JP5857095B2 - モリブデンベースの触媒を用いることにより再生可能な起源の流出物を優れた品質の燃料に転化する方法 - Google Patents
モリブデンベースの触媒を用いることにより再生可能な起源の流出物を優れた品質の燃料に転化する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5857095B2 JP5857095B2 JP2014141873A JP2014141873A JP5857095B2 JP 5857095 B2 JP5857095 B2 JP 5857095B2 JP 2014141873 A JP2014141873 A JP 2014141873A JP 2014141873 A JP2014141873 A JP 2014141873A JP 5857095 B2 JP5857095 B2 JP 5857095B2
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- hydrodeoxygenation
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/28—Molybdenum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/04—Sulfides
- B01J27/047—Sulfides with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
- B01J27/051—Molybdenum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/188—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
- B01J27/19—Molybdenum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/74—Noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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Description
1)水の形成:水/炭素酸化物混合物は、方法中の材料に有害であるさらなる炭素腐食のために当業者に周知である;
2)炭素酸化物を除去するための再利用される水素の精製;これは、例えば、アミンによる洗浄および/またはメタン化を強制的なものにするさらなる工程を必要とし得る;
3)これらの反応と関連した水素消費の増加
を生じさせる。
− 水素化脱酸素:これは、水素消費による水の形成および最初の脂肪酸鎖の炭素数に等しい炭素数を有する炭化水素の形成をもたらす、
− 脱炭酸/脱カルボニル化:これは、炭素酸化物(一酸化炭素COおよび二酸化炭素CO2)の形成および最初の脂肪酸鎖より1炭素少ない炭素数を有する炭化水素の形成をもたらす。
a)最初の脂肪酸鎖の炭素原子数に等しい炭素原子数;もし、機構がカルボキシ基からアルキル基への水素化脱酸素機構であるならば、水素化脱酸素は、水素の消費により水の形成をもたらす;
b)最初の脂肪酸鎖より1つ少ない炭素を含有する炭化水素鎖;用いられる機構が、脱炭酸/脱カルボニル化であるならば、当該機構は、炭素酸化物(一酸化炭素COおよび二酸化炭素CO2)の形成をもたらす;
c)軽油についての強制規格に適合する低温時特性に対する抵抗性およびセタン価を得るために調節される炭化水素の分枝の程度。
によって特徴付けられる
従来技術から、2つの転化方法a)およびb)、すなわち、水素化脱酸素および脱炭酸/脱カルボニル化が通常硫化物触媒の存在下に共存することが知られている。
1)燃料、軽油および灯油ベースの収率を最大にすること、
2)炭素腐食を制限すること、
3)再利用水素の精製を促進すること
4)付加価値なしに反応のための水素消費の増加を引き起こすメタン化反応を制限すること
を可能にする。
− その硫黄含有量は10重量ppm未満である;
− その芳香族化合物全含有量は5重量%未満であり、多芳香族化合物の含有量は2重量%未満である;
− セタン価は優れており55超である;
− 密度は、840kg/m3未満、最も頻繁には820kg/m3超である;
− 40℃におけるその動粘性率は2〜8mm2/sである;
− 低温時特性(cold property)に対するその抵抗性は、強制基準に適合し、目詰まり点(cold filter-plugging point)は−15℃以下であり、曇り点(cloud point)は−5℃以下である。
− 密度:775〜840kg/m3
− −20℃における粘度:8mm2/s未満
− 氷点(freezing point):−47℃未満
− 引火点(flash point):38℃超
− 煙点(smoke point):25mm超
(発明の説明)
本発明は、硫黄含有の第VIB族元素によって構成される活性相を含む担持型または非担持型の触媒であって、該第VIB族元素はモリブデンであり、前記触媒は、担持型触媒の場合、触媒の全質量に関して前記第VIB族元素の酸化物の重量で17〜35%の第VIB族元素含有量を有し、リン、ホウ素およびケイ素から選択されたドープ元素を前記担体上に担持されてさらに含む、触媒に関する。
本発明による水素化脱酸素法からの流出物は、次いで、少なくとも1回の分離工程、好ましくは、気/液分離工程および水および少なくとも1種の液体炭化水素ベースの分離工程を経、前記工程は、適宜のものであり、任意の順序で行われる。
本発明による水素化脱酸素法に由来する適宜の分離工程および/または適宜の水素化異性化工程の間に分離された水素を含有するガスは、必要ならば、有利には、少なくとも一部加工処理されて、その軽質留分(C1〜C4)の含有量が低減させられる。
(水素化脱酸素:本発明に合致するMoP/Al2O3触媒および本発明に合致しないNiMoP/Al2O3触媒の性能の比較)
50mL/hの予備精製されたアブラナ油が、100mLの水素化処理触媒を充填された固定床を有する等温反応器に導入される。アブラナ油の密度は920kg/m3であり、硫黄含有量は10重量ppm未満であり、セタン価は35である。装入材料の立方メートル当たり700Nm3の水素が、反応器に導入され、該反応器は、300℃の温度および5MPaの圧力に維持される。本発明に合致するMoP/Al2O3触媒(HDT1)と本発明と合致しないNiMoP/Al2O3(HDT2)触媒とを比較するために用いられるアブラナ油装入材料の主要な特徴が表1に列挙される。
工程a)からの水素化処理された流出物の全てが、水素を豊富に含むガスと液体の軽油ベースとを回収するために分離される。
水素化異性化触媒は、貴金属と一次元10MR ZBM−30ゼオライトとを含有する触媒である。この触媒は、以降に記載される方法を経由して得られる。ZBM−30ゼオライトは、BASF Patent EP-A-46504に従ってトリエチレンテトラミン有機構造化を用いて合成される。合成からの粗製ZBM−30ゼオライトは、乾燥空気流中550℃での12時間にわたる焼成を経る。こうして得られたH−ZBM−30ゼオライト(酸型)は、45のSi/Al比を有する。ゼオライトは、会社Condea-Sasolによって供給されるタイプSB3アルミナゲルと混合される。混合されたペースト状物は、次いで、直径1.4mmのダイを通して押し出される。こうして得られた押出物は、500℃で2時間にわたり空気中で焼成される。H−ZBM−3の重量含有量は20重量%である。担体押出物は、次いで、白金塩Pt(NH3)4 2+,2OH−の水溶液による乾式含浸工程を経、それらは、次いで、水を有する浸漬ドラム(soaking drum)中24時間にわたる周囲温度での熟成工程を経、次いで、2時間にわたって乾燥空気中通過床において500℃で焼成される(分当たり5℃の速さでの昇温勾配)。最終触媒の白金の重量含有量は、焼成の後、0.48%である。
− HSV(装入材料の容積/触媒の容積/時)=1h−1
− 全操作圧力:5MPa
− 水素/装入材料の比:700標準リットル/リットル
温度は、水素化異性化の間に5重量%未満の150℃+フラクションの150℃−フラクションへの転化を引き出すように調節される。試験に先行して、触媒は、以下の操作条件下に還元工程を経る:
− 水素流量:1時間当たりおよび触媒の容積(リットル)当たり1600標準リットル
− 周囲温度の120℃への上昇:10℃/分
− 1時間にわたる120℃での平坦域
− 120℃から450℃への5℃/分での上昇
− 2時間にわたる450℃での平坦域
− 圧力:0.1MPa
水素化異性化された流出物は、次いで、焼成される。燃料収率および燃料特性は、表3、4および5に与えられる。
Claims (12)
- 90%以上の水素化脱酸素生成物収率を伴って再生可能な源からの装入材料の水素化脱酸素の方法であって、120〜450℃の温度、1〜10MPaの圧力、0.1〜10h−1の毎時空間速度で、水素/装入材料の比が装入材料の体積(m3)当たり水素50〜3000Nm3になるように装入材料に混合された水素の全量の存在下に、硫黄含有の第VIB族元素1種によって構成された活性相を含む担持型または非担持型の触媒であって、該第VIB族元素はモリブデンであり、担持型触媒の場合、触媒の全質量に関して第VIB族元素の酸化物の重量で17〜35%の第VIB族元素含有量を有し、リン、ホウ素およびケイ素から選択されるドープ元素を前記担持型触媒の担体に担持させてさらに含む触媒を用い、非担持型触媒の場合、触媒の全質量に関して第VIB族元素の酸化物の重量で92〜100%の第VIB族元素含有量を有し、リン、ホウ素およびケイ素から選択されるドープ元素を前記活性相上に担持させてさらに含む触媒を用い、当該水素化脱酸素に由来する流出物は、気/液分離工程および水および少なくとも1種の液体炭化水素ベースの分離工程を経、前記液体炭化水素ベースから窒素性化合物を除去する工程が、前記水分離工程後に行われる、方法。
- 前記触媒は、アルミナ、シリカ、シリカ−アルミナ、マグネシア、粘土およびこれらの材料の少なくとも2種の混合物によって形成される群から選択される無定形無機担体を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒は、アルミナ無定形無機担体を含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒は、アルミナ単独によって構成された無定形無機担体を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記触媒は、リンを含有し、リン含有量は、触媒の全質量に関して酸化物P2O5の重量で厳密に0.5%超かつ8重量%以下である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 水素化脱酸素生成物の前記収率は、96%超である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記方法は、固定床において行われる、請求項1〜6のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記方法は、沸騰床において行われる、請求項1〜6のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 水素化脱酸素に由来する流出物は、少なくとも1回の分離工程を経る、請求項1〜8のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 窒素性有機化合物の除去工程の終了時に得られた液体炭化水素ベースの少なくとも一部は、水素化異性化触媒の存在下に水素化異性化される、請求項1〜9のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記水素化異性化触媒は、水素化脱水素化機能としての少なくとも1種の第VIII族金属および/または少なくとも1種の第VIB族金属と、水素化異性化機能としての少なくとも1種の無定形無機担体を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記水素化異性化触媒は、白金によって構成される活性金属相およびZBM−30ベースの水素化異性化機能を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
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JP2014141873A Active JP5857095B2 (ja) | 2008-12-23 | 2014-07-10 | モリブデンベースの触媒を用いることにより再生可能な起源の流出物を優れた品質の燃料に転化する方法 |
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EP (1) | EP2210663B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP2010149118A (ja) |
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CN (1) | CN101773843B (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0905144B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2688819C (ja) |
DK (1) | DK2210663T3 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2940144B1 (ja) |
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DK2210663T3 (da) | 2020-05-11 |
FR2940144A1 (fr) | 2010-06-25 |
KR20100074025A (ko) | 2010-07-01 |
US20100163458A1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
US8546626B2 (en) | 2013-10-01 |
CA2688819C (fr) | 2016-12-06 |
CA2688819A1 (fr) | 2010-06-23 |
KR101638633B1 (ko) | 2016-07-11 |
SG182952A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
BRPI0905144A2 (pt) | 2011-03-22 |
JP2010149118A (ja) | 2010-07-08 |
EP2210663A1 (fr) | 2010-07-28 |
CN101773843A (zh) | 2010-07-14 |
BRPI0905144B1 (pt) | 2018-01-16 |
MY157265A (en) | 2016-05-31 |
FR2940144B1 (fr) | 2016-01-22 |
CN101773843B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
SG162705A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
EP2210663B1 (fr) | 2020-02-19 |
JP2014224262A (ja) | 2014-12-04 |
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