JP5864048B2 - Railcar ceiling structure - Google Patents

Railcar ceiling structure Download PDF

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JP5864048B2
JP5864048B2 JP2011243173A JP2011243173A JP5864048B2 JP 5864048 B2 JP5864048 B2 JP 5864048B2 JP 2011243173 A JP2011243173 A JP 2011243173A JP 2011243173 A JP2011243173 A JP 2011243173A JP 5864048 B2 JP5864048 B2 JP 5864048B2
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plate
ceiling
aluminum
vehicle
air
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JP2013095397A (en
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恵 吉岡
恵 吉岡
貴彦 矢代
貴彦 矢代
信明 西川
信明 西川
克治 大塚
克治 大塚
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Yokohama Seiki Co Ltd
East Japan Railway Co
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Yokohama Seiki Co Ltd
East Japan Railway Co
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

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  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

本発明は、鉄道車両の天井構造に関するものであり、特に、清掃性、保守性、リサイクル性の向上を図った天井構造に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a ceiling structure of a railway vehicle, and particularly relates to a ceiling structure that is improved in cleanability, maintainability, and recyclability.

従来、鉄道車両の天井部を、ガラス繊維強化プラスチック（ＦＲＰ）等の樹脂により一体成型してユニット構造とした天井構造が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   Conventionally, there has been proposed a ceiling structure in which a ceiling portion of a railway vehicle is integrally molded with a resin such as glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) to form a unit structure (for example, see Patent Document 1).

ここで、特許文献１には、天井の一部を取り外し可能なようにＦＲＰ樹脂にて一体ユニット化し、当該ユニット化された天井部を下方より嵌め込み可能に構成した天井構造が開示されている。   Here, Patent Document 1 discloses a ceiling structure in which a part of the ceiling is formed as an integral unit using FRP resin so that the ceiling can be fitted from below.

特許第４０７１２７０号公報Japanese Patent No. 4071270

しかしながら、上記特許文献１に開示された先行技術では、ユニット構造の天井部を部分的に取り外し可能とするものの、天井内の清掃や保守点検の際には、かかる取り外し可能な天井ユニットを吊り降ろして取り外す必要が生じていた。   However, in the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1, although the ceiling portion of the unit structure can be partially removed, the removable ceiling unit is suspended during cleaning or maintenance inspection in the ceiling. Had to be removed.

具体的には、上記ユニット構造の天井部は、断熱性能や剛性を確保するために、ＦＲＰ樹脂による成形厚を比較的厚く（厚さ２〜３．５ｍｍ）形成する必要があり、ユニット重量が増大（約４０ｋｇ）して作業者の負担が増大する上に、天井ユニットの取り外し作業に当たっては、蛍光管、蛍光灯具、アンテナ線、横流ファン、吊り手棒といった天井部に取り付けられた付帯設備を事前に取り外す必要が生じ、清掃時の作業工数の増大や作業性の低下といった問題が生じていた。さらに、結露防止のためには、発砲ポリエチレン等から形成されたシート状の断熱材を風道部に貼り付ける必要があるため、付帯的な工数が増大すると共にかかる断熱材に塵埃が付着し易くなり、空調吹き出し口から埃等が吹き出すといった問題が生じていた。そして、このような問題を未然に回避するためにも風道内の清掃頻度は増大する傾向にあり、かかる清掃の度に上記天井ユニットを取り外すことは作業性を著しく損ねていた。   Specifically, the ceiling part of the unit structure needs to be formed with a relatively thick molding thickness of FRP resin (thickness 2 to 3.5 mm) in order to ensure heat insulation performance and rigidity, and the unit weight is In addition to increasing the burden on the operator (about 40 kg), the overhead unit such as fluorescent tubes, fluorescent lamps, antenna wires, cross-flow fans, and suspension bars are attached to the ceiling unit when removing the ceiling unit. There was a need to remove in advance, and problems such as an increase in the number of work steps during cleaning and a decrease in workability occurred. Furthermore, in order to prevent dew condensation, it is necessary to affix a sheet-like heat insulating material formed from foamed polyethylene or the like to the airway portion, which increases the number of incidental man-hours and easily attaches dust to such heat insulating material. Thus, there has been a problem that dust and the like are blown out from the air-conditioning outlet. And in order to avoid such a problem beforehand, the cleaning frequency in the airway tends to increase, and detaching the ceiling unit every time such cleaning cleans the workability remarkably.

加えて、上記天井ユニットは、ＦＲＰ等の強化樹脂にて一体成型されるため、比較的高価な成型用の型が必要となりコストアップするといった問題や、かかるＦＲＰ樹脂自体が、近年の社会的な要請であるリサイクル性に劣る（リサイクルが困難）といった問題も生じていた。   In addition, since the ceiling unit is integrally molded with a reinforced resin such as FRP, a relatively expensive mold for molding is required and the cost is increased. There was also a problem that the required recyclability was poor (recycling was difficult).

そこで、本発明は、上述のような従来技術の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、清掃性やリサイクル性の向上を図ると共に、軽量化やコストダウンを可能とする鉄道車両の天井構造を簡易な構成で安価に提供することを目的とする。   Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and has an improved railcar ceiling structure that can be improved in cleanability and recyclability, and can be reduced in weight and cost. The purpose is to provide a simple configuration at low cost.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係る鉄道車両の天井構造は、車両客室と車両屋根との間に天井部を形成した鉄道車両の天井構造であって、前記天井部は、車両長手方向に渡って、分割された複数の天井ユニットとしてアルミ板にて形成されており、各天井ユニットは、幅方向略中央部に形成されてその内部に送風機を収容する中央収容部と、この中央収容部の幅方向両端部に形成されて空調用空気の流路を形成する風道部とを有し、前記両端の各風道部の底板は、前記車両客室の天井面を形成していると共に、開閉可能な点検蓋として形成されており、かつ、当該点検蓋のそれぞれは、隣接する中央収容部の側板の下端部まで延長され、当該側板に回転可能に支持されていることを特徴とするものである。   In order to achieve the above object, a railcar ceiling structure according to the present invention is a railcar ceiling structure in which a ceiling portion is formed between a vehicle cabin and a vehicle roof, and the ceiling portion is in the vehicle longitudinal direction. The ceiling unit is formed of an aluminum plate as a plurality of divided ceiling units, and each ceiling unit is formed in a substantially central part in the width direction, and a central accommodating part that accommodates a blower therein, and the central accommodating part An air passage portion that is formed at both ends in the width direction of the portion to form a flow path for air conditioning air, and the bottom plates of the air passage portions at both ends form the ceiling surface of the vehicle cabin. The inspection lid is formed as an openable / closable inspection lid, and each of the inspection lids extends to the lower end portion of the side plate of the adjacent central housing portion and is rotatably supported by the side plate. Is.

このように構成した場合には、天井ユニットを取り外すことなく、清掃等の保守作業が簡易な構成で容易に可能となると共に、点検蓋を風道部の側板に取り付ける構成に比し、当該点検蓋を均一の大きさに形成することができ、部品の標準化によるコストダウンや車両天井面の美観の向上に寄与することができる。また、点検蓋を開放した際に、風道部と中央収容部との間の空間から、風道部側板の結露の確認や、風漏れのチェック、清掃等が可能となる。加えて、リサイクル性の悪いＦＲＰ樹脂に替えて、加工性の良いアルミ板を用いることにより、ヒンジ部の形成支持を容易に可能とすると共に、リサイクル性の向上やコストダウンが可能となる。   In such a configuration, maintenance work such as cleaning can be easily performed with a simple configuration without removing the ceiling unit, and the inspection is performed in comparison with the configuration in which the inspection lid is attached to the side plate of the air passage. The lid can be formed in a uniform size, which can contribute to cost reduction by standardization of parts and improvement in the appearance of the vehicle ceiling surface. In addition, when the inspection lid is opened, it is possible to confirm dew condensation on the airway side plate, check for air leakage, and clean from the space between the airway part and the central housing part. In addition, by using an aluminum plate with good workability instead of FRP resin with poor recyclability, it is possible to easily form and support the hinge part, and to improve recyclability and reduce costs.

また、前記風道部は、対向するアルミ板の間に板状の発泡性断熱材を介装した積層構造のアルミ積層板にて形成されていることが好ましい。   Moreover, it is preferable that the said airway part is formed with the aluminum laminated board of the laminated structure which interposed the plate-shaped foam heat insulating material between the aluminum plates which oppose.

このように構成した場合には、アルミ板を使用することによる断熱性能の低下を、介装された断熱板にて補うと共に、埃等が付着し易い発泡性断熱材がアルミ板の表面に露出することがないので、断熱材への埃等の付着を確実に防止して清掃性の向上に寄与することができる。   When configured in this way, the deterioration of the heat insulation performance due to the use of the aluminum plate is compensated by the interposed heat insulating plate, and the foaming heat insulating material to which dust or the like easily adheres is exposed on the surface of the aluminum plate. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent dust and the like from adhering to the heat insulating material, thereby contributing to improvement in cleanability.

さらに、前記中央収容部の底板は、前記車両客室の天井面を形成していると共に、車両客室内に送風を導く傾斜板を有する開閉可能な整風板として形成されており、前記点検蓋と前記整風板とは、前記中央収容部の共通の側板に回転可能に支持されていると共に、前記点検蓋の回転支点と前記整風板の回転支点とは、前記共通の側板を挟んで互いに反対側に配置形成されていることが好ましい。   Further, the bottom plate of the central housing portion forms a ceiling surface of the vehicle passenger compartment, and is formed as an openable / closable air conditioning plate having an inclined plate that guides air flow into the vehicle passenger compartment. The air conditioning plate is rotatably supported on a common side plate of the central housing portion, and the rotation fulcrum of the inspection lid and the rotation fulcrum of the air conditioning plate are on opposite sides of the common side plate. It is preferable that they are arranged.

このように構成した場合には、中央収容部を画成する側板を点検蓋及び整風板を回転可能に支持する支持部材として兼用することにより、部品点数の削減に伴う軽量化やコストダウンに寄与すると共に、軽量化のために薄肉化したアルミ側板に対して、回転支点を片側に配置する構成に比し、操作負荷による変形を経年的に抑制することができる。   When configured in this way, the side plate that defines the central housing portion is also used as a support member that rotatably supports the inspection lid and the air conditioning plate, thereby contributing to weight reduction and cost reduction associated with a reduction in the number of components. In addition, the deformation due to the operation load can be suppressed over time as compared with the configuration in which the rotation fulcrum is arranged on one side with respect to the aluminum side plate thinned for weight reduction.

以上において、前記発泡性断熱材は、炭酸カルシウムを主原料とする発泡性断熱材であることが好ましい。   In the above, the foamable heat insulating material is preferably a foamable heat insulating material mainly composed of calcium carbonate.

このように構成した場合には、良好な断熱性能及び強度を確保して結露の発生を防止すると共に、アルミ板の厚さを低減することが可能となり天井ユニットの大幅な重量軽減に寄与することができる。   When configured in this way, it is possible to ensure good heat insulation performance and strength to prevent the formation of condensation, and to reduce the thickness of the aluminum plate, contributing to a significant weight reduction of the ceiling unit. Can do.

さらに、前記アルミ積層板中のアルミ板の総厚さは、０．８〜１ｍｍであることが好ましい。   Furthermore, it is preferable that the total thickness of the aluminum plate in the said aluminum laminated plate is 0.8-1 mm.

このように構成した場合には、従来のＦＲＰ製の天井ユニットに比し、大幅な軽量化が可能となる。   When configured in this manner, the weight can be significantly reduced as compared with a conventional FRP ceiling unit.

本発明によれば、清掃性やリサイクル性の向上を図ると共に、軽量化やコストダウンを可能とする鉄道車両の天井構造を簡易な構成で安価に実現することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while improving cleaning property and recyclability, the ceiling structure of the railway vehicle which enables weight reduction and cost reduction is realizable by simple structure at low cost.

本実施の形態に係る鉄道車両の天井構造の概要を説明するための模式図である。It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the outline | summary of the ceiling structure of the railway vehicle which concerns on this Embodiment. 本実施の形態に係る鉄道車両の天井構造の構成を示す模式的斜視図である。It is a typical perspective view which shows the structure of the ceiling structure of the rail vehicle which concerns on this Embodiment. 本実施の形態に係る天井ユニットの配置構成を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the arrangement configuration of the ceiling unit which concerns on this Embodiment. 本実施の形態に係るアルミ積層板の概要を示す模式図であり、（ａ）はアルミ積層板の構成を示す模式図であり、（ｂ）はアルミ積層板、アルミ板それぞれの形成箇所を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the outline | summary of the aluminum laminated board which concerns on this Embodiment, (a) is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of an aluminum laminated board, (b) shows the formation location of each of an aluminum laminated board and an aluminum board. It is a schematic diagram. 本実施の形態に係る点検蓋の取り付け構造を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the attachment structure of the inspection cover which concerns on this Embodiment. 本実施の形態に係る整風板の取り付け構造を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the attachment structure of the air conditioning board which concerns on this Embodiment.

以下に、本発明に係る鉄道車両の天井構造の一実施形態について、図面を参照して説明する。ここで、図１は、本発明に係る鉄道車両の天井構造を説明するための模式図であり、図２は、天井構造を示す斜視図である。また、図３は、車両の長手方向に対して分割された天井ユニットの配置構成を示す模式図である。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of a ceiling structure for a railway vehicle according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is a schematic view for explaining a ceiling structure of a railway vehicle according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the ceiling structure. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement configuration of ceiling units divided in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

図１及び図２に示すように、本発明に係る鉄道車両の天井構造１は、車両屋根部ＴＲと車両客室ＣＲの上部（天井）ＣＣとの間の空間に形成されており、空調機からの空気流の流路（空調ダクト）を形成する風道部１０と、車両客室ＣＲ内の空気を撹拌する送風機等が設置されている中央収容部２０とを備えている。さらに、風道部１０の幅方向（車両長手方向と直交する方向）両端部には、灯具座ＳＣを介して不図示の側天井が連接して形成されている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a railcar ceiling structure 1 according to the present invention is formed in a space between a vehicle roof portion TR and an upper portion (ceiling) CC of a vehicle cabin CR, and is provided with an air conditioner. The air passage part 10 which forms the flow path (air-conditioning duct) of this, and the center accommodating part 20 in which the air blower etc. which stir the air in the vehicle passenger room CR are installed are provided. Furthermore, side ceilings (not shown) are connected to both ends of the airway portion 10 in the width direction (direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle) via a lamp seat SC.

また、本実施の形態において、上記空調機は、コンプレッサー、コンデンサー等の熱交換器を備え、車両屋根部ＴＲから突出するように設けられた不図示の空調機収容部内に設置されている。   In the present embodiment, the air conditioner includes a heat exchanger such as a compressor and a condenser, and is installed in an air conditioner housing (not shown) provided so as to protrude from the vehicle roof portion TR.

本実施の形態に係る風道部１０、中央収容部２０を構成する外装体（躯体）は、いずれも断面略方形状に形成されており、車両幅方向中央部に中央収容部２０が配設されていると共に、その両端に風道部１０が配設されている。   The exterior body (casing) constituting the airway portion 10 and the central housing portion 20 according to the present embodiment is formed in a substantially rectangular cross section, and the central housing portion 20 is disposed at the center in the vehicle width direction. In addition, air passage portions 10 are disposed at both ends thereof.

また、図３に模式的に示すように、天井部Ｕは、分割されたユニット構造（本例では、１車両当たり１２ユニットに分割）となっており、一部の天井ユニット（本例では、図中、ハッチングで示したユニット）Ｕ0には、開閉可能な点検蓋１０ｃや整風板２０ｃが設けられている。 As schematically shown in FIG. 3, the ceiling portion U has a divided unit structure (divided into 12 units per vehicle in this example), and some ceiling units (in this example, in the figure, the units) U 0 which is hatched, the openable inspection lid 10c and the air regulating plate 20c is provided.

そして、風道部１０内の清掃を行う際には、当該風道部１０を取り外すことなく、点検蓋１０ｃを開放するのみで上記風道部１０内の清掃を可能とすると共に、隣接する天井ユニット（点検蓋が設けられていない天井ユニット）Ｕ1については、点検蓋１０ｃにより開放された天井ユニットＵ0の開口部から清掃用ノズルを挿入して風道部１０内の清掃を行うようになっている。なお、点検蓋１０ｃを設ける天井ユニットＵ0は、適宜任意に選定することができるが、ユニットの簡素化やコストダウンといった観点からは、図３に模式的に示すように、１つ又は２つおきの天井ユニットごとに点検蓋１０ｃを設けることが好ましい。 When cleaning the air passage 10, the inside of the air passage 10 can be cleaned only by opening the inspection lid 10 c without removing the air passage 10, and the adjacent ceiling. As for the unit (ceiling unit not provided with the inspection lid) U 1 , the inside of the air passage unit 10 is cleaned by inserting a cleaning nozzle from the opening of the ceiling unit U 0 opened by the inspection lid 10c. It has become. The ceiling unit U 0 provided with the inspection lid 10c can be arbitrarily selected as appropriate. From the viewpoint of simplification of the unit and cost reduction, one or two ceiling units U 0 are schematically shown in FIG. It is preferable to provide the inspection lid 10c for every other ceiling unit.

以下、点検蓋１０ｃを設けた天井ユニットＵ0の構成について図面を参照してさらに説明する。ここで、図４（ａ）は、本発明に係るアルミ積層板の構成を示す模式図であり、（ｂ）は、アルミ積層板、アルミ板それぞれの形成箇所を示す模式図である。 Hereinafter, the configuration of the ceiling unit U 0 provided with the inspection lid 10c will be further described with reference to the drawings. Here, FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an aluminum laminated plate according to the present invention, and FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram showing formation locations of the aluminum laminated plate and the aluminum plate, respectively.

本実施の形態に係る天井ユニットＵ0は、リサイクル性の悪いＦＲＰ樹脂を用いることなく加工性の高いアルミ板にて天井ユニットＵの外装体（躯体）を形成しており、かつ、当該アルミ板の厚さを極力薄くすることを可能として、従来に比し、大幅な軽量化を実現している。 The ceiling unit U 0 according to the present embodiment forms an exterior body (casing) of the ceiling unit U with an aluminum plate having high processability without using an FRP resin having poor recyclability, and the aluminum plate It is possible to reduce the thickness of the as much as possible, realizing a significant weight reduction compared to the conventional.

上記中央収容部２０は、アルミ板にて断面略方形状に形成されており、その内部に車両客室ＣＲ内の空気を撹拌するための送風機（横流ファン）が設置されている。一方、中央収容部２０の下面には、車両客室ＣＲの天井面ＣＣを形成すると共に送風機からの送風を車両客室ＣＲ内に拡散させる整風板２０ｗが取り付けられている。   The central housing portion 20 is formed of an aluminum plate and has a substantially square cross section, and a blower (cross flow fan) for agitating the air in the vehicle cabin CR is installed therein. On the other hand, on the lower surface of the central housing portion 20, an air conditioning plate 20 w that forms the ceiling surface CC of the vehicle cabin CR and diffuses the air blower from the blower into the vehicle cabin CR is attached.

この整風板２０ｗは、図１に模式的に示すように、方形状の枠体の内部に複数の傾斜板２０ｂを配設したものであり、各傾斜板２０ｂの傾斜角は、送風機からの送風が車両客室ＣＲ内に行き渡るように設定されている。また、横流ファンの保守点検のために、一部の整風板２０ｗは、後述する点検蓋１０ｃと同様に、開閉可能な整風板２０ｃとして形成されている。   As schematically shown in FIG. 1, the air conditioning plate 20 w has a plurality of inclined plates 20 b arranged inside a rectangular frame, and the inclination angle of each inclined plate 20 b is determined by the air flow from the blower. Is set so as to reach the vehicle cabin CR. Further, for maintenance and inspection of the cross-flow fan, a part of the air conditioning plate 20w is formed as an air conditioning plate 20c that can be opened and closed in the same manner as the inspection lid 10c described later.

一方、上記風道部１０の外装体は、図４（ａ）に模式的に示すように、対向するアルミ板Ａｔ，Ａｃの間に、比較的剛性の高い硬質軽量発泡性断熱板（例えば、密度：１００ｋｇ／ｍ3以下、熱伝導率：０．０３７２Ｗ／ｍ・ｋ以下、曲げ強度：０．５Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上）Ｉｓを介装した積層板（以下、アルミ積層板とも称する）ＡＬにより形成されており、中央収容部２０とは独立した密閉構造となっている。この風道部１０は、車両屋根部ＴＲに設置された空調機からの空調用空気の流路を形成していると共に、風道部１０の下面には、開閉可能な点検蓋１０ｃが設けられている。 On the other hand, as shown schematically in FIG. 4 (a), the exterior body of the airway portion 10 is a relatively lightweight, rigid and lightweight foam heat insulating plate (for example, between the opposing aluminum plates At and Ac (for example, Density: 100 kg / m 3 or less, Thermal conductivity: 0.0372 W / m · k or less, Bending strength: 0.5 N / mm 2 or more) Is laminated laminate (hereinafter also referred to as aluminum laminate) AL It is formed and has a sealed structure independent of the central housing portion 20. The air passage portion 10 forms a flow path of air for air conditioning from an air conditioner installed on the vehicle roof portion TR, and an inspection lid 10c that can be opened and closed is provided on the lower surface of the air passage portion 10. ing.

具体的には、図４（ａ）に模式的に示すように、天井側アルミ板Ａｔ（本例では、厚さ０．４ｍｍ）及び客室側アルミ化粧板Ａｃ（本例では、厚さ０．６ｍｍ）の間に発泡性断熱板（本例では、厚さ６．０ｍｍのフジ化成工業株式会社製ロックセルボード、密度：９０ｋｇ／ｍ3、熱伝導率：０．０３７２Ｗ／ｍ・ｋ、曲げ強度：０．５１Ｎ／ｍｍ2）を貼り付けた積層構造となっており、従来のＦＲＰ（厚さ２〜３．５ｍｍ）に発泡ポリエチレン等の断熱材（厚さ５．０ｍｍ）を貼り付けた天井ユニットと略同等の断熱性能を実現すると共に、断熱材Ｉｓを芯材としたサンドイッチ構造を採用することによりアルミ積層板ＡＬの剛性を確保し、上下アルミ板Ａｔ，Ａｃの厚さの大幅な低減を可能（本例では、天井側アルミ板Ａｔと客室側アルミ板Ａｃとの総厚さで１．０ｍｍ）としている。 Specifically, as schematically shown in FIG. 4A, the ceiling side aluminum plate At (thickness 0.4 mm in this example) and the cabin side aluminum decorative plate Ac (thickness 0. 0 in this example). 6 mm), a foam heat insulating board (in this example, a lock cell board made by Fuji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. having a thickness of 6.0 mm, density: 90 kg / m 3 , thermal conductivity: 0.0372 W / m · k, bending (Strength: 0.51 N / mm 2 ) is pasted, and a heat insulating material (thickness: 5.0 mm) such as foamed polyethylene is pasted on a conventional FRP (thickness: 2-3.5 mm). In addition to realizing the heat insulation performance almost equivalent to the ceiling unit, the sandwich structure with the heat insulating material Is as the core material is adopted to secure the rigidity of the aluminum laminated plate AL, and the thickness of the upper and lower aluminum plates At and Ac is greatly increased. (In this example, the ceiling side aluminum plate At and the cabin side It is set to 1.0mm) with a total thickness of the actual plate Ac.

なお、より一層の軽量化を図るといった観点からは、客室側に面さない箇所では、下板Ａｃの厚さを上板（天井側アルミ板）Ａｔと同等な厚さ（本例では、厚さ０．４ｍｍ）としても差し支えない。   From the standpoint of further reducing the weight, the thickness of the lower plate Ac is equal to the thickness of the upper plate (ceiling side aluminum plate) At (in this example, the thickness) in a portion not facing the cabin side. 0.4 mm).

また、上記アルミ積層板ＡＬでは、硬質軽量断熱材Ｉｓとして炭酸カルシウム系発泡断熱材を介装したが、従来と同等な断熱性能及び剛性を確保できれば、介装する発泡性断熱材は、適宜選定することができる。硬質軽量発泡性断熱材としては、無機化合物系断熱材あるいは有機化合物系断熱材を用いることができる。例えば、炭酸カルシウム系発泡断熱材、ホウ珪酸シリカ系断熱材、硬質ウレタンフォーム、硬質ポリスチレンフォーム、ポリイミドフォーム、硬質ポリエチレンフォーム、架橋ポリエチレンフォーム、ガラスウール含有ハニカムコア等があるがこれに限られるものではない。   Moreover, in the said aluminum laminated board AL, although the calcium carbonate type | system | group foam heat insulating material was interposed as the hard lightweight heat insulating material Is, if the heat insulation performance and rigidity equivalent to the past can be ensured, the foaming heat insulating material to insert is selected suitably. can do. As the hard lightweight foaming heat insulating material, an inorganic compound heat insulating material or an organic compound heat insulating material can be used. For example, calcium carbonate foam insulation, borosilicate silica insulation, rigid urethane foam, rigid polystyrene foam, polyimide foam, rigid polyethylene foam, cross-linked polyethylene foam, glass wool-containing honeycomb core, etc. Absent.

さらに、上記アルミ積層板ＡＬの形成箇所としては、図４（ｂ）に模式的に示すように、少なくとも風道部１０の側板１０ｓ、底板（点検蓋）１０ｃを上記アルミ積層板ＡＬにて形成すると共に、天板１０ｔについては、製作容易性の観点から、中央収容部２０と共通の天板１０ｔとして、上記アルミ積層板ＡＬにて連続的に一体形成している。   Further, as the location where the aluminum laminate plate AL is formed, as shown schematically in FIG. 4B, at least the side plate 10s and the bottom plate (inspection lid) 10c of the air passage section 10 are formed by the aluminum laminate plate AL. At the same time, the top plate 10t is continuously formed integrally with the aluminum laminated plate AL as the top plate 10t common to the central housing portion 20 from the viewpoint of ease of manufacture.

なお、本実施の形態において、空調用空気の流路である上記風道部１０は、車両客室ＣＲ内全体に渡って空調が均一となるように、車両の長手方向端部に向かうに従い、その断面積が狭くなるように側板１０ｓの取付位置が変更調整されている。具体的には、車両端部に向かうに従い、中央収容部２０側の側板１０ｓが、車両幅方向端部に近づく（風道部１０内の側板１０ｓ同士の間隔が狭くなる）ように配設されている（図３参照）。   In the present embodiment, the air passage portion 10 that is the air-conditioning air flow path is arranged so that the air-conditioning is uniform throughout the vehicle cabin CR as it goes toward the longitudinal end of the vehicle. The mounting position of the side plate 10s is changed and adjusted so that the cross-sectional area becomes narrow. Specifically, the side plate 10s on the central housing portion 20 side is disposed so as to approach the vehicle width direction end (the interval between the side plates 10s in the air passage portion 10 becomes narrower) toward the vehicle end. (See FIG. 3).

一方、結露等が問題とならない中央収容部２０の側板２０ｓについては、厚さ１．２ｍｍの薄肉のアルミ板Ａlを略鉛直方向に立設して形成している。   On the other hand, the side plate 20s of the central housing portion 20 where condensation or the like is not a problem is formed by standing a thin aluminum plate Al having a thickness of 1.2 mm in a substantially vertical direction.

このように構成した本実施の形態に係る天井構造では、結露が問題となる風道部１０に、板状の発泡性断熱材Ｉｓを芯材として介装した積層構造のアルミ積層板ＡＬを用いることにより、従来の厚さ２〜３．５ｍｍのＦＲＰ製の天井ユニットと同等な断熱性能（熱伝導率：０．０３７２Ｗ／ｍ・ｋ以下）を確保して結露の発生を防止すると共に、断熱材Ｉｓがアルミ表面に露出することがないので、断熱材への塵埃等の付着を防止して清掃性、保守性の向上を図ることができる。また、芯材を介装した積層構造（サンドイッチ構造）のアルミ積層板ＡＬにて強度（剛性）を確保することにより、アルミ板自体の厚さを低減し、天井ユニットＵの大幅な軽量化（従来のＦＲＰ製の天井ユニットに比し、１０両編成の車両当たり、１〜１．５トンの軽量化）を可能としている。   In the ceiling structure according to the present embodiment configured as described above, an aluminum laminated plate AL having a laminated structure in which a plate-like foam heat insulating material Is is interposed as a core material is used in the air passage portion 10 where condensation is a problem. As a result, heat insulation performance (thermal conductivity: 0.0372 W / m · k or less) equivalent to that of a conventional FRP ceiling unit with a thickness of 2 to 3.5 mm is ensured to prevent the occurrence of condensation, and heat insulation. Since the material Is is not exposed on the aluminum surface, it is possible to prevent dust and the like from adhering to the heat insulating material and to improve the cleaning property and maintainability. In addition, by securing the strength (rigidity) with the aluminum laminated plate AL of the laminated structure (sandwich structure) interposing the core material, the thickness of the aluminum plate itself is reduced and the weight of the ceiling unit U is significantly reduced ( Compared with a conventional FRP ceiling unit, it is possible to reduce the weight by 1 to 1.5 tons per 10-car train.

本実施の形態において、上記点検蓋１０ｃは、図５に示すように、車両客室ＣＲの天井面ＣＣを形成すると共に、中央収容部２０の側面（側壁）を構成する側板２０ｓの下端部まで延長され、側板２０ｓにネジ止め固定されたＬ字状の支持金具２１の先端に設けられたヒンジ部（蝶番）２３を介して回転可能に取り付けられている。一方、点検蓋１０ｃの先端側（ヒンジ部２３と反対側）は、風道部１０内に設けた仕切板（多数の貫通孔が形成された風量調節用のアルミ板）１０ｗにネジ止め固定するようになっている。   In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the inspection lid 10 c forms the ceiling surface CC of the vehicle cabin CR and extends to the lower end of the side plate 20 s constituting the side surface (side wall) of the central housing portion 20. Then, it is rotatably attached via a hinge portion (hinge) 23 provided at the tip of an L-shaped support fitting 21 fixed with screws to the side plate 20s. On the other hand, the tip end side (opposite to the hinge portion 23) of the inspection lid 10c is screwed and fixed to a partition plate (aluminum plate for air volume adjustment in which a large number of through holes are formed) 10w provided in the air passage portion 10. It is like that.

このように点検蓋１０ｃを中央収容部２０まで延長して形成することにより、車両長手方向に沿って配設位置が異なる風道部１０の側板１０ｓに固定する構成に比し、点検蓋１０ｃを均一の大きさに形成することができ、部品の標準化によるコストダウン及び車両天井面の美観の向上に寄与することができる。   In this way, the inspection lid 10c is formed so as to extend to the central housing portion 20, so that the inspection lid 10c is fixed to the side plate 10s of the air passage portion 10 having a different arrangement position along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. It can be formed in a uniform size, which can contribute to cost reduction by standardization of parts and improvement of the appearance of the vehicle ceiling surface.

また、点検蓋１０ｃの開放時に、風道部１０内のみならず、風道部１０と中央収容部２０との間に形成された空間（デッドスペース）をも開放することができ、当該デッドスペースから、風道部側板１０ｓの結露の確認や、風漏れのチェック、清掃等が可能となる。   Further, when the inspection lid 10c is opened, not only the inside of the air passage portion 10 but also a space (dead space) formed between the air passage portion 10 and the central housing portion 20 can be opened. Therefore, it is possible to confirm the condensation on the airway side plate 10s, check for wind leakage, clean the air, etc.

一方、本実施の形態に係る開閉可能な整風板２０ｃは、図６に示すように、点検蓋１０ｃが取り付けられた側板１０ｓと共通の側板１０ｓに取り付けられている。なお、図６では、明瞭化のために、整風板２０ｃのみを取り付けた状態を示している。   On the other hand, the air conditioning plate 20c that can be opened and closed according to the present embodiment is attached to a side plate 10s that is common to the side plate 10s to which the inspection lid 10c is attached, as shown in FIG. In addition, in FIG. 6, the state which attached only the wind regulation board 20c is shown for clarification.

具体的には、上記整風板２０ｃは、中央収容部２０の側板２０ｓにＬ字状の支持金具２５をネジ止め固定し、かかるＬ字状の支持金具２５の水平部２５ｈを点検蓋１０ｃの外側（客室側）表面に延在させ、その先端にヒンジ部（蝶番）２７を設け、かかるヒンジ部２７を介して回転可能に取り付けられている。なお、上記整風板２０ｃのヒンジ部２７（支持金具２５）と、点検蓋１０ｃのヒンジ部２５（支持金具２３）とは、その取り付け位置を長手方向にずらして配設している。また、整風板２０ｃの反対側（ヒンジ部２７と反対側）は、中央収容部２０の他方（反対側）の側板２０ｓにネジ止め固定するようになっている。   Specifically, the air conditioning plate 20c has an L-shaped support bracket 25 fixed to the side plate 20s of the central housing portion 20 with screws, and the horizontal portion 25h of the L-shaped support bracket 25 is located outside the inspection lid 10c. (Guest room side) It is extended to the surface, and a hinge part (hinge) 27 is provided at the tip thereof, and is rotatably attached via the hinge part 27. The hinge portion 27 (support metal fitting 25) of the air conditioning plate 20c and the hinge portion 25 (support metal fitting 23) of the inspection lid 10c are arranged with their mounting positions shifted in the longitudinal direction. Further, the other side (opposite side of the hinge portion 27) of the air conditioning plate 20c is screwed and fixed to the other side plate 20s of the central housing portion 20 (opposite side).

従って、本実施の形態において、風道部１０を開口する点検蓋１０ｃのヒンジ部（回転支点）２３と、中央収容部２０を開口する整風板２０ｃのヒンジ部（回転支点）２７とは、中央収容部２０の側板２０ｓを挟んで互いに反対側に配設されることとなる。   Therefore, in the present embodiment, the hinge portion (rotation fulcrum) 23 of the inspection lid 10c that opens the air passage portion 10 and the hinge portion (rotation fulcrum) 27 of the air conditioning plate 20c that opens the central housing portion 20 are the center. It will be arrange | positioned on the opposite side on both sides of 20 s of side plates of the accommodating part 20. As shown in FIG.

すなわち、本実施の形態において、中央収容部２０の領域を区画形成する側板２０ｓは、点検蓋１０ｃ及び整風板２０ｃのそれぞれを回転可能に支持する共通の支持部材として形成されており、これにより、部品点数の削減に伴う小型軽量化やコストダウンに寄与している。また、上記ヒンジ部（回転支点）２３，２７を支持部材（側板）２０ｓを挟んで反対側に配置することにより、点検蓋１０ｃや整風板２０ｃを開閉操作する際の操作反力（負荷）を側板２０ｓの両側に分散させ、片側に配置した構成に比し、軽量化のために極力薄肉化したアルミ板Ａl（本例では、厚さ１．２ｍｍ）に対する変形を経年的に抑制することができる。   That is, in the present embodiment, the side plate 20s that partitions the region of the central housing portion 20 is formed as a common support member that rotatably supports each of the inspection lid 10c and the air conditioning plate 20c. This contributes to reduction in size and weight and cost reduction due to the reduction in the number of parts. Further, by arranging the hinge portions (rotation fulcrums) 23 and 27 on the opposite side across the support member (side plate) 20s, an operation reaction force (load) when opening and closing the inspection lid 10c and the air conditioning plate 20c is increased. As compared with the configuration in which the side plate 20s is dispersed on both sides and arranged on one side, the deformation of the aluminum plate Al (thickness 1.2 mm in this example) thinned as much as possible for weight reduction can be suppressed over time. it can.

以上、本発明に係る鉄道車両の天井構造によれば、清掃等の保守点検時において、付帯設備の取り外し作業や風道部の吊り降ろし作業を要することなく、内部の清掃を容易に行うことができるので、清掃等の保守作業の際の工数を大幅に低減して作業性を著しく向上させることができる。加えて、点検蓋１０ｃが中央収容部まで延長されて開放可能に構成されているので、点検蓋の標準化によるコストダウン及び車両天井面の美観の向上に寄与すると共に、風道部１０と中央収容部２０との間の空間から、風道部側板１０ｓの結露の確認や、風漏れのチェック、清掃等が可能となる。   As described above, according to the ceiling structure of a railway vehicle according to the present invention, it is possible to easily clean the inside without requiring the work of removing incidental equipment and the work of hanging down the airway during maintenance inspection such as cleaning. As a result, the number of man-hours required for maintenance work such as cleaning can be greatly reduced and workability can be significantly improved. In addition, since the inspection lid 10c is extended to the central accommodating portion and can be opened, it contributes to cost reduction by standardization of the inspection lid and improvement of the aesthetic appearance of the vehicle ceiling surface, and the air passage portion 10 and the central accommodating portion. Confirmation of dew condensation on the airway portion side plate 10s, air leakage check, cleaning, and the like are possible from the space between the portions 20.

また、リサイクルが困難なＦＲＰ樹脂に替えて加工性の良いアルミ板にて天井ユニットを形成することにより、リサイクル性を向上させると共に、樹脂成型用の型を不要としてコストダウンに寄与することができる。   In addition, by forming the ceiling unit with an aluminum plate with good workability instead of the FRP resin, which is difficult to recycle, it is possible to improve recyclability and contribute to cost reduction by eliminating the need for a resin molding die. .

さらに、断熱材を芯材として介装したアルミ積層板を結露が問題となる風道部等に用いることにより、従来と同等の断熱性と剛性を確保しつつ、断熱材への埃等の付着を未然に防止すると共に、天井ユニットの大幅な軽量化（１０両編成の車両当たり１〜１．５トン）が可能となる。   In addition, by using an aluminum laminated plate with a heat insulating material as a core material for wind passages where condensation is a problem, it is possible to adhere dust to the heat insulating material while ensuring the same heat insulation and rigidity as before. In addition, the ceiling unit can be significantly reduced in weight (1 to 1.5 tons per 10-car train).

なお、本発明の技術的範囲は上述した各実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨に逸脱しない範囲において多様な変更もしくは改良を加え得るものである。例えば、本実施の形態に係る天井ユニットＵは基本的に取り外す必要はないが、従来のように取外し可能なユニットとして構成してもよい。このように構成した場合でも、当該ユニットに開閉可能な点検蓋１０ｃを設けることにより、天井ユニット内へのアプローチ（特に、天板部へのアプローチ）が容易となり、作業性の向上に資することができる。   The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes or improvements can be added without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, the ceiling unit U according to the present embodiment does not basically need to be removed, but may be configured as a removable unit as in the past. Even in such a configuration, by providing the inspection lid 10c that can be opened and closed on the unit, approach to the ceiling unit (especially approach to the top plate) is facilitated, which contributes to improvement of workability. it can.

１：天井構造、１０：風道部、１０ｃ：点検蓋、１０ｓ：側板、１０ｔ：天板、２０：中央収容部、２０ｂ：傾斜板、２０ｃ：整風板、２０ｓ：側板、２０ｗ：整風板、２１：支持金具、２３：ヒンジ部、２５：支持金具、２５ｈ：水平部、２７：ヒンジ部、Ａ：アルミ板、Ａｔ：天井側アルミ板、Ａｃ：客室側アルミ化粧板、ＡＬ：アルミ積層板、ＣＣ：天井面、ＣＲ：車両客室、Ｉｓ：発泡性断熱材、ＳＣ：灯具座、ＴＲ：車両屋根部、Ｕ：天井ユニット、Ｕ、Ｕ0、Ｕ1：天井ユニット 1: Ceiling structure, 10: Airway part, 10c: Inspection lid, 10s: Side plate, 10t: Top plate, 20: Central housing part, 20b: Inclined plate, 20c: Wind adjustment plate, 20s: Side plate, 20w: Wind adjustment plate, 21: support bracket, 23: hinge portion, 25: support bracket, 25h: horizontal portion, 27: hinge portion, A: aluminum plate, At: ceiling side aluminum plate, Ac: cabin side aluminum decorative plate, AL: aluminum laminated plate , CC: ceiling surface, CR: vehicle cabin, Is: foam insulation, SC: lamp seat, TR: vehicle roof, U: ceiling unit, U, U 0 , U 1 : ceiling unit

Claims (4)

車両客室と車両屋根との間に天井部を形成した鉄道車両の天井構造であって、
前記天井部は、車両長手方向に渡って、分割された複数の天井ユニットとしてアルミ板にて形成されており、各天井ユニットは、幅方向略中央部に形成されてその内部に送風機を収容する中央収容部と、この中央収容部の幅方向両端部に形成されて空調用空気の流路を形成する風道部とを有し、
前記両端の各風道部の底板は、前記車両客室の天井面を形成していると共に、開閉可能な点検蓋として形成されており、かつ、当該点検蓋のそれぞれは、隣接する中央収容部の側板の下端部まで延長され、当該側板に回転可能に支持されており、さらに、
前記中央収容部の底板は、前記車両客室の天井面を形成していると共に、車両客室内に送風を導く傾斜板を有する開閉可能な整風板として形成されており、
前記点検蓋と前記整風板とは、前記中央収容部の共通の側板に回転可能に支持されていると共に、前記点検蓋の回転支点と前記整風板の回転支点とは、前記共通の側板を挟んで互いに反対側に配置形成されていることを特徴とする鉄道車両の天井構造。 A railcar ceiling structure in which a ceiling is formed between a vehicle cabin and a vehicle roof,
The ceiling portion is formed of an aluminum plate as a plurality of divided ceiling units over the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and each ceiling unit is formed at a substantially central portion in the width direction and houses a blower therein. A central accommodating portion and an air passage portion that is formed at both ends in the width direction of the central accommodating portion to form a flow path of air for air conditioning,
The bottom plates of the air passage portions at both ends form a ceiling surface of the vehicle cabin, and are formed as inspection lids that can be opened and closed, and each of the inspection lids is an adjacent central housing portion. It extends to the lower end of the side plate and is rotatably supported by the side plate ,
The bottom plate of the central housing portion forms a ceiling surface of the vehicle cabin, and is formed as an openable and closable wind regulation plate having an inclined plate that guides air flow into the vehicle cabin.
The inspection lid and the air conditioning plate are rotatably supported by a common side plate of the central housing portion, and the rotation fulcrum of the inspection lid and the rotation fulcrum of the air conditioning plate sandwich the common side plate. A ceiling structure of a railway vehicle, wherein the ceiling structure is formed on opposite sides of each other . 前記風道部は、対向するアルミ板の間に板状の発泡性断熱材を介装した積層構造のアルミ積層板にて形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の鉄道車両の天井構造。   2. The ceiling structure of a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the air passage portion is formed of an aluminum laminated plate having a laminated structure in which a plate-like foaming heat insulating material is interposed between opposing aluminum plates. . 前記発泡性断熱材は、炭酸カルシウムを主原料とする発泡断熱材であることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の鉄道車両の天井構造。 The ceiling structure for a railway vehicle according to claim 2 , wherein the foamable heat insulating material is a foamed heat insulating material mainly composed of calcium carbonate. 前記アルミ積層板中のアルミ板の総厚さは、０．８〜１ｍｍであることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の鉄道車両の天井構造。
The total thickness of the aluminum plate in the said aluminum laminated plate is 0.8-1 mm, The ceiling structure of the rail vehicle of Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.
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