JP5881115B2 - Pile - Google Patents

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JP5881115B2
JP5881115B2 JP2012226912A JP2012226912A JP5881115B2 JP 5881115 B2 JP5881115 B2 JP 5881115B2 JP 2012226912 A JP2012226912 A JP 2012226912A JP 2012226912 A JP2012226912 A JP 2012226912A JP 5881115 B2 JP5881115 B2 JP 5881115B2
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pile
tubular body
piece
receiving portion
axial direction
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JP2014077323A (en
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窪田　信康
信康 窪田
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北陸建工株式会社
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Description

本発明は、構造物の基礎として用いられる杭に関する。   The present invention relates to a pile used as a foundation of a structure.

近年、エネルギー政策等の見直しにより、メガソーラの計画または建設が増加している。メガソーラを設置するには、広大な土地が必要であるところ、旧炭鉱等の傾斜地における建設も計画されている。   In recent years, the planning or construction of mega solar has increased due to the review of energy policy. In order to install a mega solar, vast land is required, and construction on sloping land such as the old coal mine is also planned.

メガソーラの架台は、一般的にコンクリート基礎に固定される。しかしながら、傾斜地等の平坦でない場所においては、コンクリート基礎を形成することは困難であり、手間やコストも掛かるという問題があった。   Megasolar platforms are generally fixed to concrete foundations. However, it is difficult to form a concrete foundation in an uneven place such as an inclined land, and there is a problem that it takes time and cost.

ここで、基礎としては、コンクリート基礎の代わりに杭を用いることも考えられる。例えば、特許文献１には、太陽電池アレイの架台用基礎構造であって、先端にかえしを有する矢じり部を設けた杭を所定の深さまで地中に打ち込み、該杭の後部に、該杭の径より大きい径の支持部を設けて該支持部を埋設し、この支持部に前記架台を保持する支柱を設けたものが開示されている。   Here, as a foundation, it is also conceivable to use a pile instead of a concrete foundation. For example, in Patent Document 1, a pile base structure for a solar cell array, in which a pile provided with a barbed portion at its tip is driven into the ground to a predetermined depth, There is disclosed a structure in which a support portion having a diameter larger than the diameter is provided, the support portion is embedded, and a support for holding the gantry is provided on the support portion.

しかしながら、上記架台用基礎構造は、支持力に懸念があり、メガソーラ等の大規模な構造物を設置する場には、杭や支持部の径を大きくしたり、杭を打ち込む深さを深くしたりする必要がある。   However, there is concern about the support capacity of the above-mentioned foundation structure for the mount, and in places where large-scale structures such as mega solar are installed, the diameter of the pile or support part is increased, or the depth of driving the pile is increased. It is necessary to do.

特開平５−３３３５JP-A-5-3335

本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたものであり、傾斜地であっても容易かつ短時間に施工することができ、しかも優れた支持力と引抜抵抗力を有する杭を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and can provide a pile that can be applied easily and in a short time even on an inclined land, and has excellent supporting force and pulling resistance. Objective.

本発明の杭は、管状に形成された金属製の管体と、管体の下端から上方に向って設けられる複数のスリットと、スリット間に位置する拡開片と、拡開片に設けられ、管体内において管体の軸方向に向って突出する金属製の受け部と、を備えることを特徴とする。   The pile of the present invention is provided in a tubular metal tube body, a plurality of slits provided upward from the lower end of the tube body, a spread piece positioned between the slits, and the spread piece. And a metal receiving portion projecting in the axial direction of the tubular body in the tubular body.

本発明の杭は、拡開片を拡開させるためのピンを管体の上端から管体内に挿入し、そのピンを下方に向って押し込むと、受け部がピンに押され、拡開片が外側に向って拡開する。   In the pile of the present invention, when a pin for expanding the expanded piece is inserted into the tubular body from the upper end of the tubular body and the pin is pushed downward, the receiving portion is pushed by the pin, and the expanded piece is Expands outward.

ここで、受け部は、管体の下端から下方に向って延出し、かつ、受け部の下部が拡開片の内側から管体の軸方向に向って下方に傾斜しているものであってもよい。   Here, the receiving portion extends downward from the lower end of the tubular body, and the lower portion of the receiving portion is inclined downward from the inner side of the expanding piece toward the axial direction of the tubular body. Also good.

また、受け部は、その上部が、拡開片の内側から管体の軸方向に向って下方に傾斜しているものであってもよい。   Further, the upper portion of the receiving portion may be inclined downward from the inside of the expanding piece toward the axial direction of the tubular body.

また、受け部は、板状とし、その両面を管体の軸方向に対して略平行となるようにしてもよい。   Further, the receiving portion may be plate-shaped and both surfaces thereof may be substantially parallel to the axial direction of the tubular body.

本発明の杭は、地中において拡開片が拡開するので、非常に優れた支持力および引抜抵抗力を有する。そのため、杭に固定された構造物が安定的に支持される。また、比較的に大きな支持力や引抜抵抗力が必要とされる場合であっても、杭を地中に深く打ち込んだり、管体の径を大径化したりする必要もない。   Since the spread piece expands in the ground, the pile of the present invention has a very excellent supporting force and pulling resistance. Therefore, the structure fixed to the pile is stably supported. Further, even when a relatively large support force or pulling resistance force is required, it is not necessary to drive the pile deep into the ground or to increase the diameter of the tube.

また、本発明の杭は、設置が容易であり、さまざまな地形に設置することができる。そのため、本発明の杭を用いれば、コンクリート基礎を形成することが困難な傾斜した地形や凹凸がある地形であっても、容易かつ短時間に基礎を形成することができる。   Moreover, the pile of this invention is easy to install and can be installed on various terrain. Therefore, if the pile of the present invention is used, the foundation can be formed easily and in a short time even if the terrain has sloping terrain or unevenness that makes it difficult to form the concrete foundation.

また、本発明の杭は、ピンを管体に挿入し、受け部をピンで押し込むことにより拡開片を拡開させるので、地中において拡開片を確実に拡開させることができる。   Moreover, since the pile of this invention expands an expansion piece by inserting a pin in a tubular body and pushing a receiving part with a pin, it can expand an expansion piece reliably in the ground.

また、本発明の杭は、杭を地中に打ち込んだ後、受け部の下部を管体の下端から下方（外側）に向って延出し、かつ、傾斜させることにより、杭の貫入抵抗を低減させることができる。   In addition, the pile of the present invention reduces the penetration resistance of the pile by driving the pile into the ground and then extending and tilting the lower part of the receiving part downward (outside) from the lower end of the tubular body. Can be made.

また、本発明の杭は、受け部の上部の傾斜角度を変更することにより、拡開片の拡開角度を調整することができる。これにより、杭の支持力や引抜抵抗力を調整することができる。   Moreover, the pile of this invention can adjust the spreading angle of a spreading piece by changing the inclination angle of the upper part of a receiving part. Thereby, the support force and pulling-out resistance of a pile can be adjusted.

本発明の杭を示す図であり、(ａ)は正面図、（ｂ）は底面図および（ｃ）は縦断面図を表す。It is a figure which shows the pile of this invention, (a) is a front view, (b) is a bottom view, (c) represents a longitudinal cross-sectional view. 本発明の杭を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the pile of this invention. 本発明の受け部の接続状況を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the connection condition of the receiving part of this invention. 本発明の杭の他の実施形態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows other embodiment of the pile of this invention. 本発明の杭の使用方法を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the usage method of the pile of this invention. 本発明の杭の使用状況を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the use condition of the pile of this invention.

以下、本発明の杭について説明する。図１〜図３は、本発明の杭の一実施形態を示す図である。本発明の杭は、管状に形成された金属製の管体１１と、管体１１の下端から上方に向って設けられる複数のスリット１２と、スリット１２間に位置する拡開片１３とを、備えている。また、拡開片１３には、管の軸方向に向って突出する受け部１４が設けられている。
そして、杭は、拡開片１３を拡開させるためのピン２１を管体１１の上端から管体内に挿入し、そのピン２１を下方に向って押し込むと、受け部１４がピン２１に押され、拡開片１３が外側に向って拡開する（図５参照）。
なお、杭の各構成の説明において、下方とは、地中に打ち込まれる側を指し、上方とは、空中側を指すものとする。 Hereinafter, the pile of the present invention will be described. 1-3 is a figure which shows one Embodiment of the pile of this invention. The pile of the present invention includes a tubular metal tube 11 formed in a tubular shape, a plurality of slits 12 provided upward from the lower end of the tube 11, and an expanded piece 13 positioned between the slits 12. I have. Further, the expanding piece 13 is provided with a receiving portion 14 that protrudes in the axial direction of the tube.
And when the pin 21 for expanding the expansion piece 13 is inserted into the pipe body from the upper end of the pipe body 11 and the pin 21 is pushed downward, the pile 14 is pushed by the pin 21. The expanding piece 13 expands outward (see FIG. 5).
In addition, in description of each structure of a pile, the downward refers to the side driven into the ground, and the upward refers to the air side.

管体１１は、鋼製であって、中空の管状に形成されている。管体１１の断面形状は、特に限定されるものではないが、略円形とすれば、後述する拡開片１３を効率よく拡開させることができる。管体１１の上端は、開口したものであってもよいし、構造物設置用の平板３１を取り付けたものであってもよい。   The tubular body 11 is made of steel and is formed in a hollow tubular shape. The cross-sectional shape of the tube body 11 is not particularly limited, but if it is substantially circular, the expanding piece 13 described later can be efficiently expanded. The upper end of the tube body 11 may be opened or may be provided with a flat plate 31 for installing a structure.

スリット１２は、管体１１の下端から上方に向って設けられる。また、スリット１２は複数設けられる。スリット１２の数は拡開片１３の数に対応する。   The slit 12 is provided upward from the lower end of the tubular body 11. A plurality of slits 12 are provided. The number of slits 12 corresponds to the number of spread pieces 13.

拡開片１３は、管体１１へのスリット１２の形成に伴い形成される部分であり、スリット１２間に位置する。拡開片１３の枚数は、特に限定されるものではないが、杭の引抜抵抗力等の観点から３〜６枚とすることが好ましい。また、拡開片１３は、管体１１の外径または内径が大きいものほど、枚数を多くすることが好ましい。   The spread piece 13 is a part formed along with the formation of the slit 12 in the tubular body 11, and is located between the slits 12. The number of the spread pieces 13 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 to 6 from the viewpoint of the pulling resistance of the pile. Moreover, it is preferable that the number of the expanded pieces 13 is increased as the outer diameter or inner diameter of the tube body 11 is larger.

受け部１４は、鋼製であって、かつ、拡開片１３に設けられるものであって、管体内において管体１１の軸方向に向って突出する。また、受け部１４は、管体１１の下端から下方（外側）に向って延出している。ここで、受け部１４の突出は、例えば、管体１１の軸を超えない範囲において突出させる。なお、受け部１４は、少なくとも１以上の拡開片１３に設けるものであればよい。
受け部１４のうち、その下方に位置する下部１６は、管体１１の内面から管体１１の軸方向に向って下方に傾斜している。その傾斜角度αは、５〜７０°の範囲であることが好ましく、さらには１０〜６０°の範囲であることが好ましい。
このように受け部１４が管体１１の下端から下方（外側）に向って延出し、かつ、受け部１４の下部１６を傾斜させることにより、杭の貫入抵抗を低減させることができる。 The receiving portion 14 is made of steel and provided on the spread piece 13 and protrudes in the axial direction of the tubular body 11 in the tubular body. Further, the receiving portion 14 extends downward (outside) from the lower end of the tube body 11. Here, protrusion of the receiving part 14 is made to protrude in the range which does not exceed the axis | shaft of the tubular body 11, for example. In addition, the receiving part 14 should just be provided in the at least 1 or more expansion piece 13. FIG.
A lower portion 16 located below the receiving portion 14 is inclined downward from the inner surface of the tube body 11 toward the axial direction of the tube body 11. The inclination angle α is preferably in the range of 5 to 70 °, and more preferably in the range of 10 to 60 °.
Thus, the penetration resistance of the pile can be reduced by extending the receiving portion 14 downward (outside) from the lower end of the tube body 11 and inclining the lower portion 16 of the receiving portion 14.

受け部１４のうち、その上方に位置する上部１５は、下部１６と同様に、管体１１の内面から管体１１の軸方向に向って下方に傾斜している。その傾斜角度βは、５〜９０°の範囲とすることが好ましい。上部１５の傾斜角度βが大きいものほど、拡開片１３を拡開させる際に、拡開角度が大きくなる。なお、上部１５は、傾斜しないもの（β＝９０°）であってもよい。
このように受け部１４の上部１５を傾斜させると、管体内にピン２１を挿入して拡開片１３を拡開させる際に、スムーズに拡開片１３を拡開させることができる。また、受け部１４の上部１５の傾斜角度を変更することにより、拡開片１３の拡開角度を調整することができる。 The upper portion 15 located above the receiving portion 14 is inclined downward from the inner surface of the tubular body 11 toward the axial direction of the tubular body 11, similarly to the lower portion 16. The inclination angle β is preferably in the range of 5 to 90 °. As the inclination angle β of the upper portion 15 is larger, the spread angle becomes larger when the spread piece 13 is spread. Note that the upper portion 15 may not be inclined (β = 90 °).
When the upper portion 15 of the receiving portion 14 is inclined as described above, the expanding piece 13 can be smoothly expanded when the pin 21 is inserted into the tube and the expanding piece 13 is expanded. Moreover, the expansion angle of the expansion piece 13 can be adjusted by changing the inclination angle of the upper part 15 of the receiving part 14.

受け部１４は、一の実施形態として、板状であって、上部１５（上面）と下部１６（下面）を上記のように傾斜させたものとすることができる。この場合、受け部１４は、その板の両面を管体１１の軸方向と略平行になるようにし、かつ、拡開片１３の内側の幅方向中央部から管体１１の軸方向に向って突出させる。   As one embodiment, the receiving portion 14 has a plate shape, and the upper portion 15 (upper surface) and the lower portion 16 (lower surface) can be inclined as described above. In this case, the receiving portion 14 has both sides of the plate substantially parallel to the axial direction of the tubular body 11, and is directed from the center in the width direction inside the expanding piece 13 toward the axial direction of the tubular body 11. Make it protrude.

受け部１４と管体１１との接続については、例えば、図３に示すように、拡開片１３に受け部１４を差し込むための切り込み１７を設ける。そして、受け部１４の一部が管体１１の外側に突出するように受け部１４を切り込み１７に差し込み、受け部１４を管体１１に溶接する。
なお、受け部１４は、図４に示すように、受け部１４の一部を管体１１の外側に突出させずに、拡開片１３の内側に直接接続してもよい。 As for the connection between the receiving portion 14 and the tube body 11, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a notch 17 for inserting the receiving portion 14 into the spread piece 13 is provided. Then, the receiving portion 14 is inserted into the notch 17 so that a part of the receiving portion 14 protrudes outside the tubular body 11, and the receiving portion 14 is welded to the tubular body 11.
As shown in FIG. 4, the receiving portion 14 may be directly connected to the inside of the expanding piece 13 without protruding a part of the receiving portion 14 to the outside of the tubular body 11.

ピン２１は、棒状であって、管体内に挿入可能な断面形状を有しており、金属により形成されている。ここで、ピン２１の下部１６を先細りの形状とすると、ピン２１を管体１１に挿入した場合に、ピン２１が各受け部１４に当接しやすくなり、拡開片１３を拡開させやすくなる。   The pin 21 is rod-shaped, has a cross-sectional shape that can be inserted into the tube, and is made of metal. Here, when the lower portion 16 of the pin 21 is tapered, when the pin 21 is inserted into the tube body 11, the pin 21 easily comes into contact with each receiving portion 14, and the spread piece 13 is easily spread. .

本発明の杭は、例えば、太陽光パネル等の架台、柵または仮設住宅の基礎として用いることができる。
図５および図６は、本発明の杭の使用方法および使用状況を示す。
本発明の杭の使用方法は、まず、杭の下方を地中に向けて、重機等を用いて杭を地中の所定の深さまで打ち込んでいく（図５（ａ）参照）。
杭の打ち込みが完了した後、管体１１の上端からピン２１を管体内に挿入し、重機等を用いてピン２１を管体１１の下方に押し込んでいく（図５（ｂ）参照）。
ピン２１の押し込みに伴い、拡開片１３の受け部１４がピン２１に押され、拡開片１３が外側に向って拡開する（図５（ｃ）参照）。
拡開片１３が拡開仕切ったところでピン２１を管体１１から引き抜くことにより、杭の打ち込みが完了する。
そして、打ち込んだ杭に架台等の構造物４１を従来の固定手段により固定する。固定は、図６に示すように、例えば、管体１１の上端に構造物設置用の平板３１等を設けて、その平板３１等に架台等の構造物４１を固定する。 The pile of the present invention can be used, for example, as a base for a solar panel or the like, a fence, or a temporary housing.
FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show the usage method and usage situation of the pile of the present invention.
In the method of using the pile of the present invention, first, the lower part of the pile is directed to the ground, and the pile is driven to a predetermined depth in the ground using a heavy machine or the like (see FIG. 5A).
After the driving of the pile is completed, the pin 21 is inserted into the tubular body from the upper end of the tubular body 11, and the pin 21 is pushed down the tubular body 11 using a heavy machine or the like (see FIG. 5B).
As the pin 21 is pushed in, the receiving portion 14 of the spreading piece 13 is pushed by the pin 21, and the spreading piece 13 spreads outward (see FIG. 5C).
By driving the pin 21 out of the tubular body 11 when the expanded piece 13 has been expanded, the driving of the pile is completed.
And the structure 41, such as a mount, is fixed to the pile piled in by the conventional fixing means. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a structure installation flat plate 31 or the like is provided at the upper end of the tube body 11, and a structure 41 such as a gantry is fixed to the flat plate 31 or the like.

本発明の杭は、地中において拡開片１３が拡開するので、非常に優れた支持力および引抜抵抗力を有する。そのため、杭に固定された構造物は安定的に支持される。また、比較的に大きな支持力や引抜抵抗力が必要とされる場合であっても、杭を地中に深く打ち込んだり、管体１１の径を大径化したりする必要もない。   Since the spread piece 13 expands in the ground, the pile of the present invention has a very excellent support force and pulling resistance. Therefore, the structure fixed to the pile is stably supported. Further, even when a relatively large support force or pulling resistance force is required, it is not necessary to drive the pile deep into the ground or to increase the diameter of the tube body 11.

また、本発明の杭は、設置が容易であり、さまざまな地形に設置することができる。そのため、本発明の杭を用いれば、コンクリート基礎を形成することが困難な傾斜した地形や凹凸がある地形であっても、容易かつ短時間に基礎を形成することができる。   Moreover, the pile of this invention is easy to install and can be installed on various terrain. Therefore, if the pile of the present invention is used, the foundation can be formed easily and in a short time even if the terrain has sloping terrain or unevenness that makes it difficult to form the concrete foundation.

また、本発明の杭は、杭を地中に打ち込んだ後、ピン２１を管体１１に挿入し、受け部１４をピン２１で押し込むことにより拡開片１３を拡開させるので、地中において拡開片１３を確実に拡開させることができる。   Moreover, since the pile of this invention expands the expansion piece 13 by inserting the pin 21 in the tubular body 11 and pushing the receiving part 14 with the pin 21 after driving the pile into the ground, The spread piece 13 can be reliably expanded.

また、受け部１４の上部１５の傾斜角度を変更することにより、拡開片１３の拡開角度を調整することができる。これにより、杭の支持力や引抜抵抗力を調整することができる。   Moreover, the expansion angle of the expansion piece 13 can be adjusted by changing the inclination angle of the upper part 15 of the receiving part 14. Thereby, the support force and pulling-out resistance of a pile can be adjusted.

１１ 管体
１２ スリット
１３ 拡開片
１４ 受け部
１５ 上部
１６ 下部
１７ 切り込み
２１ ピン


DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Tubing body 12 Slit 13 Expanded piece 14 Receiving part 15 Upper part 16 Lower part 17 Cut 21 Pin


Claims (3)

管状に形成された金属製の管体と、
前記管体の下端から上方に向って設けられる複数のスリットと、
前記スリット間に位置する拡開片と、
前記拡開片に設けられ、前記管体内において前記管体の軸方向に向って突出する金属製の受け部と、を備え、
前記受け部は、前記拡開片に設けられる切れ目に差し込まれ、前記管体の外側にも突出し、
前記受け部は、前記管体の下端から下方に向って延出し、かつ、受け部の下部が拡開片の内側から管体の軸方向に向って下方に傾斜していることを特徴とする杭。 A metal tube formed in a tubular shape;
A plurality of slits provided upward from the lower end of the tubular body;
An expanded piece located between the slits;
A metal receiving portion provided on the spread piece and projecting in the axial direction of the tubular body in the tubular body,
The receiving part is inserted into a cut provided in the spread piece, and protrudes also to the outside of the tubular body ,
The receiving portion extends downward from the lower end of the tubular body, and a lower portion of the receiving portion is inclined downward from the inside of the expanding piece toward the axial direction of the tubular body. Pile. 前記受け部は、その上部が、拡開片の内側から管体の軸方向に向って下方に傾斜していることを特徴とする請求項１記載の杭。 The receiving unit, the upper, piles of claim 1, wherein the inclined downward toward the inside of the expansion tabs in the axial direction of the tubular body. 前記受け部は、板状であり、その両面が管体の軸方向に対して略平行となっていることを特徴とする請求項１または２記載の杭。 The pile according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the receiving portion has a plate shape, and both surfaces thereof are substantially parallel to the axial direction of the tubular body.
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