JP5851153B2 - Foamable oil-in-water emulsion - Google Patents

Foamable oil-in-water emulsion Download PDF

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JP5851153B2
JP5851153B2 JP2011175659A JP2011175659A JP5851153B2 JP 5851153 B2 JP5851153 B2 JP 5851153B2 JP 2011175659 A JP2011175659 A JP 2011175659A JP 2011175659 A JP2011175659 A JP 2011175659A JP 5851153 B2 JP5851153 B2 JP 5851153B2
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岳文 田村
岳文 田村
濱田 聡
聡 濱田
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Adeka Corp
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Description

本発明は、起泡性水中油型乳化物又はそれを起泡してなるホイップドクリームに関する。   The present invention relates to a foamable oil-in-water emulsion or a whipped cream obtained by foaming the same.

生クリームは牛乳から遠心分離によって作られ、乳風味・コク味の点で他に類するものがない程優れているとされる。このうち油分含有量が40%以上の生クリームは良好な起泡性を有することから、起泡(ホイップ)させることで『ホイップドクリーム』として製菓、製パン用途に広く使用され、特に油分含有量が48%のものが最適の起泡性を有していることから、45〜48%程度の生クリームがこの用途に広く使用されている(非特許文献1参照)。   Fresh cream is made by centrifuging milk and is said to be as excellent as anything else in terms of milk flavor and richness. Of these, fresh cream with an oil content of 40% or more has good foaming properties, so it is widely used for confectionery and bakery as whipped cream, especially when it contains oil. Since the amount of 48% has optimum foaming properties, about 45 to 48% of fresh cream is widely used for this purpose (see Non-Patent Document 1).

しかし、生クリームはホイップ前の状態では、保存中の品温上昇や輸送中の振動によってボテと呼ばれる急激な粘度の上昇や固化が起こりやすく、保存時の乳化安定性や取り扱い面でも問題があった。また、ホイップ時では最適なオーバーランを得ることのできる終点幅が短いために大量生産では非常に扱いづらいものであった。   However, when the cream is in a state before whipping, it is easy to cause a sudden increase in viscosity called solidification and solidification due to an increase in product temperature during storage and vibration during transportation, and there are problems with emulsion stability and handling during storage. It was. In addition, at the time of whipping, the end point width at which the optimum overrun can be obtained is short, so that it is very difficult to handle in mass production.

そのため、乳脂肪の全部を植物油脂に置き換え、乳蛋白質、乳化剤、水等を加え乳化した水中油型乳化物が開発された。このように成分調製されたホイップ用途のクリームは起泡性水中油型乳化物と呼ばれ、上記物性面、起泡特性の面の諸問題が改善されていることから、製菓、製パン業界等において広く利用されている。しかし、この起泡性水中油型乳化物は、安定した製造を行う目的や、物性コントロールのため多量のリン酸塩、乳化剤、ガム類を使用しているので、風味・コク味の点では十分とはいえなかった。(例えば特許文献1及び2参照)   Therefore, an oil-in-water emulsion was developed in which all milk fat was replaced with vegetable oil and emulsified by adding milk protein, emulsifier, water and the like. The whipped cream prepared in this way is called a foamable oil-in-water emulsion, and has improved various problems in terms of physical properties and foaming characteristics. Widely used. However, this foamable oil-in-water emulsion uses a large amount of phosphate, emulsifier, and gum for the purpose of stable production and control of physical properties, so it is sufficient in terms of flavor and richness. That wasn't true. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2)

そこで、多量のリン酸塩、乳化剤、ガム類を使用せずとも、生クリームや乳脂の持つ優れた風味と植物油脂による安定した物性を両立させた起泡性水中油型乳化物を得るべく、生クリームや乳脂と植物油脂を併用した起泡性水中油型乳化物に関するさまざまな検討が行われている。   Therefore, in order to obtain a foamable oil-in-water emulsion that has both the excellent flavor of fresh cream and milk fat and the stable physical properties of vegetable oil without using a large amount of phosphate, emulsifier, gums, Various studies have been conducted on foamable oil-in-water emulsions using fresh cream, milk fat and vegetable oil.

例えば、乳脂を含有する水中油型乳化物と乳脂を含有しない水中油型乳化物を混合する方法(例えば特許文献3〜5参照)、特定の粘度特性のキサンタンガムを含有し、油分含有量が40質量%以下である起泡性水中油型乳化油脂組成物(特許文献6)が開示されている。   For example, a method of mixing an oil-in-water emulsion containing milk fat and an oil-in-water emulsion not containing milk fat (see, for example, Patent Documents 3 to 5), xanthan gum having specific viscosity characteristics, and an oil content of 40 A foamable oil-in-water emulsified oil / fat composition (Patent Document 6) having a mass% or less is disclosed.

しかし、特許文献3〜6に記載の方法では、保存時の十分な乳化安定性を得ることができないという問題があることに加え、良好な起泡特性を得るためには、乳脂含量を減らす必要があり、その場合乳の良好な風味やコクを得ることができないという問題があった。   However, the methods described in Patent Documents 3 to 6 have a problem that sufficient emulsification stability during storage cannot be obtained, and in order to obtain good foaming characteristics, it is necessary to reduce the milk fat content. In that case, there was a problem that good flavor and richness of milk could not be obtained.

特公平3−62387号公報Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-62387 特開昭63−267250号公報JP-A-63-267250 特開平5−276888号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-276888 特開平5−328928号公報JP-A-5-328928 特開平11−56283号公報JP-A-11-56283

従って、本発明の目的は、保存時の乳化安定性に優れ、ホイップタイムが良好かつ終点幅が広く、さらに生クリームと同等の濃厚な乳風味やコク味を有する起泡性水中油型乳化物を提供することにある。   Accordingly, the object of the present invention is a foamable oil-in-water emulsion having excellent emulsion stability during storage, good whipping time, wide end point width, and having a thick milk flavor and richness equivalent to fresh cream. Is to provide.

本発明者は上記課題を解決すべく種々検討した結果、乳化油脂の形態である乳脂原料を油分中に特定量以上使用した場合においては、生クリーム等の乳原料において乳風味や乳化安定性の面から多く使用することが必要とされてきた乳タンパク質をむしろ削減し、タンパク質含有量を一定量以下とした場合に上記課題を解決可能であるとの知見を得た。本発明はこのような知見に基づいて完成されたものである。   As a result of various studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has used milk fat raw materials in the form of emulsified fats and oils in a specific amount or more in the oil component, so that the milk flavor and emulsion stability of milk raw materials such as fresh cream We obtained the knowledge that the above problems can be solved when the milk protein, which has been required to be used in a large amount from the viewpoint, is rather reduced, and the protein content is kept below a certain level. The present invention has been completed based on such findings.

即ち、本発明は、下記(a)〜(c)の条件を満たす、起泡性水中油型乳化物を提供するものである。
(a)乳脂原料として生クリーム、クリームチーズ、デイリースプレッド又はバターの中から選択される1種又は2種以上を含有する。
(b)上記(a)の乳脂原料に由来する乳脂が、水中油型乳化物の油分のうち60質量%以上を占める。
(c)タンパク質含有量が、水中油型乳化物の1.5質量%以下である。
That is, the present invention provides a foamable oil-in-water emulsion that satisfies the following conditions (a) to (c).
(A) Contains 1 type (s) or 2 or more types selected from fresh cream, cream cheese, daily spread, or butter as a milk fat raw material.
(B) The milk fat derived from the milk fat raw material of the above (a) accounts for 60% by mass or more of the oil content of the oil-in-water emulsion.
(C) Protein content is 1.5 mass% or less of an oil-in-water emulsion.

また、本発明は、上記の起泡性水中油型乳化物を起泡してなるホイップドクリームを提供するものである。   Moreover, this invention provides the whipped cream formed by foaming said foamable oil-in-water emulsion.

本発明によれば、保存時の乳化安定性に優れ、ホイップタイムが良好かつ終点幅が広く、さらに生クリームと同等の濃厚な乳風味やコク味を有する起泡性水中油型乳化物及びホイップドクリームを得ることができる。   According to the present invention, a foamable oil-in-water emulsion and whipped having excellent emulsification stability during storage, good whipping time, wide end point width, and having a thick milk flavor and richness equivalent to fresh cream A cream can be obtained.

以下、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物について、好ましい実施形態に基づき詳細に説明する。
本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物は、下記(a)〜(c)の条件を満たすものである。
(a)乳脂原料として生クリーム、クリームチーズ、デイリースプレッド又はバターの中から選択される1種又は2種以上を含有する。
(b)上記(a)の乳脂原料に由来する乳脂が、水中油型乳化物の油分のうち60質量%以上を占める。
(c)タンパク質含有量が、水中油型乳化物の1.5質量%以下である。
Hereinafter, the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments.
The foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention satisfies the following conditions (a) to (c).
(A) Contains 1 type (s) or 2 or more types selected from fresh cream, cream cheese, daily spread, or butter as a milk fat raw material.
(B) The milk fat derived from the milk fat raw material of the above (a) accounts for 60% by mass or more of the oil content of the oil-in-water emulsion.
(C) Protein content is 1.5 mass% or less of an oil-in-water emulsion.

本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物は、油分のうち60質量%以上を乳脂が占めるものである。尚、この油分は、直接配合する油脂以外に、油脂分を含有する食品素材や食品添加物を使用した場合には、それらに含まれる油脂分をあわせて算出するものとする。   In the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention, milk fat occupies 60% by mass or more of the oil content. In addition, when using the food raw material and food additive containing fats and oils other than the fats and oils mix | blended directly, this oily part shall be calculated combining the fats and oils contained in them.

上記乳脂の由来としては、生クリーム、バター、バターオイル、クリームチーズ、デイリースプレッド等が挙げられるが、本発明においては、上記(a)及び(b)の条件の通り、上記油分のうち60質量%以上が、生クリーム、クリームチーズ、デイリースプレッド又はバターの中から選択される1種又は2種以上よりなる乳脂原料(以下、生クリーム、クリームチーズ、デイリースプレッド、バターを合わせて乳脂原料ともいう)によるものとし、上記油分のうち好ましくは70質量%以上、より好ましくは75質量%以上が、上記乳脂原料である。上記範囲で上記乳脂原料を使用することにより、後述のようにタンパク質含有量が低い場合であっても濃厚なコク味があり、乳風味が良好であり、且つ、乳化安定性と起泡特性が良好である起泡性水中油型乳化物を得ることができる。
また、上記乳脂のうちバターに由来する割合は、後述のようにタンパク質含有量を低く抑えながら本発明の効果を引き出す点から、80質量%以上であることがより好ましく、90質量%以上であることが更に好ましく、95質量%以上であることが最も好ましい。
Examples of the origin of the milk fat include fresh cream, butter, butter oil, cream cheese, daily spread, and the like. In the present invention, according to the above conditions (a) and (b), 60 masses of the oil. % Or more of milk fat raw materials consisting of one or more selected from cream, cream cheese, daily spread or butter (hereinafter referred to as milk fat raw materials by combining fresh cream, cream cheese, daily spread and butter) The oil component is preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 75% by mass or more of the oil content. By using the milk fat raw material within the above range, even if the protein content is low as described later, there is a rich body taste, milk flavor is good, and emulsion stability and foaming properties are A foamable oil-in-water emulsion that is good can be obtained.
In addition, the proportion derived from butter in the milk fat is more preferably 80% by mass or more and 90% by mass or more from the viewpoint of bringing out the effects of the present invention while keeping the protein content low as described later. More preferably, it is 95 mass% or more.

本発明において、なぜ乳脂を含む原料として上記乳脂原料を使用した場合に限ってこのような効果が得られるのか、以下のように考えている。
一般に生クリームには50質量%程度、バターには20質量%程度、クリームチーズには35質量%程度、デイリースプレッドには30質量%程度の水性相が存在する。この水性相中にはミネラル分、風味分等の多様な成分が含まれており、乳原料特有の乳味感を付与するものと考えられてきた。
一方で、生クリーム、クリームチーズ、バター、デイリースプレッドの水性相と油性相の境界は、乳脂肪球皮膜と呼ばれるリン脂質を主体とする膜が界面を形成している。乳脂肪球皮膜は、内膜と外膜の2層が再構成された多成分系膜となっている。
本発明者は、乳原料特有のコク味や乳風味は水性相だけでなく、上記のような乳脂肪球皮膜部分が重要な役割を担っているのではないかとの仮説をたて検討を進めた結果、上記条件下でコク味や乳風味が顕著に強化されることを見出した。
この理由は明らかではないが、多成分系膜である乳脂肪球皮膜がコク味や乳風味に大きく影響する呈味成分を効果的に取り込み保持することができ、その結果呈味成分が多く残るためであると考えている。
このような効果は水相成分を含有する上記乳原料を使用した場合顕著に見られる一方で、バターオイルとバターの水相成分を併せて添加しても大きく減じられた効果しかみられない。おそらく、一度乳脂分と分離された乳脂肪球皮膜部分では呈味成分の保持が低下してしまうものと考えている。
また、乳化安定性や起泡特性についても、同様に、その乳脂肪球皮膜部分の存在形態によりその機能が大きく変化してしまうものと考えられる。
尚、上記乳脂原料としては、後述のようにタンパク質含有量を低く抑える点からも、バターを使用することが最も好ましい。
In the present invention, why such an effect is obtained only when the above-mentioned milk fat raw material is used as a raw material containing milk fat is considered as follows.
In general, fresh cream has an aqueous phase of about 50% by mass, butter has about 20% by mass, cream cheese has about 35% by mass, and daily spread has an aqueous phase of about 30% by mass. This aqueous phase contains various components such as minerals and flavors, and has been considered to impart a milky taste characteristic of milk materials.
On the other hand, at the boundary between the aqueous phase and the oily phase of fresh cream, cream cheese, butter, and daily spread, a membrane mainly composed of phospholipid called milk fat globule membrane forms an interface. The milk fat globule membrane is a multi-component membrane in which two layers of an inner membrane and an outer membrane are reconstructed.
The present inventor made a hypothesis that not only the aqueous phase but also the milk fat globule membrane part as described above plays an important role in the rich taste and milk flavor peculiar to milk ingredients. As a result, it was found that the richness and milk flavor are remarkably enhanced under the above conditions.
The reason for this is not clear, but the milk fat globule film, which is a multi-component film, can effectively take in and retain the taste components that greatly affect the body taste and milk flavor, and as a result, many taste components remain. I think that is because.
While such an effect is noticeable when the above milk raw material containing an aqueous phase component is used, even if the butter oil and the aqueous phase component of butter are added together, only a greatly reduced effect is observed. Probably, the milk fat globule membrane part once separated from the milk fat content is considered to decrease the retention of taste components.
Similarly, the emulsification stability and foaming characteristics are also considered to change greatly depending on the form of the milk fat globule membrane part.
As the milk fat raw material, it is most preferable to use butter from the viewpoint of keeping the protein content low as described later.

本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物においては、上記乳脂原料の他に、ラウリン系油脂を油分基準で5〜30質量%含有するのが好ましく、10〜25質量%含有するのがより好ましく、12〜24質量%含有するのが最も好ましい。ラウリン系油脂とは、油脂を構成する脂肪酸のうちラウリン酸含有率が40質量%を超えるような油脂の総称である。具体的なラウリン系油脂としては、ヤシ油、パーム核油、これらの油脂に水素添加、分別及びエステル交換から選択される1種又は2種以上の処理を施した加工油脂等が挙げられる。上記範囲でラウリン系油脂を乳脂とともに含有させることで、より濃厚なコク味の感じられるホイップドクリームを得ることができる。   In the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned milk raw material, it is preferable to contain 5-30% by mass of lauric oil / fat based on the oil content, and more preferably 10-25% by mass. 12 to 24% by mass is most preferable. Laurin-based fats and oils are a general term for fats and oils whose lauric acid content exceeds 40% by mass among fatty acids constituting the fats and oils. Specific examples of lauric fats and oils include palm oil, palm kernel oil, processed fats and oils obtained by subjecting these fats and oils to one or more treatments selected from hydrogenation, fractionation and transesterification. By containing the lauric oil and fat together with milk fat in the above range, a whipped cream with a richer rich taste can be obtained.

本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物で用いることができるその他の油脂としては、例えば、パーム油、コーン油、綿実油、大豆油、菜種油、米油、ヒマワリ油、サフラワー油、カカオ脂等の各種植物油脂、牛脂、豚脂、魚油、鯨油等の各種動物油脂、並びにこれらを水素添加、分別及びエステル交換から選択される1種又は2種以上の処理を施した加工油脂等が挙げられる。本発明においては、上記の油脂を単独で用いることもでき、又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることもできる。   Other fats and oils that can be used in the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention include, for example, palm oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, rice oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, cocoa butter, etc. Various vegetable oils and fats, beef tallow, pork fat, fish oil, whale oil and other animal oils and fats, processed oils and fats subjected to one or more treatments selected from hydrogenation, fractionation and transesterification . In the present invention, the above fats and oils can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物中の油脂の含有量については、上記乳脂原料、上記ラウリン系油脂、及びその他の配合原料中に含まれる油分も含めた油分含有量が35質量%より大であることが好ましく、40質量%より大であることが最も好ましい。上記油分含有量が35質量%よりも小さい場合、ホイップタイムが長くなり本発明の効果を十分に得られにくい。
尚、上限については、55質量%未満、好ましくは50質量%未満である。
About the oil content in the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention, the oil content including the oil content contained in the milk raw material, the lauric fat and other blended raw materials is from 35% by mass. It is preferable that it is large, and it is most preferable that it is larger than 40 mass%. When the oil content is less than 35% by mass, the whipping time becomes long and the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained sufficiently.
In addition, about an upper limit, it is less than 55 mass%, Preferably it is less than 50 mass%.

また、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物中の水分含量は、15〜64質量%であることが好ましく、20〜60質量%であることがより好ましい。尚、この水分含量には、直接配合する水以外に、水分を含有する食品素材や食品添加物を使用した場合には、それらに含まれる水分をあわせて算出するものとする。   Moreover, it is preferable that it is 15-64 mass%, and, as for the water content in the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of this invention, it is more preferable that it is 20-60 mass%. In addition, when the food material and food additive containing a water | moisture content other than the water mix | blended directly are used for this water content, the water | moisture content contained in them shall be calculated.

次に、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物に含有されるタンパク質について説明する。
本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物においては、上記(c)の条件の通り、乳化物中に含まれるタンパク質含有量が乳化物基準で1.5質量%以下、好ましくは1.0質量%以下、最も好ましくは0.8質量%以下である。タンパク質含有量が1.5質量%より大きい場合、ホイップタイムが長くなり、生産効率の悪いものとなる。
Next, the protein contained in the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention will be described.
In the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention, the protein content contained in the emulsion is 1.5% by mass or less, preferably 1.0% by mass on the basis of the condition (c). % Or less, most preferably 0.8% by mass or less. When the protein content is larger than 1.5% by mass, the whipping time becomes long and the production efficiency becomes poor.

上記タンパク質としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、α−ラクトアルブミンやβ−ラクトグロブリン、血清アルブミン等のホエイ蛋白質、カゼイン、カゼインカルシウム、カゼインナトリウム、カゼインカリウム等のカゼイン蛋白質、その他の乳蛋白質、低密度リポ蛋白質、高密度リポ蛋白質、ホスビチン、リベチン、リン糖蛋白質、オボアルブミン、コンアルブミン、オボムコイド等の卵蛋白質、グリアジン、グルテニン等の小麦蛋白質、プロラミン、グルテリン等の米蛋白質、その他動物性及び植物性蛋白質等のタンパク質が挙げられる。これらのタンパク質は、上記条件を満たす量であれば、目的に応じて1種ないし2種以上の蛋白質として、或いは1種ないし2種以上の蛋白質を含有する食品素材の形で添加してもよい。   Examples of the protein include, but are not limited to, whey proteins such as α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, and serum albumin, casein proteins such as casein, casein calcium, sodium caseinate, and casein potassium, other milk proteins, low Density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, phosvitin, ribetin, phosphoglycoprotein, egg protein such as ovalbumin, conalbumin, ovomucoid, wheat protein such as gliadin and glutenin, rice protein such as prolamin and glutenin, other animal and plant And proteins such as sex proteins. These proteins may be added as one or more kinds of proteins or in the form of a food material containing one or more kinds of proteins according to the purpose as long as the amount satisfies the above conditions. .

本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物では、より乳風味が良好で、且つ、併せた他の風味成分が引き立つ起泡性水中油型乳化物を得ることが可能な点で、乳清ミネラルを添加することが好ましい。   In the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention, whey minerals are better in that the milk flavor is better and the foamable oil-in-water emulsion can be obtained in which other flavor components combined are more attractive. Is preferably added.

上記乳清ミネラルとは、乳又はホエイ(乳清)から、可能な限り蛋白質や乳糖を除去したものであり、高濃度に乳の灰分を含有するという特徴を有する。そのため、そのミネラル組成は、原料となる乳やホエイ中のミネラル組成に近い比率となる。   The whey mineral is obtained by removing protein and lactose as much as possible from milk or whey (whey), and has a characteristic of containing milk ash in a high concentration. Therefore, the mineral composition becomes a ratio close to the mineral composition in milk or whey used as a raw material.

本発明で使用する乳清ミネラルとしては、乳蛋白質を含有する場合であっても殺菌時に焦げが生じない点、良好な乳風味を有する起泡性水中油型乳化物が得られる点で、固形分中のカルシウム含有量が2質量%未満、好ましくは1質量%未満の乳清ミネラルを使用することが好ましい。尚、該カルシウム含有量は低いほど好ましい。   The whey mineral used in the present invention is solid in that it does not cause burning during sterilization even when it contains milk protein, and a foamable oil-in-water emulsion having a good milk flavor is obtained. It is preferred to use whey minerals with a calcium content in the minutes of less than 2% by weight, preferably less than 1% by weight. The lower the calcium content, the better.

牛乳から通常の製法で製造された乳清ミネラルは、固形分中のカルシウム含有量が5質量%以上である。このため、上記カルシウム含有量が2質量%未満の乳清ミネラルを得るためには、乳又はホエイから、膜分離及び/又はイオン交換、更には冷却により、乳糖及び蛋白質を除去して乳清ミネラルを得る際に、あらかじめカルシウムを低減した乳を使用した酸性ホエイを用いる方法、或いは甘性ホエイから乳清ミネラルを製造する際にカルシウムを除去する工程を挿入することで得る方法等を採ることができるが、工業的に実施する上での効率やコストの点で、甘性ホエイから乳清ミネラルを製造する際にある程度ミネラルを濃縮した後に、カルシウムを除去する工程を挿入することで得る方法を採ることが好ましい。ここで使用する脱カルシウムの方法としては、特に限定されず、調温保持による沈殿法等の公知の方法を採ることができる。   Whey minerals produced from milk with a normal production method have a calcium content in the solid content of 5% by mass or more. For this reason, in order to obtain the whey mineral having a calcium content of less than 2% by mass, the whey mineral is removed from the milk or whey by membrane separation and / or ion exchange, and further cooling to remove the whey mineral. When obtaining whey, it is possible to adopt a method using acidic whey using milk with reduced calcium in advance, or a method obtained by inserting a step of removing calcium when producing whey minerals from sweet whey, etc. However, in terms of efficiency and cost for industrial implementation, a method of obtaining whey minerals from sweet whey by concentrating the minerals to some extent and then inserting a process to remove calcium. It is preferable to take. The method of decalcification used here is not particularly limited, and a known method such as a precipitation method by maintaining a temperature can be employed.

本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物における上記乳清ミネラルの含有量は、固形分として0.3〜5質量%、好ましくは0.5〜3質量%、より好ましくは1〜3質量%である。上記乳清ミネラルの含有量が固形分として0.3質量%未満であると、本発明の効果が見られない場合があり、また、5質量%を超えると、苦味を感じる場合がある。   Content of the said whey mineral in the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of this invention is 0.3-5 mass% as solid content, Preferably it is 0.5-3 mass%, More preferably, it is 1-3 mass%. It is. When the content of the whey mineral is less than 0.3% by mass as a solid content, the effect of the present invention may not be observed, and when it exceeds 5% by mass, a bitter taste may be felt.

また、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物では、より良好な乳風味を呈し、且つ、乳化剤の使用量を減じても乳化安定性が良好な起泡性水中油型乳化物を得ることが可能な点から、乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が2質量%以上である乳原料を使用することが好ましい。   In addition, the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention provides a foamable oil-in-water emulsion that exhibits a better milk flavor and good emulsification stability even when the amount of the emulsifier used is reduced. It is preferable to use a milk raw material having a phospholipid content of 2% by mass or more in the solid content derived from milk.

上記乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が2質量%以上である乳原料としては、乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が、該固形分を基準として、3質量%以上である乳原料を使用することが好ましく、更に好ましくは4質量%以上、最も好ましくは5〜40質量%である乳原料を使用する。   As a milk raw material whose content of phospholipid in the solid content derived from milk is 2% by mass or more, the content of phospholipid in the solid content derived from milk is 3% by mass or more based on the solid content. Is preferably used, more preferably 4% by mass or more, and most preferably 5 to 40% by mass.

上記乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質とは、乳由来の固形分中に含まれる乳由来のリン脂質のことを指す。
また、上記乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が2質量%以上である乳原料は、液体状でも、粉末状でも、濃縮物でも構わない。但し、溶剤を用いて乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が2質量%以上となるように濃縮した乳原料は、風味上の問題から、本発明においては、上記乳原料として用いないのが好ましい。
The phospholipid in the solid content derived from milk refers to a phospholipid derived from milk contained in the solid content derived from milk.
Moreover, the milk raw material whose phospholipid content in the solid content derived from the milk is 2% by mass or more may be liquid, powder, or concentrate. However, a milk raw material concentrated so that the content of phospholipid in the milk-derived solid content is 2% by mass or more using a solvent is not used as the milk raw material in the present invention because of a problem with flavor. Is preferred.

本発明においては、上記乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が2質量%以上である乳原料由来のリン脂質が、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物中の上記乳脂原料(生クリーム、クリームチーズ、バター、デイリースプレッド)由来のリン脂質1質量部に対し、0.5〜5質量部であることが好ましく、0.8〜3質量部であることが最も好ましい。
これにより、上記乳脂原料由来の多成分膜を形成しているリン脂質と上記乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が2質量%以上である乳原料に含まれるリン脂質が一定の割合で並存することになる。これにより、保存中の乳化安定性と、乳風味・コク味をより高めることができる。
In the present invention, a phospholipid derived from a milk raw material having a phospholipid content of 2% by mass or more in the solid content derived from milk is the above-mentioned milk fat raw material in the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention ( It is preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass, most preferably 0.8 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass of phospholipid derived from fresh cream, cream cheese, butter, daily spread).
Thereby, the phospholipid which forms the multi-component film derived from the milk fat raw material and the phospholipid contained in the milk raw material whose content of the phospholipid in the solid content derived from the milk is 2% by mass or more is a certain ratio. Will coexist. Thereby, the emulsification stability during storage, and the milk flavor and richness can be further enhanced.

乳由来のリン脂質を含有する乳原料の固形分中のリン脂質の定量方法としては、例えば下記の定量方法が挙げられる。但し、抽出方法等については乳原料の形態等によって適正な方法が異なるため、下記の定量方法に限定されるものではない。
先ず、乳由来のリン脂質を含有する乳原料の脂質をFolch法により抽出する。次いで、抽出した脂質溶液を湿式分解法(日本薬学会編、衛生試験法・注解2000 2.1食品成分試験法に記載の湿式分解法に準じる)にて分解した後、モリブデンブルー吸光度法(日本薬学会編、衛生試験法・注解2000 2.1食品成分試験法に記載のリンのモリブデン酸による定量に準じる)によりリン量を求める。求められたリン量から、以下の計算式を用いて、乳由来のリン脂質を含有する乳原料の固形分100g中のリン脂質の含有量(g)を求める。
リン脂質(g/100g)=〔リン量(μg)/(乳由来のリン脂質を含有する乳原料−乳由来のリン脂質を含有する乳原料の水分(g))〕×25.4×(0.1/1000)
Examples of the method for quantifying phospholipids in the solid content of milk raw materials containing milk-derived phospholipids include the following quantification methods. However, the extraction method and the like are not limited to the following quantitative methods because appropriate methods differ depending on the form of the milk raw material.
First, a milk raw material lipid containing milk-derived phospholipid is extracted by the Folch method. Subsequently, the extracted lipid solution is decomposed by a wet decomposition method (according to the wet decomposition method described in Japan Pharmaceutical Association, Sanitary Test Method, Note 2000 2.1 Food Component Test Method), and then the molybdenum blue absorbance method (Japan) The amount of phosphorus is determined according to the determination of phosphorus with molybdic acid described in 2.1 edition of the Pharmaceutical Society, Hygiene Test Method, Note 2000 2.1 Food Component Test Method. From the obtained amount of phosphorus, the content (g) of phospholipid in 100 g of the solid content of the milk raw material containing milk-derived phospholipid is obtained using the following calculation formula.
Phospholipid (g / 100 g) = [phosphorus amount (μg) / (milk raw material containing milk-derived phospholipid−moisture content of milk raw material containing phospholipid (g))] × 25.4 × ( 0.1 / 1000)

上記乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が2質量%以上である乳原料としては、例えば、クリーム又はバターからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分が挙げられる。該クリーム又はバターからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分は、通常のクリームからバターを製造する際に生じるいわゆるバターミルクとは組成が大きく異なり、リン脂質を多量に含有しているという特徴がある。バターミルクは、その製法の違いによって大きく異なるが、乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が、通常0.5〜1.5質量%程度であるのに対して、上記クリーム又はバターからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分は、乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が、おおよそ2〜15質量%であり、多量のリン脂質を含有している。   Examples of the milk raw material in which the content of phospholipid in the solid content derived from milk is 2% by mass or more include an aqueous phase component produced when producing butter oil from cream or butter. The aqueous phase component produced when producing butter oil from the cream or butter is greatly different in composition from the so-called butter milk produced when producing butter from ordinary cream, and contains a large amount of phospholipid. There is. Buttermilk differs greatly depending on the production method, but the content of phospholipids in the solid content derived from milk is usually about 0.5 to 1.5% by mass, but from the above cream or butter The aqueous phase component produced when producing the butter oil has a phospholipid content of about 2 to 15% by mass in the solid content derived from milk, and contains a large amount of phospholipid.

本発明において、上記乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が2質量%以上である乳原料として、通常のクリームからバターを製造する際に生じるいわゆるバターミルクそのものを用いることはできないが、バターミルクを乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が2質量%以上となるように濃縮した濃縮物、或いはその乾燥物を用いることは可能である。
上記クリーム又はバターからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分の製造方法の一例を以下に説明する。
In the present invention, the so-called butter milk itself produced when producing butter from ordinary cream cannot be used as a milk raw material having a phospholipid content of 2% by mass or more in the milk-derived solid content. It is possible to use a concentrate obtained by concentrating buttermilk so that the content of phospholipid in the solid content derived from milk is 2% by mass or more, or a dried product thereof.
An example of the manufacturing method of the water phase component produced when manufacturing butter oil from the said cream or butter is demonstrated below.

上記クリームからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分の製造方法は、例えば以下の通りである。
先ず、牛乳を遠心分離して得られる脂肪濃度30〜40質量%のクリームをプレートで加温し、遠心分離機によってクリームの脂肪濃度を70〜95質量%まで高める。次いで、乳化破壊機で乳化を破壊し、再び遠心分離機で処理することによってバターオイルが得られる。本発明で用いることができる上記水相成分は、最後の遠心分離の工程でバターオイルの副産物として発生するものである。
A method for producing an aqueous phase component produced when producing butter oil from the cream is, for example, as follows.
First, cream having a fat concentration of 30 to 40% by mass obtained by centrifuging milk is heated by a plate, and the fat concentration of the cream is increased to 70 to 95% by mass by a centrifuge. Subsequently, the emulsification is broken with an emulsification breaker, and the butter oil is obtained by processing again with a centrifuge. The aqueous phase component that can be used in the present invention is generated as a by-product of butter oil in the final centrifugation step.

一方、上記バターからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分の製造方法は、例えば以下の通りである。
先ず、バターを溶解機で溶解し、熱交換機で加温する。これを遠心分離機で分離することによってバターオイルが得られる。本発明で用いることができる上記水相成分は、遠心分離の工程でバターオイルの副産物として発生するものである。該バターオイルの製造に用いられるバターとしては、通常のものが用いられる。
On the other hand, the manufacturing method of the water phase component produced when manufacturing a butter oil from the said butter is as follows, for example.
First, butter is melted with a dissolver and heated with a heat exchanger. Butter oil is obtained by separating this with a centrifuge. The aqueous phase component that can be used in the present invention is generated as a by-product of butter oil in the centrifugation step. As the butter used for producing the butter oil, ordinary ones are used.

本発明で用いることができる上記水相成分としては、乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が該固形分を基準として2質量%以上であれば、上記クリーム又はバターからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分をそのまま用いてもよく、また、噴霧乾燥、濃縮、冷凍等の処理を施したものを用いてもよい。
但し、乳由来のリン脂質は、高温加熱するとその機能が低下するため、上記加温処理や上記濃縮処理中或いは殺菌等により加熱する際の温度は、100℃未満であることが好ましい。
The aqueous phase component that can be used in the present invention is to produce butter oil from the cream or butter as long as the phospholipid content in the solid content derived from milk is 2% by mass or more based on the solid content. The aqueous phase component generated during the treatment may be used as it is, or those subjected to treatments such as spray drying, concentration, and freezing may be used.
However, since the function of milk-derived phospholipids decreases when heated at high temperatures, the temperature during heating during the heating treatment, the concentration treatment, or sterilization is preferably less than 100 ° C.

また、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物では、乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が2質量%以上である乳原料として、上記乳原料中のリン脂質の一部又は全部がリゾ化されたリゾ化物を使用することもできる。該リゾ化物は、上記乳原料をそのままリゾ化したものであってもよく、また上記乳原料を濃縮した後にリゾ化したものであってもよい。また、得られたリゾ化物に、更に濃縮或いは噴霧乾燥処理等を施してもよい。   In the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention, a part or all of the phospholipid in the milk raw material is used as the milk raw material in which the content of phospholipid in the solid content derived from milk is 2% by mass or more. It is also possible to use a lysate obtained by lysizing. The lysed product may be obtained by lysing the milk raw material as it is, or may be obtained by lysing the milk raw material after concentration. Further, the obtained lysed product may be further subjected to concentration or spray drying treatment.

乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が2質量%以上である乳原料中のリン脂質をリゾ化するには、ホスホリパーゼAで処理すればよい。ホスホリパーゼAは、リン脂質分子のグリセロール部分と脂肪酸残基とを結びつけている結合を切断し、この脂肪酸残基を水酸基で置換する作用を有する酵素である。ホスホリパーゼAは、作用する部位の違いによってホスホリパーゼA1とホスホリパーゼA2とに分かれるが、ホスホリパーゼA2が好ましい。ホスホリパーゼA2の場合、リン脂質分子のグリセロール部分の2位の脂肪酸残基が選択的に切り離される。
尚、上記乳原料の起源となる乳としては、牛乳、ヤギ乳、ヒツジ乳、人乳等の乳を例示することができるが、特に牛乳が好ましい。
In order to lyze the phospholipid in the milk raw material having a phospholipid content of 2% by mass or more in the solid content derived from milk, it may be treated with phospholipase A. Phospholipase A is an enzyme having an action of cleaving a bond connecting a glycerol part of a phospholipid molecule and a fatty acid residue and substituting the fatty acid residue with a hydroxyl group. Phospholipase A is divided into phospholipase A1 and phospholipase A2 depending on the site of action, but phospholipase A2 is preferred. In the case of phospholipase A2, the fatty acid residue at position 2 of the glycerol part of the phospholipid molecule is selectively cleaved.
Examples of the milk that is the origin of the milk raw material include milk such as cow milk, goat milk, sheep milk, and human milk, but cow milk is particularly preferable.

本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物では、本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲内(好ましくは合計で50質量%以下)で所望により、乳化剤、安定剤、増粘安定剤、乳製品(既述のものを除く)、糖類、果汁、ジャム、カカオ及びカカオ製品、コーヒー及びコーヒー製品等の呈味成分、調味料、着香料、着色料、保存料、酸化防止剤、pH調整剤等の、一般的な起泡性水中油型乳化物に使用することのできるその他の成分を、必要に応じ任意に配合することができる。   In the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention, an emulsifier, a stabilizer, a thickening stabilizer, a dairy product (existingly) within the range not inhibiting the effects of the present invention (preferably 50% by mass or less in total). Excluding those mentioned above), sugar, fruit juice, jam, cacao and cacao products, coffee and coffee products and other flavoring ingredients, seasonings, flavorings, colorants, preservatives, antioxidants, pH adjusters, etc. Other components that can be used in a general foamable oil-in-water emulsion can be optionally blended as necessary.

上記乳化剤としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、レシチン、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、グリセリン酢酸脂肪酸エステル、グリセリン乳酸脂肪酸エステル、グリセリンコハク酸脂肪酸エステル、グリセリンジアセチル酒石酸脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖酢酸イソ酪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、ステアロイル乳酸カルシウム、ステアロイル乳酸ナトリウム、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノグリセリド等が挙げられる。これらの乳化剤は単独で用いることもでき、又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることもできる。
本発明における上記乳化剤の含有量は、好ましくは0.001〜5質量%、より好ましくは0.005〜1質量%である。尚、上記乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が2質量%以上である乳原料を使用する場合は、乳化剤の含量を減じることができ、その場合の乳化剤の好ましい含有量は0.001〜1質量%、より好ましくは0.005〜0.3質量%である。
The emulsifier is not particularly limited. For example, lecithin, glycerin fatty acid ester, glycerin acetic acid fatty acid ester, glycerin lactic acid fatty acid ester, glycerin succinic acid fatty acid ester, glycerin diacetyl tartaric acid fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, Examples thereof include sugar acetic acid isobutyric acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, stearoyl calcium lactate, sodium stearoyl lactate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoglyceride and the like. These emulsifiers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The content of the emulsifier in the present invention is preferably 0.001 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.005 to 1% by mass. In addition, when using the milk raw material whose content of the phospholipid in the said solid content derived from milk is 2 mass% or more, the content of an emulsifier can be reduced, and the preferable content of the emulsifier in that case is 0.00. It is 001-1 mass%, More preferably, it is 0.005-0.3 mass%.

上記安定剤としては、リン酸塩(ヘキサメタリン酸、第2リン酸、第1リン酸)、クエン酸のアルカリ金属塩(カリウム、ナトリウム等)等が挙げられる。これらの安定剤は、単独で用いることもでき、又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることもできる。   Examples of the stabilizer include phosphates (hexametaphosphoric acid, secondary phosphoric acid, primary phosphoric acid), alkali metal salts of citric acid (potassium, sodium, etc.), and the like. These stabilizers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

上記増粘安定剤としては、キサンタンガム、グアーガム、タマリンドガム、カラギーナン、アルギン酸塩、ファーセルラン、ローカストビーンガム、ペクチン、カードラン、澱粉、化工澱粉、結晶セルロース、ゼラチン、デキストリン、寒天、デキストラン等が挙げられる。これらの安定剤は、単独で用いることもでき、又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることもできる。
本発明における増粘安定剤の含有量は、0〜0.02質量%が好ましく、0〜0.001質量%がより好ましい。
Examples of the thickening stabilizer include xanthan gum, guar gum, tamarind gum, carrageenan, alginate, farcellulan, locust bean gum, pectin, curdlan, starch, modified starch, crystalline cellulose, gelatin, dextrin, agar, dextran, etc. Can be mentioned. These stabilizers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
0-0.02 mass% is preferable and, as for content of the thickening stabilizer in this invention, 0-0.001 mass% is more preferable.

上記糖類としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、ブドウ糖、果糖、ショ糖、麦芽糖、酵素糖化水飴、還元澱粉糖化物、異性化液糖、ショ糖結合水飴、オリゴ糖、還元糖ポリデキストロース、ソルビトール、還元乳糖、トレハロース、キシロース、キシリトール、マルチトール、エリスリトール、マンニトール、フラクトオリゴ糖、大豆オリゴ糖、ガラクトオリゴ糖、乳果オリゴ糖、ラフィノース、ラクチュロース、パラチノースオリゴ糖、ステビア、アスパルテーム等の糖類が挙げられる。これらの糖類は、単独で用いることもでき、又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることもできる。   The saccharide is not particularly limited, for example, glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, enzyme saccharified starch syrup, reduced starch saccharified product, isomerized liquid sugar, sucrose-conjugated starch syrup, oligosaccharide, reducing sugar polydextrose, sorbitol, Examples include reduced lactose, trehalose, xylose, xylitol, maltitol, erythritol, mannitol, fructooligosaccharide, soybean oligosaccharide, galactooligosaccharide, dairy oligosaccharide, raffinose, lactulose, palatinose oligosaccharide, stevia, aspartame and the like. These saccharides can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物において、油性相(油相):水性相(水相)の質量比率は、良好な乳化安定性及びホイップタイムの点から、好ましくは35〜55:65〜45、より好ましくは40〜50:60〜50である。
尚、油相には、上記乳脂原料、ラウリン系油脂、その他の油脂等の油脂類、及び油性成分〔食品素材や食品添加物に含有される油脂分が含まれるほか、油溶性の任意成分(例えば、油溶性の乳化剤、酸化防止剤、着色料、着香料)を使用した場合には、これらも含まれる。〕が含まれる。また水相には、水や、水性成分〔食品素材や食品添加物に含有される水分が含まれるほか、水溶性の任意成分(例えば、水溶性の乳化剤、酸化防止剤、着色料、着香料)を使用した場合には、これらも含まれる。〕が含まれる。
In the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention, the mass ratio of the oil phase (oil phase): the aqueous phase (water phase) is preferably 35 to 55:65 from the viewpoint of good emulsion stability and whipping time. It is -45, More preferably, it is 40-50: 60-50.
In addition, the oil phase contains fats and oils such as the above-mentioned milk fat raw materials, lauric fats and oils, and other oils and fats [oils and fats contained in food materials and food additives, oil-soluble optional ingredients ( For example, when oil-soluble emulsifiers, antioxidants, coloring agents, and flavoring agents are used, these are also included. ] Is included. In addition, the water phase contains water and aqueous components [moisture contained in food materials and food additives, as well as water-soluble optional components (for example, water-soluble emulsifiers, antioxidants, coloring agents, flavoring agents). ) Is also included. ] Is included.

次に、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物の製造方法について以下に説明する。
先ず、油脂及び必要によりその他の原料を含有させた油性相と、水及び必要により乳原料やその他の原料を含有させた水性相とをそれぞれ個別に調製し、次いで、該油性相と該水性相とを混合乳化し、水中油型に乳化することにより、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物が得られる。
これを、必要により、バルブ式ホモジナイザー、ホモミキサー、コロイドミル等の均質化装置により圧力0〜100MPaの範囲で均質化しても良い。
また、必要によりインジェクション式、インフージョン式等の直接加熱方式、或いはプレート式、チューブラー式、掻き取り式等の間接加熱方式を用いたUHT・HTST・低温殺菌、バッチ式、レトルト、マイクロ波加熱等の加熱滅菌若しくは加熱殺菌処理を施しても良く、或いは直火等の加熱調理により加熱しても良い。
また、加熱後に必要に応じて再度均質化しても良い。また、必要により急速冷却、徐冷却等の冷却操作を施しても良い。
Next, the manufacturing method of the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of this invention is demonstrated below.
First, an oily phase containing fats and oils and other raw materials as necessary, and an aqueous phase containing water and milk raw materials and other raw materials as necessary are prepared separately, and then the oily phase and the aqueous phase Are mixed and emulsified and emulsified into an oil-in-water type to obtain the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention.
If necessary, this may be homogenized in a pressure range of 0 to 100 MPa by a homogenizer such as a valve homogenizer, a homomixer, or a colloid mill.
If necessary, UHT / HTST / pasteurization, batch type, retort, microwave heating using direct heating method such as injection type, infusion type, or indirect heating type such as plate type, tubular type, scraping type, etc. Heat sterilization such as heat sterilization or heat sterilization treatment may be performed, or heating may be performed by cooking such as open flame.
Moreover, you may homogenize again as needed after a heating. Moreover, you may perform cooling operation, such as rapid cooling and slow cooling, as needed.

本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物は、起泡してホイップドクリームとすることで、フィリング用、サンド用、トッピング用、ナッペ用、センター用に主に使用することができる。また、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物は、コーヒーホワイトナーとして、或いは食品練り込み用クリームとしても用いることができる。   The foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention can be used mainly for filling, sanding, topping, nappe, and center by foaming into a whipped cream. Moreover, the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention can be used as a coffee whitener or a food kneading cream.

上記の食品としては、例えば、食パン、菓子パン、パイ、デニッシュ、クロワッサン、フランスパン、セミハードロール、シュー、ドーナツ、ケーキ、クラッカー、クッキー、ハードビスケット、ワッフル、スコーン等のベーカリー製品、洋菓子、和菓子、チョコレート菓子、冷菓、プリン、ムース等のデザート、シチュー、グラタン、ドリア、飲料等を挙げることができる。   Examples of the above food include bread, confectionery bread, pie, Danish, croissant, French bread, semi-hard roll, shoe, donut, cake, cracker, cookie, hard biscuits, waffle, scone and other bakery products, Western confectionery, Japanese confectionery, chocolate Examples include desserts such as confectionery, frozen desserts, pudding and mousse, stews, gratin, doria, and beverages.

次に、本発明のホイップドクリームについて以下に説明する。
本発明のホイップドクリームは、上記本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物を起泡させたものである。尚、その好ましいオーバーランは100〜140、より好ましくは110〜130である。
Next, the whipped cream of the present invention will be described below.
The whipped cream of the present invention is obtained by foaming the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention. In addition, the preferable overrun is 100-140, More preferably, it is 110-130.

得られたホイップドクリームは、各種菓子、パン、惣菜等の各種食品に対し、フィリング用、サンド用、トッピング用、ナッペ用、センター用として使用することができる。また、上記用途における本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物の使用量は、使用用途により異なるものであり、特に限定されるものではない   The obtained whipped cream can be used for filling, sand, topping, nappe, and center for various foods such as confectionery, bread and prepared dishes. Moreover, the usage-amount of the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of this invention in the said use changes with use uses, and is not specifically limited.

次に実施例、及び比較例を挙げ、本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、これらは本発明を何ら制限するものではない。   EXAMPLES Next, although an Example and a comparative example are given and this invention is demonstrated further in detail, these do not limit this invention at all.

<乳清ミネラルの製造>
チーズを製造する際に副産物として得られる甘性ホエイをナノ濾過膜分離した後、更に逆浸透濾過膜分離により固形分が20質量%となるまで濃縮し、次いで、80℃、20分の加熱処理をして生じた沈殿を遠心分離して除去し、これを更にエバポレーターで濃縮したのち、固形分が40質量%となるように水で希釈し、乳清ミネラルAとした。得られた乳清ミネラルAの固形分中のカルシウム含量は0.4質量%であった。
<Manufacture of whey minerals>
After separating the sweet whey obtained as a by-product when producing cheese by nanofiltration membrane separation, it is further concentrated by reverse osmosis filtration membrane separation until the solid content becomes 20% by mass, and then heat treatment at 80 ° C. for 20 minutes The precipitate produced by centrifuging was removed by centrifugation, and this was further concentrated by an evaporator, and then diluted with water so that the solid content was 40% by mass to obtain whey mineral A. The calcium content in the solid content of the obtained whey mineral A was 0.4% by mass.

[実施例1]
無塩バター(油分82.5質量%、リン脂質0.24質量%及びタンパク質0.5質量%、以下同じ)45質量部、パーム核ステアリン6質量部、及びソルビタン脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、油相とした。一方、クリームからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分の濃縮物(リン脂質含有量3.7質量%、蛋白質含有量12質量%、乳固形分38質量%、及び乳固形分中のリン脂質の含有量9.8質量%)4質量部、乳糖7質量部、キサンタンガム0.02質量部、グアーガム0.02質量部、乳清ミネラルA0.5質量部、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部、及び水37.26質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、水相とした。上記油相と上記水相を混合、乳化して、予備乳化物を調製し、3MPaの圧力で均質化した後、VTIS殺菌機(アルファラバル社製UHT殺菌機)で140℃、4秒間殺菌し、再度5MPaの圧力で均質化後5℃まで冷却した。その後、冷蔵庫で24時間エージングを行い、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物Aを得た。得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物Aは、油分が43質量%であり、該油分のうち、上記無塩バターに由来する乳脂が86.1質量%であった。
[Example 1]
45 parts by mass of unsalted butter (oil content 82.5% by mass, phospholipid 0.24% by mass and protein 0.5% by mass, the same shall apply hereinafter), palm kernel stearin 6 parts by mass, and sorbitan fatty acid ester 0.1 part by mass The mixture was mixed and dissolved by heating to 65 ° C. to obtain an oil phase. On the other hand, the concentrate of the aqueous phase component produced when producing butter oil from cream (phospholipid content 3.7% by mass, protein content 12% by mass, milk solids 38% by mass, and phosphorus in the milk solids Lipid content 9.8% by mass) 4 parts by mass, lactose 7 parts by mass, xanthan gum 0.02 parts by mass, guar gum 0.02 parts by mass, whey mineral A 0.5 parts by mass, sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1 parts by mass And 37.26 parts by mass of water were mixed and dissolved by heating to 65 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed and emulsified to prepare a preliminary emulsion, homogenized at a pressure of 3 MPa, and then sterilized at 140 ° C. for 4 seconds with a VTIS sterilizer (UHT sterilizer manufactured by Alfa Laval). The mixture was homogenized again at a pressure of 5 MPa and then cooled to 5 ° C. Thereafter, aging was performed in a refrigerator for 24 hours to obtain a foamable oil-in-water emulsion A of the present invention. The obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion A had an oil content of 43% by mass, and of the oil content, the milk fat derived from the salt-free butter was 86.1% by mass.

[実施例2]
無塩バター(油分82.5質量%)40質量部、パーム核ステアリン9質量部、及びソルビタン脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、油相とした。一方、クリームからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分の濃縮物(リン脂質含有量3.7質量%、蛋白質含有量12質量%、乳固形分38質量%、及び乳固形分中のリン脂質の含有量9.8質量%)4質量部、乳糖7質量部、キサンタンガム0.02質量部、グアーガム0.02質量部、乳清ミネラルA0.5質量部、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部、及び水39.26質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、水相とした。上記油相と上記水相を混合、乳化して、予備乳化物を調製し、3MPaの圧力で均質化した後、VTIS殺菌機(アルファラバル社製UHT殺菌機)で140℃、4秒間殺菌し、再度5MPaの圧力で均質化後5℃まで冷却した。その後、冷蔵庫で24時間エージングを行い、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物Bを得た。得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物Bは、油分が42質量%であり、該油分のうち、上記無塩バターに由来する乳脂が78.6質量%であった。
[Example 2]
40 parts by mass of unsalted butter (oil content: 82.5% by mass), 9 parts by mass of palm kernel stearin, and 0.1 part by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an oil phase. On the other hand, the concentrate of the aqueous phase component produced when producing butter oil from cream (phospholipid content 3.7% by mass, protein content 12% by mass, milk solids 38% by mass, and phosphorus in the milk solids Lipid content 9.8% by mass) 4 parts by mass, lactose 7 parts by mass, xanthan gum 0.02 parts by mass, guar gum 0.02 parts by mass, whey mineral A 0.5 parts by mass, sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1 parts by mass And 39.26 parts by mass of water were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed and emulsified to prepare a preliminary emulsion, homogenized at a pressure of 3 MPa, and then sterilized at 140 ° C. for 4 seconds with a VTIS sterilizer (UHT sterilizer manufactured by Alfa Laval). The mixture was homogenized again at a pressure of 5 MPa and then cooled to 5 ° C. Thereafter, aging was performed in a refrigerator for 24 hours to obtain a foamable oil-in-water emulsion B of the present invention. The obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion B had an oil content of 42% by mass, and of the oil content, the milk fat derived from the salt-free butter was 78.6% by mass.

[実施例3]
無塩バター(油分82.5質量%)40質量部、パーム核ステアリン9質量部、及びソルビタン脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、油相とした。一方、乳糖7質量部、キサンタンガム0.02質量部、グアーガム0.02質量部、乳清ミネラルA0.5質量部、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部、及び水43.26質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、水相とした。上記油相と上記水相を混合、乳化して、予備乳化物を調製し、3MPaの圧力で均質化した後、VTIS殺菌機(アルファラバル社製UHT殺菌機)で140℃、4秒間殺菌し、再度5MPaの圧力で均質化後5℃まで冷却した。その後、冷蔵庫で24時間エージングを行い、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物Cを得た。得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物Cは、油分が42質量%であり、該油分のうち、上記無塩バターに由来する乳脂が78.6質量%であった。
[Example 3]
40 parts by mass of unsalted butter (oil content: 82.5% by mass), 9 parts by mass of palm kernel stearin, and 0.1 part by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an oil phase. Meanwhile, 7 parts by mass of lactose, 0.02 parts by mass of xanthan gum, 0.02 parts by mass of guar gum, 0.5 parts by mass of whey mineral A, 0.1 parts by mass of sucrose fatty acid ester, and 43.26 parts by mass of water were mixed. The solution was heated and dissolved at 65 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed and emulsified to prepare a preliminary emulsion, homogenized at a pressure of 3 MPa, and then sterilized at 140 ° C. for 4 seconds with a VTIS sterilizer (UHT sterilizer manufactured by Alfa Laval). The mixture was homogenized again at a pressure of 5 MPa and then cooled to 5 ° C. Thereafter, aging was performed in a refrigerator for 24 hours to obtain a foamable oil-in-water emulsion C of the present invention. The obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion C had an oil content of 42% by mass, and of the oil content, the milk fat derived from the salt-free butter was 78.6% by mass.

[実施例4]
無塩バター(油分82.5質量%)40質量部、パーム核ステアリン9質量部、及びソルビタン脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、油相とした。一方、クリームからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分の濃縮物(リン脂質含有量3.7質量%、蛋白質含有量12質量%、乳固形分38質量%、及び乳固形分中のリン脂質の含有量9.8質量%)10質量部、乳糖7質量部、キサンタンガム0.02質量部、グアーガム0.02質量部、乳清ミネラルA0.5質量部、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部、及び水33.26質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、水相とした。上記油相と上記水相を混合、乳化して、予備乳化物を調製し、3MPaの圧力で均質化した後、VTIS殺菌機(アルファラバル社製UHT殺菌機)で140℃、4秒間殺菌し、再度5MPaの圧力で均質化後5℃まで冷却した。その後、冷蔵庫で24時間エージングを行い、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物Dを得た。得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物Dは、油分が42質量%であり、該油分のうち、上記無塩バターに由来する乳脂が78.6質量%であった。
[Example 4]
40 parts by mass of unsalted butter (oil content: 82.5% by mass), 9 parts by mass of palm kernel stearin, and 0.1 part by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an oil phase. On the other hand, the concentrate of the aqueous phase component produced when producing butter oil from cream (phospholipid content 3.7% by mass, protein content 12% by mass, milk solids 38% by mass, and phosphorus in the milk solids Lipid content 9.8% by mass) 10 parts by mass, lactose 7 parts by mass, xanthan gum 0.02 parts by mass, guar gum 0.02 parts by mass, whey mineral A 0.5 parts by mass, sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1 parts by mass And 33.26 parts by mass of water were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed and emulsified to prepare a preliminary emulsion, homogenized at a pressure of 3 MPa, and then sterilized at 140 ° C. for 4 seconds with a VTIS sterilizer (UHT sterilizer manufactured by Alfa Laval). The mixture was homogenized again at a pressure of 5 MPa and then cooled to 5 ° C. Thereafter, aging was performed in a refrigerator for 24 hours to obtain a foamable oil-in-water emulsion D of the present invention. The obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion D had an oil content of 42% by mass, and of the oil content, the milk fat derived from the salt-free butter was 78.6% by mass.

[実施例5]
無塩バター(油分82.5質量%)35質量部、パーム核ステアリン5質量部、及びソルビタン脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、油相とした。一方、クリームからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分の濃縮物(リン脂質含有量3.7質量%、蛋白質含有量12質量%、乳固形分38質量%、及び乳固形分中のリン脂質の含有量9.8質量%)4質量部、乳糖7質量部、キサンタンガム0.02質量部、グアーガム0.02質量部、乳清ミネラルA0.5質量部、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部、及び水48.26質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、水相とした。上記油相と上記水相を混合、乳化して、予備乳化物を調製し、3MPaの圧力で均質化した後、VTIS殺菌機(アルファラバル社製UHT殺菌機)で140℃、4秒間殺菌し、再度5MPaの圧力で均質化後5℃まで冷却した。その後、冷蔵庫で24時間エージングを行い、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物Eを得た。得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物Eは、油分が34質量%であり、該油分のうち、上記無塩バターに由来する乳脂が85.2質量%であった。
[Example 5]
35 parts by mass of unsalted butter (oil content: 82.5% by mass), 5 parts by mass of palm kernel stearin, and 0.1 part by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an oil phase. On the other hand, the concentrate of the aqueous phase component produced when producing butter oil from cream (phospholipid content 3.7% by mass, protein content 12% by mass, milk solids 38% by mass, and phosphorus in the milk solids Lipid content 9.8% by mass) 4 parts by mass, lactose 7 parts by mass, xanthan gum 0.02 parts by mass, guar gum 0.02 parts by mass, whey mineral A 0.5 parts by mass, sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1 parts by mass And 48.26 parts by mass of water were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed and emulsified to prepare a preliminary emulsion, homogenized at a pressure of 3 MPa, and then sterilized at 140 ° C. for 4 seconds with a VTIS sterilizer (UHT sterilizer manufactured by Alfa Laval). The mixture was homogenized again at a pressure of 5 MPa and then cooled to 5 ° C. Thereafter, aging was performed in a refrigerator for 24 hours to obtain a foamable oil-in-water emulsion E according to the present invention. The obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion E had an oil content of 34% by mass, and of the oil content, the milk fat derived from the salt-free butter was 85.2% by mass.

[実施例6]
無塩バター(油分82.5質量%)31質量部、パーム核ステアリン5質量部、及びソルビタン脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、油相とした。一方、クリームからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分の濃縮物(リン脂質含有量3.7質量%、蛋白質含有量12質量%、乳固形分38質量%、及び乳固形分中のリン脂質の含有量9.8質量%)4質量部、乳糖7質量部、キサンタンガム0.02質量部、グアーガム0.02質量部、乳清ミネラルA0.5質量部、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部、及び水17.26質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、水相とした。上記油相と上記水相及び生クリーム(乳脂肪分47質量%、リン脂質0.22質量%、タンパク質1.6質量%、以下同じ)35質量部を混合、乳化して、予備乳化物を調製し、3MPaの圧力で均質化した後、VTIS殺菌機(アルファラバル社製UHT殺菌機)で140℃、4秒間殺菌し、再度5MPaの圧力で均質化後5℃まで冷却した。その後、冷蔵庫で24時間エージングを行い、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物Fを得た。得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物Fは、油分が47質量%であり、該油分のうち、上記無塩バターに由来する乳脂が54.4質量%であり、上記生クリームに由来する乳脂が35.0質量%であった。
[Example 6]
31 parts by mass of unsalted butter (oil content 82.5% by mass), 5 parts by mass of palm kernel stearin, and 0.1 part by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an oil phase. On the other hand, the concentrate of the aqueous phase component produced when producing butter oil from cream (phospholipid content 3.7% by mass, protein content 12% by mass, milk solids 38% by mass, and phosphorus in the milk solids Lipid content 9.8% by mass) 4 parts by mass, lactose 7 parts by mass, xanthan gum 0.02 parts by mass, guar gum 0.02 parts by mass, whey mineral A 0.5 parts by mass, sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1 parts by mass Part and 17.26 parts by mass of water were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase, the aqueous phase and fresh cream (milk fat content 47% by mass, phospholipid 0.22% by mass, protein 1.6% by mass, the same shall apply hereinafter) 35 parts by mass are mixed and emulsified to prepare a preliminary emulsion. After being prepared and homogenized at a pressure of 3 MPa, it was sterilized at 140 ° C. for 4 seconds with a VTIS sterilizer (UHT sterilizer manufactured by Alfa Laval), homogenized again at a pressure of 5 MPa, and then cooled to 5 ° C. Thereafter, aging was performed in a refrigerator for 24 hours to obtain a foamable oil-in-water emulsion F of the present invention. The obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion F has an oil content of 47% by mass, and of the oil content, the milk fat derived from the salt-free butter is 54.4% by mass and is derived from the fresh cream. Milk fat was 35.0 mass%.

[実施例7]
無塩バター(油分82.5質量%)40質量部、パーム核ステアリン5質量部、及びソルビタン脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、油相とした。一方、乳糖7質量部、キサンタンガム0.02質量部、グアーガム0.02質量部、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部、及び水47.76質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、水相とした。上記油相と上記水相を混合、乳化して、予備乳化物を調製し、3MPaの圧力で均質化した後、VTIS殺菌機(アルファラバル社製UHT殺菌機)で140℃、4秒間殺菌し、再度5MPaの圧力で均質化後5℃まで冷却した。その後、冷蔵庫で24時間エージングを行い、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物Gを得た。得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物Gは、油分が38質量%であり、該油分のうち、上記無塩バターに由来する乳脂が86.8質量%であった。
[Example 7]
40 parts by mass of unsalted butter (oil content: 82.5% by mass), 5 parts by mass of palm kernel stearin, and 0.1 part by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester were mixed, heated to 65 ° C. and dissolved to obtain an oil phase. On the other hand, 7 parts by mass of lactose, 0.02 parts by mass of xanthan gum, 0.02 parts by mass of guar gum, 0.1 parts by mass of sucrose fatty acid ester, and 47.76 parts by mass of water were mixed and heated to 65 ° C and dissolved. It was set as the water phase. The oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed and emulsified to prepare a preliminary emulsion, homogenized at a pressure of 3 MPa, and then sterilized at 140 ° C. for 4 seconds with a VTIS sterilizer (UHT sterilizer manufactured by Alfa Laval). The mixture was homogenized again at a pressure of 5 MPa and then cooled to 5 ° C. Thereafter, aging was performed in a refrigerator for 24 hours to obtain a foamable oil-in-water emulsion G of the present invention. The obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion G had an oil content of 38% by mass, and of the oil content, the milk fat derived from the salt-free butter was 86.8% by mass.

[実施例8]
無塩バター(油分82.5質量%)50質量部、及びソルビタン脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、油相とした。一方、クリームからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分の濃縮物(リン脂質含有量3.7質量%、蛋白質含有量12質量%、乳固形分38質量%、及び乳固形分中のリン脂質の含有量9.8質量%)4質量部、乳糖7質量部、キサンタンガム0.02質量部、グアーガム0.02質量部、乳清ミネラルA0.5質量部、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部、及び水38.26質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、水相とした。上記油相と上記水相を混合、乳化して、予備乳化物を調製し、3MPaの圧力で均質化した後、VTIS殺菌機(アルファラバル社製UHT殺菌機)で140℃、4秒間殺菌し、再度5MPaの圧力で均質化後5℃まで冷却した。その後、冷蔵庫で24時間エージングを行い、本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物Hを得た。得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物Hは、油分が41質量%であり、該油分のうち、上記無塩バターに由来する乳脂が100質量%であった。
[Example 8]
50 parts by mass of unsalted butter (82.5% by mass of oil) and 0.1 part by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an oil phase. On the other hand, the concentrate of the aqueous phase component produced when producing butter oil from cream (phospholipid content 3.7% by mass, protein content 12% by mass, milk solids 38% by mass, and phosphorus in the milk solids Lipid content 9.8% by mass) 4 parts by mass, lactose 7 parts by mass, xanthan gum 0.02 parts by mass, guar gum 0.02 parts by mass, whey mineral A 0.5 parts by mass, sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1 parts by mass And 38.26 parts by mass of water were mixed and dissolved by heating to 65 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed and emulsified to prepare a preliminary emulsion, homogenized at a pressure of 3 MPa, and then sterilized at 140 ° C. for 4 seconds with a VTIS sterilizer (UHT sterilizer manufactured by Alfa Laval). The mixture was homogenized again at a pressure of 5 MPa and then cooled to 5 ° C. Thereafter, aging was performed in a refrigerator for 24 hours to obtain a foamable oil-in-water emulsion H of the present invention. The obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion H had an oil content of 41% by mass, and of the oil content, the milk fat derived from the salt-free butter was 100% by mass.

[比較例1]
バターオイル38質量部、パーム核ステアリン6質量部、及びソルビタン脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、油相とした。一方、クリームからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分の濃縮物(リン脂質含有量3.7質量%、蛋白質含有量12質量%、乳固形分38質量%、及び乳固形分中のリン脂質の含有量9.8質量%)4質量部、乳糖7質量部、キサンタンガム0.02質量部、グアーガム0.02質量部、乳清ミネラルA0.5質量部、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部、及び水44.26質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、水相とした。上記油相と上記水相を混合、乳化して、予備乳化物を調製し、3MPaの圧力で均質化した後、VTIS殺菌機(アルファラバル社製UHT殺菌機)で140℃、4秒間殺菌し、再度5MPaの圧力で均質化後5℃まで冷却した。その後、冷蔵庫で24時間エージングを行い、比較の起泡性水中油型乳化物Iを得た。得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物Iは、油分が44質量%であり、該油分のう
ち、上記バターオイルに由来する乳脂が86.4質量%であった。
[Comparative Example 1]
38 parts by mass of butter oil, 6 parts by mass of palm kernel stearin, and 0.1 part by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an oil phase. On the other hand, the concentrate of the aqueous phase component produced when producing butter oil from cream (phospholipid content 3.7% by mass, protein content 12% by mass, milk solids 38% by mass, and phosphorus in the milk solids Lipid content 9.8% by mass) 4 parts by mass, lactose 7 parts by mass, xanthan gum 0.02 parts by mass, guar gum 0.02 parts by mass, whey mineral A 0.5 parts by mass, sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1 parts by mass And 44.26 parts by mass of water were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed and emulsified to prepare a preliminary emulsion, homogenized at a pressure of 3 MPa, and then sterilized at 140 ° C. for 4 seconds with a VTIS sterilizer (UHT sterilizer manufactured by Alfa Laval). The mixture was homogenized again at a pressure of 5 MPa and then cooled to 5 ° C. Thereafter, aging was performed in a refrigerator for 24 hours to obtain a comparative foamable oil-in-water emulsion I. The resulting foamable oil-in-water emulsion I had an oil content of 44% by mass, and of the oil content, the milk fat derived from the butter oil was 86.4% by mass.

[比較例2]
無塩バター(油分82.5質量%)5質量部、及びソルビタン脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、油相とした。一方、クリームからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分の濃縮物(リン脂質含有量3.7質量%、蛋白質含有量12質量%、乳固形分38質量%、及び乳固形分中のリン脂質の含有量9.8質量%)4質量部、乳糖7質量部、キサンタンガム0.02質量部、グアーガム0.02質量部、乳清ミネラルA0.5質量部、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部、及び水3.26質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、水相とした。上記油相と上記水相及び生クリーム(乳脂肪分47質量%)80質量部を混合、乳化して、予備乳化物を調製し、3MPaの圧力で均質化した後、VTIS殺菌機(アルファラバル社製UHT殺菌機)で140℃、4秒間殺菌し、再度5MPaの圧力で均質化後5℃まで冷却した。その後、冷蔵庫で24時間エージングを行い、起泡性水中油型乳化物Jを得た。得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物Jは、油分が42質量%であり、該油分のうち、上記無塩バターに由来する乳脂が9.9質量%であり、上記生クリームに由来する乳脂が90.1質量%であった。
[Comparative Example 2]
5 parts by mass of unsalted butter (oil content: 82.5% by mass) and 0.1 part by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an oil phase. On the other hand, the concentrate of the aqueous phase component produced when producing butter oil from cream (phospholipid content 3.7% by mass, protein content 12% by mass, milk solids 38% by mass, and phosphorus in the milk solids Lipid content 9.8% by mass) 4 parts by mass, lactose 7 parts by mass, xanthan gum 0.02 parts by mass, guar gum 0.02 parts by mass, whey mineral A 0.5 parts by mass, sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1 parts by mass Part and 3.26 parts by mass of water were mixed and dissolved by heating to 65 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase, the aqueous phase and 80 parts by weight of fresh cream (milk fat content: 47% by mass) are mixed and emulsified to prepare a preliminary emulsion, homogenized at a pressure of 3 MPa, and then subjected to a VTIS sterilizer (Alfa Laval). The product was sterilized at 140 ° C. for 4 seconds using a UHT sterilizer manufactured by the same company, homogenized again at a pressure of 5 MPa, and then cooled to 5 ° C. Thereafter, aging was performed in the refrigerator for 24 hours to obtain a foamable oil-in-water emulsion J. The obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion J has an oil content of 42% by mass, and among the oil content, milk fat derived from the salt-free butter is 9.9% by mass and is derived from the fresh cream. Milk fat was 90.1 mass%.

[比較例3]
無塩バター(油分82.5質量%)30質量部、パーム核ステアリン20質量部、及びソルビタン脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、油相とした。一方、クリームからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分の濃縮物(リン脂質含有量3.7質量%、蛋白質含有量12質量%、乳固形分38質量%、及び乳固形分中のリン脂質の含有量9.8質量%)4質量部、乳糖7質量部、キサンタンガム0.02質量部、グアーガム0.02質量部、乳清ミネラルA0.5質量部、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部、及び水38.26質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、水相とした。上記油相と上記水相を混合、乳化して、予備乳化物を調製し、3MPaの圧力で均質化した後、VTIS殺菌機(アルファラバル社製UHT殺菌機)で140℃、4秒間殺菌し、再度5MPaの圧力で均質化後5℃まで冷却した。その後、冷蔵庫で24時間エージングを行い、起泡性水中油型乳化物Kを得た。得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物Kは、油分が45質量%であり、該油分のうち、上記無塩バターに由来する乳脂が55.3質量%であった。
[Comparative Example 3]
30 parts by mass of unsalted butter (82.5% by mass of oil), 20 parts by mass of palm kernel stearin, and 0.1 parts by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an oil phase. On the other hand, the concentrate of the aqueous phase component produced when producing butter oil from cream (phospholipid content 3.7% by mass, protein content 12% by mass, milk solids 38% by mass, and phosphorus in the milk solids Lipid content 9.8% by mass) 4 parts by mass, lactose 7 parts by mass, xanthan gum 0.02 parts by mass, guar gum 0.02 parts by mass, whey mineral A 0.5 parts by mass, sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1 parts by mass And 38.26 parts by mass of water were mixed and dissolved by heating to 65 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed and emulsified to prepare a preliminary emulsion, homogenized at a pressure of 3 MPa, and then sterilized at 140 ° C. for 4 seconds with a VTIS sterilizer (UHT sterilizer manufactured by Alfa Laval). The mixture was homogenized again at a pressure of 5 MPa and then cooled to 5 ° C. Thereafter, aging was performed for 24 hours in a refrigerator, and a foamable oil-in-water emulsion K was obtained. The obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion K had an oil content of 45% by mass, and of the oil content, the milk fat derived from the salt-free butter was 55.3% by mass.

[比較例4]
パーム核ステアリン40質量部、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、油相とした。一方、クリームからバターオイルを製造する際に生じる水相成分の濃縮物(リン脂質含有量3.7質量%、蛋白質含有量12質量%、乳固形分38質量%、乳固形分中のリン脂質の含有量9.8質量%)4質量部、乳糖7質量部、キサンタンガム0.02質量部、グアーガム0.02質量部、乳清ミネラルA0.5質量部、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル0.1質量部、水48.26質量部を混合し、65℃に加温溶解し、水相とした。上記油相と上記水相を混合、乳化して、予備乳化物を調製し、3MPaの圧力で均質化した後、VTIS殺菌機(アルファラバル社製UHT殺菌機)で140℃、4秒間殺菌し、再度5MPaの圧力で均質化後5℃まで冷却した。その後、冷蔵庫で24時間エージングを行い、起泡性水中油型乳化物Lを得た。得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物Lは、油分が40質量%であった。
[Comparative Example 4]
40 parts by mass of palm kernel stearin and 0.1 part by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester were mixed and dissolved by heating at 65 ° C. to obtain an oil phase. On the other hand, the concentrate of the aqueous phase component produced when producing butter oil from cream (phospholipid content 3.7% by mass, protein content 12% by mass, milk solids 38% by mass, phospholipids in milk solids Content of 9.8 mass%) 4 parts by mass, lactose 7 parts by mass, xanthan gum 0.02 parts by mass, guar gum 0.02 parts by mass, whey mineral A 0.5 parts by mass, sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1 parts by mass 48.26 parts by mass of water were mixed and dissolved by heating to 65 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed and emulsified to prepare a preliminary emulsion, homogenized at a pressure of 3 MPa, and then sterilized at 140 ° C. for 4 seconds with a VTIS sterilizer (UHT sterilizer manufactured by Alfa Laval). The mixture was homogenized again at a pressure of 5 MPa and then cooled to 5 ° C. Thereafter, aging was performed in a refrigerator for 24 hours to obtain a foamable oil-in-water emulsion L. The obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion L had an oil content of 40% by mass.

[比較例5]
生クリーム(乳脂肪分47質量%)90質量部、乳糖7質量部、及び水3質量部を混合、乳化して、予備乳化物を調製し、3MPaの圧力で均質化した後、VTIS殺菌機(アルファラバル社製UHT殺菌機)で140℃、4秒間殺菌し、再度5MPaの圧力で均質化後5℃まで冷却した。その後、冷蔵庫で24時間エージングを行い、起泡性水中油型乳化物Mを得た。得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物Mは、油分が42質量%であり、該油分のうち、上記生クリームに由来する乳脂が100質量%であった。
[Comparative Example 5]
90 parts by weight of fresh cream (milk fat content: 47% by weight), 7 parts by weight of lactose and 3 parts by weight of water were mixed and emulsified to prepare a pre-emulsion, homogenized at a pressure of 3 MPa, and then VTIS sterilizer The mixture was sterilized at 140 ° C. for 4 seconds with (UHT sterilizer manufactured by Alfa Laval), homogenized again at a pressure of 5 MPa, and then cooled to 5 ° C. Thereafter, aging was performed in a refrigerator for 24 hours to obtain a foamable oil-in-water emulsion M. The obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion M had an oil content of 42% by mass, and of the oil content, the milk fat derived from the fresh cream was 100% by mass.

[起泡性水中油型乳化油脂組成物の評価]
得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物に関し、保管中の乳化安定性について、下記の方法で評価を行なった。結果を下記〔表1〕及び〔表2〕に示す。更に、得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物をミキサーボウルに投入し、縦型ミキサーを使用して毎分700回転の速度で最適起泡状態に達するまで起泡させ、起泡時間及び終点幅を測定し、下記の方法で評価を行った。結果を〔表1〕及び〔表2〕に示す。また、得られたホイップドクリームの食感(乳風味及びコク味)について、下記の方法で評価を行った。結果を下記〔表1〕及び〔表2〕に示す。
[Evaluation of foamable oil-in-water emulsified oil / fat composition]
The resulting foamable oil-in-water emulsion was evaluated for the emulsion stability during storage by the following method. The results are shown in [Table 1] and [Table 2] below. Further, the obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion is put into a mixer bowl and foamed using a vertical mixer at a speed of 700 revolutions per minute until the optimum foaming state is reached. The width was measured and evaluated by the following method. The results are shown in [Table 1] and [Table 2]. Moreover, about the food texture (milk flavor and richness) of the obtained whipped cream, it evaluated by the following method. The results are shown in [Table 1] and [Table 2] below.

・乳化安定性(ボテ)の評価方法
得られた起泡性水中油型乳化物を20℃で1時間調温した後、振動器を用い100回/37秒で水平方向に振動させた。起泡性水中油型乳化物が流動性を失うまでの振動回数が10000回以上のものを◎、5000回以上〜10000回未満のものを○、5000回未満のものを×とした。
-Evaluation method of emulsification stability (bottom) The obtained foamable oil-in-water emulsion was temperature-controlled at 20 ° C for 1 hour and then vibrated in a horizontal direction at 100 times / 37 seconds using a vibrator. The number of vibrations until the foamable oil-in-water emulsion loses fluidity is 10000 times or more: ◎ 5000 times or more and less than 10000 times ○: less than 5000 times.

・起泡時間(ホイップタイム)の評価方法
起泡時間が3分以上5分未満のものを◎、2分以上3分未満又は5分以上6分未満のものを○、2分未満又は6分以上のものを×として評価した。
・ Evaluation method of foaming time (whipping time) ◎ For foaming time 3 minutes or more and less than 5 minutes ◎ For 2 minutes or more and less than 3 minutes or 5 minutes or more and less than 6 minutes ○ For less than 2 minutes or 6 minutes The above was evaluated as x.

・終点幅の評価方法
オーバーランが90以上、且つ硬さが40gf以上を保持できる時間を測定し、この時間が30秒以上のものを◎、20秒以上30秒未満のものを○、10秒以上20秒未満のものを△、10秒未満のものを×として評価した。終点幅の終点はオーバーランが下降し始めた時点とした。
尚、硬さの測定は、FUDOUレオメーター(レオテック社製)にて行った。測定方法は、測定直前にホイップドクリームを、内径63mm及び高さ50mmのサンプル容器(ステンレス)に入れ、サンプル容器中のホイップドクリームに対し、直径30mmのプランジャーを速度6cm/分で挿入し、プランジャーが10mm進入したときの硬さを評価した。
-End point width evaluation method Measure the time overrun is 90 or more and hardness can be kept 40gf or more. ◎ If this time is 30 seconds or more, ◎, 20 seconds or more and less than 30 seconds ○, 10 seconds Evaluations were made for those with less than 20 seconds and Δ for those with less than 10 seconds. The end point of the end point width was the point when the overrun began to descend.
The hardness was measured with a FUDOU rheometer (manufactured by Rheotech). As for the measurement method, the whipped cream is put in a sample container (stainless steel) with an inner diameter of 63 mm and a height of 50 mm immediately before the measurement, and a plunger with a diameter of 30 mm is inserted at a speed of 6 cm / min into the whipped cream in the sample container. The hardness when the plunger entered 10 mm was evaluated.

・風味(乳風味)の評価方法
得られたホイップドクリームを口にふくんだときの乳味感を、15人のパネラーにて官能試験した。「乳風味が良好なもの」、「乳風味が不良なもの」、及び「どちらともいえないもの」の3段階で評価し、「乳風味が良好なもの」に2点、「どちらともいえないもの」に1点、「乳風味が不良なもの」に0点を与え、合計点が26点以上のものを◎+、23〜25点のものを◎、20〜22点のものを○、15〜19点のものを△、14点以下のものを×とした。
-Evaluation method of flavor (milk flavor) The sensory test was performed by 15 panelists on the milky taste when the obtained whipped cream was put in the mouth. Evaluated in three levels: “A good milk flavor”, “A poor milk flavor”, and “None”, and two points for “A good milk flavor”. 1 item is given to “thing”, 0 point is given to “thing with poor milk flavor”, ◎ + are those with a total score of 26 or more, ◎ + are those with 23-25 points, ◯ are those with 20-22 points, Those having 15 to 19 points were evaluated as Δ, and those having 14 points or less as ×.

・コク味の評価
得られたホイップドクリームを口にふくんだときのコク味を、15人のパネラーにて官能試験した。「コク味が良好なもの」、「コク味が不良なもの」、及び「どちらともいえないもの」の3段階で評価し、「コク味が良好なもの」に2点、「どちらともいえないもの」に1点、「コク味が不良なもの」に0点を与え、合計点が28点以上のものを◎+、25〜27点のものを◎、20〜24点のものを○、15〜19点のものを△、14点以下のものを×とした。
-Evaluation of body taste The body taste when the obtained whipped cream was put in the mouth was subjected to a sensory test with 15 panelists. Evaluated in three levels: “Good taste”, “Bad taste” and “None”, 2 points for “Good taste”, “None” 1 point is given to "Things", 0 points are given to "Those with poor body taste", those with a total score of 28 or more are ◎ +, those with 25 to 27 points are ◎, those with 20 to 24 points are ○, Those having 15 to 19 points were evaluated as Δ, and those having 14 points or less as ×.

Figure 0005851153
Figure 0005851153

Figure 0005851153
Figure 0005851153

上記〔表1〕及び〔表2〕の結果から、上記(a)〜(c)の条件を具備する本発明の起泡性水中油型乳化物は、保存時の乳化安定性に優れ、ホイップタイムが良好かつ終点幅が広く、さらに生クリームと同等の濃厚な乳風味やコク味を有するものであった。
一方、上記(a)〜(c)の条件の何れかを満たさない比較の起泡性水中油型乳化物は、保存時の乳化安定性が不良であったり、ホイップタイムが短かかったり、終点幅が狭かったり、乳風味又はコク味が不良であったりするものであった。
From the results of the above [Table 1] and [Table 2], the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of the present invention having the conditions (a) to (c) is excellent in emulsion stability during storage and is whipped. The thyme was good and the end point width was wide, and it had a rich milk flavor and richness equivalent to fresh cream.
On the other hand, a comparative foamable oil-in-water emulsion that does not satisfy any of the above conditions (a) to (c) has poor emulsification stability during storage, a short whipping time, or an end point. The width was narrow and the milk flavor or richness was poor.

Claims (4)

下記(a)〜(c)の条件を満たし、油分含有量が40質量%より大である、ホイップドクリーム用起泡性水中油型乳化物。
(a)乳脂原料としてバーを含有する。
(b)上記(a)の乳脂原料に由来する乳脂が、水中油型乳化物の油分のうち60質量%以上を占める。
(c)タンパク質含有量が、水中油型乳化物の0.8質量%以下である。
Meets the following conditions (a) ~ (c), oil content is greater than 40 wt%, whipped cream foamable oil-in-water emulsion.
(A) as the milk fat raw materials containing the bus te.
(B) The milk fat derived from the milk fat raw material of the above (a) accounts for 60% by mass or more of the oil content of the oil-in-water emulsion.
(C) Protein content is 0.8 mass% or less of an oil-in-water emulsion.
乳由来の固形分中のリン脂質の含有量が2質量%以上である乳原料を含有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の起泡性水中油型乳化物。   The foamable oil-in-water emulsion according to claim 1, comprising a milk raw material having a phospholipid content of 2% by mass or more in a milk-derived solid content. 乳清ミネラルを含有することを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の起泡性水中油型乳化物。   The foamable oil-in-water emulsion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by containing whey minerals. 請求項1〜の何れか1項に記載の起泡性水中油型乳化物を起泡してなるホイップドクリーム。 The whipped cream formed by foaming the foamable oil-in-water emulsion of any one of Claims 1-3 .
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