JP5906744B2 - Semiconductor power converter - Google Patents

Semiconductor power converter Download PDF

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JP5906744B2
JP5906744B2 JP2012000919A JP2012000919A JP5906744B2 JP 5906744 B2 JP5906744 B2 JP 5906744B2 JP 2012000919 A JP2012000919 A JP 2012000919A JP 2012000919 A JP2012000919 A JP 2012000919A JP 5906744 B2 JP5906744 B2 JP 5906744B2
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capacitor
power conversion
electrode terminal
semiconductor power
cooling body
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JP2013141372A (en
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陽大 北野
陽大 北野
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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この発明は、半導体電力変換素子と平滑コンデンサを直並列接続して構成した半導体電力変換装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a semiconductor power conversion device configured by connecting a semiconductor power conversion element and a smoothing capacitor in series and parallel.

この種の電力変換装置においては、特許文献1に示されるように半導体電力変換素子相互を接続する導体だけでなく、半導体電力変換素子と平滑コンデンサを接続する導体のインダクタンスを極力低減することが要請されている。   In this type of power conversion device, it is required to reduce the inductance of the conductor connecting the semiconductor power conversion element and the smoothing capacitor as much as possible, as well as the conductor connecting the semiconductor power conversion elements as disclosed in Patent Document 1. Has been.

また、半導体電力変換装置においては、IGBTのような半導体電力変換素子を例えば2個または4個組み合わせて構成したブリッジ回路のアーム回路をモジュール化した半導体電力変換モジュールにより電力変換回路を構成することが一般的である。   In the semiconductor power conversion device, the power conversion circuit may be configured by a semiconductor power conversion module obtained by modularizing an arm circuit of a bridge circuit configured by combining two or four semiconductor power conversion elements such as IGBTs. It is common.

そして、電力変換回路を構成する複数の半導体電力変換モジュール1、2を、図4および図5に示すように共通の冷却体3の対向する例えば上下両面に配設することで、装置の小型化を図ることが既に行われている。   The plurality of semiconductor power conversion modules 1 and 2 constituting the power conversion circuit are disposed on, for example, the upper and lower surfaces of the common cooling body 3 as shown in FIGS. Has already been done.

このように冷却体3の上下両面に配設した複数の半導体電力変換モジュール1、2に平滑コンデンサ4を接続する場合、図4および図5に示すように接続導体により接続している。すなわち、コンデンサ4には、上面だけにしか正極端子pおよび負極端子nが設けられていないため、冷却体3の上面に配設されたモジュール1の場合は、コンデンサ4の正極端子pおよび負極端子nに接続された導体6p、6nをほぼ水平に伸ばしてその先端を、それぞれモジュール1の正極端子P1および負極端子N1から引き出された導体5P、5Nに接続することによりコンデンサ5の接続を行う。   When the smoothing capacitor 4 is connected to the plurality of semiconductor power conversion modules 1 and 2 disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the cooling body 3 as described above, they are connected by connection conductors as shown in FIGS. That is, since the positive electrode terminal p and the negative electrode terminal n are provided only on the upper surface of the capacitor 4, in the case of the module 1 disposed on the upper surface of the cooling body 3, the positive electrode terminal p and the negative electrode terminal of the capacitor 4. The capacitor 5 is connected by extending the conductors 6p and 6n connected to n substantially horizontally and connecting the tips thereof to the conductors 5P and 5N drawn from the positive terminal P1 and the negative terminal N1 of the module 1, respectively.

これに対して、冷却体の下面に配設されたモジュール2の場合は、コンデンサ5の正負端子p、nから引き出した接続した導体6p、6nから水平に左側へコンデンサ5の左端を回避できるところまで伸ばして、ここから垂直に折り曲げてコンデンサ5の下端を回避できるところまで伸ばし、さらにここからほぼ水平に伸ばした接続導体7p、7nの先端をそれぞれモジュール2の正極および負極の端子P2、N2に接続することにより、コンデンサ5を上側のモジュール1に接続するようにしている。   On the other hand, in the case of the module 2 disposed on the lower surface of the cooling body, the left end of the capacitor 5 can be avoided horizontally from the connected conductors 6p and 6n drawn from the positive and negative terminals p and n of the capacitor 5 to the left side. The ends of the connecting conductors 7p and 7n extending from here to the position where the lower end of the capacitor 5 can be avoided by being bent vertically and extending almost horizontally from here to the positive and negative terminals P2 and N2 of the module 2, respectively. By connecting, the capacitor 5 is connected to the upper module 1.

なお、モジュール1および2のそれぞれの交流出力端子となるCE端子は、それぞれに接続された接続導体8および9により外部の導体に接続される。この導体8、9は、電力変換回路の構成の仕方によっては、共通の導体となることもある。   The CE terminals serving as the AC output terminals of the modules 1 and 2 are connected to external conductors by connecting conductors 8 and 9 respectively connected thereto. The conductors 8 and 9 may be a common conductor depending on the configuration of the power conversion circuit.

このように構成された電力変換装置の電気回路の構成は図3に示すようになる。   The configuration of the electric circuit of the power converter configured as described above is as shown in FIG.

特開平07‐303380号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-303380

前記のような従来装置においては、冷却体3の上面に配設したモジュール1とコンデンサ4との接続は、端子が同じレベルの面となるので、比較的短い導体で接続することができるが、冷却体3の下面に配設したモジュール2とコンデンサ4との接続は、双方の端子の配置面のレベルが異なることにより、コンデンサ4の端子に接続された接続導体7をモジュール2の端子のレベルまで伸ばす必要があるため、導体の長さが長くなる。このため、モジュール2とコンデンサ4との間の配線インダクタンスが増大し、モジュール2の内部の電力変換素子のスイッチン動作時に発生する跳ね上がり電圧が増大するので、損失電力の増大や、過電圧による素子の破壊が起こる問題がある。   In the conventional device as described above, the connection between the module 1 and the capacitor 4 arranged on the upper surface of the cooling body 3 can be made with a relatively short conductor because the terminals are at the same level surface. The connection between the module 2 disposed on the lower surface of the cooling body 3 and the capacitor 4 is such that the connection conductor 7 connected to the terminal of the capacitor 4 is connected to the level of the terminal of the module 2 because the level of the arrangement surface of both terminals differs Therefore, the length of the conductor becomes long. For this reason, the wiring inductance between the module 2 and the capacitor 4 increases, and the jumping voltage generated at the time of switching operation of the power conversion element inside the module 2 increases. There is a problem of destruction.

この発明は、このような問題を解消するため、装置が小形で、半導体電力変換モジュールとコンデンサの配線インダクタンスの低減された半導体電力変換装置を提供することを課題とするものである。   In order to solve such a problem, an object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor power conversion device in which the device is small and the wiring inductance of the semiconductor power conversion module and the capacitor is reduced.

前記の課題を解決するため、この発明は、冷却体の対向する両面にそれぞれ半導体電力変換モジュールを取付け、この冷却体に取付けた半導体電力変換モジュールに平滑用のコンデンサを電気的に接続して構成した電力変換装置において、前記コンデンサの対向する両面にそれぞれ正極端子および負極端子を設け、このコンデンサの正極端子および負極端子の設けられた各面と、前記冷却体の各面に取り付けた半導体電力変換モジュールの正極端子および負極端子の設けられた各面とがほぼ同一レベル面になるように前記コンデンサと前記冷却体とを並置し、前記冷却体の各面に取り付けられた半導体電力変換モジュールの正極端子および負極端子と前記コンデンサの各面の正極端子および負極端子とを、それぞれ前記冷却体とコンデンサの各面ごとに接続導体により電気的に接続したことを特徴とするものである。 In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is configured by attaching a semiconductor power conversion module to each of opposite surfaces of a cooling body, and electrically connecting a smoothing capacitor to the semiconductor power conversion module attached to the cooling body. In the power conversion apparatus, a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal are provided on both opposing surfaces of the capacitor, respectively, and each surface of the capacitor provided with the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal and a semiconductor power conversion device attached to each surface of the cooling body The positive electrode of the semiconductor power conversion module attached to each surface of the cooling body, wherein the capacitor and the cooling body are juxtaposed so that the surfaces on which the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of the module are provided are substantially at the same level. A terminal and a negative electrode terminal and a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal on each surface of the capacitor; It is characterized in that the electrically connected by connecting conductors to each surface.

この発明においては、前記コンデンサの両面に設けた正極端子および負極端子に、前記コンデンサ内部に配置された複数のコンデンサ素子の各極端子を、同極同士このコンデンサの内部において接続するようにするのがよい。 In the present invention, the positive terminal and a negative terminal provided on both sides of the capacitor, each terminal of the plurality of capacitor elements arranged inside the capacitor, so as to connect the inside of the capacitor Dokyokudo Sico It is good to do.

この発明によれば、冷却体の対向する両面に取付けられた半導体電力変換モジュールに接続するコンデンサの対向する両面にそれぞれコンデンサの正極および負極端子を設けて、コンデンサの各面の正極および負極端子をこれと同一面に置かれた半導体電力変換モジュールの正極および負極端子に導体により電気的に接続しているので、半導体電力変換装置を小形化し得るとともに、半導体電力変換モジュールの正負の電極とコンデンサの正負の電極との接続導体の長さを短縮でき、配線インダクタンスを低減できる。このため、スイッチングの半導体電力変換モジュールの内部素子に生じる瞬時跳ね上がり電圧を抑制することが可能となる。   According to the present invention, the positive and negative terminals of the capacitor are provided on both sides of the capacitor connected to the semiconductor power conversion module mounted on both sides of the cooling body, and the positive and negative terminals on each side of the capacitor are provided. Since the semiconductor power conversion module is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the semiconductor power conversion module placed on the same plane by a conductor, the semiconductor power conversion device can be miniaturized, and the positive and negative electrodes and capacitors of the semiconductor power conversion module can be reduced. The length of the connection conductor with the positive and negative electrodes can be shortened, and the wiring inductance can be reduced. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the instantaneous jump voltage generated in the internal element of the switching semiconductor power conversion module.

この発明の実施例の電力変換装置の構成を示す正面図。The front view which shows the structure of the power converter device of the Example of this invention. この発明の実施例の電力変換装置の構成を示す平面図。The top view which shows the structure of the power converter device of the Example of this invention. この発明に使用する平滑コンデンサの実施例を示す縦断面図。The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the Example of the smoothing capacitor used for this invention. この発明の実施例の電力変換装置の電気回路構成図。The electric circuit block diagram of the power converter device of the Example of this invention. 従来の電力変換装置の構成を示す正面図。The front view which shows the structure of the conventional power converter device. 従来の電力変換装置の構成を示す平面図。The top view which shows the structure of the conventional power converter device.

この発明の実施の形態を図に示す実施例について説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

図1および図2はこの発明の実施例を示すものである。図1および図2において、1および2は冷却体3対向する上面および下面に取付けられた半導体電力変換モジュールであり、4はこの半導体電力変換モジュールに接続する平滑用のコンデンサである。   1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention. 1 and 2, reference numerals 1 and 2 denote semiconductor power conversion modules attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the cooling body 3, and 4 denotes a smoothing capacitor connected to the semiconductor power conversion module.

コンデンサ4には、この発明にしたがって、その対向する上面および下面にそれぞれ正極端子p1、p2および負極端子n1、n2が設けられている。   Capacitor 4 is provided with positive terminals p1 and p2 and negative terminals n1 and n2 on the opposed upper and lower surfaces, respectively, according to the present invention.

コンデンサ4の上下面の同極性の端子、すなわち正極端子p1とp2、負極端子n1とn2は、それぞれ、図3に示すように、絶縁収納ケース46の内部に平行に配設された正極接続導体48および負極接続導体49のケース外へ突出した上下端に相互に電気的に接続して形成されている。そして、絶縁収納ケース46の中に積層して配置された複数のコンデンサ素子41〜45を正極接続導体48と負極接続導体49との間に並列接続して1つのコンデンサ4が構成される。正極接続導体48と負極接続導体49とにコンデンサ素子41〜45を並列接続した構造であるため、コンデンサ4の端子p1、p2間、および端子n1、n2間のインダクタンスはほぼ零とみなすことができる。 The terminals of the same polarity on the upper and lower surfaces of the capacitor 4, that is, the positive terminals p 1 and p 2 and the negative terminals n 1 and n 2, respectively, are connected in parallel to the inside of the insulating housing case 46 as shown in FIG. 48 and the negative electrode connection conductor 49 are formed so as to be electrically connected to the upper and lower ends protruding from the case. A plurality of capacitor elements 41 to 45 arranged in a laminated manner in the insulating storage case 46 are connected in parallel between the positive electrode connection conductor 48 and the negative electrode connection conductor 49 to form one capacitor 4. Since the capacitor elements 41 to 45 are connected in parallel to the positive electrode connecting conductor 48 and the negative electrode connecting conductor 49, the inductance between the terminals p1 and p2 of the capacitor 4 and between the terminals n1 and n2 can be regarded as almost zero. .

コンデンサ4の上面に設けられた端子p1、n1は、冷却体3の上面に取付けられた半導体電力変換モジュール1の端子P1、N1、CE1の設けられた面とほぼ同一のレベルの面に置かれる。そしてコンデンサ4の下面に設けられた端子p2、n2は、冷却体3の下面に取付けられた半導体電力変換モジュール2の端子P2、N2、CE2の設けられた面とほぼ同一のレベルの面に置かれるようにしている。コンデンサ4の端子の設けられている面が、冷却体3に取り付けられた半導体電力変換モジュール1、2の端子の設けられた面と同一レベルにない場合は、コンデンサ4の端子またはモジュール1、2の端子の高さを同一レベルになるように揃える。この結果、コンデンサ4と冷却体3とは、コンデンサ4の端子p1、n1およびp2、n2の設けられた各面と、冷却体3の上下面に取り付けられた半導体電力変換モジュール1および2の正極端子および負極端子の設けられた各面とがほぼ同一レベル面となるように並置されることになる。 Terminals p1 and n1 provided on the upper surface of the capacitor 4 are placed on a surface at substantially the same level as the surface on which the terminals P1, N1 and CE1 of the semiconductor power conversion module 1 attached to the upper surface of the cooling body 3 are provided. The The terminals p2 and n2 provided on the lower surface of the capacitor 4 are placed on a surface at substantially the same level as the surface on which the terminals P2, N2 and CE2 of the semiconductor power conversion module 2 attached to the lower surface of the cooling body 3 are provided. I try to be. When the surface on which the terminal of the capacitor 4 is provided is not at the same level as the surface on which the terminal of the semiconductor power conversion module 1 or 2 attached to the cooling body 3 is provided, the terminal of the capacitor 4 or the module 1 or 2 Align the height of the terminals so that they are at the same level. As a result, the capacitor 4 and the cooling body 3 are connected to each surface of the capacitor 4 where the terminals p1, n1, p2, and n2 are provided and to the positive electrodes of the semiconductor power conversion modules 1 and 2 attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the cooling body 3. The surfaces on which the terminal and the negative electrode terminal are provided are juxtaposed so as to be substantially the same level surface.

これにより、コンデンサ4の上面の端子p1、n1に接続してこれから引き出された接続導体6p、6nは、従来と同様に水平に伸ばして先端を冷却体3の上面に取付けたモジュール1の正極端子P1、負極端子N1から引き出された接続導体5P、5Nに接続することができる。また、コンデンサの下面の端子p2、n2も、冷却体3の下面に取付けたモジュール2の端子P2、N2、CE2の設けられた面とほぼ同一のレベル面に置かれているので、この端子p2、n2に接続し、これから引き出した接続導体10p、10nも、ほぼ水平に伸ばして、先端を冷却体3の下面に取付けたモジュール2の正極端子P2、負極端子N2に接続することができる。 Thus, now drawn connection conductors 6p connected to the terminal p1, n1 of the upper surface of the capacitor 4, 6n is conventionally as well as stretched horizontally, the module 1 fitted with a tip on the upper surface of the cold却体3 The connection conductors 5P and 5N drawn from the positive terminal P1 and the negative terminal N1 can be connected. Further, the terminals p2 and n2 on the lower surface of the capacitor are also placed on substantially the same level surface as the surface where the terminals P2, N2 and CE2 of the module 2 mounted on the lower surface of the cooling body 3 are provided. , N2 and the connecting conductors 10p, 10n drawn out from this can also be extended almost horizontally and connected to the positive terminal P2 and the negative terminal N2 of the module 2 whose tip is attached to the lower surface of the cooling body 3.

なお、モジュール1および2のそれぞれの交流出力端子となるCE端子は、従来装置と同様に、それぞれに接続された接続導体8および9により外部の導体に接続される。   The CE terminals serving as the AC output terminals of the modules 1 and 2 are connected to external conductors by connecting conductors 8 and 9 connected to the CE terminals as in the conventional device.

モジュール1および2は、それぞれ、図4に示すように、内部にIGBT素子とダイオードを組み合わせた2個の半導体電力変素子S1、S2の直列接続回路を有している。そして、モジュール1および2を並列接続するとともに直流端子間にコンデンサ4および直流電源11を接続して電力変換回路を構成する。 As shown in FIG. 4 , each of the modules 1 and 2 has a series connection circuit of two semiconductor power changing elements S1 and S2 in which an IGBT element and a diode are combined. Then, the modules 1 and 2 are connected in parallel, and the capacitor 4 and the DC power source 11 are connected between the DC terminals to constitute a power conversion circuit.

この発明の電力変換装置は、前記のように構成されるので、冷却体3の上面および下面に取付けられたモジュール2および3とコンデンサ4との接続導体をほぼ同じ長さにすることができる。この場合、特に、冷却体4の下面に取付けられたモジュール2とコンデンサ4とを接続する導体10は、従来装置の接続導体7に比べて大幅に長さを短縮することができる。このため、この発明によれば、装置を小形にできるとともに、配線インダクタンスを低減することができる。   Since the power conversion device of the present invention is configured as described above, the connection conductors of the modules 2 and 3 and the capacitor 4 attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the cooling body 3 can be made substantially the same length. In this case, in particular, the length of the conductor 10 connecting the module 2 attached to the lower surface of the cooling body 4 and the capacitor 4 can be greatly reduced compared to the connection conductor 7 of the conventional device. For this reason, according to this invention, while being able to make a device small, wiring inductance can be reduced.

1、2:半導体電力変換モジュール
3:冷却体
4:コンデンサ
41−45:コンデンサ素子
5P、5N、6p、6n、10p、10n:接続導体
1, 2: Semiconductor power conversion module 3: Cooling body 4: Capacitor 41-45: Capacitor element 5P, 5N, 6p, 6n, 10p, 10n: Connection conductor

Claims (2)

冷却体の対向する両面にそれぞれ半導体電力変換モジュールを取付け、この冷却体に取付けた半導体電力変換モジュールに平滑用のコンデンサを電気的に接続して構成した電力変換装置において、
前記コンデンサの対向する両面にそれぞれ正極端子および負極端子を設け、このコンデンサの正極端子および負極端子の設けられた各面と、前記冷却体の各面に取り付けた半導体電力変換モジュールの正極端子および負極端子の設けられた各面とがほぼ同一レベル面になるように前記コンデンサと前記冷却体とを並置し、前記冷却体の各面に取り付けられた半導体電力変換モジュールの正極端子および負極端子と前記コンデンサの各面の正極端子および負極端子とを、それぞれ前記冷却体とコンデンサの各面ごとに接続導体により電気的に接続したことを特徴とする電力変換装置。
In the power conversion device configured by attaching the semiconductor power conversion module to each of the opposing surfaces of the cooling body and electrically connecting a smoothing capacitor to the semiconductor power conversion module attached to the cooling body,
A positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal are provided on both opposing surfaces of the capacitor, each surface of the capacitor provided with the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal, and a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode of a semiconductor power conversion module attached to each surface of the cooling body. The capacitor and the cooling body are juxtaposed so that the surfaces on which the terminals are provided are substantially at the same level, and the positive and negative terminals of the semiconductor power conversion module attached to each surface of the cooling body, and the A power conversion device , wherein a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal on each surface of a capacitor are electrically connected by a connection conductor for each surface of the cooling body and the capacitor, respectively .
前記コンデンサの両面に設けた正極端子および負極端子に、前記コンデンサ内部に配置された複数のコンデンサ素子の各極端子が、前記コンデンサの内部において同極同士で接続されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電力変換装置。 The positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal provided on both surfaces of the capacitor, each electrode terminal of a plurality of capacitor elements arranged inside the capacitor is connected to the same polarity inside the capacitor. The power converter according to 1.
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