JP5857375B1 - Breaker, impact transmission member, swarf tool and crushing method - Google Patents

Breaker, impact transmission member, swarf tool and crushing method Download PDF

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JP5857375B1
JP5857375B1 JP2015175768A JP2015175768A JP5857375B1 JP 5857375 B1 JP5857375 B1 JP 5857375B1 JP 2015175768 A JP2015175768 A JP 2015175768A JP 2015175768 A JP2015175768 A JP 2015175768A JP 5857375 B1 JP5857375 B1 JP 5857375B1
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wedge member
rear end
end surface
piston
hole
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神島 昭男
昭男 神島
充子 神島
充子 神島
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株式会社神島組
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Abstract

【課題】岩石、岩盤やコンクリート構造物などの処理対象物に形成された削孔に挿入された複数の押圧部材の間に先細り形状の先端部が挿入された楔部材の後端部にピストンによる打撃を与えることで複数の押圧部材を削孔の径方向外側に移動させて削孔の周囲を破砕する作業を、空打ちの発生を防止しながら行う。【解決手段】シリンダ部の内部でピストンと挿入空間との間に配置され、挿入空間に遊挿された楔部材の後端面に先端面を当接させながらピストンによる打撃を後端面で受けることにより、ピストンによる打撃を楔部材に伝達する打撃伝達部材では、楔部材の後端面が湾曲凸面となっているのに対応し、打撃伝達部材の先端部は打撃伝達部材の先端面に向かって先細り形状となるとともに打撃伝達部材の先端面は楔部材の後端面と摺接可能な湾曲凹面となっている。【選択図】図4An object of the present invention is to provide a piston at a rear end portion of a wedge member in which a tapered tip portion is inserted between a plurality of pressing members inserted into a drilling hole formed in a processing object such as a rock, bedrock or concrete structure. The operation of moving the plurality of pressing members to the outside in the radial direction of the drilling hole by giving a blow and crushing the periphery of the drilling hole is performed while preventing the occurrence of idle driving. The cylinder is disposed between the piston and the insertion space inside the cylinder portion, and the rear end surface of the wedge member is loosely inserted into the insertion space, and the rear end surface receives impact from the piston. In the impact transmission member for transmitting the impact of the piston to the wedge member, the rear end surface of the wedge member corresponds to the curved convex surface, and the distal end portion of the impact transmission member is tapered toward the distal end surface of the impact transmission member. At the same time, the front end surface of the impact transmitting member is a curved concave surface that can slide in contact with the rear end surface of the wedge member. [Selection] Figure 4

Description

この発明は、岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの処理対象物に形成された削孔に挿入された複数の押圧部材の間に先細り形状の先端部が挿入された楔部材の後端部にピストンによる打撃を与えることで複数の押圧部材を削孔の径方向外側に移動させて削孔の周囲を破砕する破砕技術に関するものである。   The present invention provides a piston at a rear end portion of a wedge member in which a tapered tip end portion is inserted between a plurality of pressing members inserted in a drilling hole formed in a processing object such as a rock mass, a rock, or a concrete structure. It is related with the crushing technique which crushes the circumference | surroundings of a drilling hole by moving a some press member to the radial direction outer side of a drilling hole by giving a blow by.

従来、岩石、岩盤やコンクリート構造物などの処理対象物を割岩するための割岩工具として、楔部材(ウェッジと称されることもある)と羽根部材(ライナーと称されることもある)を用いた、いわゆるセリ矢が知られている。例えば特許文献1では、岩盤に削岩機で予め削孔を形成し、削孔内に楔部材(矢)と羽根部材(羽根)を組み合わせた割岩工具(セリ矢)を挿入した後で、楔部材の後端部をブレーカで打撃して楔部材を圧入することで楔部材の先端部に形成される傾斜面に対して複数の羽根部材を相対的に摺動させながら削孔の径方向外側に移動させて削孔の内壁を押圧し、割岩して岩盤を破砕している。   Conventionally, a wedge member (sometimes called a wedge) and a blade member (sometimes called a liner) are used as a split rock tool for splitting a processing object such as a rock, bedrock, or concrete structure. The so-called Seri-ya has been known. For example, in Patent Document 1, a drilling hole is previously formed in a rock drill with a rock drill, and a wedge rock (arrow) and a blade member (blade) are combined into a drilling rock tool (seri arrow), and then a wedge is inserted. The rear end of the member is struck by a breaker and the wedge member is press-fitted, so that a plurality of blade members slide relative to the inclined surface formed at the front end of the wedge member while radially outside the hole. The inner wall of the drilling hole is pressed, and the rock is crushed by splitting.

特開2006−225925号公報(図3)Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2006-225925 (FIG. 3)

しかしながら、上記特許文献1に記載された発明では、削孔にセットされた楔部材をブレーカのピストンで直接的に打撃するため、当該打撃を的確に、かつ安定的に行うことは困難であり、いわゆる「空打ち」が発生する可能性がある。というのも、処理対象物に対して削孔を計画通りの方向、つまり削孔形成方向に形成することは難しく、しかも仮に削孔が削孔形成方向に形成されたとしても、羽根部材や楔部材などが削孔に対して傾斜してセットされることも多く、このような現場状況において楔部材を圧入させる方向に対してピストンの進退方向(本発明の「前後方向」に相当)を完全に一致させることは難しいからである。   However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, since the wedge member set in the drilling hole is directly hit by the piston of the breaker, it is difficult to perform the hit accurately and stably, There is a possibility that a so-called “empty shot” may occur. This is because it is difficult to form a drilling hole in the planned direction, that is, in the hole forming direction with respect to the object to be processed, and even if the hole is formed in the hole forming direction, the blade member or wedge In many cases, the member is set to be inclined with respect to the drilling hole, and in such a situation on the spot, the piston advancing / retreating direction (corresponding to the “front-rear direction” in the present invention) is completely set with respect to the direction in which the wedge member is pressed. Because it is difficult to match.

この発明は上記課題に鑑みなされたものであり、岩石、岩盤やコンクリート構造物などの処理対象物に形成された削孔に挿入された複数の押圧部材の間に先細り形状の先端部が挿入された楔部材の後端部にピストンによる打撃を与えることで複数の押圧部材を削孔の径方向外側に移動させて削孔の周囲を破砕する作業を、空打ちの発生を防止しながら行うことが可能なブレーカ、ブレーカ、当該ブレーカに設けられる打撃伝達部材、ブレーカから打撃を受けて削孔の周囲を割岩する割岩工具、並びに上記ブレーカや上記割岩工具を用いて削孔の周囲を効率的に破砕することができる破砕方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a tapered tip portion is inserted between a plurality of pressing members inserted into a drilling hole formed in a processing object such as a rock, rock, or concrete structure. The operation of crushing the periphery of the drilling hole by moving the plurality of pressing members radially outward of the drilling hole by hitting the rear end of the wedge member with the piston is performed while preventing the occurrence of idle driving Breaker, breaker, striking transmission member provided on the breaker, split rock tool that breaks the periphery of the drill hole by being hit by the breaker, and efficiently using the breaker and the split rock tool It aims at providing the crushing method which can be crushed.

この発明の第1態様は、先細り形状の先端部を有する楔部材の後端部に打撃を与えて楔部材の先端部を処理対象物の削孔に挿入された複数の羽根部材の間に圧入することで、楔部材の先端部に形成される傾斜面に対して複数の羽根部材を相対的に摺動させながら削孔の径方向外側に移動させて削孔の内壁を押圧し、削孔の周囲を破砕するブレーカであって、楔部材の後端部を遊挿可能な挿入空間が先端部に設けられるシリンダ部と、シリンダ部の内部で前後方向に往復するピストンと、シリンダ部の内部でピストンと挿入空間との間に配置され、挿入空間に遊挿された楔部材の後端面に先端面を当接させながらピストンによる打撃を後端面で受けることにより、ピストンによる打撃を楔部材に伝達する打撃伝達部材とを備え、楔部材の後端面が湾曲凸面となっているのに対応し、打撃伝達部材の先端部は打撃伝達部材の先端面に向かって先細り形状となるとともに打撃伝達部材の先端面は楔部材の後端面と摺接可能な湾曲凹面となっていることを特徴としている。   According to a first aspect of the present invention, a wedge member having a tapered tip portion is hit against a rear end portion of the wedge member, and the tip portion of the wedge member is press-fitted between a plurality of blade members inserted into a hole to be processed. By doing so, while moving the plurality of blade members relative to the inclined surface formed at the tip of the wedge member, the blade members are moved radially outward of the hole to press the inner wall of the hole. A breaker that crushes the periphery of the cylinder, a cylinder part having an insertion space in which the rear end part of the wedge member can be loosely inserted is provided at the tip part, a piston that reciprocates in the front-rear direction inside the cylinder part, and an inside of the cylinder part By hitting the rear end surface of the wedge member, which is arranged between the piston and the insertion space and is loosely inserted into the insertion space, with the rear end surface abutting on the front end surface, And a rear end surface of the wedge member. Corresponding to the curved convex surface, the front end portion of the impact transmission member is tapered toward the front end surface of the impact transmission member, and the front end surface of the impact transmission member is curved so as to be in sliding contact with the rear end surface of the wedge member. It is characterized by a concave surface.

ここで、打撃伝達部材が、打撃伝達部材の先端面の一部に形成され、挿入空間に楔部材の後端部が挿入されていない状態で挿入空間に挿入される引き抜き部材の後端部と係合可能な凹部を有し、凹部に引き抜き部材の後端部を係合させながら引き抜き部材と一体的に打撃伝達部材を挿入空間から引抜可能となっているように構成してもよい。   Here, the impact transmission member is formed on a part of the front end surface of the impact transmission member, and the rear end portion of the pulling member inserted into the insertion space in a state where the rear end portion of the wedge member is not inserted into the insertion space; An engaging recess may be provided, and the impact transmitting member may be extracted from the insertion space integrally with the extraction member while engaging the rear end of the extraction member in the recess.

また、この発明の第2態様は、シリンダ部の内部で前後方向にピストンを往復させることで先細り形状の先端部を有する楔部材の後端部に打撃を与えて楔部材の先端部を処理対象物の削孔に挿入された複数の羽根部材の間に圧入することで楔部材の先端部に形成される傾斜面に対して複数の羽根部材を相対的に摺動させながら削孔の径方向外側に移動させて削孔の内壁を押圧して削孔の周囲を破砕する、ブレーカにおいてピストンによる打撃を楔部材に伝達する打撃伝達部材であって、シリンダ部の先端部において楔部材の後端部が遊挿可能となっている挿入空間とピストンとの間に配置される中間ロッドを備え、中間ロッドの先端部が中間ロッドの先端面に向かって先細り形状を有し、中間ロッドの先端面が、楔部材の後端面が湾曲凸面となっているのに対応して楔部材の後端面と摺接可能な湾曲凹面となっており、中間ロッドの後端面で受けたピストンからの打撃を中間ロッドの先端面を介して楔部材に伝達することを特徴としている。   Further, in the second aspect of the present invention, the front end portion of the wedge member is treated by hitting the rear end portion of the wedge member having the tapered front end portion by reciprocating the piston in the front-rear direction inside the cylinder portion. The radial direction of the drilling hole while sliding the blade members relative to the inclined surface formed at the tip of the wedge member by press-fitting between the blade members inserted into the drilling hole of the object This is a hammer transmission member that moves to the outside and presses the inner wall of the drilling hole to crush the periphery of the drilling hole, and transmits the hammering by the piston to the wedge member in the breaker. An intermediate rod disposed between the insertion space in which the part can be loosely inserted and the piston, the distal end of the intermediate rod has a tapered shape toward the distal end surface of the intermediate rod, and the distal end surface of the intermediate rod However, the rear end surface of the wedge member is a curved convex surface. Correspondingly, it is a curved concave surface that can slide in contact with the rear end surface of the wedge member, and the impact from the piston received on the rear end surface of the intermediate rod is transmitted to the wedge member via the front end surface of the intermediate rod. It is characterized by doing.

また、この発明の第3態様は、上記ブレーカを用いて処理対象物を破砕する破砕方法であって、処理対象物に形成された削孔に複数の羽根部材を挿入する工程と、削孔に挿入された複数の羽根部材の間に、後端面が湾曲凸面となっている楔部材の先細り形状の先端部を挿入する工程と、先端部が複数の羽根部材の間に挿入された楔部材の後端部を上記ブレーカの挿入空間に挿入して打撃伝達部材の先端面を楔部材の後端面に摺接させる工程と、打撃伝達部材の先端面と楔部材の後端面とを互いに摺接させながら打撃伝達部材を介して楔部材の後端部をブレーカのピストンで打撃して削孔の周囲を破砕する工程とを備えることを特徴としている。   Further, a third aspect of the present invention is a crushing method for crushing a processing object using the above-described breaker, the step of inserting a plurality of blade members into a drilling hole formed in the processing object, A step of inserting a tapered tip portion of a wedge member having a curved convex surface at the rear end surface between the plurality of blade members inserted, and a wedge member having the tip portion inserted between the plurality of blade members. A step of inserting the rear end portion into the insertion space of the breaker and causing the front end surface of the impact transmission member to slidably contact the rear end surface of the wedge member; and the front end surface of the impact transmission member and the rear end surface of the wedge member to be in sliding contact with each other. However, the method includes a step of hitting the rear end portion of the wedge member with a breaker piston through the hitting transmission member and crushing the periphery of the hole.

また、この発明の第4態様は、先細り形状を有し、処理対象物に形成された削孔に対して先端部を挿脱可能な楔部材と、楔部材の先端部に形成される傾斜面に対して摺動可能に設けられ、削孔への楔部材の挿入に伴い傾斜面上を相対的に摺動しながら削孔の径方向外側に移動して削孔の内壁を押圧する、複数の羽根部材とを備え、ブレーカのシリンダ部の内部で前後方向に往復するピストンの打撃が打撃伝達部材を介して楔部材の後端部に与えられることで、楔部材の先端部を処理対象物の削孔に挿入された複数の羽根部材の間に圧入することで楔部材の先端部に形成される傾斜面に対して複数の羽根部材を相対的に摺動させながら削孔の径方向外側に移動させて削孔の内壁を押圧して削孔の周囲を破砕する割岩工具であって、楔部材の後端部は楔部材の後端面に向かって先細り形状を有するとともにシリンダ部の先端部に設けられる挿入空間に遊挿可能となっており、楔部材の後端面が、打撃伝達部材の先端面が湾曲凸面となっているのに対応して打撃伝達部材の先端面と摺接可能な湾曲凹面となっており、楔部材は打撃伝達部材より伝達される打撃を楔部材の後端面で受け取ることを特徴としている。   According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wedge member having a tapered shape, the tip portion of which can be inserted into and removed from a hole formed in the object to be processed, and an inclined surface formed at the tip portion of the wedge member. Are slidable with respect to each other, and move to the radially outer side of the drilling hole while relatively sliding on the inclined surface as the wedge member is inserted into the drilling hole, and press the inner wall of the drilling hole. The tip of the wedge member is treated by the impact of the piston reciprocating back and forth in the cylinder portion of the breaker on the rear end of the wedge member via the impact transmission member. The radially outer side of the drilling hole while relatively sliding the plurality of blade members against the inclined surface formed at the tip of the wedge member by press-fitting between the plurality of blade members inserted into the drilling hole Is a swarf tool that crushes the periphery of the drilling hole by pressing the inner wall of the drilling hole, and the rear end of the wedge member Has a tapered shape toward the rear end surface of the wedge member and can be loosely inserted into an insertion space provided at the front end portion of the cylinder portion. The rear end surface of the wedge member is a curved convex surface. Correspondingly, the curved concave surface is slidable in contact with the front end surface of the impact transmission member, and the wedge member receives the impact transmitted from the impact transmission member at the rear end surface of the wedge member. .

また、この発明の第5態様は、上記割岩工具を用いて処理対象物を破砕する破砕方法であって、楔部材の後端部を遊挿可能な挿入空間が先端部に設けられるシリンダ部と、シリンダ部の内部で前後方向に往復するピストンと、シリンダ部の内部でピストンと挿入空間との間に配置されてピストンによる打撃を湾曲凸面形状の先端面を介して楔部材に伝達する打撃伝達部材とを備えるブレーカを準備する工程と、処理対象物に形成された削孔に複数の羽根部材を挿入する工程と、削孔に挿入された複数の羽根部材の間に、楔部材の先細り形状の先端部を挿入する工程と、先端部が複数の羽根部材の間に挿入された楔部材の後端部をブレーカの挿入空間に挿入して打撃伝達部材の先端面を楔部材の後端面に摺接させる工程と、打撃伝達部材の先端面と楔部材の後端面とを互いに摺接させながら打撃伝達部材を介して楔部材の後端部をブレーカのピストンで打撃して削孔の周囲を破砕する工程とを備えることを特徴としている。   Further, a fifth aspect of the present invention is a crushing method for crushing an object to be processed using the above-mentioned split rock tool, and a cylinder part in which an insertion space in which a rear end part of a wedge member can be loosely inserted is provided at a tip part A piston that reciprocates in the front-rear direction inside the cylinder portion, and a hammer transmission that is disposed between the piston and the insertion space inside the cylinder portion and transmits a blow by the piston to the wedge member via a curved convex tip surface. A step of preparing a breaker comprising a member, a step of inserting a plurality of blade members into a hole formed in a processing object, and a tapered shape of a wedge member between the plurality of blade members inserted into the hole And inserting the rear end portion of the wedge member having the front end portion inserted between the plurality of blade members into the insertion space of the breaker, so that the front end surface of the impact transmission member becomes the rear end surface of the wedge member. The sliding contact process and the tip of the impact transmission member It is characterized by comprising a step of crushing the periphery of the drilling by striking the rear end portion of the wedge member in the breaker of the piston and the rear end surface through the striking transmission member while sliding together of the wedge member and the.

以上のように、本発明によれば、ピストンと挿入空間との間に打撃伝達部材が配置されている。この打撃伝達部材は、ピストンとともにシリンダ部の内部に設けられ、後端面でピストンの打撃を受ける。また、打撃伝達部材の先端面は湾曲凹面(あるいは湾曲凸面)となっており、湾曲凸面(あるいは湾曲凹面)を有する楔部材の後端面と摺接している。このため、ピストンの前後方向と楔部材の圧入方向とが完全に一致している場合はもちろんのこと、多少傾いていたとしても、ピストンは確実に打撃伝達部材を打撃し、その打撃力は打撃伝達部材を介して楔部材に伝達される。その結果、空打ちを発生させることなく、削孔の周囲を破砕することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, the impact transmission member is disposed between the piston and the insertion space. The impact transmission member is provided inside the cylinder portion together with the piston, and receives impact of the piston at the rear end surface. Further, the front end surface of the impact transmitting member is a curved concave surface (or curved convex surface), and is in sliding contact with the rear end surface of the wedge member having the curved convex surface (or curved concave surface). For this reason, not only when the front-rear direction of the piston is completely coincident with the press-fitting direction of the wedge member, the piston surely strikes the impact transmission member even if it is slightly inclined, and the impact force is It is transmitted to the wedge member via the transmission member. As a result, the periphery of the drilling hole can be crushed without causing idle shots.

また、打撃伝達部材の先端面および楔部材の後端面のうちの一方面は湾曲凹面となっており、打撃伝達部材の先端面および楔部材の後端面は互いに摺接しながらピストンの打撃を打撃伝達部材から楔部材に与えている。ここで、例えば打撃伝達部材の先端面が湾曲凹面となっている場合、ピストンによる打撃が加えられている間に、打撃伝達部材の先端周縁部が径方向に変形して挿入空間の内壁に係合する可能性がある。このような係合現象が発生すると、破砕作業を中断する必要があり、作業効率の低下を招く。しかしながら、打撃伝達部材の先端部は打撃伝達部材の先端面に向かって先細り形状となっているため、打撃伝達部材の先端周縁部が挿入空間の内壁に係合するのを効果的に防止する。このことは、逆に楔部材の後端面が湾曲凹面となっている場合も同様である。つまり、楔部材の後端部は楔部材の後端面に向かって先細り形状となっているため、ピストンによる打撃が加えられている間に、楔部材の後端周縁部が径方向に変形したとしても、挿入空間の内壁に係合するのを効果的に防止する。それらの結果、作業効率を向上させることが可能となっている。   In addition, one of the front end surface of the impact transmission member and the rear end surface of the wedge member is a curved concave surface, and the front end surface of the impact transmission member and the rear end surface of the wedge member are in sliding contact with each other to transmit the impact of the piston. It is given from the member to the wedge member. Here, for example, when the front end surface of the impact transmission member is a curved concave surface, the peripheral edge portion of the front end of the impact transmission member is deformed in the radial direction and is engaged with the inner wall of the insertion space while the impact by the piston is applied. There is a possibility of matching. When such an engagement phenomenon occurs, it is necessary to interrupt the crushing work, resulting in a reduction in work efficiency. However, since the distal end portion of the impact transmitting member is tapered toward the distal end surface of the impact transmitting member, it is possible to effectively prevent the distal end peripheral portion of the impact transmitting member from engaging the inner wall of the insertion space. The same applies to the case where the rear end surface of the wedge member is a curved concave surface. In other words, since the rear end portion of the wedge member is tapered toward the rear end surface of the wedge member, the peripheral edge portion of the rear end of the wedge member is deformed in the radial direction while the piston is hit. Also effectively prevents engagement with the inner wall of the insertion space. As a result, work efficiency can be improved.

本発明にかかる破砕方法の第1実施形態を実行する際に用いられる割岩工具およびブレーカを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the split rock tool and breaker used when performing 1st Embodiment of the crushing method concerning this invention. 本発明にかかる破砕方法の第1実施形態を実行する際に用いられる割岩工具の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the split rock tool used when performing 1st Embodiment of the crushing method concerning this invention. 本発明にかかる破砕方法の第1実施形態を実行する際に用いられるブレーカの内部構造を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the internal structure of the breaker used when implementing 1st Embodiment of the crushing method concerning this invention. 図3Aのブレーカで用いられる打撃伝達部材(中間ロッド)の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the impact transmission member (intermediate rod) used with the breaker of FIG. 3A. 図3に示すブレーカの先端部(挿入空間)への楔部材の挿入状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the insertion state of the wedge member to the front-end | tip part (insertion space) of the breaker shown in FIG. 本発明にかかる破砕方法の第1実施形態を実行する際に用いられる引抜工具の内部構造および引抜処理を模式的に示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing an internal structure of a drawing tool and a drawing process used when executing the first embodiment of the crushing method according to the present invention. 割岩工具およびブレーカを用いた処理対象物の割岩処理を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the split rock process of the process target object using a split rock tool and a breaker. 引抜工具による楔部材の引抜処理を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the extraction process of the wedge member by an extraction tool. 図3Aのブレーカで用いられる打撃伝達部材(中間ロッド)の引き抜きを行う引き抜き部材の構成および動作を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure and operation | movement of a drawing member which pulls out the impact transmission member (intermediate rod) used with the breaker of FIG. 3A. 本発明にかかる破砕方法の第2実施形態を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically 2nd Embodiment of the crushing method concerning this invention. 本発明にかかる破砕方法の第3実施形態を実行する際に用いられる割岩工具およびブレーカを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the split rock tool and breaker used when performing 3rd Embodiment of the crushing method concerning this invention.

本発明にかかる破砕方法は、以下の工程(1)〜(6)、
工程(1):岩石、岩盤やコンクリート構造物などの処理対象物に削孔を形成する、
工程(2):楔部材と、複数の羽根部材と、複数の羽根部材を相互に連結する連結機構とで構成される割岩工具を準備する、
工程(3):上記削孔に複数の羽根部材を挿入する、
工程(4):上記複数の羽根部材の間に楔部材の先端部を挿入する、
工程(5):上記楔部材の後端面に対してブレーカの打撃伝達部材の先端面を摺接させ、その摺接状態を維持したままブレーカのピストンで打撃伝達部材を介して楔部材を打撃して楔部材の先端部を圧入する、
工程(6):ブレーカを取り外した後で上記楔部材の後端部に引抜工具をセットし、引抜工具を用いて楔部材を引き抜いた後で連結機構により相互に連結された複数の羽根部材を回収する、
を実行することで処理対象物を割岩し、削孔の周囲を破砕するものであり、特に破砕効率を高めるために、次の説明する割岩工具、ブレーカおよび引抜工具を用いている。以下、図1、図2、図3A、図3B、図4および図5を参照しつつ装置構成を説明した後で、上記破砕方法について詳述する。
The crushing method according to the present invention includes the following steps (1) to (6),
Step (1): forming a hole in a processing object such as rock, bedrock or concrete structure,
Step (2): preparing a split rock tool composed of a wedge member, a plurality of blade members, and a connecting mechanism for connecting the plurality of blade members to each other;
Step (3): Inserting a plurality of blade members into the drilling hole,
Step (4): inserting the tip of the wedge member between the plurality of blade members,
Step (5): The front end surface of the hitting transmission member of the breaker is brought into sliding contact with the rear end surface of the wedge member, and the wedge member is hit through the hitting transmission member with the piston of the breaker while maintaining the sliding contact state. Press-fit the tip of the wedge member,
Step (6): After removing the breaker, a pulling tool is set at the rear end of the wedge member, and the wedge member is pulled out by using the pulling tool, and then a plurality of blade members connected to each other by a connecting mechanism are provided. to recover,
Is used to smash the object to be processed and crush the periphery of the drilling hole. In particular, in order to increase the crushing efficiency, the following explained swarf tools, breakers, and extraction tools are used. Hereinafter, the apparatus configuration will be described with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, FIG.

図1は本発明にかかる破砕方法の第1実施形態を実行する際に用いられる割岩工具およびブレーカを示す図である。割岩工具1は、2枚の羽根部材11、12と、羽根部材11、12の後端部を相互に連結する連結機構13と、羽根部材11、12の間に対して先端部を挿脱可能に形成された楔部材14と有している。そして、2枚の羽根部材11、12は連結機構13により相互に連結される。この明細書では、処理対象物2に対して削孔21が形成される方向Xを「削孔形成方向」と称し、X方向に進む側を「先端側」と称するとともに反対側を「後端側」と称する。また、削孔形成方向Xに直交する方向のうち羽根部材11、12が配列される方向Yを「配列方向」と称する。   FIG. 1 is a view showing a swarf tool and a breaker used in carrying out the first embodiment of the crushing method according to the present invention. The split rock tool 1 can be inserted / removed between two blade members 11 and 12, a connecting mechanism 13 that connects the rear ends of the blade members 11 and 12, and between the blade members 11 and 12. And a wedge member 14 formed on the surface. The two blade members 11 and 12 are connected to each other by the connecting mechanism 13. In this specification, the direction X in which the hole 21 is formed with respect to the processing object 2 is referred to as a “hole forming direction”, the side proceeding in the X direction is referred to as the “front end side”, and the opposite side is referred to as the “rear end”. Referred to as “side”. Further, a direction Y in which the blade members 11 and 12 are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the hole forming direction X is referred to as an “arrangement direction”.

図2は本発明にかかる破砕方法の一実施形態を実行する際に用いられる割岩工具の構成を示す図である。同図において、1点鎖線の矢印方向に示された(a)図〜(e)図はそれぞれ羽根部材の上面図、X方向において互いに異なる3つの高さ位置での羽根部材の断面図および羽根部材の下面図である。この割岩工具1では、羽根部材11、12は同形状及び同寸法である。そこで、羽根部材11の構成を以下に説明する一方で、羽根部材12の各部については相当符号を付して説明を省略する。   FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a swarf tool used when an embodiment of the crushing method according to the present invention is executed. In the same figure, the (a) to (e) drawings shown in the direction of the one-dot chain line are respectively a top view of the blade member, a sectional view of the blade member at three different height positions in the X direction, and the blade. It is a bottom view of a member. In this split rock tool 1, the blade members 11 and 12 have the same shape and the same dimensions. Therefore, while the configuration of the blade member 11 will be described below, the components of the blade member 12 are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

羽根部材11は、フランジ部11aと、フランジ部11aの下面から削孔形成方向Xと平行な方向に延びる押圧部11bとを有している。図2の(a)図および(e)図からわかるように、フランジ部11aは押圧部11bよりも十分に大きな平面サイズを有している。より具体的には、フランジ部11a、12aを組み合わせた平面サイズは削孔21よりも大きな平面サイズを有するのに対し、押圧部11b、12b組み合わせた平面サイズは削孔21よりも小さな平面サイズを有している。   The blade member 11 includes a flange portion 11a and a pressing portion 11b extending from the lower surface of the flange portion 11a in a direction parallel to the hole forming direction X. As can be seen from FIGS. 2A and 2E, the flange portion 11a has a sufficiently larger planar size than the pressing portion 11b. More specifically, the plane size combined with the flange portions 11a and 12a has a larger plane size than the drilling hole 21, whereas the plane size combined with the pressing portions 11b and 12b has a smaller plane size than the drilling hole 21. Have.

フランジ部11aには2本の貫通孔11c、11dが互いに一定距離だけXY平面と直交する方向に離間して設けられるとともに、フランジ部12aには2本の貫通孔12c、12dが互いに一定距離だけXY平面と直交する方向に離間して設けられている。そして、上記のように傾斜面同士を対向させて配置することで、貫通孔11c、12cがY方向に一直線上に並ぶとともに貫通孔11d、12dがY方向に一直線上に並ぶ。   The flange portion 11a is provided with two through holes 11c and 11d spaced apart from each other by a certain distance in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane, and the flange portion 12a is provided with two through holes 12c and 12d by a certain distance from each other. They are spaced apart in the direction orthogonal to the XY plane. By arranging the inclined surfaces to face each other as described above, the through holes 11c and 12c are arranged in a straight line in the Y direction, and the through holes 11d and 12d are arranged in a straight line in the Y direction.

押圧部11bのうち削孔21の内壁と対向する面は、削孔形成方向Xに沿った円弧面を基本形状として構成されており、後述するように削孔21の内壁を押圧する押圧面として機能する。なお、ここでの円弧面とはその断面が厳密に円の一部である必要はなく、断面が楕円の一部であるような場合も含むものとする。また、押圧部11bでは円弧面(押圧面)と反対側に傾斜面が形成されている。そして、2つの羽根部材11、12は、傾斜面同士が向かい合うように配置された状態で、次に詳述する連結機構13によりフランジ部11a、12aを相互に連結することで一体化される。   The surface of the pressing portion 11b that faces the inner wall of the hole 21 is formed with an arc surface along the hole forming direction X as a basic shape, and as a pressing surface that presses the inner wall of the hole 21 as will be described later. Function. Note that the arc surface here does not need to be strictly a part of a circle, and includes a case where the cross section is a part of an ellipse. Moreover, in the press part 11b, the inclined surface is formed in the opposite side to a circular arc surface (press surface). The two blade members 11 and 12 are integrated by connecting the flange portions 11a and 12a to each other by the connecting mechanism 13 described in detail below in a state where the inclined surfaces face each other.

連結機構13は、コイルばね131〜133、ボルト134、ナット135および2枚のワッシャー136により形成されている。フランジ部11a、12aにそれぞれ形成される貫通孔11c、12cに挟まれるようにコイルばね132が配置されている。また、貫通孔11cの(−Y)方向側にコイルばね131が配置されるとともに、貫通孔12cの(+Y)方向側にコイルばね133が配置されている。そして、(−Y)側ワッシャー136、コイルばね131、貫通孔11c、コイルばね132、貫通孔12c、コイルばね133および(+Y)側ワッシャー136を貫通してボルト134が挿通され、ボルト134の先端の雄ネジ部にナット135が螺合されている。なお、貫通孔11d、12d側についても、上記と同様に、コイルばね131〜133、ボルト134、ナット135および2枚のワッシャー136が設けられている。   The coupling mechanism 13 is formed by coil springs 131 to 133, a bolt 134, a nut 135, and two washers 136. A coil spring 132 is arranged so as to be sandwiched between through holes 11c and 12c formed in the flange portions 11a and 12a, respectively. A coil spring 131 is disposed on the (−Y) direction side of the through hole 11c, and a coil spring 133 is disposed on the (+ Y) direction side of the through hole 12c. The bolt 134 is inserted through the (−Y) side washer 136, the coil spring 131, the through hole 11c, the coil spring 132, the through hole 12c, the coil spring 133, and the (+ Y) side washer 136, and the tip of the bolt 134 is inserted. A nut 135 is screwed into the male screw portion. In addition, coil springs 131 to 133, bolts 134, nuts 135, and two washers 136 are also provided on the through holes 11d and 12d side as described above.

コイルばね132は羽根部材11、12をY方向において相互に離間させるように付勢している。また、ボルト134の頭部が羽根部材11の(−Y)方向の移動を規制し、ナット135が羽根部材12の(+Y)方向の移動を規制する。また、コイルばね131は羽根部材11とボルト134の頭部との間に配置されて羽根部材11をボルト134の頭部に対して(+Y)方向に付勢している。さらに、コイルばね133は羽根部材12とナット135との間に配置されて羽根部材12をナット135に対して(−Y)方向に付勢している。   The coil spring 132 urges the blade members 11 and 12 to be separated from each other in the Y direction. The head of the bolt 134 restricts the movement of the blade member 11 in the (−Y) direction, and the nut 135 restricts the movement of the blade member 12 in the (+ Y) direction. The coil spring 131 is disposed between the blade member 11 and the head of the bolt 134 to urge the blade member 11 in the (+ Y) direction with respect to the head of the bolt 134. Further, the coil spring 133 is disposed between the blade member 12 and the nut 135 to urge the blade member 12 against the nut 135 in the (−Y) direction.

このように連結機構13を設けたことによって、羽根部材11、12はボルト134の円筒部にガイドされながらY方向に移動可能な状態で相互に連結されており、羽根部材11、12の位置関係をナット135によって調整可能となっている。また、羽根部材11、12の先端部、つまり押圧部11b、12bを削孔21に挿入していくと、フランジ部11a、12aが削孔21の周辺表面に係止され、それ以上の挿入が規制されて割岩工具1が削孔21に対してセット可能となっている。さらに、羽根部材11、12の一体化によって両傾斜面によって挟まれる空間は羽根部材11、12の先端側ほど細くなる先細り形状となる。この先細り形状の空間に、この空間と同様に先細り形状に構成された楔部材14が挿入される。   By providing the connecting mechanism 13 in this manner, the blade members 11 and 12 are connected to each other while being guided by the cylindrical portion of the bolt 134 so as to be movable in the Y direction. Can be adjusted by a nut 135. Further, when the tip portions of the blade members 11 and 12, that is, the pressing portions 11 b and 12 b are inserted into the hole 21, the flange portions 11 a and 12 a are locked to the peripheral surface of the hole 21, and further insertion is possible. Due to the restriction, the split rock tool 1 can be set to the drilling hole 21. Furthermore, the space sandwiched between the inclined surfaces by the integration of the blade members 11 and 12 has a tapered shape that becomes thinner toward the tip side of the blade members 11 and 12. A wedge member 14 having a tapered shape is inserted into this tapered space in the same manner as this space.

図3Aは本発明にかかる破砕方法の第1実施形態を実行する際に用いられる楔部材の構造およびブレーカの内部構造を模式的に示す図である。また、図3Bは図3Aのブレーカで用いられる打撃伝達部材(中間ロッド)の構成を示す図である。また、図4は図3Aに示すブレーカの先端部(挿入空間)への楔部材の挿入状態を示す図である。ここでは、図3Aを参照しつつ楔部材14の構成を説明した後で、図3A、図3Bおよび図4を参照しつつブレーカ3の構成について説明する。   FIG. 3A is a diagram schematically showing the structure of the wedge member and the internal structure of the breaker used when executing the first embodiment of the crushing method according to the present invention. Moreover, FIG. 3B is a figure which shows the structure of the impact transmission member (intermediate rod) used with the breaker of FIG. 3A. FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which the wedge member is inserted into the tip portion (insertion space) of the breaker shown in FIG. 3A. Here, after describing the configuration of the wedge member 14 with reference to FIG. 3A, the configuration of the breaker 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 4.

楔部材14の先端部は、図3中の(b)図に示すように、X方向に直交する断面において矩形形状を有し、先端に向かうにしたがってY方向の厚みが減少する先細り形状を有しており、(−Y)側面および(+Y)側面は傾斜面となっている。また、楔部材14の後端部14bには、引抜工具4の係合部材44、45(図5)により把持される被把持部14cが設けられている。被把持部14cでは、(−Y)方向側面および(+Y)方向側面に凹部14dが設けられ、各凹部14dに引抜工具4の係合部材44、45が挿入されて挟み込まれることで楔部材14は引抜工具4により保持される。一方、各凹部14dからの係合部材44、45の離脱によって引抜工具による楔部材14の保持が解除される。なお、楔部材14の各傾斜面14aには、溝部14fがフランジ部11a、12aの上面に形成されるオイル溜り部11e、12eと連通するように設けられている。図3A中の(a)図においては、(+Y)側の傾斜面14aに形成された溝部14fのみが図示されているが、反対側の傾斜面14aにも同様の溝部が形成されている。また、図2の(a)〜(d)に示すように、各傾斜面14aに対して摺接される羽根部材11、12の傾斜面にも溝部11f、12fがオイル溜り部11e、12eと連通するように設けられている。このため、オイル溜り部11e、12eに潤滑オイルを割岩処理前に貯留しておくことで当該潤滑オイルは溝部11f、12f、14fを経由して楔部材14と羽根部材11、12との摺動面に供給される。なお、本実施形態では、羽根部材11、12と楔部材14の両方に溝部を設けているが、いずれか一方にのみ溝部を設けてもよい。また、溝部の本数についても、各傾斜面に1本ずつ形成しているが、溝部の本数や形状などについては任意である。また、溝部を設けずに、傾斜面に沿ってオイル供給を行うように構成してもよい。また、図2中の符号137、137は連結機構13により羽根部材11、12を連結してなる連結体を吊持するためのフックであり、フック137、137はそれぞれフランジ部11a、12aの上面から立設され、ワイヤー(図示省略)を装着可能となっている。   As shown in FIG. 3B, the tip of the wedge member 14 has a rectangular shape in a cross section perpendicular to the X direction, and has a tapered shape in which the thickness in the Y direction decreases toward the tip. The (−Y) side surface and the (+ Y) side surface are inclined surfaces. Further, at the rear end portion 14 b of the wedge member 14, a gripped portion 14 c that is gripped by the engaging members 44 and 45 (FIG. 5) of the extraction tool 4 is provided. In the gripped portion 14c, concave portions 14d are provided on the (−Y) direction side surface and the (+ Y) direction side surface, and the engagement members 44 and 45 of the extraction tool 4 are inserted into the concave portions 14d so as to be sandwiched between the wedge members 14. Is held by the extraction tool 4. On the other hand, when the engaging members 44 and 45 are disengaged from the recesses 14d, the holding of the wedge member 14 by the extraction tool is released. Each inclined surface 14a of the wedge member 14 is provided with a groove portion 14f so as to communicate with oil reservoirs 11e and 12e formed on the upper surfaces of the flange portions 11a and 12a. In FIG. 3A, only the groove portion 14f formed on the (+ Y) side inclined surface 14a is shown, but a similar groove portion is also formed on the opposite inclined surface 14a. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2A to 2D, the groove portions 11f and 12f are also formed in the oil reservoir portions 11e and 12e on the inclined surfaces of the blade members 11 and 12 that are in sliding contact with the inclined surfaces 14a. It is provided to communicate. For this reason, the lubricating oil is stored in the oil reservoirs 11e and 12e before the split rock treatment, so that the lubricating oil slides between the wedge member 14 and the blade members 11 and 12 through the grooves 11f, 12f and 14f. Supplied to the surface. In addition, in this embodiment, although the groove part is provided in both the blade members 11 and 12 and the wedge member 14, you may provide a groove part only in any one. In addition, the number of groove portions is also formed on each inclined surface, but the number and shape of the groove portions are arbitrary. Moreover, you may comprise so that oil supply may be performed along an inclined surface, without providing a groove part. Further, reference numerals 137 and 137 in FIG. 2 are hooks for suspending a connecting body formed by connecting the blade members 11 and 12 by the connecting mechanism 13, and the hooks 137 and 137 are upper surfaces of the flange portions 11a and 12a, respectively. It is possible to attach a wire (not shown).

また、楔部材14の後端部14bは(−X)方向に向かって先細り形状を有しており、次に説明するブレーカ3の構成要素のひとつであるシリンダ部31の先端部311に形成される挿入空間SPに対して遊挿可能となっている。また、後端部14bの端面、つまり楔部材14の後端面14eは湾曲凸面に仕上げられており、次に説明するブレーカ3を構成する打撃伝達部材33の先端面に対して摺動可能となっている。   Further, the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 has a tapered shape in the (−X) direction, and is formed at the front end portion 311 of the cylinder portion 31 which is one of the components of the breaker 3 described below. The insertion space SP can be loosely inserted. Further, the end surface of the rear end portion 14b, that is, the rear end surface 14e of the wedge member 14 is finished to be a curved convex surface, and can slide with respect to the front end surface of the impact transmission member 33 constituting the breaker 3 described below. ing.

上記ブレーカ3は上記のように構成された楔部材14の後端部14bを打撃して楔部材14の先端部を羽根部材12の間に圧入する機能を果たす。より詳しくは、ブレーカ3は、図1に示すように油圧パワーショベル等の建設車両5のアーム51にブラケット52を介して取り付けられている。このため、オペレータが建設車両5の操作レバーなどを操作してアーム51の位置や角度などを制御することでブレーカ3の位置および姿勢に制御可能となっている。   The breaker 3 functions to hit the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 configured as described above and press-fit the front end portion of the wedge member 14 between the blade members 12. More specifically, the breaker 3 is attached to an arm 51 of a construction vehicle 5 such as a hydraulic power shovel via a bracket 52 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the operator can control the position and posture of the breaker 3 by operating the operation lever of the construction vehicle 5 and controlling the position and angle of the arm 51.

このブレーカ3は、図3A中の(c)図および図4に示すように、ブレーカ3の本体部として機能するシリンダ部31を有しており、シリンダ部31の先端部には、凹部が設けられており、この凹部によって上記楔部材14の後端部14bを遊挿可能な挿入空間SPが形成されている。また、この挿入空間SPに対して後端側、つまり(−X)方向側において、ピストン32がシリンダ部31の内部で前後方向に往復移動可能に設けられている。なお、本実施形態では、シリンダ部31は挿入空間SPを設けた部位(先端部)とピストン32を往復可能に保持する部位(後端部)とを一体的に形成しているが、これらの部位を分割し、両者を連結することでシリンダ部31を構成してもよい。   As shown in FIG. 3C and FIG. 4, the breaker 3 has a cylinder portion 31 that functions as a main body portion of the breaker 3, and a recess is provided at the tip of the cylinder portion 31. An insertion space SP in which the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 can be loosely inserted is formed by the recess. Further, on the rear end side, that is, the (−X) direction side with respect to the insertion space SP, the piston 32 is provided so as to be capable of reciprocating in the front-rear direction inside the cylinder portion 31. In this embodiment, the cylinder portion 31 integrally forms a portion (tip portion) where the insertion space SP is provided and a portion (rear end portion) that holds the piston 32 so as to reciprocate. You may comprise the cylinder part 31 by dividing | segmenting a site | part and connecting both.

また、ピストン32と挿入空間SPとの間に打撃伝達部材33が配置されている。この打撃伝達部材33はロッド部材で形成されており、ピストン32と挿入空間SPに挿入される楔部材14との間に位置する中間ロッドとして機能する。この打撃伝達部材33の先端部330は先端面331に向かって先細り形状を有している。つまり、図3Bに示すように、先端部330の外径は先端方向、つまり(+X)方向に行くにしたがって小さくなっている。   Further, the impact transmission member 33 is disposed between the piston 32 and the insertion space SP. This impact transmission member 33 is formed of a rod member, and functions as an intermediate rod positioned between the piston 32 and the wedge member 14 inserted into the insertion space SP. The tip end portion 330 of the hit transmission member 33 has a tapered shape toward the tip end surface 331. That is, as shown in FIG. 3B, the outer diameter of the distal end portion 330 becomes smaller in the distal direction, that is, in the (+ X) direction.

また、打撃伝達部材33の先端面331は湾曲凹面に仕上げられている。この実施形態では、打撃伝達部材33の先端面331の曲率半径r33と楔部材14の後端面14eの曲率半径r14とは、
r33=−r14
の関係を有しており、打撃伝達部材33の先端面331と楔部材14の後端面14eとは互いに摺動可能となっている。このため、図4(a)に示すように楔部材14の軸線AX1(楔部材14の先端から後端面14eの回転中心部に延びる軸線)に対してピストン32の軸線AX3(ピストン32の回転対称軸)が一致して傾斜角がゼロであるときはもちろんのこと、例えば図4(b)に示すように楔部材14の軸線AX1に対してピストン32の軸線AX3が傾斜しており、ピストン32の前後方向と楔部材14の圧入方向との角度がゼロとなっていないときであっても、打撃伝達部材33の先端面331と楔部材14の後端面14eとは互いに当接している。
Moreover, the front end surface 331 of the impact transmission member 33 is finished to be a curved concave surface. In this embodiment, the curvature radius r33 of the front end surface 331 of the impact transmission member 33 and the curvature radius r14 of the rear end surface 14e of the wedge member 14 are:
r33 = −r14
The front end surface 331 of the impact transmission member 33 and the rear end surface 14e of the wedge member 14 are slidable with each other. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4A, the axis AX3 of the piston 32 (the rotational symmetry of the piston 32) with respect to the axis AX1 of the wedge member 14 (the axis extending from the front end of the wedge member 14 to the center of rotation of the rear end surface 14e). 4), the axis AX3 of the piston 32 is inclined with respect to the axis AX1 of the wedge member 14 as shown in FIG. 4B, for example. Even when the angle between the front-rear direction and the press-fitting direction of the wedge member 14 is not zero, the front end surface 331 of the impact transmission member 33 and the rear end surface 14e of the wedge member 14 are in contact with each other.

一方、楔部材14の軸線AX1とピストン32の軸線AX3とがなす角度、つまり傾斜角がゼロか否かにかかわらず、打撃伝達部材33およびピストン32はシリンダ部31の内部に設けられており、打撃伝達部材33の後端面332はピストン32の先端面321と対向している。つまり、本実施形態では、シリンダ部31の内部でピストン32および打撃伝達部材33は軸線AX3の方向に一列に配列されており、打撃伝達部材33の軸線(図示省略)は常に軸線AX3と一致している。したがって、挿入空間SP内おいて楔部材14の後端部14bの姿勢が変動する程度の範囲内で軸線AX1、AX3が互いに傾斜したとしても、ピストン32は前後方向に往復移動し、空打ちを発生させることなく打撃伝達部材33の後端面332に打撃を加える。そして、当該打撃力は打撃伝達部材33を介して楔部材14に与えられる。   On the other hand, regardless of whether the angle AX1 of the wedge member 14 and the axis AX3 of the piston 32, that is, the inclination angle is zero, the impact transmission member 33 and the piston 32 are provided inside the cylinder portion 31, The rear end surface 332 of the impact transmission member 33 faces the front end surface 321 of the piston 32. That is, in this embodiment, the piston 32 and the impact transmission member 33 are arranged in a line in the direction of the axis AX3 inside the cylinder portion 31, and the axis (not shown) of the impact transmission member 33 always coincides with the axis AX3. ing. Therefore, even if the axes AX1 and AX3 are inclined with respect to each other within a range in which the posture of the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 fluctuates in the insertion space SP, the piston 32 reciprocates back and forth in the front-rear direction. The impact is applied to the rear end surface 332 of the impact transmitting member 33 without being generated. The striking force is applied to the wedge member 14 via the striking transmission member 33.

このように構成された打撃伝達部材33には、図3Bに示すように、貫通孔334が打撃伝達部材33の軸線AX4(打撃伝達部材33の回転対称軸)に沿って設けられている。このため、ピストン32と打撃伝達部材33との間に潤滑剤を貯留しておくと、潤滑剤が徐々に貫通孔334を介して打撃伝達部材33の先端側に供給される。これによって、打撃伝達部材33と楔部材14との間が潤滑され、両者の摩耗を低減することができる。   As shown in FIG. 3B, the hit transmission member 33 configured as described above is provided with a through hole 334 along the axis AX4 of the hit transmission member 33 (the rotationally symmetric axis of the hit transmission member 33). For this reason, if the lubricant is stored between the piston 32 and the impact transmission member 33, the lubricant is gradually supplied to the tip side of the impact transmission member 33 through the through hole 334. Thereby, the space between the impact transmission member 33 and the wedge member 14 is lubricated, and wear of both can be reduced.

さらに、貫通孔334の先端内面には雌ネジが螺刻されており、挿入空間SPに楔部材14の後端部を挿入していない状態でフック137の後端部を螺着させることでフック137を打撃伝達部材33に係合させることが可能となっている。このフック137は後で説明するようにシリンダ部31から打撃伝達部材33を引き抜くための引き抜き部材として機能する。なお、ここでは、フック137を打撃伝達部材33に螺着させているが、係合方式はこれに限定されるものではなく、一般的な係合方式を採用することができる。   Further, a female screw is threaded on the inner surface of the front end of the through-hole 334, and the hook 137 is screwed into the insertion space SP without inserting the rear end of the wedge member 14 into the insertion space SP. 137 can be engaged with the impact transmission member 33. As will be described later, the hook 137 functions as a pull-out member for pulling out the impact transmission member 33 from the cylinder portion 31. Here, the hook 137 is screwed to the impact transmission member 33, but the engagement method is not limited to this, and a general engagement method can be adopted.

このように本実施形態では、楔部材14の後端部14bは挿入空間SPに遊挿されており、挿入空間SPの内壁と楔部材14の後端部14bとの間に隙間が生じる。そこで、本実施形態では、図3A中の(c)図および図4に示すように、挿入空間SPの開口付近において、Oリング34が圧入されている。具体的には、Oリング34の外径はシリンダ部31の先端部311の内径よりも若干大きく、Oリング34の弾性力を利用してシリンダ部31の先端部311に位置決めしている。このようにOリング34を設けたことで、楔部材14の後端部14bが挿入空間SPに遊挿された状態では、Oリング34が楔部材14の後端部14bと挿入空間SPの内壁との隙間を塞ぎ、挿入空間SPをシリンダ部31の先端側、つまり(+X)方向側から塞ぐシール部材として機能している。その結果、シリンダ部31の内部で発生する打撃音が漏れるのを抑制し、打撃による騒音を効率的に抑制することができる。   Thus, in this embodiment, the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 is loosely inserted into the insertion space SP, and a gap is generated between the inner wall of the insertion space SP and the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3C and FIG. 4, the O-ring 34 is press-fitted in the vicinity of the opening of the insertion space SP. Specifically, the outer diameter of the O-ring 34 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the tip portion 311 of the cylinder portion 31 and is positioned at the tip portion 311 of the cylinder portion 31 using the elastic force of the O-ring 34. Since the O-ring 34 is provided in this manner, the O-ring 34 can be connected to the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 and the inner wall of the insertion space SP when the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 is loosely inserted into the insertion space SP. And functions as a seal member that closes the insertion space SP from the distal end side of the cylinder portion 31, that is, the (+ X) direction side. As a result, it is possible to suppress the impact sound generated inside the cylinder part 31 from leaking and to efficiently suppress the noise caused by the impact.

なお、図1、図3A中の(c)図および図4中の符号35は打撃伝達部材33の側面に形成された切欠部333に係合して打撃伝達部材33をピストン32の軸線AX3と平行な方向に一定の距離だけ移動自在に支持するピン部材であり、符号36は高圧油路と低圧油路とを交互に切換連通してピストン32の前後方向の往復動を制御する切換弁を示している。また、図1中の符号4は、ピストン32の打撃時に発生する作動音が騒音として周囲に伝播するのを抑制する防音カバーである。   1 and FIG. 3A and reference numeral 35 in FIG. 4 are engaged with a notch 333 formed on the side surface of the impact transmission member 33 so that the impact transmission member 33 is connected to the axis AX3 of the piston 32. A pin member that is supported so as to be movable by a fixed distance in a parallel direction. Reference numeral 36 designates a switching valve for controlling the reciprocating motion of the piston 32 in the front-rear direction by alternately switching the high pressure oil passage and the low pressure oil passage. Show. Moreover, the code | symbol 4 in FIG. 1 is a soundproof cover which suppresses that the operation sound which generate | occur | produces at the time of striking of the piston 32 is propagated to the circumference as noise.

図5は本発明にかかる破砕方法の一実施形態を実行する際に用いられる引抜工具の内部構造および引抜処理を模式的に示す図であり、同図(a)は楔部材14の後端部14bを把持して引抜処理を行う前の構成を示し、同図(b)は楔部材14の後端部14bを把持した際の構成を示している。この引抜工具4は、楔部材14の後端部14bのうち被把持部14cまでを上方よりすっぽりと覆うようにキャップ部材41を有している。このキャップ部材41の(−Y)側面および(+Y)側面に開口部42、43が設けられている。そして、開口部42、43に対して係合部材44、45がそれぞれY方向に進退可能に取り付けられている。係合部材44の(+Y)側端部および係合部材45の(−Y)側端部はそれぞれ開口部42、43を介して凹部14d、14dに進入可能となっており、図5(b)に示すように、係合部材44、45の進入によって楔部材14の被把持部14cはY方向から挟み込まれて把持される。したがって、この把持状態のままキャップ部材41の頂部46に設けられるフック47にワイヤー48を装着し、当該ワイヤー48をクレーン車(図示省略)によって巻き上げることで楔部材14を上方に吊り上げて羽根部材11、12の間から引き抜き可能となっている。   FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing an internal structure of a drawing tool and a drawing process used when carrying out an embodiment of the crushing method according to the present invention, and FIG. The configuration before gripping 14b and performing the pulling process is shown, and FIG. 5B shows the configuration when the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 is gripped. This extraction tool 4 has a cap member 41 so as to cover the gripping portion 14c of the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 from above. Openings 42 and 43 are provided on the (−Y) side surface and the (+ Y) side surface of the cap member 41. And the engaging members 44 and 45 are attached with respect to the opening parts 42 and 43 so that advancing and retreating to a Y direction, respectively. The (+ Y) side end of the engaging member 44 and the (−Y) side end of the engaging member 45 can enter the recesses 14d and 14d through the openings 42 and 43, respectively, and FIG. ), The gripped portion 14c of the wedge member 14 is sandwiched and gripped from the Y direction by the engagement members 44 and 45 entering. Therefore, the wire 48 is attached to the hook 47 provided on the top 46 of the cap member 41 in this gripped state, and the wedge member 14 is lifted upward by winding up the wire 48 by a crane car (not shown), thereby the blade member 11. , 12 can be pulled out.

次に、上記にように構成された割岩工具1、ブレーカ3および引抜工具4を用いて処理対象物2を割岩して破砕する方法について図6および図7を参照しつつ説明する。図6は割岩工具およびブレーカを用いた処理対象物の割岩処理を模式的に示す図である。また、図7は引抜工具による楔部材の引抜処理を模式的に示す図である。   Next, a method for splitting and crushing the processing object 2 using the split rock tool 1, the breaker 3 and the extraction tool 4 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the split rock processing of the processing object using the split rock tool and the breaker. Further, FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the extraction process of the wedge member by the extraction tool.

この実施形態では、図6(a)に示すように、処理対象物2に内径dの削孔21を(+X)方向に形成する(削孔形成工程)。これに並行して、上記削孔21に挿入すべき連結体(=羽根部材11、12+連結機構13)を準備しておく(準備工程)。この準備工程では、羽根部材11、12は、傾斜面同士が向かい合うように羽根部材11、12を対向配置するとともに、コイルばね131、貫通孔11c、コイルばね132、貫通孔12cおよびコイルばね133を貫通してボルト134を挿通した後、ボルト134の先端の雄ネジ部にナット135を螺合する。このとき、図6(a)に示すように、コイルばね131〜133の付勢力に抗いながらナット135をボルト134の頭部側に送り込んでボルト134とナット135の離間距離を距離W10(>d)に調整することで、押圧部11b、12bの幅Wが削孔21の内径dよりも狭くなるように調整する。なお、本実施形態では、ほぼ同一のばね特性を有するコイルばね131〜133を用いており、上記調整完了時点でのコイルばね131〜133はそれぞれ長さW11〜W13(W11=W12=W13)を有している。もちろん、コイルばね131〜133を同一のものを用いることは必須要件ではなく、任意であり、例えばコイルばね131、133を同一とする一方でコイルばね132をそれらコイルばね131、133と異なるものを用いてもよい。   In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6A, a hole 21 having an inner diameter d is formed in the processing object 2 in the (+ X) direction (a hole forming step). In parallel with this, a coupling body (= blade members 11, 12 + coupling mechanism 13) to be inserted into the hole 21 is prepared (preparation step). In this preparation process, the blade members 11 and 12 are disposed so that the inclined surfaces face each other, and the coil spring 131, the through hole 11c, the coil spring 132, the through hole 12c, and the coil spring 133 are arranged. After penetrating and inserting the bolt 134, the nut 135 is screwed into the male screw portion at the tip of the bolt 134. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6A, the nut 135 is fed to the head side of the bolt 134 while resisting the urging force of the coil springs 131 to 133, and the separation distance between the bolt 134 and the nut 135 is set to a distance W10 (> d ), The width W of the pressing portions 11b and 12b is adjusted to be narrower than the inner diameter d of the hole 21. In this embodiment, coil springs 131 to 133 having substantially the same spring characteristics are used, and the coil springs 131 to 133 at the time of completion of the adjustment have lengths W11 to W13 (W11 = W12 = W13), respectively. Have. Of course, the use of the same coil springs 131 to 133 is not an essential requirement, and is optional. For example, the coil springs 131 and 133 are the same while the coil spring 132 is different from the coil springs 131 and 133. It may be used.

このように押圧部11b、12bの幅Wが内径d未満に調整された連結体をクレーン車などによって吊り下げ、図6(a)に示すように押圧部11b、12bを削孔21内に挿入する。そして、フランジ部11a、12aおよび連結機構13が処理対象物2の表面に到達すると、クレーン車による連結体の吊り下げを解除した後、ナット135を緩めてボルト134とナット135の離間距離を距離W20(>W10)に調整する。この調整中に、コイルばね132の付勢力によって押圧部11b、12bがそれぞれ(−Y)方向および(+Y)方向に移動して押圧部11b、12bの円弧面(押圧面)を削孔21の内壁に当接させる(図6(b))。このため、押圧部11b、12bの円弧面がぴったりと削孔21の内壁に当接させることができる。なお、この時点におけるコイルばね131〜133の長さW21〜W23も全て同じ値であり、上記調整に伴って長さW21〜W23は挿入直前の長さW11〜W13よりも長くなっている。   The connecting body in which the widths W of the pressing portions 11b and 12b are adjusted to be less than the inner diameter d is suspended by a crane truck or the like, and the pressing portions 11b and 12b are inserted into the hole 21 as shown in FIG. To do. When the flanges 11a, 12a and the connection mechanism 13 reach the surface of the object 2 to be processed, the suspension of the connection body by the crane truck is released, and then the nut 135 is loosened to increase the distance between the bolt 134 and the nut 135 by the distance. Adjust to W20 (> W10). During this adjustment, the pressing portions 11 b and 12 b are moved in the (−Y) direction and the (+ Y) direction by the biasing force of the coil spring 132, respectively, and the arc surfaces (pressing surfaces) of the pressing portions 11 b and 12 b are moved to the hole 21. It is made to contact | abut to an inner wall (FIG.6 (b)). For this reason, the circular arc surfaces of the pressing portions 11 b and 12 b can be brought into close contact with the inner wall of the hole 21. Note that the lengths W21 to W23 of the coil springs 131 to 133 at this time are all the same value, and the lengths W21 to W23 are longer than the lengths W11 to W13 immediately before insertion along with the adjustment.

こうして羽根部材11、12の削孔21への挿入が完了すると、図6(c)に示すように、押圧部11b、12bの間に形成される略逆三角柱形状(楔形状)の空間(図示省略)に楔部材14の先端部を挿入する。これによって、押圧部11b、12bの傾斜面が楔部材14の傾斜面14a(図3参照)上に位置し、押圧部11b、12bは楔部材14に対して相対的に摺動可能となっている。なお、このように楔部材14の先端部を空間に挿入した時点におけるコイルばね131〜133の長さW31〜W33も全て同じ値であり、しかも長さW21〜W23とほぼ同一である。   When the insertion of the blade members 11 and 12 into the hole 21 is completed in this way, as shown in FIG. 6C, a substantially inverted triangular prism (wedge shape) space (illustrated) formed between the pressing portions 11b and 12b. The tip of the wedge member 14 is inserted into (omitted). Accordingly, the inclined surfaces of the pressing portions 11b and 12b are positioned on the inclined surface 14a (see FIG. 3) of the wedge member 14, and the pressing portions 11b and 12b can slide relative to the wedge member 14. Yes. Note that the lengths W31 to W33 of the coil springs 131 to 133 at the time when the leading end portion of the wedge member 14 is inserted into the space are all the same value and substantially the same as the lengths W21 to W23.

ここで、傾斜面14a上での押圧部11b、12bの摺動を円滑なものとするために、羽根部材11、12の間に楔部材14を挿入した後あるいは挿入中にオイル溜り部11e、12eに潤滑オイルを注入して貯留させておくのが望ましい。つまり、オイル溜り部11e、12eに貯留している潤滑オイルが傾斜面14aを介して先端側に供給されて摺動面全体に潤滑オイルが行き渡り、次の楔部材14の圧入を円滑に行うことができ、また後で説明するように、押圧部11b、12bの間からの抜き取りも容易となる。   Here, in order to make the pressing portions 11b and 12b slide smoothly on the inclined surface 14a, the oil reservoir portion 11e, after inserting the wedge member 14 between the blade members 11 and 12 or during the insertion, It is desirable to inject lubricating oil into 12e and store it. That is, the lubricating oil stored in the oil reservoirs 11e and 12e is supplied to the tip side through the inclined surface 14a, and the lubricating oil spreads over the entire sliding surface, so that the next wedge member 14 is smoothly pressed. In addition, as will be described later, it is also easy to extract from between the pressing portions 11b and 12b.

現在割岩対象となっている削孔21への連結体(=羽根部材11、12+連結機構13)の挿入および押圧部11b、12bの間への楔部材14の先端部の挿入が完了すると、オペレータは、挿入空間SPが楔部材14の後端部14bの直上位置に位置するようにブレーカ3を位置決めする。このとき、図4(b)に示すように、楔部材14の軸線AX1とピストン32の軸線AX3とが一致しないことがあるが、本実施形態では一致または不一致状態を問わず、その状態のままブレーカ3を楔部材14の後端部14bに向けて移動させて後端部14bを挿入空間SPに挿入し、打撃伝達部材33の先端面331と楔部材14の後端面14eとを摺接させる。このように、本実施形態では、図4に示すように、打撃伝達部材33の後端面332はピストン32の先端面321と対向し、打撃伝達部材33の先端面331は楔部材14の後端面14eに摺接している。したがって、空打ちを発生させることなくピストン32の打撃力は打撃伝達部材33を介して楔部材14に確実に与えられる。   When the insertion of the connecting body (= blade members 11, 12 + connecting mechanism 13) into the drilling hole 21 currently targeted for the split rock and the insertion of the tip of the wedge member 14 between the pressing portions 11b, 12b are completed, the operator Positions the breaker 3 so that the insertion space SP is positioned immediately above the rear end portion 14 b of the wedge member 14. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4B, the axis AX1 of the wedge member 14 and the axis AX3 of the piston 32 may not coincide with each other. The breaker 3 is moved toward the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14, the rear end portion 14b is inserted into the insertion space SP, and the front end surface 331 of the impact transmission member 33 and the rear end surface 14e of the wedge member 14 are brought into sliding contact. . Thus, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the rear end surface 332 of the impact transmission member 33 faces the front end surface 321 of the piston 32, and the front end surface 331 of the impact transmission member 33 is the rear end surface of the wedge member 14. 14e is in sliding contact. Therefore, the striking force of the piston 32 is reliably applied to the wedge member 14 via the striking transmission member 33 without causing an idling.

こうしてピストン32による打撃を受けた楔部材14が削孔形成方向Xに圧入される。一方、羽根部材11、12は楔部材14の傾斜面14aに対して相対的に摺動しながらそれぞれ(−Y)方向および(+Y)方向に移動して削孔21の内壁を押圧する。これによって、処理対象物2が割岩されて削孔21の周囲が破砕される。また、羽根部材11、12のY方向移動に伴ってコイルばね132の長さW42は圧入前の長さW32よりも長くなるのに対し、他のコイルばね131、133の長さW41、W43は圧入前の長さW31、W33よりも短くなる。このような破砕処理を、ブレーカ3をX方向に移動させながら継続させて破砕範囲を(+X)方向に広げていく。その後で、ピストン32の前後移動を停止させるのに続いてブレーカ3を遊挿した時と逆方向に移動させて楔部材14の後端部14bからシリンダ部31の先端部311を離す。   Thus, the wedge member 14 that has been hit by the piston 32 is press-fitted in the hole forming direction X. On the other hand, the blade members 11 and 12 move in the (−Y) direction and the (+ Y) direction while sliding relative to the inclined surface 14 a of the wedge member 14, respectively, and press the inner wall of the hole 21. As a result, the processing object 2 is split and the periphery of the drilling hole 21 is crushed. Further, as the blade members 11 and 12 move in the Y direction, the length W42 of the coil spring 132 becomes longer than the length W32 before press-fitting, whereas the lengths W41 and W43 of the other coil springs 131 and 133 are It becomes shorter than the lengths W31 and W33 before press-fitting. Such crushing processing is continued while moving the breaker 3 in the X direction, and the crushing range is expanded in the (+ X) direction. Thereafter, the piston 32 is moved in the direction opposite to that when the breaker 3 is loosely inserted after stopping the forward / backward movement of the piston 32, and the distal end portion 311 of the cylinder portion 31 is separated from the rear end portion 14 b of the wedge member 14.

次に、図7(a)に示すように、クレーン車(図示省略)に吊り下げられた引抜工具4を楔部材14の後端部14bに移動させ、楔部材14の後端部14bのうち被把持部14cまでを上方よりキャップ部材41ですっぽりと覆う。そして、係合部材44の(+Y)側端部および係合部材45の(−Y)側端部を凹部14d、14dに進入させて楔部材14の被把持部14cをY方向から挟み込んで把持する(図7(b))。これによって、楔部材14のみが引抜工具4に保持される。その状態のままクレーン車により引抜工具4を引き上げることで、引抜工具4とともに楔部材14が羽根部材11、12の間から引き抜かれる。したがって、破砕処理の終了段階では楔部材14と羽根部材11、12とが比較的強固に密着しているものの、引抜工具4を用いることで上記密着力に打ち勝って楔部材14を削孔21から容易に回収することができる。なお、楔部材14が引き抜かれることで羽根部材11、12が削孔21の内壁に与える押圧力がなくなり、しかも削孔21の周囲はすでに破砕されているため、連結体(=羽根部材11、12+連結機構13)を一体的に処理対象物2から回収することができる。もちろん、ナット135をボルト134の頭部側に送り込んで押圧部11b、12bの幅Wを内径d未満に調整した後で連結体を回収するようにしてもよく、これによって、より円滑な回収が可能となる。   Next, as shown in FIG. 7A, the extraction tool 4 suspended from a crane truck (not shown) is moved to the rear end portion 14 b of the wedge member 14, and the wedge member 14 has a rear end portion 14 b. Cover the gripped portion 14c with the cap member 41 from above. Then, the (+ Y) side end portion of the engaging member 44 and the (−Y) side end portion of the engaging member 45 are advanced into the recesses 14d and 14d, and the gripped portion 14c of the wedge member 14 is sandwiched from the Y direction and gripped. (FIG. 7B). As a result, only the wedge member 14 is held by the extraction tool 4. In this state, the wedge member 14 is pulled out from the blade members 11 and 12 together with the pulling tool 4 by pulling up the pulling tool 4 with a crane truck. Therefore, although the wedge member 14 and the blade members 11 and 12 are relatively firmly in close contact with each other at the end of the crushing process, the wedge member 14 can be removed from the hole 21 by overcoming the contact force by using the extraction tool 4. It can be easily recovered. Since the wedge member 14 is pulled out, there is no pressing force applied to the inner wall of the hole 21 by the blade members 11 and 12, and the periphery of the hole 21 has already been crushed. 12+ coupling mechanism 13) can be recovered from the object to be treated 2 in one piece. Of course, the coupling body may be recovered after the nut 135 is fed to the head side of the bolt 134 and the width W of the pressing portions 11b and 12b is adjusted to be less than the inner diameter d. It becomes possible.

以上のように、本実施形態では、ブレーカ3は、シリンダ部31の内部にピストン32と打撃伝達部材33を設けるとともに、楔部材14の後端面14eが湾曲凸面に仕上げられているのに対応して当該打撃伝達部材33の先端面331を湾曲凹面に仕上げている。そのため、楔部材14の軸線AX1とピストン32の軸線AX3とが一致するか否かを問わず、打撃伝達部材33の先端面331は楔部材14の後端面14eと摺接し、ピストン32は空打ちすることなく打撃伝達部材33を打撃し、その打撃力は打撃伝達部材33を介して楔部材14に与えられる。したがって、ブレーカ3において空打ちが発生するのを確実に防止しながら削孔21の周囲を効率的に破砕することができる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the breaker 3 corresponds to the provision of the piston 32 and the impact transmission member 33 inside the cylinder portion 31 and the rear end surface 14e of the wedge member 14 being finished to a curved convex surface. Thus, the front end surface 331 of the impact transmission member 33 is finished to be a curved concave surface. Therefore, regardless of whether the axis AX1 of the wedge member 14 and the axis AX3 of the piston 32 coincide with each other, the front end surface 331 of the impact transmission member 33 is in sliding contact with the rear end surface 14e of the wedge member 14, and the piston 32 is idled. The hit transmission member 33 is hit without being hit, and the hitting force is applied to the wedge member 14 via the hit transmission member 33. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently crush the periphery of the hole 21 while reliably preventing the occurrence of idling in the breaker 3.

また、楔部材14の後端部14bと挿入空間SPの内壁との隙間をOリング34によって塞いでいるため、シリンダ部31の内部で発生する打撃音が漏れるのを抑制し、打撃による騒音を効率的に抑制することができる。   Further, since the gap between the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 and the inner wall of the insertion space SP is closed by the O-ring 34, it is possible to suppress the impact sound generated inside the cylinder portion 31 from leaking and to reduce the noise caused by the impact. It can be suppressed efficiently.

また、本実施形態では、打撃伝達部材33の先端面331と楔部材14の後端面14eとを摺接させながら当該摺接面を介してピストン32の打撃を楔部材14に与えるように構成しているため、先端面331が湾曲凹面に仕上げられた打撃伝達部材33では、次のような問題が発生することがある。つまり、ピストン32による打撃が加えられている間に、打撃伝達部材33の先端周縁部が径方向に変形して挿入空間SPの内壁に係合する可能性がある。このような係合現象が発生すると、破砕作業を中断する必要があり、作業効率の低下を招く。しかしながら、本実施形態では、打撃伝達部材33の先端部330は打撃伝達部材33の先端面331に向かって先細り形状となっているため、打撃伝達部材33の先端周縁部が多少変形しても挿入空間SPの内壁に係合することはなく、破砕作業を継続して行うことができる。その結果、作業効率を向上させることが可能となっている。   In the present embodiment, the striking force of the piston 32 is applied to the wedge member 14 through the sliding contact surface while the leading end surface 331 of the striking transmission member 33 and the rear end surface 14e of the wedge member 14 are in sliding contact with each other. Therefore, the following problem may occur in the impact transmission member 33 in which the distal end surface 331 is finished to be a curved concave surface. That is, while the impact by the piston 32 is being applied, there is a possibility that the tip peripheral portion of the impact transmission member 33 is deformed in the radial direction and engages with the inner wall of the insertion space SP. When such an engagement phenomenon occurs, it is necessary to interrupt the crushing work, resulting in a reduction in work efficiency. However, in the present embodiment, the distal end portion 330 of the impact transmission member 33 is tapered toward the distal end surface 331 of the impact transmission member 33, so that the insertion is performed even if the distal end peripheral portion of the impact transmission member 33 is slightly deformed. The crushing operation can be continued without engaging the inner wall of the space SP. As a result, work efficiency can be improved.

さらに、仮に打撃伝達部材33の先端周縁部が挿入空間SPの内壁に係合したとしても、フック137を用いることで打撃伝達部材33を容易に引き抜き可能となっている。例えば図8(a)に示すように、挿入空間SPから楔部材14を抜き、建設車両5のブラケット52を横向きにして処理対象物2の表面上に載置した後でフック137を挿入空間SPに挿入し、打撃伝達部材33に螺着する。そして、同図(b)に示すようにワイヤーなどでフック137を横方向に引っ張ることで打撃伝達部材33をフック137とともに一体的に打撃伝達部材33のシリンダ部31から引き抜くことができる。   Furthermore, even if the tip peripheral portion of the impact transmission member 33 is engaged with the inner wall of the insertion space SP, the impact transmission member 33 can be easily pulled out by using the hook 137. For example, as shown in FIG. 8A, the wedge member 14 is pulled out from the insertion space SP, and the hook 137 is inserted into the insertion space SP after placing the bracket 52 of the construction vehicle 5 sideways on the surface of the object 2 to be processed. And screwed into the impact transmission member 33. Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, the impact transmitting member 33 can be pulled out from the cylinder portion 31 of the impact transmitting member 33 together with the hook 137 by pulling the hook 137 laterally with a wire or the like.

なお、本発明は上記した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない限りにおいて上述したもの以外に種々の変更を行うことが可能である。例えば上記実施形態では、1つの削孔21に対して上記工程(2)〜(6)を連続的に実行しているが、それらの工程の全部あるいは一部を並行して行ってもよい。例えば図9に示すように、複数の削孔21を形成するとともに割岩工具1を5セット準備しておき、以下の工程を並行して行ってもよい。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications other than those described above can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the above steps (2) to (6) are continuously executed for one drilling hole 21, but all or a part of these steps may be performed in parallel. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of drill holes 21 may be formed and five sets of the split rock tool 1 may be prepared, and the following steps may be performed in parallel.

・最前列の左から1番目の削孔21aに羽根部材11、12(連結機構13の図示を省略)を挿入する、
・最前列の左から2番目の削孔21bに挿入された羽根部材11、12の間に楔部材14の先端部を挿入する、
・最前列の左から3番目の削孔21cについて、上記楔部材14の後端部14bをブレーカ3(図1、図3)のピストンで打撃して楔部材14の先端部を圧入することで割岩する、
・最前列の左から4番目の削孔21dに挿入された楔部材14の後端部14bからブレーカ3を取り外す、
・最前列の左から5番目の削孔21eに挿入された楔部材14の後端部14bに引抜工具4をセットし、引抜工具4を用いて楔部材14を引き抜いた後で羽根部材11、12を回収する、
という工程を並行して行うことで、破砕処理の効率をさらに高めることができる。
-Insert the blade members 11 and 12 (illustration of the coupling mechanism 13 is omitted) into the first drilling hole 21a from the left in the front row,
-Insert the tip of the wedge member 14 between the blade members 11 and 12 inserted in the second drilling hole 21b from the left in the front row,
-For the third drilling hole 21c from the left in the front row, the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 is struck by the piston of the breaker 3 (FIGS. 1 and 3) to press-fit the front end portion of the wedge member 14. Split rock,
The breaker 3 is removed from the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 inserted into the fourth drilling hole 21d from the left in the front row,
The blade member 11 after the extraction tool 4 is set on the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 inserted into the fifth drilling hole 21e from the left in the front row, and the wedge member 14 is extracted using the extraction tool 4. Collect 12
By performing these processes in parallel, the efficiency of the crushing process can be further increased.

また、列状に設けられた複数の削孔21の各々に羽根部材11、12を挿入するとともに羽根部材11、12の間に楔部材14の先端部を挿入した後で、列状に並ぶ楔部材14のうち一方端の楔部材14から順番に他方端側に向けてブレーカ3を移動させながら当該移動毎に、シリンダ部31の先端部311に楔部材14の後端部14bを挿入する動作、当該楔部材14を打撃する動作および楔部材14の後端部14bからシリンダ部31の先端部311を取り外す動作を行って広範囲にわたる破砕作業を行ってもよい。   In addition, after inserting the blade members 11 and 12 into each of the plurality of drilling holes 21 provided in a row and inserting the tip of the wedge member 14 between the blade members 11 and 12, the wedges arranged in a row The operation of inserting the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 into the front end portion 311 of the cylinder portion 31 while moving the breaker 3 sequentially from the wedge member 14 at one end of the member 14 toward the other end side. A wide range of crushing operations may be performed by performing an operation of striking the wedge member 14 and an operation of removing the front end portion 311 of the cylinder portion 31 from the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14.

また、上記実施形態では、2枚の羽根部材11、12を含む割岩工具1を用いて岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの処理対象物2を割岩して破砕する技術に本発明を適用しているが、羽根部材の枚数は「2」に限定されるものではなく、3以上の場合も同様である。また、羽根部材の構成についても任意であり、複数の羽根部材の間に楔部材の先端部を圧入することにより各羽根部材を削孔の内壁に押し付けて割岩する技術、例えば特許第4961574号、特許第5034001号などにも適用することができる。また、連結機構13によって複数の羽根部材を相互に連結することは必須事項ではない。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, this invention is applied to the technique which uses the split rock tool 1 containing the two blade members 11 and 12 and breaks and crushes the process target objects 2, such as a rock, a rock, and a concrete structure. However, the number of blade members is not limited to “2”, and the same applies to the case of 3 or more. In addition, the configuration of the blade member is also arbitrary, and a technique of pressing each blade member against the inner wall of the drilling hole by press-fitting the tip of the wedge member between the plurality of blade members, for example, Japanese Patent No. 4951574, This can also be applied to Japanese Patent No. 5033401. Further, it is not essential to connect the plurality of blade members to each other by the connecting mechanism 13.

また、上記実施形態では、楔部材14の後端面14eが湾曲凸面に形成されるのに対応して打撃伝達部材33の先端面331を湾曲凹面に仕上げているが、面形状を逆転させてもよい。例えば図10に示すように、楔部材14の後端面14eおよび打撃伝達部材33の先端面331をそれぞれ湾曲凹面および湾曲凸面に形成してもよい。このように構成した場合にも、第1実施形態と同様に、湾曲凹面を有する楔部材14の後端部14bが楔部材14の後端面14eに向かって先細り形状となるように構成している。このため、ピストン32による打撃が加えられている間に、楔部材14の後端部14bの周縁部が径方向に変形したとしても、挿入空間SPの内壁に係合するのが効果的に防止される。その結果、破砕作業を継続して行うことができ、作業効率を向上させることが可能である。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the front end surface 331 of the hit | damage transmission member 33 is finished in a curved concave surface corresponding to the rear-end surface 14e of the wedge member 14 being formed in a curved convex surface, even if it reverses a surface shape Good. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the rear end surface 14e of the wedge member 14 and the front end surface 331 of the impact transmission member 33 may be formed as a curved concave surface and a curved convex surface, respectively. Even in such a configuration, similarly to the first embodiment, the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 having a curved concave surface is configured to be tapered toward the rear end surface 14e of the wedge member 14. . For this reason, even when the peripheral edge portion of the rear end portion 14b of the wedge member 14 is deformed in the radial direction while the piston 32 is hit, it is effectively prevented from engaging with the inner wall of the insertion space SP. Is done. As a result, the crushing work can be continued and the work efficiency can be improved.

さらに、上記実施形態では、湾曲凹面および湾曲凸面の曲率半径を一致させることは必須要件ではないが、楔部材14の後端面14eおよび打撃伝達部材33の先端面331を摺接させるためには、湾曲凹面の曲率半径の絶対値が湾曲凸面の曲率半径の絶対値以上となるように設定する必要がある。   Furthermore, in the above embodiment, it is not essential to make the curved concave surface and the curved convex surface have the same radius of curvature, but in order to make the rear end surface 14e of the wedge member 14 and the front end surface 331 of the impact transmitting member 33 slidably contact each other, It is necessary to set the absolute value of the radius of curvature of the curved concave surface to be equal to or greater than the absolute value of the radius of curvature of the curved convex surface.

以上説明したように、上記実施形態では、羽根部材11にとって(−Y)方向が本発明の「削孔の径方向外側」に相当し、羽根部材12にとって(+Y)方向が本発明の「削孔の径方向外側」に相当している。(+X)方向および(−X)方向が本発明の「前後方向」に相当している。   As described above, in the above embodiment, the (−Y) direction corresponds to the “radially outer side of the drilling hole” of the present invention for the blade member 11, and the (+ Y) direction of the blade member 12 corresponds to the “cutting direction” of the present invention. This corresponds to “the radially outer side of the hole”. The (+ X) direction and the (−X) direction correspond to the “front-rear direction” of the present invention.

この発明は、岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの処理対象物に形成される削孔に対して複数の羽根部材を挿入するとともにそれらの羽根部材の間に先細り形状を有する楔部材の先端部を圧入することで羽根部材を削孔の内壁に押圧させて割岩する技術全般に適用することができる。   In the present invention, a plurality of blade members are inserted into a drilling hole formed in a processing object such as a rock mass, a rock, or a concrete structure, and a tip portion of a wedge member having a tapered shape is provided between the blade members. By press-fitting, the blade member can be pressed against the inner wall of the drilling hole, and can be applied to all techniques for splitting rocks.

1…割岩工具
2…処理対象物
3…ブレーカ
11,12…羽根部材
11b,12b…押圧部
14…楔部材
14a…(楔部材の)傾斜面
14b…(楔部材の)後端部
14e…(楔部材の)後端面
31…シリンダ部
32…ピストン
33…打撃伝達部材(中間ロッド)
34…Oリング(シール部材)
311…(シリンダ部の)先端部
321…(ピストンの)先端面
330…(打撃伝達部材の)先端部
331…(打撃伝達部材の)先端面
332…(打撃伝達部材の)後端面
21,21a〜21e…削孔
SP…挿入空間
X…削孔形成方向
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Split rock tool 2 ... Processing object 3 ... Breaker 11, 12 ... Blade | wing member 11b, 12b ... Press part 14 ... Wedge member 14a ... (Wedge member) inclined surface 14b ... (Wedge member) rear end part 14e ... ( Rear end surface 31 of the wedge member 31 ... Cylinder portion 32 ... Piston 33 ... Heat transmission member (intermediate rod)
34 ... O-ring (seal member)
311... (Cylinder portion) tip 321... (Piston) tip surface 330... (Tilt transmission member) tip portion 331... (Stroke transmission member) tip surface 332. -21e ... drilling hole SP ... insertion space X ... drilling direction

Claims (6)

先細り形状の先端部を有する楔部材の後端部に打撃を与えて前記楔部材の先端部を処理対象物の削孔に挿入された複数の羽根部材の間に圧入することで、前記楔部材の先端部に形成される傾斜面に対して複数の羽根部材を相対的に摺動させながら前記削孔の径方向外側に移動させて前記削孔の内壁を押圧し、前記削孔の周囲を破砕するブレーカであって、
前記楔部材の後端部を遊挿可能な挿入空間が先端部に設けられるシリンダ部と、
前記シリンダ部の内部で前後方向に往復するピストンと、
前記シリンダ部の内部で前記ピストンと前記挿入空間との間に配置され、前記挿入空間に遊挿された前記楔部材の後端面に先端面を当接させながら前記ピストンによる打撃を後端面で受けることにより、前記ピストンによる打撃を前記楔部材に伝達する打撃伝達部材とを備え、
前記楔部材の後端面が湾曲凸面となっているのに対応し、前記打撃伝達部材の先端部は前記打撃伝達部材の先端面に向かって先細り形状となるとともに前記打撃伝達部材の先端面は前記楔部材の後端面と摺接可能な湾曲凹面となっていることを特徴とするブレーカ。
The wedge member is hit by striking a rear end portion of a wedge member having a tapered tip portion and press-fitting the front end portion of the wedge member between a plurality of blade members inserted into a hole to be processed. While sliding a plurality of blade members relative to the inclined surface formed at the tip of the hole, the blade is moved radially outward of the hole to press the inner wall of the hole, and around the hole. A breaker to crush,
A cylinder portion in which an insertion space into which a rear end portion of the wedge member can be loosely inserted is provided at a tip portion;
A piston that reciprocates in the front-rear direction inside the cylinder portion;
Inside the cylinder portion, the piston is disposed between the piston and the insertion space, and the rear end surface receives the impact by the piston while the front end surface is in contact with the rear end surface of the wedge member loosely inserted into the insertion space. A striking transmission member that transmits striking by the piston to the wedge member,
Corresponding to the rear end surface of the wedge member being a curved convex surface, the front end portion of the hit transmission member is tapered toward the front end surface of the hit transmission member, and the front end surface of the hit transmission member is A breaker having a curved concave surface capable of sliding contact with a rear end surface of a wedge member.
請求項1に記載のブレーカであって、
前記打撃伝達部材は、前記打撃伝達部材の先端面の一部に形成され、前記挿入空間に前記楔部材の後端部が挿入されていない状態で前記挿入空間に挿入される引き抜き部材の後端部と係合可能な凹部を有し、
前記凹部に前記引き抜き部材の後端部を係合させながら前記引き抜き部材と一体的に前記打撃伝達部材を前記挿入空間から引抜可能となっているブレーカ。
The breaker according to claim 1,
The batting transmission member is formed at a part of a front end surface of the batting transmission member, and is a rear end of the pulling member inserted into the insertion space in a state where the rear end portion of the wedge member is not inserted into the insertion space. Having a recess engageable with the portion,
A breaker capable of pulling out the impact transmitting member from the insertion space integrally with the pulling member while engaging a rear end portion of the pulling member with the recess.
シリンダ部の内部で前後方向にピストンを往復させることで先細り形状の先端部を有する楔部材の後端部に打撃を与えて前記楔部材の先端部を処理対象物の削孔に挿入された複数の羽根部材の間に圧入することで前記楔部材の先端部に形成される傾斜面に対して複数の羽根部材を相対的に摺動させながら前記削孔の径方向外側に移動させて前記削孔の内壁を押圧して前記削孔の周囲を破砕する、ブレーカにおいて前記ピストンによる打撃を前記楔部材に伝達する打撃伝達部材であって、
前記シリンダ部の先端部において前記楔部材の後端部が遊挿可能となっている挿入空間と前記ピストンとの間に配置される中間ロッドを備え、
前記中間ロッドの先端部が前記中間ロッドの先端面に向かって先細り形状を有し、
前記中間ロッドの前記先端面が、前記楔部材の後端面が湾曲凸面となっているのに対応して前記楔部材の前記後端面と摺接可能な湾曲凹面となっており、
前記中間ロッドの後端面で受けた前記ピストンからの打撃を前記中間ロッドの前記先端面を介して前記楔部材に伝達することを特徴とする打撃伝達部材。
A plurality of pistons having a taper-shaped tip portion are struck by reciprocating the piston in the front-rear direction inside the cylinder portion so that the tip end portion of the wedge member is inserted into a hole to be processed. The blades are pressed between the blade members so that the blade members are moved radially outward of the hole while sliding the blade members relative to the inclined surface formed at the tip of the wedge member. An impact transmitting member that presses the inner wall of the hole to crush the periphery of the drilled hole and transmits the impact of the piston to the wedge member in a breaker,
An intermediate rod disposed between the piston and the insertion space in which the rear end of the wedge member is freely insertable at the tip of the cylinder portion;
The tip of the intermediate rod has a tapered shape toward the tip of the intermediate rod;
The front end surface of the intermediate rod is a curved concave surface capable of sliding contact with the rear end surface of the wedge member corresponding to the rear end surface of the wedge member being a curved convex surface,
A striking member that transmits striking from the piston received on the rear end surface of the intermediate rod to the wedge member via the front end surface of the intermediate rod.
請求項1または2に記載のブレーカを用いて処理対象物を破砕する破砕方法であって、
処理対象物に形成された削孔に複数の羽根部材を挿入する工程と、
前記削孔に挿入された前記複数の羽根部材の間に、後端面が湾曲凸面となっている楔部材の先細り形状の先端部を挿入する工程と、
前記先端部が前記複数の羽根部材の間に挿入された前記楔部材の後端部を前記ブレーカの前記挿入空間に挿入して前記打撃伝達部材の先端面を前記楔部材の後端面に摺接させる工程と、
前記打撃伝達部材の先端面と前記楔部材の後端面とを互いに摺接させながら前記打撃伝達部材を介して前記楔部材の後端部を前記ブレーカの前記ピストンで打撃して前記削孔の周囲を破砕する工程と
を備えることを特徴とする破砕方法。
A crushing method for crushing an object to be processed using the breaker according to claim 1 or 2,
Inserting a plurality of blade members into a hole formed in the processing object;
Inserting a tapered tip end portion of a wedge member having a curved convex surface at the rear end surface between the plurality of blade members inserted into the hole; and
The wedge member inserted into the insertion space of the breaker with the tip portion inserted between the plurality of blade members is inserted into the insertion space of the breaker, and the tip surface of the impact transmission member is in sliding contact with the wedge member rear end surface. A process of
The rear end part of the wedge member is struck by the piston of the breaker through the hit transmission member while the front end surface of the hit transmission member and the rear end surface of the wedge member are in sliding contact with each other. Crushing method characterized by including the process of crushing.
先細り形状を有し、処理対象物に形成された削孔に対して先端部を挿脱可能な楔部材と、前記楔部材の先端部に形成される傾斜面に対して摺動可能に設けられ、前記削孔への前記楔部材の挿入に伴い前記傾斜面上を相対的に摺動しながら前記削孔の径方向外側に移動して前記削孔の内壁を押圧する、複数の羽根部材とを備え、ブレーカのシリンダ部の内部で前後方向に往復するピストンの打撃が打撃伝達部材を介して前記楔部材の後端部に与えられることで、前記楔部材の先端部を処理対象物の削孔に挿入された複数の羽根部材の間に圧入することで前記楔部材の先端部に形成される傾斜面に対して複数の羽根部材を相対的に摺動させながら前記削孔の径方向外側に移動させて前記削孔の内壁を押圧して前記削孔の周囲を破砕する割岩工具であって、
前記楔部材の後端部は前記楔部材の後端面に向かって先細り形状を有するとともに前記シリンダ部の先端部に設けられる挿入空間に遊挿可能となっており、
前記楔部材の後端面が、前記打撃伝達部材の先端面が湾曲凸面となっているのに対応して前記打撃伝達部材の先端面と摺接可能な湾曲凹面となっており、
前記楔部材は前記打撃伝達部材より伝達される打撃を前記楔部材の後端面で受け取ることを特徴とする割岩工具。
A wedge member having a tapered shape and capable of being inserted into and removed from a drilled hole formed in the object to be processed, and slidable with respect to an inclined surface formed at the tip of the wedge member. A plurality of blade members that move radially outward of the drilling hole and press the inner wall of the drilling hole while relatively sliding on the inclined surface with the insertion of the wedge member into the drilling hole; And the impact of the piston reciprocating in the front-rear direction inside the cylinder portion of the breaker is applied to the rear end portion of the wedge member via the impact transmission member, so that the front end portion of the wedge member is scraped off the object to be processed. A radially outer side of the drilling hole while relatively sliding the plurality of blade members with respect to the inclined surface formed at the tip of the wedge member by press-fitting between the plurality of blade members inserted into the holes. With a swarf tool that crushes the periphery of the hole by pressing the inner wall of the hole I,
The rear end portion of the wedge member has a tapered shape toward the rear end surface of the wedge member and can be loosely inserted into an insertion space provided at the front end portion of the cylinder portion.
The rear end surface of the wedge member is a curved concave surface that can be slidably contacted with the front end surface of the hit transmission member in correspondence with the front end surface of the hit transmission member being a curved convex surface,
The wedge member receives a striking force transmitted from the striking force transmitting member at a rear end surface of the wedge member.
請求項5に記載の割岩工具を用いて処理対象物を破砕する破砕方法であって、
前記楔部材の後端部を遊挿可能な挿入空間が先端部に設けられるシリンダ部と、前記シリンダ部の内部で前後方向に往復するピストンと、前記シリンダ部の内部で前記ピストンと前記挿入空間との間に配置されて前記ピストンによる打撃を湾曲凸面形状の先端面を介して前記楔部材に伝達する打撃伝達部材とを備えるブレーカを準備する工程と、
前記処理対象物に形成された削孔に前記複数の羽根部材を挿入する工程と、
前記削孔に挿入された前記複数の羽根部材の間に、前記楔部材の先細り形状の先端部を挿入する工程と、
前記先端部が前記複数の羽根部材の間に挿入された前記楔部材の後端部を前記ブレーカの前記挿入空間に挿入して前記打撃伝達部材の先端面を前記楔部材の後端面に摺接させる工程と、
前記打撃伝達部材の先端面と前記楔部材の後端面とを互いに摺接させながら前記打撃伝達部材を介して前記楔部材の後端部を前記ブレーカのピストンで打撃して前記削孔の周囲を破砕する工程と
を備えることを特徴とする破砕方法。
A crushing method for crushing an object to be processed using the swarf tool according to claim 5,
A cylinder portion in which an insertion space into which a rear end portion of the wedge member can be loosely inserted is provided at a distal end portion, a piston that reciprocates in the front-rear direction inside the cylinder portion, and the piston and the insertion space inside the cylinder portion A breaker provided with a striking transmission member that is disposed between the striking member and transmits the striking by the piston to the wedge member through a curved convex tip surface;
Inserting the plurality of blade members into the hole formed in the processing object;
Inserting a tapered tip of the wedge member between the plurality of blade members inserted in the hole; and
The wedge member inserted into the insertion space of the breaker with the tip portion inserted between the plurality of blade members is inserted into the insertion space of the breaker, and the tip surface of the impact transmission member is in sliding contact with the wedge member rear end surface. A process of
The rear end portion of the wedge member is struck by the piston of the breaker through the hit transmission member while the front end surface of the hit transmission member and the rear end surface of the wedge member are in sliding contact with each other. A crushing method comprising the step of crushing.
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