JP5828783B2 - DC circuit breaker - Google Patents

DC circuit breaker Download PDF

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JP5828783B2
JP5828783B2 JP2012052890A JP2012052890A JP5828783B2 JP 5828783 B2 JP5828783 B2 JP 5828783B2 JP 2012052890 A JP2012052890 A JP 2012052890A JP 2012052890 A JP2012052890 A JP 2012052890A JP 5828783 B2 JP5828783 B2 JP 5828783B2
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iron core
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彰訓 加藤
彰訓 加藤
和記 伊藤
和記 伊藤
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河村電器産業株式会社
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Description

本発明は、直流電路を保護する直流遮断器に関する。   The present invention relates to a DC circuit breaker that protects a DC circuit.

近年、データセンターにおける省エネ対策の一つとして直流給電方式が検討されている。従来の交流給電方式によると、ＵＰＳ（無停電電源装置）でのＡＣ／ＤＣ／ＡＣ変換に加え、サーバー入力時にもＡＣ／ＤＣ変換が必要で、計３回の電力変換に伴って電力を浪費する。これに対し、直流給電方式によれば、ＡＣ／ＤＣの１回の電力変換で電源をサーバーに供給できるため、消費電力を低減できる利点がある。   In recent years, a DC power supply method has been studied as one of energy saving measures in data centers. According to the conventional AC power supply method, AC / DC / AC conversion at the time of server input is required in addition to AC / DC / AC conversion at UPS (uninterruptible power supply), and power is wasted along with power conversion three times in total. To do. On the other hand, according to the direct current power supply method, the power can be supplied to the server by one power conversion of AC / DC, so that there is an advantage that power consumption can be reduced.

ところで、直流給電方式の場合は、直流配電部に短絡事故対策が必要となるが、現状では、ヒューズを用いた対策が講じられている。例えば、特許文献１では、直流電路に短絡電流が流れたときに、ヒューズを瞬時に溶断する回路を用いて、アーク放電を発生させない技術が提案されている。また、図３に示すような３極または４極ある交流遮断器の端子を内部にある接点が直列接続となるように引き回し、直流遮断器５０，６０として用いる方法も知られている。それ以外にも、遮断器の負荷側配線の余長を過剰にとって短絡電流を低減する方法も知られている。   By the way, in the case of the direct current power supply method, it is necessary to take measures against a short circuit accident in the direct current distribution unit, but at present, measures using a fuse are taken. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a technique that does not generate arc discharge using a circuit that instantaneously blows a fuse when a short-circuit current flows in a DC circuit. In addition, a method is also known in which terminals of an AC circuit breaker having three or four poles as shown in FIG. In addition, a method for reducing the short-circuit current by making the extra length of the load side wiring of the circuit breaker excessive is also known.

特開２０１１−２４３２８８号公報JP 2011-243288 A

しかし、従来技術によると、電路の復旧にヒューズを交換する手間と時間を要するうえ、アーク放電を防止するための専用回路が必要になるという問題点があった。また、引き回しタイプの直流遮断器５０，６０によると、１相あたり多数の接点を直列に接続する必要があった。   However, according to the prior art, there is a problem that it takes time and time to replace the fuse to restore the electric circuit, and a dedicated circuit for preventing arc discharge is required. Further, according to the routing type DC circuit breakers 50 and 60, it is necessary to connect a large number of contacts per phase in series.

そこで、本発明の目的は、ヒューズを使用したり多数の接点を直列接続したりすることなく、直流電路を短絡電流から保護できる直流遮断器を提供することにある。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a DC circuit breaker that can protect a DC circuit from a short-circuit current without using a fuse or connecting a large number of contacts in series.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明の直流遮断器は、直流電路を開閉する接点と、直流電路に流れた短絡電流を限流する限流リアクトルと、限流リアクトルの出力電流が規定値を超えたときに接点を開く引外し装置とを備えたことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above problems, a DC circuit breaker according to the present invention includes a contact that opens and closes a DC circuit, a current-limiting reactor that limits a short-circuit current flowing in the DC circuit, and an output current of the current-limiting reactor that has a specified value. And a tripping device for opening the contact when exceeding.

ここで、限流リアクトルは、磁石を備えた鉄心と、短絡電流が流れたときに鉄心に磁石の磁束と反対向きの磁束を発生するコイルとを含む。コイルは、磁石と反対側の鉄心に巻かれた第１コイルと、磁石側の鉄心に巻かれた第２コイルとを含み、第１コイルが巻線部の巻数比を調整可能である。   Here, the current limiting reactor includes an iron core provided with a magnet and a coil that generates a magnetic flux in a direction opposite to the magnetic flux of the magnet in the iron core when a short-circuit current flows. The coil includes a first coil wound around an iron core opposite to the magnet and a second coil wound around the magnet core, and the first coil can adjust the turn ratio of the winding portion.

本発明の直流遮断器によれば、直流電路に短絡電流が流れたときに、限流リアクトルが短絡電流を制限した状態で、引外し装置が接点を開放するので、アーク放電の発生を抑えて、電路を安全に遮断できる。したがって、ヒューズの使用や多接点の直列接続を必要としない簡単かつ便利な構成によって、直流電路を短絡電流から保護できるという効果がある。   According to the DC breaker of the present invention, when the short-circuit current flows in the DC circuit, the trip device opens the contact in a state where the current-limiting reactor limits the short-circuit current, so that the occurrence of arc discharge is suppressed. The electric circuit can be safely interrupted. Therefore, there is an effect that the DC circuit can be protected from a short-circuit current by a simple and convenient configuration that does not require the use of a fuse or a multi-contact serial connection.

本発明の一実施形態を示す直流遮断器の電気回路図である。It is an electric circuit diagram of a DC circuit breaker showing an embodiment of the present invention. 図１の直流遮断器の限流リアクトルを示す磁気回路図である。It is a magnetic circuit diagram which shows the current limiting reactor of the DC circuit breaker of FIG. 従来の直流遮断器を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the conventional DC circuit breaker.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図１に示す直流遮断器１は、例えばデータセンターの配電盤に内装されるケーシング２を備えている。ケーシング２の外面には、直流電源（図示略）に接続される端子Ｔ１，Ｔ２と、多数のサーバーを含む負荷回路３に接続される端子Ｔ３，Ｔ４とが設けられている。プラス同士の端子Ｔ１，Ｔ３は電線４で接続され、マイナス同士の端子Ｔ２，Ｔ４が電線５で接続され、両方の電線４，５によって直流電路が形成されている。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A DC circuit breaker 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a casing 2 that is installed in a switchboard of a data center, for example. On the outer surface of the casing 2, terminals T1 and T2 connected to a DC power source (not shown) and terminals T3 and T4 connected to a load circuit 3 including a number of servers are provided. The positive terminals T1 and T3 are connected by the electric wire 4, the negative terminals T2 and T4 are connected by the electric wire 5, and a DC electric circuit is formed by both the electric wires 4 and 5.

ケーシング２の内部には、直流電路を開閉する接点６と、接点６を駆動する限流ユニット７とが設けられている。接点６は、プラス電線４上に、またはマイナス電線５上に、あるいは２本の電線４，５上にそれぞれ設けることができる。限流ユニット７には、直流電路に流れた短絡電流を限流する限流リアクトル８と、限流リアクトル８の出力電流Ｉｓが規定値を超えたときに接点６を開く電磁引外し装置９とが直列に設けられている。電磁引外し装置９はリンク１０を介して１つまたは２つの接点６に連結されている。限流リアクトル８は鉄心１１上に第１コイルＬ１と第２コイルＬ２を備え、第２コイルＬ２の両端間にダイオードＤ１，Ｄ２が接続されている。   Inside the casing 2, a contact 6 that opens and closes a DC electric circuit and a current limiting unit 7 that drives the contact 6 are provided. The contact 6 can be provided on the plus wire 4, on the minus wire 5, or on the two wires 4, 5. The current limiting unit 7 includes a current limiting reactor 8 for limiting the short-circuit current flowing in the DC circuit, and an electromagnetic trip device 9 for opening the contact 6 when the output current Is of the current limiting reactor 8 exceeds a specified value. Are provided in series. The electromagnetic trip device 9 is connected to one or two contacts 6 via a link 10. The current limiting reactor 8 includes a first coil L1 and a second coil L2 on the iron core 11, and diodes D1 and D2 are connected between both ends of the second coil L2.

図２に示すように、鉄心１１の一部には磁石１２が設けられ、磁石１２側の鉄心１１に第２コイルＬ２が巻き付けられ、磁石１２と反対側の鉄心１１に第１コイルＬ１が巻き付けられている。第１コイルＬ１は電磁引外し装置９に接続される可動端子Ｔ５を備え、可動端子Ｔ５の位置に応じて巻線部Ｌ1ａ，Ｌ１ｂの巻数比を調整可能に構成されている。そして、第１コイルＬ１は磁石１２の磁束Ｍａと反対方向の磁束を発生するように巻かれ、第２コイルＬ２が磁石１２の磁束Ｍａと同方向の磁束を発生するように巻かれ、直流電路に短絡電流が流れたときに、第１コイルＬ１が鉄心１１に磁石１２の磁束Ｍａと反対向きの磁束Ｍｂを発生するようになっている。   As shown in FIG. 2, a magnet 12 is provided on a part of the iron core 11, the second coil L <b> 2 is wound around the iron core 11 on the magnet 12 side, and the first coil L <b> 1 is wound around the iron core 11 opposite to the magnet 12. It has been. The first coil L1 includes a movable terminal T5 connected to the electromagnetic trip device 9, and is configured such that the turns ratio of the winding portions L1a and L1b can be adjusted according to the position of the movable terminal T5. The first coil L1 is wound so as to generate a magnetic flux in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux Ma of the magnet 12, and the second coil L2 is wound so as to generate a magnetic flux in the same direction as the magnetic flux Ma of the magnet 12. When a short-circuit current flows through the first coil L1, the first coil L1 generates a magnetic flux Mb in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux Ma of the magnet 12 in the iron core 11.

上記構成の直流遮断器１において、電線４に通常値の母線電流Ｉが流れているときには、コイルＬ１，Ｌ２の巻数比が鉄心１１に磁石１２と同方向の磁束Ｍａが発生するように設定されているため、磁石１２の磁束Ｍａが増強され、かつ直流電流が流れることでコイルＬ１，Ｌ２が低インダクタンス状態となり、母線電流Ｉが限流されないまま引外し装置９に出力され、引外し装置９が接点６を閉じた状態に保持する。電線４に過電流が流れたときには、従来と同様に、引外し装置９がその電流を保持したまま電磁コイルに流し、規定のタイミングで接点６を引き外す。   In the DC circuit breaker 1 having the above configuration, when a normal bus current I flows through the electric wire 4, the turns ratio of the coils L <b> 1 and L <b> 2 is set so that a magnetic flux Ma in the same direction as the magnet 12 is generated in the iron core 11. Therefore, when the magnetic flux Ma of the magnet 12 is enhanced and a direct current flows, the coils L1 and L2 are in a low inductance state, and the bus current I is output to the trip device 9 without being limited, and the trip device 9 Holds the contact 6 closed. When an overcurrent flows through the electric wire 4, the tripping device 9 flows through the electromagnetic coil while holding the current as in the conventional case, and the contact 6 is detached at a specified timing.

一方、短絡電流が流れた場合は、第１コイルＬ１の磁束Ｍｂが磁石１２の磁束Ｍａに打ち勝ち、磁束の方向が逆転し、限流リアクトル８の中央部の磁気ギャップを通過して大きな磁束の変化をもたらす。つまり、ＢＨ曲線の第３象限から第１象限に移行することで大きな磁束変化が生じる。この磁束変化は第１コイルＬ１の巻線部Ｌ1ａ，Ｌ１ｂの分圧、すなわちトランス相互誘導による電流増幅を伴い、引外し装置９のコイルに大電流が流れ、接点６が引外され、直流電路が遮断される。   On the other hand, when a short-circuit current flows, the magnetic flux Mb of the first coil L1 overcomes the magnetic flux Ma of the magnet 12, the direction of the magnetic flux is reversed, and a large magnetic flux passes through the magnetic gap at the center of the current limiting reactor 8. Bring change. That is, a large magnetic flux change occurs by shifting from the third quadrant of the BH curve to the first quadrant. This magnetic flux change is accompanied by a partial pressure of the winding portions L1a and L1b of the first coil L1, that is, current amplification by mutual induction of the transformer, a large current flows through the coil of the tripping device 9, the contact 6 is tripped, and the DC circuit Is cut off.

電路遮断時には、接点６に流れる短絡電流が限流リアクトル８によって限流されているので、アーク放電の発生を抑えて、接点６を安全に引き外すことができる。また、限流リアクトル８の出力電流Ｉｓは、第１コイルＬ１における巻線部Ｌ１ａ，Ｌ１ｂの巻数比を調整することによって短絡電流相当値まで増幅させることができるので、電磁引外し装置９の動作特性を変えずに直流電路を限流遮断することが可能である。   Since the short-circuit current flowing through the contact 6 is limited by the current-limiting reactor 8 when the electric circuit is interrupted, the occurrence of arc discharge can be suppressed and the contact 6 can be safely detached. Further, since the output current Is of the current limiting reactor 8 can be amplified to a value corresponding to the short-circuit current by adjusting the turn ratio of the winding portions L1a and L1b in the first coil L1, the operation of the electromagnetic trip device 9 It is possible to cut off the current limit of the DC circuit without changing the characteristics.

例えば、第１コイルＬ１の巻数比を Ｌ１ａ：Ｌ１ｂ＝Ｎ：１ （＝Ｉ：Ｎ×Ｉ） としたとき、限流リアクトル８の出力電流Ｉｓは （Ｎ＋１）×Ｉ
となる。ただし、電流値の関係は、母線電流Ｉ＜出力電流Ｉｓ である。 For example, when the turns ratio of the first coil L1 is L1a: L1b = N: 1 (= I: N × I), the output current Is of the current limiting reactor 8 is (N + 1) × I
It becomes. However, the relationship between the current values is bus current I <output current Is.

なお、本発明の直流遮断器は、データセンターにおける用途に限定されず、直流電力を使用する各種設備に適用できる。その他、本発明は、上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で各部の構成を適宜に変更して実施することも可能である。   The DC circuit breaker of the present invention is not limited to the use in the data center, and can be applied to various facilities that use DC power. In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented by appropriately changing the configuration of each part without departing from the spirit of the invention.

１ 直流遮断器
３ 負荷回路
６ 接点
７ 限流ユニット
８ 限流リアクトル
９ 電磁引外し装置
１１ 鉄心
１２ 磁石
Ｌ１ 第１コイル
Ｌ２ 第２コイル DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 DC circuit breaker 3 Load circuit 6 Contact 7 Current limiting unit 8 Current limiting reactor 9 Electromagnetic trip device 11 Iron core 12 Magnet L1 1st coil L2 2nd coil

Claims (3)

直流電路を開閉する接点と、直流電路に流れた短絡電流を限流する限流リアクトルと、限流リアクトルの出力電流が規定値を超えたときに接点を開く引外し装置とを備えたことを特徴とする直流遮断器。   A contact that opens and closes the DC circuit, a current-limiting reactor that limits the short-circuit current that flows in the DC circuit, and a trip device that opens the contact when the output current of the current-limiting reactor exceeds a specified value DC breaker that is characterized. 前記限流リアクトルが、磁石を備えた鉄心と、短絡電流が流れたときに鉄心に磁石の磁束と反対向きの磁束を発生するコイルとを含む請求項１記載の直流遮断器。   2. The DC circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the current limiting reactor includes an iron core including a magnet and a coil that generates a magnetic flux in a direction opposite to the magnetic flux of the magnet in the iron core when a short-circuit current flows. 前記コイルが、磁石と反対側の鉄心に巻かれた第１コイルと、磁石側の鉄心に巻かれた第２コイルとを含み、第１コイルが巻線部の巻数比を調整可能である請求項２記載の直流遮断器。   The coil includes a first coil wound around an iron core on the opposite side of the magnet and a second coil wound around the iron core on the magnet side, and the first coil is capable of adjusting a turns ratio of the winding portion. Item 5. The DC circuit breaker according to Item 2.
JP2012052890A 2012-03-09 2012-03-09 DC circuit breaker Active JP5828783B2 (en)

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