JP5848702B2 - レスピレータ - Google Patents
レスピレータ Download PDFInfo
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- JP5848702B2 JP5848702B2 JP2012519849A JP2012519849A JP5848702B2 JP 5848702 B2 JP5848702 B2 JP 5848702B2 JP 2012519849 A JP2012519849 A JP 2012519849A JP 2012519849 A JP2012519849 A JP 2012519849A JP 5848702 B2 JP5848702 B2 JP 5848702B2
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- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
- A61M16/0066—Blowers or centrifugal pumps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
- A61M16/0066—Blowers or centrifugal pumps
- A61M16/0069—Blowers or centrifugal pumps the speed thereof being controlled by respiratory parameters, e.g. by inhalation
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- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
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- A61M16/106—Filters in a path
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- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/14—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
- A61M16/142—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase with semi-permeable walls separating the liquid from the respiratory gas
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- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
- A62B18/006—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort with pumps for forced ventilation
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- A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
- A62B18/082—Assembling eyepieces, lenses or vision-correction means in or on gas-masks
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- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
- A61M2016/0033—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical
- A61M2016/0039—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical in the inspiratory circuit
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- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
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- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/36—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling
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- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/36—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling
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- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/36—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling
- A61M2205/3673—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling thermo-electric, e.g. Peltier effect, thermocouples, semi-conductors
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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- Hematology (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Description
ユーザの少なくとも口又は鼻孔をほぼ取り囲むように適合されたマスク、及び
前記マスクに取り付けられた、前記ユーザの首の後部をほぼ取り囲むように適合された首構成要素であって、周辺環境からろ過されていない空気を受け入れ、前記ろ過されていない空気をろ過し、ろ過された空気を前記マスクに与えるための流れ発生器を含む、首構成要素と、
空気を前記流れ発生器から前記マスクまで運ぶように構成された入口空気チャネルと、
前記入口チャネルとは別体の、空気を前記マスクから運ぶように構成された出口空気チャネルを含み、
前記入口空気チャネル及び出口空気チャネルは、前記マスクの両側で前記マスクに対して開口しており、それにより、空気流は、前記ユーザの口又は鼻孔を横切って流れるように配置される呼吸装置、を提供する。
流れセンサ、
圧力センサ、
負イオン発生器、
加熱器、
冷却器、
フィルタ組立体、
ブロワ、
パワー供給装置、
消音器、
ユーザーインターフェース、及び
加湿器/除湿器のいずれか一つ又はその組合せをさらに含む。
粗ろ過フィルタ、
プリフィルタ、
高効率粒子空気(HEPA)フィルタ、
高性能炭素フィルタ、
活性炭素フィルタ(蒸気活性化又は多種化学物質による活性化)、
光触媒フィルタ又はコーティング(周辺光及び/又はLEDによる活性化)、及び
低温触媒フィルタのいずれか一つ又はその組合せをさらに含む。
ユーザ制御されたインターフェース、
遠隔制御器、
充電式電池、
電池パック、及び
モータ制御器のいずれか一つ又はその組合せを含む。
ユーザの少なくとも口及び/又は鼻孔をほぼ取り囲むように構成されたマスクと、
周辺環境からろ過されていない空気を受け入れ、前記ろ過されていない空気をろ過し、ろ過された空気の空気流をマスクに与えるように構成された流れ発生器と、
必要とされる空気流量を決定し、流れ発生器を制御してマスクへの空気流を必要とされる空気流量にしたがって調整するように構成されたセンサ及び制御器と、を備えて、
前記センサ及び制御器は、必要とされる空気流量を決定するためにユーザの吸入時の空気流の変化率を測定するように構成された呼吸装置を提供する。
ユーザの少なくとも口及び/又は鼻孔をほぼ取り囲むように構成されたマスクと、
周辺環境からろ過されていない空気を受け入れ、ろ過されていない空気をろ過し、ろ過された空気の空気流をマスクに与えるように構成された流れ発生器と、
空気を前記流れ発生器から前記マスクまで運ぶように構成された入口空気チャネルと、
入口空気チャネルとは別体の、空気を前記マスクから運ぶように構成された出口空気チャネルと、を備えて、
前記入口空気チャネル及び出口空気チャネルは、マスクの両側でマスクに対して開口しており、それにより、空気流は、ユーザの口又は鼻孔を横切って流れるように構成された、呼吸装置を提供する。
本発明のレスピレータ又は呼吸装置組立体は、マスク構成要素及び首構成要素を含む。マスク構成要素は、ユーザの口及び/又は首をほぼ取り囲むように適合され、一方で首構成要素は、マスク構成要素に取り付け可能であり、ユーザの首の後部を取り囲むように適合されている。首構成要素は、周辺環境からろ過されていない空気を中に受け入れ、ろ過されていない空気をろ過し、ろ過された空気をマスクに与えるための流れ発生器及び関連する処理手段を含む。
既存のPAPRデバイスは、マスクを顔に固定するために、及び空気をマスクに供給するために別個の手段を使用する。例えば、多くのPAPRは、可撓性のホースを使用して流れ発生器からマスクに空気を供給し、別個の頭部ストラップを使用してマスクを顔上に保持する。他のものは、ユーザ頭部の上部の筺体内にファンを装着し、空気を直接マスク内に排出するが、マスクを顔に対して保持するために別個のストラップ又はバンドを使用する。
PAPRの既存の設計は、マスク上に張力を維持し、したがってマスクをユーザの顔に対してシールするのをエラストマーストラップ又は何らかの形態の剛性バンドに頼る。システムのいずれのタイプも、調整が困難で時間がかかり得、他の問題を被る傾向があり得る。特に、そのようなエラストマーストラップ用の調整機構は、その調整にかなりの力を必要とする傾向がある。剛性システムは、例えば頭部が動いている間の流れ発生器とユーザの顔の間の距離におけるどのような変化も補償しない。この理由のため、これらは、マスクのクッションと顔の間に漏れを被る傾向がある。
低温及び/又は乾燥の天候では、空気中の適切な湿度の欠如は、鼻道及び唇の乾燥及びひび割れ、並びに鼻内の極度な冷たさの感覚を含む、かなりの不快感を引き起こし得る。既存のPAPR設計のどのようなものも、マスク空気の温度又は湿度の制御を提供していない。本発明は、これらの欠陥を解消して、呼吸装置をいかなる天候状態でも着用/使用するのに快適なものにしようとするものである。図9から15は、本発明の呼吸装置で通常使用され得る空気温度/湿度制御デバイスの例を示している。
既存のPAPRは、しばしば、特有のガスに合わせて特有のガスフィルタを使用する必要があり、所与のフィルタに対してかなりの物理的サイズを求める高めのガス濃度を有する環境を対象とすることが多い。これは、一般的な街中の道路の汚染物質保護には実用的ではなく、ここではこのガスの汚染物質は、CO、NOx、SO2、O3、VOC、煙、アンモニアなどの一つ又はすべてになり得るが、ほとんどのPAPRが対象とする一般的な工業的環境に比べて比較的低い濃度を有する。本発明は、粒子ろ過に加えて、最も一般的な街中のガス汚染物質をマスクの内側で不健康なものから良好なものにろ過することもできる、低プロファイル形状の特別なフィルタを説明している。ガスのろ過は、活性炭素フィルタ及び光触媒フィルタの一方又は両方によって達成される。前記光触媒フィルタは、好ましくはTiO2で作製され、すべての種類の光、好ましくは標準的なLEDに反応しやすい。これは、UV光を不必要とし、製品の安全性の向上を助ける。
図19Aから19Eは、本発明の流れ発生器モジュールの応答性の流れ制御で使用され得るステップであって、それによって、呼吸チャンバに与えられる空気の量が、呼吸に応答するものであり、その応答性は、好ましくはユーザが調整可能でもある、ステップのさまざまなフロー図を示している。
呼吸装置の特定の要求事項により、新しい製造及び装着設備が、ブラシレスDCモータのトロイダルコアのために開発されており、これは、本発明の呼吸装置に有用である。
いくつかの好ましい形態を本明細書の上記で説明してきたことが理解されよう。数多くの変形形態及び改変形態が、当業者に明白になるであろう。例えば、図22では、ユーザの目に対する保護をもたらすために、任意選択で「日よけ板」をどのようにしてデバイスに取り付けることができるかが、示されている。図示するように、日よけ板29は、取り付け手段27に解放可能に取り付けられ得る。
Claims (12)
- ユーザの少なくとも口又は鼻孔をほぼ取り囲むように適合されたマスクと、
前記ユーザの首の後部をほぼ取り囲むように適合され、周辺環境からろ過されていない空気を受け入れ、前記ろ過されていない空気をろ過し、ろ過された空気を前記マスクに与えるための流れ発生器を含む首構成要素であって、前記マスクを前記首構成要素に対して移動及び保持するための調整機構を含む少なくとも一つの共働対合クリップによって前記マスクに解放可能に係合された首構成要素と、
空気を前記流れ発生器から前記マスクまで運ぶように構成された入口空気チャネルと、
前記入口空気チャネルとは別体の、空気を前記マスクから運ぶように構成された空気出口とを含む、呼吸装置であって、
前記マスク及び前記首構成要素の各々が、前記入口空気チャネルの一部を規定する部分を含み、前記少なくとも一つの共働対合クリップがその部分に解放可能に係合してその間のシールを形成している、呼吸装置。 - 前記調整機構がラチェット機構及び解放機構を含み、前記解放機構を作動することによって前記ラチェット機構が分離され、それにより、前記マスクが前記首構成要素に対して移動するようになっている、請求項1に記載の呼吸装置。
- 前記呼吸装置の作動に関する構成要素部分が、前記首構成要素内に配置されている、請求項1又は2に記載の呼吸装置。
- 前記マスクを装飾するためのカバー及び前記ユーザの顔を保護するための日よけ板の少なくとも一方をさらに含む、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置。
- 前記マスクを適所に保持するために、前記ユーザの頭部を覆って取り付けられるように適合されたストラップをさらに含む、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置。
- 流れセンサ及び圧力センサの少なくとも一方をさらに含み、前記流れセンサ及び前記圧力センサが、前記マスクの空気流及び空気圧力の少なくとも一方を調整するために前記流れ発生器にフィードバック信号を与えるように構成された、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置。
- 前記呼吸装置が、フィルタをさらに含む、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置。
- 前記首構成要素が、前記ユーザの首に着座するように構成された少なくとも一つのパッド付き部分をさらに含む、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置。
- 前記空気出口から排出された空気をろ過するように構成された呼気フィルタをさらに含む、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置。
- 前記空気出口が、前記マスクと前記首構成要素の間に延びており、かつ、前記首構成要素の近傍に配置された排気ポートを含む、請求項9に記載の呼吸装置。
- 前記呼気フィルタが、排気ポートと一体的に形成されている、請求項9に記載の呼吸装置。
- 前記入口空気チャネル及び前記空気出口が、前記マスクの両側で前記マスクに対して開口しており、それにより、前記ユーザの口又は鼻孔を横切って流れるように空気流が構成された、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置。
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JP2012533327A (ja) | 2012-12-27 |
CN102781520B (zh) | 2016-06-08 |
US20150314144A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
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EP2453989A1 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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EP2453989B1 (en) | 2019-10-23 |
PL2453989T3 (pl) | 2020-05-18 |
AU2010273182A1 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
CN102781520A (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
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