、被処理水の導電率とシリカ等のスケール生成成分との間に一定の相関関係が成立し得る。このような被処理水の具体的な例としては、例えばイオン成分や有機酸等の有機性汚濁物質、塩化物イオン等の無機イオンを含有する工業用水、上水、井水等が挙げられる。 Therefore, when the component ratio of the water to be treated is substantially constant, the conductivity of the water to be treated and the scale-generating component such as silica are obtained through a causal relationship between the conductivity of the water to be treated and a certain component. A certain correlation can be established between them. Specific examples of such water to be treated include industrial water, water, well water, and the like containing organic pollutants such as ionic components and organic acids, and inorganic ions such as chloride ions.
以下、水処理装置１０の制御手順について、図２〜図４を参照しながら説明する。
図２は、水処理装置１０の制御手順を図示したフローチャートである。
Hereinafter, the control procedure of the
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a control procedure of the
１．相関判定手順
まず被処理水の導電率とシリカ（ＳｉＯ2）濃度との間に相関があるか否かを定期的に行う被処理水のサンプル分析の結果から判定する。このサンプル分析は、例えば作業者が一日、一週間あるいは一ヶ月に一回程度の頻度で、被処理水のサンプルを採取し、その採取したサンプルの導電率の計測とシリカ濃度の分析を行う。そして一定数蓄積されたサンプル分析結果のデータから、被処理水の導電率とシリカ濃度との相関係数を算出し、その相関係数から両者の間に相関があるか否かを判定する（図２のステップＳ１）。
1. Correlation determination procedure First, whether or not there is a correlation between the conductivity of the water to be treated and the silica (SiO 2 ) concentration is determined from the results of a sample analysis of the water to be treated periodically. In this sample analysis, for example, a sample of water to be treated is collected at a frequency of about once a day, a week or a month, and the conductivity of the collected sample is measured and the silica concentration is analyzed. . Then, a correlation coefficient between the conductivity of the water to be treated and the silica concentration is calculated from the data of the sample analysis results accumulated in a certain number, and it is determined from the correlation coefficient whether there is a correlation between the two ( Step S1) in FIG.
一般的には、相関係数の絶対値が０．２〜０．４でやや相関があり、０．４〜０．７でかなり相関があり、０．７〜１．０で強い相関があると言われている。本発明において、どの程度の相関を基準に相関の有無を判定するかは、水処理装置１０において、どの程度のリスクを許容できるか等に応じて適宜決定すればよい。例えば当該実施例において被処理水の導電率とシリカ濃度との間に相関があるか否かは、相関係数の絶対値が０．５以上であるか否かをもって判定する（図２のステップＳ２）。この相関係数の演算及び相関の有無の判定は、例えばサンプル分析結果のデータに基づいて作業者が手作業で行い、その結果を制御装置２０に入力してもよいし、サンプル分析結果のデータを制御装置２０に入力し、制御装置２０のコンピュータで実行されるプログラムによって演算処理するようにしてもよい。
In general, there is a slight correlation when the absolute value of the correlation coefficient is 0.2 to 0.4, there is a considerable correlation between 0.4 and 0.7, and a strong correlation between 0.7 and 1.0. It is said. In the present invention, what level of correlation is used as a criterion for determining whether or not there is a correlation may be appropriately determined according to how much risk can be tolerated in the
２．第１汚濁成分濃度推定手順
図３は、被処理水の導電率とシリカ濃度とのサンプル分析データの一例を図示した散布図及び直近１ヶ月における被処理水の導電率計測値の度数分布を図示したものである。
2. First Contamination Component Concentration Estimation Procedure FIG. 3 is a scatter diagram illustrating an example of sample analysis data of the water to be treated and the silica concentration, and a frequency distribution of measured values of the water to be treated in the most recent month. It is a thing.
被処理水の導電率とシリカ濃度との相関係数の絶対値が０．５以上であることを条件として（図２のステップＳ２でＹｅｓ）、被処理水の直近一定期間における導電率計測値（導電率センサ１２で計測した被処理水の導電率）の分布を統計解析する（図２のステップＳ３）。そしてその統計解析の結果と、被処理水の導電率とシリカ濃度との間の相関に基づいて、被処理水のシリカ濃度を推定する（図２のステップＳ４）。 On the condition that the absolute value of the correlation coefficient between the conductivity of the water to be treated and the silica concentration is 0.5 or more (Yes in step S2 in FIG. 2), the measured conductivity value in the immediate fixed period of time. The distribution of (the conductivity of the water to be treated measured by the conductivity sensor 12) is statistically analyzed (step S3 in FIG. 2). Then, the silica concentration of the water to be treated is estimated based on the result of the statistical analysis and the correlation between the conductivity of the water to be treated and the silica concentration (Step S4 in FIG. 2).
より具体的には、まず被処理水のサンプル分析の結果を回帰分析して回帰直線（図３の実線Ａ）及びその予測限界（図３の波線Ｂ、Ｃ）を求める。次に被処理水の直近１ヶ月における導電率計測値の度数分布（図３の符合Ｄを付したグラフ）の平均値μと標準偏差σを統計解析によって求め、その平均値μと標準偏差σに基づいて設定した出現確率に収まる導電率計測値の最大値Ｘｍを求める。この出現確率は、例えば平均値μからのずれが２σの範囲に導電率計測値が含まれる確率とすると約９５．４４％となる。この場合、被処理水の実際の導電率が最大値Ｘｍを超えるリスクは約４．５６％ということになる。そして回帰直線Ａの上限の予測限界Ｂ及び導電率計測値の最大値Ｘｍに基づいて、被処理水の導電率計測値の最大値Ｘｍに対応するシリカ濃度の最大値（最悪値）Ｙｍを求め、これを被処理水のシリカ濃度と推定する。 More specifically, first, a regression analysis is performed on the result of the sample analysis of the water to be treated to obtain a regression line (solid line A in FIG. 3) and its prediction limit (dashed lines B and C in FIG. 3). Next, the average value μ and standard deviation σ of the frequency distribution of the measured conductivity values in the most recent month for the water to be treated (the graph with the symbol D in FIG. 3) are obtained by statistical analysis, and the average value μ and the standard deviation σ are calculated. The maximum value Xm of the conductivity measurement value that falls within the appearance probability set based on is obtained. The appearance probability is about 95.44%, for example, when the conductivity measurement value is included in the range where the deviation from the average value μ is 2σ. In this case, the risk that the actual conductivity of the treated water exceeds the maximum value Xm is about 4.56%. Then, based on the prediction limit B of the upper limit of the regression line A and the maximum value Xm of the measured conductivity value, the maximum value (worst value) Ym of the silica concentration corresponding to the maximum value Xm of the measured conductivity value of the water to be treated is obtained. This is estimated as the silica concentration of the water to be treated.
上記説明した被処理水のサンプル分析の結果の回帰分析、被処理水の直近１ヶ月における導電率計測値の度数分布の統計解析、及びこの回帰分析と統計解析に基づいてシリカ濃度の最大値Ｙｍを求める手順は、例えば作業者が手作業で行ってもよいし、制御装置２０のコンピュータで実行されるプログラムによって演算処理するようにしてもよい。
Regression analysis of the results of the sample analysis of the treated water described above, statistical analysis of the frequency distribution of the measured conductivity values in the last month of the treated water, and the maximum value Ym of the silica concentration based on this regression analysis and statistical analysis For example, the operator may perform the procedure manually, or may perform arithmetic processing by a program executed by the computer of the
３．第２汚濁成分濃度推定手順
例えば被処理水の発生源や発生プロセスに一時的に何らかの変動が生ずると、被処理水の成分比率に変動が生ずる可能性があり、それによって被処理水の導電率とシリカ濃度との間の相関関係が一時的に成立しなくなることもあり得る。そして被処理水の導電率とシリカ濃度との間に相関関係が成立しない場合には、前述した第１汚濁成分濃度推定手順によって、つまり被処理水の導電率に基づいて被処理水のシリカ濃度を推定することが困難になる。したがってそのような場合には、例えば被処理水の導電率とシリカ濃度との相関係数の絶対値が０．５未満であることを条件として（図２のステップＳ２でＮｏ）、暫定的に、過去の全ての被処理水のサンプル分析における被処理水のシリカ濃度の分布を統計解析する（図２のステップＳ５）。そしてその統計解析の結果に基づいて被処理水のシリカ濃度を推定する（図２のステップＳ６）。つまり過去のサンプル分析におけるシリカ濃度の蓄積データに基づいて、被処理水のシリカ濃度を統計的に推定する。
3. Second pollution component concentration estimation procedure For example, if any fluctuation occurs temporarily in the source or process of the treated water, the component ratio of the treated water may be changed, and thereby the conductivity of the treated water It is possible that the correlation between silica and silica concentration temporarily fails. If the correlation between the conductivity of the water to be treated and the silica concentration does not hold, the silica concentration of the water to be treated is determined by the above-described first pollutant component concentration estimation procedure, that is, based on the conductivity of the water to be treated. Is difficult to estimate. Therefore, in such a case, for example, on condition that the absolute value of the correlation coefficient between the conductivity of the water to be treated and the silica concentration is less than 0.5 (No in step S2 in FIG. 2), provisionally Then, statistical analysis is performed on the distribution of silica concentration of the water to be treated in the sample analysis of all the past water to be treated (step S5 in FIG. 2). Based on the result of the statistical analysis, the silica concentration of the water to be treated is estimated (step S6 in FIG. 2). That is, the silica concentration of water to be treated is statistically estimated based on the accumulated data of silica concentration in the past sample analysis.
図４は、過去の全ての被処理水のサンプル分析における被処理水のシリカ濃度の度数分布を図示したグラフである。 FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the frequency distribution of the silica concentration of the water to be treated in the sample analysis of all past water to be treated.
より具体的には、まず過去の全ての被処理水のサンプル分析におけるシリカ濃度の度数分布の平均値μと標準偏差σを統計解析によって求め、その平均値μと標準偏差σに基づいて設定した出現確率に収まるシリカ濃度の最大値Ｙｍを求める。この出現確率は、例えば平均値μからのずれが２σの範囲にシリカ濃度が含まれる確率とすると約９５．４４％となる。この場合、被処理水の実際のシリカ濃度が最大値Ｙｍを超えるリスクは約４．５６％ということになる。そしてそのシリカ濃度の最大値Ｙｍを被処理水のシリカ濃度と推定する。 More specifically, first, the average value μ and standard deviation σ of the frequency distribution of silica concentration in the sample analysis of all past treated water were obtained by statistical analysis, and set based on the average value μ and standard deviation σ. The maximum value Ym of the silica concentration that falls within the appearance probability is obtained. The appearance probability is about 95.44%, for example, when the silica concentration is included in the range where the deviation from the average value μ is 2σ. In this case, the risk that the actual silica concentration of the treated water exceeds the maximum value Ym is about 4.56%. And the maximum value Ym of the silica concentration is estimated as the silica concentration of the water to be treated.
上記説明した過去の全ての被処理水のサンプル分析における被処理水のシリカ濃度の分布の統計解析、及びこの統計解析に基づいてシリカ濃度の最大値Ｙｍを求める手順は、例えば作業者が手作業で行ってもよいし、制御装置２０のコンピュータで実行されるプログラムによって演算処理するようにしてもよい。
The statistical analysis of the silica concentration distribution in the sample analysis of all the past treated water described above and the procedure for obtaining the maximum value Ym of the silica concentration based on this statistical analysis are performed manually by, for example, an operator. Or may be calculated by a program executed by a computer of the
４．運転条件決定手順
上記説明した第１汚濁成分濃度推定手順又は第２汚濁成分濃度推定手順のいずれかによって推定した被処理水のシリカ濃度に基づいて、被処理水を処理する水処理設備１０の運転条件を決定する（図２のステップＳ７）。より具体的には、被処理水のシリカ濃度の最大値Ｙｍに基づいて、例えばＲＯ膜分離装置１１の水回収率を設定し、例えばＲＯ膜分離装置１１へ供給する処理水の温度を設定する。このＲＯ膜分離装置１１の水回収率の設定、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１へ供給する処理水の温度の設定は、例えば作業者が手作業で行ってもよいし、制御装置２０のコンピュータで実行されるプログラムによって自動設定するようにしてもよい。
4). Operation condition determination procedure Operation of the
５．作用効果
上記説明した水処理装置の制御手順によれば、被処理水の導電率から、その導電率に対して因果関係がない被処理水のシリカ濃度を高精度に推定することができるので、高価な計測装置を設けることなく、被処理水のシリカ濃度の変動を的確に把握することができる。そして推定したそのシリカ濃度に基づいて、ＲＯ膜分離装置１１の水回収率やＲＯ膜分離装置１１へ供給する被処理水の温度を決定することによって、被処理水のシリカ濃度の変動に的確に対応した最適な運転条件で水処理装置１０を運用して大幅な節水を実現することができる。
5. According to the control procedure of the water treatment apparatus described above, the silica concentration of the water to be treated that has no causal relationship with the conductivity can be estimated with high accuracy from the conductivity of the water to be treated. Without providing an expensive measuring device, it is possible to accurately grasp the change in the silica concentration of the water to be treated. Then, based on the estimated silica concentration, the water recovery rate of the RO
また被処理水の導電率とシリカ濃度との間に相関関係が成立しない場合には、上記説明したように、過去のサンプル分析の蓄積データに基づいて、被処理水のシリカ濃度を統計的に推定するのが好ましい。それによって例えば被処理水の発生源や発生プロセスに一時的に何らかの変動が生じて、被処理水の導電率とシリカ濃度との間の相関関係が一時的に成立しなくなったときでも、適切な運転条件を設定して水処理設備１０の運用を安全に継続することができる。さらに被処理水のシリカ濃度は、上記説明したように、統計解析により被処理水のシリカ濃度の最大値（最悪値）を求め、これを被処理水のシリカ濃度と推定するのが好ましい。それによって最適な運転条件での水処理装置１０の運用をより安全に行うことが可能になる。
If there is no correlation between the conductivity of the water to be treated and the silica concentration, as described above, the silica concentration of the water to be treated is statistically calculated based on the accumulated data of the past sample analysis. It is preferable to estimate. As a result, for example, when there is a temporary change in the source or process of the water to be treated, and the correlation between the conductivity of the water to be treated and the silica concentration is temporarily not established, an appropriate The operation conditions can be set and the operation of the
＜他の実施例、変形例＞
本発明は、上記説明した実施例に特に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明の範囲内で種々の変形が可能であることは言うまでもない。
<Other embodiments and modifications>
The present invention is not particularly limited to the embodiments described above, and it goes without saying that various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention described in the claims.
例えば上記の実施例では、被処理水の導電率に基づいてシリカ濃度を推定する例を挙げて説明したが、本発明は特にこれに限定されない。例えばカルシウム（Ｃａ）、マグネシウム（Ｍｇ）、鉄（Ｆｅ）等、シリカ以外の無機物の濃度を推定することもできる。また例えば生物化学的酸素要求量（Biochemical Oxygen Demand：ＢＯＤ）、化学的酸素要求量（Chemical Oxygen Demand：ＣＯＤ）、全有機炭素（Total Organic Carbon：ＴＯＣ）等が指標となる有機性汚濁物質の濃度を推定することもできる。また例えばアンモニウム態窒素（ＮＨ４−Ｎ）、亜硝酸態窒素（ＮＯ２−Ｎ）、硝酸態窒素（ＮＯ３−Ｎ）等の窒素系汚濁物質の濃度を推定することもできる。また例えばリン酸態リン（ＰＯ４−Ｐ）、全リン（Ｔ−Ｐ）等のリン系汚濁物質、工業生産に使われる原料物質等の排水中の化学物質等を推定することもできる。 For example, in the above embodiment, the silica concentration is estimated based on the conductivity of the water to be treated. However, the present invention is not particularly limited to this. For example, the density | concentration of inorganic substances other than silica, such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe), can also be estimated. In addition, for example, the concentration of organic pollutants whose index is Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Organic Carbon (TOC), etc. Can also be estimated. For example, the concentration of nitrogen pollutants such as ammonium nitrogen (NH 4 -N), nitrite nitrogen (NO 2 -N), nitrate nitrogen (NO 3 -N) can be estimated. In addition, for example, phosphorus-based pollutants such as phosphate phosphorus (PO4-P) and total phosphorus (TP), chemical substances in wastewater such as raw material used in industrial production, and the like can also be estimated.
また例えば上記の実施例では、被処理水の導電率を水質指標とする例を挙げて説明したが、本発明は特にこれに限定されない。例えば固形汚濁物質を含有する紙パルプ関連排水等においては、被処理水の濁度を水質指標とすることもできる。また例えば有機性汚濁物質を含有する排水全般、染色排水等の無機・有機着色排水全般、固形汚濁物質を含有する紙パルプ関連排水等においては、被処理水の吸光度を水質指標とすることもできる。また例えば無機・有機の酸・アルカリ性汚濁物質を含有する排水全般においては、被処理水の水素イオン指数（ｐＨ）を水質指標とすることもできる。また例えば酸化還元性汚濁物質を含有する排水全般、無機・有機の酸・アルカリ性汚濁物質を含有する排水全般においては、被処理水の酸化還元電位（ＯＲＰ）を水質指標とすることもできる。 Further, for example, in the above-described embodiment, the example in which the conductivity of the water to be treated is used as the water quality index has been described, but the present invention is not particularly limited thereto. For example, the turbidity of water to be treated can be used as a water quality indicator for paper pulp related wastewater containing solid pollutants. For example, in general wastewater containing organic pollutants, inorganic and organic colored wastewater such as dyed wastewater, and pulp and paper wastewater containing solid pollutants, the absorbance of treated water can be used as a water quality indicator. . For example, in general waste water containing inorganic / organic acid / alkaline pollutants, the hydrogen ion index (pH) of water to be treated can be used as a water quality index. In addition, for example, in general wastewater containing redox pollutants, and in general wastewater containing inorganic / organic acid / alkaline pollutants, the redox potential (ORP) of water to be treated can be used as a water quality indicator.
１０ 水処理装置
１１ ＲＯ膜分離装置
１２ 導電率センサ
１３ 給水加温装置
１４ 温度センサ
１５ 高圧ポンプ
１６ 第１流量センサ
１７ 第２流量センサ
２０ 制御装置
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (13)
前記相関があることを条件として、前記被処理水の直近一定期間における前記水質指標の計測値の分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果と前記相関に基づいて、前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度を推定する第１汚濁成分濃度推定工程と、
前記相関がないことを条件として、過去の前記被処理水のサンプル分析における前記汚濁成分の蓄積データの濃度分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果に基づいて、前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度を推定する第２汚濁成分濃度推定工程と、
前記相関判定工程の判定結果に基づき前記第１汚濁成分濃度推定工程又は前記第２汚濁成分濃度推定工程のいずれかを選択し、該選択した推定工程によって推定した前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度に基づいて、前記被処理水を処理する水処理設備の運転条件を決定する運転条件決定工程と、を含む、水処理設備の制御方法。 A correlation determination step of periodically determining whether or not there is a correlation between a water quality index and a concentration of a pollutant component that has no causal relationship with the water quality index, from the sample analysis result of the treated water; ,
On the condition that there is the correlation, statistically analyze the distribution of the measured value of the water quality index in the latest fixed period of time, and based on the result of the statistical analysis and the correlation, the contamination of the treated water A first pollutant component concentration estimating step for estimating the concentration of the component;
On the condition that there is no correlation, statistical analysis of the concentration distribution of the accumulated data of the pollutant component in the past sample analysis of the treated water, and based on the result of the statistical analysis, the pollutant component of the treated water A second pollutant component concentration estimating step for estimating the concentration of
Based on the determination result of the correlation determination step, either the first contamination component concentration estimation step or the second contamination component concentration estimation step is selected, and the contamination component of the treated water estimated by the selected estimation step is selected . An operation condition determination step for determining an operation condition of the water treatment facility for treating the water to be treated based on the concentration.
前記相関があることを条件として、前記被処理水の直近一定期間における前記水質指標の計測値の分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果と前記相関に基づいて、前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度を推定する第１汚濁成分濃度推定手順と、
前記相関がないことを条件として、過去の前記被処理水のサンプル分析における前記汚濁成分の蓄積データの濃度分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果に基づいて、前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度を推定する第２汚濁成分濃度推定手順と、
前記相関判定手順の判定結果に基づき前記第１汚濁成分濃度推定手順又は前記第２汚濁成分濃度推定手順のいずれかを選択し、該選択した推定手順によって推定した前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度に基づいて、前記被処理水を処理する水処理設備の運転条件を決定する運転条件決定手順と、をコンピュータに実行させる、水処理設備の制御プログラム。 A correlation determination procedure for determining whether or not there is a correlation between a water quality index and a concentration of a pollutant component that has no causal relationship with the water quality index, from the result of sample analysis of the water to be treated that is periodically performed; ,
On the condition that there is the correlation, statistically analyze the distribution of the measured value of the water quality index in the latest fixed period of time, and based on the result of the statistical analysis and the correlation, the contamination of the treated water A first pollutant component concentration estimation procedure for estimating the concentration of the component;
On the condition that there is no correlation, statistical analysis of the concentration distribution of the accumulated data of the pollutant component in the past sample analysis of the treated water, and based on the result of the statistical analysis, the pollutant component of the treated water A second pollution component concentration estimation procedure for estimating the concentration of
Based on the determination result of the correlation determination procedure, either the first pollution component concentration estimation procedure or the second pollution component concentration estimation procedure is selected, and the contamination component of the treated water estimated by the selected estimation procedure is selected . A control program for a water treatment facility that causes a computer to execute an operation condition determination procedure for determining an operation condition of a water treatment facility that treats the water to be treated based on the concentration.
前記水処理設備で処理される被処理水の水質指標を計測する計測器と、
前記水処理設備を制御する制御装置と、を備え、
前記制御装置は、前記水質指標と前記水質指標に対して因果関係がない汚濁成分の濃度との相関が被処理水にあるか否かを定期的に行う前記被処理水のサンプル分析の結果から判定する相関判定手段と、
前記相関があることを条件として、前記被処理水の直近一定期間における前記水質指標の計測値の分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果と前記相関に基づいて、前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度を推定する第１汚濁成分濃度推定手段と、
前記相関がないことを条件として、過去の前記被処理水のサンプル分析における前記汚濁成分の蓄積データの濃度分布を統計解析し、その統計解析の結果に基づいて、前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度を推定する第２汚濁成分濃度推定手段と、
前記相関判定手段の判定結果に基づき前記第１汚濁成分濃度推定手段又は前記第２汚濁成分濃度推定手段のいずれかを選択し、該選択した推定手段によって推定した前記被処理水の前記汚濁成分の濃度に基づいて、前記水処理設備の運転条件を決定する運転条件決定手段と、を含む、ことを特徴とする水処理システム。 Water treatment equipment,
A measuring instrument for measuring a quality indicator of water to be treated which is treated in the water treatment facility;
A control device for controlling the water treatment facility,
From the result of the sample analysis of the water to be treated, the control device periodically determines whether or not the water to be treated has a correlation between the water quality index and the concentration of the pollutant component having no causal relationship with the water quality index. Correlation determining means for determining;
On the condition that there is the correlation, statistically analyze the distribution of the measured value of the water quality index in the latest fixed period of time, and based on the result of the statistical analysis and the correlation, the contamination of the treated water First pollution component concentration estimation means for estimating the concentration of the component;
On the condition that there is no correlation, statistical analysis of the concentration distribution of the accumulated data of the pollutant component in the past sample analysis of the treated water, and based on the result of the statistical analysis, the pollutant component of the treated water Second pollution component concentration estimation means for estimating the concentration of
Based on the determination result of the correlation determination unit, either the first pollution component concentration estimation unit or the second pollution component concentration estimation unit is selected, and the contamination component of the treated water estimated by the selected estimation unit is selected . And an operating condition determining means for determining an operating condition of the water treatment facility based on the concentration.
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