JP5873497B2 - ナノ多孔質材料、その製造方法及びその応用 - Google Patents
ナノ多孔質材料、その製造方法及びその応用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5873497B2 JP5873497B2 JP2013528758A JP2013528758A JP5873497B2 JP 5873497 B2 JP5873497 B2 JP 5873497B2 JP 2013528758 A JP2013528758 A JP 2013528758A JP 2013528758 A JP2013528758 A JP 2013528758A JP 5873497 B2 JP5873497 B2 JP 5873497B2
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Description
PS−PBD: ポリスチレン−ポリブタジエン
PS−PI: ポリスチレン−ポリイソプレン
PS−PBD: ポリスチレン−ポリブタジエン
PS−PEO: ポリスチレン−ポリ(エチレンオキシド)
PPS−PI−PPS: ポリ(4−ビニルフェニル−ジメチル−2−プロポキシシラン)−b−ポリイソプレン−b−ポリ(4−ビニルフェニル−ジメチル−2−ポロポキシシラン)
PtBA−PCEMA:ポリ(tブチルアクリレート)−b−ポリ(2−シンナモイルエチル メタクリレート)
PS−PMMA: ポリスチレン−b−ポリ(メチル メタクリレート)
PS−PLA:ポリスチレン−ポリラクチド
PI−PLA: ポリイソプレン−ポリラクチド
PCHE−PLA:ポリシクロヘキシルエチレン−ポリラクチド
PαMS−PHOST: poly(α−メチルスチレン)−b−ポリ(4−ヒドロキシスチレン)
PS−PFMA:ポリスチレン−b−ポリ(パーフルオロオクチルエチル メタクリレート)
PI−PCEMA−PtBA:ポリイソプレン−b−ポリ(2−シンナモイルエチル メタクリレート)−b−ポリ(tブチルアクリレート)
PS−PVP:ポリスチレン−b−ポリ−4−ビニルピリジン
P(PMDSS)−PI−P(PMDSS):ポリ(ペンタメチルジシリルスチレン)−b−ポリイソプレン−b−ポリ(ペンタメチルジシリルスチレン)
PS−PDMS: ポリスチレン−ポリジメチルシロキサン、を含む。
ジブロックコポリマーA−ブロック−Bはそれ自体A及びBとの間の境界面積を最小化することが好ましい(エネルギー的理由)。図2で示される例では、Aの円筒形が形成され、これはBのマトリクスで囲まれる。
この実施例では、前記純粋なブロックコポリマーはFPMMAとして0.28を持つ。これは、PS−b−PMMAについての形態相図の円筒形状領域である。従って、図19に示される実施例では、前記ラメラ構造が見られない。FPMMAをPMMAホモポリマー(31k)を添加することで変化させた。図20、21及び22の順に示されるように、前記ラメラ構造は、FPMMAが適切なレベルに減少するに従い明確に形成される。従って、前記好ましい構造は、FPMMAが約0.20の場合に明確に利用可能となる。
Claims (23)
- ナノ多孔質材料の製造方法であり、前記方法は次のステップ:
連続マトリクス内に分離された島の3次元配列を含む形態を形成し、
前記島が、ブロックコポリマーの少なくとも1つの島成分から形成され、及び前記マトリクスが前記ブロックコポリマーの少なくとも1つのマトリクス成分から形成され;
溶媒が前記マトリクスを通って拡散し、前記島成分は、前記溶媒中で優先的溶解度を有し、それにより前記島内の浸透圧を増加させ;及び
前記少なくともいくつかの島の間の前記マトリクス内に、前記島内で増加する浸透圧により、孔の形態のチャンネルを形成し、及び前記島成分を除去して相互接続されたポアの配列を持つ前記マトリクスを残す、ことを含む方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であり、前記島が実質的に等軸性である、方法。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の方法であり、前記島が、平均直径が少なくとも5nmを持つ、方法。
- 請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、前記島の3次元配列が実質的に規則配列である、方法。
- 請求項4に記載の方法であり、隣接する島間の規則的な最小空間が存在し、及び前記島の平均直径をdとする場合に、前記隣接する島間の最小規則的空間が少なくとも1.5dである、方法。
- 請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、前記ブロックコポリマーの島成分内のモノマー単位の数分率が少なくとも8%である、方法。
- 請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、前記ブロックコポリマーの島成分内のモノマー単位の数分率が多くとも20%である、方法。
- 請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、連続マトリクス内の分離された島の3次元配列を形成するために使用される組成物が、前記ジブロックコポリマーへ添加される1以上のホモポリマーを含む、方法。
- 請求項8に記載の方法であり、前記ホモポリマー添加剤が、前記形態のマトリクス成分について使用される同じモノマー単位から形成されるか、又は前記マトリクス成分と混合可能な材料である、方法。
- 請求項8又は9に記載の方法であり、前記ホモポリマー添加剤が、前記形態の島成分について使用される同じモノマー単位から形成されるか、又は前記島成分と混合可能な材料である、方法。
- 請求項8乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、前記マトリクスと一体化されるホモポリマーのモノマー単位の数分率と、前記マトリクス成分のモノマー単位の数分率の和が80%以上である、方法。
- 請求項8乃至11のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、前記島と一体化されるホモポリマーのモノマー単位の数分率と、前記島成分のモノマー単位の数分率の和が10%以上である、方法。
- 請求項1乃至12のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、前記島形態が熱処理により生成される、方法。
- 請求項1乃至13のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、前記マトリクスがクロスリンクにより処理される、方法。
- 請求項14に記載の方法であり、前記島が、前記マトリクスに適用されるクロスリンク処理に応じて分解する、方法。
- 請求項15に記載の方法であり、前記分解された島が洗浄液を用いて除去される、方法。
- 請求項16に記載の方法であり、前記マトリクス成分がPSを含み、前記島成分がPMMAを含み、及び前記洗浄液が酢酸を含む、方法。
- 請求項14乃至17のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、前記材料が、前記マトリクスのクロスリンクの際に、ガス状酸化剤の対象とされ、前記ガス状酸化剤が前記島成分を分解する効果を持つ、方法。
- 請求項18に記載の方法であり、前記ガス状酸化剤がオゾンであり、前記オゾンが、前記マトリクスをクロスリンクするために使用されるUV照射と酸素ガスとの相互作用により形成される、方法。
- 請求項18に記載の方法であり、前記ガス状酸化剤が、オゾン(即ちO3)、硫黄(S 3)、塩素及びフッ素から選択される、方法。
- 請求項1乃至20のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、前記ナノ多孔質材料が複数のラメラを持ち、それぞれのラメラはそれを貫通するポアの配列を持ち、隣接するラメラは空間層の介在により空間的に離され、
前記空間層は、隣接するラメラと共に一体となって形成され隣接するラメラ間に伸びる空間要素の配列を含み、前記空間層が前記空間層内に伸びる相互接続される多孔性を持つ、方法。 - ナノ多孔質媒体を製造するためのプロセスであり、前記プロセスは、次のステップ、
請求項1乃至21のいずれか一項に記載の方法を用いて形成したナノ多孔質材料から形成されるテンプレート内に第2の材料を導入するステップ、
これにより前記テンプレートナノ多孔質材料の多孔性を少なくとも部分的に充填するステップ、及び
次に前記テンプレートナノ多孔質材料を少なくとも部分的に除去して前記ナノ多孔質媒体、又は前記第2の材料から少なくとも部分的に形成されるその前駆体を残すステップ、
を含む、プロセス。 - 請求項22に記載のプロセスであり、前記テンプレートナノ多孔質材料が熱処理で除去される、プロセス。
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US9352513B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 |
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