JP5832677B1 - Wound dressing - Google Patents
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Abstract
【課題】湿潤環境を維持すると共に、クッション性を有した創傷被覆材を提供する。【解決手段】創傷被覆材１は、吸水性を有する第１吸収層３と、吸収性及び保水性を有する第２吸収層５と、外部への液体の漏れを防止する防水層７と、第１吸収層３、第２吸収層５及び防水層７を包む複数の孔１１を有する被覆材９とを備える。これにより、被覆層９の孔１１を通して第１吸収層３によって褥瘡患部から滲み出る体液を吸収し、第１吸収層３が飽和状態又は飽和状態に近くなったとき、第２吸収層５が第１吸収層３から余分の体液を吸収して保持することにより、褥瘡患部を適度な湿潤環境で維持することができる。また、クッション性を有した第１吸収層３によって、身体に加わった外力による圧迫を和らげることができる。【選択図】図２The present invention provides a wound dressing having a cushioning property while maintaining a moist environment. A wound dressing 1 includes a first absorbent layer 3 having water absorbency, a second absorbent layer 5 having absorbency and water retention, a waterproof layer 7 for preventing leakage of liquid to the outside, And a covering material 9 having a plurality of holes 11 surrounding the first absorbent layer 3, the second absorbent layer 5 and the waterproof layer 7. As a result, when the first absorption layer 3 absorbs the body fluid that oozes from the affected area of the pressure ulcer through the hole 11 of the covering layer 9, and the first absorption layer 3 becomes saturated or close to saturation, the second absorption layer 5 By absorbing and holding excess body fluid from the absorbent layer 3, the pressure ulcer affected area can be maintained in a moderately moist environment. Moreover, the compression by the external force added to the body can be relieved by the 1st absorption layer 3 which has cushioning properties. [Selection] Figure 2
Description
本発明は、褥瘡等の創傷の治療に用いる創傷被覆材に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a wound dressing used for the treatment of wounds such as pressure ulcers.
自宅、病院等で長期間にわたり同じ体勢で寝たきりになった患者は、仙骨部、肩甲骨部又は踵等の***部分がベット、布団等の寝具に接触し圧迫され続けることで、皮膚の血管が圧迫されて血流が途絶え血行不全となって、組織の壊死を起こす、いわゆる、褥瘡（床ずれ）を発症することが多い。 Patients who have been bedridden with the same posture for a long time at home, hospital, etc., have their sacral, scapular, or heel-like raised parts in contact with bedding such as beds, bedding, etc. In many cases, pressure ulcers (bed sores) are developed that cause pressure loss and blood flow disruption resulting in poor blood circulation and necrosis of tissues.
このような、褥瘡の治療には、一般的に、患部を保護すると共に余分な体液を吸収する創傷被覆材が用いられている。褥瘡治療においては、乾燥による組織の壊死を防止し、再生組織による治癒を促進するために患部を適度な湿潤状態に保つことが望ましいことが分かっている。 For the treatment of such pressure sores, a wound dressing that protects the affected area and absorbs excess body fluid is generally used. In the treatment of pressure ulcers, it has been found desirable to keep the affected area moderately moist to prevent tissue necrosis due to desiccation and promote healing by regenerative tissue.
褥瘡治療用の創傷被覆材として、例えば、特許文献１には、湿潤環境を維持するようにした傷手当用品が記載されている。この傷手当用品は、熱傷、褥瘡等の傷からの体液を吸収する吸収層と、この吸収層を包んだ被覆層とを備え、吸収層にゲル物質を含ませ、体液吸収時にゲルを形成することにより、傷と傷手当用品との間で湿潤状態を保ち、治癒を促進するようにしている。 As a wound dressing for treating pressure ulcers, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a wound dressing product that maintains a moist environment. This wound care product comprises an absorbent layer that absorbs body fluids from wounds such as burns and pressure ulcers, and a covering layer that encloses the absorbent layer. The absorbent layer contains a gel substance and forms a gel when absorbing body fluids. This keeps the moist state between the wound and the wound dressing and promotes healing.
このように、褥瘡の治療には、余分な体液を吸収しつつ、適度な湿潤環境を保つことが重要であると同時に、長期間にわたり同じ体勢で寝たきりになっている身体に加る外力による圧迫を和らげ、患部を保護することが望まれる。 Thus, for treating pressure ulcers, it is important to maintain an appropriate moist environment while absorbing excess body fluids, and at the same time, compression by external force applied to the body lying on the same posture for a long time It is desirable to relieve the pain and protect the affected area.
本願発明は、上記の点に鑑みてなされたものであり、創傷の患部に対して余分な体液を吸収して適度な湿潤環境を維持すると共に、外力等による圧迫を和らげるクッション性に優れた創傷被覆材を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and absorbs excess body fluid to the affected area of the wound to maintain an appropriate moist environment, and has excellent cushioning properties that relieve pressure due to external force and the like. An object is to provide a covering material.
上記の課題を解決するために、請求項１の発明に係る創傷被覆材は、液体を吸収する吸水性を有する、天然繊維、合成繊維又はこれらの混合物からなる織布又は不織布である第１吸収層と、
前記第１吸収層に積層され、前記第１吸収層から液体を吸収すると共に吸収した液体を保持して前記第１吸収層に戻りにくくする保水性を有する高吸水性高分子材料からなる第２吸収層と、
前記第２吸収層の前記第１吸収層とは反対側に積層された防水層と、
積層された前記第１吸収層、前記第２吸収層及び前記防水層の全体を被覆し、液体不透過性の材料からなり、前記第１吸収層を覆う面及び前記防水層を覆う面の両方に液体を透過させる大きさの複数の孔が設けられた被覆層と、を備えていることを特徴とする。
請求項２に係る創傷被覆材は、上記請求項１の構成において、前記防水層は、前記第２吸収層に接着されていることを特徴とする。
請求項３に係る創傷被覆材は、上記請求項１又は２の構成において、前記第１吸収層は、脱脂綿であることを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the wound dressing according to the invention of claim 1 is a first absorbent which is a woven or non-woven fabric made of natural fiber, synthetic fiber or a mixture thereof, which has a water absorption property to absorb liquid. Layers,
A second layer made of a highly water-absorbing polymer material that is laminated on the first absorbent layer and absorbs liquid from the first absorbent layer and retains the absorbed liquid so that it is difficult to return to the first absorbent layer . An absorbent layer;
A waterproof layer laminated on the opposite side of the second absorbent layer from the first absorbent layer ;
Both of the surface covering the first absorbent layer and the surface covering the waterproof layer, covering the entirety of the laminated first absorbent layer, the second absorbent layer and the waterproof layer and made of a liquid-impermeable material. And a coating layer provided with a plurality of holes of a size that allows liquid to pass therethrough .
The wound dressing according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the configuration of claim 1, the waterproof layer is bonded to the second absorbent layer .
The wound dressing according to claim 3 is characterized in that , in the configuration of claim 1 or 2, the first absorbent layer is absorbent cotton .
本発明によれば、創傷の患部に対して余分な体液を吸収して適度な湿潤環境を維持すると共に、外力等による圧迫を和らげるクッション性に優れた創傷被覆材を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a wound dressing material excellent in cushioning properties that absorbs excess body fluid to an affected area of a wound to maintain an appropriate moist environment and relieves pressure due to external force or the like.
以下、本発明の実施形態に係る創傷被覆材を図１及び図２に基づいて詳細に説明する。
本発明の創傷被覆材１は、褥瘡等の創傷の患部を覆うように貼り付けて、創傷患部から滲み出る余分な体液を吸収しつつ、適度な湿潤環境を維持して、創傷治療を行うものであるが、以下、一例として、褥瘡の治療を行う場合について説明する。
図１及び図２に示すように、創傷被覆材１は、第１吸収層３と、この第１吸収層３の上に積層された第２吸収層５と、この第２吸収層５の上に積層された防水層７と、第１吸収層３、第２吸収層５及び防水層７を包む被覆材９とを備える。
Hereinafter, the wound dressing which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated in detail based on FIG.1 and FIG.2.
The wound dressing 1 of the present invention is applied so as to cover an affected area of a wound such as pressure ulcer, and absorbs excess body fluid that exudes from the affected area of the wound while maintaining a moderate moist environment to perform wound treatment. However, as an example, the case of treating pressure ulcer will be described below.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the wound dressing 1 includes a first absorbent layer 3, a second absorbent layer 5 laminated on the first absorbent layer 3, and a top of the second absorbent layer 5. And a covering material 9 that wraps the first absorbent layer 3, the second absorbent layer 5, and the waterproof layer 7.
第１吸収層３は、平面視略正方形の吸収性を有するシート状部材であり、被覆層９の複数の孔１１（後述）を介して褥瘡患部から滲み出る体液を吸収するものである。更に、第１吸収層３は、長期間にわたり同じ体勢で寝たきりになっている身体に加わる外力による圧迫を和らげるためにクッション材としての機能も有するものである。このため、本実施形態では、第１吸収層３の材料として、適度の吸水性及びクッション性を有する脱脂綿を採用している。また、適度な吸収性及びクッション性が得られるものであれば脱脂綿に限らず、例えば、織布、不織布等からなるものでもよく、その材質は、天然繊維、合成繊維あるいはこれらの混合物でもよい。 The first absorbent layer 3 is a sheet-like member having a substantially square absorbency in plan view, and absorbs body fluid that oozes from the pressure ulcer affected part through a plurality of holes 11 (described later) of the covering layer 9. Furthermore, the 1st absorption layer 3 also has a function as a cushioning material in order to relieve the pressure by the external force added to the body which has been bedridden with the same posture over a long period of time. For this reason, in the present embodiment, absorbent cotton having appropriate water absorption and cushioning properties is adopted as the material of the first absorbent layer 3. Moreover, as long as appropriate absorbency and cushioning properties can be obtained, the absorbent cotton is not limited to absorbent cotton, and may be made of, for example, woven fabric, non-woven fabric, or the like, and the material may be natural fiber, synthetic fiber, or a mixture thereof.
第２吸収層５は、第１吸収層３と同様の平面視略正方形の吸水性を有するシート状部材であり、第１吸水層３の上に積層される。第２吸収層５は、更に、吸収した液体を保持して、第１吸収層３に戻りにくくする保水性を有する。具体的には、第２吸収層５は、体液を吸収した第１吸収層３が飽和状態又はこれに近い状態になったとき、第１吸収層から余分な体液を吸収して保持することにより、褥瘡患部を適度な湿潤環境に維持するためのものである。この第２吸収層５の材料としては、吸収性及び保水性を有する、例えば、ポリアクリル酸塩系、ポリスルホン酸塩系等の高吸水性高分子材料を採用することができる。 The second absorbent layer 5, a sheet-like member having a water absorbing similar plan view square to the first absorbent layer 3 is laminated on the first absorption water layer 3. The second absorbent layer 5 further has a water retention property that holds the absorbed liquid and makes it difficult to return to the first absorbent layer 3. Specifically, the second absorbent layer 5 absorbs and retains excess body fluid from the first absorbent layer when the first absorbent layer 3 that has absorbed the body fluid is saturated or close to this state. In order to maintain the affected area of pressure ulcer in a moderate moist environment. As the material of the second absorbent layer 5, for example, a highly water-absorbing polymer material having absorptivity and water retention, such as polyacrylate and polysulfonate, can be employed.
防水層７は、平面視略正方形のフィルム状部材であり、第２吸収層５の上に積層され、褥瘡患部から滲み出る体液及び第１、第２吸収層３，５が吸収した体液が外部に漏れないようにするものである。また、防水層７は、第２吸収層５に接着されている。これにより、防水層７は、第２吸収層５が第１吸収層から余分な体液を吸収したとき、第２吸収層５の型くずれ、よれ及びしわを防ぐことができる。防水層７の材料としては、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等の防水性の材料を採用することができる。 The waterproof layer 7 is a film-like member having a substantially square shape in plan view. The waterproof layer 7 is laminated on the second absorbent layer 5, and the body fluid that oozes from the pressure ulcer affected part and the body fluid absorbed by the first and second absorbent layers 3 and 5 are externally provided. It is intended to prevent leakage. Moreover, the waterproof layer 7 is adhered to the second absorption layer 5. Thus, the waterproof layer 7, when the second absorbent layer 5 has absorbed the excess fluid from the first absorbent layer, the original shape of the second absorption layer 5 can be prevented According and wrinkles. As a material of the waterproof layer 7, for example, a waterproof material such as polyethylene or polypropylene can be employed.
被覆材９は、第１吸収層３、第２吸収層５及び防水層７を包む薄いシート状部材であり、両面に多数の孔１１が設けられている。そして、褥瘡患部から滲み出る体液をこの孔１１（開口部）を通して、第１吸収層３で吸収する。また、孔１１により、被覆材９に適度な通気性を与えている。被覆材９は、折り曲げた１枚のシートの間に第１吸収層３、第２吸収層５及び防水層７を挟み込み、その周縁部の３ヵ所をヒートシールによって接合して、熱融着部１３を形成することにより、第１吸収層３、第２吸収層５及び防水層７を包み込んでいる。また、被覆材９の材料としては、褥瘡患部にはり付きにくい液体不透過性材料が好ましく、例えば、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル、ナイロン等を採用することができる。 The covering material 9 is a thin sheet-like member that wraps the first absorbent layer 3, the second absorbent layer 5, and the waterproof layer 7, and is provided with a large number of holes 11 on both sides. And the body fluid which oozes out from the pressure ulcer affected part is absorbed by the 1st absorption layer 3 through this hole 11 (opening). Further, the hole 11 gives the covering material 9 appropriate air permeability. Covering material 9, between the one sheet folded sheet first absorbent layer 3, the pinching second absorbent layer 5 and the waterproof layer 7, by joining three locations of the peripheral portion by heat sealing, heat fusion bonded portion By forming 13, the first absorbent layer 3, the second absorbent layer 5, and the waterproof layer 7 are wrapped. Moreover, as a material of the covering material 9, a liquid-impermeable material which is difficult to stick to the pressure ulcer affected part is preferable, and for example, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, nylon and the like can be adopted.
以上のように構成された創傷被覆材１の作用について、次に説明する。
創傷被覆材１は、被覆材９の接触面９ａ（第１吸収層３側の面）を患者の褥瘡患部に対向させ、褥瘡患部を覆うように配置され、ビニールテープ、不織布テープ等のテープ又は包帯等を使用して、固定される。
Next, the operation of the wound dressing 1 configured as described above will be described.
The wound dressing 1 is arranged so that the contact surface 9a (the surface on the first absorbent layer 3 side) of the dressing 9 is opposed to the patient's pressure ulcer affected area and covers the pressure ulcer affected area, and is a tape such as a vinyl tape or a non-woven tape. It is fixed using a bandage or the like.
創傷被覆材１は、被覆層９の孔１１を通して第１吸収層３によって褥瘡患部から滲み出る体液を吸収し、第１吸収層３が飽和状態又は飽和状態に近くなったとき、第２吸収層５が第１吸収層３から余分な体液を吸収して保持する。これにより、褥瘡患部を適度な湿潤環境で維持することができる。このとき、防水層７により、体液が外部に漏れるのを防止しつつ、被覆材９の接触面９ａの反対側の面９ｂ側に設けられた多数の孔１１により、適度な通気を行うことができる。また、クッション性を有した第１吸収層３によって、身体に加わった外力による圧迫を和らげることができる。更に、創傷被覆材１は、第１吸収層３が被覆材９で覆われているので褥瘡患部にはり付きにくい。 The wound dressing 1 absorbs the body fluid that oozes from the pressure ulcer affected area by the first absorbent layer 3 through the hole 11 of the cover layer 9, and when the first absorbent layer 3 becomes saturated or nearly saturated, the second absorbent layer 5 absorbs and retains excess body fluid from the first absorbent layer 3. Thereby, the pressure ulcer affected part can be maintained in a moderate moist environment. At this time, the waterproof layer 7 prevents the body fluid from leaking to the outside, and allows appropriate ventilation through the multiple holes 11 provided on the surface 9b side opposite to the contact surface 9a of the covering material 9. it can. Moreover, the compression by the external force added to the body can be relieved by the 1st absorption layer 3 which has cushioning properties. Furthermore, since the 1st absorption layer 3 is covered with the coating | covering material 9, the wound dressing 1 is hard to stick to the pressure ulcer affected part.
なお、上記実施形態において、被覆材９の孔１１は、吸収性及び通気性を考慮して、褥瘡患部の適度な湿潤環境を保持できるように、孔径、数、配列パターンを適宜設定することができる。このとき、接触面９ａと面９ｂとで異なる孔径、数、配列パターンを採用してもよい。また、被覆材９の孔１１は、褥瘡患部に対向する被覆材９の接触面９ａ側にのみに設けるようにしてもよい。更に、被覆材９は、孔１１を設ける代わりに、メッシュ状に形成してもよい。 In the above-described embodiment, the holes 11 of the covering material 9 may be appropriately set with a hole diameter, a number, and an arrangement pattern so that an appropriate wet environment of the pressure ulcer affected area can be maintained in consideration of absorbability and air permeability. it can. At this time, different hole diameters, numbers, and arrangement patterns may be employed for the contact surface 9a and the surface 9b. Moreover, you may make it provide the hole 11 of the coating | covering material 9 only in the contact surface 9a side of the coating | covering material 9 which opposes a pressure ulcer affected part. Further, the covering material 9 may be formed in a mesh shape instead of providing the holes 11.
更に、被覆材９は、１枚のシート部材を用いて、第１吸収層３、第２吸収層５及び防水層７を包み、周縁部の３ヵ所をヒートシールした熱融着部１３によって接合されているが、２枚のシート部材を用いて、その間に第１吸収層３、第２吸収層５及び防水層７を挟み、周縁部の４ヵ所をヒートシールにより接合するようにしてもよい。この場合、２枚のシート部材は、それぞれが異なるものでもよく、例えば、被覆層９の面９ｂ側は、通気性を有するシート材で形成してもよい。この他、被覆材９は、１枚のシートの両端の背面でシールして筒状にし、その筒状のシートの両端をシールする背貼り方法（合掌貼り）を用いて接合してもよく、更に、他の公知の接合方法を用いて、第１吸収層３、第２吸収層５及び防水層７を被覆するようにしてもよい。また、被覆材９は、ヒートシールに限らず、接着等の他の公知の接合手段を用いて接合してもよい。 Furthermore, the covering material 9 is joined by a heat-sealed portion 13 that encloses the first absorbent layer 3, the second absorbent layer 5, and the waterproof layer 7 using a single sheet member and heat-sealed the three peripheral portions. However, using two sheet members, the first absorbent layer 3, the second absorbent layer 5 and the waterproof layer 7 may be sandwiched between them, and the four peripheral portions may be joined by heat sealing. . In this case, the two sheet members may be different from each other. For example, the surface 9b side of the covering layer 9 may be formed of a breathable sheet material. In addition, the covering material 9 may be sealed by sealing the back of both ends of one sheet into a cylindrical shape, and may be joined by using a back sticking method (gap sticking) that seals both ends of the cylindrical sheet, Furthermore, you may make it coat | cover the 1st absorption layer 3, the 2nd absorption layer 5, and the waterproofing layer 7 using another well-known joining method. Further, the covering material 9 is not limited to heat sealing, and may be joined using other known joining means such as adhesion.
上記実施形態において、防水層７は、第２吸収層５に接着されているが、第２吸収層５に接着させないで第２吸収層５上に配置させてもよい。 In the above embodiments, the waterproof layer 7 has been bonded to the second absorption layer 5, may be disposed on the second absorption layer 5 is not bonded to the second absorption layer 5.
上記実施形態において、創傷被覆材１は、第１吸収層３、第２吸収層５、防水層７及び被覆層９のそれぞれの間に適宜消臭、抗菌等の機能を有した層を設けてもよい。 In the above embodiment, the wound dressing 1 is provided with a layer having functions such as deodorization and antibacterial appropriately between the first absorbent layer 3, the second absorbent layer 5, the waterproof layer 7 and the cover layer 9, respectively. Also good.
なお、上記実施形態においては、創傷被覆材１を褥瘡治療に用いる場合について説明しているが、創傷被覆材１は、切傷、熱傷及び擦過傷等の他の創傷の治療にも用いることができる。 In addition, in the said embodiment, although the case where the wound dressing 1 is used for pressure ulcer treatment is demonstrated, the wound dressing 1 can be used also for treatment of other wounds, such as a cut, a burn, and an abrasion.
上記実施形態において、創傷被覆材１は、平面視略正方形状であるが、三角形、長方形、円形等の他の適当な形状にしてもよい。 In the above-described embodiment, the wound dressing 1 has a substantially square shape in plan view, but may have other appropriate shapes such as a triangle, a rectangle, and a circle.
１…褥瘡用創傷被覆材、３…第１吸収層、５…第２吸収層、７…防水層、９…被覆材、１１…孔（開口部） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Pressure sore wound dressing material, 3 ... 1st absorption layer, 5 ... 2nd absorption layer, 7 ... Waterproofing layer, 9 ... Dressing material, 11 ... Hole (opening part)
Claims (3)
前記第１吸収層に積層され、前記第１吸収層から液体を吸収すると共に吸収した液体を保持して前記第１吸収層に戻りにくくする保水性を有する高吸水性高分子材料からなる第２吸収層と、
前記第２吸収層の前記第１吸収層とは反対側に積層された防水層と、
積層された前記第１吸収層、前記第２吸収層及び前記防水層の全体を被覆し、液体不透過性の材料からなり、前記第１吸収層を覆う面及び前記防水層を覆う面の両方に液体を透過させる大きさの複数の孔が設けられた被覆層と、を備えていることを特徴とする創傷被覆材。 A first absorbent layer that is a woven or non-woven fabric made of natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or a mixture thereof, having water absorbency for absorbing liquid ;
A second layer made of a highly water-absorbing polymer material that is laminated on the first absorbent layer and absorbs liquid from the first absorbent layer and retains the absorbed liquid so that it is difficult to return to the first absorbent layer . An absorbent layer;
A waterproof layer laminated on the opposite side of the second absorbent layer from the first absorbent layer ;
Both of the surface covering the first absorbent layer and the surface covering the waterproof layer, covering the entirety of the laminated first absorbent layer, the second absorbent layer and the waterproof layer and made of a liquid-impermeable material. And a covering layer provided with a plurality of holes of a size that allows liquid to pass through the wound dressing.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5190697U (en) * | 1975-01-20 | 1976-07-20 | ||
| US5465735A (en) * | 1994-12-01 | 1995-11-14 | The Kendall Company | Wound dressing |
| JP2008099773A (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2008-05-01 | Hakujuji Co Ltd | Wound covering material |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5190697U (en) * | 1975-01-20 | 1976-07-20 | ||
| US5465735A (en) * | 1994-12-01 | 1995-11-14 | The Kendall Company | Wound dressing |
| JP2008099773A (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2008-05-01 | Hakujuji Co Ltd | Wound covering material |
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