JP5909148B2 - Internal grinding machine and internal grinding method - Google Patents
Internal grinding machine and internal grinding method Download PDFInfo
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- JP5909148B2 JP5909148B2 JP2012107417A JP2012107417A JP5909148B2 JP 5909148 B2 JP5909148 B2 JP 5909148B2 JP 2012107417 A JP2012107417 A JP 2012107417A JP 2012107417 A JP2012107417 A JP 2012107417A JP 5909148 B2 JP5909148 B2 JP 5909148B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
- Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
Description
本発明は、工作物の内面を研削砥石を用いて研削する内面研削盤に係り、特に研削液(クーラント)や切屑の飛散を抑止して装置の汚損を防止することができる内面研削盤及び内面研削方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an internal grinder that grinds the inner surface of a workpiece using a grinding wheel, and in particular, an internal grinder and an inner surface that can prevent scattering of a grinding fluid (coolant) and chips to prevent the device from being soiled. The present invention relates to a grinding method.
従来、工作物を着脱する際など、研削作業の安全を考慮して作業者が回転する研削砥石に触れることがないように、研削砥石を被覆するために移動可能な危険防止用カバーを備えた研削盤は従来から存在している(特許文献1参照)。 Conventionally, a safety cover that can be moved to cover the grinding wheel is provided so that the operator does not touch the rotating grinding wheel in consideration of the safety of grinding work, such as when attaching and detaching a workpiece. A grinding machine has existed conventionally (see Patent Document 1).
しかしながら、従来の研削盤は、研削砥石が実際に工作物を研削しているときには、研削の邪魔になるカバーは退避する構造であり、そのため研削作業中に工作物に供給されるクーラントや切屑は、研削砥石の回転によって装置の周囲に飛散するとともに、細かな霧状のクーラントミストともなって広く作業環境内に飛散していた。
そして、作業環境にクーラントやクーラントミストが飛散することは、作業環境の安全衛生面から多大な問題があることから、これを改善すべく研削盤全体を覆って開閉するカバーを備えることが行われている。
しかしながら、研削盤全体をカバーで覆ったとしても、カバー内に位置する研削盤全体にクーラントミストが付着して汚損することについては改善されることはなく、またカバー内に充満するクーラントミストを除去するために、集塵装置を設置してダクトを介してカバー内のクーラントミストを吸引・排出することが行われていた。この集塵装置とダクトを設置するためには、多大なスペースとコストを要していた。
However, the conventional grinder has a structure in which the cover that obstructs the grinding is retracted when the grinding wheel is actually grinding the workpiece, so that the coolant and chips supplied to the workpiece during the grinding operation are not In addition to being scattered around the apparatus by the rotation of the grinding wheel, it was widely scattered in the work environment as a fine mist-like coolant mist.
Since the dispersion of coolant and coolant mist in the work environment is a serious problem from the health and safety aspect of the work environment, a cover that opens and closes the entire grinding machine is provided to improve this. ing.
However, even if the entire grinding machine is covered with a cover, there is no improvement with respect to the contamination of the entire grinding machine located in the cover and fouling, and the coolant mist filling the cover is removed. In order to do this, a dust collector has been installed and the coolant mist in the cover has been sucked and discharged through a duct. In order to install the dust collector and the duct, a large amount of space and cost are required.
本発明は以上に述べた事情に鑑みて為されたものであって、その目的は、内面研削盤による研削作業においてクーラントやクーラントミストの飛散を防止することで、研削作業における安全衛生の向上に寄与することができ、かつ省スペースで低コストの内面研削盤を提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances described above, and its purpose is to improve the safety and hygiene in the grinding work by preventing the dispersion of the coolant and the coolant mist in the grinding work by the internal grinding machine. It is to provide an internal grinding machine that can contribute and save space and cost.
本発明の内面研削盤は、工作物を当接して加工の位置決めするワークストッパ及び工作物を保持するチャックを備えた主軸と、研削加工領域を開口して工作物を固定するチャックを被覆すべく主軸に配設された固定カバーと、研削砥石を駆動する砥石スピンドルに配設され研削砥石を砥石軸方向に伸縮自在に覆うバネ性を備えた筒状の伸縮カバーとを備え、研削加工時に前記伸縮カバーが前記固定カバーと当接して工作物と研削砥石を含む前記研削加工領域を封止するとともに、前記主軸及び/又は前記砥石スピンドルの研削加工時の微動を前記伸縮カバーが吸収して研削加工領域の封止を維持することを特徴とする。
このような構成とすることにより、工作物に送出されるクーラントが研削加工時に周囲に飛散するものの、固定カバーと伸縮カバーとにより研削加工領域が封止されることから、研削加工領域の外にクーラントは飛散することがない。
The internal grinding machine of the present invention covers a spindle having a workpiece stopper for holding and positioning a workpiece by contacting the workpiece and a chuck for holding the workpiece, and a chuck for opening the grinding region and fixing the workpiece. A fixed cover disposed on the main shaft, and a cylindrical expansion / contraction cover provided on a grindstone spindle that drives the grinding wheel, and having a spring property that covers the grinding grindstone in an elastic manner in the direction of the grindstone axis. A telescopic cover abuts the fixed cover to seal the grinding region including the workpiece and the grinding wheel, and the telescopic cover absorbs fine movement during grinding of the main spindle and / or the grinding wheel spindle to perform grinding. It is characterized by maintaining the sealing of the processing area.
With this configuration, the coolant delivered to the workpiece is scattered around during grinding, but the grinding area is sealed by the fixed cover and the extendable cover. The coolant will not scatter.
また、伸縮カバーは、ジャバラ形状からなることを特徴とする。
これにより、主軸や砥石スピンドルが微動してもこれを伸縮カバーが吸収して固定カバーと伸縮カバーとによる研削加工領域の封止が維持される。
The extendable cover has a bellows shape.
Thereby, even if the main shaft or the grindstone spindle is finely moved, the expansion / contraction cover absorbs this and the sealing of the grinding region by the fixed cover and the expansion / contraction cover is maintained.
また、ワークストッパの中央には工作物の加工孔に連通するクーラント流通路を有することを特徴とする。 The center of the work stopper has a coolant flow passage communicating with the machining hole of the workpiece.
本発明の内面研削方法は、工作物を当接して加工の位置決めし該工作物の加工孔に連通するクーラント流通路を有するワークストッパ及び工作物を保持するチャックを備えた主軸と、研削加工領域を開口して工作物を固定するチャックを被覆すべく主軸に配設された固定カバーと、研削砥石を駆動する砥石スピンドルに配設され研削砥石を砥石軸方向に伸縮自在に覆うバネ性を備えた筒状の伸縮カバーとを備えた内面研削盤を用いた研削方法であって、研削加工時に前記伸縮カバーが前記固定カバーと当接して工作物と研削砥石を含む前記研削加工領域を封止するとともに、前記主軸及び/又は前記砥石スピンドルの研削加工時の微動を前記伸縮カバーが吸収して研削加工領域の封止を維持することを特徴とする。 An inner surface grinding method of the present invention includes a spindle having a workpiece stopper having a coolant flow passage that contacts a workpiece and positions the workpiece and communicates with a machining hole of the workpiece and a chuck that holds the workpiece, and a grinding region A fixed cover disposed on the main shaft to cover the chuck that fixes the workpiece by opening the opening, and a spring property that is disposed on the grindstone spindle that drives the grindstone and covers the grindstone in the direction of the grindstone axis. A grinding method using an internal grinding machine provided with a cylindrical expansion / contraction cover, wherein the expansion / contraction cover abuts the fixed cover during grinding and seals the grinding region including a workpiece and a grinding wheel In addition, the telescopic cover absorbs fine movement during grinding of the main spindle and / or the grinding wheel spindle, and maintains the sealing of the grinding region.
以下、添付図面を参照しながら、本発明に係る内面研削盤を実施するための形態を詳細に説明する。図1〜図3は、本発明の実施の形態を例示する図であり、これらの図において、同一の符号を付した部分は同一物を表わし、基本的な構成及び動作は同様であるものとする。
<構成>
まず図1に示すように、本発明の内面研削盤1は、工作物Wを着脱自在に保持し回転するチャック2を備えた主軸(回転部)3と、この主軸(回転部)3を回転自在に軸支する主軸(固定部)4と、この主軸(固定部)4に配設され、研削加工領域を開口させてチャック2を被蓋する金属等の剛性を有する筒状の固定カバー5と、研削砥石6を回転駆動する砥石スピンドル7とを備えており、図示しない砥石軸スライドが砥石スピンドル7を載置して砥石軸方向に往復動する構成を有している。8は、工作物Wを押し当てて加工する基準位置となるワークストッパであり、その中心にクーラント流通路8aを備えて主軸側から送出されるクーラントを、この流通路と通じる工作物Wの加工孔Waに流通させる構成としている。
前記固定カバー5は、基端部を主軸(固定部)4に固定され、そこから対向する砥石スピンドル7方向に筒状に延出し、チャック2の外周を被覆した位置から、主軸の回転軸中心方向に延出して工作物Wを保持するチャック2を被蓋する形状の正面部5aを有しており、この正面部5aの中央部分は、研削砥石6が工作物Wの加工孔Waを研削加工するために挿通する円形の開口部5bとしている。
Hereinafter, an embodiment for implementing an internal grinding machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3 are diagrams illustrating embodiments of the present invention. In these drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and the basic configuration and operation are the same. To do.
<Configuration>
First, as shown in FIG. 1, an internal grinding machine 1 according to the present invention rotates a spindle (rotating part) 3 provided with a chuck 2 that holds and rotates a workpiece W detachably, and the spindle (rotating part) 3. A main shaft (fixed portion) 4 that freely supports the shaft, and a cylindrical fixed cover 5 that is disposed on the main shaft (fixed portion) 4 and has a rigidity such as metal that covers the chuck 2 by opening a grinding region. And a grinding wheel spindle 7 that rotationally drives the grinding wheel 6, and has a configuration in which a grinding wheel shaft slide (not shown) reciprocates in the grinding wheel axis direction with the grinding wheel spindle 7 mounted thereon. Reference numeral 8 denotes a work stopper serving as a reference position for pressing and machining the workpiece W. The workpiece stopper 8 includes a coolant flow path 8a at the center thereof, and the workpiece W is connected to the flow path from the spindle. It is set as the structure distribute | circulated to the hole Wa.
The fixed cover 5 has a base end fixed to the main shaft (fixed portion) 4, extends in a cylindrical shape toward the grindstone spindle 7 facing from the base, and from the position where the outer periphery of the chuck 2 is covered, the center of the rotation axis of the main shaft The front portion 5a has a shape that covers the chuck 2 that extends in the direction and holds the workpiece W, and the grinding wheel 6 grinds the machining hole Wa of the workpiece W in the central portion of the front portion 5a. It is set as the circular opening part 5b penetrated in order to process.
そして、砥石スピンドル7の研削砥石6側の先端部には、研削砥石6を保持する砥石軸9の側周面を被覆するように筒状の伸縮カバー10が配設されており、この伸縮カバー10はその開口先端部10aを、前記固定カバー5の正面部5aに当接可能に位置するとともに、その基端部10bを砥石スピンドル7の外周に固定している。
また、伸縮カバー10は、その基端部10bを砥石スピンドル7の外周に固定した状態で、開口先端部10aが砥石軸方向に伸縮自在な構造を有し、本実施例にあっては、ジャバラ状のバネ性を有するベローズ材を用いて説明する。この伸縮カバー10のバネ性は、砥石軸方向の工作物Wに向かう方向に伸張するように付勢されている。伸縮カバー10のベローズ材としては、耐久性のある金属製、合成樹脂製、または金属と合成樹脂の複合材を適宜用いることとする。そして、砥石スピンドル7は、研削加工時に砥石軸方向にオシレーション(揺動)するが、その振幅を伸縮カバー10のバネ性により吸収させることとする。
また、ベローズ材以外の伸縮カバー10としては、ジャバラ状に限られることなく、例えば伸縮式のロッドアンテナのように内径が少しずつ異なる複数の筒体を内包させ、適宜なバネ性と伸縮機能を発揮する筒状体を用いてもよい。11は、固定カバー5の底部に設けたドレンであり、固定カバー5内に溜まるクーラントを外に排出する。
A cylindrical expansion / contraction cover 10 is disposed at the tip of the grinding wheel spindle 7 on the grinding wheel 6 side so as to cover the side peripheral surface of the grinding wheel shaft 9 that holds the grinding wheel 6. Reference numeral 10 denotes an opening distal end portion 10 a that is positioned so as to be in contact with the front surface portion 5 a of the fixed cover 5, and has a base end portion 10 b fixed to the outer periphery of the grindstone spindle 7.
The telescopic cover 10 has a structure in which the opening end 10a can be expanded and contracted in the direction of the grindstone axis while the base end 10b is fixed to the outer periphery of the grindstone spindle 7. In this embodiment, the bellows This will be described using a bellows material having a spring shape. The spring property of the extendable cover 10 is biased so as to extend in the direction toward the workpiece W in the grinding wheel axis direction. As the bellows material of the stretchable cover 10, a durable metal, synthetic resin, or composite material of metal and synthetic resin is appropriately used. The grinding wheel spindle 7 oscillates (oscillates) in the grinding wheel axis direction during grinding, but the amplitude is absorbed by the spring property of the extendable cover 10.
Further, the stretchable cover 10 other than the bellows material is not limited to a bellows shape, and includes, for example, a plurality of cylindrical bodies having slightly different inner diameters, such as a stretchable rod antenna, and has appropriate springiness and a stretchable function. You may use the cylindrical body which exhibits. A drain 11 is provided at the bottom of the fixed cover 5 and discharges coolant accumulated in the fixed cover 5 to the outside.
<研削方法>
このような構成からなる本発明の内面研削盤1について、以下に詳述する。
まず、図2に示すごとく、工作物Wの加工孔Waを研削加工するために、砥石軸スライドを駆動して砥石スピンドル7を工作物W方向、すなわち図の左方向に移動する。そして、研削砥石6が工作物Wに当接する前に、伸縮カバー10の開口先端部10aを固定カバー5の正面部5aに当接させる。これにより、研削加工時の研削砥石6と工作物Wとが占める領域が、固定カバー5と伸縮カバー10とにより被覆される。
そして、この状態でクーラントを主軸、ワークストッパのクーラント流通路8aを通って工作物Wの加工孔Waに流通させ、図3に示すように、さらに砥石軸スライドが左方向に移動して、研削砥石6を工作物Wの加工孔Waの内周面に挿入し当接させて研削する。この研削中に砥石軸スライドが、砥石軸方向に0.1〜20ミリメートルの範囲でオシレーション(揺動)するが、伸縮カバー10はその開口先端部10aを、固定カバー5の正面部5aに当接した状態を維持したままオシレーションを吸収し、当接した部位からクーラントミストが漏れ出ることはない。
<Grinding method>
The internal grinding machine 1 of the present invention having such a configuration will be described in detail below.
First, as shown in FIG. 2, in order to grind the machining hole Wa of the workpiece W, the grindstone shaft slide is driven to move the grindstone spindle 7 in the workpiece W direction, that is, in the left direction in the figure. Then, before the grinding wheel 6 comes into contact with the workpiece W, the opening tip portion 10 a of the extendable cover 10 is brought into contact with the front portion 5 a of the fixed cover 5. As a result, the area occupied by the grinding wheel 6 and the workpiece W during grinding is covered with the fixed cover 5 and the extendable cover 10.
In this state, the coolant passes through the spindle, the coolant flow passage 8a of the work stopper, and flows into the machining hole Wa of the workpiece W. As shown in FIG. The grindstone 6 is inserted into and contacted with the inner peripheral surface of the machining hole Wa of the workpiece W to be ground. During this grinding, the wheel spindle slide oscillates (oscillates) in the range of 0.1 to 20 millimeters in the wheel axis direction, but the telescopic cover 10 has its opening tip 10a at the front part 5a of the fixed cover 5. Oscillation is absorbed while maintaining the contacted state, and the coolant mist does not leak from the contacted part.
研削により飛散するクーラントは、主に固定カバー5内で受け止めて、その底部に溜めつつドレン11から排出するとともに、クーラントミストは固定カバー5内と伸縮カバー10内に充満するものの、時間経過とともに内周面に付着して滴下する。そして、研削加工が終了して、工作物Wを取り替えるべく砥石スライドを図の右方向に移動させ、工作物Wの加工孔Waから研削砥石6が抜け出たときにクーラントの供給を止め、さらに砥石スライドを図の右方向に移動して固定カバー5と伸縮カバー10を引き離す。
また、主軸側についても、研削加工中に主軸スライドにより砥石軸と直角方向に切り込み分の移動が行われるが、その際、固定カバー5に当接する伸縮カバー10の開口先端部10aは摺動したり、伸縮カバー10が撓んだりして移動量の変位を吸収することとする。
The coolant scattered by grinding is mainly received in the fixed cover 5 and discharged from the drain 11 while accumulating at the bottom, while the coolant mist fills the fixed cover 5 and the expansion / contraction cover 10 with the passage of time. It adheres to the peripheral surface and drops. Then, after the grinding process is finished, the grindstone slide is moved to the right in the figure to replace the workpiece W, and when the grinding wheel 6 comes out of the machining hole Wa of the workpiece W, the supply of coolant is stopped, and the grindstone The slide is moved to the right in the figure, and the fixed cover 5 and the expansion cover 10 are pulled apart.
In addition, on the spindle side, during the grinding process, the notch is moved in a direction perpendicular to the grinding wheel axis by the spindle slide. At this time, the opening tip 10a of the expansion / contraction cover 10 that contacts the fixed cover 5 slides. Or the elastic cover 10 is bent to absorb the displacement of the movement amount.
本発明の内面研削盤は、金属等の各種素材を精密に研削加工する加工産業において利用することができるものである。 The internal grinding machine of the present invention can be used in the processing industry for precisely grinding various materials such as metals.
1…内面研削盤
2…チャック
5…固定カバー
5a…正面部
5b…開口部
6…研削砥石
7…砥石スピンドル
8…ワークストッパ
8a…クーラント流通路
9…砥石軸
10…伸縮カバー
10a…開口先端部
10b…基端部
W…工作物
Wa…加工孔
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Internal grinding machine 2 ... Chuck 5 ... Fixed cover 5a ... Front part 5b ... Opening part 6 ... Grinding wheel 7 ... Grinding wheel spindle 8 ... Work stopper 8a ... Coolant flow path 9 ... Grinding wheel shaft 10 ... Telescopic cover 10a ... Opening tip part 10b ... Base end W ... Workpiece Wa ... Machining hole
Claims (4)
研削加工領域を開口して工作物を固定するチャックを被覆すべく主軸に配設された固定カバーと、
研削砥石を駆動する砥石スピンドルに配設され研削砥石を砥石軸方向の工作物に向かう方向に伸張するように付勢されて伸縮自在に覆うバネ性を備え、工作物着脱時には前記固定カバーと離れて設けられた筒状の伸縮カバーと
を備え、
研削加工時には、
前記伸縮カバーが前記固定カバーと当接して工作物と研削砥石を含む前記研削加工領域を封止して、クーラント及びクーラントミストの飛散を防止するとともに、
前記主軸及び/又は前記砥石スピンドルの研削加工時の0.1〜20mmの範囲の砥石軸方向の揺動を前記伸縮カバーが吸収して研削加工領域の封止を維持する
ことを特徴とする内面研削盤。 A spindle having a chuck for holding the workpiece stopper and the workpiece to have a coolant passage which communicates the workpiece machining hole positioning and the workpiece in machining contact,
A fixing cover disposed on the main shaft to cover a chuck that opens a grinding region and fixes a workpiece;
A spring property covering telescopically the grinding wheel is disposed in the grindstone spindle to drive the grinding wheel is urged so as to extend in a direction toward the workpiece of the grinding wheel axis direction, at the time of workpiece removable apart from the fixed cover And a cylindrical expansion cover provided
During grinding,
And sealing the grinding area in which the elastic cover comprises said fixed cover and contact with the workpiece and the grinding wheel, thereby preventing scattering of the coolant and coolant mist,
Inner surface, characterized in that the spindle and / or the swing of the wheel axis in the range of 0.1~20mm during grinding of the grinding wheel spindle said elastic cover absorbs maintain the sealing of the grinding area Grinder.
研削加工領域を開口して工作物を固定するチャックを被覆すべく主軸に配設された固定カバーと、
研削砥石を駆動する砥石スピンドルに配設され研削砥石を砥石軸方向の工作物に向かう方向に伸張するように付勢されて伸縮自在に覆うバネ性を備え、工作物着脱時には前記固定カバーと離れて設けられた筒状の伸縮カバーと
を備えた内面研削盤を用いた研削方法であって、
研削加工時に前記伸縮カバーが前記固定カバーと当接して工作物と研削砥石を含む前記研削加工領域を封止して、クーラント及びクーラントミストの飛散を防止し、かつ、液体として回収するとともに、
前記主軸及び/又は前記砥石スピンドルの研削加工時の微動を前記伸縮カバーが吸収して研削加工領域の封止を維持する
ことを特徴とする内面研削方法。 A spindle provided with a workpiece stopper having a coolant flow path that contacts a workpiece and positions the workpiece and communicates with a machining hole of the workpiece, and a chuck that holds the workpiece;
A fixing cover disposed on the spindle to cover the chuck that opens the grinding area and fixes the workpiece;
A spring property covering telescopically the grinding wheel is disposed in the grindstone spindle to drive the grinding wheel is urged so as to extend in a direction toward the workpiece of the grinding wheel axis direction, at the time of workpiece removable apart from the fixed cover A grinding method using an internal grinding machine provided with a cylindrical telescopic cover provided,
And sealing the grinding area in which the elastic cover during grinding comprises said fixed cover and contact with the workpiece and the grinding wheel to prevent the scattering of the coolant and coolant mist and is recovered as a liquid,
An inner surface grinding method, wherein the expansion and contraction cover absorbs fine movements during grinding of the main spindle and / or the grindstone spindle to maintain sealing of the grinding region.
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