JP5904584B2 - cushion - Google Patents
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- JP5904584B2 JP5904584B2 JP2012146757A JP2012146757A JP5904584B2 JP 5904584 B2 JP5904584 B2 JP 5904584B2 JP 2012146757 A JP2012146757 A JP 2012146757A JP 2012146757 A JP2012146757 A JP 2012146757A JP 5904584 B2 JP5904584 B2 JP 5904584B2
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- cushion
- frame
- main member
- cushion according
- buffer
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- 208000004210 Pressure Ulcer Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010011985 Decubitus ulcer Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 208000027744 congestion Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 210000004872 soft tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 208000017520 skin disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 210000001217 buttock Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000008765 Sciatica Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000309466 calf Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
- A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
- A61G7/05715—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with modular blocks, or inserts, with layers of different material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
- A47C27/22—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with both fibrous and foamed material inlays
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nursing (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
- Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
Description
本発明は、クッションに関する。さらに具体的には、うっ血・褥瘡などの皮膚障害の予防に優れた効果を有するクッションに関する。 The present invention relates to a cushion. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cushion having an excellent effect in preventing skin disorders such as congestion and pressure ulcers.
従来より、座布団、枕、車用のクッション等にはクッション性の高い、ソフトなクッションが使用されている。又、ベッドや車いす等の上で長時間同じ姿勢が維持された場合等に生じる褥瘡の予防に使用するためのクッションが開示されている(例えば、特許文献1、特許文献2参照)。 Conventionally, soft cushions with high cushioning properties have been used for cushions, pillows, and car cushions. In addition, cushions are disclosed for use in preventing pressure ulcers that occur when the same posture is maintained for a long time on a bed, a wheelchair, or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
しかし、上記の従来の座布団、枕、車用のクッション等の各種クッションは、構成が複雑で製造に費用もかかる一方で、圧力の分散や大臀筋や皮膚への負荷の軽減の観点からは十分ではなかった。 However, the above-mentioned conventional cushions, pillows, and cushions for cars, etc. are complicated in construction and costly to manufacture, but from the viewpoint of pressure distribution and reduction of the load on the greater gluteal muscle and skin. It was not enough.
そこで、本発明は、過重の分散がより良好であり、皮膚への負荷もより軽減することが可能で、うっ血・褥瘡などの皮膚障害の予防に特に優れた効果を発揮するクッションを提供することを目的とする。さらに、従来よりも容易な方法で製造が可能で、取り扱いが容易で応用性の広いクッションを提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention provides a cushion that exhibits a particularly excellent effect in the prevention of skin disorders such as congestion and pressure ulcers, in which the dispersion of overload is better, the load on the skin can be further reduced. With the goal. It is another object of the present invention to provide a cushion that can be manufactured by an easier method than before, is easy to handle, and has wide applicability.
前記目的を達成するため、本発明のクッションは、
枠体と、
枠体の枠内に設けられた柔軟性を有する主部材と、
主部材の両側部から枠体に至るまで、それぞれ複数並べて配置された緩衝部材からなり、
主部材は、上から過重を受け下方向へ圧縮されると、少なくとも両側部へ押し広がる変形性を有し、
各緩衝部材は、主部材の圧縮による変形を受けると、緩衝部材の各々が枠体へ向けて移動可能であり、枠体が外側へ向けて変形可能となっていることからなる。
In order to achieve the above object, the cushion of the present invention comprises:
A frame,
A flexible main member provided in the frame of the frame,
From the both sides of the main member to the frame body, each consisting of a plurality of cushioning members arranged side by side,
The main member has a deformability that spreads at least to both sides when compressed in the downward direction under heavy load from above,
When each buffer member receives deformation due to compression of the main member, each buffer member can move toward the frame, and the frame can be deformed outward.
また、少なくとも一つの緩衝部材が四角柱状であり、主部材から枠体へ向けて傾斜していることが好適である。
また、少なくとも一つの緩衝部材の断面が平行四辺形の形状を有する四角柱からなることが好適である。
また、主部材が三角柱,四角柱又は五角柱からなることが好適である。
また、主部材の断面が台形又は三角形の形状を有していることが好適である。
また、主部材の断面が三角形である場合、当該三角形の底辺を有する面を上面とし、底辺と対向する頂点を有する辺が下向きに設けられていることが好適である。
また、主部材の断面が台形である場合、当該台形の上底又は下底のうち長さが長い辺を有する面を上面とし、長さが短い辺を有する面を下面として設けられていることが好適である。
また、クッションの各部材がタテ繊維配合構造による柔軟部材により構成されていることが好適である。
また、少なくとも1つの緩衝部材の少なくとも一方の側面に、伸縮布が設けられていることが好適である。
また、枠体,主部材,各々の緩衝部材はそれぞれ別個独立しており、各々取り外し又は交換が可能であることが好適である。
また、枠体,主部材,各々の緩衝部材が、連結部材により連結されていることが好適である。
また、連結部材が面ファスナーであることが好適である。
また、クッションがうっ血予防又は褥瘡予防クッションであることが好適である。
Further, it is preferable that at least one buffer member has a quadrangular prism shape and is inclined from the main member toward the frame.
In addition, it is preferable that the cross section of at least one buffer member is a quadrangular prism having a parallelogram shape.
The main member is preferably composed of a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, or a pentagonal prism.
Moreover, it is preferable that the cross section of the main member has a trapezoidal shape or a triangular shape.
In addition, when the cross section of the main member is a triangle, it is preferable that a surface having a base of the triangle is an upper surface and a side having a vertex facing the base is provided downward.
In addition, when the cross section of the main member is trapezoidal, a surface having a long side of the upper base or lower base of the trapezoid is used as an upper surface, and a surface having a short side is provided as a lower surface. Is preferred.
Further, it is preferable that each member of the cushion is constituted by a flexible member having a vertical fiber blending structure.
In addition, it is preferable that an elastic cloth is provided on at least one side surface of the at least one buffer member.
Further, it is preferable that the frame body, the main member, and each buffer member are individually independent and can be removed or replaced.
Further, it is preferable that the frame body, the main member, and each buffer member are connected by a connecting member.
Moreover, it is suitable that a connection member is a hook-and-loop fastener.
It is also preferred that the cushion is a congestion prevention or pressure ulcer prevention cushion.
ヒトは、座ったとき、座骨又は仙骨周辺に鉛直方向(上下)の圧力がかかるだけでなく、大臀筋など筋組織や脂肪など、周辺の軟組織が圧縮される。このとき、圧縮された軟組織には、外側へ広がる力も生じる。一方、クッションは最も過重を受けた部分が沈み込む形となり、当該軟組織が接する部分は、軟組織が外側へ(特に左右へ)広がろうとする力と反対に、中心が沈んでいくために内側へ向けた力が発生する。このために、クッションと皮膚との間の剪断力(ずれ力)も大きくなり、うっ血又は褥瘡などの皮膚障害を発生させる原因となりうる。 When a person sits down, not only is the vertical (up and down) pressure applied to the periphery of the sciatica or sacrum, but also the surrounding soft tissues such as muscle tissue and fat such as the greater calf muscle are compressed. At this time, a force spreading outward is also generated in the compressed soft tissue. On the other hand, the cushion is shaped so that the part that receives the most weight sinks, and the part where the soft tissue comes into contact is inward because the center sinks contrary to the force that the soft tissue tries to spread outward (especially left and right). Force directed. For this reason, the shearing force (displacement force) between the cushion and the skin also increases, which may cause skin disorders such as congestion or pressure sores.
そこで、本発明者らは、従来は減圧の評価に重点が置かれてきたクッションに関して、素材変形,すなわち素材の3軸方向(x、y、z)への変形と、独立して移動可能な複数の素材を組み合わせて利用することで、従来のクッションに比して、臀部の接触面積を増加させ、ずれ力を軽減し、かつ過重の再分散を良好に行うことが出来ることを発見し、うっ血予防又は褥瘡予防効果の高いクッションを開発することができたものである。
したがって、本発明においては、座った際に座骨又は仙骨周辺にあたり、過重を受ける位置(重心)に配置されることとなる主部材が、過重を受け上下に圧縮されると、左右及び縦に広がる形で変形し(3軸変形性)、そして、この広がりによって生まれる力が、主部材の左右から枠体に至るまで複数配置される緩衝部材に伝播し、これら緩衝部材が枠体へ向けて倒れるように又は押し広げられるように移動する結果として、枠体自体も左右へ押し広がる(主部材の3軸変形性により縦方向にも若干押し広がる)構成を有していることに重要な特徴がある。このとき、大臀筋など臀部の重心周囲の軟組織の少なくとも一部は、少なくとも一つの緩衝部材に対して過重をかけており、軟組織の外側へ(特に左右へ)の広がりと一緒に、緩衝部材も一緒に外側へ向けて広がる形となり、皮膚にかかるずれ力を軽減しつつ、圧力分散を行うことができるものである。
Therefore, the present inventors can move independently of the material deformation, that is, the deformation of the material in three axial directions (x, y, z) with respect to the cushion that has been focused on the evaluation of pressure reduction. By using multiple materials in combination, we found that compared to conventional cushions, we can increase the contact area of the buttocks, reduce the displacement force, and redistribute excessively well. It has been possible to develop a cushion that is highly effective in preventing congestion and pressure ulcers.
Therefore, in the present invention, when the main member hits the periphery of the sciatic bone or the sacrum when sitting down and is placed at a position (center of gravity) that receives the excessive weight, when the main member receives the excessive weight and is compressed up and down, it spreads horizontally and vertically. The shape is deformed (triaxial deformability), and the force generated by this spread propagates to a plurality of buffer members arranged from the left and right of the main member to the frame, and these buffer members fall toward the frame. As a result of moving so as to be pushed or spread, an important feature is that the frame itself also has a configuration that spreads to the left and right (slightly spreads in the vertical direction due to the triaxial deformability of the main member). is there. At this time, at least a part of the soft tissue around the center of gravity of the buttocks, such as the greater gluteal muscle, overloads the at least one buffer member, and the buffer member spreads outward (particularly to the left and right) of the soft tissue. Together, the shape spreads outward, and the pressure can be distributed while reducing the displacement force applied to the skin.
このような構成を採用すると、皮膚への接触面積が広がり単位面積あたりの負荷を軽減すると同時に、圧力の特に左右への拡散がより大きくなり、うっ血や褥瘡予防効果の高いクッションを提供することができる。 By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to provide a cushion that is highly effective in preventing congestion and pressure ulcers while spreading the contact area to the skin and reducing the load per unit area, and at the same time, spreading the pressure especially to the left and right. it can.
なお、本願においては、上下,左右,縦方向の語が使用されるが、これはクッションを通常の平らな地に置いたときに、上下は鉛直線(Z軸)に対応し、左右は横方向(X軸)及び主部材から緩衝部材の配置方向(横方向)に対応し、縦方向(Y軸)は横方向(X軸)及びZ軸と直角な方向に対応し、X−Y平面はクッションの座平面に対応する。 In this application, the terms up / down, left / right, and vertical are used. When the cushion is placed on a normal flat ground, the top / bottom corresponds to the vertical line (Z axis) and the left / right is horizontal. Corresponding to the direction (X axis) and the direction from the main member to the buffer member arrangement direction (lateral direction), the vertical direction (Y axis) corresponds to the horizontal direction (X axis) and the direction perpendicular to the Z axis, and the XY plane. Corresponds to the seating plane of the cushion.
本発明の各部材は、上記目的を達成する限り、どのような形状であっても構わない。しかし、主部材は、三角柱または断面が台形の四角柱であって、下に向けて幅が狭まるように配置されると、過重を受けて左右への広がりを大きくするという目的の達成と、隣に配置される緩衝部材を枠体へ向けて移動させていくという目的の達成が同時に可能になるので特に好適である。 Each member of the present invention may have any shape as long as the above object is achieved. However, if the main member is a triangular prism or a quadrangular prism with a cross-section and is arranged so that its width narrows downward, it achieves the purpose of increasing the lateral extension due to overload, and adjacent to it. This is particularly preferable because the object of moving the buffer member disposed on the frame toward the frame can be achieved at the same time.
緩衝部材は、主部材の左右側面から複数設けられ、主部材の左右への広がりを受けて、ドミノ倒しのように枠体へ倒れ込むように、それぞれ四角柱として設けられることが好ましい。左右に設けられる緩衝部材の数は、枠体の形状や大きさ、素材などにより適宜設定されるものであるが、左右それぞれ3個以上、さらに好ましくは5個程度設けられると良い。また、断面が平行四辺形の四角柱として構成すれば、座面も底面も平面を維持することが出来、かつ枠体へ向けて倒れ込みやすいので好適である。台形など他の形状であっても、座面の平面性をできるだけ維持しつつ、緩衝部材が外枠へ向けて倒れるように移動する構成が好ましい。なお、枠体へ接する緩衝部材は、結果として四角柱でなく三角柱となる場合がある。枠体は、これら主部材と緩衝部材を受け入れる枠形状であれば、特に限定されるものではない。ただし、平面視(上から見て)で正方形または長方形であれば、後述の実施例のように製造が容易であり好適である。なお、本発明において主部材の縦方向にも緩衝部材を配置することを排する趣旨ではない。緩衝部材もまた柔軟部材により形成されるため、外側へ移動する際には、力を最も受けた部分が最も多く移動し、平面視では屈曲して見える。 It is preferable that a plurality of buffer members are provided from the left and right side surfaces of the main member, and that each of the buffer members is provided as a quadrangular column so as to receive the spread of the main member from side to side and fall into the frame body like a domino. The number of cushioning members provided on the left and right is appropriately set according to the shape, size, material, etc. of the frame, but it is preferable to provide three or more, more preferably about five on each of the left and right. Further, if the cross section is configured as a quadrangular prism having a parallelogram, it is preferable because both the seating surface and the bottom surface can be maintained flat and can easily fall down toward the frame. Even in other shapes such as a trapezoid, a configuration in which the cushioning member moves so as to fall toward the outer frame while maintaining the flatness of the seating surface as much as possible is preferable. Note that the buffer member in contact with the frame may be a triangular prism instead of a quadrangular prism as a result. The frame body is not particularly limited as long as it has a frame shape that receives the main member and the buffer member. However, a square or rectangular shape in plan view (viewed from above) is preferable because it is easy to manufacture as in the examples described later. In addition, in this invention, it is not the meaning which excludes arrange | positioning a buffer member also to the vertical direction of a main member. Since the buffer member is also formed of a flexible member, when moving outward, the portion that received the most force moves the most and appears to be bent in plan view.
本発明のクッションは3軸変形性を有する柔軟部材であれば、例えばウレタン素材やスポンジ素材などの各種クッション用素材を素材として使用可能であるが、厚み方向に配向されるタテ繊維配向の構造性を有する素材であればより好適であり、特に帝人ファイバー株式会社よりV−lap(登録商標)として販売されている素材が最適である。この素材は、繊維を厚み方向(タテ方向)に均一に配列した構造と、機能性の高い原綿を組み合わせた不織布であり、圧力分散性が高く、又、従来の不織布よりも通気性が高く屈曲性にも優れているものである。 As long as the cushion of the present invention is a flexible member having triaxial deformability, for example, various cushion materials such as a urethane material and a sponge material can be used as a material. In particular, a material sold as V-lap (registered trademark) by Teijin Fibers Limited is most suitable. This material is a non-woven fabric that combines a structure in which fibers are uniformly arranged in the thickness direction (vertical direction) and raw cotton with high functionality, and has high pressure dispersibility and is more flexible and flexible than conventional non-woven fabrics. It is also excellent in properties.
枠体,主部材,緩衝部材に全て同じ材料を使用することで、座った際の材質の一体感を感じることができ、また一枚のシートから切り抜き及び裁断などにより作り上げることが可能である。また減圧、左右の圧力拡散に優れたよりソフトなクッションを作るのに最適である。また、それぞれの部材に別々の材料を使用するよりも、材料調達の手間もその材料にかかる費用もかからないので好適である。 By using the same material for the frame, the main member, and the cushioning member, it is possible to feel a sense of unity when sitting, and it is possible to make up by cutting and cutting from a single sheet. It is also ideal for making softer cushions with superior pressure reduction and right and left pressure diffusion. In addition, it is preferable to use a separate material for each member because the labor for material procurement and the cost for the material are not required.
体重、臀部の大きさや重心の位置、座り方などは個人差も大きいため、最適な主部材及び緩衝部材の大きさや、緩衝部材の数などは、個人によって異なりうるが、本発明のこの構成によれば、オーダーメードすることが簡単なので、うっ血や褥瘡予防の必要性が高い者にとってはより効果が高いものである。 Since the individual body weight, the size of the buttocks, the position of the center of gravity, the way of sitting, etc. vary greatly among individuals, the optimal size of the main member and the buffer member, the number of the buffer members, etc. may vary depending on the individual, but this configuration of the present invention. According to the report, it is easy to customize, and it is more effective for those who need to prevent congestion and pressure ulcers.
少なくとも1つの緩衝部材の少なくとも一方の側面に、緩衝部材同士で接するよりも摩擦を軽減する伸縮布(摩擦係数の小さい伸縮布)が設けられていることが好適である。互いを滑りやすくし、移動及び圧力拡散を大きく生じさせるためである。摩擦係数の小さい伸縮布は、ポリエステル生地など各種公知の生地を使用することができ、ホットメルト等公知の手段で接着することが出来る。 It is preferable that at least one side surface of the at least one buffer member is provided with an elastic fabric (an elastic fabric having a small friction coefficient) that reduces friction compared to the contact between the buffer members. This is to make each other slippery and to cause large movement and pressure diffusion. As the stretchable fabric having a small friction coefficient, various known fabrics such as polyester fabric can be used, and can be bonded by a known means such as hot melt.
各部材は、上記の目的を達成する限り、一体的に形成(例えば、底面が繋がっているなど)しても良いが、枠体,主部材,各々の緩衝部材はそれぞれ別個独立しており、各々取り外し又は交換が可能であることが好適である。圧力がかかりやすいため破損した部材や,汚れた部材のみを交換することが出来るからである。この場合、例えば枠体に近い場所(端部近く)で面ファスナーを使用して互いの部材を連結すると、クッションを持ち上げても各部材の落下を防ぎ、ある程度密着性を高めつつ力の伝播を維持することができるので好適である。ただし、底に平らな底面部材を設けたり、伸縮性・通気性・撥水性・防水性などを有するカバー内に収納するなど、他の手段を排除する趣旨ではない。 Each member may be integrally formed (for example, the bottom surface is connected, etc.) as long as the above-described purpose is achieved. However, the frame body, the main member, and each buffer member are independent of each other. It is preferred that each can be removed or replaced. This is because it is easy to apply pressure so that only damaged or dirty members can be replaced. In this case, for example, if the members are connected to each other using a hook-and-loop fastener near the frame (near the edge), even if the cushion is lifted, the members are prevented from falling and the force is propagated while improving the adhesion to some extent. This is preferable because it can be maintained. However, this is not intended to exclude other means, such as providing a flat bottom member on the bottom, or storing it in a cover having stretchability, breathability, water repellency, waterproofness, and the like.
本発明の以上の構成により、過重の分散がより良好であり、皮膚への負荷をより軽減することが可能で、うっ血・褥瘡などの皮膚障害の予防に特に優れた効果を発揮することができる。さらに、従来よりも容易な方法で製造が可能で、取り扱いの応用性の広いクッションを提供することができる。 With the above configuration of the present invention, the dispersion of overload is better, the load on the skin can be further reduced, and a particularly excellent effect can be exhibited in the prevention of skin disorders such as congestion and pressure ulcers. . Furthermore, it is possible to provide a cushion that can be manufactured by an easier method than before and has a wide handling applicability.
以下に本発明の実験の形態の一例を示す。
図1は、本発明のクッション1を示す図である。枠体2の内側中央に三角柱状の主部材4が配置され、その三角柱状の主部材4の左右に、平行四辺形の断面を有する複数の四角柱状の緩衝部材5が左右に5片ずつ配置されている。主部材4から最も離隔し、枠体2に接する緩衝部材3は三角柱状をしている(図3参照)。一般的な成人が対象であれば、図1の主部材4及び緩衝部材5の幅は数センチ〜30センチ程度であり、主部材4の幅は緩衝部材5より広く構成される。
本発明のクッション1は、もとは一枚のシートからなっているが、同じ素材のシート又は異なる素材のシート複数層重ねて圧縮・加熱して結果的に一枚のシートとしても良い。当該実施例での素材は、V−lap(商標登録)を使用している。
An example of the form of the experiment of the present invention is shown below.
FIG. 1 is a view showing a cushion 1 of the present invention. A triangular prism main member 4 is arranged in the center of the inside of the frame 2, and a plurality of quadrangular columnar buffer members 5 having a parallelogram cross section are arranged on the left and right sides of the triangular prism main member 4. Has been. The buffer member 3 that is farthest from the main member 4 and is in contact with the frame 2 has a triangular prism shape (see FIG. 3). If a general adult is a subject, the width of the main member 4 and the buffer member 5 in FIG. 1 is about several centimeters to 30 cm, and the width of the main member 4 is configured wider than the buffer member 5.
Although the cushion 1 of the present invention is originally composed of a single sheet, a plurality of layers of sheets of the same material or different materials may be stacked and compressed and heated to result in a single sheet. V-lap (trademark registration) is used as the material in this embodiment.
図2は、本発明のクッション1の枠体2を示す図である。
枠体2は、例えば一枚のシート状の柔軟部材からくり抜くことで製造可能である。くり抜く方法は、刃物で切断したり、打ち抜くなど、公知の様々な方法を使用可能である。
FIG. 2 is a view showing the frame 2 of the cushion 1 of the present invention.
The frame body 2 can be manufactured, for example, by cutting out from a single sheet-like flexible member. As the hollowing-out method, various known methods such as cutting with a blade or punching can be used.
図3は裁断された主部材4と緩衝部材3,5を示す図であり、上述したくり抜いたシート状の柔軟部材を裁断することで形成することができる。
すなわち、くり抜いたシート状の柔軟部材が、三角柱状の主部材4と、三角柱状の緩衝部材3と、両者の間に配置される、平行四辺形の断面を有する複数の四角柱状の緩衝部材5に裁断された状態を示している。
FIG. 3 is a view showing the cut main member 4 and the buffer members 3 and 5, and can be formed by cutting the cut sheet-like flexible member described above.
In other words, the hollow sheet-like flexible member includes a triangular prism-shaped main member 4, a triangular prism-shaped buffer member 3, and a plurality of quadrangular prism-shaped buffer members 5 having a parallelogram cross section disposed therebetween. Shows the state of being cut.
図4は図3の方向から見て左半分の緩衝部材を示す図である(右半分は左半分と対称であるため省略した)。その各々の部材3、4、5の片面には摩擦係数の小さい伸縮布6が接着されており、枠体2に近い端部近辺に各々一対の面ファスナー7が粘着されている。したがって、内側の中央の三角柱状の主部材4、複数の四角柱状の緩衝部材5、枠体2の内側の左右に接するように配置された三角柱状の緩衝部材3が互いに接着して枠体2に収納する場合、接着した状態のまま各々の部材3、4、5を分離せず収納でき、かつ収納して持ち上げた場合でも落下しない。なお、面ファスナー7などの連結部材が存在しない場合は、カバーを設けたり、底に支持用の平面部材を設けるなどして対応が可能である。 FIG. 4 is a view showing the left half cushioning member as viewed from the direction of FIG. 3 (the right half is omitted because it is symmetrical with the left half). A stretchable cloth 6 having a small coefficient of friction is bonded to one side of each of the members 3, 4, and 5, and a pair of hook-and-loop fasteners 7 are adhered to the vicinity of the ends close to the frame 2. Accordingly, the inner triangular triangular main member 4, the plurality of square columnar buffer members 5, and the triangular columnar buffer members 3 arranged so as to contact the left and right sides of the inner side of the frame 2 are bonded to each other to form the frame 2. In the case of storing in a separate state, the members 3, 4, and 5 can be stored without being separated, and they will not fall even when stored and lifted. In the case where there is no connecting member such as the hook-and-loop fastener 7, a cover can be provided, or a support flat member can be provided on the bottom.
主部材4は、中央に配置されているため、ヒトが座った時に最も過重を受ける。そして、過重を受けた主部材4は圧縮され、外側へ向けて広がる。その広がりの力をうけて、複数の四角柱状の緩衝部材5及び3が、枠体へ向けて倒れ込むように広がり、最終的に枠体2も左右(及び縦)に広がる。この時、緩衝部材5の断面が平行四辺形であることにより、左右へ移動しやすい一方で、座面の平面性は相当程度維持され、座り心地に悪影響を与えにくい。また、大臀筋など臀部の重心周囲の軟組織の一部が、左右の緩衝部材5のいくつかに対して過重がかかっている。そして、軟組織の外側へ(特に左右へ)の広がりと一緒に、緩衝部材5も一緒に外側へ向けて広がる形となり、皮膚にかかるずれ力を軽減しつつ、圧力分散を行うことができる。 Since the main member 4 is disposed at the center, the main member 4 receives the most weight when the person sits down. And the main member 4 which received overload is compressed and spreads toward the outer side. Under the force of the spread, the plurality of square pillar-shaped buffer members 5 and 3 spread so as to fall down toward the frame, and finally the frame 2 also spreads left and right (and vertically). At this time, because the cross section of the buffer member 5 is a parallelogram, it is easy to move to the left and right, while the flatness of the seating surface is maintained to a considerable extent, and the seating comfort is hardly adversely affected. In addition, a part of the soft tissue around the center of gravity of the buttocks such as the greater gluteal muscle is overloaded with respect to some of the right and left buffer members 5. Then, along with the spread of the soft tissue to the outside (particularly to the left and right), the buffer member 5 also spreads outward together, and pressure distribution can be performed while reducing the displacement force applied to the skin.
図5は本発明のクッション不使用時の座面圧力を示すデータ図であり、図6は本発明のクッション使用時の座面圧力を示すデータ図である。図5と図6とを比較すると、本発明の使用時には明らかに圧力の分散及び負担の軽減が行われていることがわかる。具体的には、この被験者体重は85kgで、車いす座位時の接触圧をマッピング装置で測定した結果、最大圧はクッション使用時で110mmHg,不使用時で200mmHgであった。また、SD(標準偏差)はクッション使用時で約19mmHg,不使用時で約36mmHgであった。 FIG. 5 is a data diagram showing a seating surface pressure when the cushion of the present invention is not used, and FIG. 6 is a data diagram showing a seating surface pressure when the cushion of the present invention is used. Comparing FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, it can be seen that the pressure is clearly distributed and the burden is reduced when the present invention is used. Specifically, the body weight of this test subject was 85 kg, and the contact pressure in the wheelchair sitting position was measured with a mapping device. As a result, the maximum pressure was 110 mmHg when the cushion was used, and 200 mmHg when the cushion was not used. SD (standard deviation) was about 19 mmHg when the cushion was used, and about 36 mmHg when the cushion was not used.
このように、本発明の以上の構成によれば、軽量で通気性も良く、三軸変形可能で圧力拡散性が高く、皮膚への負担を軽減し、うっ血・褥瘡などの皮膚障害の予防に最適なクッションを提供することが出来る。さらに、各部材は組み合わせて使用されるため、各部材を一部入れ替えることも可能であり、体重の偏りや体表面形状に応じたオーダーメードのクッションを製造することも容易となる。 Thus, according to the above configuration of the present invention, it is lightweight, has good air permeability, is triaxially deformable and has high pressure diffusibility, reduces the burden on the skin, and prevents skin disorders such as congestion and pressure ulcers. An optimal cushion can be provided. Furthermore, since each member is used in combination, it is possible to partially replace each member, and it becomes easy to produce a custom-made cushion according to the weight deviation and body surface shape.
1 クッション
2 枠体
3 緩衝部材
4 主部材
5 緩衝部材
6 伸縮布
7 面ファスナー
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cushion 2 Frame 3 Buffer member 4 Main member 5 Buffer member 6 Elastic cloth 7 Surface fastener
Claims (12)
枠体の枠内に設けられた柔軟性を有する主部材と、
主部材の両側部から枠体に至るまで、それぞれ複数並べて配置された緩衝部材とからなり、
主部材は、上から過重を受け下方向へ圧縮されると、少なくとも両側部へ押し広がる変形性を有し、
各緩衝部材は、主部材の圧縮による変形を受けると、緩衝部材の各々が枠体へ向けて移動可能であり、枠体が外側へ向けて変形可能となっており、
少なくとも一つの緩衝部材が、上部が下部に対して枠体側となるように主部材から枠体へ向けて傾斜していることを特徴とするクッション。 A frame,
A flexible main member provided in the frame of the frame,
From the both sides of the main member to the frame body, each consisting of a plurality of buffer members arranged side by side,
The main member has a deformability that spreads at least to both sides when compressed in the downward direction under heavy load from above,
When each buffer member is subjected to deformation due to compression of the main member, each of the buffer members is movable toward the frame, and the frame is deformable toward the outside.
A cushion characterized in that at least one buffer member is inclined from the main member toward the frame so that the upper part is on the frame side with respect to the lower part .
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JP2012146757A JP5904584B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | cushion |
PCT/JP2013/061852 WO2014002593A1 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2013-04-23 | Cushion |
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JP2012146757A JP5904584B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | cushion |
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JP5904584B2 true JP5904584B2 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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JPS6275745U (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-05-15 | ||
JPS631523U (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1988-01-07 | ||
JPS6322920U (en) * | 1986-07-29 | 1988-02-15 | ||
JP2004016244A (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-01-22 | San Chem Kk | Mattress core |
JP2005230134A (en) * | 2004-02-18 | 2005-09-02 | Medeikomu Toy:Kk | Cushion |
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